Energy storage apparatus and energy storage system

Abstract

An energy storage apparatus and an energy storage system, the energy storage apparatus comprising a box body (11), a functional element, and a battery (22). The box body (11) comprises a battery compartment (111) and a functional compartment (112), and at least part of the functional compartment (112) is located above the battery compartment (111) in the direction of gravity; the battery (22) is accommodated in the battery compartment (111); and the functional element is accommodated in the functional compartment (112) and is at least partially located above the battery (22). The present energy storage apparatus improves the temperature consistency of the battery (22) in the battery compartment (111), and thereby improves the reliability of the energy storage apparatus; as the temperature rise of the battery (22) at the top in the battery compartment (111) is reduced, the service life of the battery (22) next to the upper part of the battery compartment (111) can be prolonged, thereby helping to increase the service life of the energy storage apparatus.

Description

Energy storage devices and energy storage systems

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202322634271.X, filed on September 27, 2023, entitled “Energy Storage Device and Energy Storage System,” and the entire contents of that application are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage device and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0004] With the rapid development of science and technology, electricity has become an indispensable energy source for people's production and daily life. To ensure smooth power supply and the normal operation of production and life, energy storage devices are needed. Energy storage devices, as electrical energy storage devices, store electrical energy in the device through charging or discharging, or supply stored energy to electrical devices. Energy storage devices are widely used in industrial power supply, household power supply, temporary power supply, mobile power supply, wind power generation, solar power generation, and energy storage power stations.

[0005] In the development of energy storage devices, in addition to improving their performance, improving their reliability is also an issue that cannot be ignored. Therefore, how to improve the reliability of energy storage devices is a technical issue that requires continuous improvement in energy storage technology.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present application provides an energy storage device and an energy storage system, which can improve the reliability of the energy storage device.

[0008] In a first aspect, the energy storage device provided according to an embodiment of the present application includes a case, a functional element and a battery, the case includes a battery compartment and a functional compartment, at least part of the functional compartment is located above the battery compartment along the direction of gravity; the battery is accommodated in the battery compartment; the functional element is accommodated in the functional compartment and is at least partially located above the battery.

[0009] In the energy storage device provided in the embodiment of the present application, at least a portion of the functional compartment of the box is located above the battery compartment along the direction of gravity, and at least a portion of the functional elements are located above the batteries. When the energy storage device is exposed to direct sunlight, this helps reduce the temperature rise of the batteries located near the top of the battery compartment along the direction of gravity, thereby improving the temperature consistency of the batteries in the battery compartment, which helps improve the reliability of the energy storage device. In addition, since the temperature rise of the batteries at the top of the battery compartment is reduced, the service life of the batteries located near the top of the battery compartment is improved, thereby helping to improve the service life of the energy storage device.

[0010] In some embodiments, the functional element includes a high-voltage connector electrically connected to a battery, and the functional compartment includes a first electrical compartment located above the battery compartment in the direction of gravity, housing the high-voltage connector. This facilitates connection between the high-voltage connector and the battery in the battery compartment, thereby simplifying the battery connection circuitry.

[0011] In some embodiments, the functional compartment includes a first electrical compartment, which is located above the battery compartment in the direction of gravity. The functional component and the main control component are electrically connected to the battery and are located in the first electrical compartment. This facilitates electrical connection between the battery and the main control component.

[0012] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes multiple main control elements and multiple battery clusters. Each battery cluster includes multiple electrically connected batteries arranged along the direction of gravity. The main control elements are electrically connected to the battery clusters in a one-to-one correspondence. This facilitates controlling a corresponding battery cluster through the main control element and enables separate control of the batteries. In the event of a malfunction of some batteries, only the corresponding battery cluster needs to be stopped without affecting the normal operation of other battery clusters, which helps further improve the reliability and service life of the energy storage device.

[0013] In some embodiments, the functional compartment further includes a second electrical compartment, which is located on one side of the battery compartment along a first direction intersecting the direction of gravity. The functional elements further include a master control element, which is housed within the second electrical compartment and electrically connected to the main control element. This facilitates simplifying the connection circuitry between the energy storage device and an external power source or electrical device, while improving the reliability and service life of the energy storage device, and also simplifies the internal connection circuitry of the energy storage device.

[0014] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a humidity control unit configured to control the humidity within the first electrical compartment. This helps reduce the risk of condensation within the first electrical compartment and the risk of condensation dripping onto the high-voltage connector, causing a short circuit or degradation of the high-voltage connector's insulation performance, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0015] In some embodiments, the humidity control unit is located on one side of the first electrical compartment along a first direction intersecting the direction of gravity, and the space where the humidity control unit is located is connected to the functional compartment located above the battery. This arrangement facilitates the humidity control unit to regulate the humidity of the functional compartment located above the battery.

[0016] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a temperature control unit configured to control the temperature within the first electrical compartment. This facilitates humidity control within the first electrical compartment, further reducing the risk of condensation within the first electrical compartment and improving the safety of the energy storage device.

[0017] In some embodiments, the temperature control unit is located on one side of the first electrical compartment along a first direction intersecting the direction of gravity. The space where the temperature control unit is located is connected to the functional compartment above the battery. This facilitates improving the efficiency of the temperature control unit in controlling the temperature of the first electrical compartment.

[0018] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further includes an insulator positioned between the battery compartment and the first electrical compartment. The insulator has a first flow channel for a fluid to flow through for heat exchange with the insulator. This allows the insulator to simultaneously cool or heat the battery and components such as the high-voltage connectors within the first electrical compartment, facilitating proper operation of the energy storage device.

[0019] In some embodiments, the functional compartment further includes a fluid supply compartment, which is disposed on one side of the battery compartment along a first direction intersecting the direction of gravity; and the functional element further includes a fluid supply element, which is disposed within the fluid supply compartment and communicates with the first flow channel to supply fluid to the first flow channel. This further reduces the risk of uneven temperature of the batteries within the battery compartment, thereby improving the reliability of the energy storage device.

[0020] In some embodiments, a battery includes: a battery module comprising a plurality of electrically connected battery cells; and a heat exchange element disposed on a side of the battery module facing away from the isolation element, the heat exchange element having a second flow channel for flowing a fluid to exchange heat with the battery module. The battery module exchanges heat with the heat exchange element on both sides along the direction of gravity. Batteries arranged along the direction of gravity have a more uniform temperature field, which further improves battery temperature consistency and increases the service life of the energy storage device.

[0021] In some embodiments, the fluid supply element is further connected to the second flow channel to supply fluid to the second flow channel. Such an arrangement is conducive to simplifying the structure of the energy storage device and improving space utilization.

[0022] In a second aspect, the energy storage system provided according to an embodiment of the present application includes the energy storage device provided by any of the above embodiments.

[0023] The energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application has the same technical effects as any of the energy storage devices provided in any of the above embodiments, and thus will not be described in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative work.

[0025] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery cluster in an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a battery cell in an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] In the drawings, the drawings are not drawn to scale.

[0034] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. Energy storage system; 10. Energy storage device; 11. Box; 111. Battery compartment; 1111. Battery sub-compartment; 112. Functional compartment; 112a. First electrical compartment; 112b. Second electrical compartment; 112c. Fluid supply compartment; 12. High-voltage connector; 13. Main control element; 14. Master control element; 15. Humidity control unit; 16. Temperature control unit; 17. Isolator; 18. Fluid supply element; 20. Battery cluster; 22. Battery; 221. Battery module; 222. Heat exchanger; 30. Battery cell; 31. Housing; 31a. Accommodation cavity; 32. Electrode assembly; 321. Electrode body; 322. Tab; 33. Electrode terminal; X, gravity direction; Y, first direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of the present application, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, that is, the present application is not limited to the described embodiments.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means more than two; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. "Vertical" is not strictly perpendicular, but is within the allowable error range. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but is within the allowable error range.

[0037] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0038] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] The term "plurality" used in this application refers to two or more (including two).

[0040] In this application, battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-ion primary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells, or magnesium-ion battery cells, and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto. Battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes, and the embodiments of this application are not limited thereto.

[0041] The battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may include one or more battery cells to provide a single physical module with higher voltage and capacity. When there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are connected in series, in parallel or in hybrid through a busbar.

[0042] In some embodiments, the battery may be a battery module; when there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are arranged and fixed to form a battery module.

[0043] In some embodiments, the battery may be a battery pack, which includes a case and battery cells, wherein the battery cells or battery modules are housed in the case.

[0044] In some embodiments, the energy storage device includes an energy storage container, an energy storage cabinet, etc.

[0045] A battery cell typically includes an electrode assembly. This assembly includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. During the charge and discharge process of a battery cell, active ions (such as lithium ions) are inserted and removed between the positive and negative electrodes. The separator, located between the positive and negative electrodes, prevents short circuits while allowing the active ions to pass through.

[0046] In some embodiments, the positive electrode may be a positive electrode sheet, which may include a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material disposed on at least one surface of the positive electrode current collector.

[0047] In some embodiments, the battery cell also includes an electrolyte, which acts as a conductor of ions between the positive and negative electrodes. This application does not specifically limit the type of electrolyte, and the electrolyte can be selected based on needs. The electrolyte can be liquid, gel, or solid.

[0048] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a wound structure, wherein the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are wound into the wound structure.

[0049] In some embodiments, the electrode assembly is a laminate structure.

[0050] Multiple positive electrode sheets and multiple negative electrode sheets can be provided respectively, and multiple positive electrode sheets and multiple negative electrode sheets can be alternately stacked.

[0051] In some embodiments, the shape of the electrode assembly can be cylindrical, flat, or polygonal.

[0052] The battery cell also includes a housing, which has a housing formed inside for accommodating the electrode assembly. The housing can protect the electrode assembly from the outside to prevent external foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the electrode assembly.

[0053] In related technologies, energy storage devices usually operate outdoors, and the battery compartment of the energy storage device is usually arranged on the top of the energy storage device. In this way, under direct sunlight, the batteries near the top of the battery compartment are exposed to more sunlight radiation, resulting in a higher temperature rise of the batteries on the top of the battery compartment and poor temperature consistency of the batteries in the battery compartment, which seriously affects the reliability of the energy storage device.

[0054] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application propose a new technical solution. The technical solution described in the embodiments of the present application is applicable to energy storage devices and energy storage systems using energy storage devices.

[0055] The energy storage system can be an energy storage power station, a wind power generation system, a solar power generation system, a mobile power system or a temporary power supply system. The energy storage power station can store electric energy during low electricity consumption, and provide electric energy to relevant users or electrical equipment during peak electricity consumption. The wind energy collected by the wind turbine of the wind power generation system is converted into electric energy, which is then stored by the energy storage device. The solar power generation system can convert solar energy into electric energy, which is then stored by the energy storage device and supplied to users in a timely manner. The mobile power system can supply power to relevant electrical equipment in places where the power grid power supply system cannot reach, such as remote mountainous areas, remote wilderness areas, etc. The temporary power supply system can supply power to users when the power supply is insufficient. The energy storage system provided in the embodiment of the present application can be any power system that requires an energy storage device.

[0056] As shown in FIG3 , the battery cell 30 described in the embodiment of the present application includes an electrode assembly 32 and a housing 31 . The housing 31 has a receiving cavity 31 a , and the electrode assembly 32 is received in the receiving cavity 31 a .

[0057] The outer shell 31 includes a shell 311 and an end cover 312. When assembling the battery cell 30, the electrode assembly 32 can be placed in the accommodating cavity 31a first, and then the end cover 312 is covered on the shell 311. Then, the electrolyte is injected into the accommodating cavity 31a through the electrolyte injection port on the end cover 312.

[0058] In some embodiments, the housing 31 may also be used to contain electrolytes, such as electrolytes. The housing 31 may be in various structural forms.

[0059] The housing 31 can have a variety of shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, etc. The shape of the housing 31 can be determined based on the specific shape of the electrode assembly 32. For example, if the electrode assembly 32 has a cylindrical structure, the housing 31 can also be a cylindrical structure. If the electrode assembly 32 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the housing 31 can also be a rectangular parallelepiped structure. In FIG4 , for example, both the housing and the electrode assembly 32 have rectangular parallelepiped structures.

[0060] The shell 31 can be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any special restrictions on this.

[0061] There may be one or more electrode assemblies 32 housed in the housing 31. In FIG4 , there are two electrode assemblies 32 housed in the housing 31.

[0062] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the energy storage device 10 provided according to an embodiment of the present application includes a housing 11 and a battery 22. The housing 11 includes a battery compartment 111 and a functional compartment 112. At least a portion of the functional compartment 112 is located above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X. The battery 22 is accommodated in the battery compartment 111.

[0063] The housing 11 includes a battery compartment 111 and a functional compartment 112. The battery 22 is housed in the battery compartment 111. The functional compartment 112 can be used to accommodate other functional components of the energy storage device 10 besides the battery 22, such as at least one of a high-voltage connector, a main control box, a master control box, firefighting components, a fluid supply component 18, and a high-voltage connector 12. The functional compartment 112 can be a single compartment, with different functional components integrated within it; alternatively, the functional compartment 112 can include multiple independent sub-compartments, with different functional components housed in different sub-compartments.

[0064] At least part of the functional compartment 112 is located above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X. In this case, the entire functional compartment 112 can be arranged to be located above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X. Alternatively, part of the functional compartment 112 can be arranged to be located above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, while the other part of the functional compartment 112 can be located to the side or below the battery compartment 111.

[0065] At least part of the functional compartment 112 is located above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X. It can be understood that the functional elements contained in the functional compartment 112 partially or completely cover the battery 22 below.

[0066] At least part of the functional compartment 112 is located above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, so at least part of the functional compartment 112 can cover the entire battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, or the functional compartment 112 covers a part above the battery compartment 111.

[0067] If at least a portion of the functional element is located above the battery 22, the functional element can block some sunlight from reaching the battery compartment 111, thereby reducing the risk of excessive temperature rise in the battery 22 near the top of the battery compartment 111 due to sunlight exposure. The battery 22 can include a battery cell 30, a battery module 221, or a battery pack. The battery module 221 includes multiple battery cells 30 connected in series and parallel, and the battery pack includes multiple battery cells 30 and a frame structure for accommodating the battery cells 30.

[0068] There may be multiple batteries 22 housed in the battery compartment 111 , and the multiple batteries 22 may be connected in series or in parallel. The energy storage and energy release processes of the energy storage device 10 are realized through the charging or discharging of the batteries 22 .

[0069] Since at least a portion of the functional compartment 112 is located above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, the batteries 22 in the battery compartment 111 will not be directly exposed to sunlight under sunlight, which is beneficial for reducing the temperature rise of the batteries 22 near the top of the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, so that the temperatures of the batteries 22 in different areas of the battery compartment 111 are as consistent as possible.

[0070] In the energy storage device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, at least a portion of the functional compartment 112 of the housing 11 is positioned above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, and at least a portion of the functional elements are positioned above the battery 22. When the energy storage device 10 is exposed to direct sunlight, this helps reduce the temperature rise of the battery 22 located near the top of the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, thereby improving the temperature consistency of the battery 22 within the battery compartment 111, thereby improving the reliability of the energy storage device 10. Furthermore, since the temperature rise of the battery 22 at the top of the battery compartment 111 is reduced, the service life of the battery 22 located near the top of the battery compartment 111 is improved, thereby improving the service life of the energy storage device 10.

[0071] As shown in FIG. 4 , in some embodiments, at least a portion of the functional compartment 112 covers the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X.

[0072] Optionally, the entire functional compartment 112 may be configured to cover the battery compartment 111 , or a portion of the functional compartment 112 may be configured to cover the battery compartment 111 .

[0073] At least part of the functional compartment 112 covers the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, so the battery compartment 111 is covered by the functional compartment 112 along the gravity direction. When sunlight directly shines on the energy storage device 10, it is beneficial to further reduce the temperature rise of the battery 22 near the top in the gravity direction X in the battery compartment 111, thereby further improving the temperature consistency of the battery 22 and the reliability of the energy storage device 10, and helping to further improve the service life of the energy storage device 10.

[0074] As shown in Figure 5, in some embodiments, the functional element includes a high-voltage connector 12, which is electrically connected to the battery 22. The functional compartment 112 includes a first electrical compartment 112a, which is located above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X. The high-voltage connector 12 is accommodated in the first electrical compartment 112a.

[0075] The high-voltage connector 12 may include components such as a connecting harness and a high-voltage busbar. The high-voltage connector 12 is electrically connected to the battery 22 to realize series and parallel connection of the battery 22, or is used to detect working information such as the current and voltage of the battery 22, obtain the working status of the battery 22, and realize the normal operation of the energy storage device 10.

[0076] The high-voltage connector 12 is provided in the first electrical compartment 112a. Optionally, only the first electrical compartment 112a may be provided in the first electrical compartment 112a, or other components may be provided in the first electrical compartment 112a, which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0077] The high-voltage connector 12 is disposed in the first electrical compartment 112a, and the first electrical compartment 112a is disposed above the battery compartment 111, so as to facilitate connection between the high-voltage connector 12 and the battery 22 in the battery compartment 111, thereby simplifying the connection line of the battery 22.

[0078] Please continue to refer to Figure 5. In some embodiments, the functional compartment includes a first electrical compartment 112a, which is located above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X. The functional component includes a main control component 13, which is electrically connected to the battery 22 and is located in the first electrical compartment 112a.

[0079] The main control element 13 is electrically connected to the battery 22. The main control element 13 can be electrically connected to the battery 22 through a wire, etc. to obtain the operating parameters of the battery 22 during operation, such as voltage, current, and temperature, and can transmit a low-voltage electrical signal to the battery cell 30 to control the battery 22 to perform operations such as power-off at an appropriate opportunity to improve the safety performance of the battery 22.

[0080] Optionally, multiple main control components 13 may be provided within the first electrical compartment 112a, with each main control component 13 controlling one battery 22. Alternatively, one main control component 13 may control multiple batteries 22 connected in series or in parallel. For example, one main control component 13 is electrically connected to one battery cluster 20, each battery cluster 20 including multiple batteries 22 connected in series or in parallel along the direction of gravity X.

[0081] The main control element 13 may also be electrically connected to the high-voltage connector 12 so as to transmit relevant voltage or current information to the main control element 13 through the high-voltage connector 12 .

[0082] By setting up the main control component 13 and setting up an electrical connection between the main control component 13 and the battery 22, the operating parameters of the battery 22 such as current, voltage and temperature can be controlled by the main control component 13, and the control signal can be fed back to the battery 22 through the main control component 13. Since the main control component 13 is arranged above the battery 22, it is beneficial to simplify the connection harness between the battery 22 and the main control component 13, thereby simplifying the connection between the battery 22 and the main control component 13.

[0083] 5 , in some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 includes a plurality of main control components 13 and a plurality of battery clusters 20 . Each battery cluster 20 includes a plurality of electrically connected batteries 22 arranged along the gravity direction X. The main control components 13 are electrically connected to the battery clusters 20 in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0084] The battery cluster 20 includes multiple batteries 22 electrically connected to each other. The multiple batteries 22 of the battery cluster 20 can be connected in series or in parallel, and the multiple batteries 22 can be arranged in a row along the gravity direction X to facilitate electrical connection between the main control component 13 and the battery cluster 20.

[0085] The main control element 13 is electrically connected to the battery clusters 20 in a one-to-one correspondence. Thus, one main control element 13 controls one battery cluster 20. When the operating parameters of one battery cluster 20 are abnormal, the corresponding main control element 13 controls the corresponding battery cluster 20 to disconnect without affecting the normal operation of other battery clusters 20.

[0086] Therefore, the main control element 13 is electrically connected to the battery clusters 20 in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the main control element 13 can control a corresponding battery cluster 20 and realize separate control of the batteries 22. In the event that some batteries 22 malfunction, only the corresponding battery cluster 20 needs to be stopped without affecting the normal operation of other battery clusters 20, which is conducive to further improving the reliability and service life of the energy storage device 10.

[0087] As shown in FIG. 5 , optionally, the functional element further includes a master control element 14 , which is electrically connected to the main control element 13 to transmit electrical signals. The master control element 14 is accommodated in the functional compartment 112 .

[0088] The master control element 14 is electrically connected to the main control element 13, and the main control element 13 can transmit the acquired electrical signal used to characterize the operating parameters of the battery 22, such as current, voltage or temperature, to the master control element 14. The master control element 14 determines whether to take corresponding operations such as powering off the battery 22 based on the electrical signal transmitted by the main control element 13, and transmits the corresponding control signal to the master control element 14, which transmits the control signal to the corresponding execution component.

[0089] The master control component 14 is accommodated in the functional compartment 112 , and the master control component 14 can be accommodated in the first electrical compartment 112 a , or the master control component 14 can be accommodated in other compartments outside the first electrical compartment 112 a of the functional compartment 112 .

[0090] By configuring the energy storage device 10 to include a master control element 14 and configuring the master control element 14 to be electrically connected to the main control element 13, on the premise of ensuring the normal operation of the battery 22 of the energy storage device 10, the risks existing in the operation of the battery 22 can be known, and corresponding measures can be taken in a timely manner to ensure the normal operation of the energy storage device 10.

[0091] As shown in Figure 5, in some embodiments, the functional compartment 112 also includes a second electrical compartment 112b, which is arranged on one side of the battery compartment 111 along the first direction Y, and the first direction Y intersects with the gravity direction X. The functional element also includes a master control element 14, which is accommodated in the second electrical compartment 112b, and the master control element 14 is used to be electrically connected to the main control element 13.

[0092] The second electrical compartment 112b is arranged on one side of the battery compartment 111 along the first direction Y, and the first direction Y intersects with the gravity direction X. Therefore, when the box body 11 of the energy storage device 10 is irradiated by the battery 22, the electrical compartment can block part of the irradiation to the side of the battery compartment 111, which is beneficial to reducing the temperature rise of the battery 22 near the side of the battery compartment 111, thereby improving the temperature consistency of the battery 22, and helping to improve the reliability and service life of the energy storage device 10.

[0093] The master control element 14 is disposed on the side of the battery compartment 111 to facilitate electrical connection between the master control element 14 and a power source or electrical device outside the energy storage device 10 .

[0094] The main control element 13 and the high-voltage connector 12 are housed together in the first electrical compartment 112a, and the master control element 14 is housed in the second electrical compartment 112b, which reduces the risk of short circuit between the main control element 13 and the master control element 14, and between the high-voltage connector 12 and the master control element 14, and helps to simplify the connection line between the main control element 13 and the battery 22.

[0095] Therefore, such a configuration is beneficial to simplifying the connection lines between the energy storage device 10 and the external power supply or electrical devices while improving the reliability and service life of the energy storage device 10, and is beneficial to simplifying the connection lines inside the energy storage device 10.

[0096] As shown in FIG6 , in some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 further includes a humidity control unit 15 , which is configured to control the humidity in the first electrical compartment 112 a .

[0097] Optionally, depending on the operating mode of the humidity control unit 15, the humidity control unit 15 can be located within the first electrical compartment 112a, or the humidity control unit 15 can be located outside the first electrical compartment 112a. Of course, the humidity control unit 15 can also be partially located within the first electrical compartment 112a and partially located outside the first electrical compartment 112a. For example, the humidity control unit 15 can be a dehumidifier.

[0098] The humidity control unit 15 is used to control the humidity within the first electrical compartment 112a to maintain the humidity within the first electrical compartment 112a within a suitable range, thereby reducing the risk of condensation forming within the first electrical compartment 112a. Furthermore, since the high-voltage connector 12 is located within the first electrical compartment 112a, this reduces the risk of condensation dripping onto the high-voltage connector 12, causing a short circuit or degradation of the insulation performance of the high-voltage connector 12. This, in turn, improves the safety of the energy storage device 10.

[0099] In some embodiments, the humidity control unit 15 is located on one side of the first electrical compartment 112a along the first direction Y, the first direction Y intersects with the gravity direction X, and the space where the humidity control unit 15 is located is connected to the functional compartment 112 located above the battery 22.

[0100] In this way, the humidity control unit 15 can be a dehumidifier. The humidity control unit 15 is arranged on one side of the first electrical compartment 112a along the first direction Y, and the space where the humidity control unit 15 is located is connected to the functional compartment 112 above the battery 22, which is conducive to the humidity control unit 15 to more conveniently extract water vapor and the like in the first electrical compartment 112a. In this way, it is convenient for the humidity control unit 15 to control the humidity of the functional compartment 112 located above the battery 22.

[0101] Continuing to refer to FIG. 6 , in some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 further includes a temperature control unit 16 , which is configured to control the temperature within the first electrical compartment 112 a .

[0102] Depending on the structural type of the temperature control unit 16, the temperature control unit 16 can be set to be located inside the first electrical compartment 112a, or outside the first electrical compartment 112a. Of course, it is also possible to set a portion of the temperature control unit 16 to be located inside the first electrical compartment 112a and the other portion to be located outside the first electrical compartment 112a.

[0103] The temperature control unit 16 is provided to control the temperature in the first electrical compartment 112a within an appropriate range. This makes it easier to control the humidity in the first electrical compartment 112a, thereby further reducing the risk of condensation water in the first electrical compartment 112a and further improving the safety performance of the energy storage device 10.

[0104] In some embodiments, the temperature control unit 16 is located on one side of the first electrical compartment 112a along the first direction Y, the first direction Y intersects with the direction of gravity, and the space where the temperature control unit 16 is located is connected to the functional compartment 112 located above the battery 22.

[0105] The temperature control unit 16 is arranged to be located on one side of the first electrical compartment 112a along the first direction Y and is connected to the functional compartment 112 above the battery 22, so as to facilitate the temperature control unit 22 to control the temperature of the functional compartment 112 above the battery 22, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the temperature control unit 22 in controlling the temperature of the first electrical compartment 112.

[0106] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, in some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 also includes an isolation member 17, which is arranged between the battery compartment 111 and the first electrical compartment 112a. The isolation member 17 has a first flow channel, and the first flow channel is used for fluid to flow through to perform heat exchange with the isolation member 17.

[0107] By setting an isolation member 17 and setting the isolation member 17 to have a first flow channel, the isolation member 17 can completely isolate the first electrical compartment 112a and the battery compartment 111, and in the process of the fluid flowing through the first flow channel, the isolation member 17 performs heat exchange with the fluid, thereby achieving simultaneous heat exchange between the isolation member 17 and the first electrical compartment 112a and the battery compartment 111, that is, the isolation member 17 simultaneously cools down or heats the battery 22 and the high-voltage connector 12 in the first electrical compartment 112a and other components, thereby facilitating the normal operation of the energy storage device 10.

[0108] Optionally, the fluid of the isolation member 17 may be provided by a related structure inside the energy storage device 10 , or provided by a related structure outside the energy storage device 10 .

[0109] Optionally, the functional compartment 112 may include a fluid supply compartment 112c, and the functional element may further include a fluid supply element 18, which is disposed within the fluid supply compartment 112c to provide fluid to the first flow channel. The fluid supply compartment 112c may be located above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, with the fluid supply unit 18 located above the battery 22; alternatively, the fluid supply compartment 112c may be located to the side of the battery compartment 111 along the first direction Y, with the fluid supply unit 18 also located to the side of the battery 22.

[0110] Please continue to refer to Figures 5 and 6. In some embodiments, the functional compartment 112 also includes a fluid supply compartment 112c, which is arranged on one side of the battery compartment 111 along the first direction Y, and the first direction Y intersects with the gravity direction X; the functional element also includes a fluid supply element 18, which is arranged in the fluid supply compartment 112c and is connected to the first flow channel to supply fluid to the first flow channel.

[0111] The fluid supply element 18 is connected to the first flow channel, so that the fluid can circulate between the first flow channel and the fluid supply element 18 to ensure that the fluid flowing into the first flow channel has a suitable temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of heat exchange between the fluid and the isolation member 17.

[0112] The fluid supply compartment 112c is arranged on one side of the battery compartment 111 along the first direction Y. Optionally, the fluid supply compartment 112c and the second electrical compartment 112b can be arranged on both sides of the battery compartment 111 along the first direction Y. In this way, the fluid supply compartment 112c and the second electrical compartment 112b are respectively used to prevent sunlight from both sides along the first direction Y from directly reaching the battery compartment 111, which is beneficial to further reduce the risk of uneven temperature of the batteries 22 in the battery compartment 111, thereby improving the reliability performance of the energy storage device 10.

[0113] As shown in FIG8 , in some embodiments, the battery 22 includes a battery module 221 and a heat exchange element 222. The battery module 221 includes a plurality of electrically connected battery cells 30. The heat exchange element 222 is disposed on a side of the battery module 221 facing away from the isolation element 17. The heat exchange element 222 has a second flow channel for a fluid to flow through to exchange heat with the battery module 221.

[0114] The battery module 221 includes a plurality of electrically connected battery cells 30 . The battery cells 30 may be connected in series or in parallel to form a battery module 221 . A plurality of battery modules 221 may be further connected in series or in parallel to form a battery cluster 20 .

[0115] The battery 22 may further include a frame structure, and the heat exchange element 222 may be accommodated in the frame structure.

[0116] The heat exchange element 222 is arranged on the side of the battery module 221 away from the isolation element 17. The heat exchange element 222 can perform heat exchange on the multiple battery cells 30 of the battery module 221 on the side of the battery module 221 away from the isolation element 17 to achieve normal operation of the battery cells 30.

[0117] For the battery module 221 with heat exchange elements 222 arranged on both sides along the gravity direction X, the battery module 221 performs heat exchange with the heat exchange elements 222 on both sides along the gravity direction X. The battery 22 arranged along the gravity direction X has a relatively uniform temperature field, which is beneficial to further improve the temperature consistency of the battery 22.

[0118] Optionally, when the fluid flows through the second flow channel of the heat exchange element 222, the heat exchange element 222 can cool the battery module 221 to reduce the risk of thermal runaway of the battery cells 30 in the battery module 221 due to excessive temperature. Alternatively, the heat exchange element 222 can heat the battery module 221 to ensure normal operation of the battery cells 30. For example, when the energy storage device 10 operates in an extremely cold environment, the heat exchange element 222 can be configured to heat the battery module 221 to reduce the risk of the battery cells 30 not being able to operate normally due to excessively low temperature.

[0119] In the case where each battery module 221 has a heat exchange element 222 on the side facing away from the isolation element 17, since the battery module 221 closest to the isolation element 17 is respectively arranged with the heat exchange element 222 and the isolation element 17 on both sides along the gravity direction X, and the other battery modules 221 are arranged with the heat exchange element 222 on both sides along the gravity direction X, heat exchange can be carried out on both sides of each battery 22 of the multiple batteries 22 arranged along the gravity direction X, which is beneficial to improving the consistency of the temperature field of the battery 22 and further improving the service life of the energy storage device 10.

[0120] Optionally, a liquid supply component outside the energy storage device 10 can supply fluid to the second flow channel of the heat exchange element 222, or a related liquid supply component inside the energy storage device 10 can supply fluid to the heat exchange element 222, which can be selected according to actual needs.

[0121] In some embodiments, the fluid supply element 18 is further in communication with the second flow channel to supply fluid to the second flow channel.

[0122] In this way, the fluid supply element 18 provides fluid to the first flow channel and the second flow channel together, which is beneficial to simplifying the structure and space utilization of the energy storage device 10.

[0123] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, in some embodiments, the battery compartment 111 includes multiple battery sub-compartments 1111, which are arranged along a first direction Y that intersects with the gravity direction X. The battery sub-compartments 1111 are used to accommodate batteries 22.

[0124] The battery compartment 111 includes multiple battery sub-compartments 1111, each of which can accommodate multiple batteries 22. For example, each battery sub-compartment 1111 accommodates a battery cluster 20, and a battery cluster 20 includes multiple batteries 22 arranged along the gravity direction X. The multiple batteries 22 of a battery cluster 20 are connected in series or in parallel.

[0125] At this time, the functional compartment 112 is arranged above the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, and the functional compartment 112 is arranged above the battery sub-compartment 1111 along the gravity direction X. For example, the first electrical compartment 112a of the functional compartment 112 is arranged to cover each battery sub-compartment 1111 along the gravity direction X to reduce the direct sunlight on the battery 22 in each battery sub-compartment 1111, so as to improve the temperature consistency of the batteries 22 in multiple battery sub-compartments 1111.

[0126] Each adjacent battery sub-compartment 1111 can be independent of each other, and the batteries 22 in each battery sub-compartment 1111 can be electrically connected to each other and then to the main control component 13. The battery clusters 20 are arranged in parallel with each other, and the main control component 13 corresponds to the battery sub-compartment 1111 one by one, that is, one main control component 13 controls the battery 22 in one battery sub-compartment 1111 to achieve separate control of the batteries 22. In the event of a short circuit in any battery 22 in a battery sub-compartment 1111, the normal operation of the batteries 22 in other battery sub-compartments 1111 will not be affected. In addition, if a battery 22 in one battery sub-compartment 1111 suffers from thermal runaway or leakage, the adverse effects on the batteries 22 in other battery sub-compartments 1111 can be reduced.

[0127] Therefore, providing the battery compartment 111 with multiple battery sub-compartments 1111 is beneficial to reducing the adverse effects on other battery sub-compartments 1111 caused by thermal runaway or short circuit of the battery 22 in any battery sub-compartment 1111, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the energy storage device 10.

[0128] The energy storage system 1 provided according to an embodiment of the present application includes the energy storage device 10 provided in any of the above embodiments.

[0129] The energy storage system 1 may also include a power grid, a charging mechanism, and electrical devices, wherein the charging mechanism connects the energy storage device 10 and the power grid to charge the energy storage device 10 at appropriate times, such as when power consumption is low or when there is sufficient electricity. The electrical devices are also electrically connected to the energy storage device 10 to provide electrical energy to the relevant electrical devices through the energy storage device 10.

[0130] The energy storage system 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application has the same technical effects as any of the energy storage devices 10 provided in any of the above embodiments, and thus will not be described in detail here.

[0131] As shown in Figures 2 to 8, in some embodiments, the energy storage device 10 provided according to the embodiments of the present application includes a box 11, a battery 22, functional elements, a humidity control unit 15, an isolation element 17 and a temperature control unit 16, the functional elements include a high-voltage connector 12, a main control element 13, a master control element 14, and a fluid supply element 18, the functional compartment 112 includes a first electrical compartment 112a, a second electrical compartment 112b and a fluid supply compartment 112c, the first electrical compartment 112a is arranged to cover the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, the second electrical compartment 112b and the fluid supply compartment 112c are respectively located on both sides of the battery compartment 111 along the first direction Y, and the first direction Y intersects with the gravity direction X. The separator 17 is disposed between the first electrical compartment 112a and the second electrical compartment 112b. The separator 17 has a first flow channel. The battery compartment 111 includes multiple battery sub-compartments 1111. The batteries 22 include a battery module 221 and a heat exchanger 222. The battery module 221 includes multiple electrically connected battery cells 30. The heat exchanger 222 has a second flow channel located on the side of the battery module 221 facing away from the separator 17. The multiple batteries 22 arranged along the gravity direction X are electrically connected to each other to form a battery cluster 20. The multiple battery clusters 20 are electrically connected to the multiple main control components 13 in a one-to-one correspondence. The battery clusters 20 are also connected to the high-voltage connector 12. The high-voltage connector 12 and the main control components 13 are disposed in the first electrical compartment 112a. The master control component 14 is disposed in the second electrical compartment 112b and is electrically connected to the main control components 13. The temperature control unit 16 and the humidity control unit 15 are respectively used to control the temperature and humidity within the first electrical compartment 112a. The fluid supply element 18 is disposed in the fluid supply chamber 112 c and is in communication with the first flow channel and the second flow channel, respectively, to supply fluid to the first flow channel and the second flow channel. The fluid performs heat exchange with the isolation member 17 and the battery 22 .

[0132] The energy storage device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is provided with a first electrical compartment 112a covering the upper portion of the battery compartment 111 along the gravity direction X, and at least part of the functional elements are provided above the battery 22. This is beneficial for reducing direct sunlight exposure to the battery 22 at the top of the battery compartment 111, thereby reducing the temperature rise of the battery 22 at the top of the battery compartment 111, which is beneficial for improving the temperature consistency of the battery 22 and improving the reliability of the energy storage device 10. Moreover, since the temperature rise of the battery 22 at the top of the battery compartment 111 is reduced, the service life of the battery 22 near the top of the battery compartment 111 is improved, thereby improving the service life of the energy storage device 10.

[0133] Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and components may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, the various technical features described in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, comprising: The box body comprises a battery compartment and a functional compartment, wherein at least a portion of the functional compartment is located above the battery compartment along the direction of gravity; A battery, housed in the battery compartment; A functional element is accommodated in the functional compartment and is at least partially located above the battery.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, wherein: The functional element includes a high-voltage connector, which is electrically connected to the battery. The functional compartment includes a first electrical compartment, which is located above the battery compartment along the direction of gravity. The high-voltage connector is accommodated in the first electrical compartment.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The functional compartment includes a first electrical compartment, which is located above the battery compartment along the gravity direction. The functional element includes a main control element, which is electrically connected to the battery and is located in the first electrical compartment.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, wherein: The energy storage device includes a plurality of the main control elements and a plurality of battery clusters, each of the battery clusters includes a plurality of batteries electrically connected to each other and arranged along the gravity direction, and the main control elements are electrically connected to the battery clusters in a one-to-one correspondence.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: The functional compartment also includes a second electrical compartment, which is arranged on one side of the battery compartment along a first direction, and the first direction intersects with the gravity direction. The functional element also includes a master control element, which is accommodated in the second electrical compartment and is used to be electrically connected to the main control element.

6. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein: The energy storage device further includes a humidity control unit, which is used to control the humidity in the first electrical compartment.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 6, wherein: The humidity control unit is located on one side of the first electrical compartment along a first direction, the first direction intersects with the gravity direction, and the space where the humidity control unit is located is connected to the functional compartment located above the battery.

8. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: The energy storage device further includes a temperature control unit, and the temperature control unit is used to control the temperature in the first electrical compartment.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, wherein: The temperature control unit is located on one side of the first electrical compartment along a first direction, the first direction intersects with the gravity direction, and the space where the temperature control unit is located is connected to the functional compartment located above the battery.

10. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein: The energy storage device also includes an isolating element, which is disposed between the battery compartment and the first electrical compartment. The isolating element has a first flow channel, and the first flow channel is used for a fluid to flow through to perform heat exchange with the isolating element.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 10, wherein: The functional compartment further comprises a fluid supply compartment, wherein the fluid supply compartment is arranged at one side of the battery compartment along a first direction, wherein the first direction intersects with the gravity direction; The functional element further includes a fluid supply element, which is disposed in the fluid supply chamber and communicated with the first flow channel to supply fluid to the first flow channel.

12. The energy storage device according to claim 11, wherein: The battery comprises: A battery module comprising a plurality of electrically connected battery cells; The heat exchange element is arranged on a side of the battery module away from the isolation element. The heat exchange element has a second flow channel. The second flow channel is used for a fluid to flow through so as to perform heat exchange with the battery module.

13. The energy storage device according to claim 12, wherein: The fluid supply element is also in communication with the second flow channel to supply fluid to the second flow channel.

14. An energy storage system, comprising the energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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