Motor in which stator discharges liquid for winding cooling, powertrain, and electric vehicle

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of motors, and provides a motor in which a stator discharges a liquid for winding cooling, a powertrain, and an electric vehicle. The motor in which the stator discharges a liquid for winding cooling comprises an axial gap, two end plates, and multiple laminations; the multiple laminations are arranged between the two end plates in the axial direction of the motor; one end plate comprises multiple liquid outlets, the multiple liquid outlets are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the motor, and the axial gap is used for communicating at least two adjacent liquid outlets; the axial gap includes an axial gap between two laminations, and at least one lamination is arranged between the two laminations in the axial direction of the motor, or includes an axial gap between one lamination and an end plate, and the end plate is arranged adjacent to one lamination in the axial direction of the motor. After a cooling working medium enters the motor, the cooling working medium can flow in the circumferential direction of the motor, thereby optimizing the heat dissipation effect of the motor.

Description

Motor, powertrain and electric vehicle with stator liquid cooling winding

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on September 26, 2023, with application number 202311273276.2 and application name "A motor, powertrain and electric vehicle with stator liquid cooling winding", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to a motor with stator liquid cooling windings, a powertrain, and an electric vehicle. Background Art

[0004] With the development of technology, the power density of motors is getting higher and higher, while the size is getting smaller and smaller. The increase in motor power density has put forward higher requirements for motor heat dissipation.

[0005] During motor operation, heat loss from the stator core is a significant source of heat. This can be achieved by oil cooling the stator through heat dissipation channels provided on the stator. However, conventional heat dissipation methods for motor stators are currently inadequate, and the cooling effect needs to be improved.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present application provides a motor, a powertrain, and an electric vehicle with a stator liquid-cooled winding. After the cooling medium enters the motor, it can flow along the circumference of the motor, thereby optimizing the heat dissipation effect of the motor.

[0008] In a first aspect, a motor with liquid-cooled stator windings is provided, which can be used in the powertrain of an electric vehicle. The motor includes a stator having an axial gap, two end plates, and a plurality of punchings. The punchings can be arranged axially between the two end plates. One end plate includes multiple liquid outlets, which are spaced apart circumferentially along the motor. The axial gap connects at least two adjacent liquid outlets, allowing cooling fluid to flow through the axial gap and be ejected through at least two circumferentially adjacent liquid outlets. The axial gap of the stator includes the axial gap between two punchings, with at least one additional punching arranged axially between the two punchings. Alternatively, the axial gap of the stator includes the axial gap between a punching and an end plate, with the end plate and a punching arranged axially adjacent to each other. In the stator of this motor, the axial gap allows cooling fluid to flow circumferentially along the stator and be delivered to at least two adjacent liquid outlets for ejection, facilitating uneven oil spraying at the stator end and improving liquid cooling and heat dissipation of the motor.

[0009] In one possible implementation, one end plate of the stator is a punching sheet. The punching sheet located at the axial end of the motor among the multiple punching sheets can be regarded as the end plate, or the end plate can be regarded as one of the punching sheets. One of the two punching sheets is arranged between the end plate and the other of the two punching sheets. Among them: a punching sheet includes a plurality of first grooves or a plurality of first through holes, and the plurality of first grooves or the plurality of first through holes are spaced apart along the circumference of the motor. The notches of the first grooves are located on the outer circumference of the punching sheet, so that the first grooves can form an outer layer flow channel for the cooling medium to flow through the stator. The first through holes can form an inner layer flow channel for the cooling medium to flow through the stator. The other punching sheet includes a plurality of second through holes, and the plurality of second through holes are spaced apart along the circumference of the motor. The other punching sheet here acts as an end plate, and the second through holes are located at the port at the axial end of the motor, i.e., the liquid outlet.

[0010] Specifically, the number of the first grooves or the number of the first through holes of one punching plate is greater than the number of the second through holes of the other punching plate.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the outer diameter of at least one other punching sheet is smaller than the outer diameters of the two punching sheets. When the at least one other punching sheet is arranged between the two punching sheets, the above-mentioned axial gap can be formed between the two punching sheets.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the outer circumferential surface of at least one additional punching plate includes a plurality of second grooves, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the motor. When the at least one additional punching plate is arranged adjacent to two punching plates along the axial direction of the motor, the second grooves can communicate with at least one first groove. Specifically, along the circumference of the motor, the notch of each second groove is larger than the notch of each first groove, allowing the second groove to communicate with at least one first groove. Along the radial direction of the motor, the depth of each second groove is greater than the depth of each first groove, allowing the second groove to accommodate more cooling medium.

[0013] Specifically, along the circumference of the motor, the size of the notch of each second groove is larger than the sum of the sizes of the notches and the intervals between two or more adjacent first grooves, and the number of first grooves in a punch is larger than the number of second grooves in each punch in at least one other punch.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the motor includes a housing for accommodating a stator core, and the inner wall of the housing includes two radial grooves and a liquid inlet. The bottom of a radial groove is connected to the liquid inlet, and after the cooling medium enters the housing from the liquid inlet, it can flow circumferentially along the radial groove. When the housing is mounted on the outer circumference of a plurality of punching sheets, the radial groove can be connected to the plurality of first grooves of the punching sheets, thereby transporting the cooling medium to each first groove to dissipate heat from the outer circumference of the punching sheets. In particular, along the axial direction of the motor, the slot length of one radial groove along the axial direction of the motor is greater than the slot length of another radial groove, and the other radial groove can be connected to the second groove of the punching sheet to form an axial gap.

[0015] Specifically, along the motor's axial direction, the slot length of another radial groove is less than or equal to the thickness of a punching sheet, thereby limiting the axial width of the axial gap. The slot length of one radial groove is greater than the thickness of one or more punching sheets to quickly deliver the cooling medium to each first groove of the punching sheet.

[0016] In one possible implementation, each of the at least one other punching sheet includes a plurality of third through holes, and the plurality of third through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the motor, wherein: along the circumference of the motor, the aperture of each third through hole is larger than the aperture of each first through hole and the aperture of each second through hole, so that the third through holes can form an axial gap between the two punching sheets.

[0017] Specifically, along the circumference of the motor, the diameter of each third through hole is larger than the sum of the diameters of two or more adjacent second through holes and the sizes of the intervals therebetween, and the number of the third through holes is smaller than the number of the second through holes.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the stator includes an end plate, which is arranged adjacent to a punching plate along the axial direction of the motor. The end plate includes two side surfaces, wherein: one side surface is away from a punching plate along the axial direction of the motor, and one side surface includes multiple liquid outlets; the other side surface is toward a punching plate along the axial direction of the motor, and the other side surface includes at least one circumferential groove, which can form the above-mentioned axial gap.

[0019] Wherein, the concave direction of each circumferential groove is away from a punching sheet along the axial direction of the motor, and each circumferential groove is used to connect at least two liquid outlets.

[0020] In one possible implementation, along the circumference of the motor, the notch size of each circumferential groove is larger than the sum of the apertures of two or more adjacent second through holes and the sizes of the intervals therebetween; or, along the circumference of the motor, two adjacent circumferential grooves in at least one circumferential groove are connected.

[0021] In a second aspect, a powertrain is provided, comprising a reducer or transmission, and the motor according to the first aspect and any implementation thereof, wherein the motor shaft is drivingly connected to an input shaft of the reducer or the transmission. Because the motor has excellent heat dissipation performance, the heat dissipation and power performance of the powertrain can be improved.

[0022] In a third aspect, an electric vehicle is provided. The electric vehicle in this application includes wheels, a transmission mechanism, and the powertrain according to the second aspect and any implementation thereof. The powertrain drives the wheels via the transmission mechanism. The electric vehicle provided in this application has excellent heat dissipation and power performance.

[0023] For the technical effects that can be achieved in the above-mentioned second and third aspects, please refer to the description of the technical effects that can be achieved by the corresponding design scheme in the above-mentioned first aspect, and this application will not repeat them here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a powertrain provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG4 a is a schematic structural diagram of a stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG4 b is an exploded view of a stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG4c is a radial schematic diagram of a partial structure of a stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG4 d is an exploded view of a partial structure of a stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG4e is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement of first and third punching sheets of a stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG4 f is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement of the second punching sheet and the third punching sheet of the stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG6 a is a schematic structural diagram of a plurality of first punchings of a stator of a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which a plurality of first punchings are arranged adjacent to each other;

[0035] FIG6 b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG7 a is a schematic structural diagram of a plurality of first punchings of a stator of a motor provided by an embodiment of the present application, in which a plurality of first punchings are arranged adjacent to each other;

[0037] FIG7 b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG9 a is an exploded view of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG9 b is an exploded view of a partial structure of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG9c is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement of first and third punching sheets of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG9 d is a schematic structural diagram of the arrangement of the second punching sheet and the third punching sheet of another motor stator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG9e is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second punching sheet and the third punching sheet of another stator of a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG10 a is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG10 b is a schematic diagram of the cooling medium flow of another motor stator provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG10c is a schematic diagram of a simulated physical structure of a cooling medium flow channel of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] FIG11a is an exploded view of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG11 b is an exploded view of a partial structure of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG12a is a schematic diagram of the structure of two third punching sheets of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG12 b is a schematic diagram of a simulated physical structure of an axial gap formed by two third punching sheets of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG13a is a schematic structural diagram of two third punching sheets and a fourth punching sheet of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG13 b is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of two third punching sheets and a fourth punching sheet of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG13c is an enlarged view of the details at C1 in FIG13b;

[0054] FIG14a is a schematic structural diagram of a second punching sheet and a fifth punching sheet of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG14 b is an enlarged view of the details at C2 in FIG14 a ;

[0056] FIG14c is a schematic structural diagram of a second punching sheet and two fifth punching sheets of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG14d is a schematic diagram of a cooling medium flow channel formed in a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG15a is a schematic structural diagram of a second punching sheet, two fourth punching sheets, and two fifth punching sheets of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG15 b is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG15c is an enlarged view of the details at C3 in FIG15b;

[0061] FIG15d is an enlarged view of the details at C4 in FIG15b;

[0062] FIG16a is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG16 b is an enlarged view of the details at C5 in FIG16 a ;

[0064] FIG16c is an enlarged view of the details at C6 in FIG16a;

[0065] FIG16d is a schematic diagram of a simulated physical structure of a cooling medium flow channel of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG17a is a schematic structural diagram of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG17 b is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG17c is an exploded view of a partial structure of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG18a is a schematic structural diagram of an end plate of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG18b is an enlarged view of the detail at D1 in FIG18a;

[0071] FIG19 is a perspective view of an end plate and a punching sheet of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG20 a is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG20 b is an enlarged view of the detail at D2 in FIG20 a ;

[0074] FIG20c is an enlarged view of the detail at D3 in FIG20a;

[0075] FIG20 d is a schematic diagram of a simulated physical structure of a cooling medium flow channel of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] FIG21 a is a schematic structural diagram of an end plate of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG21 b is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a stator of another motor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG21c is an enlarged view of the detail at D4 in FIG21b.

[0079] Reference numerals:

[0080] 1000-powertrain; 2000-transmission mechanism; 3000-wheel;

[0081] 100-motor; 200-reducer;

[0082] 10-stator; 20-stator winding; 30-rotor; 40-motor shaft; 101-liquid inlet; 102-liquid outlet; 103-stator teeth; 104-stator slots;

[0083] 1-shell; 11-first radial groove; 12-second radial groove; 13-liquid inlet pipe; 2-punch; 21-center hole; 22-punch groove; 23-second through-hole; 24-first groove; 25-second groove; 26-first through-hole; 27-third groove; 28-protrusion; 29-third through-hole; 3-end plate; 31-circumferential recess; 32-circumferential groove; 33-fourth through-hole; 34-circumferential boss; 341-first groove portion; 342-second groove portion; 35-flange; 36-bump; 2a-first punch; 2b-second punch; 2c-third punch; 2d-fourth punch; 2e-fifth punch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] With technological advancements, electric motors are moving towards smaller size and higher power. However, motor heat dissipation is currently one of the bottlenecks limiting the increase in motor power density. When the motor is operating at high speed, heat loss from the stator core is a significant heat source. This heat can typically be dissipated by cooling the stator core using cooling oil. Specifically, oil is passed through the back of the stator core and sprayed onto the end coils of the stator windings to dissipate the heat. However, current heat dissipation methods are ineffective and cannot meet the high heat dissipation requirements associated with increased motor power density.

[0085] Based on this, an embodiment of the present application provides a motor, a powertrain and an electric vehicle with a stator liquid-cooled winding. The motor includes an axial gap, and the cooling medium can flow circumferentially along the motor in the axial gap, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect, thereby improving the power performance and service life of the motor and powertrain.

[0086] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0087] The terms used in the following embodiments are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions "a", "an", "said", "above", "the", and "this" are intended to also include expressions such as "one or more", unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0088] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in yet other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0089] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electric vehicle provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application. Referring to Figure 1 , the electric vehicle provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application includes a powertrain 1000, a transmission mechanism 2000, and wheels 3000. Powertrain 1000 drives wheels 3000 via transmission mechanism 2000. Powertrain 1000 is used to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. Transmission mechanism 2000 is used to provide a transmission connection between powertrain 1000 and wheels 3000.

[0090] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a powertrain according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG2 , a motor 100 is used to drive a transmission mechanism 2000 of an electric vehicle via a reducer 200. The motor 100 includes a stator 10, a stator winding 20, a rotor 30, and a motor shaft 40. The rotor 30 is coaxially fixed to the motor shaft 40, and the motor shaft 40 is connected to the reducer 200 in a transmission manner. The stator 10 is sleeved on the outside of the rotor 30, and the stator winding 20 is wound on the stator core 10. The stator winding 20 has a portion located inside the stator 10 and a portion located outside the stator 10. The portion of the stator winding 20 located outside the stator slot protrudes from the axial side of the stator 10. When power is supplied to the stator winding 20, a magnetic field is formed in the center of the stator 10, and the rotor 30 can rotate around the axis of the motor shaft 40 in the magnetic field. The reducer 200 may also be a transmission.

[0091] The motor 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is a motor with a stator liquid cooling winding, specifically referring to that the cooling medium used to dissipate heat for the stator 10 can simultaneously spray the cooling medium to the end windings of the stator winding 20 to dissipate heat. As shown in Figure 3, the stator 10 includes at least one liquid inlet 101. Along the axial direction of the motor 100, the end of the stator 10 includes a plurality of liquid outlets 102 connected to the external space. The stator 10 has a channel for the circulation of the cooling medium, and the liquid inlet 101 is connected to the channel, and the cooling medium is injected into the channel inside the stator 10 through the liquid inlet 101. Along the axial direction of the motor 100, the liquid outlet 102 is provided at the end of the stator 10, and the liquid outlet 102 is also connected to the channel inside the stator 10. The stator 10 is generally annular, and the inner side of the stator 10 has a plurality of stator teeth 103. Along the circumference of the stator 10, stator slots 104 are formed between any two adjacent stator teeth 103, and the stator winding 20 can be wound on the stator teeth 103. When power is supplied to the stator winding 20, a magnetic field is formed in the center of the stator core 10, and the rotor 30 can rotate around the axis of the motor shaft 40 in the magnetic field. Specifically, part of the stator winding 20 is accommodated in the stator slots 104, and part of the stator winding 20 protrudes from the axial end face of the stator 10 along the axial direction of the stator 10. When the stator 10 is liquid-cooled with a cooling medium, the cooling medium can be sprayed from the liquid outlet 102 to the end winding of the stator winding 20 to achieve liquid cooling and heat dissipation of the end winding. For example, along the circumference of the motor 100, a plurality of liquid outlets 102 are arranged at intervals. The number and arrangement rules of the liquid outlets 102 can be adjusted according to actual cooling requirements and process conditions. In Figure 3, multiple liquid outlets 102 are distributed only within a certain angular range along the circumference of stator 10. When the coolant in stator 10 is ejected through the multiple liquid outlets 102, it dissipates heat to the end windings within this angular range, enabling oil injection at specific locations on the end windings.

[0092] The stator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes a structure for connecting at least two adjacent liquid outlets 102 along the circumference of the stator 10. This structure forms part of the channel for circulating the cooling medium in the stator 10. It allows the cooling medium passing through the at least two liquid outlets 102 to circumferentially circumferentially circumferentially of the stator 10, enabling the cooling medium to flow circumferentially at a predetermined desired injection angle, thereby achieving non-uniform oil injection at the ends of the stator 10 and improving the cooling effect on the end windings. There are various possible implementations of this structure for connecting at least two adjacent liquid outlets 102, which will be specifically illustrated in the following embodiments.

[0093] Figure 4a illustrates a structure of a stator 10. The stator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a shell 1 and a plurality of punching sheets 2. The plurality of punching sheets 2 are arranged along the axial direction of the stator 10 to form a stator core. The shell 1 includes a liquid inlet pipe 13, which is a hollow tube. One end of the liquid inlet pipe 13 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the shell 1, and the liquid inlet pipe 13 is connected to the channel in the shell 1 for the circulation of the cooling medium. An end of the liquid inlet pipe 13 facing away from the outer peripheral surface of the shell 1 forms a liquid inlet 101. The liquid outlet 102 is formed in the punching sheet 2 located on the axial end face of the stator 10 among the plurality of punching sheets 2. Here, the punching sheet 2 located on the circumferential end face of the stator 10 can be considered as the end plate structure of the stator 10. Each punching sheet 2 includes a center hole 21 and a plurality of punching sheet grooves 22, and the number of the punching sheet grooves 22 is multiple. The center hole 21 is located at the center of the punching sheet 2. Each punching sheet groove 22 extends radially along the punching sheet 2 and is connected to the center hole 21 to form the stator slot 104 in Figure 3. The bottom of the punching sheet groove 22 is away from the center of the punching sheet 2. Along the circumference of the punching sheet 2, multiple punching sheet grooves 22 are arranged at intervals. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the center hole 21 and each punching sheet groove 22 pass through the punching sheet 2 respectively. After the multiple punching sheets 2 are arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the stator 10, the center holes 21 of the multiple punching sheets 2 can be connected to each other to form a space for accommodating the rotor 30. The multiple punching sheet grooves 22 of the multiple punching sheets 2 can be connected to form the stator slots 104 of the stator 10. The structure between any two punching sheet grooves 22 can be superimposed to form the stator teeth 103 of the stator 10.

[0094] The multiple punching sheets 2 of the stator 10 shown in FIG4a include two punching sheets 2 and at least one additional punching sheet 2, and the at least one additional punching sheet 2 is arranged between the two punching sheets 2. For example, as shown in the exploded view of the stator 10 in FIG4b, the multiple punching sheets 2 include at least one first punching sheet 2a, at least one second punching sheet 2b and at least one third punching sheet 2c, and the at least one third punching sheet 2c is arranged between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b. For the sake of convenience, a first punching sheet 2a, a second punching sheet 2b and a third punching sheet 2c are used as an example for explanation. The end of the first punching sheet 2a facing away from the second punching sheet 2b is the axial end face of the stator 10, and the liquid outlet 102 is located on the end face of the first punching sheet 2a facing away from the second punching sheet 2b. The outer peripheral surface of the second punching sheet 2b includes a plurality of first grooves 24, and the first grooves 24 pass through the second punching sheet 2b along the axial direction of the stator 10. Along the circumference of the stator 10, the plurality of first grooves 24 are arranged at intervals. The shell 1 is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the shell 1 includes a first radial groove 11. The first radial groove 11 is formed by a groove arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1. The first radial groove 11 extends along the circumference of the shell 1. The bottom of the first radial groove 11 is connected to the liquid inlet 101 through the liquid inlet pipe 13.

[0095] Figure 4c shows the structure of the stacked multiple punching sheets 2 in Figure 4b as viewed along the radial direction of the stator 10. As shown in Figure 4c, the third punching sheet 2c is arranged between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b. The outer diameter of the third punching sheet 2c is smaller than the outer diameters of the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b, and an axial gap Q can be formed between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, at least one first punching sheet 2a is provided at each end of the second punching sheet 2b, and at least one third punching sheet 2c is provided between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b, so that an axial gap Q is formed at each end of the second punching sheet 2b.

[0096] Further combined with the exploded view of the plurality of punches 2 shown in FIG4d , the first punch 2a includes a second through hole 23, which penetrates the first punch 2a along the axial direction of the stator 10. The distance between the second through hole 23 and the center hole 21 is less than the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the first punch 2a and the center hole 21. The end opening of the second through hole 23 facing away from the second punch 2b is the above-mentioned liquid outlet 102. The outer peripheral surface of the second punch 2b includes a plurality of first grooves 24, each of which penetrates the second punch 2b along the axial direction of the stator 10, and the plurality of first grooves 24 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stator 10. The third punching plate 2c is disposed between the first punching plate 2a and the second punching plate 2b. Along the radial direction of the stator 10, the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the third punching plate 2c and the center hole 21 is smaller than the distance between the second through hole 23 and the center hole 21 in the first punching plate 2a. The distance between the outer peripheral surface of the third punching plate 2c and the center hole 21 is also smaller than the distance between the first groove 24 and the center hole 21 in the second punching plate 2b. It can be considered that along the radial direction of the stator 10, the radial dimension of the third punching plate 2c is smaller than the radial dimension of the first punching plate 2a and the second punching plate 2b, so that after the multiple punching plates 2 are arranged in the axial direction of the stator 10, an axial gap Q can be formed between the first punching plate 2a and the second punching plate 2b.

[0097] Figure 4e shows a structure in which the third punching plate 2c is stacked alongside the first punching plate 2a. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the orthographic projection of the outer circumferential surface of the third punching plate 2c on the first punching plate 2a is located between the second through-hole 23 of the first punching plate 2a and the bottom of the punching plate groove 22. Along the radial direction of the stator 10, the side of the third punching plate 2c facing away from the center hole 21 is the area where the axial gap Q is located. Therefore, the axial gap Q can communicate with the second through-hole 23 of the first punching plate 2a.

[0098] Figure 4f shows a structure in which the third punching plate 2c is stacked alongside the second punching plate 2b. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the orthographic projection of the outer circumferential surface of the third punching plate 2c on the second punching plate 2b lies between the first groove 24 of the second punching plate 2b and the bottom of the groove 22 of the punching plate. Along the radial direction of the stator 10, the side of the third punching plate 2c facing away from the center hole 21 is the area where the axial gap Q is located. Therefore, the axial gap Q can communicate with the first groove 24 of the second punching plate 2b.

[0099] The axial gap Q is in communication with at least two adjacent second through-holes 23 of the first punching sheet 2a, and is in communication with at least one first groove 24 of the second punching sheet 2b. It should be understood that in this example, along the radial direction of the stator 10, the outer circumferential surface of the third punching sheet 2c is annular, so that the axial gap Q between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b is annular, and the axial gap Q extends and is continuous along the circumferential direction of the stator 10. Therefore, the axial gap Q can be in communication with each second through-hole 23 of the first punching sheet 2a, and is in communication with each first groove 24 of the second punching sheet 2b.

[0100] Referring to Figures 4a to 4f, the cross-sectional structure of the housing 1 coaxially sleeved on the outside of the stator core formed by the plurality of punching sheets 2 can be shown in Figure 5. The inner wall of the housing 1 is sealed with the outer circumferential surface of the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b. A flow channel extending in the axial direction of the stator 10 can be formed between the inner wall of the housing 1 and the first groove 24 of the second punching sheet 2b, and the flow channel is connected to the first radial groove 11 of the housing 1. A flow channel extending in the circumferential direction of the stator 10 can be formed between the inner wall of the housing 1 and the axial gap Q between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b. The axial gap Q in the embodiment of the present application is annular. The flow channel path formed by the axial gap Q can be shown as the dotted line with an arrow in Figure 5. The arrow illustrates the flow direction of the cooling medium in the flow channel. Of course, the direction of the arrow is only for illustrative purposes. The flow channel is connected to at least two adjacent liquid outlets 102 through the second through hole 23 of the first punching sheet 2a.

[0101] In the embodiment of the present application, there can be only one first punching plate 2a. By adjusting the extension direction of the second through hole 23 and changing the flow direction of the cooling medium through the second through hole 23, the cooling medium can be directed toward the end of the stator winding 20 when ejected from the liquid outlet 102, thereby achieving liquid cooling of the end of the stator winding 20. Alternatively, there can be multiple first punching plates 2a. Multiple first punching plates 2a are stacked along the axial direction of the stator 10, and the second through holes 23 of the multiple first punching plates 2a are connected to form a channel connecting the liquid outlet 102 and the axial gap Q. By adjusting the structure and stacking method of the first punching plates 2a, the conduction direction of the channel can be changed, and thus the angle at which the cooling medium is ejected from the liquid outlet 102 can be changed.

[0102] For example, as shown in FIG6a , a plurality of first punches 2a are arranged adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the stator 10, and the plurality of punch grooves 22 of each first punch 2a can be connected along the axial direction of the stator 10. The second through-holes 23 of each first punch 2a can be connected along the axial direction of the stator 10 to form a plurality of cooling channels. In particular, along the radial direction of the stator 10, the distance between two adjacent second through-holes 23 and the center of the first punch 2a is equal, and the cooling channel formed by the plurality of second through-holes 23 is parallel to the axial direction of the stator 10.

[0103] Figure 6b illustrates a partial structure of a stator 10 having the plurality of first punchings 2a shown in Figure 6a. By way of example, a cooling medium is introduced into the liquid inlet 101, enters the first radial grooves 11 of the housing 1, and flows within the first radial grooves 11 along the circumference of the stator 10, before entering the first grooves 24 on the outer circumferential surfaces of the second punchings 2b. A portion of the cooling medium in each first groove 24 flows axially toward one of the axial gaps Q, while another portion flows in the opposite direction toward another axial gap Q. For each axial gap Q, the cooling medium flows circumferentially toward the stator 10 and is ejected through the cooling channel D formed by the plurality of second through-holes 23 of the plurality of first punchings 2a toward the corresponding liquid outlet 102. Due to the guidance of the cooling channel D, the initial direction of the cooling medium ejected from the liquid outlet 102 is substantially parallel to the axial direction of the stator 10. After ejecting from the liquid outlet 102, the cooling medium drips onto the end of the stator winding 20 due to gravity.

[0104] In other embodiments, as shown in FIG7a , a plurality of first punches 2a are arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the stator 10, and a plurality of punch grooves 22 of each first punch 2a can be connected along the axial direction of the stator 10. The second through holes 23 of each first punch 2a can be connected along the axial direction of the stator 10 to form a plurality of cooling channels D. In particular, along the radial direction of the stator 10, the distances between two adjacent second through holes 23 and the centers of the first punches 2a are not equal. With the axial direction of the stator 10 as a reference, the centers of the cooling channels formed by the two second through holes 23 are offset along the radial direction of the stator 10, thereby changing the flow direction of the cooling medium flowing through the cooling channels. After the plurality of first punches 2a are arranged according to the set rules, the plurality of second through holes 23 can be connected in sequence to form an oblique cooling channel as shown in FIG7a .

[0105] Figure 7b illustrates a partial structure of a stator 10 having the plurality of first punchings 2a shown in Figure 7a. By way of example, a cooling medium is introduced into the liquid inlet 101, enters the first radial grooves 11 of the housing 1, and flows along the circumference of the stator 10 within the first radial grooves 11 before entering the first grooves 24 on the outer circumferential surfaces of the second punchings 2b. A portion of the cooling medium in each first groove 24 flows axially toward one of the axial gaps Q in the stator 10, while another portion flows in the opposite direction toward another axial gap Q. For each axial gap Q, the cooling medium flows circumferentially toward the stator 10 and is ejected through the cooling channel D formed by the plurality of second through-holes 23 of the plurality of first punchings 2a toward the corresponding liquid outlet 102. Due to the guidance of the cooling channel D, the initial direction of the cooling medium ejected from the liquid outlet 102 is substantially parallel to the axial direction of the stator 10. After ejecting from the liquid outlet 102, the cooling medium drips onto the end of the stator winding 20 due to gravity. Here, the cooling channel D is angled with the axial direction of the stator 10. Due to the guidance of the cooling channel D, the initial direction of the coolant ejected from the liquid outlet 102 is obliquely toward the center of the stator 10, so that the coolant is ejected toward the end of the stator winding 20, achieving liquid cooling and heat dissipation at the end of the stator winding 20. It should be understood that the two adjacent second through-holes 23 used to connect and form a cooling channel D can also be offset along the circumference of the stator 10, so that the cooling channel D can be tilted along both the circumference and the axial direction of the stator 10, thereby achieving a rotating spray when the coolant is ejected from the multiple liquid outlets 102.

[0106] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG8 , the stator 10 includes a plurality of first punching sheets 2 a , with some of the first punching sheets 2 a arranged in the structure shown in FIG6 a , and others arranged in the structure shown in FIG7 a , thereby forming the cooling channel D shown in FIG8 . The flow path of the cooling medium can be described with reference to the structural examples shown in FIG6 b and FIG7 b , and will not be further described here.

[0107] With reference to the structure of the stator 10 shown in FIG4a , FIG9a illustrates another explosion structure of the stator 10. The stator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a housing 1 and a plurality of punching sheets 2. The plurality of punching sheets 2 are arranged along the axial direction of the stator 10 to form a stator core. The plurality of punching sheets 2 include a first punching sheet 2a, a second punching sheet 2b, and a third punching sheet 2c. At least one third punching sheet 2c is arranged between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b. The end of the first punching sheet 2a facing away from the second punching sheet 2b is the axial end face of the stator 10, and the liquid outlet 102 is located on the end face of the first punching sheet 2a facing away from the second punching sheet 2b. The outer peripheral surface of the second punching sheet 2b includes a plurality of first grooves 24. The first grooves 24 penetrate the second punching sheet 2b along the axial direction of the stator 10. Along the circumference of the stator 10, the plurality of first grooves 24 are arranged at intervals. The housing 1 is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the housing 1 includes at least two radial grooves, illustratively including a first radial groove 11 and a second radial groove 12. The first radial groove 11 is formed by a groove provided on the inner wall of the housing 1. The first radial groove 11 extends along the circumference of the housing 1 and is connected to the liquid inlet 101 via a liquid inlet pipe 13. Two second radial grooves 12 are provided, and the two second radial grooves 12 are respectively provided on both sides of the first radial groove 11 along the axial direction of the stator 10. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the notch length of the second radial groove 12 is shorter than the notch length of the first radial groove 11. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the notch length of the second radial groove 12 is less than or equal to the thickness of one punching sheet 2, while the notch length of the first radial groove 11 is greater than the thickness of one or more punching sheets 2.

[0108] Further combined with the exploded view of multiple punches 2 in Figure 9b, the first punch 2a includes a second through hole 23, which passes through the first punch 2a along the axial direction of the stator 10. The distance between the second through hole 23 and the center hole 21 is smaller than the distance between the outer circumference of the first punch 2a and the center hole 21. The end opening of the second through hole 23 facing away from the second punch 2b is the above-mentioned liquid outlet 102. The outer circumferential surface of the second punch 2b includes a plurality of first grooves 24, each first groove 24 passes through the second punch 2b along the axial direction of the stator 10, and the plurality of first grooves 24 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stator 10. The third punch 2c is arranged between the first punch 2a and the second punch 2b, and the outer circumferential surface of the third punch 2c includes a plurality of second grooves 25, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stator 10. The distance between the bottom of the second groove 25 and the center hole 21 of the third punch 2c is smaller than the distance between the outer circumference of the third punch 2c and the center hole 21. The second groove 25 of the third punch 2c enables an axial gap Q to be formed between the first punch 2a and the second punch 2b. When the housing 1 is assembled on the outer circumference of the plurality of punches 2, a channel for the flow of cooling medium can be formed between the second radial groove 12 and the outer circumference of the third punch 2c.

[0109] Figure 9c shows a structure where the third punching plate 2c is stacked alongside the first punching plate 2a. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the orthographic projection of the second groove 25 of the third punching plate 2c on the first punching plate 2a covers the second through-hole 23 of the first punching plate 2a. The area where the second groove 25 of the third punching plate 2c is located is the area where the axial gap Q is located. Therefore, the axial gap Q can communicate with the second through-hole 23 of the first punching plate 2a.

[0110] Figure 9d shows a structure in which the third punch 2c and the second punch 2b are arranged and stacked. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the orthographic projection of the second groove 25 of the third punch 2c on the second punch 2b covers the first groove 24 of the second punch 2b. The area where the second groove 25 of the third punch 2c is located is the area where the axial gap Q is located, so the axial gap Q can be connected to the first groove 24 of the second punch 2b. For example, along the circumference of the stator 10, the notch of each second groove 25 is larger than the notch of each first groove 24, which facilitates the cooling medium in the first groove 24 to enter the second groove 25. Along the radial direction of the stator 10, the groove depth of each second groove 25 is greater than the groove depth of each first groove 24, so that the second groove 25 can connect the first groove 24 with the second through hole 23.

[0111] For example, along the circumference of the stator 10, the size of the notch of each second groove 25 is larger than the sum of the sizes of the notches and the spacing between two or more adjacent first grooves 24, and the number of first grooves 24 in the second punching plate 2b is larger than the number of second grooves 25 in the third punching plate 2c. Figure 9e illustrates that the notch size of some second grooves 25 is larger than the sum of the sizes of the notches and the spacing between two adjacent first grooves 24, while the notch size of another second groove 25 is almost equal to the notch size of one first groove 24.

[0112] Referring to Figures 9a to 9e, the cross-sectional structure of the housing 1 coaxially sleeved on a plurality of punching sheets 2 to form the stator core can be shown in Figure 10a. The inner wall of the housing 1 is sealed with the outer circumferential surface of the first punching sheet 2a, the second punching sheet 2b, and the third punching sheet 2c. A flow channel extending along the axial direction of the stator 10 can be formed between the inner wall of the housing 1 and the first groove 24 of the second punching sheet 2b, and the flow channel is connected to the first radial groove 11 of the housing 1. A flow channel extending along the circumferential direction of the stator 10 can be formed between the second radial groove 12 of the housing 1 and the axial gap Q between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b. The flow channel path can be shown as the dotted line with an arrow in Figure 10a. The arrow illustrates the flow direction of the cooling medium in the flow channel. Of course, the direction of the arrow is only for illustrative purposes. The flow channel is connected to at least two adjacent liquid outlets 102 through the second through hole 23 of the first punching sheet 2a.

[0113] The first punch 2a in the embodiment of the present application can be one, and the extension direction of the second through hole 23 can be adjusted to change the flow direction of the cooling medium through the second through hole 23, so that the cooling medium can be directed toward the end of the stator winding 20 when it is ejected from the liquid outlet 102, thereby achieving liquid cooling of the end of the stator winding 20. Alternatively, the number of first punches 2a can be multiple, and multiple first punches 2a are stacked along the axial direction of the stator 10, and the second through holes 23 of the multiple first punches 2a are respectively connected to form a channel connecting the liquid outlet 102 and the axial gap Q. Adjusting the structure and stacking method of the first punch 2a can change the conduction direction of the channel, and further change the angle at which the cooling medium is ejected from the liquid outlet 102. The structure of the stacking of multiple first punches 2a can be shown in Figures 6a to 8, and will not be repeated here. The multiple first punches 2a in Figure 10a are exemplarily arranged in the stacking manner shown in Figure 8.

[0114] For example, as shown in Figure 10b, a cooling medium is introduced into the liquid inlet 101, enters the first radial groove 11 of the housing 1, and flows within the first radial groove 11 along the circumference of the stator 10, then enters the first groove 24 on the outer circumferential surface of the second punch 2b. A portion of the cooling medium in each first groove 24 flows axially toward one of the second radial grooves 12 in the axial direction of the stator 10, while another portion flows in the opposite direction toward the other second radial groove 12 in the axial direction of the stator 10. The cooling medium in each second radial groove 12 flows circumferentially toward the stator 10, and can enter the axial gap Q between the first punch 2a and the second punch 2b. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the axial gap Q here overlaps with the area where the second groove 25 of the third punch 2c is located. The cooling medium in the axial gap Q can flow through the cooling channel D formed by the multiple second through-holes 23 of the multiple first punches 2a and be ejected toward the corresponding liquid outlet 102. Due to the guidance of the cooling channel D, the initial direction of the coolant ejected from the liquid outlet 102 is obliquely toward the center of the stator 10, so that the coolant is ejected toward the ends of the stator winding 20, achieving liquid cooling and heat dissipation at the ends of the stator winding 20. The axial gap Q allows the coolant to flow along the circumference of the stator 10. The axial gap Q is located axially close to the ends of the stator 10, allowing the coolant within the axial gap Q to quickly reach at least two adjacent liquid outlets 102 and be ejected.

[0115] With reference to Figures 10a and 10b, Figure 10c illustrates a simulated physical structure of the channels formed in the stator 10 for cooling medium circulation. As shown in Figure 10c, channel b1 is formed by the liquid inlet pipe 13 on the housing 1 and connects the liquid inlet 101 with the circumferential channel 11. Channel b2 is formed by the circumferential channel 11 of the housing 1 and is annular in shape, connecting the liquid inlet pipe 13 with the first grooves 24 on the outer circumferential surfaces of multiple second punches 2b. Channel b3 is formed by multiple first grooves 24, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the stator 10. Channel b4 is formed by the second radial grooves 12 of the housing 1 and connects to multiple channels b3. Axial gaps Q are formed by the second grooves 25 of the two third punches 2c, and multiple axial gaps Q connect to channel b4. Channel b5 is formed by the second through-holes 23 of the first punches 2a. Each axial gap Q connects to at least two adjacent channels b5 along the circumference of the stator 10 via channel b4. In the embodiment of the present application, the axial gap Q is connected to the second radial groove 12 of the housing 1, allowing the cooling medium to circumferentially circumferentially flow through the stator 10 and be supplied to the multiple liquid outlets 102. In a specific design, the number, shape, and distribution of the liquid outlets 102 can be adjusted according to product requirements to meet the liquid cooling requirements of end windings at different angles and directions, thereby achieving the effect of spraying oil to specific parts of the stator 10.

[0116] The present application also provides a stator 10, as shown in FIG11a. The stator 10 includes a housing 1 and a plurality of punching sheets 2. The plurality of punching sheets 2 are arranged along the axial direction of the stator 10 to form a stator core. Each punching sheet 2 includes a center hole 21 and a plurality of punching sheet grooves 22. The plurality of punching sheet grooves 22 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stator 10 and communicate with the center hole 21. The plurality of punching sheets 2 include a first punching sheet 2a, a second punching sheet 2b, and at least two third punching sheets 2c. The at least two third punching sheets 2c are arranged between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b. The end of the first punching sheet 2a facing away from the second punching sheet 2b is the axial end face of the stator 10, and the liquid outlet 102 is located on the end face of the first punching sheet 2a facing away from the second punching sheet 2b. The outer circumferential surface of the second punching sheet 2b includes a plurality of first grooves 24. The first grooves 24 extend through the second punching sheet 2b along the axial direction of the stator 10. The plurality of first grooves 24 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stator 10. The shell 1 is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the shell 1 includes a first radial groove 11. The first radial groove 11 is formed by a groove arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1. The first radial groove 11 extends along the circumference of the shell 1. The bottom of the first radial groove 11 is connected to the liquid inlet 101 through the liquid inlet pipe 13.

[0117] Further referring to the exploded view of some of the multiple punching sheets 2 in FIG11b, the multiple punching sheets 2 include a first punching sheet 2a and a second punching sheet 2b, and two third punching sheets 2c, a fourth punching sheet 2d, and a fifth punching sheet 2e between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b. The two third punching sheets 2c, the fourth punching sheet 2d, and the fifth punching sheet 2e are adjacently arranged between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b. Among them, the two third punching sheets 2c are close to the first punching sheet 2a, and the fifth punching sheet 2e is close to the second punching sheet 2b. Referring to FIG11a and FIG11b together, along the axial direction of the stator 10, the first punching sheet 2a is arranged at both ends of the second punching sheet 2b, and the fifth punching sheet 2e, the fourth punching sheet 2d, and the two third punching sheets 2c are arranged between any end of the second punching sheet 2b and the first punching sheet 2a. FIG11b only shows one end of the second punching sheet 2b and the first punching sheet 2a and the other punching sheets 2 in between.

[0118] As shown in Figure 11b, the first punch 2a includes a second through-hole 23, which passes through the first punch 2a along the axial direction of the stator 10. The distance between the second through-hole 23 and the center hole 21 is less than the distance between the outer circumference of the first punch 2a and the center hole 21. The end opening of the second through-hole 23 facing away from the second punch 2b is the above-mentioned liquid outlet 102. The outer circumference of the second punch 2b includes a plurality of first grooves 24, each of which passes through the second punch 2b along the axial direction of the stator 10. The plurality of first grooves 24 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stator 10, and each first groove 24 can form at least a portion of the axial flow channel on the outer circumference of the second punch 2b. The second punch 2b also includes a plurality of first through-holes 26, which pass through the second punch 2b along the axial direction of the stator 10. The plurality of first through-holes 26 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stator 10. The first groove 24 allows a cooling medium to flow through it to dissipate heat from the outer circumference of the second punch 2b, while the first through-hole 26 allows a cooling medium to flow through it to dissipate heat from the interior of the second punch 2b. In other words, the first groove 24 and the first through-hole 26 can form two inner and outer cooling channels on the second punch 2b, radially arranged along the stator 10, thereby improving the liquid cooling and heat dissipation effect on the second punch 2b.

[0119] Here, two third punches 2c are illustrated. Each third punch 2c includes a plurality of third through-holes 29 and a plurality of first through-holes 26. Each third through-hole 29 and each first through-hole 26 respectively penetrate the third punch 2c in the axial direction of the stator 10. The plurality of third through-holes 29 are spaced apart along the circumference of the stator 10, and the plurality of first through-holes 26 are spaced apart along the circumference of the stator 10. For example, along the circumference of the stator 10, one first through-hole 26 is arranged between any two adjacent third through-holes 29. Along the circumference of the stator 10, the number of third through-holes 29 of the third punch 2c is less than the number of first through-holes 26 of the second punch 2b and the number of first through-holes 26 of the fourth punch 2d. Along the circumference of the stator 10, the aperture of the third through-hole 29 is greater than the structural dimension between any two third through-holes 29. The distance between the third through-hole 29 and the center hole 21 is less than the distance between the outer circumference of the third punch 2c and the center hole 21.

[0120] The fourth punch 2d includes a plurality of first through-holes 26, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the stator 10, and each first through-hole 26 penetrates the third punch 2c in the axial direction of the stator 10. In the radial direction of the stator 10, the outer diameter of the fifth punch 2e is smaller than the outer diameter of the fourth punch 2d and the outer diameter of the second punch 2b. The fifth punch 2e includes a plurality of first through-holes 26, a plurality of third grooves 27, and a plurality of protrusions 28. The plurality of first through-holes 26 are spaced apart along the circumference of the stator 10 and penetrate the fifth punch 2e in the axial direction of the stator 10. The plurality of third grooves 27 are spaced apart along the circumference of the stator 10, and the third grooves 27 connect the outer circumferential surface of the fifth punch 2e with the first through-holes 26.

[0121] Figure 12a shows a structure in which two third punches 2c are arranged along the axial direction of the stator 10. As shown in Figure 12a, the two third punches 2c are relatively deflected by a certain angle along the circumference of the stator 10, so that the multiple third through-holes 29 of the two third punches 2c are staggered along the circumference of the stator 10. For example, along the axial direction of the stator 10, each third through-hole 29 of one third punch 2c is connected to two adjacent third through-holes 29 of the other third punch 2c. After the third through-holes 29 of the two third punches 2c are connected, an axial gap Q can be formed between the first punch 2a and the fourth punch 2d.

[0122] With reference to Figure 12a, Figure 12b illustrates a simulated physical structure of the axial gap Q formed by two third punching sheets 2c. As shown in Figure 12b, the axial gap Q is annular and extends along the circumference of the stator 10. The first gap t1 of the axial gap Q is the space corresponding to the third through hole 29 of one of the third punching sheets 2c, and the second gap t2 is the space corresponding to the third through hole 29 of the other third punching sheet 2c. Any two connected first gaps t1 and second gaps t2 are connected along the axial direction of the stator 10, and multiple first gaps t1 and multiple second gaps t2 are alternately connected in sequence along the circumference of the stator 10 to form the axial gap Q. The axial gap Q is formed between the first punching sheet 2a and the second punching sheet 2b, specifically between the first punching sheet 2a and the fourth punching sheet 2d.

[0123] Figure 13a shows the structure of two third punching sheets 2c and a fourth punching sheet 2d arranged along the axial direction of the stator 10, Figure 13b shows the cross-sectional structure of the two third punching sheets 2c and the fourth punching sheet 2d, and Figure 13c shows an enlarged view of point C1 in Figure 13b. Referring to Figures 13a to 13c, the first through-hole 26 of the fourth punching sheet 2d is connected to the first through-hole 26 of the third punching sheet 2c, or the first through-hole 26 of the fourth punching sheet 2d is connected to the axial gap Q formed by the third through-holes 29 of the two third punching sheets 2c.

[0124] Figure 14a shows a structure in which the fifth punch 2e is arranged adjacent to the second punch 2b. As shown in Figure 14a, along the radial direction of the stator 10, the outer diameter of the fifth punch 2e is smaller than the outer diameter of the second punch 2b, and the end of the protrusion 28 of the fifth punch 2e away from the center hole 21 is substantially aligned with the outer diameter of the second punch 2b. A gap space is formed between any two circumferentially adjacent protrusions 28 of the stator 10. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the first groove 24 on the outer circumferential surface of the second punch 2b corresponds to the gap space between two circumferentially adjacent protrusions 28 of the fifth punch 2e. Furthermore, along the circumferential direction of the stator 10, the dimension between any two circumferentially adjacent protrusions 28 is greater than the sum of the dimensions of the plurality of first grooves 24 and the dimension of the spacing between any two first grooves 24. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the orthographic projection of at least two first grooves 24 in the second punch 2b on the fifth punch 2e falls between two circumferentially adjacent protrusions 28.

[0125] Referring further to the enlarged view at C2 in Figure 14a shown in Figure 14b, the fifth punch 2e and the second punch 2b are arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the stator 10. The multiple first through-holes 26 of the fifth punch 2e are connected to the multiple first through-holes 26 of the second punch 2b to form the liquid-cooling channel of the inner layer of the stator 10. The distance h1 from the outer circumferential surface of the fifth punch 2e to the center hole 21 is less than the distance h2 from the outer circumferential surface of the second punch 2b to the center hole 21. The first groove 24 of the second punch 2b is connected to the gap space between the circumferentially adjacent protrusions 28 of the fifth punch 2e. The first groove 24 of the second punch 2b is part of the liquid-cooling channel of the outer layer of the stator 10. The first groove 24 can be connected to the first through-hole 26 through the gap space between the circumferentially adjacent protrusions 28 and the third groove 27, so that the inner and outer liquid-cooling channels of the stator 10 can be connected. As shown in FIG. 14 b , the cooling medium in the first groove 24 flows into the space between two adjacent protrusions 28 along the axial direction of the stator 10 , then flows along the circumferential direction of the stator 10 , and then flows into the first through hole 26 through the third groove 27 .

[0126] It should be understood that the third groove 27 of the fifth punch 2e can be connected to the outer peripheral surface of the fifth punch 2e and the first through-hole 26 as shown in FIG14b, with the third groove 27 and the first through-hole 26 being illustrated by a dotted line. Alternatively, the third groove 27 of the fifth punch 2e and the first through-hole 26 corresponding to the radial direction of the stator 10 are an integral structure, that is, the third groove 27 of the fifth punch 2e and the first through-hole 26 of the second punch 2b are connected in the axial direction of the stator 10.

[0127] In the example of FIG14b , first through-holes 26 communicating with the third grooves 27 and first through-holes 26 not communicating with the third grooves 27 are alternately arranged along the circumference of the stator 10. That is, of any two adjacent first through-holes 26 along the circumference of the stator 10, one through-hole 26 can communicate with the first groove 24, while the other first through-hole 26 cannot communicate with the first groove 24.

[0128] Figure 14c shows the structure of the second punch 2b and two fifth punches 2e. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the two fifth punches 2e are arranged at both ends of the second punch 2b. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the multiple protrusions 28 of the two fifth punches 2e correspond to each other, and the orthographic projection of the multiple protrusions 28 of one fifth punch 2e on the other fifth punch 2e overlaps with the multiple protrusions 28 on the other fifth punch 2e. The cooling medium in the first groove 24 of the second punch 2b can flow along the axial direction of the stator 10 toward the two fifth punches 2e at both ends of the second punch 2b and enter the first through hole 26 through the third groove 27 on the fifth punch 2e.

[0129] 14b and 14c , a portion of the first through-holes 26 can communicate with the first groove 24 of the second punching plate 2b through the third groove 27, while a portion of the first through-holes 26 cannot. When arranging the second punching plate 2b and the two fifth punching plates 2e, the two fifth punching plates 2e can be rotated relative to each other by a certain angle along the circumferential direction of the stator 10, so that a portion of the first through-holes 26 of the second punching plate 2b communicates with a portion of the first groove 24 through the third groove 27 of one of the fifth punching plates 2e, and another portion of the first through-holes 26 of the second punching plate 2b communicates with another portion of the first groove 24 through the third groove 27 of the other fifth punching plate 2e.

[0130] Figure 14d simply illustrates at least two channels for cooling medium circulation formed by two fifth punches 2e being staggered along the circumference of the stator 10. Specifically, along the circumference of the stator 10, of the two adjacent first through-holes 26 of the same fifth punch 2e, one through-hole 26 is connected to the first groove 24 through the third groove 27, and the other first through-hole 26 is not connected to the first groove 24 through the third groove 27. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, one end of the same first groove 24 is connected to the first through-hole 26 through the third groove 27 of a fifth punch 2e, and the other end of the first groove 24 is not connected to the first through-hole 26 of the other fifth punch 2e, thereby forming a U-shaped circulation channel in Figure 14d. Along the circumference of the stator 10, the U-shaped circulation channels corresponding to any two adjacent first through-holes 26 are oriented in opposite directions along the axial direction of the stator 10.

[0131] FIG15 a illustrates the structure of a second punch 2b, two fifth punches 2e, and two fourth punches 2d. One fifth punch 2e and one fourth punch 2d are sequentially arranged at the end of the second punch 2b along the axial direction of the stator 10, with the fifth punch 2e arranged between the second punch 2b and the fourth punch 2d. The number of first through-holes 26 in the fourth punch 2d is less than the number of first through-holes 26 in the fifth punch 2e. When arranging, the angle of the fourth punch 2d relative to the fifth punch 2e can be adjusted so that some of the first through-holes 26 in the fourth punch 2d communicate with the first through-holes 26 in the fifth punch 2e that communicate with the third groove 27, while other first through-holes 26 in the fourth punch 2d communicate with the independent first through-holes 26 in the fifth punch 2e that are isolated from the third groove 27.

[0132] Figure 15b illustrates the cross-sectional structure of the structure shown in Figure 15a. Along the radial direction of the stator 10, taking one of the first grooves 24 and one of the first through holes 26 of the second punch 2b as an example, Figure 15c illustrates an enlarged view of the details at C3 in Figure 15b, and Figure 15d illustrates an enlarged view of the details at C4 in Figure 15b.

[0133] Referring to Figures 15b and 15c, the second punch 2b, the fifth punch 2e, and the fourth punch 2d at position C3 in Figure 15b are arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the stator 10. The fourth punch 2d and the second punch 2b are axially opposed to each other in the stator 10. A space K communicating with the first groove 24 is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the fifth punch 2e, the side of the fourth punch 2d facing the fifth punch 2e, and the side of the second punch 2b facing the fourth punch 2d. This space K is also the space between the two circumferentially adjacent protrusions 28 of the fifth punch 2e. The first through-hole 26 of the fifth punch 2e is connected to the first through-hole 26 of the second punch 2b in the axial direction of the stator 10. The third groove 27 of the fifth punch 2e connects the space K with the first through-hole 26 of the fifth punch 2e, thereby connecting the first groove 24 of the second punch 2b to the first through-hole 26 through the fifth punch 2e. The fourth punch 2d blocks the third groove 27 and first through-hole 26 of the fifth punch 2e along the axial direction of the stator 10. As shown by the arrows in Figure 15c, after the cooling medium is injected into the first groove 24, it flows along the axial direction of the stator 10 to the space K between the second punch 2b and the fourth punch 2d, and then flows circumferentially along the stator 10. The cooling medium in space K flows along the third groove 27 and first through-hole 26 of the fifth punch 2e into the first through-hole 26 of the second punch 2b, thereby connecting the first groove 24 of the second punch 2b with the first through-hole 26.

[0134] Referring to Figures 15b and 15d , the second punch 2b, the fifth punch 2e, and the fourth punch 2d at position C4 in Figure 15b are arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the stator 10. The fourth punch 2d and the second punch 2b are axially opposed to each other in the stator 10. A space K connected to the first groove 24 is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the fifth punch 2e, the side of the fourth punch 2d facing the fifth punch 2e, and the side of the second punch 2b facing the fourth punch 2d. This space K is also the space between the two circumferentially adjacent protrusions 28 of the fifth punch 2e. The first through-hole of the fourth punch 2d, the first through-hole 26 of the fifth punch 2e, and the first through-hole 26 of the second punch 2b are sequentially connected along the axial direction of the stator 10. As shown by the arrow in Figure 15d , after the coolant is injected into the first groove 24, the coolant flows along the axial direction of the stator 10 to the space K between the second punch 2b and the fourth punch 2d, and then flows circumferentially along the stator 10. The cooling medium in the first through hole 26 of the second punch 2 b flows along the axial direction of the stator 10 toward the first through hole 26 of the fifth punch 2 e and the first through hole 26 of the fourth punch 2 d and flows out.

[0135] It should be understood that the cooling medium circulation mode shown in Figure 15c is equivalent to the side of a U-shaped circulation channel in Figure 14d with a third groove 27, and the cooling medium circulation mode shown in Figure 15d is equivalent to the side of a U-shaped circulation channel in Figure 14d without the third groove 27.

[0136] Figure 16a shows the cross-sectional structure of the stator 10 provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 16a, along the axial direction of the stator 10, the fifth punch 2e, the fourth punch 2d, the two third punches 2c, and the first punch 2a are arranged adjacent to each other at both ends of the second punch 2b. The structure of each punch 2 can be seen with reference to Figures 12a to 15d. Along the radial direction of the stator 10, Figure 16b shows an enlarged view of point C5 in Figure 16a, and Figure 16c shows an enlarged view of point C6 in Figure 16a.

[0137] Referring to Figures 16a and 16b , after the coolant is injected through the liquid inlet 101, the circumferential channel 11 of the housing 1 transports the coolant to the multiple first grooves 24 on the outer circumferential surface of the second punch 2b. The coolant in the first grooves 24 flows along the axial direction of the stator 10 to the space K between the second punch 2b and the fourth punch 2d, and then flows circumferentially along the stator 10. The coolant in space K flows along the third groove 27 and first through-hole 26 of the fifth punch 2e, enters the first through-hole 26 of the second punch 2b, and flows along the axial direction of the stator 10 to the other end of the stator 10.

[0138] Referring to Figures 16a and 16c together, the cooling medium in the first through hole 26 of the second punch 2b flows out along the axial direction of the stator 10 through the first through hole 26 of the fifth punch 2e, the first through hole 26 of the fourth punch 2d, the axial gap Q formed by the third through holes 29 of the two third punches 2c, and the second through hole 23 of the first punch 2a to the liquid outlet 102. The cooling medium flowing out from the liquid outlet 102 can be sprayed onto the end windings of the stator winding 20 to cool the end windings.

[0139] With reference to Figures 16a to 16c, Figure 16d illustrates a simulated physical structure of the channel formed by the stator 10 for the circulation of the cooling medium. As shown in Figure 16d, channel c1 is formed by the liquid inlet pipe 13 on the shell 1, and is used to connect the liquid inlet 101 with the circumferential channel 11. Channel c2 is formed by the circumferential channel 11 of the shell 1, and is annular, and is used to connect the liquid inlet pipe 13 with the first grooves 24 on the outer circumferential surface of multiple second punches 2b. Channel c3 is formed by the first grooves 24, and the number of first grooves 24 is multiple, and the multiple first grooves 24 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stator 10. Channel c4 is formed by the second punch 2b, the fourth punch 2d, and the fifth punch 2e, that is, the space K between the second punch 2b and the fourth punch 2d. Each channel c4 is connected to multiple channels c3. Channel c5 is formed by the second through hole 23 of the first punch 2a. The axial gap Q is formed by the staggered third through-holes 29 of the two third punching plates 2c. This gap connects the multiple channels c5 with the multiple channels c4. In the embodiment of the present application, the axial gap Q allows the cooling medium to circumferentially flow along the stator 10, supplying it to the multiple liquid outlets 102. In specific designs, the number, shape, and distribution of the liquid outlets 102 can be adjusted based on product requirements to meet the liquid cooling requirements of end windings at different angles and directions.

[0140] Figure 17a illustrates the structure of a stator 10, which includes a shell 1, a plurality of punching sheets 2 and two end plates 3. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the plurality of punching sheets 2 are arranged between the two end plates 3, and the end plates 3 can be considered to be located at the axial ends of the plurality of punching sheets 2. Along the axial direction of the motor 100, the end plate 3 is arranged adjacent to a punching sheet 2. Along the circumferential direction of the stator 10, the end plate 3 includes two side surfaces, one of which is axially away from the punching sheet 2 of the stator 10, and the surface of the end plate 3 away from the plurality of punching sheets 2 includes a plurality of liquid outlets 102. The other side surface of the end plate 3 faces the punching sheet 2 along the axial direction of the stator 10. The end plate 3 can be considered to be a punching sheet 2 with a special structure. The shell 1 is arranged outside the plurality of punching sheets 2 along the circumferential direction of the stator 10, and the shell 1 includes a hollow cylindrical liquid inlet pipe 13, and the end of the liquid inlet pipe 13 away from the outer circumferential surface of the shell 1 forms a liquid inlet 101. The end plate 3 can be fixed to the shell 1 or to the punching sheet 2. Along the axial direction of the stator 10 , a channel is formed inside the end stator 10 , communicating with the liquid inlet 101 and the liquid outlet 102 , for the cooling medium to flow.

[0141] Figure 17b shows the structure of the stator 10 hidden behind the housing 1. The end plate 3 is annular and arranged concentrically with the multiple punchings 2 along the axial direction of the stator 10. Along the radial direction of the stator 10, the distance between the inner wall of the end plate 3 and the center hole 21 is greater than the distance between the bottom of the punching grooves 22 of the punchings 2 and the center hole 21. This ensures that the end plate 3 does not interfere with the winding process within the punching grooves 22. Along the circumference of the stator 10, the multiple liquid outlets 102 on the end plate 3 are distributed within an angular range of less than 360°. The cooling medium is discharged only through the liquid outlets 102 within this angular range.

[0142] Figure 17c shows an exploded view of the stator 10 after it is concealed within the housing 1. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the side of the end plate 3 facing the punching 2 includes a circumferential recess 31, which communicates with the outer circumferential surface of the end plate 3. When the end plate 3 and the punching 2 are arranged adjacent to each other, a space for communicating with the first groove 24 is formed between the circumferential recess 31 and the punching 2. In Figure 17c, the first groove 24 can be formed in various forms, and the circumferential width of the first groove 24 along the stator 10 is smaller than the circumferential width of the first recess 31 along the stator 10.

[0143] Figure 18a shows the structure of the end plate 3, specifically the structure of the side of the end plate 3 facing the punching sheet 2. As shown in Figure 18a, illustratively, the end plate 3 includes a fourth through-hole 33, and the fourth through-hole 33 penetrates the end plate 3 along the axial direction of the stator 10. It should be understood that when the end plate 3 is regarded as one of the punching sheets 2, the fourth through-hole 33 is equivalent to the second through-hole 23 of the punching sheet 2. The end of the fourth through-hole 33 facing away from the punching sheet 2 forms a liquid outlet 102. The side of the end plate 3 facing the punching sheet 2 also includes at least one circumferential groove 32, each circumferential groove 32 is connected to at least two adjacent fourth through-holes 33 along the circumference of the stator 10, and each circumferential groove 32 is used to connect at least two liquid outlets 102. Along the circumference of the stator 10, two adjacent circumferential grooves 32 in at least one circumferential groove 32 are connected. One end of the fourth through-hole 33 is connected to the circumferential groove 32, and the other end is used to connect to the liquid outlet 102. In the end plate 3 illustrated in FIG18a , the circumferential groove 32 is annular, and it can be considered that multiple circumferential grooves 32 are sequentially connected along the circumference of the stator 10. The circumferential recess 31 and the circumferential groove 32 are isolated from each other. Along the radial direction of the stator 10, a serpentine-shaped circumferential boss 34 is disposed between the circumferential recess 31 and the circumferential groove 32. The circumferential boss 34 isolates the circumferential recess 31 from the circumferential recess 32. A flange 35 is formed between the circumferential groove 32 and the inner edge of the end plate 3. The surface of the flange 35 facing the punching sheet 2 is flush with the surface of the circumferential boss 34 facing the punching sheet 2. When the end plate 3 contacts the punching sheet 2, the circumferential boss 34 and the flange 35 abut against the punching sheet 2.

[0144] Figure 18b shows an enlarged view of point D1 in Figure 18a. The circumferential recess 31 and the circumferential groove 32 are distributed radially along the stator 10, separated from the circumferential recess 31 and the circumferential groove 32 by a circumferential boss 34. As shown in Figure 18b, along the radial direction of the stator 10, the circumferential boss 34 comprises a first groove portion 341 and a second groove portion 342. The first groove portion 341 opens toward the circumferential recess 31, while the second groove portion 342 opens toward the circumferential groove 32. Along the axial direction of the stator 10, the orthographic projection of the fourth through-hole 33 on the circumferential boss 34 at least partially overlaps with the second groove portion 342, enabling axial communication between the second groove portion 342 and the fourth through-hole 33. In the radial direction of the stator 10 , the distance between the bottom of the first groove portion 341 and the inner wall of the end plate 3 is greater than the distance between the circumferential groove 32 and the inner wall of the end plate 3 , and is smaller than the distance between the bottom of the second groove portion 342 and the inner wall of the end plate 3 .

[0145] Figure 19 shows a partial structural perspective view of the end plate 3 and the punching sheet 2. As shown in Figure 19, the end plate 3 and the punching sheet 2 are arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the stator 10. The end plate 3 faces the side of the punching sheet 2 along the axial direction of the stator 10, and the circumferential recess 31 is connected to the first groove 24 of the punching sheet 2. The cooling medium in the first groove 24 can enter between the punching sheet 2 and the end plate 3 through the circumferential recess 31. Along the radial direction of the stator 10, the distance between the bottom of the first groove portion 341 and the center hole 21 of the punching sheet 2 is less than the distance between the side wall of the first through hole 26 away from the center hole 21 and the center hole 21. The circumferential recess 31 can be connected to part of the first through hole 26 of the punching sheet 2 through the first groove portion 341, that is, the first groove 24 of the punching sheet 2 can be connected to the first through hole 26. The first groove 24 is equivalent to the outer cooling channel of the punching sheet 2, the first through hole 26 is equivalent to the inner cooling channel of the punching sheet 2, and the circumferential recess 31 is equivalent to connecting the inner and outer cooling channels of the punching sheet 2. An axial gap Q for the coolant to flow is formed between the circumferential groove 32 and the surface of the punch 2 facing the end plate 3. The axial gap Q can connect to part of the first through-hole 26 of the punch 2 through the second groove portion 342. The axial gap Q also connects to at least two circumferentially adjacent liquid outlets 102 through the fourth through-hole 33. Along the circumference of the stator 10, the notch size of each circumferential groove 32 is greater than the sum of the apertures of two or more adjacent fourth through-holes 33 and the spacing therebetween.

[0146] Figure 20a shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the stator 10, with the housing 1 hidden. As shown in Figure 20a, along the circumference of the stator 10, two end plates 3 are arranged at either end of the plurality of punchings 2. Taking one of the first grooves 24 and one of the first through-holes 26 of the second punching 2b as an example, Figure 20b shows an enlarged view of the detail at D2 in Figure 20a, and Figure 20c shows an enlarged view of the detail at D3 in Figure 20a.

[0147] Referring to Figures 20a and 20b, the punching sheet 2 and the end plate 3 at D2 in Figure 20a are arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the stator 10. The end plate 3 faces the side of the punching sheet 2, and a space S connected to the first groove 24 is formed between the circumferential recess 31 and the punching sheet 2. The space S is connected to the first through hole 26 of the punching sheet 2 through the first groove portion 341. As shown by the arrow in Figure 20b, after the cooling medium is injected into the first groove 24, the cooling medium flows along the axial direction of the stator 10 to the space S between the second punching sheet 2b and the end cover 3, and then flows along the circumferential direction of the stator 10. The cooling medium in the space K enters the first through hole 26 of the second punching sheet 2b along the first groove portion 341, so that the first groove 24 of the second punching sheet 2b is connected to the first through hole 26.

[0148] Referring to Figures 20a and 20c , on the other side of the first through-hole 26 of the second punch 2b, the first through-hole 26 communicates with the circumferential groove 32 of the end plate 3, which in turn communicates with the fourth through-hole 33. The cooling medium in the first through-hole 26 can flow toward the end plate 3 as indicated by the arrows, and then flow through the circumferential groove 32 and the fourth through-hole 33 to the liquid outlet 102 for ejection. For example, the fourth through-hole 33 is inclined toward the axial center of the stator 10, allowing the ejected cooling medium to be sprayed toward the end windings.

[0149] In the above embodiment, along the circumference of the stator 10, the first through-holes 26 communicating with the circumferential groove 32 of the end portion 3 and the first through-holes 26 communicating with the circumferential recess 31 are arranged alternately. That is, of any two adjacent first through-holes 26 along the circumference of the stator 10, one through-hole 26 can communicate with the first groove 24, while the other first through-hole 26 cannot. When arranging the two end plates 3, the two end plates 3 can be staggered along the circumference of the stator 10 to form the flow channel example shown in Figure 14a. Along the circumference of the stator 10, the U-shaped flow channels corresponding to any two adjacent first through-holes 26 face opposite directions along the axial direction of the stator 10.

[0150] With reference to Figures 20a to 20c, Figure 20d illustrates a simulated physical structure of the channels formed in the stator 10 for cooling medium circulation. As shown in Figure 20d, channel d1 is formed by the liquid inlet pipe 13 on the housing 1, connecting the liquid inlet 101 with the circumferential channel 11. Channel d2 is formed by the circumferential channel 11 of the housing 1 and is annular, connecting the liquid inlet pipe 13 with the first grooves 24 on the outer circumferential surfaces of the multiple punchings 2. Channel d3 is formed by multiple first grooves 24, which are spaced apart along the circumference of the stator 10. Channel d4 is formed by the first recess 31 of the end plate 3, the inner wall of the housing 1, and the punchings 2, that is, the space S between the punchings 2 and the end plate 3. Channel d4 connects to the multiple channels d3. Channel d5 is formed by the first groove portion 341 of the circumferential boss 34 of the end cap 3, and channel d7 is formed by the second groove portion 342 of the circumferential boss 34 of the end cap 3. The multiple first through holes 26 of the punching sheet 2 form a part of the channel d61 and another part of the channel d62. Channel d5 connects channel d4 with some of the channels d61, and channel d7 connects channel d4 with other channels d62. The axial gap Q is formed by the circumferential groove 32 of the end plate 3 and the punching sheet 2, and the axial gap Q is used to connect multiple channels d61 with multiple channels d7. Channel d8 is formed by the fourth through hole 33 of the end plate 3, and channel d8 is used to connect the liquid outlet 102 and the axial gap Q. In the embodiment of the present application, the axial gap Q enables the cooling medium to flow along the circumference of the stator 10 to supply multiple liquid outlets 102. In the specific design, the number, shape and distribution of the liquid outlet 102 can be adjusted according to product requirements to meet the liquid cooling requirements of the end windings at different angles and directions.

[0151] In one embodiment, the end plate 3 in the stator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be implemented in other ways. As shown in Figure 21a, the side of the end plate 3 facing the punching sheet 2 further includes multiple protrusions 36. The multiple protrusions 36 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the stator 10. In the radial direction of the stator 10, each protrusion 36 is located within the area of ​​the circumferential recess 31 and is separated from the circumferential boss 34.

[0152] Figure 21b shows the structure of the stator 10 having the end portion 3 shown in Figure 21a, with the housing 1 hidden. Figure 21c shows an enlarged detail of point D4 in Figure 21b. Referring to Figures 21b and 21c together, when the end plate 3 and the punching sheet 2 are arranged along the axial direction of the stator 10, the protrusion 36 on the side of the end portion 3 facing the punching sheet 2 contacts the side of the punching sheet 2 facing the end plate 3. To connect the first groove 24 of the punching sheet 2 with the first recess 31, along the circumference of the stator 10, the gap between any protrusions 36 corresponds to the axial direction of at least one first groove 24 of the stator 10.

[0153] In summary, the stator 10 of the motor 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application does not require an oil spray ring structure, and the cooling medium can be sprayed to the end winding at the axial end of the stator 10 through the cooling channel of the stator 10 itself. By setting the axial gap Q, the cooling medium can flow along the circumference of the stator 10 and be sprayed from at least two adjacent liquid outlets 102. By placing the axial gap Q close to the axial end of the stator 10 and setting the distribution of the liquid outlets 102, non-uniform oil spraying at the end of the stator 10 can be achieved, thereby achieving efficient cooling of the end winding and obtaining a good liquid cooling and heat dissipation effect. In some embodiments, compared with traditional oil cooling and heat dissipation, the stator 10 of the motor 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application has a lower temperature and a better heat dissipation effect. The oil spray ring is omitted from the structure, which further reduces the cost of the motor 100 and achieves the effect of reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0154] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A motor with stator liquid cooling winding, characterized in that: The stator of the motor comprises an axial gap, two end plates and a plurality of punching sheets; Along the axial direction of the motor, the plurality of punching sheets are arranged between two end plates, one of the end plates comprises a plurality of liquid outlets, the plurality of liquid outlets are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the motor, and the axial gap is used to connect at least two adjacent liquid outlets; the axial gap comprises: The axial gap between the two punching sheets is along the axial direction of the motor, and at least one other punching sheet is arranged between the two punching sheets; or, An axial gap is provided between one of the punching sheets and the end plate, and the end plate is arranged adjacent to the one punching sheet along the axial direction of the motor.

2. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The one end plate is a punching sheet, and one of the two punching sheets is arranged between the end plate and the other of the two punching sheets, wherein: The one punching sheet comprises a plurality of first grooves or a plurality of first through holes, and the plurality of first grooves or the plurality of first through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the motor; The other punching sheet includes a plurality of second through holes, and the plurality of second through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the motor.

3. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that The number of the first grooves or the number of the first through holes of the one punching sheet is greater than the number of the second through holes of the other punching sheet.

4. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the at least one additional punching sheet is smaller than the outer diameters of the two punching sheets.

5. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The outer circumferential surface of the at least one other punching sheet comprises a plurality of second grooves, and the plurality of second grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the motor, wherein: Along the circumference of the motor, the notch of each of the second grooves is larger than the notch of each of the first grooves; Along the radial direction of the motor, the groove depth of each of the second grooves is greater than the groove depth of each of the first grooves.

6. The motor according to claim 5, characterized in that Along the circumference of the motor, the size of the notch of each of the second grooves is larger than the sum of the sizes of the notches of two or more adjacent first grooves and the sizes between them, and the number of the first grooves of one punching sheet is larger than the number of the second grooves of each of the at least one other punching sheet.

7. The motor according to claim 5, characterized in that The motor comprises a housing, the housing is used to accommodate the stator core, the inner wall of the housing comprises two radial grooves and the liquid inlet, the bottom of one of the radial grooves is connected to the liquid inlet, wherein: Along the axial direction of the motor, a notch length of one radial groove along the axial direction of the motor is greater than a notch length of another radial groove.

8. The motor according to claim 7, characterized in that Along the axial direction of the motor, the notch length of the another radial groove is less than or equal to the thickness of one of the punching sheets, and the notch length of the one radial groove is greater than the thickness of one or more of the punching sheets.

9. The motor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Each of the at least one other punching sheet comprises a plurality of third through holes, and the plurality of third through holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the motor, wherein: Along the circumferential direction of the motor, the aperture of each of the third through holes is larger than the aperture of each of the first through holes and the aperture of each of the second through holes.

10. The motor according to claim 9, characterized in that Along the circumference of the motor, the aperture size of each of the third through holes is larger than the sum of the aperture sizes of two or more adjacent second through holes and the sizes of the intervals therebetween, and the number of the third through holes is smaller than the number of the second through holes.

11. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The stator comprises an end plate, which is arranged adjacent to the punching sheet along the motor axis, and the end plate comprises two side surfaces, wherein: One of the side surfaces is away from the one punching sheet along the axial direction of the motor, and the one of the side surfaces includes a plurality of the liquid outlets; The other side surface faces the one punching sheet along the axial direction of the motor, and the other side surface includes at least one circumferential groove.

12. The motor according to claim 11, characterized in that The concave direction of each of the circumferential grooves is away from the one punching sheet along the axial direction of the motor, and each of the circumferential grooves is used to connect at least two of the liquid outlets.

13. The motor according to claim 11, characterized in that Along the circumference of the motor, the notch size of each circumferential groove is larger than the sum of the apertures of two or more adjacent second through holes and the sizes of the intervals therebetween; or, Along the circumference of the motor, two adjacent circumferential grooves in the at least one circumferential groove are connected.

14. A powertrain, characterized in that: It comprises a reducer or a transmission and a motor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the output shaft of the motor is drivingly connected to the input shaft of the reducer or the transmission.

15. An electric vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a wheel, a transmission mechanism and a power assembly as claimed in claim 14, wherein the power assembly drives the wheel through the transmission mechanism.

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