Hydrraulic support for solid waste cemented compact backfill mining, and backfill method

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are a hydraulic support for solid waste cemented compact backfill mining, and a backfill method. The hydraulic support for backfill mining comprises: a support body portion, a solid backfill aggregate conveying portion, a composite backfill portion and a backfill feedback portion, wherein the composite backfill portion comprises a screw pressing device and a cementing slurry application device, the screw pressing device comprising a sliding base, a screw pressing assembly and a backfill isolation vertical plate, and the cementing slurry application device comprising a cementing slurry conveying line and a backfill area grouting pipe; and the backfill feedback portion comprises an optical fiber stress sensor and a liquid level sensor. By means of the screw pressing device first performing continuous backfill and compressing solid backfill aggregate to improve the degree of backfill compaction of the solid backfill aggregate, and then the cementing slurry application device applying cementing slurry to the backfill body of the solid backfill aggregate which has been primarily compressed and compacted, so as to fill gaps between solid backfill aggregate particles, in order to obtain a stable backfill body with a high degree of compaction, the present invention enables effective control of long-term slow ground deformation while controlling initial deformation of the backfill body.

Description

A hydraulic support for solid waste cementation and dense filling mining and a filling method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a filling hydraulic support and a filling method, in particular to a solid waste cementation dense filling mining hydraulic support and a filling method, belonging to the technical field of mine mining. Background Art

[0002] Backfill mining is to fill abandoned backfill materials into the goaf of the working face to control the collapse of the roof. After filling, the disturbance to the rock strata is small, and the rock strata movement and surface subsidence can be effectively controlled, thereby solving the coal mining environmental problems and the three-down-one-up compressed coal mining problems. It is an important way to increase the recovery rate of coal resources, improve the mining environment, and realize efficient and green mining in the coal industry.

[0003] With the development of underground filling mining technology in coal mines, the problems of surface subsidence control and surface discharge of solid waste have been partially solved, and the situation of surface collapse damaging the environment and the waste of idle resources in the "three underground" areas has been alleviated. However, coal mining faces located underground in strategic pipelines, important power facilities, high-rise buildings and other places have put forward higher requirements for the control of overburden deformation and long-term surface subsidence of the filling mining faces. It is necessary to improve the filling density and limit the long-term deformation of the filling body.

[0004] Backfill mining hydraulic supports are important support equipment used in backfill mining in underground coal mines. They are primarily used to support the roof, isolate goaf areas, and protect the safety of underground personnel. They also form a relatively closed backfill area behind the supports, enabling backfilling while mining. Currently, backfill mining technologies for underground coal mine working faces are categorized by filling materials and processes, primarily into solid backfill methods using solid waste such as gangue and waste rock, and grouting methods using slurry materials such as paste and high-water-density materials.

[0005] The backfill mining hydraulic support used in the solid backfill method usually includes a scraper conveyor suspended under the top beam and a pushing and compacting mechanism that is telescopically arranged behind the base of the backfill mining hydraulic support. The scraper conveyor is used to transport solid waste into the goaf, and the solid waste in the goaf is compacted by controlling the telescopic action of the pushing and compacting mechanism. On the one hand, since the pushing and compacting mechanism can only exert a non-continuous squeezing force on the backfill, the solid particles fall back significantly after the pushing and compacting mechanism is retracted, and the density of the backfill cannot be effectively controlled. On the other hand, during the application of the solid backfill method, since the solid particles of the backfill are accumulated to form a load-bearing skeleton structure, and there are large gaps between the solid particles, the gaps between the solid particles will gradually close under the long-term action of the overburden load, releasing the deformation space, which will lead to long-term and slow deformation of the ground surface.

[0006] The hydraulic support used in the grouting filling method usually includes an upper retaining wall suspended on the top beam, a lower retaining wall fixed to the rear of the base, and a slurry conveying pipe suspended under the top beam. The upper and lower retaining walls are used to isolate the working face and the goaf, and the filling slurry is transported into the goaf through the slurry conveying pipe. On the one hand, the use of filling slurry for filling has problems with the shrinkage and water seepage of the filling slurry. That is, the volume of the filling body formed after dehydration and solidification of the filling slurry is correspondingly reduced, which in turn results in a low roof connection rate of the filling body. On the other hand, the initial setting time and initial setting strength of the filling slurry material have an important influence on the control effect of the filling mining rock formation. When the initial setting strength of the filling slurry material is low, it will cause the goaf roof to sink immediately. The initial setting time greatly affects the advancement speed of the working face and limits the efficient production of the working face. If a quick-setting filling slurry material is used, the filling cost is too high and uneconomical.

[0007] If prefabricated gangue aggregate concrete is used to fill the goaf, although the problem of particle void deformation of solid filling can be avoided, it must be transported through pipelines. However, dense filling materials with high coarse aggregate content and high mass concentration will cause great wear on the conveying pipelines when transported over long distances, and the pipeline transportation method has high energy consumption and poor economy. Technical issues

[0008] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a hydraulic support and filling method for solid waste cemented dense filling mining, which can form a high-strength skeleton support structure of the solid filling aggregate filling body in the goaf and achieve high-density filling of the goaf under the premise of controlling the initial deformation of the filling body, thereby effectively controlling the long-term slow deformation of the surface. Technical Solutions

[0009] In order to achieve the above purpose, the solid waste cementation dense filling mining hydraulic support includes a frame part, a solid filling aggregate conveying part, a composite filling part and a filling feedback part;

[0010] The frame part includes a top beam, a column, a connecting rod mechanism and a base. The top beam is connected to the base through the column and the connecting rod mechanism.

[0011] The composite filling part includes a screw pushing device and a bonding slurry applying device;

[0012] The screw pushing device is arranged on the base, including a slide, a screw pushing assembly and a filling isolation vertical plate; the slide is slidingly matched on the base through a sliding guide mechanism arranged in the front and rear directions, and the slide is installed and connected with the filling reaction seat fixedly arranged on the base through a sliding control hydraulic cylinder; the screw pushing assembly includes a screw pushing power component, a screw conveying main shaft and a screw pushing sleeve, including a screw pushing blade extending along the radial direction. The screw conveying main shaft is transmission-connected to the screw pushing power component, and the screw pushing sleeve cooperating with the screw pushing blade is sleeved and installed on the screw On the outside of the rotary conveying main shaft, a spiral pushing sleeve with a sealed front end and an open rear end is fixedly installed and connected to the slide seat, and the spiral pushing sleeve is also provided with a filling feed port that penetrates the inner cavity of the spiral pushing sleeve; a filling port corresponding to the spiral pushing sleeve is provided on the vertically arranged filling isolation vertical plate, and the filling isolation vertical plate is sealed and fixedly installed with the rear end of the spiral pushing sleeve, and the height and width dimensions of the filling isolation vertical plate are respectively matched with the support height and width dimensions of the frame part, and a closed air bag including an inflation and deflation mechanism is also fixedly provided at the contour edge position of the filling isolation vertical plate;

[0013] The cementing slurry application device includes a cementing slurry delivery pipeline and a filling area grouting pipe; the filling area grouting pipe is a flower pipe structure, and the filling area grouting pipe extending rearward is fixedly installed on the filling isolation vertical plate; the input end of the cementing slurry delivery pipeline is connected to the cementing slurry pumping mechanism, and the output end of the cementing slurry delivery pipeline is sealed and connected to the filling area grouting pipe;

[0014] The solid filling aggregate conveying part includes an inclined loading and conveying device, which includes a feed port at the lower end and a discharge port at the higher end, and the discharge port is arranged corresponding to the filling feed port;

[0015] The filling feedback part includes an optical fiber stress sensor for sensing the filling pressure of the filling area and a liquid level sensor for sensing the amount of bonding slurry applied. The optical fiber stress sensor is wound on the optical fiber pay-off drum located on the base, and the liquid level sensor is set on the filling isolation plate.

[0016] A filling method for a hydraulic support based on solid waste cementation and compaction filling, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0017] a. Filling Preparation: The filling hydraulic support is in a positioned support state on the top plate against which the top beam rests, the closed airbag is in an uninflated state, and the sliding control hydraulic cylinder is retracted, causing the slide to drive the spiral push assembly and the filling isolation plate forward to the set position. The optical fiber stress sensor is then released from the optical fiber pay-off drum. The end of the optical fiber stress sensor is pulled rearward and passed through the gap between the filling isolation plate and the bottom plate, and then fixed to the bottom plate of the filling area.

[0018] b. Solid-fill aggregate filling operation: High-pressure gas is injected into the enclosed airbag through the inflation and deflation mechanism, causing the enclosed airbag to expand and seal the isolated filling area. The loading and conveying device is then activated to convey the solid-fill aggregate into the spiral pushing sleeve through the filling inlet. Simultaneously, the spiral pushing power component is activated to cause the spiral conveying main shaft to continuously rotate in the forward direction, conveying the solid-fill aggregate in the spiral pushing sleeve backward and pushing it into the filling area through the filling inlet of the filling isolation plate. When the optical fiber stress sensor indicates that the vertical pressure in the filling area reaches a set threshold, the loading and conveying device and the spiral pushing power component are controlled to shut down.

[0019] c. Slurry application: Control the sliding control hydraulic cylinder to extend, so that the hydraulic pressure reaches the set value and maintains the pressure, then start the slurry pumping mechanism to pump the slurry into the grouting pipe in the filling area through the slurry delivery pipeline. When the liquid level sensor feedback indicates that the filling area is full, control the slurry pumping mechanism to close;

[0020] d. Frame moving operation: After controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder to maintain pressure for the set time, the column is first controlled to be lowered to separate the top beam from the top plate. The sliding control hydraulic cylinder is then controlled to fully extend, causing the base to drive the frame part forward by one step. At the same time, the optical fiber pay-off drum releases the optical fiber stress sensor for laying. After controlling the column to be raised to position and support the top beam on the top plate, the inflation and deflation mechanism is first controlled to deflate the closed airbag. The sliding control hydraulic cylinder is then controlled to retract and reset, causing the slide to drive the spiral push assembly and the filling isolation plate to move forward as a whole for reset.

[0021] Repeat steps b, c, and d for continuous step filling.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present invention, the length dimension of the screw conveying main shaft along the front-to-back direction is greater than the length dimension of the screw pushing sleeve along the front-to-back direction; while step d controls the sliding control hydraulic cylinder to retract and reset, it controls the screw pushing power component to make the screw conveying main shaft rotate in the opposite direction.

[0023] As another embodiment of the present invention, the length dimension of the screw conveying main shaft along the front-to-back direction is matched with the length dimension of the screw pushing sleeve along the front-to-back direction; while step d controls the sliding control hydraulic cylinder to retract and reset, it controls the screw pushing power component to make the screw conveying main shaft rotate in the reverse direction or in the forward direction.

[0024] As a further improvement of the present invention, a vibrating rod including a vibration drive mechanism is fixedly provided on the filling isolation vertical plate, and the vibrating rod is extended rearward; step b starts the spiral pushing power component to make the spiral conveying main shaft continue to rotate in the positive direction, and starts the vibration drive mechanism of the vibrating rod; step c starts the bonding slurry pumping mechanism to pump the bonding slurry into the grouting pipe of the filling area, and starts the vibration drive mechanism of the vibrating rod.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, the vibrating rod is located at the bottom of the filling isolation plate, and the filling area grouting pipe is located at the top of the filling isolation plate.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, a synchronous push hydraulic cylinder is also installed on the filling reaction seat, which is consistent with the telescopic direction of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder. The telescopic end of the synchronous push hydraulic cylinder is installed and connected to the spiral pushing sleeve or the spiral pushing power component; while controlling the telescopic action of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder in steps c and d, the synchronous push hydraulic cylinder is controlled to perform synchronous telescopic action.

[0027] As a further improvement of the present invention, a rear-end grooving device is provided at a position corresponding to the bottom of the optical fiber pay-off drum at the rear end of the base. The rear-end grooving device includes a plowshare bent forward and downward in a hook shape. The plowshare is hooked into the bottom plate, and a fiber optic stress sensor traction guide structure is provided on the plowshare. The fiber optic stress sensor passes through the fiber optic stress sensor traction guide structure.

[0028] As a further improvement of the present invention, the input end of the cementing slurry delivery pipeline is connected to the cementing slurry pumping mechanism through a three-way control joint, and the other passage of the three-way control joint is connected to the water injection mechanism; after step c controls the closure of the cementing slurry pumping mechanism, the three-way control joint is controlled to connect the water injection mechanism with the cementing slurry delivery pipeline, and clean water is injected into the grouting pipe in the filling area through the cementing slurry delivery pipeline to flush the pipeline.

[0029] As a further improvement of the present invention, a drain outlet that can be opened and closed is provided at the bottom of the filling isolation plate, and a selective permeable membrane that is permeable to water but not to slurry is provided on the drain outlet; the drain outlet is opened when clean water is injected into the grouting pipe in the filling area to flush the pipeline, and the cleaning water discharged through the drain outlet is filtered and discharged into the tunnel drainage ditch. After the pipeline flushing is completed, the water injection mechanism is closed, and the drain outlet is closed after the cleaning water is drained.

[0030] As a further improvement of the present invention, an openable and closable exhaust port is provided on the top of the filling isolation plate; in step c, the exhaust port is opened when the cementing slurry pumping mechanism is started to pump the cementing slurry into the grouting pipe of the filling area, and the exhaust port is closed when the liquid level sensor feedback shows that the filling area is full. Beneficial effects

[0031] Compared with the existing technology, the solid waste cemented dense filling mining hydraulic support performs a composite filling operation on the goaf through a spiral pushing device and a cementing slurry applying device, that is, firstly, the spiral pushing device is used to continuously squeeze the solid filling aggregate into the goaf to improve the filling density of the solid filling aggregate, so that the solid filling aggregate filling body forms a high-strength skeleton support structure that can resist the initial deformation of the surrounding rock due to mining, and then the cementing slurry applying device is used to apply the cementing slurry to the solid filling aggregate filling body that has been squeezed densely, so that the cementing slurry fills the gaps between the solid filling aggregate particles, thereby obtaining a solid filling aggregate. A stable, high-strength filling body that effectively limits long-term deformation of the ground surface; real-time feedback of the vertical pressure of the filling area by the optical fiber stress sensor is used to control the filling amount of the solid filling aggregate, and feedback from the liquid level sensor is used to control the application amount of the cementing slurry, thereby achieving precise control of the filling amount; by controlling the extension and contraction of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder, on the one hand, the step-by-step moving frame can be achieved through the reaction force of the filling isolation vertical plate, and on the other hand, the filling isolation vertical plate can further compact the filling body to increase its support strength, which can effectively control the long-term slow deformation of the ground surface under the premise of controlling the initial deformation of the filling body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Type your figure caption description paragraph here.

[0033] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0034] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spiral pushing sleeve and the filling isolation plate of the present invention;

[0035] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention when preparing for filling;

[0036] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the solid filling aggregate filling operation of the present invention;

[0037] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention during the application of the cementing slurry;

[0038] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention during the frame moving operation.

[0039] In the figure: 1. front top beam, 2. middle top beam, 3. rear top beam, 4. front column, 5. middle column, 6. rear column, 7. connecting rod mechanism, 8. base, 9. filling reaction seat, 10. synchronous push hydraulic cylinder, 11. feeding posture control device, 12. sliding control hydraulic cylinder, 13. screw pushing power component, 14. screw pushing sleeve, 15. filling feed port, 16. screw pushing blade, 17. cementing slurry conveying pipeline, 18. grouting pipe in filling area, 19. exhaust port, 20. vibrating rod, 21. drain port, 22. slide seat, 23. sliding guide mechanism, 24. rear grooving device, 25. feeding and conveying device, 26. feed port, 27. discharge port, 28. filling isolation plate, 29. sealing air bag, 30. optical fiber pay-off drum, 31. liquid level sensor. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings (the description below will be made with the left side of FIG. 1 as the front).

[0041] The solid waste cementation dense filling mining hydraulic support comprises a frame part, a solid filling aggregate conveying part, a composite filling part and a filling feedback part.

[0042] As shown in Figure 1, the frame part includes a top beam, columns, a connecting rod mechanism 7 and a base 8. The top beam includes at least a middle top beam 2, and the middle top beam 2 is installed and connected to the base 8 through the columns and the connecting rod mechanism 7. The top beam can also include a front top beam 1 and a rear top beam 3 that are hingedly installed at the head and tail with the middle top beam 2. The columns include at least a front column 4 and a rear column 6, and can also include a middle column 5. The connecting rod mechanism 7 can be a four-link mechanism including a diagonal beam, a front link and a rear link.

[0043] The composite filling part includes a screw pushing device and a bonding slurry applying device;

[0044] The screw pushing device is arranged on the base 8, including a slide 22, a screw pushing assembly and a filling isolation vertical plate 28; the slide 22 is slidably mounted on the base 8 through a sliding guide mechanism 23 arranged along the front and rear directions, and the slide 22 is installed and connected with the filling reaction seat 9 fixedly arranged on the base 8 through a sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12. The sliding guide mechanism 23 can be a guide groove structure that cooperates with the slide 22, or it can be other linear reciprocating guide structures such as a guide slide rail structure that cooperates with the slide 22; the screw pushing assembly includes a screw pushing power component 13, a screw conveying main shaft and a screw pushing sleeve 14, including a screw pushing blade 16 extending radially and connected to the screw pushing power component 13 for transmission, and the screw pushing sleeve 14 that cooperates with the screw pushing blade 16 is sleeved and mounted on the outside of the screw conveying main shaft, and the screw pushing sleeve 14 is a structure with a closed front end and an open rear end, and the screw pushing sleeve 14 is fixedly installed and connected to the slide 22, and the screw pushing The sleeve 14 is also provided with a filling feed port 15 that is connected to the inner cavity of the spiral pushing sleeve 14. The spiral pushing power component 13 can be a driving motor or a driving hydraulic motor, preferably a driving hydraulic motor. By controlling the action of the spiral pushing power component 13, the spiral conveying main shaft can be rotated along its axis, thereby realizing material transportation to the rear; as shown in Figure 2, the vertically arranged filling isolation vertical plate 28 is provided with a filling port corresponding to the spiral pushing sleeve 14, and the filling isolation vertical plate 28 is sealed and fixedly installed with the rear end of the spiral pushing sleeve 14. The height and width dimensions of the filling isolation vertical plate 28 are respectively matched with the support height and width dimensions of the frame part. The contour edge position of the filling isolation vertical plate 28 is also fixedly provided with an integrated structure of the closed air bag 29. The closed air bag 29 includes an inflation and deflation mechanism, and the sliding seat 22 can drive the spiral pushing assembly and the filling isolation vertical plate 28 to move as a whole in the front and rear directions by controlling the telescopic action of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12;

[0045] The bonding slurry applying device includes a bonding slurry conveying pipeline 17 and a filling area grouting pipe 18; the filling area grouting pipe 18 is a flower tube structure including a plurality of through holes penetrating its inner cavity, and the filling area grouting pipe 18 extending rearward is fixedly installed on the filling isolation vertical plate 28, and the filling area grouting pipe 18 is located at the top of the filling isolation vertical plate 28; the input end of the bonding slurry conveying pipeline 17 is connected to the bonding slurry pumping mechanism, and the output end of the bonding slurry conveying pipeline 17 is sealed and connected to the filling area grouting pipe 18. In order to facilitate the arrangement of the bonding slurry conveying pipeline 17, the bonding slurry conveying pipeline 17 can be suspended and installed on the top beam. In order to facilitate the installation and connection of the bonding slurry conveying pipeline 17 and the filling area grouting pipe 18, the front end of the filling area grouting pipe 18 can be penetrated and sealed and fixed on the filling isolation vertical plate 28.

[0046] The solid filling aggregate conveying part includes an inclined loading and conveying device 25, which includes a feed port 26 at the lower end and a discharge port 27 at the higher end, and the discharge port 27 is arranged corresponding to the filling feed port 15. The loading and conveying device 25 can be a spiral conveying structure, a scraper conveying structure or a belt conveying structure. The loading and conveying device 25 can be suspended and installed on the top beam, or it can be installed on the filling reaction seat 9 through a loading posture control device 11 that can control the pitch and swing angles of the loading and conveying device 25 as shown in Figure 1.

[0047] The filling feedback part includes an optical fiber stress sensor for sensing the filling pressure of the filling area and a liquid level sensor 31 for sensing the amount of adhesive slurry applied. The optical fiber stress sensor is wound on the optical fiber pay-off drum 30 located on the base 8. As shown in Figure 2, the liquid level sensor 31 is set on the filling isolation plate 28.

[0048] When using the solid waste cemented dense filling mining hydraulic support for filling mining, taking tunnel filling mining as an example, the specific steps include:

[0049] Filling preparation: In the initial state of the positioning support of the hydraulic support for solid waste cementation and dense filling mining, as shown in Figure 3, the column is raised to push the top beam against the top plate, and the closed air bag 29 is in an uninflated and deflated state. At this time, there is a moving gap between the filling isolation plate 28 and the surrounding rock. The sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 is controlled to retract, so that the slide 22 drives the spiral pushing assembly and the filling isolation plate 28 to move forward to the set position as a whole. The front end surface of the filling isolation plate 28 can be docked with the rear end of the top beam, and then the optical fiber stress sensor is released from the optical fiber pay-off drum 30, and the end of the optical fiber stress sensor is pulled out backward and passed through the gap between the filling isolation plate 28 and the bottom plate, and then fixed on the bottom plate of the filling area;

[0050] Solid filling aggregate filling operation: As shown in FIG4 , high-pressure gas is filled into the closed airbag 29 through the inflation and deflation mechanism to expand the closed airbag 29 to realize a closed and isolated filling area, and then the loading and conveying device 25 is started to convey the solid filling aggregate into the spiral pushing sleeve 14 through the filling feed port 15, and at the same time the spiral pushing power component 13 is started to rotate the spiral conveying main shaft in the forward direction to convey the material backward. The solid filling aggregate is pushed into the filling area through the filling port of the filling isolation vertical plate 28 under the continuous spiral pushing action of the spiral pushing blade 16 and is gradually squeezed and compacted; the optical fiber stress sensor provides real-time feedback of the vertical pressure of the filling area. When the vertical pressure of the filling area generated by the squeezing of the solid filling aggregate particles reaches a set threshold, the loading and conveying device 25 and the spiral pushing power component 13 are controlled to be closed to complete the solid filling aggregate filling operation, and the filling feed port 15 can be closed at this time;

[0051] Cementing slurry application operation: As shown in FIG5 , the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 is controlled to extend, and the hydraulic pressure value reaches the set value and is maintained, so that the filling isolation vertical plate 28 compacts the solid filling aggregate filling body in the filling area, so that the filling body can form a high-strength skeleton support structure that can resist the initial deformation of the surrounding rock due to mining. Then, the cementing slurry pumping mechanism is started to pump the cementing slurry into the filling area grouting pipe 18 through the cementing slurry delivery pipeline 17. The liquid level sensor 31 provides real-time feedback on the injection level of the cementing slurry. When the liquid level sensor 31 feedbacks that the cementing slurry is full, the cementing slurry pumping mechanism is controlled to be closed to complete the cementing slurry application operation. The cementing slurry can fill the gaps between the solid filling aggregate particles and cement the solid filling aggregate particles together, which can effectively limit the long-term deformation of the surface.

[0052] 6, the base 8 drives the frame body to move forward one step under the pushing action of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12. At the same time as the frame body moves forward as a whole, the optical fiber pay-off drum 30 releases the optical fiber stress sensor to realize the automatic laying of the optical fiber stress sensor; after completing the forward movement, the column is controlled to rise to position and support the top plate against which the top beam rests, and then the inflation and deflation mechanism is controlled to deflate the closed airbag 29, and then the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 is controlled to retract and reset, and the slide 22 drives the spiral pushing assembly and the filling isolation plate 28 to move forward to the set position as a whole for reset, and the filling isolation plate 28 is separated from the filling body, as shown in FIG1, a new filling area is formed between the filling isolation plate 28 and the filling body, and the frame moving operation is completed;

[0053] Similarly, the filling operation of solid filling aggregate, the application of cementing slurry, and the frame shifting operation can be repeated. After each frame shifting operation, even if the filling opening corresponding to the filling isolation plate 28 or the position of the filling area grouting pipe 18 is partially damaged due to the forward movement of the filling isolation plate 28, the subsequent filling operation of the new filling space will also fill and repair the locally damaged parts of the filling body formed by the previous filling operation, thereby forming a continuous, stable, and high-strength integral filling body.

[0054] After the application of the cement slurry is completed, in order to prevent the cement slurry from solidifying in the cement slurry delivery pipeline 17 and the filling area grouting pipe 18, which would affect the subsequent application of the cement slurry, as a further improvement of the present invention, the input end of the cement slurry delivery pipeline 17 is connected to the cement slurry pumping mechanism via a three-way control joint, and the other passage of the three-way control joint is connected to the water injection mechanism. After the application of the cement slurry is completed, the three-way control joint can be controlled to connect the water injection mechanism to the cement slurry delivery pipeline 17, and clean water can be injected into the filling area grouting pipe 18 through the cement slurry delivery pipeline 17 to flush the pipeline. In order to facilitate the discharge of cleaning water used in flushing pipelines, an openable and closable drain outlet 21 can be set at the bottom of the filling isolation plate 28, and a selective permeable membrane that is permeable to water but not to slurry is provided on the drain outlet 21. The drain outlet 21 is closed when the cementing slurry is applied, and is opened when flushing the pipelines. The cleaning water used in flushing pipelines can be discharged through the drain outlet 21 and discharged into the tunnel drainage ditch after filtration.

[0055] In order to facilitate the exhaust during the application of the cement slurry, as a further improvement of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, an openable and closable exhaust port 19 can be set on the top of the filling isolation plate 28, and a selective permeable membrane that is permeable to water but not to slurry can also be set on the exhaust port 19. The exhaust port 19 is opened during the application of the cement slurry and the flushing of the pipeline to facilitate the smooth downward flow of the cement slurry and the cleaning water for flushing the pipeline. The exhaust port 19 can be closed when the liquid level sensor 31 feedbacks that it is full.

[0056] As one embodiment of the screw conveying spindle of the present invention, as shown in FIG1 , the length dimension of the screw conveying spindle in the front-to-back direction is greater than the length dimension of the screw pushing sleeve 14 in the front-to-back direction, i.e., the rear end of the screw conveying spindle extends outside the screw pushing sleeve 14. When the frame shifting operation controls the forward movement of the filling isolation plate 28, the screw pushing power component 13 can be controlled to rotate the screw conveying spindle in the opposite direction while the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 is retracted. This allows the rear end of the screw conveying spindle to rotate in the opposite direction to withdraw the cemented filling body, thereby minimizing the extent of local damage to the filling body caused by the forward movement of the filling isolation plate 28.

[0057] As another embodiment of the screw conveying main shaft of the present invention, the length dimension of the screw conveying main shaft in the front-to-back direction matches the length dimension of the screw pushing sleeve 14 in the front-to-back direction, that is, the screw conveying main shaft is entirely located in the screw pushing sleeve 14. When the frame shifting operation controls the filling isolation vertical plate 28 to move forward, the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 can be directly controlled to be fully retracted without controlling the screw pushing power component 13 to reversely rotate the screw conveying main shaft, or the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 can be controlled to be retracted while the screw pushing power component 13 is controlled to reversely rotate the screw conveying main shaft to separate from the already cemented filling body; or the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 can be controlled to be retracted while the screw pushing power component 13 is controlled to rotate the screw conveying main shaft in the forward direction, so that the solid filling aggregate in the screw pushing sleeve 14 is pushed backward to squeeze the already cemented filling body, thereby providing auxiliary driving force for the frame shifting operation.

[0058] In order to increase the filling density of the solid filling aggregate and facilitate the application of the cementing slurry, as a further improvement of the present invention, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, a vibrating rod 20 including a vibration drive mechanism is fixedly provided on the filling isolation vertical plate 28, and the vibrating rod 20 is arranged to extend rearward. The vibrating rod 20 can be provided in multiple pieces. During the filling operation of the solid filling aggregate, the vibrating rod 20 can be controlled to generate vibration to achieve compaction. During the application of the cementing slurry, the vibrating rod 20 can be controlled to generate vibration to promote the downward diffusion of the cementing slurry to fill the gaps between the solid filling aggregate particles.

[0059] Since the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the spiral pushing assembly and the filling isolation plate 28 to move in the front-to-back direction as a whole through the slide 22, in order to achieve stability in the movement of the spiral pushing assembly and the filling isolation plate 28 in the front-to-back direction and avoid unbalanced loading, as a further improvement of the present invention, as shown in FIG1 , a synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder 10 is further mounted on the filling reaction seat 9 in the same direction as the extension and contraction of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12. The extension and contraction ends of the synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder 10 are mounted and connected to the spiral pushing sleeve 14 or the spiral pushing power component 13. The synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder 10 can be arranged in multiple pieces that are geometrically symmetrical with respect to the spiral pushing sleeve 14. While controlling the extension and contraction of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder 12, the extension and contraction of the synchronous pushing hydraulic cylinder 10 can achieve stability in the movement of the spiral pushing assembly and the filling isolation plate 28 in the front-to-back direction and avoid unbalanced loading.

[0060] To facilitate the installation of the optical fiber stress sensor and minimize damage to the optical fiber stress sensor during installation, as a further improvement to the present invention, as shown in FIG1 , a rear-end grooving device 24 is provided at a position corresponding to the position below the optical fiber pay-off drum 30 at the rear end of the base 8. The rear-end grooving device 24 includes a hook-shaped plowshare bent forward and downward, which hooks into the base plate and is provided with a traction guide structure for the optical fiber stress sensor. The optical fiber stress sensor passes through the traction guide structure. During the frame shifting operation, as the base 8 moves forward one step, the rear-end grooving device 24 can use the plowshare to dig a groove in the base plate, and the traction guide structure for the optical fiber stress sensor allows the optical fiber stress sensor to be installed in the groove.

[0061] This solid waste cemented dense filling mining hydraulic support performs composite filling operations on the goaf through a spiral pushing device and a cemented slurry applying device. It can continuously squeeze the filling body in the goaf to construct a high-strength skeleton support structure to achieve high-density goaf filling while controlling the initial deformation of the filling body, and obtain a stable high-strength filling body that can effectively limit the long-term deformation of the surface. Industrial Applicability

[0062] Type your industrial applicability description paragraph here. Sequence Listing Free Content

[0063] Type your sequence listing free description paragraph here.

Claims

1. A hydraulic support for solid waste cementation and compaction filling mining, comprising a frame body, the frame body comprising a top beam, a column, a connecting rod mechanism (7) and a base (8), the top beam being mounted and connected to the base (8) via the column and the connecting rod mechanism (7); characterized in that: The solid waste cementation and compaction filling mining hydraulic support also includes a solid filling aggregate conveying part, a composite filling part and a filling feedback part; The composite filling part includes a screw pushing device and a bonding slurry applying device; The screw pushing device is arranged on a base (8), and comprises a slide seat (22), a screw pushing assembly and a filling isolation vertical plate (28); the slide seat (22) is slidingly matched on the base (8) through a sliding guide mechanism (23) arranged in the front-back direction, and the slide seat (22) is installed and connected with a filling reaction seat (9) fixedly arranged on the base (8) through a sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12); the screw pushing assembly comprises a screw pushing power component (13), a screw conveying main shaft and a screw pushing sleeve (14), wherein the screw conveying main shaft including a screw pushing blade (16) extending in the radial direction is drivingly connected to the screw pushing power component (13), and the screw pushing sleeve (14) matched with the screw pushing blade (16) is connected to the screw pushing power component (13). A spiral pressing sleeve (14) is sleeved and mounted on the outside of the spiral conveying main shaft, and the front end is sealed and the rear end is open, and is fixedly mounted and connected to the slide seat (22). The spiral pressing sleeve (14) is also provided with a filling feed port (15) that is in communication with the inner cavity of the spiral pressing sleeve (14). A filling port that corresponds to the spiral pressing sleeve (14) is provided on a vertically arranged filling isolation vertical plate (28), and the filling isolation vertical plate (28) is sealed and fixedly mounted and connected to the rear end of the spiral pressing sleeve (14). The height and width dimensions of the filling isolation vertical plate (28) are respectively matched with the support height and width dimensions of the frame part. A closed air bag (29) including an inflation and deflation mechanism is also fixedly provided at the contour edge position of the filling isolation vertical plate (28); The cement slurry application device comprises a cement slurry delivery pipeline (17) and a filling area grouting pipe (18); the filling area grouting pipe (18) is a flower pipe structure, and the filling area grouting pipe (18) extending backward is fixedly installed on the filling isolation vertical plate (28); the input end of the cement slurry delivery pipeline (17) is connected to the cement slurry pumping mechanism, and the output end of the cement slurry delivery pipeline (17) is connected to the filling area grouting pipe (18) in a sealed installation; The solid filling aggregate conveying part comprises a tilted loading conveying device (25), the loading conveying device (25) comprises a feeding port (26) at a lower end and a discharging port (27) at a higher end, and the discharging port (27) is arranged corresponding to the filling feeding port (15); The filling feedback part includes an optical fiber stress sensor for sensing the filling pressure of the filling area and a liquid level sensor (31) for sensing the amount of adhesive slurry applied, the optical fiber stress sensor is wound on an optical fiber pay-off drum (30) located on a base (8), and the liquid level sensor (31) is arranged on a filling isolation vertical plate (28).

2. The solid waste cementing and compacting filling mining hydraulic support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length dimension of the spiral conveying main shaft along the front-to-back direction is greater than the length dimension of the spiral pushing sleeve (14) along the front-to-back direction.

3. The solid waste cementation and compaction filling mining hydraulic support according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length dimension of the spiral conveying main shaft along the front-to-back direction matches the length dimension of the spiral pushing sleeve (14) along the front-to-back direction.

4. The solid waste cementation and compaction filling mining hydraulic support according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A vibrating rod (20) including a vibration driving mechanism is also fixedly provided on the filling isolation vertical plate (28), and the vibrating rod (20) is extended rearward.

5. The solid waste cementation and compaction filling mining hydraulic support according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The vibrating rod (20) is located at the bottom of the filling isolation vertical plate (28), and the filling area grouting pipe (18) is located at the top of the filling isolation vertical plate (28).

6. The solid waste cementation and compaction filling mining hydraulic support according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A synchronous hydraulic cylinder (10) is also mounted on the filling reaction seat (9) and has a telescopic direction consistent with that of the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12). The telescopic end of the synchronous hydraulic cylinder (10) is mounted and connected to a spiral pushing sleeve (14) or a spiral pushing power component (13).

7. The solid waste cementation and compaction filling mining hydraulic support according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: A rear-end groove cutting device (24) is provided at a position corresponding to the bottom of the optical fiber pay-off drum (30) at the rear end of the base (8). The rear-end groove cutting device (24) comprises a hook-shaped plowshare bent forward and downward, the plowshare is hooked into the bottom plate, and a fiber optic stress sensor traction guide structure is provided on the plowshare. The fiber optic stress sensor passes through the fiber optic stress sensor traction guide structure.

8. The solid waste cementation and compaction filling mining hydraulic support according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: The input end of the cement slurry delivery pipeline (17) is connected to the cement slurry pumping mechanism via a three-way control joint, and the other passage of the three-way control joint is connected to the water injection mechanism.

9. The solid waste bonding and compacting filling mining hydraulic support according to claim 8 is characterized in that: An openable and closable drain port (21) is provided at the bottom of the filling isolation vertical plate (28), and a selective permeable membrane that is permeable to water but not to slurry is provided on the drain port (21).

10. The solid waste cementation and compaction filling mining hydraulic support according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: An openable and closable exhaust port (19) is provided on the top of the filling isolation vertical plate (28).

11. A filling method based on the solid waste cementation and compaction mining hydraulic support as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: a. Preparation for filling: the filling hydraulic support is in a positioning support state on the top plate against which the top beam rests, the closed airbag (29) is in an uninflated state, the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) is controlled to retract, so that the slide seat (22) drives the spiral push assembly and the filling isolation plate (28) to move forward as a whole to a set position, and then the optical fiber stress sensor is released from the optical fiber pay-off drum (30), and the end of the optical fiber stress sensor is pulled out to the rear and passed through the gap between the filling isolation plate (28) and the bottom plate and then fixed on the bottom plate of the filling area; b. Solid filling aggregate filling operation: high-pressure gas is filled into the closed airbag (29) through the filling and deflation mechanism to expand the closed airbag (29) to seal and isolate the filling area, and then the feeding and conveying device (25) is started to convey the solid filling aggregate into the spiral pushing sleeve (14) through the filling feed port (15), and at the same time, the spiral pushing power component (13) is started to make the spiral conveying main shaft continue to rotate in the positive direction, and the solid filling aggregate in the spiral pushing sleeve (14) is conveyed backward and pushed into the filling area through the filling port of the filling isolation vertical plate (28); when the optical fiber stress sensor feedback shows that the vertical pressure of the filling area reaches a set threshold, the feeding and conveying device (25) and the spiral pushing power component (13) are controlled to be closed; c. Binder slurry application operation: control the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) to extend, make the hydraulic pressure value reach the set value and maintain the pressure, then start the binder slurry pumping mechanism to pump the binder slurry into the filling area grouting pipe (18) through the binder slurry delivery pipeline (17), and when the liquid level sensor (31) feedbacks that the filling area is full, control the closing of the binder slurry pumping mechanism; d. Frame moving operation: After controlling the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) to maintain pressure for a set time, first control the column to be lowered to separate the top beam from the top plate, then control the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) to be fully extended, so that the base (8) drives the frame part to move forward as a whole by one step, and at the same time, the optical fiber pay-off drum (30) releases the optical fiber stress sensor for laying; after controlling the column to be raised to position and support the top beam against the top plate, first control the inflation and deflation mechanism to deflate the closed airbag (29), then control the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) to retract and reset, so that the slide seat (22) drives the spiral push assembly and the filling isolation plate (28) to move forward as a whole for reset; Repeat steps b, c, and d for continuous step filling.

12. The filling method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The length dimension of the spiral conveying main shaft along the front-to-back direction is greater than the length dimension of the spiral pushing sleeve (14) along the front-to-back direction; In step d, the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) is controlled to retract and reset, and at the same time, the spiral pushing power component (13) is controlled to make the spiral conveying main shaft rotate in the opposite direction.

13. The filling method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The length dimension of the spiral conveying main shaft along the front-to-back direction matches the length dimension of the spiral pushing sleeve (14) along the front-to-back direction; In step d, the sliding control hydraulic cylinder (12) is controlled to retract and reset, and at the same time, the spiral pushing power component (13) is controlled to make the spiral conveying main shaft rotate in the reverse direction or in the forward direction.

14. The filling method according to claim 11, characterized in that: A vibrating rod (20) including a vibration driving mechanism is also fixedly provided on the filling isolation vertical plate (28), and the vibrating rod (20) is extended backward; In step b, the spiral pushing power component (13) is started to make the spiral conveying main shaft rotate continuously in the positive direction, and the vibration driving mechanism of the vibrating rod (20) is started; in step c, the cementing slurry pumping mechanism is started to pump the cementing slurry into the grouting pipe (18) of the filling area, and the vibration driving mechanism of the vibrating rod (20) is started.

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