Intermittent-discharge-type fire extinguishing device having fan blade and speed reducing mechanism, and fire extinguishing method

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are an intermittent-discharge-type fire extinguishing device having a fan blade and a speed reducing mechanism, and a fire extinguishing method. The device comprises a shell and a gas-producing fire extinguishing agent arranged in the shell, wherein a front cover is provided on the front side of the shell, and the surface of the front cover is provided with spray ports; an end face of the gas-producing fire extinguishing agent is connected to one end of an actuation component; a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the front cover is provided in the shell, a fan blade is fixed on the lower side of the rotating shafts, and the top side of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the centers of two rotating discs by means of a speed reducing mechanism; and the surfaces of the rotating discs are provided with spray holes, and when the rotating discs rotate, the spray holes and the spray ports periodically overlap and stagger. The present invention can continuously carry out an intermittent discharge process, and thus the pressure in a battery case is periodically increased and reduced, facilitating the exhaust of flammable gas from inside a battery in the battery case, and eliminating the risk of reignition.

Description

Intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and deceleration mechanism and fire extinguishing method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy battery fire extinguishing, and in particular to an intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism, and a fire extinguishing method. Background Art

[0002] When new energy batteries experience thermal runaway, they often continue to produce flammable gases. Traditional aerosol fire extinguishing devices are difficult to extinguish the flames instantly. Pulse fire extinguishing devices can extinguish the flames instantly but cannot achieve the effect of continuous suppression. When the pulse fire extinguishing device is used in combination with the traditional aerosol fire extinguishing device, the pulse fire extinguishing device can extinguish the flames generated instantly when the battery experiences thermal runaway, and the traditional aerosol fire extinguishing device can suppress the flames to a certain extent after the pulse fire extinguishing device is sprayed. Theoretically, the combination of the two overcomes each other's shortcomings, can extinguish the flames instantly and achieve the effect of continuous suppression; however, the following problems still exist. Taking the battery compartment where the battery is located as an example, when the battery experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of flammable gas escapes from the battery and enters the battery box At this time, after the fire extinguishing device is activated, due to the large gas production of the traditional aerosol fire extinguishing device, the aerosol fire extinguishing agent will quickly fill the entire battery box (that is, the battery compartment where the battery is located). In this process, only part of the flammable gas is pushed out of the battery compartment. More flammable gas is often pressed inside the battery and cannot be completely discharged due to the excessive positive pressure in the battery compartment when the aerosol fire extinguishing device is sprayed. Therefore, when the aerosol fire extinguishing device is completed, the pressure in the battery compartment drops, and a large amount of flammable gas escapes from the inside of the battery again, and there is still a risk of re-ignition; therefore, it is necessary to improve the traditional aerosol fire extinguishing device and design a fire extinguishing device that can spray continuously and intermittently, so that the pressure of the battery box increases and decreases periodically, thereby solving the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and provide an intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device and fire extinguishing method with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism, which can continuously perform an intermittent spraying process so that the pressure of the battery box increases and decreases periodically, which is conducive to the complete discharge of the combustible gas inside the battery in the battery box and prevents the risk of re-ignition.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism, comprising a shell and a gas-generating fire extinguishing agent arranged in the shell, a front cover is provided on the front side of the shell, a nozzle is provided on the surface of the front cover, the end face of the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent is connected to one end of the starting component, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the front cover is provided in the shell, fan blades are fixed on the lower side of the rotating shaft, and the top side of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the center of two rotating disks through a deceleration mechanism, a spray hole is provided on the surface of the rotating disk, and when the rotating disk rotates, the spray hole and the nozzle periodically overlap and intersect.

[0005] Preferably, the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent is a columnar structure formed by pressing aerosol generating agent powder.

[0006] Preferably, the starting component is an electric ignition head or a thermal wire structure.

[0007] Preferably, the outer edge of the front cover is threadedly connected to the top of the shell, and the bottom of the shell is threadedly connected to the outer edge of the rear cover.

[0008] Preferably, the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent is located in the area where the back cover is located, and a silica gel layer is provided between the outer surface of the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent and the inner surface of the back cover.

[0009] Preferably, an air gathering hood is provided between the fan blades and the top of the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent, and the air gathering hood is a truncated cone-shaped cylindrical structure.

[0010] Preferably, the deceleration mechanism includes a driving gear fixedly connected to the top side of the rotating shaft, a ring gear is fixed on the outer edge of the rotating disk, the driving gear is meshed with the ring gear, the driving gear radius is smaller than the ring gear radius, and the top center of the rotating disk is rotationally connected to the bottom of the front cover.

[0011] Preferably, the central axis of the top of the rotating disk is rotatably connected to both sides of the bottom of the front cover through bearings, and the top end of the rotating axis is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom of the front cover through bearings.

[0012] Preferably, a coolant is provided in the area between the fan blades and the front cover, and a partition net is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the coolant, and the partition net is fixedly connected to the inner side of the shell.

[0013] In addition, the present invention also discloses a fire extinguishing method of the intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism, which comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1: When thermal runaway of the battery in the battery box occurs, the starting component ignites the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent, which produces gas and fire extinguishing substances;

[0015] S2: The airflow passes through the fan blades. During this process, the fan blades rotate under the thrust of the airflow.

[0016] S3: The fan blades rotate, causing the rotating shaft to rotate. After being decelerated by the speed reduction mechanism, the rotating disk is driven to rotate at a speed lower than the rotating shaft, so that the nozzles on the surface of the rotating disk and the nozzles on the surface of the front cover periodically overlap and intersect;

[0017] S4: When the nozzle hole and the nozzle outlet coincide, the fire extinguishing substance is sprayed out from the nozzle outlet to extinguish the fire in the battery box. When the nozzle hole and the nozzle outlet intersect, the shell is sealed and the pressure is held back. Finally, the above process is repeated periodically to realize the intermittent spraying process, so that the pressure in the battery box increases and decreases periodically.

[0018] S5: When the pressure inside the battery box increases, the combustible gas diluted by the fire extinguishing material is pressed out from the gaps in the battery box. When the pressure inside the battery box decreases, the combustible gas inside the battery escapes and enters the battery box, and the above process is repeated.

[0019] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] The present invention applies the fan blades used in the mechanical field to the field of fire extinguishing devices, so that the fan blades rotate under the thrust of the airflow, thereby driving the rotating disk to rotate, so that the spray holes on the surface of the rotating disk and the nozzles on the surface of the front cover periodically overlap and intersect, so that the fire extinguishing material can be continuously sprayed intermittently, so that the pressure of the battery box increases and decreases periodically, which is conducive to the complete discharge of the combustible gas inside the battery in the battery box and prevents the risk of re-ignition; in addition, the structure of the fan blade has low starting resistance, and when pushed by the airflow, it is easy to start and rotate, and it is not easy to be blocked in rotation, and its rotation is sensitive; finally, the deceleration mechanism can make the rotating disk rotate at a speed lower than that of the rotating shaft, so that the speed of the rotating disk will not be too high, and the frequency of the periodic overlap and intersect of the spray holes and the nozzles can be reduced, that is, the frequency of intermittent spraying is reduced, to prevent the frequency from being too fast and causing the low pressure and high pressure in the battery box to be close, resulting in poor discharge effect of the combustible gas generated in the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism;

[0022] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reduction mechanism in cooperation with the rotating disk and the front cover;

[0023] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the front cover;

[0024] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fan blade. Implementation Method

[0025] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, an intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism includes a shell 1 and a gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2 arranged in the shell 1. A front cover 3 is provided on the front side of the shell 1, and a nozzle 4 is opened on the surface of the front cover 3. The end face of the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2 is connected to one end of the starting component 5. A rotating shaft 6 rotatably connected to the front cover 3 is provided in the shell 1. Fan blades 7 are fixed on the lower side of the rotating shaft 6. The top side of the rotating shaft 6 is fixedly connected to the center of two rotating disks 8 through a deceleration mechanism. Spray holes 9 are opened on the surface of the rotating disk 8. When the rotating disk 8 rotates, the spray holes 9 and the nozzles 4 periodically overlap and intersect.

[0027] Preferably, the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2 is a columnar structure formed by pressing aerosol generating agent powder. The aerosol generating agent pressed into a columnar structure burns more slowly than the powdered aerosol generating agent, which can ensure the continuous release of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0028] The aerosol generator is a prior art, for example, the invention patent disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN101745195B is "An aging-resistant aerosol generator and its preparation process", which discloses that the aerosol generator is composed of an oxidant, a reducing agent, and a binder. The oxidant is potassium nitrate, the binder is phenolic resin, and the reducing agent is melamine. The mass percentages thereof are: potassium nitrate 74% to 80%, phenolic resin 8% to 15%, and the balance is melamine.

[0029] Its preparation method is:

[0030] Step 1: dissolving phenolic resin in ethanol to prepare a phenolic resin solution with a mass concentration of 40% to 55%;

[0031] Step 2: Grind the oxidizing agent and reducing agent to a fineness of 80-200 standard mesh, mix them according to the required proportion, and sieve them through 80-200 mesh three times to make them evenly mixed;

[0032] Step 3: Then add the phenolic resin solution to the mixed powder, stir for 10 minutes, and then use a 40-mesh screen to force granulate. Then dry the agent in an environment with a temperature of 40°C and a relative humidity of less than 20% until the volatile components are less than 1%;

[0033] Step 4: The dried medicine is pressed under a pressure of 10 MPa to form an aerosol generating agent column structure.

[0034] Preferably, the starting component 5 is an electric ignition head or a thermal wire structure. When the starting component 5 is an electric ignition head structure, it can be connected to a fire detection device, which is a temperature sensor and / or a smoke sensor. When a fire, overheating, or the like occurs, the fire detection device detects the high temperature environment generated in the battery compartment due to the fire and sends a signal to the microprocessor, which controls the starting component 5 to ignite the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2. When the starting component 5 is a thermal wire structure, the thermal wire structure can be directly ignited when a fire occurs, and then the thermal wire directly ignites the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2, without the need for additional fire detection devices and other external equipment, which is simpler and less costly.

[0035] Preferably, the outer edge of the front cover 3 is threadedly connected to the top of the housing 1, and the bottom of the housing 1 is threadedly connected to the outer edge of the rear cover 10. Through this threaded connection method, the convenience of installation of the entire fire extinguishing device can be improved and the production process is convenient.

[0036] Preferably, the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2 is located in the area where the back cover 10 is located, and a silicone layer 11 is provided between the outer surface of the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2 and the inner surface of the back cover 10. The silicone layer 11 can effectively isolate the heat generated by the combustion of the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2, preventing the surface temperature of the back cover 10 and the housing 1 from being too high.

[0037] Preferably, an air gathering hood 12 is provided between the fan blades 7 and the top of the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2. The air gathering hood 12 is a truncated cone-shaped cylindrical structure. The air gathering hood 12 serves to gather the airflow, allowing the airflow generated by the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2 to mostly pass through the fan blades 7, providing sufficient power for the fan blades 7.

[0038] Preferably, the reduction mechanism includes a drive gear 13 fixedly connected to the top side of the rotating shaft 6, a ring gear 14 is fixedly mounted on the outer edge of the rotating disk 8, the drive gear 13 meshes with the ring gear 14, the radius of the drive gear 13 is smaller than the radius of the ring gear 14, and the top center of the rotating disk 8 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the front cover 3. In the above process, since the radii of the drive gear 13 and the ring gear 14 are different (the radius of the drive gear 13 is smaller than the radius of the ring gear 14), a reduction effect can be achieved; ultimately, the rotating disk 8 can be rotated at a speed lower than that of the rotating shaft 6, so that the speed of the rotating disk 8 is not too high, and the frequency of the periodic overlap and interlacing of the spray holes 9 and the nozzle 4 can be reduced, that is, the frequency of intermittent spraying is reduced, and the frequency is prevented from being too high, resulting in poor pulse effect. In addition, too high a frequency will make the low pressure and high pressure in the battery box close to each other, resulting in poor discharge effect of the combustible gas generated in the battery.

[0039] Preferably, the top center axis of the rotating disk 8 is rotatably connected to both sides of the bottom of the front cover 3 via bearings, and the top end of the rotating shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom of the front cover 3 via bearings. After the rotating shaft 6 and the rotating disk 8 are limited by the bearings, their rotation process can be ensured to be more stable and radial movement can be prevented.

[0040] Preferably, a coolant 15 is provided in the area between the fan blades 7 and the front cover 3. Screens 16 are provided on both the upper and lower surfaces of the coolant 15 and are fixedly connected to the inner side of the housing 1. Since the combustion of the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2 (e.g., an aerosol generating agent) generates high-temperature substances, the coolant 15 can cool the passing high-temperature fire extinguishing substances, preventing excessive temperatures at the nozzle 4. The screen 16 also serves to limit the coolant 15. In this embodiment, a through-hole for the rotating shaft 6 is provided at the center of the screen, which does not affect the rotation of the rotating shaft 6.

[0041] Preferably, a diaphragm is also attached to the nozzle 4 on the surface of the front cover 3, which can prevent moisture in the outside air from entering through the nozzle 4 during storage and transportation, causing the fire extinguishing agent to absorb moisture. At the same time, it is easy to rupture when under pressure, so it does not affect the spraying process of the fire extinguishing device.

[0042] The fan blade 7 of the present invention is a fan blade or propeller blade structure as shown in Figure 4. The fan blade 7 has a small starting resistance and is easy to start and rotate when pushed by airflow. It is not easy to be blocked in rotation and its rotation is sensitive.

[0043] During the actual production of the fire extinguishing device, a certain gap can be reserved between the rotating cover 8 and the front cover 3. If the rotation of the rotating cover 8 is obstructed or the pressure in the shell 1 suddenly increases, if the spray hole 9 and the nozzle 4 are in an intertwined state at this time, the airflow there will directly pass through the gap and the nozzle 4 into the outside to relieve pressure.

[0044] In addition, the present invention also discloses a fire extinguishing method of the intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism, which comprises the following steps:

[0045] S1: When a battery in the battery box experiences thermal runaway, the starting component 5 ignites the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent 2, which generates gas and fire extinguishing substances;

[0046] S2: The airflow passes through the position of the fan blade 7. During this process, the fan blade 7 rotates due to the thrust of the airflow.

[0047] S3: The rotation of the fan blades 7 causes the rotating shaft 6 to rotate. After being decelerated by the speed reduction mechanism, the rotating disk 8 is driven to rotate at a speed lower than that of the rotating shaft 6, so that the nozzle holes 9 on the surface of the rotating disk 8 and the nozzles 4 on the surface of the front cover 3 periodically overlap and intersect;

[0048] S4: When the spray hole 9 and the nozzle 4 coincide with each other, the fire extinguishing material is sprayed out from the nozzle 4 to extinguish the fire in the battery box. When the spray hole 9 and the nozzle 4 intersect, the shell 1 is sealed and the pressure is held. Finally, the above process is repeated periodically to realize the intermittent spraying process, so that the pressure in the battery box increases and decreases periodically. In this step, when the fire extinguishing material is sprayed out from the nozzle to extinguish the fire in the battery box, the gas inside the battery box increases, causing the pressure to increase. When the shell is sealed and the pressure is held, the internal pressure of the battery box is released from the gap of the battery box itself, and the pressure decreases. Therefore, the pressure in the battery box increases and decreases periodically.

[0049] S5: When the pressure inside the battery compartment increases, the flammable gas diluted with the fire extinguishing agent is forced out through the gaps in the battery compartment. When the pressure inside the battery compartment decreases, the flammable gas inside the battery escapes and enters the battery compartment, repeating the above process. Through this reciprocating cycle of low and high pressure, the flammable gas generated in the battery can be diluted with the fire extinguishing agent and continuously discharged from the battery compartment, completing the entire fire extinguishing process and effectively preventing the risk of re-ignition.

[0050] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application may be arbitrarily combined with each other unless they conflict. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the technical solutions described in the claims. Equivalent alternatives and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with a fan blade and a deceleration mechanism, comprising a housing (1) and a gas-generating fire extinguishing agent (2) arranged in the housing (1), a front cover (3) being arranged on the front side of the housing (1), a nozzle (4) being arranged on the surface of the front cover (3), an end face of the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent (2) being connected to one end of a starting component (5), characterized in that: A rotating shaft (6) rotatably connected to the front cover (3) is provided in the housing (1); a fan blade (7) is fixedly provided on the lower side of the rotating shaft (6); the top side of the rotating shaft (6) is fixedly connected to the centers of two rotating disks (8) via a speed reduction mechanism; a spray hole (9) is provided on the surface of the rotating disk (8); when the rotating disk (8) rotates, the spray hole (9) and the nozzle (4) periodically overlap and intersect.

2. An intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-generating fire extinguishing agent (2) is a columnar structure formed by pressing aerosol generating agent powder.

3. The intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The starting component (5) is an electric ignition head or a thermal wire structure.

4. The intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer edge of the front cover (3) is threadedly connected to the top of the shell (1), and the bottom of the shell (1) is threadedly connected to the outer edge of the rear cover (10).

5. An intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas-generating fire extinguishing agent (2) is located in the area where the rear cover (10) is located, and a silica gel layer (11) is provided between the outer surface of the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent (2) and the inner surface of the rear cover (10).

6. The intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air gathering hood (12) is provided between the fan blades (7) and the top of the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent (2), and the air gathering hood (12) is in the form of a truncated cone-shaped cylinder structure.

7. The intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed reduction mechanism comprises a driving gear (13) fixedly connected to the top side of the rotating shaft (6); a ring gear (14) is fixedly mounted on the outer edge of the rotating disk (8); the driving gear (13) meshes with the ring gear (14); the radius of the driving gear (13) is smaller than the radius of the ring gear (14); and the top center of the rotating disk (8) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the front cover (3).

8. An intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The top center axis of the rotating disk (8) is rotatably connected to the two sides of the bottom of the front cover (3) via bearings, and the top end of the rotating shaft (6) is rotatably connected to the center of the bottom of the front cover (3) via bearings.

9. The intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A coolant (15) is provided in the area between the fan blades (7) and the front cover (3), and a partition net (16) is provided on the upper and lower surfaces of the coolant (15), and the partition net (16) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the shell (1).

10. A fire extinguishing method using the intermittent spraying fire extinguishing device with fan blades and a deceleration mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1: When a battery in the battery box experiences thermal runaway, the starting component (5) ignites the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent (2), and the gas-generating fire extinguishing agent (2) generates gas and fire extinguishing substances; S2: the airflow passes through the position where the fan blade (7) is located. During this process, the fan blade (7) rotates due to the thrust of the airflow; S3: During the rotation of the fan blades (7), the rotating shaft (6) is rotated, and after being decelerated by the deceleration mechanism, the rotating disk (8) is driven to rotate at a speed lower than that of the rotating shaft (6), so that the spray holes (9) on the surface of the rotating disk (8) and the spray ports (4) on the surface of the front cover (3) are periodically overlapped and staggered; S4: When the spray hole (9) and the nozzle (4) overlap, the fire extinguishing substance is sprayed out from the nozzle (4) to extinguish the fire in the battery box. When the spray hole (9) and the nozzle (4) intersect, the shell (1) is sealed and the pressure is held. Finally, the above process is repeated periodically to realize an intermittent spraying process, so that the pressure in the battery box increases and decreases periodically. S5: When the pressure in the battery box increases, the combustible gas diluted by the fire extinguishing material is pressed out from the gaps in the battery box. When the pressure in the battery box decreases, the combustible gas inside the battery escapes and enters the battery box, and the above process is repeated in a cycle.

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