Fall detection and prevention system and method

Abstract

A fall detection and prevention system and method. The system includes one or more sensors (204), strategically positioned to cover an optimal monitored area, for monitoring individuals within an indoor environment in real time,and gathering sensor data essential for personnel fall detection; one or more processors (206), responsible for real-time processing of sensor data,implementation of fall detection and prevention algorithms to analyze patterns associated with falls, and generating necessary responses; and a communication module, configured to trigger the necessary responses in response to detected falls. The comprehensive system and method combine technological innovation and user-friendly features for effective fall detection and prevention, ensuring a safer environment, for high-risk patients, senior citizens and during periods of rehabilitation.

Description

FALL DETECTION AND PREVENTION SYSTEM AND METHODTechnical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to monitoring systems and more particularly to system and method for fall detection and prevention using a Ceiling fan or other indoor Electronic devices.Background Art

[0002] Falls, especially among vulnerable populations like the elderly or those with health conditions, can result in severe injuries.

[0003] Traditional fall detection systems, often reliant on uncomfortable wearable devices, face challenges ranging from user non-compliance to limitations in monitoring bed-stricken individuals.

[0004] Additionally, camera-based fall detection systems, despite their potential, present hurdles such as privacy concerns, and impracticality in intimate areas like bedrooms, bathrooms and toilets.

[0005] Following are the challenges with existing technologies:

[0006] a) Wearable Device Limitations: Traditional fall detection systems relying on wearable devices may be uncomfortable, forgotten, or not used at all by bed-stricken individuals, leaving a critical monitoring gap.

[0007] b) Privacy Concerns with Camera-Based Systems: Camera-based fall detection systems using computer vision face challenges related to privacy concerns. Moreover, the installation of visual fall detection sensors in private areas, such as bedrooms, bathrooms, and toilets, remains impractical. There is a growing concern for public privacy invasion resulting from CCTV systems, and there is a need for alternative sensor technologies that do not invade privacy concerns.

[0008] c) Monitoring Bed-Stricken Patients: At hospitals, rehabilitation centers, chronic illness wards, and at residents, there is a distinct need to monitor bed-stricken patients, whether they are restricted from getting out of bed alone or allowed limited movement within their room.

[0009] d) Fall Detection in Intimate Spaces: Bathrooms, shower rooms, and toilets are critical areas where falls commonly occur, and traditional camera-based sensors are not practical.

[0010] e) Alert Systems for Caregivers and remote patient monitoring systems (RPM): The invention addresses the necessity for timely alerts to nearby caregivers or remote patient monitoring systems, especially in scenarios like home hospitalization, intensive care wards, geriatric wards, hospitals, or rehabilitation centers.

[0011] f) Public Area Monitoring in Senior Citizen Homes: Beyond individual monitoring, there is a need to monitor public areas in senior citizen homes to ensure the safety of all elderly residents, including those without wearable fall detection devices, without compromising the privacy of the residents.

[0012] Falls, especially among the elderly or individuals with certain health conditions, can result in serious injuries. Traditional fall detection systems often rely on wearable devices, which may be uncomfortable, not worn, forgotten in a drawer or not used at all for bed-stricken individuals. Technical Problem

[0013] These overarching problems in prior art underscore the need for innovative solutions that address these limitations, ensuring a more reliable and user-friendly approach to fall detection of a human being.

[0014] The objects of the present invention aim to provide a system and method for fall detection and prevention to individuals within indoor environments at homes, hospitals, rehabilitation centers, geriatric homes, etc., specifically utilizing an indoor appliance or a self-contained device and radar technology. By capitalizing on the strategic overhead location of high mounted applicances of self-contained devices, with excellent radar look-down coverage, the system aims to overcome the limitations of existing fall detection solutions. The background of the invention is rooted in addressing safety concerns for individuals at risk of falls, particularly in and around beds and intimate areas such as bathrooms, toilets, and bedrooms.Technical Solution

[0015] To obtain the above objectives, a fall detection and prevention system provided by the present invention, comprises:

[0016] one or more radar sensors, strategically positioned to cover an optimal monitored area, for monitoring individuals within an indoor environment in real time, and gathering radar data essential for personnel fall detection and prevention;

[0017] one or more processors, responsible for real-time processing of radar data, implementation of fall detection and prevention algorithms to analyze patterns associated with falls, and generating necessary responses; and

[0018] a communication module, configured to trigger the necessary responses in response to detected falls or a fall prevention event;

[0019] wherein the one or more radar sensors communicate radar data to the one or more processors.

[0020] In some embodiments, the system is incorporated into or placed nearby an indoor appliance within the indoor environment.

[0021] The one or more radar sensors monitor events including:

[0022] when a person is getting out of bed or standing in bed; or

[0023] in an unfortunate event of a person falling; or

[0024] if a bed-stricken person leaves the bed area.

[0025] The one or more processors implement the fall detection and prevention algorithms to determine potential fall-related states of a bed-stricken or physically limited person including:

[0026] getting out of bed, or

[0027] climbing over a side rail, or

[0028] standing, or

[0029] walking, or

[0030] crossing of virtual boundary,

[0031] accordingly, the one or more processors generate the necessary responses including alerts or interventions or notifications.

[0032] In some embodiments, the system is integrated into the indoor electronic appliance; the one or more radar sensors are integrated into the indoor appliance by means of one of following forms that:

[0033] The one or more radar sensors are an intrinsic component of an electronic design of the indoor electronic appliance, and are an integral and built-in part of the electronic design; or

[0034] The one or more radar sensors are an independent unit that is adjacent and connected to the indoor appliance.

[0035] In some embodiments, the system further comprises a control unit set in the indoor appliance, the one or more processors are directly integrated into the control unit of the indoor appliance and / or is integrated into a printed circuitry; the one or more processors communicate with the control unit of the indoor appliance; the control unit of the indoor appliance serves as a central interface for communication with the one or more radar sensors, and allows for the gathering of radar data; and the control unit of the indoor appliance controls the indoor appliance as per instructions by the one or more processors.

[0036] In some embodiments, the indoor appliance includes one or more of lighting fixtures, lighting bulbs, mirrors or air conditioning units with full functionality.

[0037] In some embodiments, the system is integrated into a standalone radar device with full functionality.

[0038] In some embodiments, a radome is provided to encase the radar module, is adapted to designs and configurations of the indoor appliance and is seamlessly integrated into the indoor appliance 's design; the radome is transparent to radar signals, allowing radar waves to pass through without distortion or interference.

[0039] In some embodiments, the one or more radar sensors include a radar on chip (ROC); the one or more processors include an artificial intelligence (AI) processor; the AI processor processes the radar data to classify and understand behavior and state of individuals and identify potential and actual fall detections using AI algorithms.

[0040] In some embodiments, the system is connected to a cloud service and / or a local edge device through a wired connection or a wireless network to offer flexibility in data management; the system interacts with a mobile device application to allow users to monitor the system's data, and / or receive alerts or notifications, and / or make adjustments to settings through a mobile device.

[0041] In some embodiments, the system further comprises an event recording unit for recording events and data generated by the system; the system further comprises an onboard antenna to enhance the system's communication capabilities.

[0042] In some embodiments, the one or more radar sensors include a dual radar system for enhanced reliability, enabling cross-verification of fall events between radar sensors to reduce the likelihood of false alarms.

[0043] In some embodiments, the communication module employs wireless communication protocols, ensuring seamless integration with smartphones or monitoring devices.

[0044] In some embodiments, the system further comprises a power supply unit that supplies power to the one or more radar sensors, the one or more processors, and the communication module, incorporating energy-efficient components to optimize power consumption.

[0045] In some embodiments, the one or more processors implement the fall detection and prevention algorithms with adjustable sensitivity levels and thresholds, providing flexibility to fine-tune parameters and minimize occurrence of false alarms; the one or more processors implement the fall detection and prevention algorithms, taking into account factors including sudden changes in a center of gravity height and irregular motion patterns including an individual climbing over a side railing, or standing up in bed; the one or more processors process the radar data for various applications, including assessing levels of safety and potential fall and implementing responsive measures.

[0046] In some embodiments, the one or more processors collaborate with the communication module to trigger alerts seamlessly; the system is configured with an alert system, the one or more processor control the communication module to activate the alert system in an event of a fall detection, a potential of a fall detection or an exiting of a virtual fence, sending notifications promptly to designated recipients.

[0047] In some embodiments, the system further comprises a user interface for easy configuration, parameter adjustments, monitoring of fall detection events, and receiving alerts or notifications; the one or more processors are connected to the user interface through the communication module.

[0048] In some embodiments, the user interface includes visual feedback elements; the user interface is set on the indoor appliance; the interface connects to a central monitoring system for staff alert and response procedure activation.

[0049] A method for fall detection and prevention, comprises following steps of:

[0050] continuously monitoring individuals within an indoor environment in real time and acquiring radar data essential for personnel fall detection essential for personnel fall detection from one or more strategically positioned sensors;

[0051] processing the radar data in real-time;

[0052] implementing a fall detection algorithm with adjustable sensitivity levels and thresholds to analyze patterns associated with falls;

[0053] determining a potential fall event based on the processed data;

[0054] triggering an alert system within a communication module upon detecting and optionally confirming a fall; and

[0055] sending notifications promptly to designated recipients including caregivers or emergency services.

[0056] In some embodiments, the method is performed using the fall detection and prevention system as described above.

[0057] In some embodiments, the method further comprises a step of:       post-fall monitoring, wherein the system continuously observes the individual's well-being following a fall event, providing ongoing surveillance and additional notifications if required, thereby ensuring sustained safety and care.

[0058] The proposed invention seeks to provide a non-intrusive, reliable, and privacy-conscious alternative. In practical terms, the ceiling fan is equipped with strategically placed radar sensors that continuously emit and analyze signals within their range. These sensors form the backbone of a sophisticated fall prevention and detection algorithms embedded in the system's microcontroller or processing unit. The algorithms process radar data in real-time, identifying patterns indicative of potential falls and actual fall occurrences. Careful calibration of sensitivity levels and thresholds ensures the system can distinguish between routine movements and genuine fall events.

[0059] Upon detecting a potential fall, like an individual lying in bed and climbing over the side rail or even standing up in bed, the ceiling fan, serving as an integral part of the fall prevention mechanism, responds in real-time and sends an alert accordingly.

[0060] A communication module may be integrated for notifications, sending alerts to designated smartphones or a central monitoring system. A user interface allows for easy configuration, parameter adjustments, and monitoring of fall detection events. The power management system is optimized for efficiency, ensuring long-term reliability while minimizing energy consumption.

[0061] The proposed invention of radar module and interfaces includes the integration to other similar indoor electronic devices, including lighting fixtures, lighting bulbs, mirrors and air conditioning units.

[0062] The proposed invention of radar module and interfaces includes a standalone radar device with full functionality.

[0063] The summary of the invention does not necessarily disclose all the features essential for defining the invention. The invention may reside in a sub-combination of the disclosed features. The various combinations and sub-combination are fully described in the detailed description.Description of Drawings

[0064] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.

[0065] The diagrams are for illustration only, which thus is not a limitation of the present disclosure, and wherein:

[0066] FIG. 1 illustrates a ceiling fan having a radar-based sensor for fall detection, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0067] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of a ceiling fan having a radar-based sensor for fall detection, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0068] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a fall detection and prevention system, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0069] FIG. 4 illustrates an example for virtual boundary alert, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0070] FIG. 5 illustrates a system architecture for monitoring and fall detection, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0071] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart for monitoring and fall detection, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. Mode for Invention

[0072] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such detail as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0073] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details.

[0074] Various terms as used herein are shown below. To the extent a term used, it should be given the broadest definition persons in the pertinent art have given that term as reflected in printed publications and issued patents at the time of filing.

[0075] The system may be integrated into other similar indoor electronic devices, including lighting fixtures, lighting bulbs, mirrors and air conditioning units with full functionality. The system may be integrated into a standalone radar device with full functionality. The radar module or Radar on-chip on any of the indoor electronic appliance will provide the similar functionality. This provide the invention compatibility with the existing electronic or electrical appliances.

[0076] Further, by integrating radar technology into the existing infrastructure of ceiling fans, this inventive solution aims to enhance the safety and well-being of individuals at risk of falls. The system addresses the shortcomings of prior art, offering a comprehensive, user-friendly, and privacy-conscious approach to fall detection within the comfort of home, hospital and like care-center environments. Thorough testing and adherence to safety standards are paramount, ensuring the efficacy and ethical implementation of this groundbreaking invention. The innovation can detect critical events, such as:

[0077] a) When a person is getting out of bed or standing in bed, which can be essential for fall prevention.

[0078] b) In the unfortunate event of a person falling, the system can promptly detect this and alert caregivers or medical staff.

[0079] c) If a person leaves the bed area, the system can generate alerts to ensure the safety of vulnerable individuals, such as the chronically ill, the demented or seniors.

[0080] An Artificial Intelligence (AI) based processing assists the system in processing the radar data and determining the fall and other patterns.

[0081] A predictive module assisted by the AI engine can also predict the possibility of a fall event by continuously monitoring one or more persons.

[0082] FIG. 1 illustrates a fall detection and prevention system 100 comprises a ceiling fan having radar-based sensor for fall detection, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0083] In this system, a person 101 within a room is subject to continuous monitoring through the use of a radar module installed within a ceiling fan 102. The ceiling fan control unit 103 serves as the central interface for communication with the radar module. This communication allows for the gathering of comprehensive data related to the person's presence, posture and movement. The collected data is then processed and can be utilized for various applications, including assessing levels of safety and potential fall and implementing responsive measures. The integration of the radar module within the ceiling fan ensures an unobtrusive and efficient method for monitoring individuals and improving their safety and well-being.

[0084] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram 200 of the components of a ceiling fan having radar sensor for fall detection or prevention system, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0085] The Ceiling fan 202 and components are powered by the Power Supply Unit 212. The power supply unit ensures a stable and continuous power source for the radar sensors, microcontroller, and communication module. It may incorporate energy-efficient modes of operation to optimize power consumption, enhancing the system's sustainability and reliability.

[0086] Radar Sensors 204: Multiple radar sensors are strategically positioned inside or adjacent to the ceiling fan 202 to ensure comprehensive coverage of the monitored area. These sensors continuously emit and analyze signals, detecting movements and capturing data essential for fall detection.

[0087] Processor 206: The core processing unit controls and coordinates the operation of the radar sensors and the fall detection algorithm. It acts as the brain of the system, facilitating real-time data processing and decision-making.

[0088] Fall Detection Algorithm 208: The microcontroller processes radar data in real-time, implementing a sophisticated fall detection algorithm. This algorithm analyzes patterns associated with falls, taking into account factors such as sudden changes in center of gravity height and irregular motion patterns like an individual climbing over the side railing, or standing up in bed. The system features adjustable sensitivity levels and thresholds, providing flexibility to fine-tune parameters and minimize the occurrence of false alarms. The data processing unit also collaborates with the communication module to trigger alerts seamlessly.

[0089] Alert System 210: In the event of a fall detection, the potential of a fall detection or the exiting of a virtual fence, a communication module activates an alert system. It sends notifications promptly to designated recipients, such as caregivers, family members, or emergency services, ensuring a swift response to potential danger or emergency. The communication module may facilitates a user interface that allows individuals to configure system settings, monitor fall events, and receive alerts. This interface may include visual feedback elements such as LED indicators or display panels on the ceiling fan, enhancing user interaction and awareness. The interface may also connect to a central monitoring system for staff alert and response procedure activation.

[0090] Further, the system integrates wireless communication protocols such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or other relevant standards. This enables seamless communication between the ceiling fan system and external devices, including smartphones or central monitoring units. The use of wireless protocols ensures efficient integration, data exchange, and compatibility with a variety of monitoring devices.

[0091] In the context of fall detection, especially for couples sharing a bed or elderly individuals, the radar system, whether single or multiple, plays a pivotal role in enhancing safety and reliability. In addition to an embodiment with a single radar, when employing a dual radar system, designed specifically for fall detection, the technology distinguishes between the movements with exceptional precision. This personalized monitoring capability is paramount for assessing the health and well-being of each person independently, ensuring a comprehensive approach to fall prevention.

[0092] The dual radar system operates synergistically to cross-verify detected fall events, significantly reducing the likelihood of false alarms. For instance, if one radar detects a fall event, the other radar can independently confirm the occurrence, leading to a more reliable and accurate alert. This collaborative verification mechanism is particularly crucial in scenarios involving couples or elderly individuals, where an added layer of safety is essential. Moreover, each radar unit within the system can focus on a specific area or individual, allowing for detailed tracking and analysis. This targeted approach enhances the system's capacity for personalized fall detection, ensuring that unique movement patterns are accurately captured and assessed.

[0093] The utilization of multiple radars not only provides granularity in monitoring but also introduces redundancy, reinforcing the overall reliability of the fall detection system. Beyond radar technology, the invention allows for the integration of various other sensors and technologies dedicated to fall detection. These additional sensors, equipped with advanced processing and communication capabilities, contribute to comprehensive surveillance and monitoring. By seamlessly collecting, processing, and transmitting data, the system ensures an effective and holistic approach to fall detection, thereby enhancing the safety and well-being of individuals in need of personalized monitoring.

[0094] Processing of Fall-Related States: The system is equipped to detect and process fall-related states, such as:

[0095] Getting out of bed: The system can determine when an individual gets out of bed, which is crucial for fall prevention.

[0096] Climbing over a side rail, or standing up in a hospital bed: Hospital beds are common to have a side rail to prevent the patient inadvertently getting out of bed. The detection of an individual attempting to climb out over the bed is the first indication of a potential fall related incident.

[0097] Standing: Identifying when a person is standing is important for assessing mobility and activity levels.

[0098] Walking: The system can detect walking, which is significant for understanding an individual's movements, level of mobility and direction.

[0099] Fall Detection and Alert: In the event of a fall, the system promptly detects the fall and generates an alert. This rapid response is crucial for timely assistance.

[0100] Crossing of Virtual Boundary Alerts: The system can create alerts when individual’s cross virtual boundaries, such as leaving the bed area. This feature enhances safety and security of the user or old age person.

[0101] Radar Module Integration: In specific designs, the system incorporates a Radar-On-Chip (ROC) sensor module, referred to as the "radar module." This radar module is integrated into the ceiling fan or another device, enhancing the system's functionality. The integration can take one of two forms:

[0102] Intrinsic Component of the Device's Electronic Design: In this configuration, the ROC sensor module is an integral and built-in part of the electronic design of the device. This means that it's seamlessly incorporated during the manufacturing process and becomes an inherent feature of the device.

[0103] Independent Unit Connected to an Adjacent Device: Alternatively, the ROC sensor module can be an independent unit that is adjacent and connected to the device. This configuration allows for flexibility in installation and positioning, as the radar module can be attached to the device or placed nearby to optimize monitoring coverage.

[0104] The ROC sensor module is essential for highly accurate movement and presence detection. It emits millimeter wave signals and analyzes the reflections, providing detailed information about the location and movements of individuals. The integration of radar technology significantly enhances the system's monitoring capabilities. It can detect even subtle movements and changes in the monitored area. The radar module contributes to occupancy detection and tracking. This is particularly valuable for understanding the presence and activities of individuals in the bed area. The radar module can be instrumental in fall detection. It can detect falls with a high degree of accuracy, enabling rapid response and assistance.

[0105] In another embodiment, a user interface is enabled for individuals to configure settings, monitor falls, and receive alerts, with visual feedback provided through LED indicators or a display panels. The ceiling fan control mechanism is activated, offering options for alert mechanisms. After the detection of a fall event and triggering the necessary responses, the system continues to actively observe the well-being of the individual who experienced the fall. This post-fall monitoring involves a continuous surveillance process, allowing the system to assess the individual's condition over time. If any further concerns or anomalies are identified during this monitoring phase, the system initiates additional notifications. This feature ensures a prolonged and attentive level of safety and care beyond the immediate response to a fall, contributing to a more comprehensive and sustained approach to individual well-being.

[0106] FIG. 3 illustrates an example of a fall detection and prevention system 300, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. In one embodiment, the functioning of this innovative system is a multi-faceted process designed to enhance safety and well-being for individuals, particularly those in a bedroom or healthcare environment. The ceiling fan 301 serves as the central hub, integrating advanced sensors and technology. One of its primary functions is to monitor the person or patient 304. The integrated sensors, including radar technology, continuously track the individual's movements. When a fall is detected, the system promptly responds, triggering alerts or interventions to ensure the person's safety. The radar module having transmitting and receiving echoes 303 plays a pivotal role in this process, monitoring the environment and the person's activities. It communicates real-time data to other components within the system. The radar module is crucial in fall detection and safety features, as it helps identify instances of sudden Center of Gravity (COG) height changes and other potential fall scenarios. In the event of a fall or any safety concern, the system can send immediate alerts to caregivers or medical professionals. This functionality ensures that individuals are closely monitored, their well-being is prioritized, and timely assistance is provided when needed, making it a comprehensive and vital solution for enhancing safety and healthcare in various settings.

[0107] FIG. 4 illustrates an example for virtual boundary alert in fall detection and prevention system 400), in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The functioning of the system revolves around ensuring the safety and well-being of the person or patient 403 within a designated area. The ceiling fan 401 acts as the central hub, integrating advanced sensors and technology, including the radar module. The radar module continuously monitors the person's movements using echoes 402, specifically focusing on their location and actions within predetermined areas around the bed. These areas are defined to maintain the individual's safety. When the person crosses virtual boundaries 404 within these predefined areas, the system immediately generates alarms or alerts. These alerts can be swiftly communicated to caregivers or medical professionals, enabling a rapid response to address the situation and ensure that the person remains within the designated safe area, thus prioritizing their safety and well-being.

[0108] FIG. 5 illustrates a system architecture 500 for monitoring of fall detection and potential incidents, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The architecture outlined comprises various components and their functions, creating a comprehensive system for monitoring and enhancing indoor environments. The details of each of these components are mentioned below:

[0109] Radar Module 501: This module is responsible for radar-based detection. It emits radar signals and captures their reflections to detect and track the presence and movements of individuals within the monitored area.

[0110] Radar on Chip (ROC) 502: This component is a specialized radar technology known as Radar on Chip (ROC). It plays a critical role in precise movement detection and presence sensing. The ROC processes radar data and extracts valuable information reflecting on the location and motion of objects in its coverage area.

[0111] AI Processor 503: The AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor is a central component for data analysis. It processes the data collected by the radar module and ROC to classify and understand the behavior and state of individuals. It can identify potential and actual fall detections using AI algorithms.

[0112] Event Recording 504: This function records the events and data generated by the system. It can maintain a log of fall prevention alerts, and other significant events. Event recording is valuable for future reference, analysis, and improving the system's performance.

[0113] Communications and Power Control 505: Communications and Power Control manages the communication and power aspects of the system. It ensures that data and alerts are communicated efficiently and manages the power resources of the Radar Module.

[0114] Antenna on Board 506: An onboard antenna can be an optional feature, enhancing the system's communication capabilities. It can provide improved signal transmission and reception.

[0115] Ceiling Fan Control 507: The ceiling fan control controls the ceiling fan as per instructions by the AI processor.

[0116] Mobile Device Application 508: This component represents the user interface for interacting with the system. A mobile device application allows users to monitor the system's data, receive alerts, and make adjustments to the settings. It provides a convenient way for caregivers or individuals to stay informed and control the system.

[0117] Cloud / Local Edge Device 509: This component offers flexibility in data management. It allows data to be processed and stored either in a local edge device or in the cloud. Local edge processing provides real-time monitoring and immediate action, while cloud storage offers long-term data analysis and accessibility from remote locations.

[0118] FIG. 6 illustrates a flowchart 600 for monitoring fall detection and prevention scenarios, in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The flowchart outlines the sequence of operations in a system designed for monitoring and enhancing the indoor environment. The below provides details of each step being involved:

[0119] At Step 601, Sensor Detection: This stage represents the initial step in the process. Sensors, which may include radar or other technologies, detect the presence of individuals in the monitored area. The sensors collect data about individuals’ posture, movements, transitions, COG, level of mobility and balance.

[0120] At Step 602, Fall Prevention and Detection: To ensure safety, the system employs fall prevention and detection algorithms. It can detect individuals getting out of bed or attempting to climb over the side rail, or standing up of a hospital bed, signaling a fall risk. This is especially crucial in healthcare settings where patient safety is a priority.

[0121] At Step 603, Delay by d sec: This step introduces a delay by a certain number of seconds, which can be a user-defined parameter. This delay is to enable a continuous preset time for sampling the current state / situation of an individual within his / her environment. After each delay the FPD 602 algorithm will be executed, and any detected events will be reported to the communications module. This delay can be used to account for brief, expected interruptions in monitoring, ensuring that events are not prematurely triggered.

[0122] At Step 604, Record Events (Option): Optionally, the system can record the detected events. This may include creating a log of fall prevention and detection alerts and other events for future reference or analysis.

[0123] At Step 605, Communicate Events: The system communicates the detected events and data to an external application or service. This communication is vital for providing real-time alerts and enabling remote monitoring by healthcare professionals or caregivers.

[0124] In an embodiment, the process of detecting and classifying individuals within the described system encompasses a comprehensive set of functions within a digitized detection and classification framework. This process involves several key steps:

[0125] Detection and 4D Radar Point Cloud Generation: It initiates with the detection of radar returns, resulting in the creation of a 4D "radar point cloud." This cloud represents a complete detection of all physical surfaces within the radar's coverage area. Each detected point is precisely located in three-dimensional space (x, y, z) and assigned a radial velocity, which includes stationary points (radial velocity "0") relative to the radar module's position.

[0126] Grouping and Center of Gravity Calculation: The next step involves grouping the detected radar points into separate objects, including individuals, babies, pets, and other targets. This grouping process generates a center of gravity for each group, along with their respective locations (x, y, z) and radial velocities in relation to the radar module's position.

[0127] Classification of Grouped Radar Returns: The system then classifies these grouped radar returns, referred to as "targets," into categories such as persons, babies, or other specified classes like pets or wheelchairs. Each group of radar returns is individually identified as a "target."

[0128] Continuous Monitoring and Posture Classification: Human targets, including chronic patients, geriatric impaired, post operation patients etc. in a bed, who are subject to continuous monitoring. Changes in their posture, movements, and behavior are observed and classified. This classification can include identifying states such as awakening, getting out of bed, climbing over a bed siderail, or standing in bed, walking away from the bed, or approaching a door, among others.

[0129] The radar module having radome integration is a significant design feature of the system, allowing the seamless incorporation of radar technology without compromising the aesthetics or functionality of the ceiling fan or similar devices. The system includes an ornamental radome, which is designed to encase the radar module. This radome serves as a protective and aesthetic cover for the radar technology. It can be seamlessly integrated into the device's design without adversely affecting the established configuration.

[0130] The radome can be incorporated alongside existing components, such as a light fixture cover, plastic enclosure, or similar designs, without any detrimental impact. The ornamental radome serves to protect the radar module from physical damage, dust, and other environmental factors. This protection ensures the longevity and reliability of the radar technology. The radome is designed to blend harmoniously with the overall design of the ceiling fan or similar device. It can be customized to match the device's appearance, maintaining a cohesive and pleasing aesthetic.

[0131] The integration process is designed to be straightforward, ensuring that the radome can be added without the need for major modifications or disruptions to the device's configuration. This minimizes installation complexity and associated costs. By seamlessly integrating the ornamental radome, the system provides an improved user experience. Users are not only benefiting from advanced radar technology but also enjoying an unobtrusive and attractive design. The ornamental radome can be adapted to different device designs and configurations. It accommodates various forms and styles, making it versatile for use in different settings and applications.

[0132] The installation of the system is designed to be user-friendly and non-disruptive. It involves the integration of the sensor system into a ceiling fan or similar device above a bed. The key component of this integration is the radar transparent cover, or radome. The radome serves a dual purpose in the installation. Firstly, it is an ornamental cover that enhances the device's overall aesthetic, seamlessly blending with the device's design. This ornamental aspect ensures that the installation is visually appealing and does not detract from the device's appearance. The second crucial role of the radome is to provide protection for the radar module. It acts as a protective shell that encases the radar technology, shielding it from physical damage, dust, and other environmental factors. This protective function ensures the longevity and reliability of the radar module.

[0133] Despite its protective role, the radome is transparent to radar signals, allowing radar waves to pass through without distortion or interference. This radar transparency is essential to maintain the radar module's functionality. The system can continue to detect movements, presence, and other data accurately while being enclosed within the radome. The radome is customizable to match the specific design and aesthetics of the ceiling fan or similar device.

[0134] It can be tailored to align with the device's appearance, ensuring a cohesive and pleasing look. This customization adds a layer of versatility, allowing the system to be adapted to various room styles and preferences. Importantly, the installation of the radar transparent cover (radome) does not disrupt the existing device configuration. It can be seamlessly added without major modifications, reducing installation complexity and associated costs. Users can enjoy the benefits of advanced radar technology without invasive changes to their room setup. The combination of radar technology and the radar transparent cover (radome) offers an enhanced user experience. Users not only benefit from advanced monitoring and detection capabilities but also enjoy an unobtrusive and attractive design that blends seamlessly with the device.

[0135] The described system represents an innovative solution for enhancing both the performance and aesthetics of indoor appliances. Within this system, indoor appliances, ranging from ceiling fans to lighting fixtures, lighting bulbs, mirrors and air conditioning units, are purposefully equipped to seamlessly incorporate radar modules. This integration becomes notably significant with the introduction of a specialized radar transparent cover, referred to as the "Radome." The Radome is skillfully engineered to encase and protect the embedded radar module within the indoor appliance. What sets this solution apart is the careful consideration of design and composition that ensures a harmonious coexistence of the Radome with the overall aesthetic of the indoor appliance. While providing a safeguarding enclosure for the radar module, the Radome also preserves the appliance's functional and visual characteristics. Furthermore, it achieves this balance without hindering the transmission of radar signals. This innovative system effectively marries technology with design, resulting in indoor appliances that not only perform optimally but also maintain their original appeal, making it a valuable addition to the field of indoor appliance technology and design.

[0136] The system employs a flexible data communication system for managing sensor data. This system is designed to accommodate various scenarios and user preferences. By default, sensor data is typically processed locally. This means that the data collected by the sensors is analyzed and acted upon within the system or the device itself. Local processing ensures real-time responsiveness and can be crucial in situations where immediate action is needed. In addition to local processing, the system can also communicate with edge devices. Edge devices are intermediate computing devices located closer to the source of data (the sensor system). These edge devices can further process and analyze data, offering more computing power and potentially reduced latency compared to cloud-based solutions. The system is also capable of transmitting sensor data to cloud services. This cloud-based communication enables remote monitoring, data storage, and advanced analytics. Cloud services offer the advantage of accessibility from anywhere with an internet connection. The system can connect to data networks using both wired and wireless methods. Wired connections might include Ethernet, while wireless networks can encompass Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or 4 / 5G connections. The choice of network connection depends on the specific application and user preferences. The system is equipped with full-duplex communication capabilities, allowing bidirectional data transfer. This means that not only can data from the sensors be sent to external devices, but pre-recorded audio files can also be received from external devices.

[0137] The system's data communication capabilities offer a multifaceted approach to data management. Local data processing guarantees immediate responses to critical events, while data redundancy and storage are provided through connections to edge devices and cloud services, ensuring that historical data is available for analysis. Cloud service integration allows remote monitoring and access, making it possible for users to stay informed about individual well-being and environmental conditions from anywhere with internet access. Furthermore, the collected data can undergo advanced analytics in the cloud, uncovering valuable insights into long-term trends and patterns. The system's versatility extends to its ability to connect through a variety of wired and wireless networks, alongside full-duplex communication, ensuring compatibility with diverse devices and data transfer methods.

[0138] The system is equipped with an alert and notification mechanism that enables it to send timely notifications to an external application or service. These alerts are crucial for ensuring the safety, well-being, and healthcare management of individuals. The alert communication system plays a pivotal role in achieving rapid responses to critical events, ensuring that individuals receive timely assistance when necessary. This system significantly enhances safety through fall prevention and detection alerts, particularly benefiting vulnerable individuals like the elderly and patients in healthcare environments. In healthcare and senior care settings, the alert communication system serves as a fundamental tool, leading to the enhancement of patient care, safety, and overall well-being. Additionally, the capability for remote monitoring ensures that healthcare professionals and caregivers can proactively monitor and respond to events even when physically distant, ultimately elevating the quality of care and patient outcomes. The below provides a detailed explanation of the alert generations for fall prevention, fall detection, and severe movement disorders:

[0139] Fall Prevention – when attempting to climb over a siderail of a hospital bed or standing up in bed: Fall prevention alerts are triggered when individuals attempt to climb over a side rail, and potentially may fall over the top and freefall to the floor. This is especially important when monitoring high risk patients after surgery, or demented and disoriented patients that are must be kept lying in bed.

[0140] Fall Prevention - with Crossing of Virtual Border Line: Fall prevention alerts are triggered when individuals approach the edge of the bed or a defined virtual border line around the bed. The system monitors proximity to these boundaries and generates an alert when someone is in danger of falling. This is especially important in healthcare settings where patients may have mobility issues. Preventing falls is a key aspect of ensuring patient safety.

[0141] Fall Detection - when the Target’s COG or Posture Classification Indicates a Fall: Fall detection alerts are activated when the system's analysis of the individual's Center of Gravity (COG) or Posture Classification indicates a fall. This can be a sudden or uncontrolled movement that suggests a person has fallen. Rapid fall detection is vital for summoning immediate assistance in cases of accidents or emergencies, particularly in healthcare and senior care settings.

[0142] The incorporation of a radar module into a ceiling fan, appliance, or standalone radar sensor device offers several embodiments, each tailored to different installation scenarios and requirements. These embodiments are disclosed in detail below:

[0143] Separate Radar Module Unit: In the first embodiment, the radar module functions as a standalone unit with all its components and capabilities. The radar antennas face downward, and it is equipped with a communication channel used for interaction with the ceiling fan unit. This independent radar module provides flexibility in terms of placement and can be positioned optimally for the specific monitoring requirements.

[0144] Radar Module Under a Radome Cover: In the second embodiment, the radar module's "front end," which includes antennas and RF circuitry, is positioned beneath a specialized cover with radome characteristics. This radome cover protects and conceals the radar components while allowing radar signals to pass through. The radar control component interfaces with the ceiling fan controller and other necessary components as dictated by the specific implementation. This configuration combines performance with aesthetics.

[0145] Integrated Radar Control Component: The third embodiment involves integrating the radar control component directly into the ceiling fan's control unit and / or printed circuitry. This approach streamlines the installation, reducing the number of separate components. The radar control component communicates with the ceiling fan controller, typically via half-duplex or full-duplex communication. This communication channel facilitates the exchange of information, allowing the ceiling fan to respond to radar input and adapt its operation accordingly.

[0146] Regardless of the embodiment, the radar beam is typically directed downward, covering the floor area and most of the room volume. However, certain embodiments may offer flexibility in adjusting the radar's direction to suit different monitoring scenarios. For example, it could be adjusted to face a bed, or another area of interest. This adaptability ensures that the radar module can be optimized for its specific application. In terms of installation, the radar module is typically attached to the ceiling fan frame using methods such as magnets, screws, or other mechanical fasteners. This attachment mechanism allows for adjusting the direction and angle of the radar module relative to the ceiling fan frame base plate. The optimization of the radar's distance from the radome or cover is critical to achieve optimal performance. Overall, these embodiments offer versatility in incorporating radar technology into various indoor settings, whether it be a ceiling fan, appliance, or standalone sensor device, ensuring effective and unobtrusive monitoring and control.

[0147] It's important to note that certain embodiments of the sensor module, encompassing both the sensor and the communication component, are discussed in detail in the accompanying drawings. These embodiments illustrate how the sensor system is physically structured and integrated, providing a comprehensive understanding of its components and functionalities.

[0148] While the subject invention is described and illustrated with respect to certain preferred and alternative embodiments, it should be understood that various modifications can be made to those embodiments without departing from the subject invention, the scope of which is defined in the following claims.

Claims

1. A fall detection and prevention system, comprising:       an appliance of stand-alone device incorporating one or more sensors, strategically positioned to cover an optimal monitored area, for monitoring individuals within an indoor environment in real time, and gathering sensory data essential for personnel fall detection and prevention;        one or more processors, responsible for real-time processing of sensory data, implementation of fall detection and prevention algorithms to analyze patterns associated with falls, potential falls or unsafe situations, and generating necessary responses; and       a communication module, configured to trigger the necessary responses in response to detected falls, potential falls or unsafe situations;wherein the one or more sensors communicate sensory data to the one or more processors.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensors include a radar sensor; the appliance of stand-alone device is an indoor appliance, the system is integrated into or placed nearby the indoor appliance; the one or more sensors monitor events including:        when a bed-stricken person is getting out of bed or standing in bed; or       in an unfortunate event of a person falling; or       if a bed-stricken person leaves a bed area;the one or more processors implement the fall detection and prevention algorithms to determine fall-related states of a person including:        getting out of bed, or       climbing over a side rail, or       standing, or        walking, or        crossing of virtual boundary, whereby, the one or more processors generate the necessary responses including alerts or interventions or notifications.

3. The system of claim 2, wherein the one or more sensors are integrated into the indoor appliance by means of one of following forms that:the one or more sensors are intrinsic components of an electronic design of the indoor appliance, and are an integral and built-in part of the electronic design; orthe one or more sensors are configured as an independent unit that is adjacent and connected to the indoor appliance.

4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a control unit set in the indoor appliance, wherein the one or more processors are directly integrated into the control unit of the indoor appliance and / or is integrated into a printed circuitry;the one or more processors communicates with the control unit of the indoor appliance;the control unit of the indoor appliance serves as a central interface for communication with the one or more sensors, and allows for the gathering of sensor data; and the control unit of the indoor appliance controls the indoor appliance as per instructions by the one or more processors.

5. The system of claim 2, wherein the indoor appliance includes one or more of lighting fixtures, lighting bulbs, mirrors or air conditioning units with full functionality.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is integrated into a standalone sensor device with full functionality.

7. The system of claim 2, wherein a radome is provided to encase the one or more sensors, is adapted to designs and configurations of the indoor appliance and is seamlessly integrated into the indoor appliance 's design; the radome is transparent to sensor signals, allowing sensor waves to pass through without distortion or interference.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensors include a radar on chip (ROC); the one or more processors include an artificial intelligence (AI) processor; the AI processor processes the sensor data to classify and understand behavior and state of individuals and identify potential and actual fall detections using AI algorithms.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein the system is connected to a cloud service and / or a local edge device through a wired connection or a wireless network to offer flexibility in data management; the system interacts with a mobile device application to allow users to monitor the system's data, and / or receive alerts or notifications, and / or make adjustments to settings through a mobile device.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein the system further comprises an event recording unit for recording events and data generated by the system; the system further comprises an onboard antenna to enhance the system's communication capabilities.

11. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more sensors includes a dual radar system for enhanced reliability, enabling cross-verification of fall events between radar sensors to reduce the likelihood of false alarms.

12. The system of claim 1, wherein the communication module employs wireless communication protocols, ensuring seamless integration with smartphones or monitoring devices.

13. The system of claim 1, further comprising a power supply unit that supplies power to the one or more sensors, the one or more processors, and the communication module, incorporating energy-efficient components to optimize power consumption.

14. The system of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors implement the fall detection and prevention algorithms with adjustable sensitivity levels and thresholds, providing flexibility to fine-tune parameters and minimize occurrence of false alarms; the one or more processors implement the fall detection and prevention algorithms, taking into account factors including sudden changes in a center of gravity height and irregular motion patterns including an individual climbing over a side railing, or standing up in bed;the one or more processors process the sensor data for various applications, including assessing levels of safety and potential fall and implementing responsive measures.

15. The system of claim 1, the one or more processors collaborate with the communication module to trigger alerts seamlessly; the system is configured with an alert system, the one or more processor control the communication module to activate the alert system in an event of a fall detection, a potential of a fall detection or an exiting of a virtual fence, sending notifications promptly to designated recipients.

16. The system of claim 2, further comprises a user interface for easy configuration, parameter adjustments, monitoring of fall detection events, and receiving alerts or notifications; the one or more processors are connected to the user interface through the communication module.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the user interface includes visual feedback elements; the user interface is set on the indoor appliance; the interface connects to a central monitoring system for staff alert and response procedure activation.

18. A method for fall detection and prevention, comprising following steps of:       continuously monitoring individuals within an indoor environment in real time and acquiring sensor data essential for personnel fall detection essential for personnel fall detection from one or more strategically positioned sensors;       processing the sensor data in real-time;       implementing a fall detection algorithm with adjustable sensitivity levels and thresholds to analyze patterns associated with falls;       determining a potential fall event based on the processed data;       triggering an alert system within a communication module upon detecting and optionally confirming a fall;       sending notifications promptly to designated recipients including caregivers or emergency services.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the method is performed using the system of any one of claims 1 to 17.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising a step of:       post-fall monitoring, wherein the system continuously observes the individual's well-being following a fall event, providing ongoing surveillance and additional notifications if required, thereby ensuring sustained safety and care.

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