Pesticidal mixture to control spodoptera

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method of combating and / or controlling a pest selected from the Noctuidae family, which comprises applying to said pest, to a locus of said pest, to a plant susceptible to attack by said pest, or to a plant propagation material susceptible to attack by said pest, a pesticidal composition comprising isocycloseram as active ingredient A, and emamectin as active ingredient B.

Description

[0001]PESTICIDAL MIXTURE TO CONTROL SPODOPTERA The present invention relates to compositions of pesticidally active ingredients and to methods of using the compositions in the field of agriculture. WO2011067272 discloses that certain isoxazoline compounds have insecticidal activity. The present invention provides a method of combating and / or controlling a pest selected from the Noctuidae family, which comprises applying to said pest, to a locus of said pest, to a plant susceptible to attack by said pest, or to a plant propagation material susceptible to attack by said pest, a pesticidal composition comprising isocycloseram as active ingredient A, and emamectin as active ingredient B. It has now been found, surprisingly, that the pesticidal composition, or in other words the active ingredient mixture, according to the invention achieves a synergistic effect to treat a pest selected from the Noctuidae family, preferably selected from the Spodoptera genus such as more preferably Spodoptera frugiperda. The pesticidal composition achieves a high degree of pest control, especially for several days after application such as for exemple for at least 7 days after application, preferably for at least 10 days after application, and more preferably for at least 14 days after application. Throughout this document, the expression “composition” stands for the various mixtures or combinations of active ingredients (A) and (B), for example in a single “ready-mix” form, in a combined spray mixture composed from separate formulations of the single active ingredient components, such as a “tank-mix”, and in a combined use of the single active ingredients when applied in a sequential manner, i.e. one after the other with a reasonably short period, such as a few hours or days. The order of applying the active ingredients (A) and (B) is not essential for working the present invention. Isocycloseram is an insecticidal agrochemical with the following CAS number: 2061933-85-3, and has the following chemical formula: Isocycloseram can comprise the isomer (5S,4R) which is 4-[(5S)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro- phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-isoxazol-3-yl]-N-[(4R)-2-ethyl-3-oxo-isoxazolidin-4-yl]-2- methyl-benzamide, and optionally at least one of the isomers selected among isomer (5S,4S), isomer (5R,4R), isomer (5R,4S), and any combinations thereof. In the present invention, the isomer (5S,4S) is 4-[(5S)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-isoxazol-3- yl]-N-[(4S)-2-ethyl-3-oxo-isoxazolidin-4-yl]-2-methyl-benzamide; the isomer (5R,4R) is 4- [(5R)-5-(3,5-dichloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-isoxazol-3-yl]-N-[(4R)-2- ethyl-3-oxo-isoxazolidin-4-yl]-2-methyl-benzamide; and the isomer (5R,4S) is 4-[(5R)-5-(3,5- dichloro-4-fluoro-phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-4H-isoxazol-3-yl]-N-[(4S)-2-ethyl-3-oxo- isoxazolidin-4-yl]-2-methyl-benzamide. When isocycloseram further comprises at least one of the isomers selected among isomer (5S,4S), isomer (5R,4R), isomer (5R,4S), and any combinations thereof, isocycloseram can comprise a molar proportion of the isomer (5S,4R) greater than 50%, e.g. at least 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99%, over the total amount of the isomers (5S,4R), (5S,4S), (5R,4R) and (5R,4S). The molar proportion of the isomer (5S,4S) can be less than 50%, e.g. at most 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5% or 0.1%, over the total amount of the isomers (5S,4R), (5S,4S), (5R,4R) and (5R,4S). The molar proportion of the isomer (5R,4R) can be less than 50%, e.g. at most 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5% or 0.1%, over the total amount of the isomers (5S,4R), (5S,4S), (5R,4R) and (5R,4S). The molar proportion of the isomer (5R,4S) can be less than 50%, e.g. at most 30%, 25%, 20%, 15%, 10%, 9%, 8%, 7%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2%, 1%, 0.5% or 0.1%, over the total amount of the isomers (5S,4R), (5S,4S), (5R,4R) and (5R,4S). The active ingredient B is emamectin, preferably an emamectin salt, and more preferably a benzoate salt of emamectin, well known under the name emamectin benzoate with the following CAS number: 155569-91-8. According to the present invention, the active ingredients (A) and (B) can be present in a synergistically effective amount in the pesticidal composition. In a preferred embodiment, the weight ratio (in grams of active ingredients ) of active ingredient A to active ingredient B can range from 100:1 to 1:1, preferably from 50:1 to 1:1, preferably from 10:1 to 1:1, preferably from 5:1 to 1:1, and more preferably 4:1, 3:1, or 2:1. In a particular embodiment, the weight of the active ingredient A can be at least 3.4 times the weight of the active ingredient B, and preferably at least 3.5 times the weight of the active ingredient B. The weight of the active ingredient A can be up to 5 times the weight of the active ingredient B, and preferably up to 4.5 times the weight of the active ingredient B. For example, the weight of the active ingredient A can be around 4 times the weight of the active ingredient B. In another particular embodiment, the weight of the active ingredient A can be at least one time the weight of the active ingredient B, and preferably at least 1.5 times the weight of the active ingredient B. The weight of the active ingredient A can be up to 3.3 times the weight of the active ingredient B, preferably up to 3 times the weight of the active ingredient B, and more preferably up to 2.5 times the weight of the active ingredient B. For example, the weight of the active ingredient A can be around 2 times the weight of the active ingredient B. The active ingredient A according to the present invention can be used to prepare a suspension concentrate (SC), a flowable suspension (FS), a suspoemulsion (SE), a suspension concentrate- capsule suspension blend (ZC), water soluble granules (SG), water dispersible granules (WG), water dispersible tablets (WT), a dispersible concentrate (DC), an emulsifiable concentrate (EC), or an oil dispersion (OD). The most preferred formulation type is a suspension concentrate, a dispersible concentrate, or a suspension concentrate-capsule suspension blend. The above-mentioned formulations can be prepared in using ingredients and techniques well- known in the art, such as for example as described in the document WO2022 / 128912. For example, the pesticidal composition according to the present invention, especially for the preparation of the active ingredient A, can further comprise at least one of the components selected among a polyoxyalkylene copolymer, an acrylic graft copolymer, an oxygenated hydrocarbon, a lignin compound, a lactamide compound, and an ether type solvent, preferably at least two of said components, preferably at least three of said components, and more preferably preferably at least four of said components. In a particular embodiment to form a suspension concentrate, the pesticidal composition, especially for the preparation of the active ingredient A, can further comprise at least one of the components selected among a polyoxyalkylene copolymer, an acrylic graft copolymer, and an oxygenated hydrocarbon, preferably at least two of said components, and more preferably said three components. In a particular embodiment to form a dispersible concentrate, the pesticidal composition, especially for the preparation of the active ingredient A, can further comprise at least one of the components selected among an acrylic graft copolymer, a lignin compound, a lactamide compound, and ether type solvent, preferably at least two of said components, preferably at least three of said components, and more preferably said four components. In the present invention, the polyoxyalkylene copolymer can be obtained from at least two different alkylene oxides, such as from ethylene oxide and propylene oxide monomers. The polyoxyalkylene copolymer can be more preferably a polyoxyalkylene block copolymer of the AB, ABA, BAB, or ABABA type. More particularly, the polyoxyalkylene copolymer can be prepared by ring-opening polymerization of the corresponding cyclic ethylene oxide and propylene oxide monomers. Typically, the ring-opening polymerization is initiated by addition of water and alkali hydroxides, such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. The block structure of the copolymer is formed by first polymerizing a polymer block using one monomer, before adding a second monomer to form further polymer blocks. In a preferred embodiment, the polyoxyalkylene copolymer can be an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-ethylene oxide block copolymer (EO-PO-EO block copolymer), or in other words a poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide) block copolymer or a poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(propylene glycol)-poly(ethylene glycol) block copolymer. The polyoxyalkylene copolymer of the invention, and more particularly the EO-PO-EO block copolymer, can have a molecular weight from 1,000 to 15,000 g / mol, and more preferably from 3,000 to 7,000 g / mol. In the present invention, the expression “a molecular weight” means an average molecular weight (i.e. a molecular weight approximately of). Molecular weight of a polymer, or in other words the molar mass, can be easily determined by method well-known in the art, such as gel permeation chromatography (GPC). In a first embodiment, the EO-PO-EO block copolymer can have a polypropylene oxide molecular weight from 900 to 4,000 g / mol, and preferably from 2,000 to 4,000 g / mol. In other words, the polypropylene oxide molecular weight is the molecular weight of the poly(propylene oxide) block of the EO-PO-EO block copolymer. In a second embodiment, the EO-PO-EO block copolymer can have an ethylene oxide content from 10 to 80%, and preferably from 30 to 50%, over the total weight of the copolymer. In other words, the ethylene oxide content is the percentage of the poly(ethylene oxide) block in the EO-PO-EO block copolymer. In a third embodiment, the EO-PO-EO block copolymer can have the features of the first embodiment and the features of the second embodiment. Examples include the GENAPOL® PF series (CLARIANT), the PLURONIC® series (BASF), the SYNPERONIC® PE series (CRODA), or the TOXIMUL® series (STEPAN). The acrylic graft copolymer has typically a comb- or star-like structure, and preferably a comb- like structure. Graft copolymers are branched copolymers wherein the components forming the side chains are structurally different from the components forming the main chain. Comb-like polymers comprise of a main chain (backbone) which contains branch points from each of which a linear side chain emanates. Star-like polymers comprise of a multifunctional centre from which at least three polymer chains radiate. In a preferred embodiment, the acrylic graft copolymer can be an amphipathic copolymer. More particularly, the acrylic graft copolymer comprises at least one component A, which is solvated by an aqueous medium (hydrophilic part), and at least one other component B which is hydrophobic. Suitable acrylic graft copolymers may comprise polyethylene glycol, mono-methyl ethers of polyethylene glycol, poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), poly(acrylamide) or poly(vinyl alcohol) as hydrophilic side chain, while the hydrophobic backbone may comprise polymers and copolymers of styrene, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, lauryl methacrylate, or vinyl acetate. Such acrylic graft copolymers can for example be prepared by converting the mono-methyl ether of a polyethylene glycol to the acrylic or methacrylic ester, which is then subjected to radical polymerization with other unsaturated monomers such as styrene, ethyl acrylate, or methyl methacrylate. It is also possible to prepare such acrylic graft copolymers by reacting a hydrophobic polymer backbone, which consists chemically reactive sites such as carboxyl, hydroxy, or amine groups, with monomeric alkylene oxides, such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, to form hydrophilic side chains. More preferably, the acrylic graft copolymer is a non-ionic polymer, and more particularly with a comb-like structure. In the present invention, the acrylic graft copolymer can comprise polyethylene glycol and / or mono-ether polyethylene glycol side chains. The acrylic graft copolymer can also comprise a backbone obtained from acrylate and / or methacrylate monomers. Even more preferably, the acrylic graft copolymer can comprise a backbone obtained from acrylate and / or methacrylate monomers, and side chains comprising polyethylene glycol and / or mono-ether polyethylene glycol, giving more particularly the polymer a comb-like structure. For example, the acrylic graft copolymer of the present invention can be Atlox 4913™ supplied by CRODA, or Tersperse 2500™ supplied by HUNTSMAN. The oxygenated hydrocarbon compound can be selected among alkyl ether compounds, alkyl ester compounds, and any mixture thereof; and preferably among polyethylene glycol alkyl ether, sulfonated alkyl ester compounds, and any mixture thereof. In other words, the oxygenated hydrocarbon compound is preferably different from the polyoxyalkylene copolymer and from the acrylic graft copolymer. The polyethylene glycol alkyl ether can be obtained by reacting alcohols with ethylene oxide. Suitable alcohols are linear or branched aliphatic alcohols with a chain length from C2to C15, preferably with a chain length from C7to C11, and more preferably with a chain length of C9or C10. An example can be Rhodasurf DA / 630-E™ supplied by SOLVAY-RHODIA, The sulfonated alkyl ester compound can be a sulfosuccinate ester or a salt of a sulfosuccinate ester. An example can be Aerosol™ OT-B, supplied by SOLVAY-RHODIA. The lignin compound can have a molecular weight up to 10000 g / mol, and preferably up to 5000 g / mol. In a preferred embodiment, the lignin compound can have a molecular weight of at least 1000 g / mol. The lignin compound can be more particularly a kraft lignin and / or an unsulfonated lignin. In a preferred embodiment, the lignin compound can be an unsulfonated kraft lignin. An unsulfonated kraft lignin can be defined as a lignin separated from cellulose using the Kraft process (also known as sulfate process), namely separation using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium sulfide (Na2S). The use of this process gives rise to unsulfonated lignins, unlike those produced via an acidic sulfite process. The lactamide compound can be of formula I: CH3CH(OH)C(=O)NR1R2(I), wherein R1and R2 are each independently hydrogen; or C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl or C3-6 cycloalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted by up to three substituents independently selected from phenyl, hydroxy, C1-5 alkoxy, morpholinyl and NR3R4 where R3 and R4 are each independently C1-3 alkyl; or phenyl optionally substituted by up to three substituents independently selected from C1-3alkyl; or R1and R2together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a morpholinyl, pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl or azepanyl ring, each of which is optionally substituted by up to three substituents independently selected from C1-3 alkyl. In a preferred embodiment, R1and R2of the lactamide compound of formula I can be each independently hydrogen or C1-6alkyl, and more preferably hydrogen or C1-3alkyl such as lactic acid dimethyl amide or lactic acid diethyl amide. The ether type solvent can be selected among dialkyl ethers, dialkyl amide ethers, glycol ethers, aliphatic ethers, and cyclic ethers. For example, the ether type solvent can be methyl-5- (dimethylamino)-2-methyl-5-oxopentanoate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monophenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or dibutyl ether. In the present invention, the composition may further comprise water. The composition of the present invention may further comprise one or more formulation additives well-known in the art. In particular, the formulation additives can be selected among an anti-freeze agent, an anti-foam agent, an anti-bacterial agent (or biocide), a viscosity modifier (or thickener), a pH modifier, and any mixture thereof. In a preferred embodiment, the composition of the present invention can further comprise at least a silicone compound as anti-foam agent. Examples of silicone compounds can be polydimethylsiloxane. In a particular embodiment, the pesticidal composition of the present invention can comprise less than 8% by weight of salicylic acid, preferably less than 6% by weight of salicylic acid, preferably less than 4% by weight of salicylic acid, preferably less than 1% by weight of salicylic acid, preferably less than 0.001% by weight of salicylic acid, and more preferably 0% by weight of salicylic acid, over the total weight of the composition. In another particular embodiment, the pesticidal composition of the present invention can comprise less than 8% by weight of ortho silicic acid, preferably less than 6% by weight of ortho silicic acid preferably less than 4% by weight of ortho silicic acid, preferably less than 1% by weight of ortho silicic acid, preferably less than 0.001% by weight of ortho silicic acid, and more preferably 0% by weight of ortho silicic acid, over the total weight of the composition. Other suitable formulation additives include amongst others known to the person skilled in the art, antioxidant, emulsifying agent, colourant (or pigment), perfume, adjuvant, attractant, binder, buffer, solid support (carrier), coating agent, deodorant, emetic agent, inorganic filler, safener, organic solvent, photo-protecting agent, and any mixture thereof. In a particular embodiment when the active ingredient A is prepared to form a formulation as cited above, and more particularly a suspension concentrate or a flowable suspension, the formulation may comprise: - from 0.01% to 50.0% by weight of the active ingredient A, and preferably from 0.1% to 40.0% by weight of the active ingredient A, over the total weight of the formulation, - a polyoxyalkylene copolymer, preferably from 0.0005% to 50.0% by weight of polyoxyalkylene copolymer, and more preferably from 0.002% to 25.0% by weight of polyoxyalkylene copolymer, over the total weight of the formulation, - an acrylic graft copolymer, preferably from 0.0005% to 20.0% by weight of the acrylic graft polymer and more preferably from 0.001% to 10.0% by weight of the acrylic graft polymer, over the total weight of the formulation, - an oxygenated hydrocarbon compound, preferably from 0.0001% to 10.0% by weight of the oxygenated hydrocarbon compound, and more preferably from 0.001% to 5.0% by weight of the oxygenated hydrocarbon compound, over the total weight of the formulation, and - optionally water. In a particular embodiment when the the active ingredient A is prepared to form a formulation as cited above, such as a dispersible concentrate, the formulation may comprise: (a) from 0.01% to 70.0% by weight of the active ingredient A, and preferably from 0.1% to 50.0% by weight of the active ingredient A, over the total weight of the formulation, (b) a lignin compound, preferably from 0.01% to 30.0% by weight of the lignin compound, and preferably 0.1% to 20.0% by weight of the lignin compound, over the total weight of the formulation, (c) optionally acrylic graft copolymer, preferably from 0.01% to 30.0% by weight of the acrylic graft copolymer, and preferably from 0.1% to 20.0% by weight of the acrylic graft copolymer, over the total weight of the formulation, (d) optionally a lactamide compound, preferably from 10.0% to 90.0% by weight of the lactamide compound, and preferably from 20% to 80% by weight of the lactamide compound, over the total weight of the composition, and (e) optionally an ether type solvent, preferably from 1.0% to 70.0% by weight of the ether type solvent, and preferably from 1.0% to 60.0% by weight of the ether type solvent, over the total weight of the composition. In said particular embodiment, the isocycloseram, the polyoxyalkylene copolymer, the acrylic graft copolymer and the oxygenated hydrocarbon are the compounds described in the present description. The active ingredient B according to the present invention can be used to prepare water dispersible granules (WG), wettable powders (WP), soluble concentrate (SL), or water soluble granules (SG). The most preferred formulation type is water dispersible granules or water soluble granules. The above-mentioned formulations can be prepared in using ingredients and techniques well- known in the art, such as for example as described in the document WO2010 / 106314. The pesticidal composition according to the present invention can further comprise adjuvant classes, which may be used in accordance with the present invention include a mineral oil, a vegetable oil, an esterified vegetable oil, a methylated vegetable oil or an alkyl ester phosphate- based adjuvant. Commercially-available adjuvant products which may be tank-mixed to yield a spray fomulation with the composition of the present invention include HASTENTM (Victorian Chemical Co. Pty. Ltd. - blend of an esterified vegetable oil and non-ionic surfactants), OCHIMA® (Syngenta - alkyl ester of phosphoric acid (Emulsifiable concentrate (EC) formulation)), LEDNATM (Polaquimia - EC formulation comprising a methyl ester of soybean oil), Atplus® 463 (CRODA Europe Limited - 60% parafin oil with surfactant blend), Actirob® B (Bayer AG - rapeseed oil methyl ester (esterified vegetable oil)), Destiny® HC (Winfield Solutions LLC - methylated soybean oil), DYNE-AMIC® (HELENA - blend of (methylated) vegetable oil and organosilicone-based nonionic surfactants), and FS OptiqueTM (GROWMARK, Inc - methyl ester of canola oil). If an alkyl ester phosphate-based adjuvant is used in conjunction with the pesticidal composition according to the invention (ie, in a tank mix), the alkyl ester phosphate of the adjuvant is preferably tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, preferably in combination with ethoxylated sorbitol, hexaoleate, eg, OCHIMA® - EC, Syngenta. In a preferred embodiment according to the present invention, the pesticidal composition can be a mixture of the active ingredient A and the active ingredient B, and more particularly a mixture of: - a formulation containing the active ingredient A, such as a suspension concentrate, a flowable suspension, a suspoemulsion, a suspension concentrate-capsule suspension blend, water soluble granules, water dispersible granules, water dispersible tablets, a dispersible concentrate, emulsifiable concentrate, or an oil dispersion, and preferably a suspension concentrate, a dispersible concentrate, or a suspension concentrate-capsule suspension blend; and - a formulation containing the active ingredient B, such as water dispersible granules, wettable powders, soluble concentrate, or water soluble granules, and preferably water dispersible granules or water soluble granules; and - optionally an adjuvant, preferably an adjuvant as described above in adjuvant classes, and more preferably an alkyl ester phosphate-based adjuvant. Said mixture can be diluted with water in a tank mix. The formulation containing the active ingredient A and the formulation containing the active ingredient B can be added to a farmer’s spray tank of water or it may be applied, once mixed, directly without further dilution. In a further embodiment, the active ingredient A and the active ingredient B can respectively be applied in any desired sequence or simultaneously. In a further embodiment, the formulation containing the active ingredient A and the formulation containing the active ingredient B can respectively be applied in any desired sequence or simultaneously. The pesticidal composition of the present invention may further comprise an additional agrochemical. The additional agrochemical can be an insecticide, a fungicide, an herbicide, a synergist, a plant growth regulator, a nematicide, a plant nutrient, a plant fertilizer, and a mixture thereof. The composition of the present invention may comprise a suitable amount of one or several of the above-mentioned ingredient(s) to obtain the respective properties, when appropriate. According to the present invention, the pest is selected from the Noctuidae family (from the Lepidoptera order), and more particularly the Spodoptera genus. More preferably, the Noctuidae family can be selected from: - Autographa genus, such as for example Autographa gamma; - Chrysodeixis genus, such as for example Chrysodeixis includens; - Diatraea genus, such as for example Diatraea saccharalis; - Helicoverpa genus such as for example Helicoverpa armigera; - Spodoptera genus, such as for example Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera eridania, Spodoptera cosmioides, Spodoptera albula, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera littura; - Rachiplusia genus, such as for example Rachiplusia nu; and - Trichoplusia such as for example Trichoplusia ni. The preferred genus in the Noctuidae family is Spodoptera. In a particular embodiment, the pest can be a Spodoptera genus selected from Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera eridania, Spodoptera cosmioides, Spodoptera albula, and Spodoptera littoralis. The most preferred pest according to the present invention is Spodoptera frugiperda. Other pests can also be considered in the present invention such as for example species from other families of the Lepidoptera order, the Coleoptera order, the Diptera order, the Hemiptera order, the Thysanoptera order, the Acarida order, or the Blattodea order. The other family of the Lepidoptera order can be selected from Lyonetiidae family, such as for example Perileucoptera coffeella; and from and Gelechiidae family, such as for example Tuta absoluta. The Coleoptera order can be selected from Chrysomelidae family (such as for example Diabrotica sp., Leptinotarsa sp., Phyllotreta sp., Chaetocnema sp.), Scarabidae family (such as for example Phyllophaga sp., Cyclocephala sp., Popilia sp.), Curculionidae family (such as for example Anthonomus sp., Sphenopherus sp., Otiorhynchus sp., Hypothenemus hampei), and Nitidulidae family (such as for example Meligethes sp.). The Diptera order can be selected from Agromyzidae family such as for example Liriomyza huidobrensis. The Hemiptera order (Heteroptera suborder) can be selected from Pentatomidae family such as for example Dichelops melacanthus, Euschistus heros; from Cicadellidae family such as for example Dalbulus maidis, Peregrinus maidis. The Thysanoptera order or thrips can be selected from Thripidae family such as for example Frankliniella schultzei, Caliothrips phaseoli. The Acarida (Trombidiformes) order or mites can be from Tetranychidae family such as for example Tetranychus urticae. The Blattodea (Isoptera) order or termites can be selected from Rhinotermitidae family such as for example Heterotermes sp.. The composition according to the present invention can be used for combating and / or controlling (i.e. containing or destroying) pests of the abovementioned type which occur in particular on plants, especially on useful plants and ornamentals in agriculture, in horticulture and in forests, or on organs, such as fruits, flowers, foliage, stalks, tubers or roots, of such plants, and in some cases even plant organs which are formed at a later point in time remain protected against these pests. Said composition can also be used for combating and / or controlling (i.e. containing or destroying) pests of the abovementioned type which occur in particular in soil and / or on plant propagation material. The term "plant" as used in the present description includes seedlings, bushes and trees. Suitable target crops are, in particular, cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, maize (e.g. field corn, popcorn, corn), millet or sorghum; beet, such as sugar or fodder beet; fruit, for example pomaceous fruit, stone fruit or soft fruit, such as apples, pears, plums, peaches, almonds, cherries or berries, for example strawberries, raspberries or blackberries; leguminous crops, such as beans, lentils, peas or soya (soya beans); oil crops, such as oilseed rape, mustard, poppies, olives, sunflowers, coconut, castor, cocoa or ground nuts; cucurbits, such as pumpkins, cucumbers, melons, watermelons or squashes; fibre plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; citrus fruit, such as oranges, lemons, grapefruit or tangerines; vegetables, such as spinach, lettuce, asparagus, cabbages, broccolis, cauliflowers, carrots, onions, tomatoes, potatoes, eggplants, peppers or bell peppers; Lauraceae, such as avocado, Cinnamonium or camphor; and also tobacco, nuts, coffee, sugarcane, tea, grapevines, hops, the plantain family and latex plant. In a preferred embodiment, the plant can be selected from: - cereals, such as wheat, barley, rye, oats, rice, maize (e.g. field corn, popcorn, corn), millet or sorghum; and more preferably rice, maize (e.g. field corn, popcorn, corn), millet or sorghum; - leguminous crops, such as beans, lentils, peas or soya (soya beans); and more preferably soya (soya beans); - fibre plants, such as cotton, flax, hemp or jute; and more preferably cotton; and - sugarcane. In a further preferred embodiment, transgenic plants and plant cultivars obtained by genetic engineering methods, if appropriate in combination with conventional methods (Genetically Modified Organisms), and parts thereof, can be treated by the pesticidal composition of the invention. Particularly preferably, plants of the plant cultivars which are in each case commercially available or in use are treated according to the invention. Plant cultivars are understood as meaning plants having novel properties ("traits") which have been obtained by conventional breeding, by mutagenesis or by recombinant DNA techniques. These can be cultivars, bio- or genotypes. The genetic modified crops can be described in the following website https: / / www.isaaa.org / gmapprovaldatabase, incorporated by reference therein. For example, when considering maize, the genetic modified crops can be selected from: Event Name and Code Trade Name Maize - Zea mays L. : 172 Events Code: DP-ØØ4114-3 x MON-89Ø34-3 x MON-87411-9 x DAS- 4Ø278-9 Name: Agrisure® Viptera™ 3110 Code: Agrisure® Viptera™ 3100 Code: Name: MON863 YieldGard™ Rootworm RW, Name: MON87427 x MON89034 x TC1507 x MON87411 x SmartStax™ Pro x Enlist™ Name: MON89034 x TC1507 x MON88017 x 59122 Genuity® SmartStax™ Name: VCO-01981-5 not available Code: VCO-Ø1981-5 For example, when considering soybean, the genetic modified crops can be selected from: Event Name and Code Trade Name Soybean - Glycine max L. : 47 Events For example, when considering cotton, the genetic modified crops can be selected from: Event Name and Code Trade Name Cotton - Gossypium hirsutum L. : 71 Events Code: DAS-21Ø23-5 x DAS-24236-5 x MON-Ø1445-2 Cotton Name: Widestrike™ Roundup Ready Flex™ Code: DAS-21Ø23-5 x DAS-24236-5 x MON-88913-8 Cotton In the present invention, the term “locus” as used herein means fields in or on which plants are growing, or where seeds of cultivated plants are sown, or where seed will be placed into the soil. It includes soil, seeds, and seedlings, as well as established vegetation. In the present invention, the term "plant propagation material" is understood to denote all the generative parts of the plant, such as seeds, which can be used for the multiplication of the latter including vegetative plant material such as cuttings. There may be mentioned, as plant propagation material, seeds (in the strict sense), roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, parts of plants. The plant propagation material can be treated with the composition of the invention before the material is sown or planted. Alternatively, the plant propagation material may be treated with the composition of the invention during sowing or planting. Additionally, the composition of the invention may be applied to the previously treated propagation material before or during its planting. The composition of the invention may be applied during the sowing of the seed. The composition may also be used to plant propagation material derived from plants grown in a green house and / or during transplantation. More preferably the plant propagation material is plant seeds. The seed treatment can occur to an unsown seed, and the term "unsown seed" is meant to include seed at any period between the harvest of the seed and the sowing of the seed in the ground for the purpose of germination and growth of the plant. Treatment to an unsown seed is not meant to include those practices in which the composition is applied to the soil but would include any application practice that would target the seed during the sowing / planting process. The treated plant propagation material of the present invention can be treated in the same manner as conventional plant propagation material. The treated propagation material can be stored, handled, sown and tilled in the same manner as any other pesticide treated material. In a particular embodiment, the pesticidal composition according to the present invention can be applied to the pest, to a locus of the pest, or to a plant susceptible to attack by the pest, in spraying the pesticidal composition, for example dispensed from a spray container for foliar application. Said method can involve an effective amount of the pesticidal composition applied at a rate of: - from 1 g to 100 g of the active ingredient A per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 60 g of the active ingredient A per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 50 g of the active ingredient A per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 40 g of the active ingredient A per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 30 g of the active ingredient A per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 20 g of the active ingredient A per hectare, and more preferably 5 g, 10 g, 20 g, 30g, 40 g, 50 g, or 60 g of the active ingredient A per hectare; and - from 1 g to 50 g of the active ingredient B per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 20 g of the active ingredient B per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 10 g of the active ingredient B per hectare, and more preferably 2.5 g, 5 g, 10 g, or 15 g of the active ingredient B per hectare. More particularly for foliar application, the weight rate of the active ingredient A is superior to the the weight rate of the active ingredient B, preferably at least 2 times higher than the weight rate of the active ingredient B. The above-mentioned effective amount of the pesticidal composition (comprising active ingredients A and B) can be also applied against the other pests as described in the present invention, and more preferably against Dichelops melacanthus and / or Euschistus heros. In another object, the pesticidal composition as defined in the present invention can be used to combat and / or control the pests from the Noctuidae family, preferably selected from the Spodoptera genus such as more preferably Spodoptera frugiperda. The pesticidal composition according to the present invention achieves a high degree of pest control, especially for several days, such as for example for at least 7 days after application, preferably at least 10 days after application, and more preferably at least 14 days after application. Examples The following non-limiting examples demonstrate the improved behaviour associated with a method according to the present invention. A synergistic effect exists whenever the action of an active ingredient combination is greater than the sum of the actions of the individual components. The action to be expected E for a given active ingredient combination obeys the so-called COLBY formula and can be calculated as follows (COLBY, S.R. "Calculating synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combination", Weeds, Vol.15, pages 20-22; 1967): ppm = milligrams of active ingredient (= a.i.) per liter of spray mixture X = % action by active ingredient (A) using p ppm of active ingredient Y = % action by active ingredient (B) using q ppm of active ingredient. According to COLBY, the expected (additive) action of active ingredients (A)+(B) using p+q ppm of active ingredient is X ^ Y E=X+Y - 100 If the action actually observed (O) is greater than the expected action (E), then the action of the combination is super-additive, i.e. there is a synergistic effect. In mathematical terms, synergism corresponds to a positive value for the difference of (O-E). In the case of purely complementary addition of activities (expected activity), said difference (O-E) is zero. A negative value of said difference (O-E) signals a loss of activity compared to the expected activity. The products used in the following examples are detailed below: - Isocycloseram: an SC400 formulation (suspension concentrate with 400 g of active ingredient per liter) comprising isocycloseram as active ingredient, this formulation is commercialized by SYNGENTA under the name SPONTA SC400; and - Emamectin: a WG05 formulation (water dispersible granules with 50 g of active ingredient per kilogram) comprising emamectin benzoate as active ingredient, this formulation is commercialized by SYNGENTA under the name PROCLAIM UV 05 WG. Description of the experiments Example 1 (Spodoptera sp.) Each of the product SPONTA SC400 (Ex.1), the product PROCLAIM UV 05 WG (Ex.2), and the pescitical composition (Ex.3) comprising the product SPONTA SC400 and the product PROCLAIM UV 05 WG is diluted with the addition of water of 150 liter per hectare, together with the addition of 188 gram active ingredient per hectare of an adjuvant. Said adjuvant, which is optional, is an alkyl ester phosphate-based adjuvant commercialized by Syngenta under the name OCHIMA (comprising 752 grams per liter of tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate as active ingredient). The dose rate used for VIRANTRA SC400 and PROCLAIM UV 05 WG are expressed in gram of active ingredients per hectare and gathered in the below table 1. Treatments were applied on corn plants in the field on plot area of 42 m2 (length 7 m x width 6 m) with 50 plants per plot (row spacing of 50 cm and spacing within row 33.3 cm). In trial was used a boom sprayer horizontal with pressure of 1.7 bar, nozzle model BD 02110 M017, with ground speed of 1.6 kilometer per hour (kph). Four replicates per treatment were done. Seven, ten and fourteen days after application, larvae mortality was assessed. The results are gathered in the below table 1. Ex. Active ingredient(s) 7DAA 10DAA 14DAA (gram per hectare) (% mortality) (% mortality) (% mortality) Ex.1 Isocycloseram (10 g AI / ha) 41.6 23.3 24.0 Ex.2 Emamectin (5 g AI / ha) 25.0 10.3 17.0 Ex.3 Isocycloseram (10 g AI / ha) + 59.7 58.4 49.0 Emamectin (5 g AI / ha) Expected efficacy 56.2 31.3 36.9 Table 1 The tested active ingredients according to the invention, which are based on isocycloseram mixed with emamectin surpsingly guarantee a high degree of pest control against Spodoptera genus, and especially against Spodoptera frugiperda.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. A method of combating and / or controlling a pest selected from the Spodoptera genus, which comprises applying to said pest, to a locus of said pest, to a plant susceptible to attack by said pest, or to a plant propagation material susceptible to attack by said pest, a pesticidal composition comprising isocycloseram as active ingredient A, and emamectin as active ingredient B.

2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pest is Spodoptera frugiperda.

3. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the active ingredient B is emamectin benzoate.

4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the weight ratio of active ingredient A to active ingredient B can range from 100:1 to 1:1, preferably from 50:1 to 1:1, preferably from 10:1 to 1:1, an more preferably from 5:1 to 1:

1.

5. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an effective amount of the pesticidal composition applied at a rate of from 1 g to 100 g of the active ingredient A per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 60 g of the active ingredient A per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 50 g of the active ingredient A per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 40 g of the active ingredient A per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 30 g of the active ingredient A per hectare, and more preferably from 1 g to 20 g of the active ingredient A per hectare.

6. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an effective amount of the pesticidal composition applied at a rate of from 1 g to 50 g of the active ingredient B per hectare, preferably from 1 g to 20 g of the active ingredient B per hectare, and more preferably from 1 g to 10 g of the active ingredient B per hectare.

7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the active ingredient A is used to prepare a suspension concentrate, a flowable suspension, a suspoemulsion, a suspension concentrate-capsule suspension blend, water soluble granules, water dispersible granules, water dispersible tablets, a dispersible concentrate, emulsifiable concentrate, or an oil dispersion.

8. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the active ingredient B is used to prepare water dispersible granules, wettable powders, soluble concentrate, or water soluble granules.

9. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pesticidal composition further comprises at least one of the components selected among a polyoxyalkylene copolymer, an acrylic graft copolymer, an oxygenated hydrocarbon, a lignin compound, a lactamide compound, and an ether type solvent 10. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pesticidal composition comprises less than 8% by weight of ortho silicic acid, preferably less than 6% by weight of ortho silicic acid, preferably less than 4% by weight of ortho silicic acid, preferably less than 1% by weight of ortho silicic acid, preferably less than 0.001% by weight of ortho silicic acid, and more preferably 0% by weight of ortho silicic acid, over the total weight of the composition.

11. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the active ingredients A and B are applied in mixing a formulation containing the active ingredient A and a formulation containing the active ingredient B.

12. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method is applied in spraying the pesticidal composition.

13. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plant is selected from cereals, leguminous crops, fiber plants, and sugarcane.

14. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plant is maize.

15. Use of the pesticidal composition as defined in any one of claims 1 to 14, to combat and / or control the pests from the Spodoptera genus .

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