Fallback operation selection for vehicle control
By identifying ASIL ratings for wireless links and transmitting fallback operations, the system addresses the challenge of managing link quality fluctuations, enhancing safety and reliability in autonomous vehicle control.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2023/119013
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-09-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-20
AI Technical Summary
Existing vehicle control systems lack effective methods to manage and respond to fluctuations in wireless link quality, which is crucial for ensuring safety and reliability in autonomous driving applications.
A network node identifies the automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link with an automotive user equipment (A-UE) and transmits a fallback operation to the A-UE based on this rating, allowing the vehicle to adjust its operations accordingly.
This solution enhances the safety and reliability of vehicle operations by enabling vehicles to adapt to changing wireless link conditions, reducing the risk of accidents and improving traffic management.
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Figure CN2023119013_20032025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
FALLBACK OPERATION SELECTION FOR VEHICLE CONTROLTECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to driver-operated or driver-assisted vehicles, and more particularly, to methods and systems suitable for supplying driving assistance or for autonomous driving.
[0002] INTRODUCTION
[0003] Wireless communication networks are widely deployed to provide various communication services such as voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, and the like. These wireless networks may be multiple-access networks capable of supporting multiple users by sharing the available network resources. Such networks may be multiple access networks that support communications for multiple users by sharing the available network resources.
[0004] Vehicles take many shapes and sizes, are propelled by a variety of propulsion techniques, and carry cargo including humans, animals, or objects. These machines have enabled the movement of cargo across long distances, movement of cargo at high speed, and movement of cargo that is larger than could be moved by human exertion. Vehicles originally were driven by humans to control speed and direction of the cargo to arrive at a destination. Human operation of vehicles has led to many unfortunate incidents resulting from the collision of vehicle with vehicle, vehicle with object, vehicle with human, or vehicle with animal. As research into vehicle automation has progressed, a variety of driving assistance systems have been produced and introduced. These include navigation directions by GPS, adaptive cruise control, lane change assistance, collision avoidance systems, night vision, parking assistance, and blind spot detection.
[0005] ISO 26262 standardizes automotive safety integrity levels (ASIL) , outlining the reliability requirements that a system or component must meet to achieve a specific ASIL. Four levels, ASIL A, ASIL B, ASIL C, and ASIL D, are defined with respective reliability values. The ISO SOTIF standard expands these standards to encompass autonomous driving. Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication that meets these ASIL criteria is expected to play a crucial role in vehicle applications such as autonomous driving and remote driving. These applications rely on V2X for interaction with Roadside Units (RSUs) , mobile edge computers (MECs) , road cameras, and other roadside facilities.
[0006] The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) provides a standard, J3016, that outlines six levels of driving automation for vehicles. At Level 0, there is no automation, with all dynamic driving tasks performed by the human driver, even when assisted by warning or intervention systems. Level 1 introduces driver assistance that can control either steering or acceleration / deceleration based on environmental information, though all other tasks remain the responsibility of the human driver. Level 2 enhances this to include both steering and acceleration / deceleration controls by driver assistance systems. Level 3, known as conditional automation, allows an automated driving system to perform all aspects of dynamic driving tasks but expects human intervention upon request. At Level 4 or high automation, the automated system executes all dynamic driving tasks regardless of whether a human responds to intervention requests. Finally, Level 5 represents full automation where the automated system can handle every aspect of the dynamic driving task in any roadway and environmental conditions manageable by a human driver.
[0007] BRIEF SUMMARY OF SOME EXAMPLES
[0008] The following summarizes some aspects of the present disclosure to provide a basic understanding of the discussed technology. This summary is not an extensive overview of all contemplated features of the disclosure and is intended neither to identify key or critical elements of all aspects of the disclosure nor to delineate the scope of any or all aspects of the disclosure. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of one or more aspects of the disclosure in summary form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0009] One aspect provides a network node that includes a processing system that includes at least one processor and memory circuitry that stores code. The processing system may be configured to execute the code to cause the network node to identify, in accordance with receiving a first message from an automotive user equipment (A-UE) , an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and the A-UE; and transmit a second message to the A-UE that includes a fallback operation for a vehicle associated with the A-UE, the fallback operation being selected in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link.
[0010] Another aspect provides a method for wireless communication by a network node that includes identifying, in accordance with receiving a first message from an automotive user equipment (A-UE) , an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and the A-UE. The method also includes transmitting a second message to the A-UE that includes a fallback operation for a vehicle associated with the A-UE, the fallback operation being selected in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link.
[0011] An additional aspect provides an apparatus for wireless communication at a vehicle that includes a processing system that includes at least one processor and memory circuitry that stores code. The processing system may be configured to execute the code to cause the apparatus to identify, in accordance with receiving a second message from a network node, an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and an automotive user equipment (A-UE) associated with a vehicle, the second message received in response to a first message transmitted by the A-UE; and select, in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link, at least one fallback operation for the vehicle.
[0012] A further aspect provides a method for wireless communication by an apparatus at a vehicle that includes identifying, in accordance with receiving a second message from a network node, an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and an automotive user equipment (A-UE) associated with the vehicle, the second message received in response to a first message transmitted by the A-UE. The method also includes selecting, in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link, at least one fallback operation for the vehicle.
[0013] The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the features and technical advantages of examples according to the disclosure in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood. Additional features and advantages will be described hereinafter. The conception and specific examples disclosed may be readily utilized as a basis for modifying or designing other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present disclosure. Such equivalent constructions do not depart from the scope of the appended claims. Characteristics of the concepts disclosed herein, both their organization and method of operation, together with associated advantages will be better understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying figures. Each of the figures is provided for the purposes of illustration and description, and not as a definition of the limits of the claims.
[0014] In various implementations, the techniques and apparatus may be used for wireless communication networks such as code division multiple access (CDMA) networks, time division multiple access (TDMA) networks, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) networks, orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA) networks, single-carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) ng networks, LTE networks, GSM networks, 5th Generation (5G) or new radio (NR) networks (sometimes referred to as “5G NR” networks, systems, or devices) , as well as other communications networks. As described herein, the terms “networks” and “systems” may be used interchangeably.
[0015] A CDMA network, for example, may implement a radio technology such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) , cdma2000, and the like. UTRA includes wideband-CDMA (W-CDMA) and low chip rate (LCR) . CDMA2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95, and IS-856 standards.
[0016] A TDMA network may, for example implement a radio technology such as Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) . The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) defines standards for the GSM EDGE (enhanced data rates for GSM evolution) radio access network (RAN) , also denoted as GERAN. GERAN is the radio component of GSM / EDGE, together with the network that joins the base stations (for example, the Ater and Abis interfaces) and the base station controllers (A interfaces, etc. ) . The radio access network represents a component of a GSM network, through which phone calls and packet data are routed from and to the public switched telephone network (PSTN) and Internet to and from subscriber handsets, also known as user terminals or user equipments (UEs) . A mobile phone operator's network may comprise one or more GERANs, which may be coupled with UTRANs in the case of a UMTS / GSM network. Additionally, an operator network may also include one or more LTE networks, or one or more other networks. The various different network types may use different radio access technologies (RATs) and RANs.
[0017] An OFDMA network may implement a radio technology such as evolved UTRA (E-UTRA) , Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11, IEEE 802.16, IEEE 802.20, flash-OFDM and the like. UTRA, E-UTRA, and GSM are part of universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) . In particular, long term evolution (LTE) is a release of UMTS that uses E-UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, GSM, UMTS and LTE are described in documents provided from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project” (3GPP) , and cdma2000 is described in documents from an organization named “3rd Generation Partnership Project 2” (3GPP2) . 5G networks include diverse deployments, diverse spectrum, and diverse services and devices that may be implemented using an OFDM-based unified, air interface.
[0018] The present disclosure may describe certain aspects with reference to LTE, 4G, or 5G NR technologies; however, the description is not intended to be limited to a specific technology or application, and one or more aspects described with reference to one technology may be understood to be applicable to another technology. Additionally, one or more aspects of the present disclosure may be related to shared access to wireless spectrum between networks using different radio access technologies or radio air interfaces.
[0019] Devices, networks, and systems may be configured to communicate via one or more portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is often subdivided, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, bands, channels, etc. In 5G NR two initial operating bands have been identified as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz –7.125 GHz) and FR2 (24.25 GHz – 52.6 GHz) . The frequencies between FR1 and FR2 are often referred to as mid-band frequencies. Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “sub-6 GHz” band in various documents and articles. A similar nomenclature issue sometimes occurs with regard to FR2, which is often referred to (interchangeably) as a “millimeter wave” (mmWave) band in documents and articles, despite being different from the extremely high frequency (EHF) band (30 GHz – 300 GHz) which is identified by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “mmWave” band.
[0020] With the above aspects in mind, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “sub-6 GHz” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may be less than 6 GHz, may be within FR1, or may include mid-band frequencies. Further, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that the term “mmWave” or the like if used herein may broadly represent frequencies that may include mid-band frequencies, may be within FR2, or may be within the EHF band.
[0021] 5G NR devices, networks, and systems may be implemented to use optimized OFDM-based waveform features. These features may include scalable numerology and transmission time intervals (TTIs) ; a common, flexible framework to efficiently multiplex services and features with a dynamic, low-latency time division duplex (TDD) design or frequency division duplex (FDD) design; and advanced wireless technologies, such as massive multiple input, multiple output (MIMO) , robust mmWave transmissions, advanced channel coding, and device-centric mobility. Scalability of the numerology in 5G NR, with scaling of subcarrier spacing, may efficiently address operating diverse services across diverse spectrum and diverse deployments. For example, in various outdoor and macro coverage deployments of less than 3 GHz FDD or TDD implementations, subcarrier spacing may occur with 15 kHz, for example over 1, 5, 10, 20 MHz, and the like bandwidth. For other various outdoor and small cell coverage deployments of TDD greater than 3 GHz, subcarrier spacing may occur with 30 kHz over 80 / 100 MHz bandwidth. For other various indoor wideband implementations, using a TDD over the unlicensed portion of the 5 GHz band, the subcarrier spacing may occur with 60 kHz over a 160 MHz bandwidth. Finally, for various deployments transmitting with mmWave components at a TDD of 28 GHz, subcarrier spacing may occur with 120 kHz over a 500 MHz bandwidth.
[0022] For clarity, certain aspects of the apparatus and techniques may be described below with reference to example 5G NR implementations or in a 5G-centric way, and 5G terminology may be used as illustrative examples in portions of the description below; however, the description is not intended to be limited to 5G applications.
[0023] Moreover, it should be understood that, in operation, wireless communication networks adapted according to the concepts herein may operate with any combination of licensed or unlicensed spectrum depending on loading and availability. Accordingly, it will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art that the systems, apparatus and methods described herein may be applied to other communications systems and applications than the particular examples provided.
[0024] While aspects and implementations are described in this application by illustration to some examples, those skilled in the art will understand that additional implementations and use cases may come about in many different arrangements and scenarios. Innovations described herein may be implemented across many differing platform types, devices, systems, shapes, sizes, packaging arrangements. For example, implementations or uses may come about via integrated chip implementations or other non-module-component based devices (e.g., end-user devices, vehicles, communication devices, computing devices, industrial equipment, retail devices or purchasing devices, medical devices, AI-enabled devices, etc. ) . While some examples may or may not be specifically directed to use cases or applications, a wide assortment of applicability of described innovations may occur.
[0025] Implementations may range from chip-level or modular components to non-modular, non-chip-level implementations and further to aggregated, distributed, or original equipment manufacturer (OEM) devices or systems incorporating one or more described aspects. In some practical settings, devices incorporating described aspects and features may also necessarily include additional components and features for implementation and practice of claimed and described aspects. It is intended that innovations described herein may be practiced in a wide variety of implementations, including both large devices or small devices, chip-level components, multi-component systems (e.g., radio frequency (RF) -chain, communication interface, processor) , distributed arrangements, end-user devices, etc. of varying sizes, shapes, and constitution.
[0026] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth, such as examples of specific components, circuits, and processes to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. The term “coupled” as used herein means connected directly to or connected through one or more intervening components or circuits. Also, in the following description and for purposes of explanation, specific nomenclature is set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that these specific details may not be required to practice the teachings disclosed herein. In other instances, well known circuits and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring teachings of the present disclosure.
[0027] Some portions of the detailed descriptions which follow are presented in terms of procedures, logic blocks, processing, and other symbolic representations of operations on data bits within a computer memory. In the present disclosure, a procedure, logic block, process, or the like, is conceived to be a self-consistent sequence of steps or instructions leading to a desired result. The steps are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, although not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electrical or magnetic signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared, and otherwise manipulated in a computer system.
[0028] In the figures, a single block may be described as performing a function or functions. The function or functions performed by that block may be performed in a single component or across multiple components, and / or may be performed using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described below generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure. Also, the example devices may include components other than those shown, including well-known components such as a processor, memory, and the like.
[0029] Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the following discussions, it is appreciated that throughout the present application, discussions utilizing the terms such as “accessing, ” “receiving, ” “sending, ” “using, ” “selecting, ” “determining, ” “normalizing, ” “multiplying, ” “averaging, ” “monitoring, ” “comparing, ” “applying, ” “updating, ” “measuring, ” “deriving, ” “settling, ” “generating” or the like, refer to the actions and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (electronic) quantities within the computer system’s registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system’s registers, memories, or other such information storage, transmission, or display devices.
[0030] The terms “device” and “apparatus” are not limited to one or a specific number of physical objects (such as one smartphone, one camera controller, one processing system, and so on) . As used herein, a device may be any electronic device with one or more parts that may implement at least some portions of the disclosure. While the below description and examples use the term “device” to describe various aspects of the disclosure, the term “device” is not limited to a specific configuration, type, or number of objects. As used herein, an apparatus may include a device or a portion of the device for performing the described operations.
[0031] As used herein, including in the claims, the term “or, ” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items may be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items may be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, or C, the composition may contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination.
[0032] Also, as used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items prefaced by “at least one of” indicates a disjunctive list such that, for example, a list of “at least one of A, B, or C” means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (that is A and B and C) or any of these in any combination thereof.
[0033] Also, as used herein, the term “substantially” is defined as largely but not necessarily wholly what is specified (and includes what is specified; for example, substantially 90 degrees includes 90 degrees and substantially parallel includes parallel) , as understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art. In any disclosed implementations, the term “substantially” may be substituted with “within [a percentage] of” what is specified, where the percentage includes . 1, 1, 5, or 10 percent.
[0034] Also, as used herein, relative terms, unless otherwise specified, may be understood to be relative to a reference by a certain amount. For example, terms such as “higher” or “lower” or “more” or “less” may be understood as higher, lower, more, or less than a reference value by a threshold amount.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0035] A further understanding of the nature and advantages of the present disclosure may be realized by reference to the following drawings. In the appended figures, similar components or features may have the same reference label. Further, various components of the same type may be distinguished by following the reference label by a dash and a second label that distinguishes among the similar components. If just the first reference label is used in the specification, the description is applicable to any one of the similar components having the same first reference label irrespective of the second reference label.
[0036] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a motor vehicle with a driver monitoring system according to embodiments of this disclosure.
[0037] FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an example system for a vehicle according to one or more aspects of the disclosure.
[0038] FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating details of an example wireless communication system according to one or more aspects.
[0039] FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example wireless communication system that supports fallback operation and control based on wireless link status according to one or more aspects.
[0040] FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process that supports fallback operation and control based on wireless link status according to one or more aspects
[0041] FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process that supports fallback operation and control based on wireless link status according to one or more aspects.
[0042] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an example UE that supports fallback operation and control based on wireless link status according to one or more aspects.
[0043] FIG. 8 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process that supports fallback operation and control based on wireless link status according to one or more aspects.
[0044] Like reference numbers and designations in the various drawings indicate like elements.DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0045] The detailed description set forth below, in connection with the appended drawings, is intended as a description of various configurations and is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure. Rather, the detailed description includes specific details for the purpose of providing a thorough understanding of the inventive subject matter. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details are not required in every case and that, in some instances, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form for clarity of presentation.
[0046] The present disclosure provides systems, apparatus, methods, and computer-readable media that support fallback operation selection and control for navigation applications, such as based on wireless link quality for vehicles. The reliability of wireless communication links within a vehicle and between a vehicle and an external entity (such as another vehicle, network node, MEC, RSU, and the like) may fluctuate due to variable environmental conditions, network coverage variability, and network congestion.
[0047] Autonomous driving may require a reliable connection between the vehicle and the network for effective operation. For higher levels of automation, such as level 4 or level 5 automation levels as defined by SAE International's levels of driving automation for on-road vehicles, fallback mechanisms are designed for safety assurance. These mechanisms may be initiated when different systems on the vehicle fall below the required level for the automation level of the vehicle.
[0048] Accurately and responsively determining ASIL ratings for wireless communication links of a vehicle requires coordination between network entities and the vehicle. Different networking devices may cover all or part of a road, including base stations, RSUs, and MECs. In different operating conditions and different configurations, resources may be limited (such as when a single device is serving multiple vehicles) . Additionally, it remains uncertain whether future traffic management centers or other servers will control autonomous vehicles, so techniques for determining ASIL ratings may need to account for both possibilities.
[0049] One potential solution involves a network node identifying an ASIL rating for a wireless link between the node and an automotive user equipment A-UE, based on a received message from the A-UE. This message may include vehicle or environmental information, such as vehicle identification, current ASIL ratings for systems, road configuration, and traffic density. The network node may then select a fallback operation for the vehicle according to this data and the ASIL rating, particularly if it falls below a predetermined threshold. The chosen fallback operation may then be transmitted to the A-UE. Selection may also be influenced by traffic information determined by the network node and / or received from other network nodes, or mapping information for an associated road. Details of the selected fallback operation may be transmitted via an Operational Design Domain (ODD) message. If too many devices are connected, the network node may reject additional requests or transmit messages indicating reduced operating modes.
[0050] Another potential solution involves a computing device associated with a vehicle identifying an ASIL rating for a wireless link between the network node and an A-UE for the vehicle based on a second message received from the network node in response to a first message transmitted by the A-UE. Depending on the ASIL rating, at least one fallback operation for the vehicle may be selected, with fallback operations corresponding to preconfigured operations within a mapping for different ASIL ratings. The second message may include indications of fallback operations and could be received as an ODD message via another link to a separate device. The first message from A-UE may contain route or environmental information, vehicle details or combinations thereof.
[0051] Particular implementations of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented to realize one or more of the following potential advantages or benefits. In some aspects, the present disclosure provides techniques that improve networks’ and vehicles’ ability to respond to changes in wireless link quality for autonomous and semiautonomous vehicle operations. This results in safer vehicle operations, leading to benefits like a reduction in vehicular accidents, improved traffic management, and enhanced passenger comfort.
[0052] In certain implementations, vehicles may be permitted determine their own fallback operations, thereby providing flexibility in managing diverse network conditions and vehicle capabilities. Such implementations may be beneficial when a vehicle has greater awareness of a current operating situation than the network node, or has awareness of one or more critical operating failures or considerations that are not available to the network node.
[0053] Other implementations allow centralized control of fallback operations by network nodes, manufacturers, and the like, which promotes safety and coordination across many vehicles. Such implementations may enable coordination across multiple vehicles, which may improve the safety and efficiency of vehicle operation in degraded conditions.
[0054] Further implementations may consider mapping information when determining fallback operations, which may improve the knowledge and prediction of link quality or degradation at different points along a vehicle’s route (such as due to congestion, obstructions, and the like) .
[0055] Certain implementations may communicate fallback operations via manufacturer wireless links to vehicles. Such implementations may enable manufacturer control of fallback operation selection, which may be more aware of vehicle conditions and capabilities than network nodes while also enabling a degree of coordination not available when individual vehicles select fallback operations. Furthermore, such systems may be better able to rely on preset operating modes or levels of automation based on wireless link quality, as they are more aware of specific preset operations for vehicles.
[0056] Another improvement is the ability to control device connections to network nodes. This functionality may not only improve link quality for all users but may also enable adjustments to the operations of vehicles if it is anticipated that a new connection may degrade connection quality for other devices. These preemptive adjustments significantly contribute to enhancing overall safety. Furthermore, if any network node rejection occurs, vehicles are equipped with the capability to reroute their connections seamlessly, ensuring uninterrupted operation.
[0057] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a motor vehicle with a driver monitoring system according to embodiments of this disclosure. A vehicle 100 may include a front-facing camera 112 mounted inside the cabin looking through the windshield 102. The vehicle may also include a cabin-facing camera 114 mounted inside the cabin looking towards occupants of the vehicle 100, and in particular the driver of the vehicle 100. Although one set of mounting positions for cameras 112 and 114 are shown for vehicle 100, other mounting locations may be used for the cameras 112 and 114. For example, one or more cameras may be mounted on one of the driver or passenger B pillars 126 or one of the driver or passenger C pillars 128, such as near the top of the pillars 126 or 128. As another example, one or more cameras may be mounted at the front of vehicle 100, such as behind the radiator grill 130 or integrated with bumper 132. As a further example, one or more cameras may be mounted as part of a driver or passenger side mirror assembly 134.
[0058] The camera 112 may be oriented such that the field of view of camera 112 captures a scene in front of the vehicle 100 in the direction that the vehicle 100 is moving when in drive mode or in a forward direction. In some embodiments, an additional camera may be located at the rear of the vehicle 100 and oriented such that the field of view of the additional camera captures a scene behind the vehicle 100 in the direction that the vehicle 100 is moving when in reverse mode or in a reverse direction. The camera 114 may be oriented such that the field of view of camera 114 captures a scene in the cabin of the vehicle and includes the user operator of the vehicle, and in particular the face of the user operator of the vehicle with sufficient detail to discern a gaze direction of the user operator. Each of the cameras 112 and 114 may include one, two, or more image sensors, such as including a first image sensor.
[0059] FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an example system for a vehicle according to one or more aspects of the disclosure. The vehicle 100 may include a processing system that includes at least one processor and memory circuitry that stores code, the processing system configured to execute the code to cause the vehicle 100 to perform various functions, as discussed herein. For example, the vehicle 100 may include, or otherwise be coupled to, an image signal processor 212 for processing image frames from one or more image sensors, such as a first image sensor 201, a second image sensor 202, and a depth sensor 240. In some implementations, the vehicle 100 also includes or is coupled to a processor (e.g., CPU) 204 and a memory 206 storing instructions 208. The device 100 may also include or be coupled to a display 214 and input / output (I / O) components 216. I / O components 216 may be used for interacting with a user, such as a touch screen interface and / or physical buttons. I / O components 216 may also include network interfaces for communicating with other devices, such as other vehicles, an operator’s mobile devices, and / or a remote monitoring system. The network interfaces may include one or more of a wide area network (WAN) adaptor 252, a local area network (LAN) adaptor 253, and / or a personal area network (PAN) adaptor 254. An example WAN adaptor 252 is a 4G LTE or a 5G NR wireless network adaptor. Another example WAN adaptor 252 is a V2X wireless network adaptor. An example LAN adaptor 253 is an IEEE 802.11 WiFi wireless network adapter. An example PAN adaptor 254 is a Bluetooth wireless network adaptor. Each of the adaptors 252, 253, and / or 254 may be coupled to an antenna, including multiple antennas configured for primary and diversity reception and / or configured for receiving specific frequency bands. The vehicle 100 may further include or be coupled to a power supply 218, such as a battery or an alternator. The vehicle 100 may also include or be coupled to additional features or components that are not shown in Figure 2. In one example, a wireless interface, which may include one or more transceivers and associated baseband processors, may be coupled to or included in WAN adaptor 252 for a wireless communication device. In a further example, an analog front end (AFE) to convert analog image frame data to digital image frame data may be coupled between the image sensors 201 and 202 and the image signal processor 212.
[0060] The vehicle 100 may include a sensor hub 250 for interfacing with sensors to receive data regarding movement of the vehicle 100, data regarding an environment around the vehicle 100, and / or other non-camera sensor data. One example non-camera sensor is a gyroscope, a device configured for measuring rotation, orientation, and / or angular velocity to generate motion data. Another example non-camera sensor is an accelerometer, a device configured for measuring acceleration, which may also be used to determine velocity and distance traveled by appropriately integrating the measured acceleration, and one or more of the acceleration, velocity, and or distance may be included in generated motion data. In further examples, a non-camera sensor may be a global positioning system (GPS) receiver, a light detection and ranging (LiDAR) system, a radio detection and ranging (RADAR) system, or other ranging systems. For example, the sensor hub 250 may interface to a vehicle bus for sending configuration commands and / or receiving information from vehicle sensors 272, such as distance (e.g., ranging) sensors or vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) sensors (e.g., sensors for receiving information from nearby vehicles) .
[0061] The image signal processor (ISP) 212 may receive image data, such as used to form image frames. In one embodiment, a local bus connection couples the image signal processor 212 to image sensors 201 and 202 of a first camera 203, which may correspond to camera 112 of Figure 1, and second camera 205, which may correspond to camera 114 of Figure 1, respectively. In another embodiment, a wire interface may couple the image signal processor 212 to an external image sensor. In a further embodiment, a wireless interface may couple the image signal processor 212 to the image sensor 201, 202.
[0062] The first camera 203 may include the first image sensor 201 and a corresponding first lens 231. The second camera 205 may include the second image sensor 202 and a corresponding second lens 232. Each of the lenses 231 and 232 may be controlled by an associated autofocus (AF) algorithm 233 executing in the ISP 212, which adjust the lenses 231 and 232 to focus on a particular focal plane at a certain scene depth from the image sensors 201 and 202. The AF algorithm 233 may be assisted by depth sensor 240. In some embodiments, the lenses 231 and 232 may have a fixed focus.
[0063] In some embodiments, the image signal processor 212 may execute instructions from a memory, such as instructions 208 from the memory 206, instructions stored in a separate memory coupled to or included in the image signal processor 212, or instructions provided by the processor 204. In addition, or in the alternative, the image signal processor 212 may include specific hardware (such as one or more integrated circuits (ICs) ) configured to perform one or more operations described in the present disclosure. For example, the image signal processor 212 may include one or more image front ends (IFEs) 235, one or more image post-processing engines (IPEs) 236, and or one or more auto exposure compensation (AEC) 234 engines. The AF 233, AEC 234, IFE 235, IPE 236 may each include application-specific circuitry, be embodied as software code executed by the ISP 212, and / or a combination of hardware within and software code executing on the ISP 212.
[0064] In some implementations, the memory 206 may include a non-transient or non-transitory computer readable medium storing computer-executable instructions 208 to perform all or a portion of one or more operations described in this disclosure. In some implementations, the instructions 208 include a camera application (or other suitable application) to be executed during operation of the vehicle 100 for generating images or videos. The instructions 208 may also include other applications or programs executed for the vehicle 100, such as an operating system, mapping applications, or entertainment applications. Execution of the camera application, such as by the processor 204, may cause the vehicle 100 to generate images using the image sensors 201 and 202 and the image signal processor 212. The memory 206 may also be accessed by the image signal processor 212 to store processed frames or may be accessed by the processor 204 to obtain the processed frames. In some embodiments, the vehicle 100 includes a system on chip (SoC) that incorporates the image signal processor 212, the processor 204, the sensor hub 250, the memory 206, and input / output components 216 into a single package.
[0065] In some embodiments, at least one of the image signal processor 212 or the processor 204 executes instructions to perform various operations described herein, including object detection, risk map generation, driver monitoring, and driver alert operations. For example, execution of the instructions can instruct the image signal processor 212 to begin or end capturing an image frame or a sequence of image frames. In some embodiments, the processor 204 may include one or more general-purpose processor cores 204A capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs, such as instructions 208 stored within the memory 206. For example, the processor 204 may include one or more application processors configured to execute the camera application (or other suitable application for generating images or video) stored in the memory 206.
[0066] In some embodiments, the processor 204 may include ICs or other hardware (e.g., an artificial intelligence (AI) engine 224) in addition to the ability to execute software to cause the vehicle 100 to perform a number of functions or operations, such as the operations described herein. In some other embodiments, the vehicle 100 does not include the processor 204, such as when all of the described functionality is configured in the image signal processor 212.
[0067] In some embodiments, the display 214 may include one or more suitable displays or screens allowing for user interaction and / or to present items to the user, such as a preview of the image frames being captured by the image sensors 201 and 202. In some embodiments, the display 214 is a touch-sensitive display. The I / O components 216 may be or include any suitable mechanism, interface, or device to receive input (such as commands) from the user and to provide output to the user through the display 214. For example, the I / O components 216 may include (but are not limited to) a graphical user interface (GUI) , a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, speakers, a squeezable bezel, one or more buttons (such as a power button) , a slider, a switch, and so on. In some embodiments involving autonomous driving, the I / O components 216 may include an interface to a vehicle’s bus for providing commands and information to and receiving information from vehicle systems 270 including propulsion (e.g., commands to increase or decrease speed or apply brakes) and steering systems (e.g., commands to turn wheels, change a route, or change a final destination) .
[0068] While shown to be coupled to each other via the processor 204, components (such as the processor 204, the memory 206, the image signal processor 212, the display 214, and the I / O components 216) may be coupled to each another in other various arrangements, such as via one or more local buses, which are not shown for simplicity. While the image signal processor 212 is illustrated as separate from the processor 204, the image signal processor 212 may be a core of a processor 204 that is an application processor unit (APU) , included in a system on chip (SoC) , or otherwise included with the processor 204. While the vehicle 100 is referred to in the examples herein for including aspects of the present disclosure, some device components may not be shown in Figure 2 to prevent obscuring aspects of the present disclosure. Additionally, other components, numbers of components, or combinations of components may be included in a suitable vehicle for performing aspects of the present disclosure. As such, the present disclosure is not limited to a specific device or configuration of components, including the vehicle 100.
[0069] The vehicle 100 may communicate as a user equipment (UE) , such as an automotive UE (A-UE) within a wireless network 300, such as through WAN adaptor 252, as shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating details of an example wireless communication system 300 according to one or more aspects. Wireless network 300 may, for example, include a 5G wireless network. Additionally or alternatively, wireless network 300 may, for example, include one or more V2X networks. As appreciated by those skilled in the art, components appearing in FIG. 3 are likely to have related counterparts in other network arrangements including, for example, cellular-style network arrangements and non-cellular-style-network arrangements (e.g., device-to-device or peer-to-peer or ad-hoc network arrangements, etc. ) .
[0070] Wireless network 300 illustrated in FIG. 3 includes base stations 305 and other network entities. A base station may be a station that communicates with the UEs and may also be referred to as an evolved node B (eNB) , a next generation eNB (gNB) , an access point, and the like. Each base station 305 may provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In 3GPP, the term “cell” may refer to this particular geographic coverage area of a base station or a base station subsystem serving the coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In implementations of wireless network 300 herein, base stations 305 may be associated with a same operator or different operators (e.g., wireless network 300 may include a plurality of operator wireless networks) . Additionally, in implementations of wireless network 300 herein, base station 305 may provide wireless communications using one or more of the same frequencies (e.g., one or more frequency bands in licensed spectrum, unlicensed spectrum, or a combination thereof) as a neighboring cell. In some examples, an individual base station 305 or UE 315 may be operated by more than one network operating entity. In some other examples, each base station 305 and UE 315 may be operated by a single network operating entity.
[0071] A base station may provide communication coverage for a macro cell or a small cell, such as a pico cell or a femto cell, or other types of cell. A macro cell generally covers a relatively large geographic area (e.g., several kilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions with the network provider. A small cell, such as a pico cell, would generally cover a relatively smaller geographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions with the network provider. A small cell, such as a femto cell, would also generally cover a relatively small geographic area (e.g., a home) and, in addition to unrestricted access, may also provide restricted access by UEs having an association with the femto cell (e.g., UEs in a closed subscriber group (CSG) , UEs for users in the home, and the like) . A base station for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro base station. A base station for a small cell may be referred to as a small cell base station, a pico base station, a femto base station or a home base station. In the example shown in FIG. 3, base stations 305d and 305e are regular macro base stations, while base stations 305a-305c are macro base stations enabled with one of three-dimension (3D) , full dimension (FD) , or massive MIMO. Base stations 305a-305c take advantage of their higher dimension MIMO capabilities to exploit 3D beamforming in both elevation and azimuth beamforming to increase coverage and capacity. Base station 305f is a small cell base station which may be a home node or portable access point. A base station may support one or multiple (e.g., two, three, four, and the like) cells.
[0072] Base stations 305 and other network entities as discussed herein may include a processing system that includes at least one processor and memory circuitry that stores code, the processing system configured to execute the code to cause the network entities to perform one or more of the functions discussed herein (such as one or more functions of network nodes discussed below) .
[0073] Wireless network 300 may support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, the base stations may have similar frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may be approximately aligned in time. For asynchronous operation, the base stations may have different frame timing, and transmissions from different base stations may not be aligned in time. In some scenarios, networks may be enabled or configured to handle dynamic switching between synchronous or asynchronous operations.
[0074] UEs 315 are dispersed throughout the wireless network 300, and each UE may be stationary or mobile. It should be appreciated that, although a mobile apparatus is commonly referred to as a UE in standards and specifications promulgated by the 3GPP, such apparatus may additionally or otherwise be referred to by those skilled in the art as a mobile station (MS) , a subscriber station, a mobile unit, a subscriber unit, a wireless unit, a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a wireless communications device, a remote device, a mobile subscriber station, an access terminal (AT) , a mobile terminal, a wireless terminal, a remote terminal, a handset, a terminal, a user agent, a mobile client, a client, a gaming device, an augmented reality device, vehicular component, vehicular device, or vehicular module, or some other suitable terminology.
[0075] A mobile apparatus, such as UEs 315, may be able to communicate with any type of the base stations, whether macro base stations, pico base stations, femto base stations, relays, and the like. In FIG. 3, a communication link (represented as a lightning bolt) indicates wireless transmissions between a UE and a serving base station, which is a base station designated to serve the UE on the downlink or uplink, or desired transmission between base stations, and backhaul transmissions between base stations. UEs may operate as base stations or other network nodes in some scenarios. Backhaul communication between base stations of wireless network 300 may occur using wired or wireless communication links. Wireless network 300 may also provide additional network efficiency through dynamic, low-latency TDD communications or low-latency FDD communications, such as in a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) mesh network between UEs 315i-315k communicating with macro base station 305e.
[0076] FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an example wireless communications system 400 that supports fallback operation and control based on wireless link status according to one or more aspects. In some examples, wireless communications system 400 may implement aspects of wireless network 300. Wireless communications system 400 includes a computing device 415 and a network node 405. Although one computing device 415 and one network node 405 are illustrated, in some other implementations, wireless communications system 440 may generally include multiple computing devices 415, and may include more than one network node 405.
[0077] Computing device 415 may include a variety of components (such as structural, hardware components) used for carrying out one or more functions described herein. In particular, the computing device 415 may include a processing system that includes at least one processor and memory circuitry that stores code, the processing system configured to execute the code to cause the computing device 415 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, these components may include one or more processors 402 (hereinafter referred to collectively as “processor 402” ) , one or more memory devices 404 (hereinafter referred to collectively as “memory 404” ) , one or more transmitters 416 (hereinafter referred to collectively as “transmitter 416” ) , and one or more receivers 418 (hereinafter referred to collectively as “receiver 418” ) . Processor 402 may be configured to execute instructions stored in memory 404 to perform the operations described herein. In some implementations, processor 402 includes or corresponds to one or more of a receive processor, a transmit processor, and a controller. Memory 404 includes or is configured to store information 407, ASIL ratings 420, one or more fallback operations 422, and vehicle control instructions 424.
[0078] Transmitter 416 is configured to transmit reference signals, control information and data to one or more other devices, and receiver 418 is configured to receive references signals, synchronization signals, control information and data from one or more other devices. For example, transmitter 416 may transmit signaling, control information and data to, and receiver 418 may receive signaling, control information and data from, the network node base station 405. In some implementations, transmitter 416 and receiver 418 may be integrated in one or more transceivers. Additionally or alternatively, transmitter 416 or receiver 418 may include or correspond to one or more components of the processing system described with reference to FIG. 2.
[0079] Network node 405 may include a variety of components (such as structural, hardware components) used for carrying out one or more functions described herein. In particular, a processing system that includes at least one processor and memory circuitry that stores code, the processing system configured to execute the code to cause the network node to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, these components may include one or more processors 452 (hereinafter referred to collectively as “processor 452” ) , one or more memory devices 454 (hereinafter referred to collectively as “memory 454” ) , one or more transmitters 456 (hereinafter referred to collectively as “transmitter 456” ) , and one or more receivers 458 (hereinafter referred to collectively as “receiver 458” ) . Processor 452 may be configured to execute instructions stored in memory 454 to perform the operations described herein. Memory 454 includes or is configured to store information 460 and ASIL ratings 462.
[0080] Transmitter 456 is configured to transmit reference signals, synchronization signals, control information and data to one or more other devices, and receiver 458 is configured to receive reference signals, control information and data from one or more other devices. For example, transmitter 456 may transmit signaling, control information and data to, and receiver 458 may receive signaling, control information and data from, UE 115. In some implementations, transmitter 456 and receiver 458 may be integrated in one or more transceivers. Additionally or alternatively, transmitter 456 or receiver 458 may include or correspond to one or more components of base station 105 described with reference to FIG. 2.
[0081] In some implementations, wireless communications system 400 implements a 5G NR network. For example, wireless communications system 400 may include multiple 5G-capable computing devices 415 and multiple 5G-capable network nodes 405, such as UEs and base stations configured to operate in accordance with a 5G NR network protocol such as that defined by the 3GPP. In some implementations, wireless communications system 400 implements a V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) network. For example, wireless communication system 400 may implement a network according to a V2I (Vehicle-to-Infrastructure) protocol, a V2V (Vehicle-to-Vehicle) protocol, a V2P (Vehicle-to-Pedestrian) , protocol, a V2N (Vehicle-to-Network) protocol, or combinations thereof.
[0082] Wireless communication system 400 also includes a computing device 495. The computing device 495 may include a variety of components (such as structural, hardware components) used for carrying out one or more functions described herein. For example, these components may include one or more processors, one or more memory devices, one or more transmitters, and one or more receivers. The processor may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory to perform the operations described herein. Certain implementations of the system 400 may omit the computing device 495. Additional or alternative implementations of the system 400 may include multiple computing device 495.
[0083] During operation of wireless communications system 400, the network node may be configured to determine ASIL ratings for communications with one or more vehicles (such as with one or more computing devices located within or otherwise associated with vehicles) . Fallback operations may then be determined based on the ASIL ratings.
[0084] In particular, the network node 405 may be configured to identify an ASIL rating 462 for a wireless link between the network node 405 and the computing device 415. The computing device 415 may be associated with a vehicle, such as the vehicle 100. In particular, the computing device 415 may be an apparatus for wireless communication at a vehicle, and may include one or more computing devices configured to control vehicle operations (such as autonomous operations, semi-autonomous operations) , transmit and receive messages on behalf of the vehicle, or combinations thereof. In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may be implemented as an automotive user equipment (A-UE) , an advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) processor, or combinations thereof.
[0085] The network node 405 may be a device configured to communicate with such apparatuses (such as such computing devices) according to one or more protocols. In certain implementations, the network node may be implemented as a base station, such as the base stations 305. In additional or alternative implementations, the network node 405 may be implemented as a road-side unit (RSU) , mobile edge computer (MEC) , and combinations thereof.
[0086] In certain implementations, wireless links between network nodes and vehicles may be any communicative link (such as wireless communication link) between the network node 405 and the vehicle. In certain implementations, the wireless link may be implemented according to a V2X protocol, such as one or more of the V2X protocols discussed above. In additional or alternative implementations, the wireless link may be implemented at least in part using cellular communication protocols, such as 5G NR.
[0087] In certain implementations, ASIL ratings are utilized as a risk classification scheme for road vehicle functional safety (such as according to the ISO 26262 standard) . ASIL ratings provide a measure of the reliability and safety of different systems of vehicle. the wireless links between network nodes and vehicles. An ASIL rating may be determined based on the likelihood severity, exposure, and controllability of a potential failure. The rating ranges from ASIL A, being the lowest safety integrity level, to ASIL D, being the highest. Different systems of a vehicle may have separate corresponding ASIL ratings. For example, for the wireless link, an ASIL A rating may indicate that the wireless link may be likely to fail in a way that will cause a critical safety impact. As another example, an ASIL D rating may indicate indicates that failure of the wireless link is unlikely or that failure is unlikely to have significant safety consequences for the vehicle.
[0088] In certain implementations, the network node 405 may be configured to determine the ASIL rating 462 in accordance with receiving a first message 480 from a vehicle, such as a first message 480 received from the computing device 415. In certain implementations, the ASIL rating 462 may be identified in accordance with a signal strength of the first message 480. In certain implementations, the network node 405 may store (such as with the memory 454) a mapping or other procedure for determining corresponding ASIL ratings 462 based on signal strength measures for received messages. In certain implementations, the ASIL rating 462 may additionally or alternatively be determined based on link quality measures, quality of service measures, recent channel measurements, historical channel measurements, or combinations thereof.
[0089] In certain implementations, the first message 480 may include a route of the vehicle. In additional or alternative implementations, the route may be received from another computing device, such as a navigation server or a computing device associated with a manufacturer of the vehicle. The ASIL rating 462 may be determined for the wireless link along at least a portion of the route. For example, the network node 405 may be configured to determine multiple ASIL ratings for the computing device 415 (such as a current ASIL rating based on the first message and one or more predicted ASIL ratings at locations along the route) , and the ASIL rating 462 may be determined based on the multiple ASIL ratings. In certain implementations, the ASIL rating 462 for the wireless link may be determined as a current ASIL rating for the wireless link, a predicted minimum ASIL rating along the route, other predicted ASIL ratings along the route, or combinations thereof. In certain implementations, the ASIL rating 462 may identify one or more of a start time, an end time, a start location, an end location, or a combination thereof for the determined rating.
[0090] In certain implementations, the network node 405 may identify the ASIL rating for the wireless link in response to receiving a request from the vehicle to connect to the network node 405, such as a request included within the first message. In additional or alternative implementations, the network node 405 may identify the ASIL rating 462 for the wireless link at regular intervals while the vehicle is connected to the network node 405.
[0091] The network node 405 may be configured to transmit a second message 470 to the vehicle that includes a fallback operation 422 for a vehicle associated with the computing device 415. Fallback operations may include specific operations to be performed by the vehicle. For example, fallback operations may include autonomous lane exits, autonomous parking, stopping in path, user operation fallback, maximum operating speeds, and the like. In additional or alternative implementations, fallback operations may include specific autonomous or semi-autonomous operation levels. In certain implementations, the fallback operation 422 is selected in accordance with the ASIL rating 462 for the wireless link. In certain implementations, the network node 405 may be configured to select the fallback operation 422 in response to determining that the ASIL rating is below a predetermined threshold (such as a preset threshold) . For example, the ASIL rating 462 (such as a current ASIL rating, a predicted minimum ASIL rating) for the wireless link may be compared to the predetermined threshold. In certain implementations, the predetermined threshold may be associated with a mapping (such as a mapping included within the information 460) . For example, the fallback operation 422 may correspond to a preconfigured fallback operation 422 for the ASIL rating 462 (such as a current value of the ASIL rating 462) within a mapping. The mapping may indicate corresponding fallback operations for different ranges of ASIL ratings of the wireless link. For example, the mapping may indicate that level 4 operation is associated with an ASIL rating of D for the wireless link and level 3 operation is associated with an ASIL rating of C for the wireless link. Upon determining that the ASIL rating 462 for the wireless link is a C, the network node 405 may accordingly determine the fallback operation 422 as level 3 operation of the vehicle.
[0092] In certain implementations, the network node 405 may be configured to determine the fallback operation 422 based on additional information, such as vehicle information, environment information, traffic information, mapping information, and combinations thereof. In certain implementations, the first message 480 may include vehicle information 407 for the vehicle (such as information determined by the vehicle) . The vehicle information 407 may include (i) vehicle identification information, (ii) vehicle capability information, (iii) current ASIL ratings for one or more vehicle systems, or (iv) a combination thereof. In such instances, the method may further include selecting the fallback operation 422 in accordance with the vehicle information 407. For example, the vehicle identifying information may determine that the vehicle is capable of level 3 autonomous operation and below. Accordingly, the fallback operation 422 may be selected to comply with the capabilities of the vehicle. In particular, the network node 405 may have different mappings for different types of vehicles, including vehicles capable of different levels of autonomy, different makes / models of vehicles, and the like. In certain implementations, the mappings may be received from manufacturers or safety authorities.
[0093] In certain implementations, vehicle identification information may refer to unique indications, details, or other identifiers that may help distinctively recognize or identify a particular vehicle. For example, vehicle identification information may include the vehicle identification number (VIN) , license plate number, year of manufacture, make, model, color, engine type, and the like for a vehicle.
[0094] In certain implementations, vehicle capability information may indicate the current capabilities of a vehicle. For example, vehicle capability information may include mechanical capabilities (such as acceleration, braking rate, current speed, top speed, and the like) . Vehicle capability information may also include computation abilities (such as available processing power, computational capabilities, communicative systems, and the like) . Vehicle capability information may also include sensing abilities (such as available sensors, sensor placements, sensor characteristics, and the like) . Vehicle capability information may also include communicative abilities (such as current communicative pairing, available communication systems, supported communication protocols, and the like) . Vehicle capability information may also include autonomous or semi-autonomous capability information (such as levels of autonomy a vehicle is capable of, a current level of autonomy for the vehicle, and combinations thereof) . In certain implementations, the vehicle capability information may indicate a hardware statistical failure probability for certain vehicle systems, subsystems, or combinations thereof (such as RF chain failure probability) .
[0095] In certain implementations, ASIL ratings 420 for other systems may include ratings for systems other than the wireless link. For example, the current ASIL ratings 420 may include ratings for sensing systems, guidance systems, navigation systems, and combinations thereof. The ASIL ratings 420 may be determined by the computing device 415, the vehicle, or combinations thereof.
[0096] In certain implementations, the first message 480 may include environmental information for a road associated with the vehicle. In additional or alternative implementations, the network node 405 may receive the environmental information from another computing device, such as a navigation server, manufacturer server, and the like. The environmental information may include (i) road configuration for the road, (ii) traffic density for the road, (iii) a following distance for the vehicle on the road, or (iv) a combination thereof. In such instances, the network node 405 may be configured to select the fallback operation 422 in accordance with the environmental information. For example, the environmental information may indicate that a following distance for the vehicle is less than a predetermined threshold (such as 20 feet) , and the fallback operation 422 may be determined as a reduced operating speed for the vehicle (such as until the following distance is greater than or equal to the threshold) . In certain implementations, some of the environmental information may be received by the network node 405, and some may be determined by the network node 405 (such as based on other messages received by the network node 405, based on signal measurements between the network node 405 and other devices or vehicles on the road, and the like) .
[0097] Road configuration information may include a number of lanes for the road, a current lane for the vehicle, a speed limit for the road, and the like. Traffic density may include a number of vehicles within a threshold distance of the vehicle on the road. The following distance may include a distance between the vehicle and the closest vehicle in front of the vehicle, behind the vehicle, and the like.
[0098] In certain implementations, the network node 405 may select the fallback operation 422 in accordance with traffic information for a road associated with the vehicle (such as traffic information contained within the information 460) . In certain implementations, the traffic information may include information regarding vehicles, road conditions, and the like for a current location of the vehicle, locations along the route of the vehicle, or combinations thereof. In certain implementations, the traffic information may include a traffic density index, positions for vehicles (such as lane positions) , vehicle speeds, and the like. For example, if the traffic information indicates a high level of congestion or low vehicle speeds along the route of the vehicle, the fallback operation 422 may be selected as a lower level of autonomy (such as level 2 or 3) , a lower maximum operating speed, or combinations thereof.
[0099] In certain implementations, at least a portion of the traffic information may be determined based on RF sensing, by the network node 405, of (i) traffic density, (ii) vehicle positions, (iii) vehicle speeds, or (iv) a combination thereof. For example, RF sensing may be used to determine traffic information by transmitting RF signals and analyzing the signal changes caused by objects in their path, such as other vehicles. The changes in these signals, including time delay and frequency shift, may be utilized to identify the speed, direction, and volume of traffic. In certain implementations, RF sensing may enable more accurate location determination than relying on GNSS location determinations (such as received from vehicles on the road) . Additionally or alternatively, the network node 405 may utilize wireless links between at least a subset of vehicles on the road to determine traffic information (such as based on position, speed, or other information received from connected vehicles) . In certain implementations, the traffic information may be received at least in part from another network node, such as another network node along the route of the vehicle. In certain implementations, the traffic information may be received over a terminal node controller protocol. In certain implementations, one or more other network nodes may determine traffic information using one or more of the techniques discussed above. In such implementations, the network node 405 may receive traffic information from other network nodes, may transmit traffic information to other network nodes, or combinations thereof. In certain implementations, the network node 405 may receive the traffic information at regular intervals from other network nodes. In additional or alternative implementations, the network node 405 may request traffic information (such as for one or more locations along a route received for the vehicle) and may receive the traffic information from one or more other network nodes in response to the request. In certain implementations, terminal node controller protocols may include protocols used to communicate between one or more network nodes. In certain implementations, terminal node controller protocols may include the X-3 protocol, the 5G NR protocol, and the like. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, the X-3 messaging protocol may be a communication interface that facilitates the transmission of intercepted data in the realm of Lawful Interception (LI) . This interface forms a part of a series of standardized interfaces, namely X1, X2, and X3, and may be delineated in the ETSI TS 103 221 standard.
[0100] In certain implementations, the network node 405 may be configured to select the fallback operation 422 in accordance with mapping information for a road associated with the vehicle (such as mapping information contained within the information 460) . In certain implementations, the mapping information may include information regarding roads at a current location of the vehicle, along the route of the vehicle, or combinations thereof. For example, the mapping information may include high-definition (HD) maps for at least one road associated with the vehicle. In certain implementations, the mapping information may be received in response to a request transmitted by the network node 405. For example, the mapping information may be received from a server or other computing device. The request may include (i) an identifier of the network node 405, (ii) a location of the network node 405 (such as a GNSS location) , (iii) at least one identifier of at least one neighboring network node 405, (iv) at least on location of at least one neighboring node, or (v) a combination thereof. In certain implementations, the mapping information may be received at least in part from another network node 405 over a terminal node controller protocol (such as the X-3 protocol) .
[0101] In certain implementations, the second message 470 may be transmitted via the wireless link between the network node 405 and the computing device 415. For example, the second message 470 may be transmitted via the same wireless link by which the first message 480 was received.
[0102] In additional or alternative implementations, the second message 470 may be transmitted via other communicative links to the computing device 415. In certain implementations, the second wireless link may be separate from the first wireless link. For example, the second wireless link may not be between the vehicle and the network node 405. Instead, the second wireless link may be between the vehicle and another computing device 495. For example, a manufacturer of the vehicle may maintain a communicative link between the vehicle and a server or other computing device associated with the manufacturer. In such implementations, the second message may be sent as an operational design domain (ODD) message 492 from the manufacturer via a second wireless link between the computing device 415 and the computing device 495, such as an ODD message 492 sent in response to a message 490 received from the network node 405. ODD messages may indicate, for example, an allowed speed range for the vehicle, a prohibited speed range for the vehicle, allowed operations (such as lane changing, passing) , prohibited operations, suggested following distances, and the like.
[0103] In certain implementations, the network node 405 may be configured to transmit the fallback operation 422 to the computing device 495 (such as via a message 490) in response to a request received from the computing device 495. In additional or alternative implementations, the computing device 495 may be configured to transmit fallback operations to the computing device 495 at regular intervals (such as based on messages received from the vehicle, determined changes to the ASIL rating 462 of the wireless link, and the like) .
[0104] In various implementations, the second message 470 may be sent as a push message to the computing device 415 (such as without receiving a request from the computing device 415) . In additional or alternative implementations, the second message 470 may be sent in response to receiving a request from the computing device 415.
[0105] In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may be configured to implement the fallback operation 422 selected by the network node 405. In additional or alternative implementations, the computing device 415 may determine a separate fallback operation and may ignore the fallback operation included within the second message 470.
[0106] In certain implementations, the network node 405 may not determine a fallback operation 422 for the vehicle. For example, the second message 470 may contain the ASIL rating 462 for the wireless link and may not include a fallback operation 422. In such instances, the vehicle may be configured to determine its own fallback operation 422, as explained further below.
[0107] In still further implementations, the network node 405 may not determine the ASIL rating 462. For example, the computing device 415 may instead receive the second message 470 from the network node 405 and may determine the ASIL rating 462 for the wireless link based on the second message 470. In such instances, the computing device 415 may determine the ASIL rating 462 using one or more of the techniques discussed above in connection with the network node 405 determining the ASIL rating 462 (such as based on the second message 470 instead of the first message 480) .
[0108] In certain implementations, a manufacturer for the vehicle may determine the fallback operation 422 (such as instead of the network node 405) and may transmit the fallback operation 422 to the vehicle. For example, the network node 405 may be configured to transmit information (such as ASIL ratings, information received from the vehicle) to the computing device 495 at regular intervals. In such instances, the computing device 495 may then be configured to determine fallback operations that are transmitted to the computing device 415 (such as via ODD messages 492, via the network node 405) .
[0109] In certain implementations, the network node 405 may be configured to perform load balancing and other types of network management operations. For example, the first message 480 may be a request for the vehicle to connect to the network node 405. In certain implementations, the network node 405 may, in response to receiving the first message 480, determine a current quantity of devices (such as other vehicles) that are connected to the network node 405 and may compare the current quantity to a predetermined threshold. The predetermined threshold may indicate a quantity of devices or vehicles that the network node 405 may be able to support without a degradation of quality (such as a decrease in wireless link ASIL rating) for connected devices. For example, the predetermined threshold may be determined based on signal quality, current operating conditions, data transfer requirements for connected devices, autonomy levels for connected devices, capabilities of the network node 405, and the like.
[0110] In certain implementations, if the network node 405 determines that the current quantity is less than the predetermined threshold, the vehicle may be permitted to connect. Permission to connect may be included within the second message 480, may be separately communicated, or combinations thereof. In certain implementations, if the network node 405 determines that the current quantity is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, the network node 405 may not allow the vehicle to connect. For example, the network node 405 may be configured to transmit, to the computing device 415, a third message 482 that rejects the request for the computing device 415 to connect to the network node 405. In additional or alternative implementations, if the network node 405 determines that the current quantity is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, the network node 405 may still allow the computing device 415 to connect. For example, the network node 405 may be configured to transmit, to the computing device 415 and at least a subset of the other devices connected to the network node 405, a plurality of messages indicating reduced operating modes. The reduced operating modes may indicate reduced levels of autonomy, reduced operating speeds, increased following distances, form platooning, or combinations thereof. In certain implementations, the network node 405 may identify corresponding operating modes for different numbers of connected devices, different levels of network congestion, and the like (such as within a mapping or other process) . In certain implementations, instead of transmitting specific reduced operating modes, the network node 405 may transmit a message containing a lower wireless link ASIL rating to at least a subset of the devices, which may then determine their own fallback operations. In certain implementations, the reduced operating modes may be transmitted individually to the subset of vehicles (such as using an unicast protocol) . In additional or alternative implementations, reduced operating modes may be transmitted to multiple vehicles with the same message (such as using a broadcast protocol) .
[0111] Turning now to the computing device 415, during operation of wireless communications system 400, the computing device 415 may be configured to determine and / or receive fallback operations for an associated vehicle.
[0112] In particular, the computing device 415 may be configured to identify, in accordance with receiving a second message 470 from a network node 405, the ASIL rating 462 for a wireless link between the network node 405 and the computing device 415. The second message 470 may be received in response to a first message 480 transmitted by the computing device 415. In certain implementations, first messages 480 may include information that may be used by the network node 405 to determine the ASIL rating. In certain implementations, the first message 480 may include a route for the vehicle, and the ASIL rating 462 may be determined for the wireless link along at least a portion of the route. In certain implementations, the second message 470 may include the ASIL rating 462. In additional or alternative implementations, the computing device 415 may determine the ASIL rating 462 based on the second message 470 (such as based on a signal strength of the second message 470) .
[0113] The computing device 415 may be configured to select at least one fallback operation 422 for the vehicle. In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may determine the fallback operation 422 based on the ASIL rating 462. In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may be configured to select the at least one fallback operation 422 in response to determining that the ASIL rating 462 is below a predetermined threshold. In certain implementations, the at least one fallback operation 422 corresponds to a preconfigured fallback operation 422 for the ASIL rating within a mapping. The mapping may indicate corresponding fallback operations for ranges of ASIL ratings 462 of the wireless link. In various implementations, the mappings used by the vehicle may be similar to those discussed above for the network node 405. In certain implementations, the mappings may be received from a manufacturer of the vehicle, a vehicle safety authority, and the like.
[0114] In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may also be configured to determine fallback operations based on other ASIL ratings 420 for other systems of the vehicle. ASIL ratings 420 for other systems may include ratings for systems other than the wireless link. For example, the ASIL ratings 420 may include ratings for sensing systems, guidance systems, navigation systems, and combinations thereof. For example, the vehicle may use mappings between different systems’ ASIL ratings and corresponding operating modes and may select the lowest operating mode identified in the mapping. For example, the ASIL rating for the wireless link may be ASIL D, which may qualify for fully autonomous operation of the vehicle. However, an ASIL rating for the anti-lock braking system (ABS) may be lower, such as ASIL C, which may correspond to level 2 operation. In such instances, the fallback operation determined by the computing device 415 may be level 2 operation of the vehicle.
[0115] In certain implementations, the network node 405 may select or otherwise indicate the fallback operation 422. In certain implementations, the second message 470 may include an indication of a first fallback operation 422, which may then be selected as the at least one fallback operation 422 for the vehicle. In certain implementations, the second message 470 may be received via the wireless link with the network node 405. In additional or alternative implementations, the second message 470 may be received by a separate wireless link, such as with a manufacturer of the vehicle. In certain implementations, the second message may be received as an ODD message 492 via a second wireless link between the computing device 415 and a computing device 495 separate from the network node 405. In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may select the fallback operation 422 in response to receiving a second message 470 that contains a fallback operation 422. In additional or alternative implementations, the computing device 415 may not select the received fallback operation and may instead determine a separate fallback operation 422 (such as using one or more of the techniques discussed herein) .
[0116] In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may transmit additional information (such as from the information 407) to the network node 405. The network node 405 may then be configured to select the fallback operation 422 based at least in part on this information, as discussed above. For example, in certain implementations, the first message 480 may include vehicle information. The vehicle information 407 may include (i) vehicle identifying information, (ii) vehicle capability information, (iii) current ASIL ratings 420 for one or more vehicle systems, or (iv) a combination thereof. In certain implementations, the first message 480 may include environmental information for a road associated with the vehicle. The environmental information may include (i) road configuration for the road, (ii) traffic density for the road, (iii) a following distance for the vehicle on the road, of (iv) a combination thereof.
[0117] In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may be configured to determine the fallback operation 422 based on the above information. For example, the computing device 415 may be configured to determine the fallback operation 422 based on vehicle information, environmental information, traffic information, or a combination thereof.
[0118] In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may be further configured to identify vehicle control instructions 424 to cause the vehicle to perform the at least one fallback operation 422. In certain implementations, vehicle control instructions 424 may refer to the set of commands and guidelines that directly or indirectly regulate the movement of a vehicle. These instructions may come in the form of direct vehicular control instructions, such as steering, braking, accelerating or combinations thereof. In additional or alternative implementations, vehicle control instructions 424 may be supplementary instructions that support driver assistance programs, such as obstacle avoidance, blind spot monitoring, and other driver assistance alerts.
[0119] In certain implementations, the second message 470, or another message 472, received from the network node 405 may indicate that the computing device 415 is allowed to connect to the network node 405. As noted above, the computing device 415 may also receive a reduced operating mode and may transition to the reduced operating mode when connecting to the network node 405 (such as in a message 472) . In additional or alternative implementations, the second message 470, or another message 472, received from the network node 405 may indicate that the computing device 415 is not permitted to connect to the network node 405. In such instances, the computing device 415 may be configured to determine a new network node to connect to, and may transmit a message (such as the first message 480 or an updated version thereof) to the new network node. In certain instances, the new network node may be along the vehicle’s current route. In other instances, no alternative network nodes may be located along the vehicle’s current route, and the computing device 415 may instead be configured to determine a new route (such as a new route with an available network node) . In still further implementations, the vehicle may proceed along its current route without connecting to the network node 405 or another network node 405 (such as at a reduced level of autonomy) .
[0120] As described with reference to FIG. 4, the present disclosure provides techniques for improving the response of networks and vehicles to changes in wireless link quality for autonomous operations. The result is safer vehicle operations, reducing accidents, improving traffic management, and enhancing passenger comfort. Vehicles may autonomously determine fallback operations or be centrally controlled by network nodes or manufacturers, offering flexibility in diverse network conditions. Additionally, the technology can control device connections to network nodes, improving link quality for all users and allowing for preemptive operational adjustments if a new connection threatens to degrade quality. If a network node rejection occurs, vehicles can reroute their connections seamlessly for uninterrupted operation.
[0121] FIG. 5 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process 500 that supports fallback operation and control based on wireless link status according to one or more aspects. Operations of process 500 may be performed by a base station, such as base station 305 described above with reference to FIG. 3 or a base station as described above with reference to FIG. 7. Operations of process 500 may be performed by a network node, such as network node 405. For example, example operations of process 600 may enable network node 405 to support fallback operation and control based on wireless link status.
[0122] The process 500 includes identifying, in accordance with receiving a first message from a computing device, an ASIL rating for a wireless link between the network node and the computing device (block 502) . For example, the network node 405 may identify, in accordance with receiving a first message 480 from the computing device 415, an ASIL rating 462 for a wireless link between the network node 405 and the computing device 415. In certain implementations, the ASIL rating 462 may be identified in accordance with a signal strength of the first message 480. In certain implementations, the first message 480 may include a route of the vehicle, and the ASIL rating may be determined for the wireless link along at least a portion of the route. In certain implementations, the ASIL rating 462 for the wireless link may be determined as a current ASIL rating for the wireless link, a predicted minimum ASIL rating along the route, other predicted ASIL ratings along the route, or combinations thereof. In certain implementations, the network node 405 may identify the ASIL rating 462 for the wireless link in response to receiving a request from the computing device 415 to connect to the network node 405, such as a request included within the first message 480. In additional or alternative implementations, the network node 405 may identify the ASIL rating 462 for the wireless link at regular intervals while the computing device 415 is connected to the network node 405.
[0123] The process 500 includes transmitting a second message to the computing device that may include a fallback operation for a vehicle associated with the computing device (block 504) . For example, the network node 405 may transmit a second message 470 to the computing device 415 that includes a fallback operation 422 for a vehicle associated with the computing device 415. The fallback operation 422 may be selected in accordance with the ASIL rating 462 for the wireless link.
[0124] In certain implementations, the process 500 includes selecting the fallback operation 422 in response to determining that the ASIL rating is below a predetermined threshold. In certain implementations, the fallback operation 422 corresponds to a preconfigured fallback operation 422 for the ASIL rating 462 within a mapping, and the mapping may indicate indicating corresponding fallback operations for ranges of ASIL ratings of the wireless link.
[0125] In certain implementations, the first message 480 may include vehicle information 407 for the vehicle, the vehicle information comprising (i) vehicle identification information, (ii) vehicle capability information, (iii) current ASIL ratings 420 for one or more vehicle systems, or (iv) a combination thereof. In such instances, the process 500 may further include selecting the fallback operation 422 in accordance with the vehicle information.
[0126] In certain implementations, the first message 480 may include environmental information for a road associated with the computing device 415, the environmental information comprising (i) road configuration for the road, (ii) traffic density for the road, (iii) a following distance for the vehicle on the road, or (iv) a combination thereof. In such instances, the process 500 may further include selecting the fallback operation 422 in accordance with the environmental information.
[0127] In certain implementations, the process 500 further includes selecting the fallback operation 422 in accordance with traffic information for a road associated with the computing device 415. In certain implementations, at least a portion of the traffic information may be determined based on RF sensing, by the network node 405, of (i) traffic density, (ii) vehicle positions, (iii) vehicle speeds, or (iv) a combination thereof. In certain implementations, the traffic information may be received at least in part from another network node 405 over a terminal node controller protocol.
[0128] In certain implementations, the process 500 further includes selecting the fallback operation 422 in accordance with mapping information for a road associated with the computing device 415. In certain implementations, the mapping information may be received in response to a request transmitted by the network node 405, the request including (i) an identifier of the network node 405, (ii) a location of the network node 405, (iii) at least one identifier of at least one neighboring network node 405, (iv) at least one location of at least one neighboring node, or (v) a combination thereof. In certain implementations, the mapping information may be received at least in part from another network node 405 over a terminal node controller protocol.
[0129] In certain implementations, the second message 470 may be transmitted via the wireless link between the network node 405 and the vehicle. In additional or alternative implementations, the second message 470 may be transmitted via other communicative links to the vehicle. In certain implementations, the second message may be transmitted as an ODD message via a second wireless link between the computing device 415 and a computing device 495 separate from the network node 405.
[0130] In certain implementations, the process 500 further includes transmitting the fallback operation 422 to the computing device 415 in response to a request received from the computing device 415.
[0131] In certain implementations, the first message 480 may be a request for the computing device 415 to connect to the network node 405. In certain implementations, the network node 405 may, in response to receiving the first message, determine a current quantity of devices (such as other vehicles) that are connected to the network node 405 and compare the current quantity to a predetermined threshold. In certain implementations, if the network node 405 determines that the current quantity is less than the predetermined threshold, the computing device 415 may be permitted to connect. In certain implementations, if the network node 405 determines that the current quantity is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, the network node 405 may not allow the computing device 415 to connect. For example, the networking node may be configured to transmit, to the vehicle, a third message 472 that rejects the request for the vehicle to connect to the network node 405, the third message transmitted in accordance with determining that the current quantity of devices connected to the network node 405 exceeds a threshold for the network node 405. In certain implementations, in additional or alternative implementations, if the network node 405 determines that the current quantity is greater than or equal to the predetermined threshold, the network node 405 may still allow the computing device 415 to connect. For example, the networking node may be configured to transmit, to the vehicle and at least a subset of the other vehicles connected to the network node 405, a plurality of messages indicating reduced operating modes.
[0132] FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an example network node 700 that supports fallback operation and control based on wireless link status according to one or more aspects. Network node 700 may be configured to perform operations, including the blocks of process 500 described with reference to FIGs. 5-6. Network node 700 may include controller 740, which operates to execute logic or computer instructions stored in memory 742, as well as controlling the components of network node 700 that provide the features and functionality of network node 700. Network node 700, under control of controller 740, transmits and receives signals via wireless radios 701a-t and antennas 734a-t. Wireless radios 701a-t may include various components and hardware, including modulator and demodulators, transmit processor, TX MIMO processor, MIMO detector, receive processor, or combinations thereof. In additional or alternative implementations, network node 700 may include the structure, hardware, and components shown and described with reference to network node 405.
[0133] As shown, the memory 742 may include information 702, ASIL rating determination logic 703, and fallback operation determination logic 704. Information 702 may correspond to the information 407. ASIL rating determination logic 703 may be configured to determine ASIL ratings for wireless links, such as by performing block 502 of the process 500. Fallback operation determination logic 704 may be configured to determine fallback operations for vehicles, such as by performing block 504 of the process 500. Network node 700 may receive signals from or transmit signals to one or more UEs, such as UEs 315 of FIG. 3. Additionally or alternatively, network node 700 may receive signals from or transmit signals to computing devices associated with vehicles, such as the computing device 415 of FIG. 4 or the computing device 800 of FIG. 8.
[0134] FIG. 6 is a flow diagram illustrating an example process 600 that supports a fallback operation and control based on wireless link status according to one or more aspects. Operations of process 600 may be performed by a computing device, such as computing device 415 described above with reference to FIG. 4, a computing device 800 as described with reference to FIG. 8, or a UE 315 described above with reference to FIG. 3. For example, example operations (also referred to as “blocks” ) of process 600 may enable computing device 415 to support fallback operation and control based on wireless link status.
[0135] The process 600 includes identifying, in accordance with receiving a second message from a network node 405, an ASIL rating for a wireless link between the network node and a computing device (block 602) . For example, the computing device 415 may identify, in accordance with receiving a second message 470 from a network node 405, an ASIL rating 462 for a wireless link between the network node 405 and the computing device 415. The second message 470 may be received in response to a first message 480 transmitted by the computing device 415. In certain implementations, the first message may include a route for the vehicle, and the ASIL rating may be determined for the wireless link along at least a portion of the route.
[0136] The process 600 includes selecting, in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link, at least one fallback operation for the vehicle (block 604) . For example, the computing device 415 may select, in accordance with the ASIL rating 462 for the wireless link, at least one fallback operation 422 for the vehicle. In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may determine the fallback operation 422 based on the ASIL rating 562. In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may select the at least one fallback operation 422 in response to determining that the ASIL rating 462 is below a predetermined threshold. In certain implementations, the at least one fallback operation 422 corresponds to a preconfigured fallback operation 422 for the ASIL rating within a mapping, the mapping indicating corresponding fallback operations for ranges of ASIL ratings 462 of the wireless link.
[0137] In certain implementations, the network node 405 may select or otherwise indicate the fallback operation 422. In certain implementations, the second message 470 may include an indication of a first fallback operation 422, the first fallback operation 422 being selected as the at least one fallback operation 422 for the vehicle. In certain implementations, the second message may be received via the wireless link with the network node 405. In certain implementations, the second message may be received as an ODD message via a second wireless link between the computing device 415 and a computing device 495 separate from the network node 405.
[0138] In certain implementations, the vehicle may perform the fallback operation 422 in response to receiving a second message that contains the fallback operation 422. In additional or alternative implementations, the vehicle may not perform the received fallback operation and may instead determine a separate fallback operation.
[0139] In certain implementations, the first message may include vehicle information 407, the vehicle information 407 comprising (i) vehicle identifying information, (ii) vehicle capability information, (iii) current ASIL ratings for one or more vehicle systems, or (iv) a combination thereof. In certain implementations, the first message may include environmental information for a road associated with the vehicle, the environmental information comprising (i) road configuration for the road, (ii) traffic density for the road, (iii) a following distance for the vehicle on the road, of (iv) a combination thereof. In certain implementations, the computing device 415 may be configured to determine the fallback operation 422 based on the above information.
[0140] In certain implementations, the process 600 further includes identifying vehicle control instructions to cause the vehicle to perform the at least one fallback operation 422.
[0141] Figure 8 is a block diagram of an example computing device 800 that supports fallback operation and control based on wireless link status to one or more aspects. Computing device 800 may be configured to perform operations, including the blocks of a process described with reference to FIGs. 5-6. Computing device 800 includes controller 880, which operates to execute logic or computer instructions stored in memory 882, as well as controlling the components of computing device 800 that provide the features and functionality of computing device 800. Computing device 800, under control of controller 880, transmits and receives signals via wireless radios 801a-r and antennas 852a-r. Wireless radios 801a-r may include various components and hardware including modulator and demodulators, MIMO detector, receive processor, transmit processor, and TX MIMO processor, and combinations thereof. In additional or alternative implementations, computing device 800 includes the structure, hardware, and components shown and described with reference to computing device 410 of FIG. 4.
[0142] As shown, memory 882 may include information 802, ASIL rating determination logic 803, and fallback operation determination logic 804. Information 802 may correspond to the information 407. ASIL rating determination logic 803 may be configured to determine ASIL ratings, such as by performing block 602 of process 600. Fallback operation determination logic 804 may be configured to determine fallback operation logic, such as by performing block 604 of process 600. Computing device 800 may receive signals from or transmit signals to one or more network entities, such as base station 305 of FIG. 3 or a network node as illustrated in FIGs. 4 and 7.
[0143] It is noted that one or more blocks (or operations) described with reference to FIGs. 5-6 may be combined with one or more blocks (or operations) described with reference to another of the figures. For example, one or more blocks (or operations) of FIG. 5 may be combined with one or more blocks (or operations) of FIG. 6. As another example, one or more blocks associated with FIGs. 5-6 may be combined with one or more blocks (or operations) associated with FIGs. 1-4. Additionally, or alternatively, one or more operations described above with reference to FIGs. 1-4 may be combined with one or more operations described with reference to FIGs. 7 or 8.
[0144] In one or more aspects, techniques for supporting fallback operation and control based on wireless link status may include additional aspects, such as any single aspect or any combination of aspects described below or in connection with one or more other processes or devices described elsewhere herein.
[0145] A first aspect provides a network node that includes a processing system that includes at least one processor and memory circuitry that stores code. The processing system may be configured to execute the code to cause the network node to identify, in accordance with receiving a first message from an automotive user equipment (A-UE) , an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and the A-UE; and transmit a second message to the A-UE that includes a fallback operation for a vehicle associated with the A-UE, the fallback operation being selected in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link. Additionally, the apparatus may perform or operate according to one or more aspects as described below. In some implementations, the apparatus includes a wireless device, such as a base station. In some implementations, the apparatus may include at least one processor, and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor may be configured to perform operations described herein with respect to the apparatus. In some other implementations, the apparatus may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon and the program code may be executable by a computer for causing the computer to perform operations described herein with reference to the apparatus. In some implementations, the apparatus may include one or more means configured to perform operations described herein. In some implementations, a method of wireless communication may include one or more operations described herein with reference to the apparatus.
[0146] In a second aspect, in combination with the second aspect, the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to select the fallback operation when the ASIL rating is below a preset threshold
[0147] In a third aspect, in combination with one or more of the first aspect through the second aspect, the fallback operation corresponds to a preconfigured fallback operation for the ASIL rating within a mapping that indicates corresponding fallback operations for ranges of ASIL ratings of the wireless link.
[0148] In a fourth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first aspect through the third aspect, the first message includes vehicle information for the vehicle, and the vehicle information may include (i) vehicle identification information, (ii) vehicle capability information, (iii) current ASIL ratings for one or more vehicle systems, or (iv) a combination thereof. The processing system may be configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to select the fallback operation in accordance with the vehicle information.
[0149] In a fifth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first aspect through the fourth aspect, the first message includes environmental information for a road associated with the vehicle, and the environmental information may include (i) road configuration for the road, (ii) traffic density for the road, (iii) a following distance for the vehicle on the road, or (iv) a combination thereof. The processing system may be configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to select the fallback operation in accordance with the environmental information.
[0150] In a sixth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first aspect through the fifth aspect, the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to select the fallback operation in accordance with traffic information for a road associated with the vehicle.
[0151] In a seventh aspect, in combination with the sixth aspect, the traffic information is received at least in part from another network node over a terminal node controller protocol.
[0152] In an eighth aspect, in combination with one or more of the sixth aspect through the seventh aspect, at least a portion of the traffic information is performed based on rf sensing, by the network node, of (i) traffic density, (ii) vehicle positions, (iii) vehicle speeds, or (iv) a combination thereof.
[0153] In a ninth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first aspect through the eighth aspect, the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to select fallback operation in accordance with mapping information for a road associated with the vehicle.
[0154] In a tenth aspect, in combination with the ninth aspect, the mapping information is received in response to a request transmitted by the network node, and the request may include (i) an identifier of the network node, (ii) a location of the network node, (iii) at least one identifier of at least one neighboring network node, (iv) at least on location of at least one neighboring node, or (v) a combination thereof.
[0155] In an eleventh aspect, in combination with one or more of the ninth aspect through the tenth aspect, the mapping information is received at least in part from another network node over a terminal node controller protocol.
[0156] In a twelfth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first aspect through the eleventh aspect, the second message is transmitted as an operational design domain (ODD) message via a second wireless link between the vehicle and a computing device separate from the network node.
[0157] In a thirteenth aspect, in combination with the twelfth aspect, the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to transmit the fallback operation to the computing device in response to a request received from the computing device.
[0158] In a fourteenth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first aspect through the thirteenth aspect, the ASIL rating is identified in accordance with a signal strength of the first message.
[0159] In a fifteenth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first aspect through the fourteenth aspect, the first message includes a route of the vehicle, the ASIL rating identified for the wireless link along at least a portion of the route.
[0160] In a sixteenth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first aspect through the fifteenth aspect, the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to transmit, to the A-UE and at least a subset of other devices in wireless communication with the network node, a plurality of messages indicating reduced operating modes.
[0161] In a seventeenth aspect, in combination with the sixteenth aspect, the first message is a request for the A-UE to connect to the network node, and the plurality of messages are transmitted when a current quantity of devices in wireless communication with the network node exceeds a threshold for the network node.
[0162] In an eighteenth aspect, in combination with one or more of the first aspect through the seventeenth aspect, the first message is a request for the A-UE to connect to the network node, and the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to transmit, to the A-UE, a third message that rejects the request for the A-UE to connect to the network node, the third message transmitted when a current quantity of devices in wireless communication with the network node exceeds a threshold for the network node.
[0163] A nineteenth aspect provides a method for wireless communication by a network node that includes identifying, in accordance with receiving a first message from an automotive user equipment (A-UE) , an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and the A-UE. The method also includes transmitting a second message to the A-UE that includes a fallback operation for a vehicle associated with the A-UE, the fallback operation being selected in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link.
[0164] A twentieth aspect provides an apparatus for wireless communication at a vehicle that includes a processing system that includes at least one processor and memory circuitry that stores code. The processing system may be configured to execute the code to cause the apparatus to identify, in accordance with receiving a second message from a network node, an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and an automotive user equipment (A-UE) associated with a vehicle, the second message received in response to a first message transmitted by the A-UE; and select, in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link, at least one fallback operation for the vehicle. Additionally, the apparatus may perform or operate according to one or more aspects as described below. In some implementations, the apparatus includes a wireless device, such as a UE. In some implementations, the apparatus may include at least one processor, and a memory coupled to the processor. The processor may be configured to perform operations described herein with respect to the apparatus. In some other implementations, the apparatus may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium having program code recorded thereon and the program code may be executable by a computer for causing the computer to perform operations described herein with reference to the apparatus. In some implementations, the apparatus may include one or more means configured to perform operations described herein. In some implementations, a method of wireless communication may include one or more operations described herein with reference to the apparatus.
[0165] In a twenty-first aspect, in combination with the twentieth aspect, the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the apparatus to select the at least one fallback operation when the ASIL rating is below a preset threshold.
[0166] In a twenty-second aspect, in combination with one or more of the twentieth aspect through the twenty-first aspect, the at least one fallback operation corresponds to a preconfigured fallback operation for the ASIL rating within a mapping that indicates corresponding fallback operations for ranges of ASIL ratings of the wireless link.
[0167] In a twenty-third aspect, in combination with one or more of the twentieth aspect through the twenty-second aspect, the second message includes an indication of a first fallback operation, the first fallback operation being selected as the at least one fallback operation for the vehicle.
[0168] In a twenty-fourth aspect, in combination with the twenty-third aspect, the second message is received as an operational design domain (odd) message via a second wireless link between the vehicle and a computing device separate from the network node.
[0169] In a twenty-fifth aspect, in combination with one or more of the twentieth aspect through the twenty-fourth aspect, the second message includes an indication of a first fallback operation, and the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the apparatus to select, in accordance with multiple ASIL ratings for the vehicle that include the ASIL rating for the wireless link, a second fallback operation different from the first fallback operation as the at least one fallback operation for the vehicle.
[0170] In a twenty-sixth aspect, in combination with one or more of the twentieth aspect through the twenty-fifth aspect, the first message includes a route for the vehicle, and the ASIL rating is identified for the wireless link along at least a portion of the route.
[0171] In a twenty-seventh aspect, in combination with one or more of the twentieth aspect through the twenty-sixth aspect, the first message includes vehicle information, and the vehicle information may include (i) vehicle identifying information, (ii) vehicle capability information, (iii) current ASIL ratings for one or more vehicle systems, or (iv) a combination thereof.
[0172] In a twenty-eighth aspect, in combination with one or more of the twentieth aspect through the twenty-seventh aspect, the first message includes environmental information for a road associated with the vehicle, and the environmental information may include (i) road configuration for the road, (ii) traffic density for the road, (iii) a following distance for the vehicle on the road, or (iv) a combination thereof.
[0173] In a twenty-ninth aspect, in combination with one or more of the twentieth aspect through the twenty-eighth aspect, the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the apparatus to identify vehicle control instructions to cause the vehicle to perform the at least one fallback operation.
[0174] A thirtieth aspect provides a method for wireless communication by an apparatus at a vehicle that includes identifying, in accordance with receiving a second message from a network node, an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and an automotive user equipment (A-UE) associated with the vehicle, the second message received in response to a first message transmitted by the A-UE. The method also includes selecting, in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link, at least one fallback operation for the vehicle.
[0175] Those of skill in the art would understand that information and signals may be represented using any of a variety of different technologies and techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips that may be referenced throughout the above description may be represented by voltages, currents, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or particles, optical fields or particles, or any combination thereof.
[0176] Components, the functional blocks, and the modules described herein with respect to FIGs. 1-4 include processors, electronics devices, hardware devices, electronics components, logical circuits, memories, software codes, firmware codes, among other examples, or any combination thereof. Software shall be construed broadly to mean instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, programs, subprograms, software modules, application, software applications, software packages, routines, subroutines, objects, executables, threads of execution, procedures, and / or functions, among other examples, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language or otherwise. In addition, features discussed herein may be implemented via specialized processor circuitry, via executable instructions, or combinations thereof.
[0177] Those of skill would further appreciate that the various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present disclosure. Skilled artisans will also readily recognize that the order or combination of components, methods, or interactions that are described herein are merely examples and that the components, methods, or interactions of the various aspects of the present disclosure may be combined or performed in ways other than those illustrated and described herein.
[0178] The various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules, circuits and algorithm processes described in connection with the implementations disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. The interchangeability of hardware and software has been described generally, in terms of functionality, and illustrated in the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits and processes described above. Whether such functionality is implemented in hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system.
[0179] The hardware and data processing apparatus used to implement the various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented or performed with a general purpose single-or multi-chip processor, a digital signal processor (DSP) , an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC) , a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or, any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. In some implementations, a processor may be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other such configuration. In some implementations, particular processes and methods may be performed by circuitry that is specific to a given function.
[0180] In one or more aspects, the functions described may be implemented in hardware, digital electronic circuitry, computer software, firmware, including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents thereof, or in any combination thereof. Implementations of the subject matter described in this specification also may be implemented as one or more computer programs, that is one or more modules of computer program instructions, encoded on a computer storage media for execution by, or to control the operation of, data processing apparatus.
[0181] If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on or transmitted over as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. The processes of a method or algorithm disclosed herein may be implemented in a processor-executable software module which may reside on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readable media includes both computer storage media and communication media including any medium that may be enabled to transfer a computer program from one place to another. A storage media may be any available media that may be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and not limitation, such computer-readable media may include random-access memory (RAM) , read-only memory (ROM) , electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM) , CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that may be used to store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that may be accessed by a computer. Also, any connection may be properly termed a computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein, includes compact disc (CD) , laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc (DVD) , floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media. Additionally, the operations of a method or algorithm may reside as one or any combination or set of codes and instructions on a machine readable medium and computer-readable medium, which may be incorporated into a computer program product.
[0182] Various modifications to the implementations described in this disclosure may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to some other implementations without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Thus, the claims are not intended to be limited to the implementations shown herein, but are to be accorded the widest scope consistent with this disclosure, the principles and the novel features disclosed herein.
[0183] Additionally, a person having ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate, the terms “upper” and “lower” are sometimes used for ease of describing the figures, and indicate relative positions corresponding to the orientation of the figure on a properly oriented page, and may not reflect the proper orientation of any device as implemented.
[0184] Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate implementations also may be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single implementation also may be implemented in multiple implementations separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described above as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination may in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
[0185] Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. Further, the drawings may schematically depict one more example processes in the form of a flow diagram. However, other operations that are not depicted may be incorporated in the example processes that are schematically illustrated. For example, one or more additional operations may be performed before, after, simultaneously, or between any of the illustrated operations. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system components in the implementations described above should not be understood as requiring such separation in all implementations, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems may generally be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products. Additionally, some other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claims may be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results.
[0186] As used herein, including in the claims, the term “or, ” when used in a list of two or more items, means that any one of the listed items may be employed by itself, or any combination of two or more of the listed items may be employed. For example, if a composition is described as containing components A, B, or C, the composition may contain A alone; B alone; C alone; A and B in combination; A and C in combination; B and C in combination; or A, B, and C in combination. Also, as used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items prefaced by “at least one of” indicates a disjunctive list such that, for example, a list of “at least one of A, B, or C” means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (that is A and B and C) or any of these in any combination thereof. The term “substantially” is defined as largely but not necessarily wholly what is specified (and includes what is specified; for example, substantially 90 degrees includes 90 degrees and substantially parallel includes parallel) , as understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art. In any disclosed implementations, the term “substantially” may be substituted with “within [a percentage] of” what is specified, where the percentage includes . 1, 1, 5, or 10 percent.
[0187] The previous description of the disclosure is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the spirit or scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1.A network node, comprising:a processing system that includes at least one processor and memory circuitry that stores code, the processing system configured to execute the code to cause the network node to:identify, in accordance with receiving a first message from an automotive user equipment (A-UE) , an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and the A-UE; andtransmit a second message to the A-UE that includes a fallback operation for a vehicle associated with the A-UE, the fallback operation being selected in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link.2.The network node of claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to select the fallback operation when the ASIL rating is below a preset threshold.3.The network node of claim 1, wherein the fallback operation corresponds to a preconfigured fallback operation for the ASIL rating within a mapping that indicates corresponding fallback operations for ranges of ASIL ratings of the wireless link.4.The network node of claim 1, wherein the first message includes vehicle information for the vehicle, the vehicle information comprising (i) vehicle identification information, (ii) vehicle capability information, (iii) current ASIL ratings for one or more vehicle systems, or (iv) a combination thereof, andwherein the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to select the fallback operation in accordance with the vehicle information.5.The network node of claim 1, wherein the first message includes environmental information for a road associated with the vehicle, the environmental information comprising (i) road configuration for the road, (ii) traffic density for the road, (iii) a following distance for the vehicle on the road, or (iv) a combination thereof, andwherein the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to select the fallback operation in accordance with the environmental information.6.The network node of claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to select the fallback operation in accordance with traffic information for a road associated with the vehicle.7.The network node of claim 6, wherein the traffic information is received at least in part from another network node over a terminal node controller protocol.8.The network node of claim 6, wherein at least a portion of the traffic information is performed based on RF sensing, by the network node, of (i) traffic density, (ii) vehicle positions, (iii) vehicle speeds, or (iv) a combination thereof.9.The network node of claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to select fallback operation in accordance with mapping information for a road associated with the vehicle.10.The network node of claim 9, wherein the mapping information is received in response to a request transmitted by the network node, the request comprising (i) an identifier of the network node, (ii) a location of the network node, (iii) at least one identifier of at least one neighboring network node, (iv) at least on location of at least one neighboring node, or (v) a combination thereof.11.The network node of claim 9, wherein the mapping information is received at least in part from another network node over a terminal node controller protocol.12.The network node of claim 1, wherein the second message is transmitted as an operational design domain (ODD) message via a second wireless link between the vehicle and a computing device separate from the network node.13.The network node of claim 12, wherein the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to transmit the fallback operation to the computing device in response to a request received from the computing device.14.The network node of claim 1, wherein the ASIL rating is identified in accordance with a signal strength of the first message.15.The network node of claim 1, wherein the first message includes a route of the vehicle, the ASIL rating identified for the wireless link along at least a portion of the route.16.The network node of claim 1, wherein the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to transmit, to the A-UE and at least a subset of other devices in wireless communication with the network node, a plurality of messages indicating reduced operating modes.17.The network node of claim 16, wherein the first message is a request for the A-UE to connect to the network node, and wherein the plurality of messages are transmitted when a current quantity of devices in wireless communication with the network node exceeds a threshold for the network node.18.The network node of claim 1, wherein the first message is a request for the A-UE to connect to the network node, and the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the network node to:transmit, to the A-UE, a third message that rejects the request for the A-UE to connect to the network node, the third message transmitted when a current quantity of devices in wireless communication with the network node exceeds a threshold for the network node.19.A method for wireless communication by a network node, the method comprising:identifying, in accordance with receiving a first message from an automotive user equipment (A-UE) , an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and the A-UE; andtransmitting a second message to the A-UE that includes a fallback operation for a vehicle associated with the A-UE, the fallback operation being selected in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link.20.An apparatus for wireless communication at a vehicle, comprising:a processing system that includes at least one processor and memory circuitry that stores code, the processing system configured to execute the code to cause the apparatus to:identify, in accordance with receiving a second message from a network node, an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and an automotive user equipment (A-UE) associated with a vehicle, the second message received in response to a first message transmitted by the A-UE; andselect, in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link, at least one fallback operation for the vehicle.21.The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the apparatus to select the at least one fallback operation when the ASIL rating is below a preset threshold.22.The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the at least one fallback operation corresponds to a preconfigured fallback operation for the ASIL rating within a mapping that indicates corresponding fallback operations for ranges of ASIL ratings of the wireless link.23.The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the second message includes an indication of a first fallback operation, the first fallback operation being selected as the at least one fallback operation for the vehicle.24.The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the second message is received as an operational design domain (ODD) message via a second wireless link between the vehicle and a computing device separate from the network node.25.The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the second message includes an indication of a first fallback operation, and wherein the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the apparatus to select, in accordance with multiple ASIL ratings for the vehicle that include the ASIL rating for the wireless link, a second fallback operation different from the first fallback operation as the at least one fallback operation for the vehicle.26.The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the first message includes a route for the vehicle, the ASIL rating identified for the wireless link along at least a portion of the route.27.The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the first message includes vehicle information, the vehicle information comprising (i) vehicle identifying information, (ii) vehicle capability information, (iii) current ASIL ratings for one or more vehicle systems, or (iv) a combination thereof.28.The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the first message includes environmental information for a road associated with the vehicle, the environmental information comprising (i) road configuration for the road, (ii) traffic density for the road, (iii) a following distance for the vehicle on the road, or (iv) a combination thereof.29.The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the processing system is configured to execute the code to further cause the apparatus to identify vehicle control instructions to cause the vehicle to perform the at least one fallback operation.30.A method for wireless communication by an apparatus at a vehicle, the method comprising:identifying, in accordance with receiving a second message from a network node, an automotive safety integrity level (ASIL) rating for a wireless link between the network node and an automotive user equipment (A-UE) associated with the vehicle, the second message received in response to a first message transmitted by the A-UE; andselecting, in accordance with the ASIL rating for the wireless link, at least one fallback operation for the vehicle.
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