Magnetic trap purification systems, assemblies, and methods

Abstract

A magnetic trap purification system can include a magnetic field source having a plurality of magnetic flux-enhancing features arranged along a magnetic field source to generate an enhanced magnetic flux density along an exterior surface pathway, a fluid transport channel of sufficient length and flexibility for at least a section thereof to be wound around the magnetic field source; and a plurality of channel security clips securely positionable along the magnetic field source. The plurality of channel security clips can be configured to secure the fluid transport channel to the magnetic field source with at least about 50% of a sub-section (relative to the section surrounding the magnetic field source) securable by the channel security dips along the exterior surface pathway where the enhanced magnetic flux density Is present.

Description

[0001]MAGNETIC TRAP PURIFICATION SYSTEMS, ASSEMBLIES, AND METHODS The present patent application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.63 / 581,399, filed on September 8, 2023, the entirety of which is incorporated herein by reference. BACKGROUND Activated magnetic particles are used as a solid phase in applications to chemically couple with targeted material. They are available in various magnetic composite material types, shapes, and sizes. The magnetic properties of the particles allow them to be immobilized by a magnetic field. Separation methods that currently utilize magnetic particles or resins include settling a vessel in a magnetic field such that the particles are immobilized over time within the vessel by magnetic migration or immobilized via an actuated magnet suspended directly within the liquid phase. Thereafter, the liquid phase which is free from magnetic particles can be removed by aspiration, or alternatively, the immobilized magnetic particles can be physically removed from the liquid phase by direct contact with the actuated magnet. Magnetic particle processors are commonly used for the purification of DNA, RNA, proteins, viruses, and cells. They can accommodate a variety of sample types such as blood, tissue homogenates, cultivation media, and waste water. They are advantageous as they can eliminate centrifugation, can be automated for high- throughput and facilitate reproducible results. A number of magnetic particle processors are commercially available which can separate magnetic particles from a suspension. Examples of such magnetic separators include the KingFisher Flex System by ThermoFisher Scientific, MA, U.S.A., MagNA Pure 96 Instrument by Roche Diagnostics Corporation, Indianapolis, IN, U.S.A., and MagnaBot by Promega Corporation, WI, U.S.A. BRIEF DESCIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG.1 illustrates an example magnetic trap purification system in accordance with the present disclosure; FIG.2 illustrates an example magnetic trap purification assembly constructed using the components shown in the magnetic trap purification system of FIG.1, and which further illustrates an example concentrated biological or chemical component as separated from a sample fluid within a fluid transport channel (or tubing) in accordance with the present disclosure; FIG.3 illustrates other example alternative arrangements of the magnetic trap purification systems and assemblies in accordance with the present disclosure; FIG.4 illustrates an alternative example of a magnetic trap purification system or assembly including a single magnetic flux-enhancing feature that can be used in accordance with the present disclosure; FIG.5 illustrates an example industrial scale magnetic trap purification assembly in accordance with the present disclosure; FIG.6 illustrates another example magnetic trap purification system or assembly which utilizes a conical vessel and a conical magnet in accordance with the present disclosure; and FIG.7 is a flow diagram illustrating an example continuous flow magnetic separation method in accordance with the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Magnetic trap purification (MTP) assemblies, systems, and / or methods of the present disclosure can provide for effective purification and / or separation of any of a number of biological or chemical components. In particular, the use of magnetic particles or resins dispersed in a sample fluid can attract or bind to a targeted biological or chemical component, typically by ionic attraction, electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, covalent bonding, etc., depending on the surface chemistry of the magnetic particles or resins. The magnetic particles or resins may then be concentrated as trapped resin at or around regions of enhanced magnetic flux density for subsequent separation from the supernatant of the sample fluid. In some examples, the separation of magnetic particles having a biological or chemical component associated therewith from a heterogeneous fluid suspension can be particularly useful in the fields of biotechnology, chemical purification or separation, and chemical identification. For example, the MTP assemblies of the present disclosure can be used for purifying nucleotides, proteins, protein complexes, vesicles, viruses, whole cells, or the like, and / or carry out chemical separation, purification, or identification of various biological and / or chemical components that may be present in a sample fluid in a fast and efficient manner. The MTP assemblies and methods described herein can be designed for continuous flow separations, which can be set up for either cyclical or non-cyclical use. The magnetic field sources with magnetic flux-enhancing features as described herein can provide localized external high-intensity magnetic fields at multiple locations that can be utilized and then the separated magnetic particles or resin can be removed from the magnetic field for further processing. With a biological or chemical component associated with the magnetic particles or resin at its surface, these targeted compounds (or molecules) carried by a sample solution can undergo pressurized flow to pass the sample fluid over one or more of these localized external high-intensity magnetic fields where collection of the magnetic particles or resin occurs (within the fluid transport channel or tubing). The use of a fluid transport channel that is relatively small in cross- sectional interior diameter (or other shape) when coupled with these enhanced magnetic flux densities at various locations allows for the reliable immobilization of the magnetic particles or resin. In some examples, after a portion of the fluid volume has passed into or though the tubing, the magnetic field and the fluid transport channel can be separated (by removing the tubing or removing the magnetic field), allowing previously immobilized particles to mobilize for collection at a downstream magnetic flux-enhancing feature or for downstream processing, e.g., buffer washing. In accordance with this, the present disclosure is drawn to magnetic trap purification (MTP) systems, MTP assemblies, and MTP methods of use suitable for any of a number of sample fluids carrying a biological or chemical component. In some examples, an MTP system can include a magnetic field source having a plurality of magnetic flux-enhancing features arranged along a magnetic field source. The magnetic flux-enhancing features can generate an enhanced magnetic flux density along exterior surface pathways, respectively, compared to other exterior regions along the magnetic field source. The MTP system can also include a fluid transport channel of sufficient length and flexibility for at least a section thereof to be wound around the magnetic field source multiple times. The MTP system can further have a plurality of channel security clips securely positionable along the magnetic field source, wherein the plurality of channel security clips are configured to secure the fluid transport channel to the magnetic field source such that at least about 50%, e.g., 50% to about 85%, of the section of the fluid transport channel that is directly wound around the magnetic field source and secured by the channel security clips is positionable (or positioned) along the exterior surface pathway where the enhanced magnetic flux density is present. In some examples, the plurality of channel security clips and the fluid transport channel can be independent of the processing material that does not interfere with the magnetic flux density emanating from the magnetic flux-enhancing features. In other examples, an MTP system can include a magnetic field source having a first magnet and a second magnet joined or held together, e.g., adhesion, mechanical force such as by a sheath, fused together, etc., at a junction with like-magnetic poles (N-N or S-S) of the first magnet and the second magnet being present that forms a magnetic flux-enhancing feature. The magnetic flux-enhancing feature can generate an enhanced magnetic flux density along an exterior surface pathway. The MTP system of this example can also include a fluid transport channel that is non-magnetic and of sufficient length for a section thereof to be positioned around the magnetic field source. There can also be at least one channel security clip securely positionable or positioned along the magnetic field source for securing at least a 75% sub-section of the fluid transport channel along the exterior surface pathway, thus subjecting the fluid transport channel and its contents at the sub-section to the sub-section of the enhanced magnetic flux density. In either of the MTP system examples herein, notably various components can be assembled together to form an MTP assembly. For example, a magnetic trap purification assembly can include the magnetic field source, the fluid transport channel wound around the magnetic field source predominantly (at least 50% of the coiled tubing) along the magnetic flux-enhancing feature(s), e.g., along an exterior surface pathway that follows the location pathway of the enhanced magnetic flux density. In another example, a method of concentrating a biological or chemical component from a sample fluid can include a generating magnetic field from a magnetic field source having a magnetic flux-enhancing feature that provides an enhanced magnetic flux density along an exterior surface pathway of the magnetic field source as compared to other exterior surface regions of the magnetic field source. The method can also include positioning a section of a fluid transport channel around an exterior surface of the magnetic field source so that at least a sub-section of the section of the fluid transport channel follows the exterior surface pathway, and introducing a sample fluid under pressure to a continuous flow into or through the fluid transport channel such that the fluid sample is subjected to the enhanced magnetic flux density at the exterior surface pathway. The sample fluid can include a liquid carrier, a target component including a biological or chemical species, and magnetic particles or resin dispersed in the liquid carrier having an affinity for the target component sufficient to form target component-associated magnetic particles or resin within the sample fluid. The method can further include magnetically trapping a plurality of the target component associated- magnetic particles or resin within the fluid transport channel to form a trapped particles or resin mass along the exterior surface pathway where the enhanced magnetic flux density is present. In each of the various embodiments described herein, whether discussing the methods or systems herein, there may be some common features of each of these embodiments that further characterize options in accordance with principles discussed herein. Thus, any discussion of the magnetic field source in the context of an MTP system is also applicable to any of the MTP assemblies and / or methods described herein, even if not specifically mentioned in the context of a specific embodiment. It is also to be understood that this invention is not limited to the particular structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein, but is extended to equivalents thereof as would be recognized by those ordinarily skilled in the relevant arts. It should also be understood that terminology employed herein is used for the purpose of describing particular examples only and is not intended to be limiting. The same reference numerals in different drawings represent a corresponding element of the same or similar embodiment. Numbers provided in flow charts and processes are provided for clarity in illustrating steps and operations and do not necessarily indicate a particular order or sequence. Magnetic Trap Purification (MTP) Systems and Assemblies Referring now to FIG.1, an example magnetic trap purification (MTP) system 100 is illustrated. The MTP system can include, for example, a magnetic field source 112, which can be a permanent magnet, permanent magnet construction, or an electromagnet. The magnetic field source can include a magnetic flux-enhancing feature 114, or multiple magnetic flux-enhancing features as shown. The magnetic flux- enhancing features can be provided by compositing magnets together with north poles facing one another and south poles facing one another. In this example, there is a sheath 115 positioned over the multiple magnets. At the location of these features, the magnetic field source can generate an enhanced magnetic flux, shown schematically at 116. The magnetic flux-enhancing feature(s) can be, for example, marked with a laser- etching or other marking technology so the user knows where each of the enhanced magnetic flux density regions are present. The enhanced magnetic flux at these locations can be concentrated along the magnetic field source, generating a concentrated magnetic flux density greater than at other locations of the magnets or environment. In this example, about 1.2 tesla was measured, but other concentrated magnetic flux densities may be present when using magnets of different strengths, sizes, configurations, etc. Notably, in this example, the various components are shown in a disassembled state, but a second magnetic field source is shown assembled with multiple channel security clips 118 and a magnetic field source support 122, described in greater detail hereinafter. As shown, the MTP system 100 in this example also includes a plurality of channel security clips 118 which can be placed about the magnetic field source 112 at or near the magnetic flux-enhancing features 114. The channel security clips allow for the fluid transport channel 140, or polymeric tubing in this example, to be coiled about the magnetic field source so that much of the fluid transport channel is at or near the magnetic flux-enhancing features. In further detail, the channel security clips may have a sloped geometry that allows for good security when coiling or winding the fluid transport channel about the magnetic field source. The portion of the fluid transport channel that is coiled about the magnetic field source may include a substantive length of at least about 50%, e.g., from about 50% to about 80%, of the fluid transport channel being directly over or immediately adjacent to, i.e. within about 1 cm, of the magnetic flux-enhancing features as may be designed for sufficient processing of the magnetic particles, depending on the properties of the magnetic particle. This allows for a sizable portion of the channel volume carried within the coiled portion of the fluid transport channel (or tubing) to be directly impacted by its interaction with the enhanced magnetic flux density being generated at the magnetic flux-enhancing features. The magnetic field source 112 can be supported in some examples by a magnetic field source support 122. In this example, the support can be further stabilized by its slidable relationship with a base 120, which in this example is a T-channel base that matches a T-shaped protrusion 124 positioned at a bottom portion of the magnetic field source support. This provides some added convenience and modularity to the MTP system 100. With that stated, other support systems may likewise be used, or in some examples, there may be examples that do not utilize a support system. In connecting the fluid transport channel 140 (or tubing) to one or more fluid volumes or reservoirs (not shown, but shown at 142 in FIG.2), the fluid transport channel can be connected to connection nipples or luer connectors 136 of a pair of fluid vessels 132, one for influent flow and one for effluent flow or alternatively, for bidirectional flow between the pair of fluid vessels. Either or both fluid vessels can act as the effluent fluid and / or the influent fluid. In this example, one or both of the pair of fluid vessels can provide fluid pumping capabilities, with one or both including a fluid drive mechanism 134 as part of the displacement pump system 130. For example, the fluid vessels may be in the form of a syringe, e.g., glass syringe, and the fluid drive mechanism may include one or more plungers (as shown) for unidirectional flow or bi- directional flow through the fluid transport channel 140. Other types of displacement pump systems may include a peristaltic pump, a roller pump, a centrifugal pump, submersible pump, or a positive displacement pump for example. As shown in this example, the fluid vessels may be supported, for example, by a vessel support structure 138. As this example illustrates two magnetic field sources 112 and its accompanying magnetic flux-enhancing features 114 and channel security clips 118, it is notable that multiple magnetic field sources (and their assembly) can be used with a single fluid transport channel assembled in series to provide additional locations where there is enhanced magnetic flux density 116. FIG.2 illustrates an example magnetic trap purification (MTP) assembly 110 constructed using some of the components shown in the magnetic trap purification system 100 of FIG.1. In this example, the MTP assembly is shown as connected together in one possible configuration with both effluent and influent fluid volumes 142 shown loaded in the fluid vessels 132, e.g., syringes with fluid drive mechanisms 134 or plungers, and a channel volume 144, e.g., for elution therefrom, being carried by the fluid transport channel 140. The same structures shown and described with respect to the MTP system of FIG.1 are the same in this example, but various components are shown as connected together, including the magnetic field source 112, the channel security clips 118 positioned about the magnetic field source, and the magnetic field source support 122 slidably connected to the base 120. Also shown is the vessel support structure 138 which securely supports the multiple fluid vessels of the displacement pump system 130. Also shown is an enlarged view of a portion of the magnetic field source 112 with magnetic flux-enhancing features (not visible in this example, but shown at 114 in FIG. 1) indicated at the surface of the magnetic field source by surface markings 117, e.g., laser-etched, chemical etched, mechanically scored, printed, etc. The surface markings are positioned so that a user knows where to secure the fluid transport channel 140 as it passes over the magnetic field source. The channel security clips are not shown in this view so as to not obscure the illustration of the trapped resin or particles 146 (associated with a concentrated biological or chemical component) that is collected or gathered at or near the magnetic flux-enhancing features while the balance of the fluid volume 142 is allowed to pass thereby through the fluid transport channel. Regarding the speed and efficiency of the purifications as described herein, biological samples containing a target biological or chemical component for purification can be processed at from about 10 mL / min to about 500 mL / min, from about 50 mL / min to about 500 mL / min, from about 10 mL / min to about 100 mL / min, or from about 100 mL / min to about 500 mL / min. In some examples, the biological sample can be processed at a volume of at least about 100 mL / min for many typical purifications depending on the size and magnetic property type of the particles. To provide an example of utilization of the MTP systems 100 and assemblies 110 described herein, a plurality of cells (or another biological material) can be collected for separation or concentration. For example, cells growing in a well plate that excretes a protein complex can be collected and combined with magnetic particles or resin. The cells can either be combined directly with the magnetic particles or resin or can be combined with a fluid carrier. Depending on the experimental design, various volumes of magnetic resin can be used. The magnetic particles or resin dispersed with the cells (or other biological or chemical component) in the fluid sample can be targeted for electrostatic attraction or covalent attachment to the surface of the magnetic resin. The magnetic particles or resin selected for use can be, for example, ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, diamagnetic, antiferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, superparamagnetic, metamagnetic, or the like. An example ferromagnetic resin that can be used is known commercially as Pierce Anti-DYKDDDDK Magnetic Agarose available from Thermo Scientific (USA), which is an anti-flag tag magnetic resin. Other example magnetic particles include those sold under the commercial name Dynabeads. These and other magnetic particles are typically of a composite material having a magnetic core with surface chemistry modifications for coupling to a target material. These and other magnetic particles or resins can be used having an average particle size from about 50 nm to about 5 mm, from about 10 μm to about 1 mm, from about 10 μm to about 1 mm, from about 10 μm to about 500 μm, from about 10 μm to about 250 μm, from about 10 μm to about 100 μm, from about 10 μm to about 40 μm, or from about 40 μm to about 80 μm. In some examples, smaller ranges of magnetic particle sizes can be used having an average particle size from about 10 nm to less than about 10 μm, from about 50 nm to about 5 μm, from about 100 nm to about 1 μm, or from about 5 nm to about 500 nm. Thus, the full range of magnetic particles or resin can have an average particle size from about 10 nm to about 1 mm, with the very large particle in the range, e.g., greater than about 250 μm, being suitable for applications related to environmental remediation, for example. Particularly when using the smaller- sized magnetic particles or resin, but even in some instances with the larger-sized magnetic particles or resin, multiple magnetic field sources can be used and connected series via a common fluid transport channel, winding the tubing about a first magnetic field source and then winding the same tubing about a second magnetic field source (as also described in connection with FIGS.1 and 3 herein). By adding additional magnetic flux-enhancing features 114 (due to the use of the multiple magnetic field sources), saturation of high intensity magnetic flux zones can be overcome. Regarding the loading volume of magnetic particles or resin to be loaded in the MTP assemblies described herein, the magnetic particles included in the sample fluid can be present at from about 1 μL to about 5 L, from about 50 μL to about 5 L, from about 1 mL to about 5 L, from about 1 μL to about 100 μL, from about 50 μL to about 300 μL, from about 200 μL to about 1 mL, from about 500 μL to about 5 mL, from about 1 mL to about 10 mL, from about 5 mL to about 25 mL, from about 10 mL to about 100 mL, from about 50 mL to about 500 mL, or from about 250 mL to about 5 L. In practice, the loading volume ranges can depend on the amount of sample and the dimensions of the MTP system or assembly. For example, magnetic particles or resin may come with a loading capacity such as 3 mg of targeted material per mL of particles. Therefore, the amount of magnetic particle used can depend on the amount of the targeted material to be captured by the magnetic particles or resin, which can be toward the upper end of the broad ranges provided or toward the lower end of the broad ranges provided. With a desktop- or workbench-sized system or assembly such as that shown in FIGS.1-3, it is notable that more than about 1 mL of magnetic particles can saturate the high intensity magnetic flux, the use of multiple magnetic field sources connected in series can provide additional magnetic flux-enhancing features so that the magnetic particles can be completely captured within the fluid transport channel, trapping more magnetic particles compared to when using only a single magnetic field source. This is because a single fluid transport channel can be wound about two or more magnetic field sources (each with their own channel security clips and associated magnetic flux- enhancing features. Thus, for larger purifications, the use of multiple magnetic field sources connected in series can accommodate higher volumes of the magnetic particles or resin. Regarding the lower end of the magnetic particle or resin volumes that can be used, below about 1 μL can be a challenge to use, as it can be more difficult to view the magnetic particles dispersed in the channel fluid, e.g., fed into the fluid transport channel from the fluid vessel(s) carrying the sample fluid. With that said, these ranges are provided by example only, and volumes outside of these ranges can be used in some instances, depending on the circumstances and experiment design. In short, the MTP systems, assemblies, and MTP methods described herein can be utilized with some design choices for both small scale laboratory use or for industrial scale volumes. Setup of the MTP assembly 110 from the MTP system 100 (see FIG.1) can occur by winding the fluid transport channel (or tubing) from the bottom up (or the top down) in a direction that matches the slope geometry of the channel security clips. In the example shown, the direction is counter-clockwise, but could be clockwise if the channel security clips were configured with the opposite slope geometry. When winding the tubing about the magnetic field source and clipping the tubing in place, effective results will occur by aligning a majority of the tubing at the channel security at or near the magnetic flux-enhancing features. Short sections of the tubing may not be positioned over the laser-etched markings (in this example), as some tubing is used to move from one channel security clip to the next channel security clip. With respect to the section of fluid transport channel (or tubing) that is wound or coiled about a single magnetic field source having multiple locations of enhanced magnetic flux density, it is estimated that from about 50% to about 85% of the tubing will be at or immediately adjacent to the magnetic flux-enhancing features (which may be marked, and thus can benefit from the enhanced magnetic flux density found at those locations emanating from the junction between magnets beneath the sheath. In other words, typically a majority of the tubing overlaps or is very near (within about 1 cm) the magnetic flux- enhancing features. In some examples, these magnetic flux-enhancing features can provide a magnetic flux density from 0.5 tesla to about 10 tesla, from about 0.8 tesla to about 8 tesla, from about 0.8 tesla to about 4.5 tesla, from about 0.8 tesla to about 3 tesla, from about 0.8 tesla to about 1.6 tesla, from about 1 tesla to about 4.5 tesla, from about 1 tesla to about 3 tesla, from about 1.5 tesla to about 4.5 tesla, or from about 3 tesla to about 8 tesla, for example. Other features may provide even stronger magnetic flux density, such as the structure shown at FIG.4 hereinafter. Once the MTP system is assembled according to experimental needs or desires, and upon considering what type, size, and volume (amount) of magnetic particles or resin will be used within the fluid sample, a determination can be made as to whether a single magnetic field source (with associated clips positioned at or near the magnetic flux-enhancing features) or multiple magnetic field sources can be used. The flexibility of using as many magnetic field sources as may be desired provides the ability to use the MTP systems and assemblies described herein for arbitrary volume throughput. Furthermore, it should be noted that increasing the total number of magnetic flux- enhancing features can be likewise accomplished using a taller or larger magnetic field source with more magnetic flux-enhancing features included therewith. After the magnetic particles or resin become trapped (with a biological or chemical component associated therewith) at the regions where there is enhanced magnetic flux density, the tube may be removed from its influent and effluent vessels and the trapped particles or resin therein can be collected and further processed, e.g., washed with a buffer. In some examples, much of the sample fluid (or supernatant within the tubing) can first be removed before collecting the trapped resin. In some examples, the trapped resin can be recovered from the washing buffer and the MTP assembly can be used again for enhanced concentrations. Alternatively, the trapped particles or resin and some of the balance of the fluid sample can be further separated using a conical magnet assembly, such as that shown and described hereinafter in FIG. 6. In that example, the channel fluid sample and the trapped resin can be further concentrated using the conical magnet to form a pellet prior to washing. Notably, the term “trapped resin” refers to the magnetic particles or resin that become trapped in the fluid transport vessel at the magnetic flux-enhancing features. FIG.3 illustrates other possible example arrangements of magnetic trap purification (MTP) systems 100 or assemblies 110 (shown partially assembled) of the present disclosure. In this example, again there is a magnetic field source 112, e.g., high-intensity magnetic field source, with magnetic flux-enhancing features 114, positioned partially within a magnetic field source support 122 that can be slidably connected to one of the channels of the base 120. However, in this example, the displacement pump system 130 is in the form of a peristaltic pump. Two different arrangements are shown, where i) a single fluid vessel 132 is used for both effluent and influent fluid flow (or bidirectional flow, not shown) or ii) two fluid vessels 132 and 132B are used for unidirectional or bidirectional flow. The fluid transport channel 140A-C and 140(R1)-(R2) (or tubing) is shown schematically using dotted or dashed lines and arrows, with various sections labeled separately, even though a single fluid transport channel is used in each example (except for where the displacement pump system 130 and its fluid drive mechanism is present for purposes of generating unidirectional or bidirectional fluid flow). More specifically, in one example, the sample fluid can be pumped from and returned to fluid vessel 132. Here, the fluid sample can be pumped by the peristaltic pump (or other type of pump) via tubing sections 140A, 140B, and 140C (where the magnetic particles interact with enhanced magnetic field resulting in trapped particles or resin), and then returning via tubing section 140R. Even though the fluid flow is shown starting at the bottom of the magnetic field source and winding upwards, the fluid flow could likewise be reversed for unidirectional flow in the other direction or could be cycled back and forth under a bidirectional flow pattern. In another example, the sample fluid can be pumped from fluid vessel 132 to be received by fluid vessel 132B. In this alternative example, the fluid sample can be pumped by the peristaltic pump (or other type of pump) via tubing sections 140A, 140B, and 140C (where the magnetic particles interact with enhanced magnetic fields resulting in trapped particles or resin), and then can continue on via tubing section 140D to be received by fluid vessel 132B. Even though the fluid flow is shown starting at the bottom of the magnetic field source and winding upwards, the fluid flow could likewise be reversed for unidirectional flow in the other direction or could be cycled back and forth under a bidirectional flow pattern between fluid vessel 132 and 132B. Thus, in this particular example, the fluid vessel 132 can provide effluent flow and a second fluid vessel 132B can provide influent flow or vice versa (or both can be used for bidirectional flow, not shown). Again, in this example, the fluid transport channel (or tubing) is not shown so as to not obscure the other features of this example. However, the various tubing sections are shown via dotted or dashed lines for purposes of illustrating example fluid flow through various sections of the fluid transport channel. Again, there may be multiple magnetic field sources used in series if there is a need or desire to utilize more magnetic flux-enhancing features (not shown, but shown in FIGS.1-4 at 114) than may be provided by a single magnetic field source or high-intensity magnet. FIG.4 illustrates an alternative magnetic field source 112 with its magnetic flux- enhancing feature 114. In this example, a pair of magnets 112A and 112B are aligned and adhered together so that like-poles, e.g., N-N or S-S, are facing one another. Like the magnetic flux-enhancing features shown by way of example in FIG.1, at the junction where the multiple magnets are joined or adhered together, an enhanced magnetic flux density 116 is present. Notably, though only two magnets and one junction is shown, there may be multiple magnets adhered together with like-poles facing one another, as was shown in FIG.1. When three or more magnets are stacked together, a magnetic field source can be formed with multiple magnet junctions that function as the magnetic flux-enhancing features. Alternatively, a pair of magnet with a larger circumference compared to that shown in FIG.1 can likewise be used. In this example, there may or may not be surface markings, as there is not a sheath present, and thus, the magnetic flux-enhancing feature 114 is plainly visible at a junction where magnets 112A and 112B are joined together to form the magnetic field source 112. As previously noted, FIGS.1 and 2 denote locations having magnetic flux-enhancing features generating enhanced magnetic flux densities at multiple locations, as previously described, e.g., from about 0.8 tesla to about 1.6 tesla. With the arrangement shown herein at FIG.4, the magnetic flux density may be well outside of this range at the magnetic flux-enhancing feature shown due to the potentiality of smaller or larger circumference, magnet material volume, magnetic strength, etc., of the magnets used, with flux density ranges from about 0.5 tesla to about 10 tesla. Also shown in FIG.4 is an alternative set of channel security clips 118, which in this example may be of a magnetic material having configuration and polarity suitable for affixing the fluid transport channel 140 around the magnetic field source 112 at the magnetic flux-enhancing feature 114 where there is an enhanced magnetic flux density 116. In this example, like with the examples shown in FIGS.1-3, the fluid transport channel can also be magnetic, of a material interactive with magnetic field, or non- magnetic, and can be of sufficient in length to be positionable around the magnetic field source along at least about 50% of the magnetic flux-enhancing feature that is present about the circumference of the magnetic field source. As mentioned, there can be at least one channel security clip securely positionable or positioned along the magnetic field source to secure the fluid transport channel along at least about 50% of the magnetic flux-enhancing feature. In some examples, the fluid transport channel can be positioned and secured along at least about 60%, at least about 75%, or at least about 85% (as shown in FIG.4) of the magnetic flux enhancing feature. Notably, beneath the perspective view of FIG.4, there is a side plan view of the magnetic field source, the magnetic flux-enhancing features, and the enhanced magnetic flux density shown without the fluid transport channel and its channel security clips for additional clarity regarding the configuration and magnetic field provided by the magnetic field source. FIG.5 illustrates an example industrial scale magnetic trap purification (MTP) assembly 150, which can include a fluid vessel 152 having a high-intensity magnetic field source 112 closely associated with a fluid transport channel 140 that is external to the fluid vessel. The magnetic field source in this example can be suitable for interacting with the fluid (not shown) contained within the fluid vessel as it passes through the fluid transport channel. Again, the fluid includes magnetic particles which are associated with (or become associated with) a biological or chemical component collected from within a sample fluid, and the fluid transport channel that is fluidically coupled to the fluid vessel includes continuous flow fluidic (cyclical or non-cyclical) connectors 154. The high- intensity magnetic field source can be external to the fluid vessel (as shown), and furthermore, there may be an internal or external pressurizer or pump that can be used to produce pressurized flow through the fluid transport channel. Thus, magnetic particles associated with a biological or chemical component from the sample fluid can become concentrated within the fluid transport channel, which can then be disconnected so that the magnetic particles can be harvested for further processing. In short, this example provides a cycling apparatus that can be used where effluent flow is cycled to become influent flow, and the fluid transport channel can be the location where the magnetic particles or resin become pelleted for collection and processing. FIG.6 illustrates an alternative type of system or assembly that can likewise be used for separating a biological or chemical component from a sample fluid via the use of magnetic particles. More particularly, a conical magnet assembly 160 is shown which includes a magnetic field source support 162 (or magnet support) secured to a magnetic field source 166 (or conical magnet in this example). As with the MTP systems and assemblies shown in FIGS.1 and 2 at 100 and 110, respectively, the magnet support can be slidably attached or secured to a base 120, which may be the same T-channel base as described in FIGS.1 and 2. The magnet support may also be pivotably attached to a rotatable sample stand 168, which can be rotated about an axis. The rotatable sample stand can also be configured to hold a conical tipped vessel 170 which can carry a sample fluid 172. The sample fluid may include a biological or chemical component for concentration, for example, and can be combined with magnetic particles or resin that can selectively attract or bind to a biological or chemical component present in the sample fluid. By rotating the rotatable sample stand about its axis, as shown by curved arrow (A), the conical tip of the conical tipped vessel can be aligned with a conical tip of the conical magnet. In this configuration, over time, e.g., from about 5 seconds to about a minute, from about 5 seconds to about 30 seconds, or from about 10 seconds to about 1 minute, the magnetic particles which have become coupled to the biological or chemical component of the sample fluid can form a pellet 176, leaving behind a supernatant 174. Continuous Flow Magnetic Separation Methods Referring now to FIG.7, a continuous flow magnetic separation method 200 is illustrated. The method can include contacting 210 magnetic particles with a sample fluid to form a biological component-bound magnetic particle suspension, subjecting 220 the biological component-bound magnetic particle suspension to cyclical 222 or non-cyclical 224 continuous flow within a continuous flow channel, and immobilizing 230 magnetic particles of the magnetic particle suspension within the continuous flow channel using a magnetic field. As noted previously, the magnetic particles of the suspension can be configured to chemically couple or bind to one or more specific biological components or materials of a sample fluid for concentration thereof using a magnetic field. In this example, the continuous flow channel can be, for example, a non- conductive or dielectric channel, such as flexible tubing or other channel-defining structure that is at least partially aligned or alignable with one or more magnetic flux- enhancing features (See 114 at FIG.1), junction between multiple magnets (See 114 at FIG.4), etc., of a magnetic field source, e.g., a high-intensity magnetic field source. In further detail, the method can include separating 240 the fluid transport channel, e.g., tubing from the magnetic field or magnetic field from the tubing, and then processing 250 biological component-bound magnetic particles of the biological component-bound magnetic particle suspension. Processing can include removing the biological component from the magnetic particles by elution or other separation process. Processing may also include subjecting the component-bound magnetic particle in their concentrated form to wash buffer(s), biological or chemical substrate(s), growth media(s), components for analytical assays, etc. In some examples, before processing, the method can include repeating 242 a plurality or all of the method steps (one time or multiple times) to generate an enhanced concentration of the biological component- bound magnetic particles within the sample fluid, e.g., reducing the volume of fluid carrying the biological component-bound magnetic particles. In other examples, the method may include further concentrating 252 (or further purifying) the concentration by repeating some or all of the method steps as shown, e.g., re-contacting the biological or chemical component with magnetic particles for further processing. In some examples, concentrating the biological component-bound magnetic particles can include utilizing 245 a conical magnet for particle concentration / separation, such as that shown and described in connection with FIG.6. After being subjected to the conical magnet, the processing 250 of the biological component-bound magnetic particles can be carried out as described previously, or the biological component-bound magnetic particles can be further concentrated by repeating some or all of the method steps as described herein. In accordance with these methods, there are multiple approaches to processing the magnetic resin using the MTP assembly of the present disclosure. For example, in a setup with a peristaltic pump having separate influent and effluent (See FIG.3), an experiment can be established using a single reservoir that continually cycles the sample fluid (containing the magnetic particles or resin) unidirectionally. In other examples, faster throughputs may be accomplished using a glass syringe to push fluid (or draw fluid) through the fluid transport channel (or tubing). Another advantage of using a syringe is that it can be more straightforward to swap syringes with different experimental conditions by disconnecting the tubing from the nipple or luer connector of the syringe. For example, syringes could be swapped to add buffer solution to the fluid transport channel, or to remove buffer components, e.g., glycerol, as may be desired, which can sometimes interfere with single particle analysis cryo-EM sample preparation. When the magnetic particles or resin become trapped in the tubing at the regions with enhanced magnetic flux density forming a plurality of trapped particles or resin, the tubing can be uncoupled from one or both of the fluid vessels, e.g., influent and / or effluent vessels, and the ends capped, for example. This reduces the volume of fluid to that which is found in the tubing (along with the trapped particles or resin), which can be referred to as the channel volume. The tubing can then be twirled or otherwise agitated for a few seconds in some manner to resuspend the trapped particles or resin within the tubing before purging the channel volume (which includes a higher concentration of magnetic particles relative to its liquid carrier). If there is a small amount of the magnetic particles or resin in the channel fluid (now found in the conical tipped vessel) within the tubing, zero or one cycle of washing and purging may be sufficient to transport the trapped particles or resin from the tubing to another vessel. If there is a larger amount of trapped particles or resin present, the experiment may benefit from multiple cycles of washing and purging to remove all of the trapped particles or resin from the tubing. Example volumes of washing buffer that can be added to purge the trapped resin from the tubing can be from about 2 mL to about 1 L, from about 2 mL to about 500 mL, from about 2 mL to about 250 mL, from about 2 mL to about 100 mL, from about 2 mL to about 50 mL, from about 5 mL to about 250 mL, from about 5 mL to about 25 mL, from about 20 mL to about 100 mL, from about 50 mL to about 500 mL, or from about 250 mL to about 1 L. In some arrangements, about 10 mL can be effective, depending on the total channel volume being held by the fluid transport channel. Alternatively, the channel volume can be aspirated or otherwise transferred from the fluid transport channel (or tubing) to another processing vessel for further processing. In some examples, the processing vessel can be a conical tipped vessel used in connection with a conical magnet, which can be used to form a pelleted resin, as shown and described by way of example in connection with FIG.6. As an example, with channel volumes about 20 mL or less, after about 1 second to about 1 minute, excess washing buffer can be removed and the trapped resin is either ready for processing directly in the vessel or transferred into another vessel for further processing prior to transferring to the conical tipped vessel. If the volume and the conical tube is greater than about 20 mL, it may take additional time to fully pellet the trapped resin from the channel (now transferred to the conical tipped vessel). Once the pelleted resin is formed and excess wash buffer is removed, the conical tipped vessel can be separated from the conical magnet, e.g., by swiveling as shown in FIG.6, and then a more concentrated fluid (more concentrated than the channel fluid) can then be transferred to a smaller vessel, such as a μL tube. This example highlights the modularity of the MTP systems and assemblies described herein. For example, an MTP assembly may include one or more magnetic field source with magnetic flux-enhancing features, one or more conical magnetic assembly, one or more of any other purification architecture that may be useful for working in concert therewith, etc. Other example purification or analytical architectures that could be used with these devices of the MTP assembly could include, but not limited to, a fluorometer, spectrophotometer, dynamic light scatter instrument, TEM, cryo-TEM, cell sorting, cell culture, optical microscopy, microfluidic apparatus, and / or device for analytical or biochemical assays. In further detail, a single base or multiple bases can be used to support any or all of these purification devices or structures using magnetic field source supports. In some examples, the shaped protrusion of the magnetic field source support can include a T-shaped protrusions that is slidably connectable to a channeled or slotted base. Example Embodiments In accordance with the disclosure herein, the following examples are illustrative of several embodiments of the present technology. 1. A magnetic trap purification system, comprising: a magnetic field source having a plurality of magnetic flux-enhancing features arranged along a magnetic field source, wherein the magnetic flux-enhancing features generate an enhanced magnetic flux density along exterior surface pathways, respectively, compared to other exterior regions along the of the magnetic field source; a fluid transport channel of sufficient length and flexibility for at least a section thereof to be wound around the magnetic field; and a plurality of channel security clips securely positionable along the magnetic field source, wherein the plurality of channel security clips are configured to secure the fluid transport channel to the magnetic field source, wherein at least about 50% of the section of the fluid transport channel that is directly wound around the magnetic field source and securable by the channel security clips is positionable along the exterior surface pathway where the enhanced magnetic flux density is present. 2. The magnetic trap purification system of example 1, further comprising magnetic particles or resin having surface groups configured to electrostatically, covalently, electromagnetically, or physicochemically couple to a biological or chemical component, wherein the magnetic particles or resin are freely dispersible in a sample fluid and are further configured to gather to form magnetically trapped particles at the plurality of magnetic flux-enhancing features. 3. The magnetic trap purification system of one of examples 1 or 2, further comprising one or more fluid vessel to provide influent and effluent continuous pressurized flow of the sample fluid containing the magnetic particles or resin into or through the fluid transport channel to become electromagnetically trapped at one or more of the magnetic flux-enhancing features. 4. The magnetic trap purification system of example 3, wherein the continuous pressurized flow is configured to provide for unidirectional flow, bidirectional flow, or both in series through the fluid transport channel, and wherein the continuous pressurized flow is provided by a syringe, a peristaltic pump, a centrifugal pump, a submersible pump, or a positive displacement pump. 5. The magnetic trap purification system of one of examples 1 to 4, wherein the magnetic field source is a permanent magnet or permanent magnet assembly, and wherein the magnetic flux-enhancing features are provided by multiple magnets composited together, wherein junctions of the multiple magnets include north poles of immediately adjacent magnets face one another at one or more of the junctions, south poles of immediately adjacent magnets face one another at one or more of the junctions, or both. 6. The magnetic trap purification system of one of examples 1 to 5, wherein at least a plurality of the channel security clips have a slope geometry to facilitate either a clockwise winding of the fluid transport channel or a counter-clockwise winding of the fluid transport channel. 7. The magnetic trap purification system of one of examples 1 to 6, wherein the magnetic flux-enhancing features emit from about 0.5 tesla to about 10 tesla of magnetic flux density, which is greater than the magnetic flux at the intermediate region. 8. The magnetic trap purification system of one of examples 1 to 7, further comprising: a base to support including a plurality of slots or openings; and a magnetic field source support connectable to the magnetic field source, wherein the magnetic field support also includes a shaped protrusion that is insertable into one or more of the plurality of slots or openings of the channels to provide secured stability to the base support. 9. The magnetic trap purification system of one of examples 1 to 8, further comprising a conical magnet assembly for generating a pellet from trapped magnetic particles or resin collected from the channel fluid formed within the fluid transport channel. 10. A magnetic trap purification assembly, comprising the magnetic field source, a fluid transport channel, and the plurality of channel security clips of the system of one of examples 1 to 9, wherein the fluid transport channel is wound around the magnetic field source, and wherein the plurality of channel security clips are positioned at the magnetic flux-enhancing features such that the channel security clips retain at least about 50% of the section of the fluid transport channel along the exterior surface pathway. 11. A magnetic trap purification system, comprising: a magnetic field source having a first magnet and a second magnet joined or otherwise held together at a junction with like-magnetic poles of the first magnet and the second magnet forming a magnetic flux-enhancing feature that generates an enhanced magnetic flux density along an exterior surface pathway; a fluid transport channel that is of sufficient length for a section thereof to be positioned around the magnetic field source; and at least one channel security feature positioned or positionable along the magnetic field source to secure at least a 50% sub-section of the section of the fluid transport channel along the exterior surface pathway subjecting the fluid transport channel the sub-section to the enhanced magnetic flux density. 12. The magnetic trap purification system of example 11, further comprising magnetic particles or resin having surface groups configured to electrostatically, covalently, electromagnetically, or physicochemically couple to a biological or chemical component, wherein the magnetic particles or resin are freely dispersible in a sample fluid and are further configured to gather to form magnetically trapped resins when subjected to the enhanced magnetic flux density along the magnetic flux-enhancing feature. 13. The magnetic trap purification system of one of examples 11 or 12, wherein the at least one channel security clip includes: a magnetic channel security clip configured to magnetically secure the fluid transport channel at the magnetic flux-enhancing feature, or a non-magnetic channel security clip that supports and retains the fluid transport channel as the fluid transport channel follows the magnetic flux-enhancing feature around the magnetic field source. 14. The magnetic trap purification system of one of examples 11 to 13, further comprising a conical magnet assembly for generating a pellet from trapped magnetic particles or resin collected from the channel fluid formed within the fluid transport channel. 15. A method of concentrating a biological or chemical component from a sample fluid, comprising: generating magnetic field from a magnetic field source having a magnetic flux- enhancing feature that generates an enhanced magnetic flux density along an exterior surface pathway of the magnetic field source as compared to other exterior surface regions of the magnetic field source; positioning a section of a fluid transport channel around an exterior surface of the magnetic field source, wherein at least a sub-section of the section of the fluid transport channel follows the exterior surface pathway; introducing a sample fluid under pressure to a continuous flow into or through the fluid transport channel such that the fluid sample is subjected to the enhanced magnetic flux density at the exterior surface pathway, the sample fluid including: a liquid carrier, a target component including a biological or chemical species, and magnetic particles or resin dispersed in the liquid carrier having an affinity for the target component sufficient to form target component- associated magnetic particles or resin within the sample fluid; and magnetically trapping a plurality of the target component associated-magnetic particles or resin within the fluid transport channel to form a trapped particle or resin mass along the exterior surface pathway where the enhanced magnetic flux density is present. 16. The method of example 15, wherein positioning includes: winding a section of the fluid transport channel around the magnetic field source, and securing a sub-section of the section of the fluid transport channel to the magnetic field source using a channel security clip, wherein the channel security clips are configured such that least about 50% of a length of the section positioned immediately around the magnetic field source following the exterior surface pathway where the sample fluid is subjected to the enhanced magnetic flux density. 17. The method of one of examples 15 or 16, wherein the magnetic field source includes one or more magnetic flux enhancing features which individually generate their own enhanced magnetic flux density and associated exterior surface pathway, and wherein positioning includes: winding a section of the fluid transport channel around the magnetic field source, and securing a sub-section of the section of the fluid transport channel to the magnetic field source using one or more channel security clips, respectively, wherein the multiple channel security clips are configured such that at least 50% of a length of the section is positioned immediately around the exterior surface pathway of the enhanced magnetic field source. 18. The method of one of examples 15 to 17, wherein positioning includes securing one or more sub-sections of the section of the fluid transport channel to the to the magnetic field source using one or more channel security clips having a slope geometry angularly offset relative to an orientation of one or more magnetic flux- enhancing features. 19. The method of one of examples 15 to 18, further comprising: arresting the continuous flow of the sample fluid through the fluid transport channel to provide a fixed volume of channel fluid within the fluid transport channel, and separating at least a portion of a supernatant of the channel fluid from the trapped particle or resin mass to generate a concentrated fluid of the trapped particle or resin mass or a dispersed form of the trapped particle or resin mass. 20. The method of one of examples 15 to 19, further comprising subjecting a concentrated fluid including the trapped particle or resin mass or a dispersed form of the trapped particle resin or mass to a magnetic field generated by conical magnet to form a pellet from the trapped particle resin mass or dispersed form thereof. Definitions In describing embodiments of the present disclosure, the following terminology will be used. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms, terms of art, and acronyms used herein have the meanings commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art in the field(s) of the invention, or in the field(s) where the term is used. Although any compositions, methods, articles of manufacture, or other means or materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice of the present invention, certain compositions, methods, articles of manufacture, or other means or materials are described herein. The singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “a hair weft” refers to one or more hair wefts. As used herein, “comprising” or “including” language or other open-ended language can be substituted with “consisting essentially of” and “consisting of” as if such transition phrase is expressly included in such embodiments. Reference to "an example" or “an embodiment” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the example is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in an example" or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Various “fluids” are described herein, including sample fluids, elution fluids, channel fluids, and concentrated fluids. These fluids can be in the form of solutions, heterogenous suspensions, or dispersions and still be referred to herein as “fluids.” It is understood that the “sample fluids” described herein include biological fluids and / or chemical fluids, and these sample fluids can be admixed with magnetic particles or resin that include active surface groups that may be selective for a specific biological or chemical component in the sample fluid. Thus, the term sample fluid, depending on the context, relates to both the biological or chemical fluid itself as well as the biological or chemical fluid suspension having the magnetic particles or resin dispersed therein. The term “channel fluid” or “channel volume” refers to the location and volume of sample fluid containing a trapped particles or resin mass that is present in the fluid transport channel (or tubing) prior to separation from its supernatant. In some instances, if there is to be further processing, the trapped particles or resin can be resuspended within the tubing prior to purging into another vessel for further processing. The term “concentrated fluid” refers to the fluid resulting from further processing of the channel fluid where the magnetic particles or resin (with associated biological or chemical component) become even more concentrated than the channel fluid. For example, a processing vessel associated with the use of a conical magnet (and typically additional washing buffer prior to removal therefrom) can be used, which forms a pellet thus providing a way of easily removing the supernatant liquid before transferring to a smaller vessel, for example. As used herein, a plurality of items, structural elements, compositional elements, and / or materials may be presented in a common list for convenience. However, these lists should be construed as though each member of the list is individually identified as a separate and unique member. Thus, no individual member of such list should be construed as a de facto equivalent of any other member of the same list solely based on their presentation in a common group without indications to the contrary. In addition, various embodiments and examples of the present invention may be referred to herein along with alternatives for the various components thereof. It is understood that such embodiments, examples, and alternatives are not to be construed as de facto equivalents of one another, but are to be considered as separate and autonomous representations of the present invention. Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the description herein, numerous specific details are included to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the disclosure. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the teachings of the present disclosure can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other methods, components, layouts, etc. In other instances, well-known structures, materials, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the invention. While the forgoing examples are illustrative of the principles of the present disclosure in one or more particular applications, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that numerous modifications in form, usage and details of implementation can be made without the exercise of inventive faculty, and without departing from the principles and concepts of the disclosure. Accordingly, it is not intended that the invention be limited, except as by the claims set forth below.

Claims

CLAIMS What Is Claimed is:

1. A magnetic trap purification system, comprising: a magnetic field source having a plurality of magnetic flux-enhancing features arranged along a magnetic field source, wherein the magnetic flux-enhancing features generate an enhanced magnetic flux density along exterior surface pathways, respectively, compared to other exterior regions along the of the magnetic field source; a fluid transport channel of sufficient length and flexibility for at least a section thereof to be wound around the magnetic field; and a plurality of channel security clips securely positionable along the magnetic field source, wherein the plurality of channel security clips are configured to secure the fluid transport channel to the magnetic field source, wherein at least about 50% of the section of the fluid transport channel that is directly wound around the magnetic field source and securable by the channel security clips is positionable along the exterior surface pathway where the enhanced magnetic flux density is present.

2. The magnetic trap purification system of claim 1, further comprising magnetic particles or resin having surface groups configured to electrostatically, covalently, electromagnetically, or physicochemically couple to a biological or chemical component, wherein the magnetic particles or resin are freely dispersible in a sample fluid and are further configured to gather to form magnetically trapped particles at the plurality of magnetic flux-enhancing features.

3. The magnetic trap purification system of claim 1, further comprising one or more fluid vessel to provide influent and effluent continuous pressurized flow of thesample fluid containing the magnetic particles or resin into or through the fluid transport channel to become electromagnetically trapped at one or more of the magnetic flux- enhancing features.

4. The magnetic trap purification system of claim 3, wherein the continuous pressurized flow is configured to provide for unidirectional flow, bidirectional flow, or both in series through the fluid transport channel, and wherein the continuous pressurized flow is provided by a syringe, a peristaltic pump, a centrifugal pump, a submersible pump, or a positive displacement pump.

5. The magnetic trap purification system of claim 1, wherein the magnetic field source is a permanent magnet or permanent magnet assembly, and wherein the magnetic flux-enhancing features are provided by multiple magnets composited together, wherein junctions of the multiple magnets include north poles of immediately adjacent magnets face one another at one or more of the junctions, south poles of immediately adjacent magnets face one another at one or more of the junctions, or both.

6. The magnetic trap purification system of claim 1, wherein at least a plurality of the channel security clips have a slope geometry to facilitate either a clockwise winding of the fluid transport channel or a counter-clockwise winding of the fluid transport channel.

7. The magnetic trap purification system of claim 1, wherein the magnetic flux- enhancing features emit from about 0.5 tesla to about 10 tesla of magnetic flux density, which is greater than the magnetic flux at the intermediate region.

8. The magnetic trap purification system of claim 1, further comprising: a base to support including a plurality of slots or openings; and a magnetic field source support connectable to the magnetic field source, wherein the magnetic field support also includes a shaped protrusion that is insertableinto one or more of the plurality of slots or openings of the channels to provide secured stability to the base support.

9. The magnetic trap purification system of claim 1, further comprising a conical magnet assembly for generating a pellet from trapped magnetic particles or resin collected from the channel fluid formed within the fluid transport channel.

10. A magnetic trap purification assembly, comprising the magnetic field source, a fluid transport channel, and the plurality of channel security clips of the system of claim 1, wherein the fluid transport channel is wound around the magnetic field source, and wherein the plurality of channel security clips are positioned at the magnetic flux- enhancing features such that the channel security clips retain at least about 50% of the section of the fluid transport channel along the exterior surface pathway.

11. A magnetic trap purification system, comprising: a magnetic field source having a first magnet and a second magnet joined or otherwise held together at a junction with like-magnetic poles of the first magnet and the second magnet forming a magnetic flux-enhancing feature that generates an enhanced magnetic flux density along an exterior surface pathway; a fluid transport channel that is of sufficient length for a section thereof to be positioned around the magnetic field source; and at least one channel security feature positioned or positionable along the magnetic field source to secure at least a 50% sub-section of the section of the fluid transport channel along the exterior surface pathway subjecting the fluid transport channel the sub-section to the enhanced magnetic flux density.

12. The magnetic trap purification system of claim 11, further comprising magnetic particles or resin having surface groups configured to electrostatically, covalently, electromagnetically, or physicochemically couple to a biological or chemical component, wherein the magnetic particles or resin are freely dispersible in a sample fluid and are further configured to gather to form magnetically trapped resins whensubjected to the enhanced magnetic flux density along the magnetic flux-enhancing feature.

13. The magnetic trap purification system of claim 11, wherein the at least one channel security clip includes: a magnetic channel security clip configured to magnetically secure the fluid transport channel at the magnetic flux-enhancing feature, or a non-magnetic channel security clip that supports and retains the fluid transport channel as the fluid transport channel follows the magnetic flux-enhancing feature around the magnetic field source.

14. The magnetic trap purification system of claim 11, further comprising a conical magnet assembly for generating a pellet from trapped magnetic particles or resin collected from the channel fluid formed within the fluid transport channel.

15. A method of concentrating a biological or chemical component from a sample fluid, comprising: generating magnetic field from a magnetic field source having a magnetic flux- enhancing feature that generates an enhanced magnetic flux density along an exterior surface pathway of the magnetic field source as compared to other exterior surface regions of the magnetic field source; positioning a section of a fluid transport channel around an exterior surface of the magnetic field source, wherein at least a sub-section of the section of the fluid transport channel follows the exterior surface pathway; introducing a sample fluid under pressure to a continuous flow into or through the fluid transport channel such that the fluid sample is subjected to the enhanced magnetic flux density at the exterior surface pathway, the sample fluid including: a liquid carrier, a target component including a biological or chemical species, andmagnetic particles or resin dispersed in the liquid carrier having an affinity for the target component sufficient to form target component- associated magnetic particles or resin within the sample fluid; and magnetically trapping a plurality of the target component associated-magnetic particles or resin within the fluid transport channel to form a trapped particle or resin mass along the exterior surface pathway where the enhanced magnetic flux density is present.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein positioning includes: winding a section of the fluid transport channel around the magnetic field source, and securing a sub-section of the section of the fluid transport channel to the magnetic field source using a channel security clip, wherein the channel security clips are configured such that least about 50% of a length of the section positioned immediately around the magnetic field source following the exterior surface pathway where the sample fluid is subjected to the enhanced magnetic flux density.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the magnetic field source includes one or more magnetic flux enhancing features which individually generate their own enhanced magnetic flux density and associated exterior surface pathway, and wherein positioning includes: winding a section of the fluid transport channel around the magnetic field source, and securing a sub-section of the section of the fluid transport channel to the magnetic field source using one or more channel security clips, respectively, wherein the multiple channel security clips are configured such that at least 50% of a length of the section is positioned immediately around the exterior surface pathway of the enhanced magnetic field source.

18. The method of claim 15, wherein positioning includes securing one or more sub-sections of the section of the fluid transport channel to the to the magnetic field source using one or more channel security clips having a slope geometry angularly offset relative to an orientation of one or more magnetic flux-enhancing features.

19. The method of claim 15, further comprising: arresting the continuous flow of the sample fluid through the fluid transport channel to provide a fixed volume of channel fluid within the fluid transport channel, and separating at least a portion of a supernatant of the channel fluid from the trapped particle or resin mass to generate a concentrated fluid of the trapped particle or resin mass or a dispersed form of the trapped particle or resin mass.

20. The method of claim 15, further comprising subjecting a concentrated fluid including the trapped particle or resin mass or a dispersed form of the trapped particle resin or mass to a magnetic field generated by conical magnet to form a pellet from the trapped particle resin mass or dispersed form thereof.

Images