Efficient catalyst x3o4 for catalyzing water decomposition under mild acid-base condition at 37°c to generate hydrogen and oxygen

Abstract

At present, catalysts for water synthesis and decomposition reactions on the basis of hydrogen and oxygen are mainly metal oxides of the same valence state, single metals, or several composite single metals. Related patents of an X3O4 compound consisting of a compound with two valence states are not available. Although nanostructuring can partially improve the catalytic activity, the problem of stability is caused, and the catalytic activity is still low. Moreover, the high cost and severe scarcity of noble metals dramatically limit the application. The major problem is that the reaction conditions require a high energy condition, and a reaction environment that is prone to destroy a medium in a catalyst reactor, making the cycle life prone to be shortened. Seeking a low-cost, efficient, and stable catalyst is an important solution to current energy supply. In the new invention, through a novel synthesis technology, crystal defects of an X3O4 product in the current technical field are greatly reduced and repaired, so that an original amorphous structure and crystal structure of the product show another functional activity that under the condition of very low energy provided from the outside, electron gain and electron loss reactions between hydrogen and oxygen in water can be accelerated, resulting in a new important function of the X3O4under a low reaction condition, electron gain and loss between hydrogen and oxygen in water are strongly catalyzed, and a compound that strongly catalyzes the synthesis of carbon-oxygen bonds (comprising covalent states) and catalyzes the synthesis of carbon-hydrogen bonds is achieved. Existing X3O4 compounds have no catalytic activity at room temperature, and the water decomposition activity is not increased even high electric energy, chemical energy, and light energy. The element X in X3O4 comprise elements known before the patent is valid that can simultaneously form stable divalent and trivalent cation, such as iron, cobalt, nickel, and manganese. For example, for FeFe2O4, assuming that a crystal has 90 single molecules, there are 90 divalent Fe and 180 trivalent Fe in a 1:2 ratio. At present, the products are seriously disordered, not in a ratio of 90 / 180, and possibly 81 / 189, and there is much more trivalent Fe in some cases. The local electron motion of the molecule is disordered and changed, thereby seriously affecting the performance of the product. The patent product is strictly controlled, and thus the performance is greatly improved. Modern technologies comprising crystal structure detection and amorphous substance detection means cannot distinguish existing products from our product except for the catalytic performance under the current technical capabilities.

Description

A highly efficient catalyst X3O4 for catalytic water decomposition to produce hydrogen and oxygen at 37°C under mild acid-base conditions Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a catalyst, in particular to a high-efficiency catalyst X3O4 which can catalyze water decomposition to produce hydrogen and oxygen under mild acid-base conditions at 37°C.

[0002] 1×X2-valent 2×X3-valent O4 compounds possess excellent semiconductor potential. Our products retain this excellent semiconductor structural potential, fully preserving the number of electrons in both the electron and hole regions, resulting in an order of magnitude increase in catalytic activity. X is an element in the periodic table that can have a stable divalent or trivalent state, such as iron. The catalytic activity of amorphous low-temperature synthesized products is far greater than that of crystalline products. Background Art

[0003] Currently, catalysts for the hydrogen-oxygen synthesis and decomposition reactions of water are primarily metal oxides of the same valence, either single metals or composites of several single metals. No patents exist for X3O4 compounds with two valence states. Nanomaterialization can partially improve catalytic activity, but this also presents stability issues, and catalytic activity remains low. Similarly, the cost and severe scarcity of precious metals significantly limit their application. The most significant issue is the high energy requirements of the reaction and the medium's tendency to damage the catalyst reactor, leading to a significant reduction in cycle life. The search for low-cost, efficient, and stable catalysts is a crucial solution to addressing today's energy needs.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The new invention uses a new synthesis technology to significantly reduce and repair the crystal defects of X3O4 products in the current technical field, allowing the original amorphous structure and crystal structure of the product to exhibit another functional activity. By applying very low energy from the outside, the electron gain and loss reactions of water hydrogen and oxygen can be accelerated, thus inventing a new and very important function of X3O4. Under low reaction conditions, it can strongly catalyze the movement of electron gain and loss of water hydrogen and oxygen, and has strong catalytic properties for the synthesis of carbon-oxygen bonds (including covalent states), catalyzing the synthesis of carbon-hydrogen bonds.

[0006] Existing X3O4 compounds have no catalytic activity at room temperature, and even high levels of electrical, chemical, or light energy do not increase water splitting activity. The X element in X3O4 includes elements known before the patent's effectiveness to simultaneously form stable divalent and trivalent cations, such as iron, cobalt, nickel, and manganese.

[0007] For example, consider FeFe2O4. Assuming a crystal consists of 90 single molecules, with 90 divalent Fe and 180 trivalent Fe, the divalent / trivalent ratio should be 1:2. However, current products exhibit a severe imbalance, with the ratio likely being 81:189, rather than 90 / 180, due to a localized excess of trivalent Fe. This disrupts and alters the local electronic motion within the molecule, severely impacting product performance. Our patented product strictly controls this phenomenon, significantly improving performance. Using current technology, including crystal structure testing and amorphous material detection, our current product is indistinguishable from ours except for its catalytic properties.

[0008] The technical core of this patent application is:

[0009] 1×X2-valent 2×X3-valent O4 compounds possess excellent semiconductor potential. Our products retain this excellent semiconductor structural potential, fully preserving the number of electrons in both the electron and hole regions, resulting in an order of magnitude increase in catalytic activity. X is an element in the periodic table that can have a stable divalent or trivalent state, such as iron. The catalytic activity of amorphous low-temperature synthesized products is far greater than that of crystalline products.

[0010] Patented X3O4 catalyzes water decomposition at room temperature at around 37°C, producing hydrogen and oxygen within five months. Weak sunlight, energy, or low current or voltage significantly accelerate the reaction. The reaction solution has a wide pH range of 5.5 to 8, ensuring a long service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The following describes several preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings to make its technical content clearer and easier to understand. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms of embodiments, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments mentioned herein.

[0012] Patented X3O4 catalyzes water decomposition at room temperature at around 37°C, producing hydrogen and oxygen within five months. Weak sunlight, energy, or low current or voltage significantly accelerate the reaction. The reaction solution has a wide pH range of 5.5 to 8, ensuring a long service life.

[0013] Specific implementation methods include:

[0014] (1) X3O4 catalyzes the decomposition of H2O to produce H2+O2, and catalyzes H2+O2 to synthesize H2O. The above two reactions produce low-cost electricity, hydrogen and oxygen. (Can be used in related industries: electric vehicles, industrial power manufacturing, etc.)

[0015] (2) The inventor's patent rights include the right to use the high catalytic properties of the X3O4 compound when it is used as a basic material to improve other stability or other properties by adding a small amount of elements. However, the patent rights do not include the right to improve or change the properties after the addition of other elements. The rights also do not include the patent rights to create new compounds by changing the main structure of X3O4.

[0016] (3) Catalysis of hydrogenation or dehydrogenation in organic chemical synthesis. Application of oxygen-carbon bond synthesis in related chemical synthesis.

[0017] (4) X element: includes the same element in the periodic table that has both a divalent and a trivalent stable state.

[0018] The above describes in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make numerous modifications and variations based on the concepts of the present invention without inventive effort. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be derived by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning, or limited experimentation based on the concepts of the present invention and the prior art should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims

1. X3O4 catalyzes the decomposition of H2O to produce H2+O2, and catalyzes H2+O2 to synthesize H2O. The above two reactions produce low-cost electricity, hydrogen and oxygen. (Can be used in related industries: electric vehicles, industrial electricity manufacturing, etc.) 2. The inventor's X3O4 compound has high catalytic performance, and is used as a basic performance material to improve other stability or other properties by adding a small amount of elements, but does not include the rights to improve and change the performance after adding other elements. The rights also do not include the patent rights of new compounds created by changing the main structure of X3O4.

3. Catalysis of hydrogenation or dehydrogenation in organic chemical synthesis. Application of oxygen-carbon bond synthesis in related chemical synthesis. 4.X element; includes the same element in the periodic table that has both divalent and trivalent stable states.