New variety of white clover "jeju lava", and breeding method therefor

Abstract

The present invention relates to a new variety of white clover "Jeju Lava" and a breeding method therefor, and, more specifically, to a new variety of white clover "Jeju Lava" plant and a breeding method therefor, the new variety being obtained by irradiating flowers of the white clover mother plant, Dragon's Blood, having brighter upper lamina color than the mother plant, having large dark red venation patterns, being 70-80% leaves with four or more leaflets, and having the accession number of KCTC16024BP.

Description

A new white clover variety, 'Jeju Lava', and its breeding method.

[0001] The present invention relates to a new white clover variety, 'Jeju Lava', and a breeding method thereof.

[0002]

[0003] This invention was researched with the support of the University Key Research Institute Support Project and the Creative Challenge Research Base Support Project of the National Research Foundation of Korea (Project No. 2019R1A6A1A11052070 and 2020R1I1A1A01063379).

[0004] White clover (Trifolium repensL.) is native to Europe and Central Asia and is one of the most important pasture perennial legumes in temperate regions worldwide. Due to its high protein content, white clover is widely used as livestock feed. Its rapid growth and efficient nitrogen fixation make it a popular cover crop and nitrogen-fixing crop. White clover leaves are generally circular or inverted heart-shaped, with white V-shaped markings and three leaflets. Its diverse morphology makes it an excellent ornamental plant, leading to the cultivation of numerous cultivars worldwide.

[0005] The technologies developed for white clover can be broadly divided into three types. The first type is a technology for fancy products using white clover leaves, especially the four leaves that symbolize good luck. The second type is a technology that utilizes the physiological activity of white clover. The third type is a technology for breeding four-leaf clovers.

[0006] The four-leaf clover, which is believed to bring good luck, is a kind of mutation. Most clovers have three leaves, and the four-leaf clover is rare, with only one for every three-leaf clover. Recently, the value of edible four-leaf clovers has increased as famous companies use them as toppings.

[0007] Meanwhile, Korean Patent Publication No. 2010-0122474 discloses a 'method for producing white clover in which a mutation in the number of leaves is induced', and Korean Patent Publication No. 2002-0031125 discloses a 'new four-leaf clover variety 'Lucky Together' and a method for mass-producing the same', but there is no description of the 'new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' and a breeding method thereof' of the present invention.

[0008] The present invention was derived from the above-mentioned needs, and in order to develop a new white clover variety, the inventors irradiated the flowers of the white clover parent plant Dragon's Blood with radiation to cultivate a new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' plant having 70-80% of leaves with 4 or more leaves while maintaining the external characteristics of Dragon's Blood, thereby completing the present invention.

[0009] In order to solve the above problem, the present invention provides a new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' plant, accession number KCTC16024BP, which is obtained by irradiating the flower of a white clover mother plant, Dragon's Blood, with radiation, and has a brighter upper leaf color compared to the mother plant, a large dark red pattern on the leaf veins, and 70 to 80% of leaves having four or more leaves.

[0010] In addition, the present invention provides a part of the new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' plant or a descendant plant derived therefrom.

[0011] In addition, the present invention provides a method for breeding a new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' plant, accession number KCTC16024BP, which has a brighter upper leaf color than white clover Dragon's Blood, a large dark red pattern on the leaf veins, and 70-80% of leaves having 4 or more leaves, comprising the steps of: (a) cultivating the M1 seeds after irradiating them; (b) cultivating the M1 seeds of step (a) to select individuals exhibiting the trait of having 4 or more leaflets and propagating them vegetatively; (c) cultivating the flowers of the vegetatively propagated individuals of step (b) to select individuals exhibiting the trait of having 4 or more leaflets and propagating them vegetatively; and (d) cultivating the M2 seeds of step (c) to select individuals exhibiting the trait of having 4 or more leaflets and propagating them vegetatively.

[0012] The new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' of the present invention has new leaf characteristics that are not found in existing white clover, and is expected to greatly contribute to increasing farm income through the cultivation of new high value-added clover varieties and to becoming a new variety with high economic value.

[0013] Figure 1 shows the white clover trait survey items.

[0014] Figure 2 is a photograph of the white clover parent variety Dragon's Blood and the applied variety 'Jeju Lava'.

[0015] Figure 3 is a photograph of leaves by year of the applied variety, ‘Jeju Lava’.

[0016] In order to achieve the object of the present invention, the present invention provides a new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' plant, which is obtained by irradiating the flower of a white clover mother plant 'Dragon's Blood' with radiation, has a brighter upper leaf color compared to the mother plant, has a large dark red pattern on the leaf veins, and has 70 to 80% of leaves with 4 or more leaves, and has a deposit number of KCTC16024BP.

[0017] The new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' of the present invention has the morphological characteristics as described in Table 1. While the upper leaf color of the parental Dragon's Blood shows a color of 146B based on the RHS color chart, the upper leaf color of 'Jeju Lava' shows a color of 146D based on the RHS color chart, which is a lighter color than Dragon's Blood. In the dark red pattern of the leaf veins, the leaf vein pattern longitudinal diameter ratio (leaf vein pattern longitudinal diameter / leaf longitudinal diameter) of 'Jeju Lava' was confirmed to be 0.77±0.07, and the leaf vein pattern transverse diameter ratio (leaf vein pattern transverse diameter / leaf transverse diameter) was confirmed to be 0.55±0.06, whereas the leaf vein pattern longitudinal diameter ratio of the parental Dragon's Blood was 0.66±0.08, and the leaf vein pattern transverse diameter ratio was 0.45±0.04, and 'Jeju Lava' was Compared to Dragon's Blood, it can be seen that it is larger and clearer. In addition, the new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' was confirmed to have 70-80% of leaves with 4 or more leaves, and more specifically, based on 100 randomly selected leaflets, 21% had 3 leaves, 29% had 4 leaves, and 50% had 5 leaves. In contrast, the parental Dragon's Blood had 100% 3 leaves out of 100 randomly selected leaflets, and no leaves with 4 or more leaves were confirmed.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a new white clover variety, 'Jeju Lava', was bred by irradiating the white clover Dragon's Blood variety, which was being bred at the Jeju National University Subtropical Horticultural Industry Research Institute, and selecting individuals with many leaves having four or more leaves in addition to the external characteristics of the Dragon's Blood variety.

[0019] The inventor of the present invention pedigree-fixed a white clover individual having the above-mentioned characteristics, named it White Clover (Trifolium repens) 'Jeju Lava', and deposited its callus to the Korean Collection for Type Cultures (KCTC) on April 11, 2024 (Deposit No.: KCTC19181P), and was assigned an international accession number on August 28, 2024 (Deposit No.: KCTC16024BP).

[0020] The present invention also provides a part of a new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' plant having the above-described deposit number KCTC16024BP or a descendant plant derived therefrom.

[0021] The 'partial body' of the plant according to the present invention is not limited thereto, but may include roots, stems, leaves, flowers, pollen, etc. of the new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava'. In addition, the offspring plant may be a offspring plant derived through asexual reproduction (vegetative propagation) of the new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava', or a offspring plant derived through crossbreeding with another variety using the new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' as a mother plant, but is not limited thereto.

[0022] The present invention also provides:

[0023] (a) A step of collecting M1 seeds by cultivating the flowers of white clover Dragon's Blood after irradiating them;

[0024] (b) A step of cultivating the M1 seeds of step (a) above, selecting individuals exhibiting the trait of having 4 or more leaflets, and propagating them through vegetative propagation;

[0025] (c) a step of collecting M2 seeds by cultivating the flowers of the vegetatively propagated individuals of step (b) by irradiating them; and

[0026] (d) a step of cultivating the M2 seeds of the above step (c) and selecting individuals exhibiting the trait of having 4 or more leaflets and propagating them through vegetative propagation; a method for breeding a new white clover variety, 'Jeju Lava', having a deposit number of KCTC16024BP, having a brighter upper leaf color than the white clover Dragon's Blood, a large dark red pattern on the leaf veins, and having 70 to 80% of leaves having 4 or more leaflets, is provided.

[0027] Additionally, in this specification, the "flower" of white clover refers to a flower in which each organ of the flower, namely the pistil, stamen, petal, and sepal, is in a differentiated state. Generally, flowering occurs after the flower bud is formed, and the flower's organs, namely the pistil, stamen, petal, and sepal, differentiate from this flower bud, and the differentiated flower's organs mature. Therefore, the "flower" of white clover can be understood to mean a flower in a state from the time when each organ of the flower is differentiated after the flower bud is formed until it is withered.

[0028] In the breeding method according to one embodiment of the present invention, the radiation irradiation in steps (a) and (c) may preferably be irradiating gamma rays at a dose of 40 to 60 Gy, more preferably irradiating gamma rays at a dose of 50 Gy, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the gamma rays are preferably 60 Co may be, but is not limited to.

[0029] In addition, the term "vegetative propagation" in this specification is a form of asexual reproduction, and is also expressed as vegetative reproduction, vegetative multiplication, or replication. Vegetative propagation is a complex process in which vegetative parts, excluding the reproductive organs, develop into a complete plant through stages such as redifferentiation. In terrestrial vascular plants, almost all vegetative parts, such as leaves, stems, and roots, are capable of vegetative propagation. A new organism with the same genetic information as the parent organism is created through vegetative propagation only through mitosis without exchanging genetic material with other organisms.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vegetative propagation is preferably induced by cutting the 4th to 5th internode starting from where new leaves emerge and transplanting it into a new pot, but is not limited to the above method.

[0031]

[0032] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. However, the following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention, and the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

[0033]

[0034] Example 1. Development of a new white clover variety

[0035] In the present invention, the white clover variety "Dragon's Blood" being bred at the Jeju National University Subtropical Horticultural Research Institute was used as a parent plant. The Dragon's Blood variety was received from Professor Jun Inoue of Kyushu University, Japan, in March 1984, and maintained by vegetative propagation after germination at Suncheon National University. After receiving the variety from Suncheon National University in 2003, it was maintained by vegetative propagation and used for variety development.

[0036] The white clover mother variety Dragon's Blood was grown in a pot in a greenhouse at Jeju National University in 2003 under natural light conditions. During the flowering season (June to July), flowers of Dragon's Blood with flower stalks that had grown to about 20 cm were selected and irradiated with gamma rays. Gamma irradiation 60 Using Co, gamma-irradiation was performed for 2 hours at a dose of 50 Gy using the radiation facility of Jeju National University Radiation Research Institute. After gamma-irradiation, the flowers were covered with paper bags and grown in a greenhouse to prevent cross-pollination until the seeds matured. M1 seeds were collected 1-2 months later. The collected M1 seeds were sown in different pots in the greenhouse and grown. Individuals showing the trait of having more than 4 leaflets were selected and propagated by vegetative propagation. Each selected individual was re-irradiated with gamma rays during the second vegetative propagation process. The gamma-irradiation conditions were the same as described above. After gamma-irradiation, the flowers were covered with paper bags and grown in a greenhouse to prevent cross-pollination. M2 seeds were collected 1-2 months later. The collected M2 seeds were sown in different pots in the greenhouse and cultivated. Individuals showing the trait of having more than 50% of leaflets with 4 or more leaves out of 100 leaflets randomly selected per individual were selected and propagated by vegetative propagation at least 3 times. It was confirmed that the trait of having 4 or more leaflets was maintained during the propagation process.

[0037]

[0038] Example 2. Characteristics of the new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava'

[0039] The characteristics of the parent Dragon's Blood variety and the selected individuals (hereinafter referred to as Jeju Lava) with more leaves (4 or more leaves) than the external characteristics of the Dragon's Blood variety after two rounds of radiation exposure and three or more rounds of vegetative propagation were compared and analyzed.

[0040] The analysis of morphological characteristics was performed with reference to the "Crop Characteristics Survey Guidelines for New Cultivation Evaluation of the National Agricultural Products Resources of the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (https: / / www.seed.go.kr / seed / 192 / subview.do)" (https: / / www.seed.go.kr / seed / 192 / subview.do), and the plant form, leaf shape, leaf edge shape, number of leaves, upper lamina color, lower lamina color, upper and lower leaf margins (white V marks), midrib color, internode length, stolon thickness, petiole length, petiole thickness, central leaflet length, central leaflet width, leaf margin color, and flower color were investigated (Fig. 1). Five individuals were used for each plant, and the leaflets were examined using the central leaflets of the three-node expanded leaves from the top of the stem, and the color-related items were measured using the RHS color chart.

[0041] As a result of the analysis, as shown in Table 1 below, it was found that the new white clover cultivar Jeju Lava generally exhibited the external characteristics of its parent species, Dragon's Blood. The plant shape of Dragon's Blood was semi-erect, but the new cultivar Jeju Lava showed an intermediate shape, and the upper leaf color was a brighter yellow-green than Dragon's Blood, and the lower leaf color was close to the upper leaf color of Dragon's Blood. It was confirmed that the dark red pattern of the leaf veins was larger and more distinct than that of Dragon's Blood. In addition, it was found that the number of leaflets was mixed with 3, 4, and 5 leaves.

[0042]

[0043] In order to compare the number of leaves with 4 or more leaves in more detail, 100 leaflets were randomly selected from each plant and classified. As a result, in the case of the applied variety, Jeju Lava, it was confirmed that 21% of the 100 randomly selected leaflets had 3 leaves, 29% had 4 leaves, and 50% had 5 leaves. In the case of the parent variety, Dragon's Blood, all the leaves of the 100 randomly selected leaflets were confirmed to have 3 leaves, and no leaves with 4 or more leaves were observed.

[0044] In addition, in order to compare the dark red patterns of the leaf veins more specifically, 10 leaflets were randomly selected from each plant, and the longitudinal diameter (vertical length) and transverse diameter (horizontal length) of the leaves, as well as the longitudinal diameter and transverse diameter of the leaf vein pattern, were measured, respectively. In addition, the longitudinal diameter ratio (vertical diameter of the leaf vein pattern / longitudinal diameter of the leaf) and the transverse diameter ratio (transverse diameter of the leaf vein pattern / transverse diameter of the leaf) were calculated, respectively. As a result, it was confirmed that the applied variety, Jeju Lava, had larger longitudinal diameter ratios and transverse diameter ratios of the leaf vein pattern than its parental cultivar, Dragon's Blood, indicating that it had larger and clearer patterns.

[0045]

[0046] Through this, it was found that the new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' of the present invention has the morphological characteristics of the parent plant, has a larger and clearer leaf vein pattern compared to the parent plant, and has a significantly increased number of leaves of four or more compared to the parent plant, so that it can be utilized as a new white clover variety.

[0047] The inventor of the present invention induced callus of a new white clover variety, 'Jeju Lava', having the above characteristics, and deposited a patent therefor with the Korea Center for Biological Resources (KCTC) on April 11, 2024 (Accession No.: KCTC19181P), and was assigned an international deposit number on August 28, 2024 (Accession No.: KCTC16024BP). The callus of 'Jeju Lava' was induced using the following method: Petioles of the white clover Jeju Lava were collected, immersed in 70% ethanol for 30 seconds, and washed twice with sterilized water. Then, they were immersed in a 2% sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) solution for 20 minutes, and washed three times with sterilized water. Washed petioles were cut into 1-1.5 cm lengths and then plated on MS solid medium (pH 5.8) supplemented with 2.0 mg / L 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and 0.4 mg / L benzyladenopurine (BA). The petioles were cultured in the dark at 25°C and subcultured at 3-4 week intervals to induce callus. Once callus was induced on the petioles, only the callus was transferred to a new MS solid medium (containing 2,4-D and BA) and propagated.

[0048] [Accession number]

[0049] Name of depositor: Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Biological Resource Center (KCTC)

[0050] Accession number: KCTC16024BP

[0051] Date of acceptance: 20240828

[0052]

Claims

1. A new white clover variety, 'Jeju Lava', with the accession number KCTC16024BP, obtained by irradiating the flowers of the white clover parent plant, Dragon's Blood, and having a brighter upper leaf color compared to the parent plant, a large dark red pattern on the leaf veins, and 70-80% of the leaves having four or more leaves.

2. Part of the plant of the new white clover variety ‘Jeju Lava’ of Article 1.

3. In the second paragraph, a partial body of a new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' plant, characterized in that the partial body is a root, stem, leaf, flower or pollen of the plant.

4. Offspring plants derived from the new white clover variety ‘Jeju Lava’ plant of Article 1. 5.(a) Step of collecting M1 seeds by cultivating the flowers of White Clover Dragon's Blood after irradiating them; (b) A step of cultivating the M1 seeds of step (a) above, selecting individuals exhibiting the trait of having 4 or more leaflets, and propagating them through vegetative propagation; (c) a step of collecting M2 seeds by cultivating the flowers of the vegetatively propagated individuals of step (b) by irradiating them; and (d) A method for breeding a new white clover variety 'Jeju Lava' plant, deposited number KCTC16024BP, which has a brighter upper leaf color than white clover Dragon's Blood, a large dark red pattern on the leaf veins, and 70-80% of leaves with 4 or more leaves, including a step of cultivating the M2 seeds of the above step (c) and propagating them through vegetative propagation.

6. A method for breeding a new white clover variety, 'Jeju Lava', characterized in that the radiation irradiation in steps (a) and (c) in paragraph 5 is irradiated with gamma rays at a dose of 40 to 60 Gy.

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