A diaphragm seal

Abstract

A diaphragm seal is provided, with a first surface to be exposed to a first source of pressure, and a second surface to be exposed, to a second source of pressure, in use. Each of the first and second surfaces forming a seal having a first zone located centrally, a second zone located outwardly of the first zone, and separated from each other by an intermediate region, such that: the first zone is deflectable from an initial position or shape when subjected to the first source of pressure at or above a first threshold pressure and below a second threshold pressure, the intermediate region configured to allow the second zone to remain substantially unchanged and in an initial position or shape, and the second zone is deflectable when the first and second zone, is subjected to the first source of pressure at or above the second threshold pressure.

Description

A DIAPHRAGM SEALFIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a diaphragm seal, for example as part of a sealing device, more particularly, though not solely, to a diaphragm seal (to be used as part of a sealing device) with an indicator as to the presence of a pressurised fluid that may be exposed to the sealing side of the device, or a diaphragm seal (to be used as part of a sealing device) operable as a seal of a non-return valve (NRV).BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION

[0002] A number of systems are available for sealing a terminus of a conduit or an aperture of a piece of equipment through which a fluid may travel or be stored.

[0003] There are also a variety of instruments available for sealing a terminal end of a conduit or an aperture and provide an indication of the pressure of the fluid being retained. For example, ABB's tri-clamp sanitary gauge 4-20mA pressure transmitter (model 261GG), and Ashford Instrumentation's tri clamp hygienic 4-20mA seal pressure transmitter (model SML).

[0004] Problems exist with a variety of fluid seals, in their ability to provide for a system suitable for use in sanitary or hygienic operating conditions. Yet further problems exist with sealing systems in general as to their capability to withstand a fluid held under an elevated pressure yet provide an observer with an indication of the presence of such a fluid on the seal-side of the sealing system. Furthermore, pressure indication instruments can be expensive.

[0005] Problems also exist with the safety of sealing systems - for example, where a fluid is held or retained under an elevated pressure, and where for a variety of reasons either a sealing system failure for providing an indication of a fluid under pressure, or there is a user failure to observe that the sealing system is under pressure from a fluid.

[0006] There are also challenges with providing suitable fittings which are easy to clean (for example, fittings or surfaces of fittings which are easy to clean for meeting clean room or sanitary condition requirements).

[0007] Failure of the sealing surface or by a user to observe that the sealing surface is under pressure may result in injury or death or the potential for a dangerous situation to be set upfor a user attending to the sealing system. For example, a user may inadvertently unlock a sealing system from the terminus of a conduit or an aperture of a piece of equipment on the belief that the sealing system is not experiencing pressure from a fluid which it is retaining. The user would then be potentially exposed to the fluid at an elevated pressure, including the potential for components of the sealing system to destructively fail, or be exposed to the fluid contents itself (for example the fluid may be hazardous chemicals, such as hot caustic soda or other chemicals). For example, if the seal or a pressure indicator of a sealing system fails, then a user would not be able to be provided with accurate information as to a fluid being retained under pressure.

[0008] In this specification where reference has been made to patent specifications, other external documents, or other sources of information, this is generally for the purpose of providing a context for discussing the features of the invention. Unless specifically stated otherwise, reference to such external documents is not to be construed as an admission that such documents, or such sources of information, in any jurisdiction, are prior art, or form part of the common general knowledge in the art.

[0009] Further aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the ensuing description which is given by way of example only.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0010] It may therefore be of particular interest to provide an alternative fluid sealing system, such a sealing system having the capability for providing a seal in a manner such that a fluid is prevented from flowing out of a conduit or an aperture, yet which provides an indication of the presence or pressure (or both) of the fluid with which the seal is retaining.

[0011] It may also be of interest to provide an alternative fluid sealing system that has particular application for suitability for use in sanitary or other necessary hygienic applications or industries - for example a sealing system which is compliant with the requirements of food-grade or pharmaceutical grade type industries or operations. For example, which provide for a device that is relatively easily cleanable so as to meet suitable conditions of the environment, such as sanitary operating environment conditions.

[0012] It may be of still further interest to provide an alternative fluid sealing system that is capable of being a replacement for existing sealing systems and for use with existing coupling devices, such as proprietary couplings as cam-loc fittings, union clamps, and otherhinged or quick-release type couplings or fittings, such as for example those known as a triclamp such as those under the brand of Tri-Clover™ clamps.

[0013] It may also of interest to provide an alternative fluid sealing system that has particular application for use as a valve for control of a fluid flow through a conduit, such as for use as a non-return valve. A diaphragm seal configuration may be provided as part of a sealing device. For example, in some embodiments, such a seal can be self-operable or self- adjusting (i.e., is self-opening and self-closing) in response to the pressure of a fluid being subjected to the diaphragm seal.

[0014] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an alternative sealing device or sealing system or diaphragm seal which will go at least some way towards addressing one or more of the foregoing problems or capabilities which will at least provide the industry and / or public with a useful choice.

[0015] In a first aspect, the present invention broadly consists in a diaphragm seal comprising: a sealing body, the sealing body comprising of a first surface and a substantially opposing second surface, the first surface to be provided to substantially face or be exposed, in-use, to a first source of pressure, and the second surface to be provided to substantially face or to be exposed, in-use, to a second source of pressure, each of the first and second surfaces configured for forming of a seal, in-use, substantially about a perimeter portion, wherein the first surface of the sealing body comprises at least a first zone located substantially centrally on the first surface and at least a second zone located substantially outwardly of the first zone, the first zone and the second zone separated from each other by an intermediate region, such that:- the first zone is deflectable from an initial undeflected position or shape to a subsequent position or shape when at least the first zone of the first surface is, wholly or partially, subjected to the first source of pressure at or above a first threshold pressure and below a second threshold pressure, the intermediate region configured to allow the second zone to remain substantially unchanged and in an initial undeflected position or shape, and- the second zone is deflectable from an initial undeflected position or shape to a subsequent position or shape when the first zone and the second zone, wholly or partially, is subjected to the first source of pressure at or above the second threshold pressure.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present invention broadly consists in a diaphragm seal comprising: a sealing body, the sealing body comprising of a first surface and a substantially opposing second surface, the first surface to be provided to substantially face or be exposed, in-use, to a first source of pressure, and the second surface to be provided to substantially face or to be exposed, in-use, to a second source of pressure, each of the first and second surfaces configured for forming of a seal substantially about a perimeter portion, wherein the first surface of the sealing body comprises at least a first zone located substantially centrally on the first surface and at least a second zone located substantially outwardly of the first zone, the first zone and the second zone separated from each other by an intermediate region, such that exposure of the first zone (wholly or partially of the surface area of the first zone) of the first surface to a source of pressure at or above at least a first threshold pressure, and below at least a second threshold pressure, deflects the position or shape of first zone of the first surface from an initial position or shape, when exposed to a pressure below the first threshold pressure, to a subsequent first zone deflected position or shape, the deflection to the subsequent first zone deflected position or shape being in a direction away from the source of the pressure and away from the initial position or shape of the first zone whilst the position or shape of the second zone of the first surface remains substantially unchanged, and wherein exposure of at least the first zone of the first surface to a pressure at or above a second threshold pressure deflects the first zone and the second zone of the first surface from their initial position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape, the deflection to the subsequent deflected position or shape being in a direction away from thesource of the pressure and away from the initial position or shape of the first zone and second zone.

[0017] In a fourth aspect, the present invention broadly consists in a diaphragm seal comprising: a sealing body, the sealing body comprising of a first surface and a substantially opposing second surface, the first surface to be provided to substantially face or be exposed, in-use, to a first source of pressure, and the second surface to be provided to substantially face or to be exposed, in-use, to a second source of pressure, each of the first and second surfaces configured for forming of a seal, in-use, substantially about a perimeter portion, wherein the first surface of the sealing body comprises at least a first zone located substantially centrally on the first surface and at least a second zone located substantially outwardly of the first zone, the first zone and the second zone separated from each other by an intermediate region, such that:- the first zone, or the intermediate region, or a combination of at least the first zone and the intermediate region together, is / are configured to provide for at least a first resistive force that is substantially resistive to yield or deflection or deformation or a movement of at least the first zone from an initial (first zone) undeflected position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape,- the second zone, or the intermediate region, or a combination of at least the second zone and the intermediate region together, is / are configured to provide for at least a second resistive force that is substantially resistive to yield or deflection or deformation or a movement of at least the second zone from an initial (second zone) undeflected position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape, wherein the second resistive force is greater than the first resistive force.

[0018] In a fifth aspect, the present invention broadly consists in a diaphragm seal comprising: a sealing body, the sealing body comprising of a first surface and a substantially opposing second surface,the first surface to be provided to substantially face or be exposed, in-use, to a first source of pressure, and the second surface to be provided to substantially face or to be exposed, in-use, to a second source of pressure, each of the first and second surfaces configured for forming of a seal, in-use, substantially about a perimeter portion, wherein the first surface of the sealing body comprises at least a first zone located substantially centrally on the first surface and at least a second zone located substantially outwardly of the first zone, the first zone and the second zone separated from each other by an intermediate region, such that:- the first zone, or the intermediate region, or a combination of at least the first zone and the intermediate region together, is / are configured to provide for at least a first resistive force that is substantially resistive to yield or deflection or deformation or a movement of at least the first zone from an initial (first zone) undeflected position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape,- the second zone, or the intermediate region, or a combination of at least the second zone and the intermediate region together, is / are configured to provide for at least a second resistive force that is substantially resistive to yield or deflection or deformation or a movement of at least the second zone from an initial (second zone) undeflected position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape, wherein the second resistive force is different to the first resistive force.

[0019] The following additional features are provided and may be combined with any one or more of the first, second, fourth, or fifth aspects as defined above, or may be combined with any one or more of the third or sixth aspects as defined further below.

[0020] The first zone, or the intermediate region, or a combination of at least the first zone and the intermediate region together, is / are configured to provide for at least a first resistive force that is substantially resistive to yield or deflection or deformation or a movement of at least the first zone from an initial (first zone) undeflected position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape.

[0021] The second zone, or the intermediate region, or a combination of at least the second zone and the intermediate region together, is / are configured to provide for at least a secondresistive force that is substantially resistive to yield or deflection or deformation or a movement of at least the second zone from an initial (second zone) undeflected position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape.

[0022] The first resistive force may be the less than a first threshold pressure.

[0023] The second resistive force may be the greater than a first threshold pressure and less than the second threshold pressure.

[0024] The first threshold pressure may be greater than the first resistive force or may be sufficient to at least overcome the first resistive force.

[0025] The second threshold pressure may be greater than the second resistive force or may be sufficient to at least overcome the second resistive force.

[0026] The intermediate region may have a reduced or lesser resistive force relative to a resistive force of the first zone.

[0027] The intermediate region may be formed of a material that is of greater elasticity or is relatively softer or relatively more deformable than the first zone.

[0028] The first zone may have an increased or greater resistive force relative to a resistive force of the intermediate region.

[0029] The first surface and second surface may be separated by a sealing body thickness therebetween.

[0030] The pressure of the first threshold pressure may be sufficient to overcome a resistance of the first zone of the seal body to deflect or change position or shape from an initial position or shape to a subsequent (deflected or changed) position or shape.

[0031] The pressure of the second threshold pressure may be sufficient to overcome a resistance of the first zone or the intermediate region or a combination of the first zone and the intermediate region of the seal body to deflect or change position or shape from an initial position or shape to a subsequent (deflected or changed) position or shape.

[0032] The pressure of the second threshold pressure may be sufficient to overcome a resistance of the second zone of the seal body to deflect or change position or shape from an initial position or shape to a subsequent (deflected or changed) position or shape.

[0033] The pressure of the second threshold pressure may be sufficient to overcome a resistance of the second zone or the intermediate region or a combination of the second zone and the intermediate region of the seal body to deflect or change position or shape from an initial position or shape to a subsequent (deflected or changed) position or shape.

[0034] One or more of the first zone, the intermediate region, and the second zone may be formed of the same material, or may be formed of different materials, to provide for the respective different resistive forces. In addition, or alternatively, the one or more of the first zone, the intermediate region, and the second zone may be shaped or otherwise configured as to design, to provide for the respective different resistive forces. In some embodiments, the intermediate region may be a co-moulded region (such as injection co-moulded) to provide for a different resistive force to a resistive force of the first zone and / or the second zone.

[0035] Different materials may be used to contribute different material properties as to sealing body to achieve the different resistive forces. For example, softer or harder materials (i.e., materials of different hardness) may be used, or materials of greater or lesser elasticity (i.e., materials of different elasticity). Alternatively, designing or shaping the sealing body to have different thicknesses in one or more of the first zone or the second zone or the intermediate region may be used to contribute to achieve the different resistive forces. Similarly, the sealing body may be formed of a combination of materials for example by comoulding, and / or by other methods of forming a laminate or reinforced structure.

[0036] For example, the seal body may be formed such that one or more of the first zone or the second zone or the intermediate region may have different spring pressures, with the spring pressures increased or decreased or varied by use of different materials or forming (i.e., shaping by design) the seal body to provide for the different resistive forces. For example, thinned regions or thickened regions or surface profiles or different material properties or combinations of one or more of these may be used to achieve different desired resistive forces across the sealing body.

[0037] Providing for the different resistive forces enables the sealing body to provide for its own spring force or resistance to deflection or deformation. In this way, different zones or regions of the seal body can be provided to achieve the different resistive forces which can selectively yield or deflect in response to being subjected to a different pressures.

[0038] The seal body may be formed such that one or more of the first zone, or the second zone, or the intermediate region can have different resistive forces to yielding or being deflected from an initial position or shape to a subsequent position or shape.

[0039] The seal body may be provided with suitable elasticity or shape memory so as to be biased to return from a subsequent (deflected) position or shape to an initial position or shape when a pressure subjected to the first surface of the seal body is reduced from at least a second threshold pressure or from at least a first threshold pressure.

[0040] As discussed elsewhere, the pressure of the second source of pressure subjected to the second surface of the sealing body can contribute to the pressure required by first threshold pressure and / or the second threshold pressure, as such threshold pressures would need to overcome both a resistive force as well as a counter pressure being subjected to the second surface of the seal body by the second source of pressure.

[0041] The resistive force of the seal body at the first zone or the second zone or the intermediate region may be adjusted based on one or more of: material properties, structural features.

[0042] Different shapes of the first zone or the second zone of the intermediate region may be provided to provide for different predetermined resistive forces across the seal body.

[0043] The seal body comprises of a spring force that biases the seal body toward the initial position or shape. In this manner, when the seal body is subjected to a first source of pressure and may be deflected to a subsequent position or shape, the seal body resists such deflection and is biased to return to the initial position or shape.

[0044] The seal to be formed by each of the first and second surfaces may be to substantially retain the first fluid in a defined relationship with the first surface, and to substantially retain the second fluid in a defined relationship with the second surface.

[0045] The seal to be formed by the first surface may be to substantially retain the first fluid in a defined relationship with the first surface.

[0046] The seal to be formed by the second surface may be to substantially retain the second fluid in a defined relationship with the second surface.

[0047] The seal to be formed by the first surface and the second surface may provide for fluid-tight seals.

[0048] The first source of pressure may be from a first fluid.

[0049] The second source of pressure may be from a second fluid.

[0050] In a third aspect, the present invention broadly consists in a diaphragm seal comprising: a sealing body, the sealing body comprising of a first surface and a substantially opposing second surface with a sealing body thickness therebetween, the first surface to be provided to substantially face or be exposed, in-use, to a first fluid, and the second surface to be provided to substantially face or to be exposed, in-use, to a second fluid, each of the first and second surfaces configured for sealing substantially about a perimeter portion to substantially retain the first fluid in a defined relationship with the first surface, and to substantially retain the second fluid in a defined relationship with the second surface, wherein the first surface of the sealing body comprises at least a first zone located substantially centrally on the first surface and at least a second zone located substantially outwardly of the first zone, the first zone and the second zone separated from each other by an intermediate region, such that exposure of the first zone (wholly or partially of the surface area of the first zone) of the first surface to a source of pressure at or above at least a first threshold pressure, and below at least a second threshold pressure, deflects the position or shape of first zone of the first surface from an initial position or shape, when exposed to a pressure below the first threshold pressure, to a subsequent first zone deflected position or shape, the deflection to the subsequent first zone deflected position or shape being in a direction away from the source of the pressure and away from the initial position or shape of the first zone whilst the position or shape of the second zone of the first surface remains substantially unchanged, and wherein exposure of at least the first zone of the first surface to a pressure at or above a second threshold pressure deflects the first zone and the second zone of the first surface from their initial position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape, thedeflection to the subsequent deflected position or shape being in a direction away from the source of the pressure and away from the initial position or shape of the first zone and second zone.

[0051] The following additional features are provided and may be combined with any one or more of the first, second, third, fourth, or fifth aspects as defined above, or may be combined with the sixth aspect as defined further below.

[0052] The first zone may be substantially circular in shape.

[0053] The intermediate region may be substantially annular.

[0054] The intermediate region may be radially outward of the first zone and radially inward of the second zone.

[0055] The intermediate region may be an annulus of the first zone and second zone.

[0056] The intermediate region may allow for at least some independence of the first zone to move or be deflected from an initial position or shape to a subsequent first zone position or shape without substantially altering an initial position or shape of the second zone, when a pressure exposed to at least the first zone of the first surface is at or above the first threshold pressure and below the second threshold pressure.

[0057] The first zone may be at least partially independently deflectable or moveable of the second zone, the first zone deflectable or moveable from an initial position or shape to a deflected position or shape, in response to the first zone being wholly or partially subjected to a source of pressure at or above at least a first threshold pressure, and below at least a second threshold pressure.

[0058] The first zone of the first surface of the sealing body may be a substantially planar or flat surface.

[0059] The intermediate region may be a region substantially recessed from the first zone of the first surface.

[0060] The second zone may be an outwardly flared skirt portion that extends radially outwardly from the first zone and the intermediate region, to optionally terminate in a flange portion as an outer perimeter sealing portion.

[0061] An outer perimeter portion of the sealing body may be configured for sealing, the first surface side of the sealing body outer perimeter may, in-use, form a seal against or with the end of a process component, and the second surface side of the sealing body outer perimeter may, in-use, form a seal against or with a restraining member (configured to restrain the sealing body in a sealed configuration against or with the end of a process component, such as an end of a process component opening, e.g. a pipe end).

[0062] The intermediate region may be one or more of: a region of relatively reduced thickness (or reduced cross-section), relative to a thickness (or cross-section) of one or both of the first zone and / or the second zone (of the seal body), a region of relatively greater flexibility, relative to a flexibility of the first zone and / or the second zone (of the seal body), a region of greater elasticity, relative to one or both of the first zone and / or the second zone (of the seal body), a region of relative preferential flexure, a region of preferential bending, an inflexion point of the sealing body or the first surface of the sealing body when traversing from the first zone of the first surface of the sealing body along the first surface and toward the second zone of the sealing body, a bellowed portion, a recess or channel shaped portion (when viewed from the first surface side of the sealing body), a discontinuity between the first zone and the second zone.

[0063] The second fluid may be a surrounding atmosphere, for example may be air.

[0064] The first threshold pressure may be a relative pressure differential between the first pressure source and the second pressure source.

[0065] The second threshold pressure may be a relative pressure differential between the first pressure source and the second pressure source.

[0066] The first threshold pressure may be a pressure of about 5 psi (pounds per square inch), or may be a pressure of about 1 to about 50 psi, or may be any of the following: or may be a pressure of greater than about 1 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 2 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 3 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 4 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 5 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 50 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 45 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 40 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 35 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 30 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 25 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 20 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 15 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 10 psi.

[0067] The first threshold pressure may be a first activation pressure of the sealing body or of the first surface of the sealing body.

[0068] The second threshold pressure may be a pressure of about 5 psi to about 200 psi, or may be a pressure of about 10 psi to about 15 psi, or may be any of the following: or may be a pressure of greater than about 10 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 20 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 30 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 40 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 50 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 75 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 100 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 125 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 150 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 175 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 200 psi.

[0069] The second threshold pressure may be a second activation pressure of the sealing body or of the first surface of the sealing body.

[0070] The sealing body may further comprise a flange portion.

[0071] The flange portion may comprise of one or more surface feature(s) about the first surface and the second surface, to provide for respective sealing surfaces to which seals can be made, in-use.

[0072] The one or more surface feature(s) may be a male or female shape suitable for sealing receipt with an opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement therewith.

[0073] The one or more surface feature(s) may be one or more of the following: an O-ring, or a gasket, or a lip seal, or an upstanding wall of a width and height or shape suitable for sealing receipt with an opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement therewith.

[0074] The opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement with the first surface may be a process component, such as an opening of a conduit or a pipe or a tube or another unit operation (for example at a transfer panel, also known as flow diversion panels or flowverters or swing panels, which provide for methods of directing fluid flow during production or cleaning, or for terminating or sealing the end of a pipe).

[0075] The opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement with at least an outer portion of the second surface of the sealing body may be a restraining member, optionally the diaphragm seal may be securely mounted to, at, or with, the opening of the process component.

[0076] The diaphragm seal may be removably mountable (or secured) at or to the opening of a process component.

[0077] Quick fittings, such as a tri-clamp, may be used to mount the diaphragm seal at or to the opening of a process component.

[0078] A restraining member may be compatible for sealing engagement with the second surface of the sealing body, for example, for sealing engagement with a flange portion comprising of one or more surface feature(s) about the second surface of the sealing body.

[0079] The restraining member may be a restraining body comprising of a first surface and a substantially opposing second surface, the second surface of the restraining body to substantially face the second surface of the sealing body.

[0080] The restraining member may comprise at least one aperture extending through the restraining body, between the first surface and second surface of the restraining body.

[0081] The at least one aperture may be located substantially centrally on the restraining body.

[0082] The restraining member may comprise of a single aperture, which may be located substantially centrally on the restraining body.

[0083] The second surface of the restraining member may comprise of an interior facing surface, to face the second surface of the sealing body, in-use, and may provide for asupport surface upon which the second surface of the sealing body may be at least partially engageable in-use.

[0084] The support surface of the restraining member may be of a profile such that when the first surface of the sealing is not exposed or subjected to an elevated pressure of a fluid or of a first source or pressure (i.e., is in a non-pressurised condition), a cavity volume may be defined between at least the inner region of the second surface of the sealing body and the support surface of the restraining member, and when the first surface of the sealing body is exposed to a fluid or is in a pressurised condition, the cavity volume may be reduced.

[0085] The cavity volume may be varied according to the relative position of the second surface of the sealing body with respect to the support surface of the restraining member.

[0086] The support surface of the restraining member may have a surface profile configured to accommodate, partially or wholly, a profile of the second surface of the sealing body.

[0087] The support surface of the restraining member may have a profile to accommodate at least an inner region of the second surface of the sealing body, or to accommodate at least an outer region of the second surface of the sealing body.

[0088] The restraining member support surface may be at least partially engaged by at least a part of the second surface of the sealing body when the first surface of the sealing body is subjected to the first source of pressure, optionally when the first source of pressure may be at or above the second threshold pressure.

[0089] The restraining member may be a substantially rigid member, for example may be formed of one or more of: a plastic material, copper, brass, mild steel, and stainless steel.

[0090] The restraining member may be compatible as an end cap, for example may be compatible as a DIN end cap.

[0091] The aperture may extend through an upstand from the first surface of the restraining member, the upstand being a hollow body that projects from a base end at the first surface of the restraining body to a distal tip end.

[0092] Side walls of the aperture through the restraining member, and side walls of the upstand, may act or operate to guide or provide a guide to the projection of the sealing body in a defined pathway, for example when the projection is to be moved relative to the restraining member when the first surface of the sealing body is subjected to an elevatedpressure, such as a pressure at or above a first threshold pressure, or when the first surface of the sealing body is relieved of an elevated pressure to a pressure below a second threshold pressure (or below a first threshold pressure).

[0093] Side walls of the aperture and side walls of the upstand, may support an aligned movement of the projection of the sealing body to move within the aperture.

[0094] The upstand may comprise a flange or flared shoulder at or substantially toward the distal tip end.

[0095] The flange or flared shoulder may extend outwardly (such as radially outwardly) of the upstand.

[0096] For example, the upstand with flange or flared shoulder may provide for a gripping portion for a user to grip or hold or get purchase of the restraining member and remove from an installed position. This may facilitate for a tool-less removal ability of the seal from a mounted or secured position (when the mounting or securement system is also removed). Advantageously, provision of a system for improving the tool-less removal of seals from the terminal ends of pipes (including for example at transfer panels) is important in clean room type environments where tool use is discouraged, and as the use of tools by a user to pry a seal off the end of a pipe may impinge or damage the sealing portions, thereby compromising seals.

[0097] The sealing body may comprise a projection extending from the second surface (of the sealing body), optionally the projection may be located about the second surface to be aligned with at least one aperture provided through a restraining member and to extend through the aperture to provide an indication of a fluid pressure (such as the first source of pressure) that, in-use, may act upon the first surface of the sealing body.

[0098] The extent to which the projection may extend outwardly from the at least one aperture may be substantially indicative of the first source of pressure exerted upon the first surface of the sealing body.

[0099] The projection is configured to extend through the at least one aperture of the restraining member to provide for a visual indicator of the presence of a fluid (such as the first source of pressure) at an elevated pressure condition on the first surface of the sealing body (optionally when the fluid is the first source of pressure and the elevated pressurecondition may be a pressure condition at or above the first threshold pressure (and optionally may be below the second threshold pressure), or the elevated pressure condition may be a pressure condition at or above the second threshold pressure).

[0100] The projection may be a raised surface profile extending from the second surface of the sealing body, for example may be an elongate member, such as a stalk-type or finger shape.

[0101] The projection may extend from the second surface of the sealing body of a sufficient length so as to project through and beyond a distal end of the corresponding at least one aperture, when the first surface of the sealing body is subjected to the first source of pressure at an elevated pressure condition (optionally when the fluid is the first source of pressure and the elevated pressure condition may be a pressure condition at or above the first threshold pressure (and optionally may be below the second threshold pressure), or the elevated pressure condition may be a pressure condition at or above the second threshold pressure).

[0102] There may be a single projection.

[0103] The projection may be substantially centrally located on or through the second surface of the restraining member.

[0104] The sealing body may have a base located upon the second surface and the projection extends from the base.

[0105] The sealing body may have a stop at a base of the projection, the stop providing a surface to contact the support surface of the restraining member when the sealing device is in a pressurised condition.

[0106] The stop may be dimensioned so as to be unable to extend into or through the restraining member aperture.

[0107] The stop may be a substantially thickened portion of the sealing body.

[0108] The support surface of the restraining member may be profiled so as to receive or accommodate the stop.

[0109] The stop and the support surface may be configured to substantially co-locate or substantially mate with each other, when the first surface of the sealing body is exposed to a first source of pressure at or above a second threshold pressure.

[0110] The projection or at least a part of the projection may be of a visually contrasting colour, or a distinctive colour, compared to a restraining member.

[0111] The sealing body may have an annular rib located at a base of the projection, such that in a pressurised condition the rib may be adapted to co-locate into the aperture of the restraining member to seal an annular space between the aperture and the projection.

[0112] The projection of the sealing body may comprise a shoulder, for example in the form of a lip or a flange, at a distal (outer) end of said projection, optionally such that the shoulder may be configured to seal against or with the restraining member, when the first surface of the sealing body is in an unpressurised condition.

[0113] The shoulder may seat (or be seated) substantially against or with a distal end of the aperture of the restraining member, when the first surface of the sealing body is in an unpressurised condition.

[0114] The restraining member may comprise an annular shoulder (such as a rib) extending substantially inwardly about the aperture, configured to provide a seating surface upon which the shoulder of the projection can be seated thereon, when the first surface of the sealing body is in an unpressurised condition.

[0115] The annular shoulder (such as a rib) may be shaped to allow for relatively easier or smoother, or substantially less difficult, assembly of the projection of the sealing body up through the aperture and allow for the flared shoulder of the projection to deflect and pass through such a radially constricted portion of the aperture with the annular shoulder, however to more substantially resist the projection from passing back down through the aperture back past the annular shoulder. Optionally, the annular shoulder (or rib) may be shaped to provide for a progressively greater constriction of the aperture, when viewed in a direction extending from a proximal or base end of the aperture to a more distal end of the aperture.

[0116] The annular shoulder may be spaced from the distal end of the aperture.

[0117] The shoulder of the projection may form a seal with the annular shoulder of the aperture, optionally the seal may be a fluid-tight seal.

[0118] A distal end of the projection may be substantially flush with a distal end of the upstand, when the first surface of the sealing body is in an unpressurised condition.

[0119] An annular gap or space may be provided between the projection of the sealing body and the aperture of the restraining member, with the projection extending through the aperture.

[0120] An inner region of the sealing body may comprise a curved annular portion between a central portion and a perimeter portion, so that the first and second surfaces of the sealing body may be substantially curved outwardly (for example the shape of the sealing body may be substantially frusto-conical, or dome-shaped, when viewed as a side view in a direction extending from a perimeter portion of the sealing body that may be located substantially adjacent or in sealing engagement with a perimeter of a restraining member, through a second zone and to substantially the first zone).

[0121] The sealing body may be formed so as to be biased to resist deflection or movement of the sealing body toward the support surface of the restraining member, for example such that the first zone of the sealing body may have an initial resistance to deflection from an initial position or shape in response when being subjected to a first source of pressure, and for example such that the second zone of the sealing body has a different initial resistance to deflection from an initial position or shape when being subjected to the first source of pressure.

[0122] The sealing body may be substantially elastically deformable or deflectable.

[0123] The sealing body may be moveable or deflectable by elastic deformation upon influence of the first source of pressure or a fluid upon the first surface, such as the first zone or first zone and the second zone of the first surface of the sealing body.

[0124] The first zone of the sealing body may be substantially more resiliently flexible or substantially more elastically deformable or substantially more deflectable than the second zone.

[0125] The first zone may be substantially more elastically deformable or deflectable under influence of a first source of pressure than the second zone.

[0126] The first zone may be preferentially relatively more deformable or deflectable (relative to the second zone) when under influence or when subjected to a first source of pressure at or above a first threshold pressure and below a second threshold pressure, orwhen under the influence or when subjected to a first source of pressure below a second threshold pressure relative to the second zone).

[0127] The sealing body may be a unitary member.

[0128] The sealing body may be a relatively flexible member, for example may be a silicone material, for example a Pharmaceutical Grade US Class VI silicone, or may be a natural rubber, or may be a polyurethane, or may be a synthetic rubber polymer such as for example those known as an EPDM rubber (ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber) or a fluorocarbon (FKM) (such as known under the trade name of Viton™ of the Chemors Company) or a polychloroprene (such as known under the trade name of Neoprene), or Nitrile, or other flexible materials.

[0129] The restraining member may be a relatively rigid material or of a relatively rigid form, for example may be formed of one or more of a plastic (polymeric) material, copper, brass, mild steel, stainless steel.

[0130] The diaphragm seal may operate to securely seal an open end of a pipe (or seal an opening at a transfer panel).

[0131] The diaphragm seal may operate as a pressure variable control valve or a non-return valve to control a flow of fluid, depending upon a first source of pressure subjected to the first surface of the sealing body.

[0132] Subjecting the first surface of the sealing body to a pressure at or above a first threshold pressure, may deflect the first surface of the sealing body from a nominally closed position to a nominally open position.

[0133] A nominally open position may be at least dependent on the first source of pressure being elevated to be at least, at or above, a first threshold pressure.

[0134] A nominally closed position may be at least dependent on the first source of pressure being reduced to be below a first threshold pressure.

[0135] The seal body may comprise of an aperture, such as in the form of a leak path or pressure reliever. Such an aperture may be provided through the seal body between the first surface and the second surface. Optionally, the aperture can be provided through second zone. Advantageously, such a configuration is provided when the seal is to be used as a nonreturn valve.

[0136] The aperture may allow for an equalisation of pressure between a pressure of a fluid within a cavity volume bounded between the second surface of the sealing body and a first surface of a restraining member, and a pressure of the fluid downstream of seal body. In this manner, as the pressure of a fluid on the second surface of the sealing body is relieved or reduces, the threshold pressure (being either or both of the first threshold pressure and / or the second threshold pressure) can be reduced as to the pressure (or force) required to deflect one or more of the first zone, or the intermediate region, or the second zone, or combinations of one or more of these from an initial position or shape to a subsequent position or shape. Similarly, as the pressure subjected to the second surface of the sealing body in a cavity volume bounded between the second surface of the sealing body and a first surface of a restraining member increases, the threshold pressure (being either or both of the first threshold pressure and / or the second threshold pressure) can be increased as to the pressure (or force) required to deflect one or more of the first zone, or the intermediate region, or the second zone, or combinations of one or more of these from an initial position or shape to a subsequent position or shape.

[0137] In a sixth aspect, the present invention broadly consists in a restraining member for a diaphragm seal, comprising: a restraining body comprising of a first surface and a substantially opposing second surface, the second surface of the restraining body to substantially face the second surface of the sealing body, at least one aperture extending through the restraining body, between the first surface and second surface of the restraining body, and extending as an upstand from the first surface of the restraining member, the upstand being a hollow body that projects from a base end at the first surface of the restraining body to a distal tip end, and side walls of the aperture through the restraining member, and side walls of the upstand, acting or operate to guide or provide a guide to the projection of the sealing body in a defined pathway, for example when the projection is to be moved relative to the restraining member when the first surface of the sealing body is subjected to an elevated pressure, such as a pressure at or above a first threshold pressure, or when the first surface of the sealing body is relieved of an elevated pressure to a pressure below a second threshold pressure.

[0138] The following additional features are provided and may be combined with any one or more of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, or sixth aspects as defined above.

[0139] The upstand further comprising a flange or flared shoulder at or substantially toward the distal tip end.

[0140] The second surface is profiled receive or accommodate a stop of a diaphragm seal.

[0141] The profile is a recess configured to substantially co-locate or substantially mate with the stop of the diaphragm seal.

[0142] The diaphragm seal according to any one or more of the previous clauses may be used with the restraining member of the sixth aspect.

[0143] The term "comprising" as used in this specification means "consisting at least in part of". When interpreting each statement in this specification that includes the term "comprising", features other than that or those prefaced by the term may also be present. Related terms such as "comprise" and "comprises" are to be interpreted in the same manner.

[0144] This invention may also be said broadly to consist in the parts, elements and features referred to or indicated in the specification of the application, individually or collectively, and any or all combinations of any two or more said parts, elements or features, and where specific integers are mentioned herein which have known equivalents in the art to which this invention relates, such known equivalents are deemed to be incorporated herein as if individually set forth.

[0145] The invention consists in the foregoing and also envisages constructions of which the following gives examples only.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0146] Preferred embodiments of the invention will be described by way of example only and with reference to the drawings, in which:

[0147] Figure 1 illustrates a top perspective view of a diaphragm seal.

[0148] Figure 2 is a bottom perspective view of a diaphragm seal.

[0149] Figure 3 is a side view of a diaphragm seal.

[0150] Figure 4 is a cross sectional view of a diaphragm seal.

[0151] Figure 5 is a top perspective view of a restraining member.

[0152] Figure 6 is a bottom perspective view of a restraining member.

[0153] Figure 7 is a side view of a restraining member.

[0154] Figure 8 is a cross sectional view of a restraining member.

[0155] Figure 9 is a top perspective view of a diaphragm seal assembled with a restraining member.

[0156] Figure 10 is a bottom perspective view of an assembled diaphragm seal with a restraining member.

[0157] Figure 11 is a side view of an assembled diaphragm seal with a restraining member.

[0158] Figure 12A is a cross sectional view of an assembled diaphragm seal with a restraining member.

[0159] Figure 12B is a cross sectional view of the assembled diaphragm seal of Figure 12A, with a projection displaced a first distance.

[0160] Figure 12C is a cross sectional view of an assembled diaphragm seal of Figure 12A, with a projection displaced a second distance.

[0161] Figure 13 is a generalised top perspective view of an assembled diaphragm seal and restraining member located at an opening of a process component, such as a pipe.

[0162] Figure 14 is a generalised bottom perspective view of an assembled diaphragm seal and restraining member located at an opening of a process component, such as a pipe.

[0163] Figure 15 is a generalised view of an assembled diaphragm seal and restraining member located at an opening of a process component, such as a pipe, also showing a clamp which may be used to secure the assembly to the end of the opening of the process component. In this example, a tri-clamp is shown in an open configuration, but would be closed and tightened in-use.

[0164] Figure 16 is a schematic type generalised view of a diaphragm seal positioned at the opening of a process component, such as a pipe, but in an in-line arrangement illustrating the diaphragm seal when used as an in-line valve, for example as a non-return valve functionality. Figure 16 illustrating the diaphragm seal when in a nominally closed configuration.

[0165] Figure 17 is a schematic type generalised view of a diaphragm seal positioned at the opening of a process component, such as a pipe, but in an in-line arrangement illustrating the diaphragm seal when used as an in-line valve, for example as a non-return valve functionality. Figure 17 illustrating the diaphragm seal when in a nominally partially open configuration.

[0166] Figure 18 is a schematic type generalised view of a diaphragm seal positioned at the opening of a process component, such as a pipe, but in an in-line arrangement illustrating the diaphragm seal when used as an in-line valve, for example as a non-return valve functionality. Figure 18 illustrating the diaphragm seal when in a nominally more (wider) open configuration.DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0167] Various embodiments are described with reference to the Figures. Throughout the Figures and specification, the same reference numerals may be used to designate the same or similar components, and redundant descriptions thereof may be omitted.

[0168] This invention provides for a seal to be used as part of a sealing device, which can be removably mounted or securely connected to seal to the terminus aperture of a conduit (or pipe or hosing etc) or an aperture of a piece of equipment, all of which may be referred to as an aperture of an element of process equipment. The seal is provided for sealingly retaining a fluid within in the process component 33.

[0169] In some embodiments, the seal may be utilised as a closure seal at the opening of or a terminal end of a process component 33 (such as at the open end or terminus of a pipe, such as at a transfer panel, also known as flow diversion panels or flowverters or swing panels, which provide for methods of directing fluid flow during production or cleaning, or for terminating or sealing the end of a pipe). As part of such a closure seal, in one particular embodiment, the seal is configured to provide for a visual indicator of a pressure at or above a predetermined pressure (such as first threshold pressure) within the process component 33, or which is at least exerted upon a process fluid side of the seal.

[0170] In other embodiments, the seal may be utilised as part of a valve, such as non-return valve. For example, the sealing body can be activated or be operable, in response to a pressure exerted against a first surface of the seal sealing body as a first source of pressure (for example a line pressure of a fluid in a pipe) when the first source of pressure is at orabove a first threshold pressure but below a second threshold pressure. In this way, the sealing body operates or has a response to such pressure, for example a first surface of the seal can be deflected or moved from an initial position or shape to a subsequent position of shape, to allow flow. Such a deflection or movement may allow for the unseating or opening of the seal from a seated (closed) position which otherwise seals off or impedes the flow of fluid through a pipe (or passage), and yet when the pressure exerted upon the first surface of the seal is below a first threshold pressure, the seal may substantially remain in a closed or seated (or sealed) configuration to prevent a flow of fluid through a pipe (or passage). Furthermore, when the first source of pressure may be at or greater than a second threshold pressure, the seal may be sufficiently deflected or moved such that an opening of the seal opens to a greater extent to allow for a greater flow of fluid through the pipe (or passage).

[0171] Particularly advantageous, is the ability to provide for a sealing surface which may be exposed to the fluid and yet which may be cleaned with relative ease. For example, the sealing surface for exposure to the fluid can be formed as a relatively smooth or uninterrupted surface, further assisting with the relative ease with which the surface may be cleaned or sanitised or made hygienic. Such a smooth surface helps to eliminate the potential for accumulation of biofilm or other detritus which may need to be cleaned off, for example during clean-in-place (CIP) operations.

[0172] Also, particularly advantageous is the provision of a sealing device which provides for an indication that a fluid is exposed to the sealing side or process fluid side of a sealing device, yet where the sealing side avoids use of a chamber or other repository for diverting at least a portion of the fluid so as to provide such an indication. For example, avoided is the use of any additional chamber or other channel for fluid to enter or be drawn off so as to be sensed by an indicator or other pressure measurement system. Avoidance of such chamber or channels or such like helps to further eliminate unnecessary surfaces or regions of a sealing device which may become subject to bio-film growth, or which would need to be cleaned to ensure sanitary or hygienic conditions are maintained by the sealing surface of the device.

[0173] Still further, it may be particularly advantageous for an indicator of the presence of a fluid upon the sealing surface to which the fluid is exposed. Such an indicator may provide for at least a visual indication of the presence of a fluid exposed to the sealing surface (e.g., a binary indication being either pressure at least above a predetermined minimum pressure ora first threshold pressure, or no pressure or at least a pressure which is below a predetermined minimum pressure or below the first threshold pressure), and / or where the indicator may also provide for a variation in its visual indication as to the extent of the pressure of the fluid being retained by the sealing device. Advantageously, the seal may provide for a staged reflex in response to being subjected to a first source of pressure against a fluid sealing side of the seal body (being a first side of the seal body). For example, such a staged reflex may be a response in which an indicator may be at least projected of an initial length or initial distance or initial extension from a distal end of an aperture through a restraining member used to retain or help secure the seal in place on the process component 33 (when subjected to a first source of pressure at or above a first threshold pressure but below a second threshold pressure). Further, the staged reflex may be a response in which the indicator moves to a greater length or distance beyond the distal end of the aperture, or to a further extension, when subjected to a first source of pressure at or above a second threshold pressure.

[0174] The indicator is provided to allow for a visual inspection of the presence or absence of pressure within the process component 33 or a pressure on the first surface side of the seal body. Accordingly, such a visual inspection or visual indication provides the inspector or operator with a visual warning of whether the process component 33 is at pressure. As such, if the process component 33 is at pressure, then the operator is made aware and can take suitable steps to relieve the pressure or be made aware prior to opening the process component 33.

[0175] With reference to Figures 1 to 15, in one embodiment, there is provided a seal, such as a diaphragm seal 1. The diaphragm seal 1 comprising a sealing body 2. The sealing body 2 comprising of a first surface 3, and a substantially opposing second surface 4. The first surface 3 to be provided to substantially face or be exposed, in-use, to a first source of pressure 30 (Pl). The second surface 4 to be provided to substantially face or to be exposed, in-use, to a second source of pressure 1(P2). Each of the first and second surfaces 3, 4 configured for forming of a seal, in-use, substantially about a perimeter portion 5. The first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 comprises at least a first zone 6 located substantially centrally on the first surface 3 and at least a second zone 7 located substantially outwardly of the first zone 6. The first zone 6 and the second zone 7 separated from each other by an intermediate region 8, such that:- the first zone 6 is deflectable from an initial undeflected position or shape (such as that shown in Figures 1 to 3) to a subsequent deflected position or shape when at least the first zone 6 of the first surface 3 is, wholly or partially, subjected to the first source of pressure Pl at or above a first threshold pressure TP1 and below a second threshold pressure TP2, the intermediate region 8 is configured to allow the second zone 7 to remain substantially unchanged and in an initial undeflected position or shape (such as that shown in Figures 1 to 3), and- the second zone 8 is deflectable from an initial undeflected position or shape (such as that shown in Figures 1 to 3) to a subsequent deflected position or shape when the first zone 6 and the second zone 7, wholly or partially, is subjected to the first source of pressure Pl at or above the second threshold pressure TP2.

[0176] Also, with reference to Figures 1 to 15, and in another embodiment, there is provided a seal, such as a diaphragm seal 1. The diaphragm seal comprising a sealing body 2. The sealing body 2 comprising of a first surface 3 and a substantially opposing second surface 4. The first surface 3 to be provided to substantially face or be exposed, in-use, to a first source of pressure 30 (Pl), and the second surface 4 to be provided to substantially face or to be exposed, in-use, to a second source of pressure 31 (P2). Each of the first and second surfaces 3, 4 configured for forming of a seal substantially about a perimeter portion 5. The first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 comprises at least a first zone 6 located substantially centrally on the first surface 3 and at least a second zone 7 located substantially outwardly of the first zone 6. The first zone 6 and the second zone 7 separated from each other by an intermediate region 8, such that exposure of the first zone 6 (wholly or partially of the surface area of the first zone) of the first surface 3 to a source of pressure at or above at least a first threshold pressure TP1, and below at least a second threshold pressure TP2, deflects the position or shape of first zone 6 of the first surface 3 from an initial position or shape (such as shown in Figures 1 to 3), when exposed to a pressure below the first threshold pressure TP1, to a subsequent first zone deflected position or shape. Deflection (or movement) to the subsequent first zone deflected position or shape being in a direction away from the source of the pressure 30 (Pl) and away from the initial position or shape of the first zone 6 whilst the position or shape of the second zone 7 of the first surface 3 remains substantially unchanged. Furthermore, exposure of at least the first zone 6 of the first surface 3 to a pressure at or above a second threshold pressure TP2 induced adeflection or movement, or deflects (or moves) the first zone 6 and the second zone 7 of the first surface 3 from their initial position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape, the deflection to the subsequent deflected position or shape being in a direction away from the source of the pressure 30 (Pl) and away from the initial position or shape of the first zone and second zone.

[0177] Also, with reference to Figures 1 to 15, and in another embodiment, there is provided a seal, such as a diaphragm seal 1. The diaphragm seal 1 comprising a sealing body 2. The sealing body 2 comprising of a first surface 3 and a substantially opposing second surface 4 with a sealing body thickness therebetween. The first surface 3 to be provided to substantially face or be exposed, in-use, to a first fluid, and the second surface 4 to be provided to substantially face or to be exposed, in-use, to a second fluid. Each of the first and second surfaces 3, 4 configured for sealing substantially about a perimeter portion 5 to substantially retain the first fluid in a defined relationship with the first surface 3, and to substantially retain the second fluid in a defined relationship with the second surface 4. The first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 comprises at least a first zone 6 located substantially centrally on the first surface 3 and at least a second zone 7 located substantially outwardly of the first zone 6. The first zone 6 and the second zone 7 separated from each other by an intermediate region 8. Exposure of the first zone 6 (wholly or partially of the surface area of the first zone) of the first surface 3 to a source of pressure at or above at least a first threshold pressure TP1, and below at least a second threshold pressure TP2, deflects the position or shape of first zone 6 of the first surface 3 from an initial position or shape (such as that shown in Figures 1 to 3), when exposed to a pressure below the first threshold pressure TP1, to a subsequent first zone deflected position or shape. The deflection to the subsequent first zone deflected position or shape being in a direction away from the source of the pressure 30 and away from the initial position or shape of the first zone whilst the position or shape of the second zone 7 of the first surface 3 remains substantially unchanged. Exposure of at least the first zone 6 of the first surface 3 to a pressure at or above a second threshold pressure TP2 deflects the first zone 6 and the second zone 7 of the first surface 3 from their initial position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape, the deflection to the subsequent deflected position or shape being in a direction away from the source of the pressure 30 and away from the initial position or shape of the first zone 6 and second zone 7.

[0178] The first source of pressure 30 would be via a fluid (liquid or gas) that is provided in exposure to the first surface 3 of the sealing body 2. For example, the first fluid would be within a pipe or the process component 33 to which the seal 1 is secured. The second source of pressure 31 would be via a fluid (liquid or gas) that is provided in exposure to the second surface 4 of the seal body 2. For example, the second fluid may be that of a surrounding environment outside of the process component 33, for example may be air if the seal 1 is secured to the end of a pipe or process component 33 in a typical process plant, or could be operating in a modified gaseous environment (for example if the environment is operated in a negative pressure or a positive pressure environment, or if other gases are used in the surrounding environment). It will be appreciated that reference to pressures or threshold pressures may be relative pressures rather than absolute pressures. For example, the pressure differential between the pressure of the first source of pressure 30 and the second source of pressure 31.

[0179] The first threshold pressure TP1 is to a relative pressure differential between the first pressure source and the second pressure source, while the second threshold pressure TP2 is a relative pressure differential between the first pressure source and the second pressure source.

[0180] The first surface 3 and second surface 4 may be separated from each other by a sealing body thickness therebetween, such as a thickness of material of the sealing body between the respective first and second surfaces 3, 4. The sealing body 2 may be formed of a relatively flexible material, for example may be a silicone material, for example a Pharmaceutical Grade US Class VI silicone, or may be a natural rubber, or may be a polyurethane, or may be a synthetic rubber polymer such as for example those known as an EPDM rubber (ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber) or a fluorocarbon (FKM) (such as known under the trade name of Viton™ of the Chemors Company) or a polychloroprene (such as known under the trade name of Neoprene), or Nitrile, or other flexible materials. The sealing body 2 can be formed from any suitable material known that may be flexible, elastic and substantially resilient and able to withstand temperatures and pressures of fluids being retained by the seal, including having a high degree of chemical resistance. The sealing body 2 should be formed of suitable material to be able to withstand cycling of temperature and pressures and exposure to a variety of corrosive chemicals. The sealing body 2 may beformed of suitable material depending on the chemicals to be retained and the environment in which the seal is to be used.

[0181] The seal to be formed by each of the first and second surfaces, such as at the perimeter portion 5 of the seal body 2 may be to substantially retain the or a first fluid in a defined relationship with the first surface 3, and to substantially retain the or a second fluid in a defined relationship with the second surface 4. In this manner, a fluid-tight seal is to be provided by the sealing body 2 when in an installed configuration, to retain the first fluid within a process component 33 and prevent the first fluid from leaking out. The seal to be provided at the perimeter portion 5 can be achieved via a flange portion 9.

[0182] The seal to be formed by the first surface 3 is to substantially retain the first fluid in a defined relationship with the first surface 3. While the seal to be formed by the second surface 4 is to substantially retain the second fluid in a defined relationship with the second surface 4. In this manner, a fluid-tight seal is provided about the seal body to prevent a fluid exposed the first surface 3 from leaking out to the second surface 4, and vice-versa.

[0183] The flange portion 9 can have one or more surface feature(s) about the first surface 3 and the second surface 4, to provide for respective sealing surfaces to which seals can be made, when the sealing body is to be put into use, and restrained in place with a restraining member 10.

[0184] The one or more surface feature(s) can be male or female shapes suitable for sealing receipt with an opposing component which is to be placed in sealing engagement therewith. For example, surface feature(s) can be integrally formed as part of the seal body, and may be one or more of the following: an O-ring, or a gasket, or a lip seal, or an upstanding wall of a width and height or shape suitable for sealing receipt with an opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement therewith. Advantageously, forming these as integrally as the sealing body 2 maintains relative positing of these surface features with respect to other features of the seal body to enable dimensional stability of the product overall. Providing separate parts as part of a seal system has challenges with their relative dimensional stability or positioning, especially when a seal body is secured in place to a process component 33 and then removed again, as a number of cycles (i.e., on and off can result in wear and tear and inadvertent poor positioning of separate seal systems when provided as separate component parts).

[0185] The opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement with the first surface may be a process component 33, such as an opening of a conduit or a pipe or a tube or another unit operation (for example at a transfer panel, also known as flow diversion panels or flowverters or swing panels, which provide for methods of directing fluid flow during production or cleaning, or for terminating or sealing the end of a pipe).

[0186] In some embodiments, as for example shown by Figures 1 to 3, the first zone 6 can be substantially circular in shape. The intermediate region 8 may be substantially of an annular shape, and can be located to be radially outward of the first zone 6 and radially inward of the second zone 7.

[0187] The intermediate region 8 may be formed so as to be an annulus of the first zone 6 and second zone 7.

[0188] When a pressure is exposed to at least the first zone 6 of the first surface 2 that is at or above the first threshold pressure TP1 and below the second threshold pressure TP2, the intermediate region 8 is configured to allows for at least some independence of the first zone 6 to move or be deflected from an initial position or shape to a subsequent first zone position or shape without substantially altering an initial position or shape of the second zone 7. In this manner, the first zone 6 may be at least partially independently deflectable or moveable of the second zone 7, such that the first zone 6 can be deflectable or moveable from an initial position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape, in response to the first zone 6 being wholly or partially subjected to a source of pressure that is at or above at least the first threshold pressure TP1, and yet below at least the second threshold pressure TP2.

[0189] As for example is shown in Figures 1 to 3, the first zone 6 can be substantially planar or formed as a substantially a flat surface. The first zone 6 may have surface features spaced about its surface, however the first zone 6 advantageously is formed as a relatively solid form or firm body such that deflection or movement of the first zone deflects or moves substantially the entirety of the first zone from an initial position or shape to a subsequent position or shape in a substantially consistent (and repeatable) manner.

[0190] The intermediate region 8 can be provided as a region that is formed to be substantially recessed from the first zone 6.

[0191] In various embodiments, the intermediate region 8 may be one or more of the following: a region of relatively reduced thickness (or reduced cross-section), relative to a thickness (or cross-section) of one or both of the first zone and / or the second zone (of the seal body), a region of relatively greater flexibility, relative to a flexibility of the first zone and / or the second zone (of the seal body), a region of greater elasticity (i.e. deforms more easily and elastically), relative to one or both of the first zone and / or the second zone (of the seal body), a region of relative preferential flexure, a region of preferential bending, an inflection point of the sealing body or the first surface of the sealing body when traversing from the first zone of the first surface of the sealing body along the first surface and toward the second zone of the sealing body, a bellowed portion, a recess or channel shaped portion (when viewed from the first surface side of the sealing body), a discontinuity (e.g. of curvature or profile) between the first zone and the second zone.

[0192] The intermediate region 8, or a junction between the first zone and the intermediate region and / or a junction between the second zone and the intermediate region, advantageously allows for the first zone to be at least independently deflectable or moveable from an initial position or initial shape to a subsequent position or subsequent shape, the initial position or initial shape of the first zone being when the first zone is when subjected to a pressure below a first threshold pressure TP1; and, the subsequent position or subsequent shape of the first zone with respect to its initial position or shape being when the pressure at the first source of pressure is elevated to a pressure at or above the first threshold pressure. The intermediate region 8 can allow for a localised bending to allow for the first zone 6 to deflect or move independently of the second zone 7, at least when exposed to a threshold pressure at or above the first threshold pressure but below the second threshold pressure TP2.

[0193] Further, exposure of the first zone 6 and the second zone 7 to a pressure at or above the second threshold pressure TP2, yields a deflection or movement of both the first zone and second zone from their initial positions or initial shapes to a subsequent position or subsequent shape.

[0194] It will be appreciated the first threshold pressure TP1 can be a first activation pressure for deflecting or moving of the first zone 6 from an initial position or shape to a subsequent position or shape. Similarly, it will be appreciated the second threshold pressureTP2 can be a second activation pressure for deflecting or moving of the first and second zones to a subsequent position or shape.

[0195] In various embodiments, the first threshold pressure can be a pressure of about 5 psi (pounds per square inch), or may be a pressure of about 1 to about 50 psi, or may be any of the following: may be a pressure of greater than about 1 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 2 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 3 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 4 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 5 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 50 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 45 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 40 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 35 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 30 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 25 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 20 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 15 psi, or may be a pressure of less than about 10 psi.

[0196] In various embodiments, the second threshold pressure can be a pressure of about 5 psi to about 200 psi, or may be a pressure of about 10 psi to about 15 psi, or may be any of the following: may be a pressure of greater than about 10 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 20 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 30 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 40 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 50 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 75 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 100 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 125 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 150 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 175 psi, or may be a pressure of greater than about 200 psi.

[0197] The second zone 7 can be an outwardly flared skirt portion (as seen in at least Figures 1 to 3) that extends radially outwardly from the first zone 6 and the intermediate region 8. Preferably, the second zone 7 substantially forms a dome (or truncated dome) or shell, defining volume 27. It will be appreciated that a dome (or shell) form is well suited as a structure for resisting an applied pressure, and may significantly contribute to the relatively lower deformability of the second zone 7, when compared to the relatively higher deformability of intermediate zone 8. The second zone 7 (as the flared skirt portion) terminates in a flange portion at the outer perimeter sealing portion 5.

[0198] The outer perimeter portion of the sealing body 2 is configured for sealing. The first surface 3 side of the sealing body 2 outer perimeter 5 may, in-use, form a seal against orwith the end of a process component, and the second surface 4 side of the sealing body 4 outer perimeter 5 may, in-use, form a seal against or with a restraining member 10 (configured to restrain the sealing body 2 in a sealed configuration against or with the end of a process component, such as an end of a process component opening, e.g. a pipe end).

[0199] In relation to an opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement with the seal body 2, one example is a restraining member 10, such as that shown in Figures 5 to 8.

[0200] For example, an opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement with at least an outer portion of the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2 can be a restraining member. When used together with the diaphragm seal 1, such a restraining member 10 can provide for the secure (but removable) mounting to, at, or with, the opening of the process component.

[0201] Removable mounting enables for the seal 1 to be provided at the opening of a process component, and then removed as required.

[0202] Quick fittings, such as those known as union clamps or tri-clamps, may be used to mount the diaphragm seal at or to the opening of a process component. Such fittings can be used to engage with a surface of the retaining member (i.e., the opposing component) and the terminal end of a process component. Union clamps and tri-clamps are well known and understood along with their usage and method of application. Their application to securing an opposing component or retraining member such as that labelled as item 10 in Figures 5-8 will be readily recognized.

[0203] A restraining member, such as that shown in Figures 5 to 8, are compatible for sealing engagement with the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2. For example, for sealing engagement with a flange portion comprising of one or more surface feature(s) about the second surface of the sealing body.

[0204] The restraining member 10 can have a restraining body 11 comprising of a first surface 13 and a substantially opposing second surface 12, the second surface 12 of the restraining body 10 to substantially face the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2.

[0205] The restraining member 10 can comprise of at least one aperture 14 that extends through the restraining body 11 (the aperture to extend between the first surface 13 and second surface 12 of the restraining body 11).

[0206] Such an aperture 14 can be located substantially centrally on the restraining body (or at least centrally on or of the second surface 12). In one embodiment, there may be a single aperture that is located substantially centrally.

[0207] The second surface 12 of the restraining member 10 has an interior facing surface, to face the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2, in-use. The interior facing surface can provide for a support surface upon which the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2 may be at least partially engageable in-use. For example, the interior facing surface can be of a predetermined suitable or compatible shape to receive and accommodate sealing features of the sealing body 2, especially those of the second surface 4. For example, the interior facing surface of the restraining member 10 may be of a DIN end cap compatible standard, so as to provide for an industry standard set of features to seal with the outer perimeter of the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2. In this manner, a fluid tight seal can be provided when the restraining member is brought to bear upon the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2. Then, in-use, clamping systems such as union clamps or tri-clamps 35 can be used to secure the assembled restraining member 10 and seal 1 to the opening of a process component.

[0208] The support surface of the restraining member 10 may be of a profile such that when the first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 is not exposed or subjected to an elevated pressure of a fluid or of a first source or pressure (i.e., is in a non-pressurised condition), a cavity volume 27 may be defined between at least the inner region of the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2 and the support surface of the restraining member 10, and when the first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 is exposed to a fluid or is in a pressurised condition, the cavity volume may be reduced.

[0209] The cavity volume may be varied according to the relative position of the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2 with respect to the support surface of the restraining member 10.

[0210] The support surface of the restraining member 10 may have a surface profile configured to accommodate, partially or wholly, a profile of the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2.

[0211] The support surface of the restraining member advantageously has a profile to accommodate at least an inner region of the second surface of the sealing body, or to accommodate at least an outer region of the second surface of the sealing body.

[0212] The restraining member support surface may be at least partially engaged by at least a part of the second surface of the sealing body when the first surface of the sealing body is subjected to the first source of pressure, optionally when the first source of pressure may be at or above the second threshold pressure.

[0213] The restraining member 10 may be a substantially rigid member, for example may be formed of one or more of: a plastic material, copper, brass, mild steel, and stainless steel.

[0214] As noted above, the restraining member 10 can be compatible as an end cap, for example may be compatible as a DIN standard type end cap.

[0215] The aperture 14 is provided to extend as an upstand 15 from the first surface of the restraining member 10, the upstand 15 being a hollow body that projects from a base end 16 at the first surface 13 of the restraining body 11 to a distal tip end 18.

[0216] Side walls 17 (being inner side walls) of the aperture 14 through the restraining member 10, and side walls (being inner side walls) of the upstand 17, may act or operate to guide or provide a guide to a projection 20 of the sealing body 2 in a defined pathway.

[0217] For example, when the projection 20 is to be moved relative to the restraining member 10 when the first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 is subjected to an elevated pressure, such as a pressure at or above a first threshold pressure TP1, or when the first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 is relieved of an elevated pressure to a pressure below a second threshold pressure TP2 (or below a first threshold pressure TP1).

[0218] Side walls 17 of the aperture 14 and side walls 17 of the upstand 15, may support an aligned (such as an axial) movement of the projection 20 of the sealing body 2 to move within the aperture 20.

[0219] The upstand 15 can comprise of a flange 22 or flared shoulder at or substantially toward the distal tip end 18. The flange 22 or flared shoulder may extend outwardly (such as radially outwardly) of the upstand.

[0220] For example, the upstand with flange 22 or flared shoulder may provide for a for a gripping portion for a user to obtain a purchase or grip of the restraining member 10, forexample to enable easier removal of the retraining member 10 and sealing body 2 from an installed (i.e., in-use) position. This may facilitate for a tool-less removal ability of the seal 1 from a mounted or secured position (when the mounting or securement system is also removed). Advantageously, provision of a system for improving the tool-less removal of seals from the terminal ends of pipes (including for example at transfer panels) is important in clean room type environments where tool use is discouraged, and as the use of tools by a user to pry a seal off the end of a pipe may impinge or damage the sealing portions, thereby compromising seals.

[0221] The sealing body 2 may have a projection 20 extending from the second surface 4.

[0222] Such a projection 20 can be located about the second surface 4 to be aligned with the at least one aperture 14 provided through a restraining member 10 and to extend through the aperture 14 to provide an indication of a fluid pressure (such as the first source of pressure) that, in-use, may act upon the first surface of the sealing body.

[0223] For example, the projection 20 may include an indicator surface 34, as shown in Figure 12A. The projection 20 may be configured such that indicator surface 34 is almost flush, but slightly lower, than the end cap flange surface 22, when the pressure 30 is below TP1. In such configurations, an observer can easily ascertain that the pressure is low (i.e. below TP1).

[0224] In alternative forms the projection 20 may configured such that indicator surface 34 is flush with the end cap flange surface 22, when the pressure 30 is below TP1.

[0225] In still other forms, the projection 20 may be configured such that indicator surface 34 is substantially flush with an adjacent surface, when the pressure 30 is below TP1.

[0226] With reference to Figure 12B, the projection 20 and associated indicator surface 34, is shown displaced (upwards) a first distance. It will be readily appreciated that this provides a user / operator with a visual indicator that the process component is under elevated pressure. In particular, the first displacement distance may indicate the pressure is above TP1 and below TP2 for example.

[0227] With reference to Figure 12C, the projection 20 and associated indicator surface 34, is shown displaced (upwards) a second distance. It will be readily appreciated that this provides a user / operator with a visual indicator that the process component is underelevated pressure. In particular, the second displacement distance may indicate the pressure is above TP2, as the projection and indicator surface 34 are significantly displaced, with the stop 23 suitably co-located or received by the restraining member.

[0228] The extent to which the projection 20 may extend outwardly from the at least one aperture 14 may be substantially indicative of the first source of pressure exerted upon the first surface of the sealing body.

[0229] The projection 20 is configured to extend through the at least one aperture 14 of the restraining member 10 to provide for a visual indicator of the presence of a fluid (such as the first source of pressure) at an elevated pressure condition on the first surface of the sealing body (optionally when the fluid is the first source of pressure and the elevated pressure condition may be a pressure condition at or above the first threshold pressure (and optionally may be below the second threshold pressure), or the elevated pressure condition may be a pressure condition at or above the second threshold pressure).

[0230] The projection 20 can have a raised surface profile extending from the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2. For example, the projection 2 may be in the form of an elongate member, such as a stalk-type or finger shape or stem.

[0231] The projection 20 may extend from the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2 of a sufficient length so as to project through and beyond a distal end 17 of the corresponding at least one aperture 14, when the first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 is subjected to the first source of pressure at an elevated pressure condition (optionally when the fluid is the first source of pressure and the elevated pressure condition may be a pressure condition at or above the first threshold pressure TP1 (and optionally may be below the second threshold pressure TP2), or the elevated pressure condition may be a pressure condition at or above the second threshold pressure TP2).

[0232] In one embodiment, there is a single projection 20.

[0233] The projection 20 can be substantially centrally located on or through the second surface 4 (or is centrally located on or through the first surface 3) of the restraining member 10.

[0234] The sealing body 2 may have a base located upon the second surface and the projection extends from the base.

[0235] The sealing body may have a stop 23 at a base of the projection, the stop 23 providing a surface to contact the support surface of the restraining member when the sealing device 2 is in a pressurised condition, such as at or above a second threshold pressure TP2.

[0236] The stop 23 can be dimensioned so as to be unable to extend into or through the restraining member aperture 14.

[0237] The stop 23 can be a substantially thickened portion of the sealing body thickness.

[0238] The support surface 12 of the restraining member 10 can be profiled so as to receive or accommodate the stop 23, in correspondingly shaped recess 28. That is, the support surface surrounding of the aperture 14 can be dimensioned so as to receive or accommodate the stop, for example would be an enlarged or different shaped region 28 of the support surface that is machined or formed to accept a reciprocal shape of the stop 23.

[0239] The stop 23 and the support surface 12 are configured so as to substantially co-locate or substantially mate with each other, when the first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 is exposed to a first source of pressure that is at or above a first threshold pressure TP, more preferably when at or above the second threshold pressure TP2.

[0240] For example, as shown in Figure 12C, the stop 23 is co-located and accommodated into the recess 28 of the restraining member when the sealing body is exposed to a source of pressure that is at or greater than the second threshold pressure, TP2. In this way, the stop can mate or be suitably received into the recess of the restraining member. The stop 23 can be accordingly seated in place and substantially form a seal with the opposing surface of the restraining member.

[0241] The projection 20 or at least a part of the projection may be of a visually contrasting colour, or a distinctive colour, compared to a restraining member, to provide for a contrast state that is visually discernible to a user or operator.

[0242] The sealing body 2 can further comprise of an annular rib 24 or raised surface profile located at a base of the projection 20, optionally as the junction between the projection 20 and the stop 23. In this manner, in a pressurised condition the rib 24 may be adapted to colocate substantially into or about the aperture 14 of the restraining member 10 to seal an annular space 29 between the aperture 14 and the projection 20. In this way, when the stop23 is co-located or accommodated at the support surface 12 of the restraining member 10, the annular rib 24 forms a seal (advantageously is a fluid-tight seal) between the junction of the projection 20 and the aperture 14 (or inner side walls 17 of the aperture 14).

[0243] The projection 20 of the sealing body 2 can further comprise a shoulder 21, for example in the form of a lip or a flange, at a distal (outer) end of said projection 20, (for example is an annular shape, but may be any suitable shape) optionally such that the shoulder 21 is configured to seal against or with the restraining member 10 when the first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 is in an unpressurised condition, or is exposed to a pressure less than a first threshold pressure TP1. In this manner, the shoulder 21 may seat (or be seated) substantially against or with a distal end part of the aperture 14.

[0244] The restraining member 10 can itself further comprise an annular shoulder 25 (such as a rib) extending substantially inwardly or about the aperture 14 (that is inwardly of the inner side walls 17 of the aperture), and which is configured to provide a seating surface 26 upon which the shoulder (that is an underside surface of the shoulder) of the projection 20 can be seated thereon (such as when the first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 is in an unpressurised condition, or is exposed to a pressure less than a first threshold pressure TP1).

[0245] The annular shoulder 25 can be recessed or set back from the distal end 18 of the aperture 14.

[0246] The shoulder 21 of the projection 20 can form a seal (such as a fluid-tight seal) with the annular shoulder 25 of the aperture 14.

[0247] In-use, a distal end of the projection 20 may be substantially flush with a distal end of the upstand, such as when the first surface 3 of the sealing body 2 is in an unpressurised condition, or is exposed to a pressure less than a first threshold pressure TP1. In this way, in an unpressurised condition, the projection (when seated upon the annular shoulder 25) can form a seal to help reduce the chances of fluid ingress from a surrounding environment into a cavity volume space defined between the second surface 4 of the sealing body 2 and the surface 12 of the restraining member 10.

[0248] An annular gap or space 29 may be provided between the projection of the sealing body and the aperture of the restraining member to allow for substantially restriction free movement, or freedom of movement, of the projection through the aperture space.

[0249] An inner region of the sealing body 2 may comprise a curved annular portion between a central portion and a perimeter portion, so that the first and second surfaces of the sealing body may be substantially curved outwardly forming a dome or shell (for example the shape of the sealing body may be substantially frusto-conical, or dome-shaped, when viewed as a side view in a direction extending from a perimeter portion of the sealing body that may be located substantially adjacent or in sealing engagement with a perimeter of a restraining member, through a second zone and to substantially the first zone). Further, the annular shoulder 25 may act as a wiper as the projection 20 moves past it, thereby acting to clean the projection by wiping the outer surface of the projection. It is preferable that the seal resists contamination entering. For example, the annular shoulder 25 acting as a wiper can help to physically wipe the surface of the projection as the projection 20 moves past the annular shoulder. In this way, any material which may attach itself to the surface of the projection can be removed and avoid entering the cavity volume. In this way, ingress of contaminants or other unwanted materials into the cavity space can be minimised or avoided, helping to maintain a clean or sanitary condition. Furthermore, where for example chemical cleaning solutions may be used, such materials may be sprayed and contact the outside surface of the projection or the restraining member. Wiping away such materials to avoid ingress into the cavity volume avoids accumulation of materials into the cavity volume, thereby further helping to continue unimpeded operation of the sealing body.

[0250] The sealing body may be formed so as to be biased to resist deflection or movement of the sealing body toward the support surface of the restraining member, for example such that the first zone of the sealing body may have an initial resistance to deflection from an initial position or shape in response when being subjected to a first source of pressure, and for example such that the second zone of the sealing body has a different initial resistance to deflection from an initial position or shape when being subjected to the first source of pressure.

[0251] The sealing body may be substantially elastically deformable or deflectable.

[0252] The sealing body may be moveable or deflectable by elastic deformation upon influence of the first source of pressure or a fluid upon the first surface, such as the first zone or first zone and the second zone of the first surface of the sealing body.

[0253] The first zone of the sealing body may be substantially more resiliently flexible or substantially more elastically deformable or substantially more deflectable than the second zone. For example, the dome or shell form of the second zone may contribute to the relatively lower deformability of the second zone 7, when compared to at least the relatively higher deformability of intermediate zone 8. It will be appreciated that the dome or shell form of the second zone may lead to at least partial 'collapse' or buckling of that structure at higher pressures, that lead to higher deformation. For example, the dome or shell form of the second zone may collapse and or buckle above TP2, and this type of deformation may contribute to the 2-stage and / or inflection point properties of the seal deflection characteristics described.

[0254] The first zone may be substantially more elastically deformable or deflectable under influence of a first source of pressure than the second zone.

[0255] The first zone may be preferentially relatively more deformable or deflectable (relative to the second zone) when under influence or when subjected to a first source of pressure at or above a first threshold pressure and below a second threshold pressure, or when under the influence or when subjected to a first source of pressure below a second threshold pressure relative to the second zone).

[0256] The sealing body may be a unitary member.

[0257] The diaphragm seal may operate to securely seal an open end of a pipe (or seal an opening at a transfer panel).

[0258] The diaphragm seal may operate as a pressure variable control valve or a non-return valve to control a flow of fluid, depending upon a first source of pressure subjected to the first surface of the sealing body.

[0259] Subjecting the first surface of the sealing body to a pressure at or above a first threshold pressure, may deflect the first surface of the sealing body from a nominally closed position to a nominally open position. A nominally open position may be at least dependent on the first source of pressure being elevated to be at least, at or above, a first threshold pressure, while a nominally closed position may be at least dependent on the first source of pressure being reduced to be below a first threshold pressure.

[0260] In embodiments as described above, such a seal 1 can be used in combination with a restraining member, such as that shown as item 10 in the figures. Further embodiments are contemplated in which the functional operability of the seal 1 as described with reference to the first, second and third aspects, is provided in the form of a valve, such as a non-return valve or a valve which is configured to operate (such as with the nominal opening when exposed to a pressure at or above a first threshold pressure as mentioned above).

[0261] In these further contemplated embodiments, the seal 1 may not require the projection 20 or features associated with a projection 20 (although this may be provided), and a restraining member may not require an aperture to extend through its body (although at least one aperture may be provided).

[0262] Figures 16 to 18 illustrate an embodiment in which the seal 1 is provided at the outlet of a process component (in this case as a valve seal). A restraining member is not shown but would be connected to sealingly engage with the second surface 4 of the seal body 2 and be used to securely retain the seal 1 in place against the process component.

[0263] As is for example shown in Figure 16, the first zone 6 of the first surface 3 of the seal body 2 may seal against the outlet of a process component, such as a pipe. Suitable sealing features may be provided at the outlet of the process component or about a region of the first zone to enable suitable fluid-tight sealing. The resistance to deflection by the seal body can be used to ensure the first zone is seated suitably against the outlet of the process component. The indicative arrow 35 in Figure 16 shows the intended direction of flow of a process fluid as the first source of pressure, having a pressure 30 (Pl). The seal 1 is shown in a nominally closed position (seated on valve seat 50), preventing the flow of fluid downstream and also preventing the flow of fluid back upstream from a downstream position of the seal 1.

[0264] As the pressure 30 (Pl) is increased, for example so that Pl is at or exceeds a first threshold pressure TP1, the first zone 6 overcomes a resistance by the sealing body 2, and can be deflected or moved from its initial position to a subsequent position to allow for an opening of the fluid flow pathway. A flow of fluid is then allowed. Figure 17 illustrates such a subsequent position or schematic shape of the first zone in which the first zone is unseated from its (seated) closed nominal position. If the pressure of Pl is below a second threshold pressure TP2, but at or above a first threshold pressure TP1, then the first zone can beactivated and moved from an initial position to a subsequent position, thus allowing the flow of fluid and a partial nominal opening.

[0265] As the pressure 30 (Pl) is further increased, for example so that Pl is elevated to meet (i.e., is at) or exceeds a second threshold pressure TP2, then the first surface of the sealing body can further deflect or move to an even further subsequent position to provide for an even greater opening of the nominal opening. In this manner, a greater flow of fluid is allowed (or resistance to flow by the seal body is further reduced). For example, such as the illustrative only figure arrangement shown by Figure 18. In this Figure, the at least partial collapse or buckling of the second zone 7, is illustrated.

[0266] When the pressure 30 (Pl) reduces, as the seal body is configured to resist deflection or deformation, the seal body can elastically return to a reduced nominal opening configuration. For example, the pressure Pl may be reduced to below the second threshold pressure TP2 and the seal body may return to a position or shape such that the first zone may be in a deflected or moved position, but the second zone of the seal body 2 may return to its initial non-deflected or non-moved position prior to being exposed to a pressure at or above the second threshold pressure TP2. Even further, if the pressure Pl (at an inlet side of a valve or non-return valve) reduces to below the first threshold pressure TP1, then the first zone can return to its initial non-deflected or non-moved position and be re-seated and sealed against the opening of the process component to provide for a nominally closed position (such as that of Figure 16). In the Figure 16, when the seal is in a seated and nominally closed position, there is substantially no flow of the process fluid. Reference is made to the prior embodiments in which a seal 1 is described having a resistive force against deformation.

[0267] In various embodiments, when used as a valve or non-return valve, and when a restraining member is used without an aperture (i.e., a standard end cap is used to secure the seal 1 in place at the outlet of the process component) an aperture may be provided in a side wall of the sealing body 2 in the second zone to allow for an equalisation of the pressure within the cavity volume defined between the second surface 4 of the seal body 2 and an interior facing side of an end cap or a restraining body, and a pressure downstream of the seal body.

[0268] The seal body 2 may optionally comprise of at least one aperture, such as that indicated as item 40 in Figures 16 to 18, such as in the form of a leak path or pressure reliever. Such an aperture may be provided through the seal body between the first surface and the second surface. Optionally, the aperture 40 can be provided through second zone. Advantageously, such a configuration is provided when the seal is to be used as a non-return valve.

[0269] The aperture may allow for an equalisation of pressure between a pressure of a fluid within a cavity volume 27 (not shown in Figures 16-18, but substantially equivalent to 27 as shown in Figure 12A) bounded between the second surface of the sealing body 2 and a first surface of a restraining member 10, and a pressure of the fluid downstream of seal body. In this manner, as the pressure of a fluid on the second surface of the sealing body 2 is relieved or reduces, the threshold pressure (being either or both of the first threshold pressure and / or the second threshold pressure) can be reduced as to the pressure (or force) required to deflect one or more of the first zone, or the intermediate region, or the second zone, or combinations of one or more of these from an initial position or shape to a subsequent position or shape. Similarly, as the pressure subjected to the second surface of the sealing body in a cavity volume 27 bounded between the second surface of the sealing body and a first surface of a restraining member increases, the threshold pressure (being either or both of the first threshold pressure and / or the second threshold pressure) can be increased as to the pressure (or force) required to deflect one or more of the first zone, or the intermediate region, or the second zone, or combinations of one or more of these from an initial position or shape to a subsequent position or shape.

[0270] According to the above, it will be appreciated the aperture 40 can allow for the equalisation of the pressure between a fluid in the cavity volume 27 and an outlet side of a valve arrangement, as for example shown in Figures 16 to 18.

[0271] Suitable fittings may be used to secure the seal in place in such an arrangement, or such a valve or non-return valve can be provided as a separate device which is put in-line as with any other valve or non-return valve setup.

[0272] A sealing device according to the present invention is thus particular beneficial for use in the food and beverage industry, however, may find use in other industries such as oil and gas / petro-chemical, automotive industries, pharmaceutical, chemicals, controlled airpressure environments (e.g., in laboratories), or other industries that require a pressure indication for example on actuators and pressure relief valves or non-return valves.

[0273] The foregoing description of the invention includes preferred forms thereof. Modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A diaphragm seal comprising, a sealing body, the sealing body comprising of a first surface and a substantially opposing second surface, the first surface to be provided to substantially face or be exposed, in-use, to a first source of pressure, and the second surface to be provided to substantially face or to be exposed, in-use, to a second source of pressure, each of the first and second surfaces configured for forming of a seal, in-use, substantially about a perimeter portion, wherein the first surface of the sealing body comprises at least a first zone located substantially centrally on the first surface and at least a second zone located substantially outwardly of the first zone, the first zone and the second zone separated from each other by an intermediate region, such that:- the first zone is deflectable from an initial undeflected position or shape to a subsequent position or shape when at least the first zone of the first surface is, wholly or partially, subjected to the first source of pressure at or above a first threshold pressure and below a second threshold pressure, the intermediate region configured to allow the second zone to remain substantially unchanged and in an initial undeflected position or shape, and- the second zone is deflectable from an initial undeflected position or shape to a subsequent position or shape when the first zone and the second zone, wholly or partially, is subjected to the first source of pressure at or above the second threshold pressure.

2. A diaphragm seal comprising, a sealing body, the sealing body comprising of a first surface and a substantially opposing second surface, the first surface to be provided to substantially face or be exposed, in-use, to a first source of pressure, and the second surface to be provided to substantially face or to be exposed, in-use, to a second source of pressure, each of the first and second surfaces configured for forming of a seal substantially about a perimeter portion,wherein the first surface of the sealing body comprises at least a first zone located substantially centrally on the first surface and at least a second zone located substantially outwardly of the first zone, the first zone and the second zone separated from each other by an intermediate region, such that exposure of the first zone (wholly or partially of the surface area of the first zone) of the first surface to a source of pressure at or above at least a first threshold pressure, and below at least a second threshold pressure, deflects the position or shape of first zone of the first surface from an initial position or shape, when exposed to a pressure below the first threshold pressure, to a subsequent first zone deflected position or shape, the deflection to the subsequent first zone deflected position or shape being in a direction away from the source of the pressure and away from the initial position or shape of the first zone whilst the position or shape of the second zone of the first surface remains substantially unchanged, and wherein exposure of at least the first zone of the first surface to a pressure at or above a second threshold pressure deflects the first zone and the second zone of the first surface from their initial position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape, the deflection to the subsequent deflected position or shape being in a direction away from the source of the pressure and away from the initial position or shape of the first zone and second zone.

3. The seal of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first surface and second surface are separated by a sealing body thickness therebetween.

4. The seal of any one of claims 1-3, wherein a seal to be formed by each of the first and second surfaces is to substantially retain the first fluid in a defined relationship with the first surface, and to substantially retain the second fluid in a defined relationship with the second surface.

5. The seal of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the seal to be formed by the first surface is to substantially retain the first fluid in a defined relationship with the first surface.

6. The seal of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the seal to be formed by the second surface is to substantially retain the second fluid in a defined relationship with the second surface.

7. The seal of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the seal to be formed by the first surface and the second surface provide for fluid-tight seals.

8. The seal of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the first source of pressure is from a first fluid.

9. The seal of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the second source of pressure is from a second fluid.

10. The seal of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the intermediate region is radially outward of the first zone and radially inward of the second zone.

11. The seal of any one of claims 1-10, wherein the intermediate region is an annulus of the first zone and second zone.

12. The seal of any one of claims 1-11, wherein the intermediate region allows for at least some independence of the first zone to move or be deflected from an initial position or shape to a subsequent first zone position or shape without substantially altering an initial position or shape of the second zone, when a pressure exposed to at least the first zone of the first surface is at or above the first threshold pressure and below the second threshold pressure.

13. The seal of any one of claims 1-12, wherein the first zone is at least partially independently deflectable or moveable of the second zone, the first zone deflectable or moveable from an initial position or shape to a deflected position or shape, in response to the first zone being wholly or partially subjected to a source of pressure at or above at least a first threshold pressure, and below at least a second threshold pressure.

14. The seal of any one of claims 1-13, wherein the first zone of the first surface of the sealing body is a substantially planar or flat surface.

15. The seal of any one of claims 1-14, wherein the intermediate region is a region substantially recessed from the first zone of the first surface.

16. The seal of any one of claims 1-15, wherein the second zone is an outwardly flared skirt portion that extends radially outwardly from the first zone and the intermediate region, to optionally terminate in a flange portion as an outer perimeter sealing portion.

17. The seal of any one of claims 1-16, wherein an outer perimeter portion of the sealing body is configured for sealing, the first surface side of the sealing body outer perimeter to, in-use, form a seal against or with the end of a process component, and the second surface side of the sealing body outer perimeter to, in-use, form a seal against or with a restraining member (configured to restrain the sealing body in a sealed configuration against or with the end of a process component, such as an end of a process component opening, e.g. a pipe end).

18. The seal of any one of claims 1-17, wherein the intermediate region is one or more of: a region of relatively reduced thickness (or reduced cross-section), relative to a thickness (or cross-section) of one or both of the first zone and / or the second zone (of the seal body), a region of relatively greater flexibility, relative to a flexibility of the first zone and / or the second zone (of the seal body), a region of greater elasticity, relative to one or both of the first zone and / or the second zone (of the seal body), a region of relative preferential flexure, a region of preferential bending, an inflexion point of the sealing body or the first surface of the sealing body when traversing from the first zone of the first surface of the sealing body along the first surface and toward the second zone of the sealing body, a bellowed portion, a recess or channel shaped portion (when viewed from the first surface side of the sealing body), a discontinuity between the first zone and the second zone.

19. The seal of any one of claims 1-18, wherein the first threshold pressure is a relative pressure differential between the first pressure source and the second pressure source, and wherein the second threshold pressure is a relative pressure differential between the first pressure source and the second pressure source.

20. The seal of any one of claims 1-19, wherein the sealing body further comprises a flange portion.

21. The seal of claim 20, wherein the flange portion comprises of one or more surface feature(s) about the first surface and the second surface, to provide for respective sealing surfaces to which seals can be made, in-use.

22. The seal of claim 21, wherein the one or more surface feature(s) is one or more of: a) a male or female shape suitable for sealing receipt with an opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement therewith, b) an O-ring, c) a gasket, d) a lip seal, or e) an upstanding wall of a width and height or shape suitable for sealing receipt with an opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement therewith.

23. The seal of claim 22, wherein the opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement with the first surface is a process component.

24. The seal of any one of claims 22-23, wherein the opposing component to be placed in sealing engagement with at least an outer portion of the second surface of the sealing body is a restraining member.

25. The seal of any one of claims 1-24, wherein the diaphragm seal is removably mountable at or to the opening of a process component.

26. The seal of any one of claims 1-25, wherein a restraining member is compatible for sealing engagement with the second surface of the sealing body, for example, for sealing engagement with a flange portion comprising of one or more surface feature(s) about the second surface of the sealing body.

27. The seal of claim 26, wherein the restraining member is a restraining body comprising of a first surface and a substantially opposing second surface, the second surface of the restraining body to substantially face the second surface of the sealing body.

28. The seal of claim 26 or 27, wherein the restraining member comprises at least one aperture extending through the restraining body, between the first surface and second surface of the restraining body.

29. The seal of claim 28, wherein the at least one aperture is located substantially centrally on the restraining body.

30. The seal of any one of claims 27-29, wherein the second surface of the restraining member comprises of an interior facing surface, to face the second surface of the sealing body, in-use, and to provide for a support surface upon which the second surface of the sealing body may be at least partially engageable in-use, and wherein the support surface of the restraining member is of a profile such that when the first surface of the sealing is not exposed or subjected to an elevated pressure of a fluid or of a first source or pressure (i.e., is in a non-pressurised condition), a cavity volume is defined between at least the inner region of the second surface of the sealing body and the support surface of the restraining member, and when the first surface of the sealing body is exposed to a fluid or is in a pressurised condition, the cavity volume is reduced.

31. The seal of claim 30, wherein the support surface of the restraining member has a surface profile configured to accommodate, partially or wholly, a profile of the second surface of the sealing body.

32. The seal of claim 30 or claim 31, wherein the support surface of the restraining member has a profile to accommodate at least an inner region of the second surface of the sealing body, or to accommodate at least an outer region of the second surface of the sealing body.

33. The seal of any one of claims 26-4532, wherein the restraining member is a substantially rigid member, for example may be formed of one or more of: a plastic material, copper, brass, mild steel, and stainless steel.

34. The seal of any one of claims 26-33, wherein the restraining member is compatible as an end cap.

35. The seal of claim 28 or 29, wherein the aperture extends through an upstand from the first surface of the restraining body, the upstand being a hollow body that projects from a base end at the first surface of the restraining body to a distal tip end.

36. The seal as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 35, wherein the sealing body comprises a projection extending from the second surface (of the sealing body), to provide an indication of a fluid pressure that, in-use, may act upon the first surface of the sealing body.

37. The seal of claim 36, wherein side walls of the aperture through the restraining member, and side walls of the upstand, act to guide the projection of the sealing body in a defined pathway, when the projection is moved relative to the restraining member when the first surface of the sealing body is subjected to an elevated pressure, such as a pressure at or above a first threshold pressure, or when the first surface of the sealing body is relieved of an elevated pressure to a pressure below a second threshold pressure (or below a first threshold pressure).

38. The seal of claim 37, wherein side walls of the aperture and side walls of the upstand, support an aligned movement of the projection of the sealing body to move within the aperture.

39. The seal of claim 37 or 38, wherein the upstand comprises a flange or flared shoulder at or substantially toward the distal tip end, and wherein the flange or flared shoulder extends outwardly (such as radially outwardly) of the upstand.

40. The seal as claimed in claim 39, wherein the extent to which the projection extends outwardly from the at least one aperture is substantially indicative of the first source of pressure exerted upon the first surface of the sealing body.

41. The seal of claim 39 or 40, wherein the projection is configured to extend through the at least one aperture of the restraining member to provide for a visual indicator of the presence of a fluid (such as the first source of pressure) at an elevated pressure condition on the first surface of the sealing body (optionally when the fluid is the first source of pressure and the elevated pressure condition may be a pressure condition at or above the first threshold pressure (and optionally may be below the second threshold pressure), or the elevated pressure condition may be a pressure condition at or above the second threshold pressure).

42. The seal of any one of claims 36-41, wherein the projection extends from the second surface of the sealing body of a sufficient length so as to project through and beyond a distal end of the corresponding at least one aperture, when the first surface of the sealing body is subjected to the first source of pressure at an elevated pressure condition at or above thefirst threshold pressure (and optionally may be below the second threshold pressure), or the elevated pressure condition may be a pressure condition at or above the second threshold pressure.

43. The seal of any one of claims 36-42, wherein there is a single projection.

44. The seal of any one of claims 36-43, wherein the projection is substantially centrally located on or through the second surface of the restraining member.

45. The seal of any one of claims 36-44, wherein the sealing body has a base located upon the second surface and the projection extends from the base.

46. The seal of claim any one of claims 36-45, wherein the sealing body has a stop at a base of the projection, the stop providing a surface to contact the support surface of the restraining member when the sealing device is in a pressurised condition.

47. The seal of claim 46, wherein the stop is dimensioned so as to be unable to extend into or through the restraining member aperture.

48. The seal of claim 46 or 47, wherein the stop is a substantially thickened portion of the sealing body.

49. The seal of any one of claims 46-48, wherein the support surface of the restraining member is profiled so as to receive or accommodate the stop.

50. The seal of any one of claims 46-49, wherein the stop and the support surface are configured to substantially co-locate or substantially mate with each other, when the first surface of the sealing body is exposed to a first source of pressure at or above a second threshold pressure.

51. The seal of any one of claims 36-50, wherein the projection or at least a part of the projection is of a visually contrasting colour, or a distinctive colour, compared to a restraining member.

52. The seal of any one of claims 36-51, wherein the sealing body has an annular rib located at a base of the projection, such that in a pressurised condition the rib is adapted to co-locate into the aperture of the restraining member to seal an annular space between the aperture and the projection.

53. The seal of any one of claims 36-52, wherein the projection of the sealing body comprises a shoulder, in the form of a lip or a flange, at a distal (outer) end of said projection.

54. The seal of claim 53, wherein the shoulder is to seat substantially against or with a distal end of the aperture of the restraining member, when the first surface of the sealing body is in an unpressurised condition.

55. The seal of claim 53 or 54, wherein the restraining member comprises an annular shoulder (such as a rib) extending substantially inwardly about the aperture, configured to provide a seating surface upon which the shoulder of the projection can be seated thereon, when the first surface of the sealing body is in an unpressurised condition.

56. The seal of claim 55, wherein the annular shoulder is spaced from the distal end of the aperture.

57. The seal of claim 55 or claim 56, wherein the annular shoulder contacts an outer surface of the projection, to act as a wiper as the projection moves past the annular shoulder.

58. The seal of any one of clams 37-57, wherein a distal end of the projection is substantially flush with a distal end of the upstand, when the first surface of the sealing body is in an unpressurised condition.

59. The seal of any one of claims 37-58, wherein an annular gap or space is provided between the projection of the sealing body and the aperture of the restraining member, with the projection extending through the aperture.

60. The seal of any one of claims 1-59, wherein an inner region of the sealing body comprises a curved annular portion between a central portion and a perimeter portion, so that the first and second surfaces of the sealing body are substantially curved outwardly (for example the shape of the sealing body may be substantially domed or frusto-conical) .

61. The seal of any one of claims 1-60, wherein the sealing body is formed so as to be biased to resist deflection or movement of the sealing body toward the support surface of the restraining member, for example such that the first zone of the sealing body has an initial resistance to deflection from an initial position or shape in response when being subjected to a first source of pressure, and for example such that the second zone of thesealing body has a different initial resistance to deflection from an initial position or shape when being subjected to the first source of pressure.

62. The seal of any one of claims 1-61, wherein the sealing body is substantially elastically deformable or deflectable.

63. The seal of any one of claims 1-62, wherein the first zone of the sealing body is substantially more resiliently flexible or substantially more elastically deformable or substantially more deflectable than the second zone.

64. The seal of any one of claims 1-63, wherein the first zone is substantially more elastically deformable or deflectable under influence of a first source of pressure than the second zone.

65. The seal of any one of claims 1-64, wherein the first zone, or the intermediate region, or a combination of at least the first zone and the intermediate region together, is / are configured to provide for at least a first resistive force that is substantially resistive to yield or deflection or deformation or a movement of at least the first zone from an initial (first zone) undeflected position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape.

66. The seal of any one of claims 1-65, wherein the second zone, or the intermediate region, or a combination of at least the second zone and the intermediate region together, is / are configured to provide for at least a second resistive force that is substantially resistive to yield or deflection or deformation or a movement of at least the second zone from an initial (second zone) undeflected position or shape to a subsequent deflected position or shape.

67. The seal of claim 65 or claim 66, wherein the second resistive force is greater than the first resistive force.

68. A restraining member for a diaphragm seal, comprising: a restraining body comprising of a first surface and a substantially opposing second surface, the second surface of the restraining body to substantially face the second surface of the sealing body, at least one aperture extending through the restraining body, between the first surface and second surface of the restraining body, and extending as an upstand from thefirst surface of the restraining member, the upstand being a hollow body that projects from a base end at the first surface of the restraining body to a distal tip end, and side walls of the aperture through the restraining member, and side walls of the upstand, configured to act or operate to guide or provide a guide to a projection of a sealing body in a defined pathway, for example when the projection is to be moved relative to the restraining member when the first surface of the sealing body is subjected to an elevated pressure, such as a pressure at or above a first threshold pressure, or when the first surface of the sealing body is relieved of an elevated pressure to a pressure below a second threshold pressure, the upstand further comprising a flange or flared shoulder at or substantially toward the distal tip end.

69. A restraining member as claimed in claim 68, wherein the second surface is profiled receive or accommodate a stop of a diaphragm seal.

70. A restraining member as claimed in claim 69, wherein the profile is a recess configured to substantially co-locate or substantially mate with the stop of the diaphragm seal.

71. A restraining member as claimed in claims 68-70, wherein the diaphragm seal is as claimed in any one or more of claims 1 to 67.

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