Construction element

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction element comprising at least two, preferably a plurality of, individual elements (1) which are joined together by adhesive bonding, binding, mechanical frictional engagement and / or interlocking connection, wherein each individual element is formed from a processed stem of a hemp plant, in particular Cannabis Sativa, wherein the stems are processed in such a way that they are at least partially, preferably substantially entirely, free of hemp fibres which surround an untreated stem as bark, such that the stems preferably only have the woody core region of a hemp plant stem, wherein the processed stems have a reduced stem diameter compared to an unprocessed hemp plant stem.

Description

[0001] STRUCTURAL ELEMENT

[0002] The invention relates to a construction element comprising at least two, preferably a plurality of, individual elements which are joined together by gluing, bonding, mechanical friction and / or form-fitting.

[0003] The invention further relates to a building element comprising a construction element.

[0004] A structural element consisting of the woody inner part of the stems of the hemp plant is presented. The stems are harvested whole, the fibrous bark is removed, if necessary, and the stem cross-section is shaped into a form that allows individual elements to be joined together to create plate-, board-, post-, staggered-, and block-shaped structural elements. These can be used to manufacture furniture, doors, and building components, among other things, where wood or wood-like materials would otherwise be used. Separate processing of the fibers is possible, as is the use of seeds and leaves from the harvested hemp plants.

[0005] This makes it possible to increase the profitability of hemp cultivation and contribute to the long-term fixation of carbon that was previously removed from the atmosphere by the plant in the form of carbon dioxide.

[0006] State of the art

[0007] In agricultural use, the hemp plant often uses the seeds and fibers. During fiber extraction, the woody inner part of the hemp stalks usually remains as small fragments and is eventually reused as shives.

[0008] When hemp seeds are harvested alone, the entire rest of the plant is often chopped and left to rot in the field, which on the one hand means the loss of potential raw materials such as fibers and shives, and on the other hand means high stress and wear on agricultural equipment due to the mechanical robustness of the plant.

[0009] During fiber extraction, the hemp stalk is broken open by crushing, among other things, to separate the fiber portions in the bark from the kernel. This destroys the original structure of the stalk. Hemp shivs, the broken and shredded, woody inner part of the hemp stalk, are used, among other things, as animal bedding.

[0010] However, the further processing of shives into heat- or sound-insulating panels is also known, whereby the crushed stem parts are pressed together with adhesives into panel form, similar to the production of wood-based pressboards (e.g. Carpatect; https: / / www.hanfdaemmung.at / ).

[0011] Hemp shivs and lime, mixed with water, are also pressed into bricks (https: / / www.hanfstein.eu / , “Hempcrete”).

[0012] Another product made from hemp fiber and hemp shiv is Hemp-Wood (Fibonacci LLC, https: / / hempwood.com / , Patent No. US 2019 / 0283269A1 or CN 113874183 or WO 2020 / 198393A1). Here, too, the hemp stalk is broken, and the broken core sections, possibly together with the fiber portion, are pressed with a high proportion of binding agent into panels, boards, or posts.

[0013] From WO 91 / 17883 an industrial panel is known which can be manufactured from hemp stalks, whereby the stalks including the fibrous bark are flattened in cross-section and bound with a binding agent such as synthetic resin and pressed into panels.

[0014] From EP 1932643 A2 a material board is known which consists of fibrous plant stems, in particular hemp stems, which are shortened and worked into pieces of 2 to 30 cm in length and then further processed into the material board by gluing, sprinkling and pressing.

[0015] However, known construction elements that contain hemp fibers or hemp shives disadvantageously use shredded, broken, or crushed plant parts and must be processed with relatively large amounts of binding agents to achieve the required stability.

[0016] It is therefore an object of the present invention to alleviate or improve the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, the present invention aims to improve the stability of structural elements made from hemp stems and, at the same time, the usability of hemp plants. This object is achieved by a structural element having the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments are specified in the dependent claims.

[0017] The present invention describes structural elements constructed from the woody inner part of the stems of the hemp plant. This increases the profitability of hemp cultivation through the high-quality utilization of a plant component that otherwise often remains unused.

[0018] The provision of this wood-like construction material also goes hand in hand with increased resource conservation, as it is made from rapidly renewable plant sources.

[0019] This description presents a construction element consisting essentially of the woody core material of hemp stalks. This woody core material is also referred to below as hemp wood. The stalks are not broken up as in conventional fiber extraction, but are used in as whole, large a volume as possible. The stalks are cut into advantageous lengths, freed from the fibrous bark by peeling or planing, and formed into a geometric cross-sectional shape that allows for further processing into single- or multi-layer, plate-, board-, or block-shaped construction elements. This is intended to preserve the natural strength of the hemp stalk without consuming large quantities of adhesive material. The use of the previously removed fibers is facilitated by minimizing the amount of shives adhering to them.

[0020] Brief description of the invention

[0021] According to the invention, each individual element is formed from a processed, in particular at least partially or completely peeled, stem of a hemp plant, in particular Cannabis Sativa, wherein the stems have a cut length and are processed in such a way that they are at least partially, preferably substantially completely, free of hemp fibers surrounding an untreated stem as bark, so that the individual elements preferably only have the woody core region of a hemp plant stem, wherein the processed stems have a stem diameter or stem cross-section that is at least partially reduced compared to an unprocessed stem, wherein the individual elements forming the construction element have a first length along a first direction, wherein the first length is substantially equal to or shorter than the cut length of the unprocessed stems.

[0022] In this context, an individual element can be considered a processed, in particular at least partially or completely peeled, stem of a hemp plant, whereby an unprocessed stem is defined as a stem of a harvested hemp plant. When hemp plants, in this context preferably commercial hemp or industrial hemp, are harvested, the harvested hemp plant stems have a so-called cutting length, which results from the stem length of the cut or harvested plant. When processing the harvested stems into an individual element, the stems are peeled at least partially or completely (as well as the lateral shoots and branches removed), but the stems preferably remain unchanged in length or are slightly shortened.The structural element can have an element length along the first direction, wherein the element length is at least equal to, preferably exactly equal to, the first length of the individual elements. The individual elements can have a diameter that is reduced, at least in sections, along their first length compared to an unprocessed stem, wherein the diameter is reduced, in particular, along the entire first length of the individual element compared to an unprocessed stem.

[0023] It can be provided that the individual elements are machined in such a way that they have flat, straight surfaces along their length, wherein the surfaces are designed as connecting surfaces for attaching further individual elements.

[0024] It may be provided that the fibrous bark of the individual stems has been removed by mechanical abrasion, for example peeling.

[0025] It may be provided that the individual elements are free of the fibrous bark, which has been removed together with a portion of the woody core, preferably by planing.

[0026] It may be provided that the individual elements are joined longitudinally to form a panel. It may be provided that, where end-to-end connections are present between the individual elements, these butt joints are offset from the butt joints of the adjacent longitudinal panels.

[0027] It can be provided that two or more construction elements are joined together in a plate-like or flat manner.

[0028] It can be provided that individual construction elements are arranged at an angle to one another in their longitudinal direction.

[0029] It can be provided that cavities are formed between individual elements of a structural element.

[0030] It can be provided that the cavities between the individual elements comprise a material, wherein the material is different from hemp plants, wherein preferably the material is such that the overall mechanical properties of the structural element are changed compared to a structural element without material, wherein, for example, the strength of the structural element is increased by the material.

[0031] It may be provided that at least individual elements contain portions of hemp fibres or fibre-containing bark.

[0032] It may be provided that the individual elements are joined together by tying them together with cords, ribbons or wires.

[0033] It may be provided that the individual elements are glued together by melted plastic films or tapes.

[0034] It can be provided that the individual elements are positively connected to one another by interlocking groove-shaped grooves and tongues.

[0035] It may be provided that the surfaces of the individual elements are made water-repellent through a hydrophobic treatment. It may be provided that selected surfaces of the individual elements are coated with cover layers that have different properties compared to uncoated individual elements.

[0036] It can be provided that the construction element has at least one intermediate layer between at least two, preferably several, in particular all, individual layers, which intermediate layer comprises a further organic or inorganic material which is different from hemp wood but includes hemp fibers.

[0037] It may be provided that the individual elements are connected to each other by dowels, pins or nails.

[0038] It can be provided that at least in partial areas of the construction elements the individual elements are arranged in all three spatial directions, for example along the three Cartesian coordinates x, y, z.

[0039] It can be provided that the individual elements have a curved shape in order to form a curved structural element after assembly.

[0040] It can be provided that at least one surface of the individual elements or of the structural element comprises unprocessed segments of a stem with fibrous bark.

[0041] It may be provided that the joining or assembly surfaces of the individual elements or the structural element are equipped with tongue and groove type connecting elements.

[0042] It can be provided that the individual elements have a rectangular, square, hexagonal or octagonal cross-sectional shape.

[0043] It can be provided that the construction element is formed from at least two layers arranged one above the other in a sandwich-like manner, wherein a first layer is formed from a plurality of individual elements which are arranged parallel to a first direction, and a second layer is formed from a plurality of individual elements which are arranged parallel to a second direction, wherein the first layer is arranged in relation to the second layer in such a way that the first direction is oriented substantially orthogonally to the second direction.

[0044] It may be provided that selected individual elements are shortened to a length suitable for an installation location in the structural element before being joined together.

[0045] It may be provided that sections of the structural element are incorporated from a material different from hemp wood, which partially change the properties, for example the strength.

[0046] According to the invention, a building element, for example a wall element, ceiling element, furniture or furniture part, door or window, is provided, comprising a construction element.

[0047] Short description of the characters

[0048] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to preferred embodiments, to which, however, it is not intended to be limited.

[0049] The figures Fig. 1 to Fig. 20 show views of various embodiments of construction elements according to the invention, wherein the thin wavy lines indicate that the component extends even further here than shown in the figure.

[0050] They show:

[0051] Fig. 1 a single-layer construction element consisting of glued or bonded individual elements of square cross-section;

[0052] Fig. 2 a three-layer construction element consisting of square individual elements;

[0053] Fig. 3 shows a three-layer construction element similar to Fig. 2, with the difference that the individual elements are arranged with lateral spacing and thus there are hollow spaces between the individual elements;

[0054] Fig. 4 shows a plate-shaped construction element with three inner layers according to Fig. 3 in combination with closed cover layers according to Fig. 1; Fig. 5 shows a single-layer construction element consisting of individual elements with a hexagonal cross-section glued together;

[0055] Fig. 6 a three-layer construction element consisting of hexagonal individual elements, each individual layer is constructed according to Fig. 5;

[0056] Fig. 7 shows a five-layer construction element, with three inner layers of hexagonal individual elements, according to Fig. 6, wherein the outer surfaces are straightened, and cover layers consisting of square individual elements, according to Fig. 1, are attached to them;

[0057] Fig. 8 a single-layer structural element consisting of individual elements with an octagonal cross-section;

[0058] Fig. 9 a three-layer construction element consisting of octagonal individual elements;

[0059] Fig. 10 a construction element composed of three inner layers, consisting of octagonal individual elements and two cover layers, consisting of square or rectangular individual elements, according to Fig. 1;

[0060] Fig. 11 a construction element consisting of a three-layer core consisting of square individual elements, according to Fig. 2, provided with cover layers of other materials;

[0061] Fig. 12 a three-layer construction element consisting of square individual elements, the fixation within the layer and the layers among each other is done by pin-shaped elements such as dowels or nails;

[0062] Fig. 13 shows the view of the end faces of essentially square individual elements on which tongue and groove elements are incorporated, in a separated state;

[0063] Fig. 14 shows the view of individual elements according to Fig. 13 in the assembled state;

[0064] Fig. 15 two square individual elements with grooves, and an external spring, by means of which the two individual elements are connected;

[0065] Fig. 16 shows a three-layer, flat, rounded structural element, two layers consisting of individual elements bent into a rounded shape; Fig. 17 shows a two-layer, flat structural element with a rounded design, one layer consisting of individual elements bent into a rounded shape;

[0066] Fig.18 a construction element in which one layer consists of segments of the approximately circular edge layer of the hemp stems, which may also contain the bark;

[0067] Fig.19 a construction element in which individual elements are arranged in all three spatial directions;

[0068] Fig. 20 a block-shaped construction element which is equipped with grooves and tongues on the joining surfaces;

[0069] Description of the invention based on the figures:

[0070] Fig. 1 shows a structural element according to the invention in the form of a plate, consisting of square individual elements 1 made from the woody cores of stems of the hemp plant. The parallel individual elements 1 are connected at their sides 2 by means of adhesive or glue. The individual elements are arranged in longitudinal strips. The end faces 3 are indicated here with concentric boundaries between different growth layers of the hemp plant. The individual elements can also be arranged adjacent to one another within the strips at their end faces, forming end-face joints 2a. With regard to the strength of the plates, it is expedient for these joints to be arranged as staggered as possible.

[0071] Fig. 2 shows a structural element consisting of three layers according to Fig. 1. The layers are arranged at an angular offset from one another, thereby achieving a homogenization of the properties between the longitudinal and transverse directions of the individual elements. The outer layers 4 and 6 are offset from the middle layer 5 at an angle of approximately 90°. The individual elements in each layer are arranged adjacent to one another without any gaps and are bonded at the contact surfaces 2.

[0072] Fig. 3 shows a construction element similar to Fig. 2, but with cavities 9 between individual elements 1.

[0073] Adhesive surfaces 2 exist between individual elements of different layers. Fig. 4 shows a construction element according to the invention consisting of five layers. In the middle layers 5 to 7, cavities 9 exist between the individual elements. In the outer layers 4 and 8, the side surfaces of the individual elements 1 are joined together without any gaps (2) to create a closed surface. The cavities 9 can also be filled with suitable filling materials.

[0074] Fig. 5 shows a construction element similar to Fig. 1 , whereby the individual elements here have a hexagonal cross-section 3 in order to better utilize the approximately circular cross-section of the naturally grown stem.

[0075] Fig. 6 shows a structural element according to the invention, the individual elements of which have a hexagonal cross-section 3 and consist of three layers 4, 5, and 6. All layers are arranged parallel, and the surfaces are not flat due to the hexagonal cross-section.

[0076] Fig. 7 shows a plate-shaped structural element consisting of three inner layers 5, 6, 7, consisting of individual elements with a hexagonal cross-section 3. The individual elements of the cover layers 4 and 8 have square or rectangular cross-sections 3a, resulting in closed and flat surfaces for the element.

[0077] Fig. 8 shows a single-layer construction element according to the invention consisting of individual elements 1 with an octagonal cross-section 3.

[0078] Fig. 9 shows a structural element consisting of three layers according to Fig. 8, the individual elements 1 again with an octagonal cross-section 3. The outer layers 4 and 5 are shown rotated by approximately 90° relative to the middle layer 5, but other angles of rotation between the individual layers are also conceivable and advantageous depending on the application. The octagonal cross-section of the individual elements inevitably results in cavities within the structural element, which can be further enlarged by lateral spacing between the individual elements. The cavities can also be filled with suitable filler materials.

[0079] Fig. 10 shows a section of a construction element according to the invention, whose three inner layers 5, 6, 7 consist of individual elements with an octagonal cross-section and correspond to the element described in Fig. 9. Two cover layers 4 and 5 made of individual elements with a square cross-section 3a are attached to obtain a closed, flat surface.

[0080] Fig. 11 shows a section of a construction element according to the invention, whose three inner layers 4, 5, 6 consist of individual elements with a square cross-section and correspond to the element shown in Fig. 2. Furthermore, two cover layers 10 are shown, which can be made of other materials. These can be veneer layers, for example, made of wood or plastic, to provide a visually or technically desired surface.

[0081] Fig. 12 shows a section of a structural element according to the invention, consisting of individual elements 1 with a square cross-section 3a. The three layers 4, 5, and 6 are connected to each other using dowels, pins, or nails 11. Adhesive joints along the surfaces 2 may be present, in combination with the connection by dowels, pins, or nails.

[0082] Fig. 13 shows views of cross sections 12 of individual elements 1 from which a structural element according to the invention is assembled. The individual elements are equipped with elements for adhesive-free connection of the individual elements. On one side, the individual elements have tongues 13, and on the other side, grooves 14. The grooves are shaped such that they widen inward. The tongues are shaped such that they first widen, then taper. When the tongues are pressed into the grooves, the conical shape creates a positive, interlocking connection between the individual elements, which minimizes or eliminates the use of adhesives.

[0083] Fig. 14 shows individual elements as described in Fig. 13, in the assembled state.

[0084] Fig. 15 shows a cross-sectional view of individual elements featuring grooves 14 that widen inward. A key 15 is designed to engage the grooves of two adjacent individual elements. The key is provided on both sides with a thickness that initially increases from the outside to the inside, then decreases. When pressed into the groove, resistance to elastic deformation of the groove must first be overcome. Then, the widening flanks of the key and groove come into contact with one another, resulting in a certain form-fitting connection, which in turn helps to minimize or completely avoid the use of additional adhesive.

[0085] With the help of these grooves and the external spring 15, the individual elements are connected to each other in a similar way as described in Fig. 13.

[0086] Fig. 16 shows an element with a one-dimensional curved shape. The outer and inner layers of the illustrated element consist of individual elements 16 that were formed into a permanently curved shape prior to assembly, for example, by steam bending. The middle layer here consists of straight individual elements 1.

[0087] Fig. 17 shows a two-layer element that also has a curved shape. The inner layer consists of individual elements 16 that have been permanently bent, for example, by steam bending or by soaking in water followed by bending. To achieve a closed surface, it is advisable for the straight individual elements of the outer layer to have an approximately trapezoidal cross-sectional shape, adapted to the curve.

[0088] Fig. 18 shows an element whose outer layer 17 consists of individual elements representing segments from the outer layer of the hemp stem. The fibrous bark of the hemp plant can be retained here for optical, tactile, or technical reasons.

[0089] Fig. 19 shows an element in which the individual elements are arranged in all three spatial directions. The individual elements, designated la and lb, are arranged in parallel planes, as in many previous drawings. Perpendicular to these, are the individual elements lc, which are arranged perpendicular to the planes of the individual elements la and lb and are intended to provide further stabilization in the third spatial direction. This construction results in cuboid- or cube-shaped cavities within the structure. Such an element can be provided with cover layers to provide a closed surface (see Figs. 10 and 11).

[0090] Fig. 20 shows an element with grooves and tongues on the outer joining surfaces to facilitate positioning and joining and to reduce or completely eliminate the need for adhesive or glue. The grooves and tongues are drawn here along the course of the individual layers, but they can also be incorporated into the surfaces independently of the individual layers. The grooves and tongues can be provided with a course that enables a positive connection between the elements, as described in Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 for the individual elements. Furthermore, a connection of individual structural elements using external springs is possible, as described for individual elements in Fig. 15.

[0091] When manufacturing the structural elements, the woody part of the hemp stalk is not shredded into shives and then glued back together, but the stalk is used in the largest, most compact form possible so that the structural strength of the stalk is utilized.

[0092] The following explanations and definitions, as well as length specifications and processing methods, describe an exemplary, non-limiting embodiment of the invention. The usable stem length depends primarily on the height and growth habit of the hemp plant, but can also be influenced by the harvesting method or damage such as kinks or cracks.

[0093] The stem is relatively cylindrical in its lower section; at a certain height, branching and seed formation begin. With dense growth, fewer branches generally develop; as the plant gains more weight, this leads to bushier growth with more and lower branching. As a concrete example, the dimensions of an industrial hemp plant of the Fedora-17 variety are given: total height approximately 220 cm, branching and seed formation from a height of approximately 135 cm, the stem thickness measurements resulted in approximately 13.5 mm when measured 15 cm above the ground, approximately 3 mm at a height of 50 cm, and 11.5 mm at 100 cm. The almost cylindrical section is now suitable for further processing into patented individual elements and further into construction elements. The maximum length of the stem can be approximately 100 cm.120cm to 130cm if you don't want to process the branched part further and also remove the often curved stem section directly above the ground. If you wanted to create a single element with a completely square cross-section, this would result in a certain side length that is primarily defined by the upper part of the plant with its smaller stem diameter. Therefore, more material would have to be planed off the lower, thicker part of the plant stem than would be necessary for the square cross-section. However, it is also conceivable to split the raw stem of the plant and process the individual stem sections into square individual elements with different side lengths in order to achieve a certain optimization of the volume utilization of the stem material.Optimizations in various directions are possible. For some variants of the invention, it is conceivable to not fit the individual elements into the corresponding cross-section over their entire length in order to utilize the full length of a stalk. The selected cross-section can be incomplete in places, so that portions of the more circular, natural cross-section of the hemp stalk are retained. This would be suitable for internal layers of the structural element or for external layers with lower visual requirements and, due to the larger void fraction within the structural element, would lead to increased material utilization relative to the component volume.

[0094] This void portion can be filled with materials that direct the properties of the entire component in a desired direction, e.g. increasing the

[0095] Thermal insulation capacity.

[0096] The aim is therefore to process the harvested hemp stalks into individual elements in as large a volume as possible, depending on the optimization specifications, without breaking or crushing them. During the processing step from individual elements to structural elements, it is also planned to install the individual elements along their entire length, if possible, and possibly join several individual elements lengthwise if the structural element is to be longer than the individual elements. However, it is also planned to shorten or split the individual elements if the dimensions of the desired structural element are smaller than the corresponding dimensions of the individual elements.

[0097] Within the inventive structural element, components made of other materials can be partially inserted to adapt its properties. For example, hardwood elements can be glued to provide more stable mounting points. Or materials with high tensile strength can be incorporated to increase the tensile or flexural strength of the overall component.

[0098] Another option for joining individual elements within the layers and between layers is to bind them together with wires, cords, or tapes. It seems advisable to provide recesses around the perimeter of the individual elements to accommodate cords or tapes. For example, binding with plastic tapes, the ends of which can be welded together, seems appropriate in this context. Lateral fixation of the individual elements or the layers to each other is possible using additional pins. Joining with cords or tapes allows the use of adhesives or glues to be minimized or eliminated.

[0099] Furthermore, it is possible to glue the individual elements or plates together using molten material, e.g. molten plastic.

[0100] To adapt the material properties to the desired requirements, the material can be treated volumetrically or on its surface. This includes impregnation, painting, or treatment with oils. Changing the properties includes improving (reducing) fire behavior, reducing water absorption, increasing surface hardness, and sealing the surface.

[0101] Overall, the presented invention suggests an environmentally friendly and resource-saving way to provide construction elements for a wide variety of purposes. These elements can be manufactured in the form of panels, boards, beams, posts, or blocks, among others. The result is a lightweight material comparable to wood and, in certain areas, can be used instead of wood. Applications also include components for the manufacture of buildings, furniture, and everyday objects.

[0102] Any lower strength compared to wood materials can be compensated by increasing or modeling the material thickness accordingly or by manufacturing it as a composite material.

[0103] List of reference symbols

[0104] 1 Single rod, here referred to as single element, made from the stem of the hemp plant

[0105] 2 Adhesive surface between two individual elements

[0106] 2a Joint between the end faces of two individual elements

[0107] 3 or 3a End face of a single element

[0108] 3b End face of a hexagonal single element

[0109] 3c Front face of an octagonal single element

[0110] 4 single layer

[0111] 5 (middle) layer

[0112] 6 (lower) layer

[0113] 7 single layer

[0114] 8 single layer

[0115] 9 Cavity or space between two individual elements

[0116] 10 Top layer made of material other than hemp wood

[0117] 11 Dowel / joining pin

[0118] 12 single element (front face) with tongue and groove elements

[0119] 13 spring, with central thickening

[0120] 14 groove, trapezoidal

[0121] 15 foreign springs

[0122] 16 Single element bent into a round shape 17 Layer consisting of single elements that contain the edge segment of the hemp stems

[0123] 18 Surface of a single element with a circular outer contour of the hemp stem, which may also contain the bark of the stem

[0124] 19 Groove element related to a construction block

[0125] 20 Spring element related to a construction block

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A construction element comprising at least two, preferably a plurality of, individual elements (1) which are joined together by gluing, binding, mechanical friction and / or form-fitting, characterized in that each individual element (1) is formed from a processed, in particular at least partially or completely peeled, stem of a hemp plant, in particular Cannabis Sativa, wherein the stems have a cut length and are processed such that they are at least partially, preferably substantially completely, free of hemp fibers surrounding an untreated stem as bark, so that preferably the individual elements only comprise the woody core region of a stem, wherein the processed stems have a stem diameter or cross-section that is at least partially reduced compared to an unprocessed stem,wherein the individual elements forming the construction element have a first length along a first direction, the first length being substantially equal to or shorter than the cut length of the unprocessed stems.

2. Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual elements (1) are machined in such a way that they have flat, straight surfaces along their length, wherein the surfaces are designed as connecting surfaces (2) for attaching further individual elements (1).

3. Structural element according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the fibrous bark of the individual stems has been removed at least in sections by mechanical abrasion, for example peeling.

4. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual elements are at least partially free of the fibrous bark, which has been removed together with a portion of the woody core, preferably by planing.

5. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual elements (1) are joined together longitudinally to form a plate shape (4, 5, 6).

6. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when there are end-face connections of the individual elements (1), these butt joints (2a) are offset from the butt joints of the adjacent longitudinal tracks.

7. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two or more construction elements are joined together in a plate-like or planar manner.

8. Structural element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that individual structural elements are arranged at an angle to one another in their longitudinal direction.

9. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that cavities (9) are formed between individual elements (1).

10. Construction element according to claim 9, characterized in that the cavities (9) between the individual elements comprise a material, wherein the material is different from hemp plants, wherein preferably the material is such that the overall mechanical properties of the construction element are changed compared to a construction element without material, wherein, for example, the strength of the construction element is increased by the material.

11. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least individual elements contain portions of hemp fibers or of fiber-containing bark.

12. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual elements (1) are joined together by tying them together with cords, bands or wires.

13. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual elements (1) are glued together by melted plastic films or strips.

14. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual elements (1) are positively connected to one another by interlocking groove-shaped grooves and tongues.

15. Construction elements according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that selected surfaces of the individual elements (1) are made water-repellent by a hydrophobic treatment.

16. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that selected surfaces of the individual elements (1) are provided with cover layers (10) which have modified properties compared to uncoated individual elements (1).

17. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction element has at least one intermediate layer between at least two, preferably several, in particular all, individual layers (4, 5, 6, 7, 8), which comprises a further organic or inorganic material different from hemp wood but comprising hemp fibers.

18. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual elements (1) are connected to one another by dowels, pins, nails.

19. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least in partial areas of the construction element the individual elements are arranged in all three spatial directions, for example along the three Cartesian coordinates x, y, z.

20. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual elements (1) have a curved shape in order to form a curved construction element after assembly.

21. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one surface of the individual elements (1) or of the Construction element may comprise unprocessed segments of a stem with fibrous bark.

22. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that joining or mounting surfaces of the individual elements (1) or of the construction element are equipped with tongue and groove-like connecting elements (19, 20).

23. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the individual elements (1) have a substantially rectangular, square, hexagonal or octagonal cross-sectional shape.

24. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction element is formed from at least two layers (4, 5) arranged one above the other in a sandwich-like manner, wherein a first layer (4) is formed from a plurality of individual elements (1) which are arranged parallel to a first direction, and a second layer (5) is formed from a plurality of individual elements (1) which are arranged parallel to a second direction, wherein the first layer (4) is arranged in relation to the second layer (5) in such a way that the first direction is oriented substantially orthogonally to the second direction.

25. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first length is more than 50%, more than 60%, more than 70%, more than 80%, more than 90% or substantially 100% of the cutting length.

26. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the construction element is formed from at least two groups of individual elements, wherein a first group of individual elements has the first length and a second group of individual elements has a second length which is shorter than the first length, wherein the individual elements of the first group are oriented parallel to one another along a first direction and the individual elements of the second group are oriented parallel to one another along a second direction, wherein in particular the first direction is oriented substantially orthogonal to the second direction. T Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that selected individual elements are shortened to a length suitable for an installation location in the construction element before being joined together.

28. Construction element according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that sections of the construction element made of material different from hemp wood are incorporated, which partially change the properties, for example the strength.

29. Building element, for example wall element, ceiling element, piece of furniture or furniture part, door or window, comprising a construction element according to one of the preceding claims.

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