Waveguide device and related product

Abstract

A waveguide device and a related product, relating to the technical field of millimeter wave radars. The waveguide device comprises a first waveguide and N electromagnetic band gap units, wherein the N electromagnetic band gap units are located between the first waveguide and an antenna device, the N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide, signal transmission is carried out between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and N is an integer greater than 0. By means of the non-periodic arrangement form of the electromagnetic band gap units, the waveguide device can achieve reliable transmission of signals from a waveguide outlet of a radio frequency chip to a waveguide feed port of the antenna device, thereby improving the signal transmission performance, and improving the robustness of the waveguide outlet of the radio frequency chip and the waveguide feed port of the antenna device.

Description

Waveguide devices and related products

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on October 23, 2023, with application number 202311383055.0 and application name “Waveguide Devices and Related Products,” the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of millimeter wave radar technology, and in particular to a waveguide device and related products. Background Art

[0003] A waveguide is a structure used to guide electromagnetic waves in a certain direction. It is primarily used as a transmission line at microwave frequencies, connecting microwave transmitters and receivers to their antennas in microwave radio link equipment such as radar.

[0004] In millimeter-wave radar systems, three-dimensional waveguide antennas offer significant advantages over flat printed circuit board (PCB) antennas in terms of loss and broadband characteristics. The RF chip waveguide outlet for waveguide antennas is a rectangular waveguide outlet, which must be vertically connected to the antenna assembly's waveguide feed port to achieve vertical signal transmission.

[0005] However, during engineering implementation, it is easy for installation deviation and gap to occur at the point where the waveguide outlet of the RF chip vertically connects with the waveguide feed of the antenna device, resulting in a significant deterioration of signal transmission performance or even failure, thereby causing low robustness of the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the waveguide feed of the antenna device.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The embodiments of the present application provide a waveguide device and related products, which can realize reliable transmission of signals from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed of the antenna device, improve the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the waveguide feed of the antenna device.

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a waveguide device, the waveguide device comprising:

[0009] A first waveguide and N electromagnetic bandgap units, where N is an integer greater than 0;

[0010] The N electromagnetic band gap units are located between the first waveguide and the antenna device. The N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide. Signals are transmitted between the first waveguide and the antenna device.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, a waveguide device is provided that can be applied to a millimeter-wave radar or a millimeter-wave radar system. N electromagnetic band gap (EBG) units in the waveguide device are located between a first waveguide and an antenna device, and the N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band to prevent the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device.

[0012] Currently, the waveguide outlet of RF chips adapted for waveguide antennas is a rectangular waveguide outlet. This outlet must be vertically aligned with the waveguide feed of the antenna assembly to achieve vertical signal transmission. This vertical alignment is prone to installation misalignment and gaps during engineering implementation, significantly degrading or even failing signal transmission performance. This results in low robustness between the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna assembly waveguide feed.

[0013] In the embodiment of the present application, the non-periodic EBG unit setting can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps, realize reliable transmission of signals from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed of the antenna device, and improve the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the waveguide feed of the antenna device.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, two adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units among the N electromagnetic bandgap units have different cross-sectional shapes.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of N electromagnetic band gap units is provided. Specifically, among the N electromagnetic band gap units, there are two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units with different cross-sectional shapes. In this case, the N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0016] Optionally, the cross section of the two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units may be a cross section perpendicular to the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide, or a cross section parallel to the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of N electromagnetic bandgap units is provided. Specifically, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner. In this case, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0019] Optionally, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner on a plane perpendicular to the signal transmission direction in the first waveguide.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, among the N electromagnetic band gap units, there are two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units with different spacings.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of N electromagnetic band gap units is provided. Specifically, among the N electromagnetic band gap units, there are two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units with different spacings. In this case, the N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0022] Optionally, the distance between the two adjacent groups of electromagnetic band gap units can be understood as the distance between the center points of the two adjacent groups of electromagnetic band gap units, or can be understood as the distance between the edges of the two adjacent groups of electromagnetic band gap units, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged in a rectangular shape around the first waveguide.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of N electromagnetic bandgap units is provided. Specifically, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged in a rectangular manner around the first waveguide. In this case, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0025] Optionally, the N electromagnetic bandgap units can also be arranged around the first waveguide in a square, circular, elliptical or other shape, as long as they are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0026] In a possible implementation manner, two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units have different cross-sectional areas.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of N electromagnetic band gap units is provided. Specifically, among the N electromagnetic band gap units, there are two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units with different cross-sectional areas. In this case, the N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0028] Optionally, the cross section of the two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units may be a cross section perpendicular to the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide, or a cross section parallel to the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0029] In a possible implementation, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are rectangular corner-cut protrusion structures.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of N electromagnetic band gap units is provided. Specifically, the N electromagnetic band gap units are rectangular cut-corner protrusion structures. In this case, the N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0031] Optionally, the N electromagnetic band gap units can be a raised structure with a single rectangular cut corner, or a raised structure with multiple rectangular cut corners, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. When the electromagnetic band gap unit has only one rectangular cut corner, it can be any one of the upper left cut corner, upper right cut corner, lower left cut corner, and lower right cut corner of the rectangle, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this. When the electromagnetic band gap unit has multiple rectangular cut corners, any two or more of the upper left cut corner, upper right cut corner, lower left cut corner, and lower right cut corner of the rectangle can exist simultaneously, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0032] Optionally, the N electromagnetic bandgap units may also be square, circular, elliptical or other shaped chamfered protrusion structures, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0033] In a possible implementation manner, the spacing between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units in the N electromagnetic band gap units is the same.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific embodiment of N electromagnetic band gap units is provided, specifically, two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units in the N electromagnetic band gap units have the same spacing. It is understood that when two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units in the N electromagnetic band gap units have different cross-sectional shapes, or when the N electromagnetic band gap units are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner, or when two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units in the N electromagnetic band gap units have different cross-sectional areas, or when the N electromagnetic band gap units have rectangular chamfered protrusion structures, the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units in the N electromagnetic band gap units have the same spacing, and can also be non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, thereby preventing the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and solving the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation offset and gaps.

[0035] Optionally, the distance between the two adjacent groups of electromagnetic band gap units can be understood as the distance between the center points of the two adjacent groups of electromagnetic band gap units, or can be understood as the distance between the edges of the two adjacent groups of electromagnetic band gap units, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0036] In a possible implementation manner, there are three structural forms of the N electromagnetic bandgap units, and N=7.

[0037] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of N electromagnetic bandgap units is provided. Specifically, there are three structural forms of the N electromagnetic bandgap units, and N=7, that is, the waveguide device in the embodiment of the present application includes a first waveguide and seven electromagnetic bandgap units with three structural forms, and the seven electromagnetic bandgap units with three structural forms are located between the first waveguide and the antenna device. The seven electromagnetic bandgap units with three structural forms are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0038] In a possible implementation manner, the N electromagnetic bandgap units have the same length along a first direction, where the first direction is a direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide.

[0039] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of N electromagnetic band gap units is provided. Specifically, the N electromagnetic band gap units have the same length along the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide. It can be understood that the N electromagnetic band gap units are of the same height and constitute an electromagnetic stop band to block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device.

[0040] In a possible implementation manner, at least two electromagnetic bandgap units among the N electromagnetic bandgap units have different lengths along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to a direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of N electromagnetic band gap units is provided. Specifically, at least two of the N electromagnetic band gap units have different lengths along a direction perpendicular to the signal transmission direction in the first waveguide. This can be understood as at least two of the N electromagnetic band gap units having unequal lengths, forming an electromagnetic stop band, so as to solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0042] In a possible implementation manner, the edge spacing between any two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units satisfies the following condition: 0.15λ≤a≤0.3λ;

[0043] Wherein, a is the edge distance between any two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the first waveguide.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of N electromagnetic band gap units is provided, specifically, the edge spacing between any two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units satisfies the range of 0.15λ to 0.3λ, forming an electromagnetic stop band to block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device.

[0045] Optionally, the edge distance between any two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units may be understood as the distance between the closest edges of the any two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units.

[0046] In a possible implementation manner, the first waveguide is a ridge waveguide.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of a first waveguide is provided, specifically, the first waveguide is a barren waveguide, and further, the first waveguide is a ridge waveguide of a radio frequency chip. The radio frequency signal is transmitted from the ridge waveguide port (i.e., the first waveguide port) of the radio frequency chip through N non-periodically arranged electromagnetic band gap units to the antenna device, which can realize reliable transmission of the signal from the ridge waveguide port of the radio frequency chip to the waveguide feed port of the antenna device, thereby improving the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the ridge waveguide port of the radio frequency chip and the waveguide feed port of the antenna device.

[0048] In a possible implementation, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged on the antenna device side or the first waveguide side.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of N electromagnetic bandgap units is provided, specifically, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged on the antenna device side or on the first waveguide side. It is understood that as long as the N electromagnetic bandgap units are located between the first waveguide and the antenna device and are arranged non-periodically to form an electromagnetic stop band, the N electromagnetic bandgap units can be arranged either on the antenna device side or on the first waveguide, and both can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0050] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a transceiver device, which includes M waveguide devices as described in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect, where M is an integer greater than 1.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present application, a transceiver is provided that can be applied to a millimeter wave radar or a millimeter wave radar system. The transceiver includes a plurality of waveguide devices as described in the first aspect or any possible embodiment of the first aspect.

[0052] Optionally, the transceiver in the embodiment of the present application can be a multi-channel (i.e., multiple waveguide devices) switching structure formed by the above-mentioned single channel (i.e., a single waveguide device) after overall rotation, replication and translation, located between the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the antenna device, and non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to form an electromagnetic resistance band to block the signal transmitted in the waveguide of the RF chip from leaking at the connection between the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device, thereby realizing reliable transmission of the signal from the RF chip waveguide outlet to the waveguide feed of the antenna device, solving the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps, and improving the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device waveguide feed.

[0053] In a possible implementation manner, the M waveguide devices are arranged non-periodically.

[0054] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of M waveguide devices is provided, specifically, the M waveguide devices are arranged non-periodically. In this case, the M waveguide devices are non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to form an electromagnetic resistance band, which can block the signal transmitted in the RF chip waveguide from leaking at the connection between the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0055] In a possible implementation manner, the M waveguide devices are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of M waveguide devices is provided. Specifically, the M waveguide devices are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner. In this case, the M waveguide devices are non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to form an electromagnetic resistance band, which can block the signal transmitted in the RF chip waveguide cavity from leaking at the connection between the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0057] In a possible implementation manner, center points of the M waveguide devices are not on a straight line.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of M waveguide devices is provided. Specifically, the center points of the M waveguide devices are not on a straight line. In this case, the M waveguide devices are non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to form an electromagnetic resistance band, which can block the signal transmitted in the RF chip waveguide from leaking at the connection between the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0059] In a possible implementation manner, two waveguide devices among the M waveguide devices have different structures.

[0060] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of M waveguide devices is provided. Specifically, there are two waveguide devices with different structures among the M waveguide devices. In this case, the M waveguide devices are non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to form an electromagnetic resistance band, which can block the signal transmitted in the RF chip waveguide from leaking at the connection between the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0061] Optionally, there are two waveguide devices among the M waveguide devices with different structures. The two waveguide devices can be understood as two waveguide devices formed by the single waveguide device described in the first aspect or any possible embodiment of the first aspect above, which is rotated, replicated and translated as a whole, and are non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip.

[0062] In a possible implementation, the transceiver device further includes a frame, and the frame is disposed on the periphery of the M waveguide devices.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present application, a transceiver device is provided, further comprising a frame disposed around the periphery of M waveguide devices. In this embodiment of the present application, the frame is disposed around the periphery of the M waveguide devices, forming a cavity. This cavity can disrupt surface wave transmission conditions when gaps exist between the corresponding mounting surfaces of the transceiver device, thereby improving isolation between different channels and resolving issues such as significant degradation or even failure of signal transmission performance due to misaligned mounting and gaps.

[0064] Optionally, the enclosure frame may be a metal enclosure frame.

[0065] In a possible implementation manner, the geometric center of the frame is the same as the geometric center of the M waveguide devices.

[0066] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of a frame is provided. Specifically, the geometric center of the frame is the same as the geometric center of the M waveguide devices, and a cavity can be formed. When there is a certain gap between the mounting surfaces corresponding to the transceiver devices, the surface wave transmission conditions are destroyed, and the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices) is improved to solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0067] In a possible implementation, a length of the surrounding frame along a first direction is the same as a length of the waveguide device along the first direction, where the first direction is a direction of signal transmission in the waveguide device.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of a frame is provided. Specifically, the length of the frame along the direction of signal transmission in the waveguide device is the same as the length of the waveguide device along the direction of signal transmission in the waveguide device. It can be understood that the frame is at the same height as the electromagnetic band gap units in the M waveguide devices to form a cavity. When there is a certain gap between the mounting surfaces corresponding to the transceiver devices, the surface wave transmission conditions are destroyed, and the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices) is improved to solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0069] In a possible implementation manner, the surrounding frame is a continuous surrounding frame; or, the surrounding frame is a surrounding frame with one or more gaps.

[0070] In the embodiments of the present application, a possible specific implementation of a frame is provided. Specifically, the frame can be a continuous frame or a frame with one or more gaps, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0071] It can be understood that when the frame is a frame with one or more gaps, the cavity formed by it must meet the transmission conditions of the surface waves destroyed when there is a certain gap between the mounting surfaces corresponding to the transceiver devices, so as to improve the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices). As for the length, number, etc. of the gaps in the frame, the embodiments of the present application do not impose any restrictions on this.

[0072] In a possible implementation manner, the distance between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge satisfies the following condition: 0.25λ≤b≤0.5λ;

[0073] Wherein, b is the distance between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the waveguide device.

[0074] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of a frame is provided, specifically, the spacing between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge is between 0.25λ and 0.5λ to form a cavity. When there is a certain gap between the mounting surfaces corresponding to the transceiver devices, the surface wave transmission conditions are destroyed, thereby improving the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices).

[0075] Optionally, the distance between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge can be understood as the closest margin distance between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge.

[0076] In a possible implementation, a groove is provided along the third direction, and the groove is located between two adjacent waveguide devices;

[0077] The third direction is parallel to the longer side of the cross section of the waveguide device in the first direction, and the first direction is the direction of signal transmission in the waveguide device.

[0078] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of a groove is provided, specifically, a groove is arranged parallel to the longer side of the cross section of the waveguide device in the signal transmission direction of the waveguide device, and the groove is located between two adjacent waveguide devices.

[0079] It can be understood that since the waveguide device is located between the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the antenna device, it is used to block the signal transmitted in the waveguide of the RF chip from leaking at the connection between the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the antenna device, and the above-mentioned groove is located between two adjacent waveguide devices, therefore, the groove can be understood as a shallow groove structure that is sunken in the direction of the longer side of the waveguide feed port of the antenna device, which can effectively block the surface current of the waveguide feed plane and improve the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices).

[0080] In a possible implementation manner, the distance between the groove and the center point of the waveguide device satisfies the following condition: 0.2λ≤c≤0.3λ;

[0081] Wherein, c is the distance between the groove and the center point of the waveguide device, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the waveguide device.

[0082] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of a groove is provided, specifically, the distance between the groove and the center point of the waveguide device is between 0.2λ and 0.3λ, so as to effectively block the surface current of the waveguide feed plane and improve the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices).

[0083] In a possible implementation manner, the depth of the groove satisfies the following condition: 0.1λ≤d≤0.2λ;

[0084] Wherein, d is the depth of the groove, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the waveguide device.

[0085] In an embodiment of the present application, a possible specific implementation of a groove is provided, specifically, the depth of the groove satisfies the range of 0.1λ to 0.2λ, so as to effectively block the surface current of the waveguide feed plane and improve the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices).

[0086] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, which includes the waveguide device described in the first aspect or any possible embodiment of the first aspect, or includes the transceiver device described in the second aspect or any possible embodiment of the second aspect.

[0087] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a radar or a radar system, which includes the waveguide device described in the first aspect or any possible embodiment of the first aspect, or includes the transceiver device described in the second aspect or any possible embodiment of the second aspect, or includes the chip described in the third aspect.

[0088] In a possible implementation, the radar includes but is not limited to a millimeter wave radar.

[0089] In a possible implementation, there may be a smart sensor integrating multiple sensors. When the smart sensor includes but is not limited to a millimeter wave detection function, the smart sensor may also be referred to as a radar or a radar system.

[0090] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, which includes the waveguide device described in the first aspect or any possible embodiment of the first aspect, or includes the transceiver device described in the second aspect or any possible embodiment of the second aspect, or includes the chip described in the third aspect, or includes the radar or radar system described in the fourth aspect.

[0091] In the sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a vehicle end, which includes the waveguide device described in the first aspect or any possible embodiment of the first aspect, or includes the transceiver device described in the second aspect or any possible embodiment of the second aspect, or includes the chip described in the third aspect, or includes the radar or radar system described in the fourth aspect, or includes the terminal equipment described in the fifth aspect.

[0092] In the embodiment of the present application, the non-periodic electromagnetic band gap unit setting can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps, realize reliable transmission of signals from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed of the antenna device, and improve the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the waveguide feed of the antenna device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0093] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0094] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a radar distribution according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0095] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a radar provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0096] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a radar provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0097] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0098] FIG5A is a three-dimensional perspective view of a waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0099] FIG5B is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0100] FIG5C is a schematic diagram of a mounting surface of a waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0101] FIG6A is a schematic structural diagram of another waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0102] FIG6B is a schematic structural diagram of another waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0103] FIG6C is a schematic structural diagram of another waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0104] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0105] FIG8A is a schematic structural diagram of a transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0106] FIG8B is a schematic structural diagram of a transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0107] FIG8C is a schematic structural diagram of a transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0108] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0109] FIG10A is a three-dimensional perspective view of a transceiver device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0110] FIG10B is a plan view of a transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0111] FIG11A is a schematic diagram of a return loss effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0112] FIG11B is a schematic diagram of an insertion loss effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0113] FIG11C is a schematic diagram of an isolation effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0114] FIG12A is a schematic diagram of an isolation effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0115] FIG12B is a schematic diagram of an isolation effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0116] FIG12C is a schematic diagram of an isolation effect provided by an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0117] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, the embodiments of this application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of this application.

[0118] The terms "first" and "second" in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units that are inherent to the process, method, product, or device.

[0119] The “embodiment” mentioned herein means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It can be understood explicitly and implicitly by those skilled in the art that in the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified and there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between the various embodiments are consistent and can be referenced to each other, and the technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form a new embodiment according to their inherent logical relationship.

[0120] It should be understood that in the present application, "at least one (item)" refers to one or more, "more than one" refers to two or more, "at least two (items)" refers to two or three and more than three, and "and / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: only A exists, only B exists, and A and B exist at the same time, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0121] As described in the background technology section, the waveguide outlet of the RF chip currently adapted for the waveguide antenna is a rectangular waveguide outlet, which needs to be docked vertically with the waveguide feed of the antenna device at the RF chip waveguide outlet to achieve vertical signal transmission. Since the vertical docking of the RF chip waveguide outlet with the waveguide feed of the antenna device is prone to installation deviation and gaps during engineering implementation, the signal transmission performance is greatly deteriorated or even fails, resulting in low robustness of the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device waveguide feed. The present application provides a waveguide device and related products, relating to the field of millimeter wave radar technology, to achieve reliable transmission of signals from the RF chip waveguide outlet to the antenna device waveguide feed, and to improve the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device waveguide feed.

[0122] In order to more clearly describe the solution of this application, some knowledge related to radar is first introduced below.

[0123] Radar is the transliteration of the English word Radar, which comes from the abbreviation of "radio detection and ranging", meaning "radio detection and ranging". It uses radio methods to detect targets and determine the spatial position of targets.

[0124] Radar uses electromagnetic waves as its detection medium, and it uses the transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves to detect targets, for example, to measure distance, speed, or azimuth. Radar can measure distance to a target based on the time of flight of electromagnetic waves, which is the time difference between the transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves. Radar transmits an electromagnetic wave signal and receives its echo signal. The radar measures the distance to the target based on the time difference between the received echo signal and the transmitted electromagnetic wave signal and the propagation speed of the electromagnetic wave. The distance between the radar and the target can be determined using the following formula: s = c * t / 2, where s is the distance to the target, t is the time of flight (the time from the radar transmitting the electromagnetic wave signal to the reception of the echo signal), and c is the speed of light.

[0125] Radar uses the Doppler effect to measure target velocity. The Doppler effect works as follows: when a vibration source, such as sound, light, or radio waves, moves relative to an observer at a relative speed, the frequency of the vibration received by the observer differs from the frequency emitted by the source. When the electromagnetic waves emitted by the radar and the target are in relative motion, the frequency of the echo signal will differ from the frequency of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. When the target approaches the radar antenna, the frequency of the echo signal will be higher than the frequency of the transmitted electromagnetic wave; conversely, when the target moves away from the radar antenna, the frequency of the echo signal will be lower than the frequency of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The frequency change caused by the Doppler effect is called the Doppler shift, which is proportional to the relative velocity and inversely proportional to the vibration frequency. Therefore, by detecting the frequency difference between the transmitted electromagnetic wave signal and the echo signal, the target's speed relative to the radar—that is, the relative speed between the target and the radar—can be measured.

[0126] Radar can use amplitude method, phase method and other methods to measure azimuth angle. The amplitude method uses the amplitude value of the echo signal received by the antenna to measure the angle. The change pattern of the amplitude value depends on the antenna radiation pattern and the antenna scanning method; the phase method uses the phase difference between the echo signals received by multiple antenna units to measure the angle. For example, the radar receives the echo signal reflected by the same target through the antenna array, and calculates the azimuth angle of the target based on the phase difference of the echo signal.

[0127] Millimeter-wave radar uses electromagnetic waves within a certain wavelength range, such as microwaves. Currently, millimeter waves and adjacent centimeter waves (e.g., centimeter waves in the 24 GHz band) are more commonly used. Millimeter waves have wavelengths of 1 to 10 millimeters (mm), with those in the 24 GHz band having wavelengths slightly larger than 10 mm. Because the wavelength of millimeter-wave radar's detection medium lies in the overlapping wavelength range of microwaves and far-infrared waves, it combines the characteristics of both spectrums. According to wave propagation theory, higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths yield higher resolution and greater penetration, but also greater propagation losses and shorter transmission distances. Conversely, lower frequencies and longer wavelengths yield greater diffraction resistance and longer transmission distances. Therefore, compared to microwaves, millimeter-wave radar's detection medium offers higher resolution, better directivity, stronger anti-interference capabilities, and superior detection performance. Compared to infrared, millimeter-wave radar experiences less atmospheric attenuation, has better penetration of smoke and dust, and is less affected by weather. Therefore, millimeter-wave radar has been increasingly widely used in many fields such as smart vehicles, drones, smart transportation, and industrial automation.

[0128] Radar can be categorized by detection range into long-range radar (LRR), mid-range radar (MRR), and short-range radar (SRR). LRR has higher detection range requirements but lower angular detection width requirements. SRR has lower detection range requirements but higher angular detection width requirements. MRR's detection range and angular detection width requirements can be understood as falling between those of LRR and SRR. For example, LRR's detection range can exceed 200 meters and its angular detection width can be ±15°; MRR's detection range is within 100 meters and its angular detection width can be ±45°; and SRR's detection range is within 60 meters and its angular detection width can be ±80°. Different types of radar can be installed in different locations on the vehicle body, depending on the autonomous driving functional requirements and the use of other sensors. The number and type of radars can be selected as needed.

[0129] Please refer to FIG1 , which is a schematic diagram of a radar distribution provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0130] FIG1 shows possible installation locations of several types of radars. This is only an example. In actual use, a greater or lesser number of radars may be selected, and the types may also be adjusted.

[0131] As shown in Figure 1, the LRR can be installed in front of the vehicle as a forward-facing radar; the MRR can be installed in front of or behind the vehicle as a forward-facing radar or a rear-facing radar; and the SRR can be installed on the side or at the four corners of the vehicle as a side-facing radar or a corner radar. Furthermore, the MRR can also be installed on the side or at the four corners of the vehicle, and the SRR can also be installed in the front or rear of the vehicle.

[0132] Radars can be classified based on the modulation method (or radiation method) of their electromagnetic waves. Radar electromagnetic wave modulation methods include pulse and continuous wave, so radars can be divided into pulse radars and continuous wave radars. Continuous wave methods can be further divided into frequency shift keying (FSK), phase shift keying (PSK), constant frequency / single frequency continuous wave (CW), frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW), multiple frequency shift keying (MFSK), and phase modulated continuous wave (PMCW). FMCW has become the mainstream radar modulation method due to its ability to detect multiple targets, high resolution, and low cost.

[0133] Please refer to FIG2 , which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a radar provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0134] As shown in Figure 2, the radar includes a control circuit 110, a signal generator 120, a power amplifier (PA) 130, a low-noise amplifier (LNA) 140, a mixer 150, a filter 160, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 170, and a signal processor 180. The signal processor is typically used to process digital signals, such as a digital signal processor (DSP). Under the control of the control circuit 110, the signal generator 120 generates an electromagnetic wave signal (also known as a radar signal) waveform. For example, in a radar using FMCW modulation, the signal generator 120 generates a sawtooth or triangular wave under the control of the control circuit 110. The signal generator 120 is, for example, a voltage-controlled oscillator, and the control circuit 110 is used to generate a control voltage. The generated electromagnetic wave signal waveform undergoes frequency conversion modulation to the desired frequency band, such as between 76 GHz and 77 GHz. After being amplified by the PA 130, it is radiated into space through the transmit antenna (TX).

[0135] The electromagnetic wave signal radiated by the transmitting antenna hits the target, reflects into space, and is received by the radar's receiving antenna (RX). After being amplified by LNA 140, it is mixed with a reference signal by mixer 150. The reference signal can typically be the electromagnetic wave signal generated above. After filtering by filter 160, mixer 150 generates an analog baseband signal, which is sampled by ADC 170 to generate a digital baseband signal. The digital baseband signal is processed by signal processor 180 to obtain target range, velocity, and angle information. Furthermore, this information can be used for clustering and / or tracking to further determine the target's trajectory, size, type, and other information.

[0136] The various components of the radar described above can be integrated as needed to achieve miniaturization of the radar. For example, components such as the control circuit 110, signal generator 120, power amplifier (PA) 130, low noise amplifier (LNA) 140, mixer 150, filter 160, and analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 170 can be integrated on at least one chip, such as a monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC).

[0137] For details, please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a radar provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0138] As shown in Figure 3, the radar includes an MMIC, a microcontroller unit (MCU), and a power management integrated circuit (PMIC). The MMIC can integrate the functions of the RF part, and the MCU can integrate the functions of the above baseband part, such as the functions of the above signal processor. In addition, it can also provide a communication interface with other on-board devices. The PMIC is the chip that powers the radar hardware system.

[0139] A waveguide is a structure used to guide electromagnetic waves in a certain direction. In electromagnetics and communications engineering, a waveguide refers to any linear structure that transmits electromagnetic waves between its endpoints. Waveguides are primarily used as transmission lines for microwave frequencies, connecting microwave transmitters and receivers to their antennas in radar, communications satellites, and microwave radio link equipment. As shown in Figure 3 above, a waveguide connects the microwave transmitter integrated in the MMIC shown in Figure 3 to the corresponding transmitting antenna, and the microwave receiver integrated in the MMIC shown in Figure 3 to the corresponding receiving antenna, enabling microwave frequency transmission.

[0140] Electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure: A periodic structure that can prevent the propagation of electromagnetic waves of a specific frequency. The periodic structural unit is equivalent to a parallel LC circuit, which resonates near the resonant frequency W0. The resonant frequency W0 depends on the structural size and spacing of the EBG unit. At resonance, the impedance is infinite, that is, it presents a high impedance state to electromagnetic waves at this frequency. Therefore, an EBG structure placed between two antenna devices can effectively improve the isolation between the two antenna devices. Common devices based on this principle also include: artificial magnetic conductors (AMCs), defective ground structures, frequency selective surfaces (FSSs), and metamaterials.

[0141] In millimeter-wave radar systems, three-dimensional waveguide antennas offer significant advantages over flat printed circuit board (PCB) antennas in terms of loss and broadband characteristics. The RF chip output line for PCB printed antennas is a microstrip line, which is the same as the antenna assembly's feed line. After the two are connected on the same layer, the signal is transmitted horizontally. In contrast, the RF chip waveguide outlet for waveguide antennas is a rectangular waveguide outlet, which must be vertically connected to the antenna assembly's waveguide feed port to achieve vertical signal transmission.

[0142] However, during engineering implementation, it is easy for installation deviation and gap to occur at the point where the waveguide outlet of the RF chip vertically connects with the waveguide feed of the antenna device, resulting in a significant deterioration of signal transmission performance or even failure, thereby causing low robustness of the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the waveguide feed of the antenna device.

[0143] Currently, an EBG unit with a mushroom-shaped structure or an EBG unit with a metal protrusion structure is often used to realize signal transmission from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed port of the antenna device.

[0144] Among them, the mushroom-shaped EBG unit is formed by PCB process. The EBG unit consists of a metal patch on the upper surface, a central metal hole and a metal floor. It is arranged strictly according to a certain period to achieve the function of blocking signal transmission. This structural form is mostly used between or around antenna arrays to achieve decoupling between antennas and improve isolation.

[0145] The EBG units of this metal protrusion structure are machined or molded. The EBG units are individual metal protrusions. The same EBG units are arranged periodically to achieve the function of blocking signal transmission. This structural form is mostly used in the design of waveguide feed networks and adapter side walls to improve the insertion loss, isolation and other performance of signal transmission.

[0146] However, the above-mentioned signal transfer structures used to realize the connection from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed of the antenna device are prone to installation deviation and gaps during engineering implementation, resulting in a significant deterioration of signal transmission performance or even failure, thereby resulting in low robustness of the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the waveguide feed of the antenna device.

[0147] In view of this, the present application provides a waveguide device and related products, relating to the field of millimeter wave radar technology, which can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems, realize the reliable transmission of signals from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed of the antenna device, and improve the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the waveguide feed of the antenna device.

[0148] The waveguide device and transceiver device provided in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0149] Please refer to FIG4 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0150] As shown in FIG4 , the waveguide device includes:

[0151] A first waveguide 101 and N electromagnetic bandgap elements (201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207).

[0152] Wherein, N is an integer greater than 0.

[0153] Exemplarily, in the waveguide device shown in FIG4 , N=7, and accordingly, the N electromagnetic bandgap units include 201 , 202 , 203 , 204 , 205 , 206 , and 207 .

[0154] It should be understood that N=7 here is only used as an exemplary description and should not be used to limit the embodiments of the present application. N can also be other integers greater than 0, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0155] For example, in the waveguide device shown in FIG4 , the N EBG units include a total of three different structural forms. EBG units 201 and 203 have the same structural form, EBG units 204 and 207 have the same structural form, and EBG units 202, 205, and 206 have the same structural form.

[0156] It should be understood that the three structural forms presented by the N electromagnetic band gap units here are only for exemplary description and should not be used to limit the embodiments of the present application. The N electromagnetic band gap units can also present other structural forms of different numbers, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0157] The first waveguide 101 is a structure for directionally guiding electromagnetic waves. The specific structural form of the first waveguide 101 is not limited in the embodiments of this application. The first waveguide 101 is primarily used as a microwave frequency transmission line, connecting microwave transmitters and receivers to their antennas in radars, communication satellites, and microwave radio link equipment. For example, when the waveguide device in the embodiments of this application is used in a radar, referring to FIG. 3 , the first waveguide 101 is used to connect the microwave transmitter integrated in the MMIC shown in FIG. 3 to the corresponding transmitting antenna, and the first waveguide 101 is used to connect the microwave receiver integrated in the MMIC shown in FIG. 3 to the corresponding receiving antenna, for microwave frequency transmission.

[0158] Signals are transmitted between the first waveguide and the antenna device. The N electromagnetic bandgap units are located between the first waveguide and the antenna device and are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which is used to block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device.

[0159] It can be understood that the structural schematic diagram of the waveguide device shown in Figure 4 can be regarded as a top view of the waveguide device, and its corresponding three-dimensional structure can be specifically referred to Figure 5A, which is a three-dimensional stereoscopic diagram of a waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0160] As shown in FIG5A , (1) in FIG5A is a schematic diagram of the layered structure of the three-dimensional structure of the waveguide device, which is mainly divided into three layers: upper, middle and lower. The middle layer includes 7 electromagnetic band gap units (201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, 207), which respectively correspond to the 7 electromagnetic band gap units in FIG4 . The lower layer includes a single-channel ridge waveguide 111 on the RF chip side, which corresponds to the first waveguide 101 in FIG4 . The upper layer includes a single-channel rectangular cross-section waveguide 112 on the antenna device side. The 7 electromagnetic band gap units are located between the ridge waveguide 111 on the RF chip side and the rectangular cross-section waveguide 112 on the antenna device side, and are non-periodically arranged around the ridge waveguide port on the RF chip side and / or the rectangular cross-section waveguide port on the antenna device side, forming an electromagnetic stop band for blocking the signal transmitted in the ridge waveguide on the RF chip side from leaking at the connection between the ridge waveguide port on the RF chip side and the rectangular cross-section waveguide port on the antenna device side.

[0161] In the waveguide device shown in (1) in FIG5A , the RF signal is transmitted from the ridge waveguide port of the RF chip to the rectangular cross-section waveguide on the antenna device side after passing through the electromagnetic stop band formed by 7 non-periodically arranged electromagnetic band gap units. This can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance caused by the installation deviation and gap between the ridge waveguide port on the RF chip side and the rectangular cross-section waveguide port on the antenna device side, realize reliable transmission of the signal from the RF chip waveguide port to the waveguide feed port of the antenna device, and improve the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the RF chip waveguide port and the antenna device waveguide feed port.

[0162] It can be understood that after installing the various layered structures shown in (1) in Figure 5A, a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the waveguide device shown in (2) in Figure 5A can be obtained. This combined structure can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance caused by the installation deviation and gap between the ridge waveguide port on the RF chip side and the rectangular cross-section waveguide port on the antenna device side.

[0163] It can be understood that the waveguide device shown in Figures 4 and 5A above can be applied to millimeter wave radars or millimeter wave radar systems including but not limited to those shown in Figures 1 to 3 above.

[0164] For details, please refer to FIG5B , which is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0165] As shown in FIG5B , it is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single channel of a millimeter-wave radar or a millimeter-wave radar system in which the waveguide device shown in FIG4 and FIG5A is applied to the millimeter-wave radar or the millimeter-wave radar system.

[0166] The structure of this single channel mainly includes an RF chip 10, a chip waveguide cavity 20, a PCB board 40, a PCB transition waveguide cavity 30, an electromagnetic resistance band 50, a waveguide feeder cavity 60 of the antenna device, and an antenna cavity 70 of the antenna device. It can be understood that the electromagnetic resistance band 50 in Figure 5B includes the N electromagnetic bandgap units in the waveguide device shown in Figures 4 and 5A above.

[0167] The RF chip 10 and the chip waveguide cavity 20 can be considered as a whole, and the chip waveguide cavity 20 can be considered as a waveguide cavity within the RF chip 10. The PCB board 40 and the PCB transition waveguide cavity 30 can be considered as a whole, and the PCB transition waveguide cavity 30 can be considered as a waveguide cavity within the PCB board 40.

[0168] The chip waveguide cavity 20, PCB transition waveguide cavity 30, electromagnetic resistance strip 50, antenna assembly waveguide feeder cavity 60, and antenna assembly antenna cavity 70 are sequentially connected to form a single channel of a millimeter-wave radar or millimeter-wave radar system. The signal from the RF chip 10 is output from the chip waveguide cavity 20, passes through the PCB transition waveguide cavity 30 and electromagnetic resistance strip 50, reaches the antenna assembly, enters the antenna assembly through the antenna assembly waveguide feeder cavity 60, and is emitted from the antenna assembly antenna cavity 70.

[0169] Optionally, the chip waveguide cavity 20 and the PCB transition waveguide cavity 30 can also be regarded as a whole, that is, the waveguide cavity on the side of the RF chip 10. The electromagnetic resistance band 50 is located between the waveguide cavity on the side of the RF chip 10 (that is, the above-mentioned first waveguide) and the antenna device, and is used to transmit the signal in the waveguide cavity on the side of the RF chip 10 to the antenna device, and to block the signal transmitted in the waveguide cavity on the side of the RF chip 10 from leaking at the connection between the waveguide cavity on the side of the RF chip 10 and the antenna device, so as to achieve reliable transmission of the signal from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed of the antenna device.

[0170] Currently, the waveguide outlet of RF chips adapted for waveguide antennas is a rectangular waveguide outlet. This outlet must be vertically aligned with the waveguide feed of the antenna assembly to achieve vertical signal transmission. This vertical alignment is prone to installation misalignment and gaps during engineering implementation, significantly degrading or even failing signal transmission performance. This results in low robustness between the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna assembly waveguide feed.

[0171] In the embodiment of the present application, by arranging N electromagnetic bandgap units between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and non-periodically arranging them around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic resistance band, the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps can be solved, and reliable transmission of signals from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed of the antenna device can be achieved, thereby improving the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the waveguide feed of the antenna device.

[0172] Regarding how the N electromagnetic bandgap units in the above waveguide device are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide, several possible examples are given below:

[0173] Example 1:

[0174] Among the N electromagnetic bandgap units, two adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units have different cross-sectional shapes.

[0175] Optionally, the cross section of the two adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units may be a cross section perpendicular to the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide, or a cross section parallel to the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0176] With reference to the waveguide device shown in FIG4 , it can be seen that, among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the adjacent electromagnetic band gap unit 201 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 202 have different cross-sectional shapes, the adjacent electromagnetic band gap unit 204 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 205 have different cross-sectional shapes, and the adjacent electromagnetic band gap unit 203 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 207 have different cross-sectional shapes, and so on, which are not enumerated here one by one.

[0177] With reference to the waveguide device shown in FIG6A , it can be seen that among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the adjacent electromagnetic band gap unit 601 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 602 have different cross-sectional shapes, the adjacent electromagnetic band gap unit 604 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 605 have different cross-sectional shapes, and the adjacent electromagnetic band gap unit 603 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 607 have different cross-sectional shapes, and so on, which are not enumerated here one by one.

[0178] In conjunction with the waveguide device shown in FIG6B , it can be seen that among the N electromagnetic band gap units, adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 608 and 609 have different cross-sectional shapes, adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 612 and 613 have different cross-sectional shapes, and adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 610 and 616 have different cross-sectional shapes, and so on, which are not enumerated here one by one.

[0179] In combination with the waveguide device shown in Figure 6C, it can be seen that among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the adjacent electromagnetic band gap unit 617 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 618 have different cross-sectional shapes, the adjacent electromagnetic band gap unit 621 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 622 have different cross-sectional shapes, and the adjacent electromagnetic band gap unit 620 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 625 have different cross-sectional shapes, and so on. The examples are not listed here one by one.

[0180] It can be understood that in this example one, the cross-sectional shapes of two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units are different. The N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0181] Example 2:

[0182] The N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner.

[0183] Optionally, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner on a plane perpendicular to the signal transmission direction in the first waveguide.

[0184] With reference to the waveguide device shown in FIG. 4 , it can be seen that the electromagnetic bandgap units 201 , 202 , 204 , 205 and the electromagnetic bandgap units 203 , 202 , 207 , 206 are mirror-symmetric about the dotted line 301 .

[0185] As can be seen from the waveguide device shown in FIG. 6A , the electromagnetic bandgap units 601 , 602 , 604 , and 605 and the electromagnetic bandgap units 603 , 602 , 607 , and 606 are mirror-symmetric about the dotted line 301 .

[0186] As can be seen from the waveguide device shown in FIG. 6B , the electromagnetic bandgap units 608 , 609 , 611 , 612 , and 613 and the electromagnetic bandgap units 610 , 609 , 616 , 615 , and 614 are mirror-symmetric about the dotted line 301 .

[0187] As can be seen from the waveguide device shown in FIG. 6C , the electromagnetic bandgap units 617 , 618 , 621 , 622 , and 623 and the electromagnetic bandgap units 620 , 619 , 625 , 624 , and 623 are mirror-symmetric about the dotted line 301 .

[0188] It can be understood that in this example 2, the N electromagnetic band gap units are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner, and the N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0189] Example 3:

[0190] Among the N electromagnetic bandgap units, there are two groups of adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units with different spacings.

[0191] Optionally, the spacing between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units can be understood as the spacing between the center points of the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units, or can be understood as the spacing between the edges of the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units (i.e., the closest margin), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0192] With reference to the waveguide device shown in FIG4 , it can be seen that among the N electromagnetic band gap units, there are adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 201 and electromagnetic band gap units 202, and adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 204 and electromagnetic band gap units 205, and the spacings between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units are different; there are also adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 205 and electromagnetic band gap units 206, and adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 206 and electromagnetic band gap units 207, and the spacings between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units are different; there are also adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 206 and electromagnetic band gap units 207, and adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 207 and electromagnetic band gap units 203, and the spacings between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units are different, and so on, which are not enumerated here one by one.

[0193] With reference to the waveguide device shown in FIG6A , it can be seen that among the N electromagnetic band gap units, there are adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 601 and electromagnetic band gap units 602, and adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 604 and electromagnetic band gap units 605, and the spacings between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units are different; there are also adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 605 and electromagnetic band gap units 606, and adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 606 and electromagnetic band gap units 607, and the spacings between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units are different; there are also adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 606 and electromagnetic band gap units 607, and adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 607 and electromagnetic band gap units 603, and the spacings between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units are different, and so on, which are not enumerated here one by one.

[0194] In conjunction with the waveguide device shown in FIG6B , it can be seen that among the N electromagnetic band gap units, there are adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 608 and electromagnetic band gap units 609, and adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 612 and electromagnetic band gap units 613, and the spacing between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units is different; there are also adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 612 and electromagnetic band gap units 613, and adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 613 and electromagnetic band gap units 614, and the spacing between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units is different; there are also adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 615 and electromagnetic band gap units 616, and adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 616 and electromagnetic band gap units 610, and the spacing between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units is different, and so on, which are not enumerated here one by one.

[0195] In conjunction with the waveguide device shown in FIG6C , it can be seen that among the N electromagnetic band gap units, there are adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 617 and electromagnetic band gap units 618, as well as adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 621 and electromagnetic band gap units 622, and the spacing between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units is different; there are also adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 621 and electromagnetic band gap units 622, as well as adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 622 and electromagnetic band gap units 623, and the spacing between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units is different; there are also adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 624 and electromagnetic band gap units 625, as well as adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 625 and electromagnetic band gap units 620, and the spacing between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units is different, and so on, which are not enumerated here one by one.

[0196] It can be understood that in this example three, there are two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units with different spacing among the N electromagnetic band gap units. The N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0197] Example 4:

[0198] The N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged in a rectangular shape around the first waveguide.

[0199] Optionally, the N electromagnetic bandgap units can also be arranged around the first waveguide in a square, circle, ellipse or other shape, as long as they are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0200] In conjunction with the waveguide device shown in FIG4 , it can be seen that the electromagnetic bandgap units 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 206, and 207 are arranged in a rectangular manner around the first waveguide. The N electromagnetic bandgap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can prevent the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0201] In conjunction with the waveguide device shown in Figure 6A, it can be seen that the electromagnetic bandgap units 601, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, and 607 are arranged in a rectangular shape around the first waveguide. The N electromagnetic bandgap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0202] In conjunction with the waveguide device shown in Figure 6B, it can be seen that the electromagnetic bandgap units 608, 609, 610, 611, 612, 613, 614, 615, and 616 are arranged in a rectangular shape around the first waveguide. The N electromagnetic bandgap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0203] In combination with the waveguide device shown in Figure 6C, it can be seen that the electromagnetic band gap units 617, 618, 619, 620, 621, 622, 623, 624, and 625 are arranged in a rectangular shape around the first waveguide. The N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0204] Example 5:

[0205] Among the N electromagnetic bandgap units, two adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units have different cross-sectional areas.

[0206] Optionally, the cross section of the two adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units may be a cross section perpendicular to the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide, or a cross section parallel to the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0207] With reference to the waveguide device shown in FIG4 , it can be seen that, among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the cross-sectional areas of the adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 201 and 202 are different, the cross-sectional areas of the adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 201 and 204 are different, and the cross-sectional areas of the adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 206 and 207 are different, and so on. These examples are not listed here one by one.

[0208] With reference to the waveguide device shown in FIG6A , it can be seen that, among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the cross-sectional areas of the adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 601 and 602 are different, the cross-sectional areas of the adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 601 and 604 are different, and the cross-sectional areas of the adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 606 and 607 are different, and so on. These are not listed here one by one.

[0209] In conjunction with the waveguide device shown in FIG6B , it can be seen that among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the cross-sectional areas of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 608 and 609 are different, the cross-sectional areas of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 608 and 611 are different, and the cross-sectional areas of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 614 and 615 are different, and so on. These examples are not listed here one by one.

[0210] In combination with the waveguide device shown in FIG6C , it can be seen that among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the cross-sectional areas of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 617 and 618 are different, the cross-sectional areas of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 617 and 621 are different, and the cross-sectional areas of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 624 and 625 are different, and so on. These are not listed here one by one.

[0211] It can be understood that in this example five, the cross-sectional areas of two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units are different. The N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0212] Example 6:

[0213] The N electromagnetic bandgap units are rectangular convex structures with cut corners.

[0214] As can be seen from the waveguide device shown in FIG4 , the electromagnetic bandgap units 201 , 203 , 204 , and 207 among the N electromagnetic bandgap units are all rectangular truncated corner protrusion structures.

[0215] Optionally, the N electromagnetic band gap units can be a raised structure with a single rectangular cut corner, or a raised structure with multiple rectangular cut corners, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. When the electromagnetic band gap unit has only one rectangular cut corner, it can be any one of the upper left cut corner, upper right cut corner, lower left cut corner, and lower right cut corner of the rectangle, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this. For example, the electromagnetic band gap unit 201 in Figure 4 is a raised structure with a rectangular upper left cut corner, the electromagnetic band gap unit 203 in Figure 4 is a raised structure with a rectangular upper right cut corner, the electromagnetic band gap unit 204 in Figure 4 is a raised structure with a rectangular lower left cut corner, and the electromagnetic band gap unit 207 in Figure 4 is a raised structure with a rectangular lower right cut corner. When the electromagnetic band gap unit has multiple rectangular cut corners, any two or more of the upper left cut corner, upper right cut corner, lower left cut corner, and lower right cut corner of the rectangle can exist simultaneously, and this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0216] As can be seen from the waveguide device shown in FIG6A , the EBG unit 604 in FIG6A is a rectangular convex structure with a lower left corner cut off, and the EBG unit 607 in FIG6A is a rectangular convex structure with a lower right corner cut off.

[0217] As can be seen from the waveguide device shown in FIG6B , the EBG unit 608 in FIG6B is a rectangular convex structure with a cut-off upper left corner, and the EBG unit 610 in FIG6B is a rectangular convex structure with a cut-off upper right corner.

[0218] As can be seen from the waveguide device shown in FIG6C , the EBG unit 617 in FIG6C is a rectangular convex structure with a cut-off upper left corner, and the EBG unit 620 in FIG6C is a rectangular convex structure with a cut-off upper right corner.

[0219] Optionally, the N electromagnetic bandgap units may also be square, circular, elliptical or other shaped chamfered protrusion structures, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0220] Optionally, the N electromagnetic bandgap units may also be rectangular, square, circular, elliptical or other chamfered protrusion structures with certain rounded corners, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0221] It can be understood that in this example six, the N electromagnetic band gap units are rectangular cut-corner protrusion structures, and the N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic resistance band, which can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0222] Example 7:

[0223] The distances between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units in the N electromagnetic bandgap units are the same.

[0224] Optionally, the spacing between the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units can be understood as the spacing between the center points of the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units, or can be understood as the spacing between the edges of the two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units (i.e., the closest margin), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0225] It can be understood that when the cross-sectional shapes of two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units are different, or when the N electromagnetic band gap units are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner, or when the cross-sectional areas of two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units are different, or when the N electromagnetic band gap units are rectangular cut-corner protrusion structures, the spacing between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units is the same, and they can also be non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide to form an electromagnetic stop band, which can prevent the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0226] In conjunction with the waveguide device shown in FIG4 , it can be seen that, when adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 201 and 202 have different cross-sectional shapes among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the spacing between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units (the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 204 and 205, and the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 207 and 206) are the same, which can satisfy the requirement of being non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide. Alternatively, if the EBG elements 201, 202, 204, and 205 and the EBG elements 203, 202, 207, and 206 in the N EBG elements are mirror-symmetric about the dotted line 301, the spacing between two adjacent EBG elements in the N EBG elements (the spacing between adjacent EBG elements 204 and 205, and the spacing between adjacent EBG elements 207 and 206) is the same, thereby satisfying the requirement of non-periodic arrangement around the first waveguide. Alternatively, if the cross-sectional areas of adjacent EBG elements 201 and 202 in the N EBG elements are different, the spacing between two adjacent EBG elements in the N EBG elements (the spacing between adjacent EBG elements 204 and 205, and the spacing between adjacent EBG elements 207 and 206) is the same, thereby satisfying the requirement of non-periodic arrangement around the first waveguide. Alternatively, when the electromagnetic band gap units 201, 203, 204, and 207 among the N electromagnetic band gap units are all rectangular cut-corner protrusion structures, the spacing between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units (the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 204 and 205, and the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 207 and 206) are the same, which can meet the requirements of being non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide, and so on. The examples are not exhaustive here.

[0227] In conjunction with the waveguide device shown in FIG6A , it can be seen that, when adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 601 and 602 have different cross-sectional shapes among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the spacing between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units (the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 604 and 605, and the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 607 and 606) are the same, which can satisfy the requirement of being non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide. Alternatively, if the EBG elements 601, 602, 604, and 605 and the EBG elements 603, 602, 607, and 606 in the N EBG elements are mirror-symmetric about the dotted line 301, the spacing between two adjacent EBG elements in the N EBG elements (the spacing between adjacent EBG elements 604 and 605, and the spacing between adjacent EBG elements 607 and 606) is the same, thereby satisfying the requirement of non-periodic arrangement around the first waveguide. Alternatively, if the cross-sectional areas of adjacent EBG elements 601 and 602 in the N EBG elements are different, the spacing between two adjacent EBG elements in the N EBG elements (the spacing between adjacent EBG elements 604 and 605, and the spacing between adjacent EBG elements 607 and 606) is the same, thereby satisfying the requirement of non-periodic arrangement around the first waveguide. Alternatively, when the electromagnetic band gap units 604 and 607 among the N electromagnetic band gap units are both rectangular corner-cut protrusion structures, the spacing between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units (the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 604 and 605, and the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 607 and 606) are the same, which can satisfy the requirement of being non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide, and so on. The examples are not exhaustive here.

[0228] In conjunction with the waveguide device shown in FIG6B , it can be seen that, when adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 608 and 609 have different cross-sectional shapes among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the spacing between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units (the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 612 and 613, and the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 615 and 614) are the same, which can satisfy the requirement of being non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide. Alternatively, when the electromagnetic band gap units 608, 609, 611, 612, and 613 and the electromagnetic band gap units 610, 609, 616, 615, and 614 among the N electromagnetic band gap units are mirror-symmetric about the dotted line 301, the spacing between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units (the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 612 and 613, and the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 615 and 614) are the same, which can satisfy the requirement of being non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide. Alternatively, if adjacent EBG units 608 and EBG units 609 have different cross-sectional areas among the N EBG units, the spacing between two adjacent EBG units among the N EBG units (the spacing between adjacent EBG units 612 and 613, and the spacing between adjacent EBG units 615 and 614) is the same, thereby satisfying the requirement of non-periodic arrangement around the first waveguide. Alternatively, if both EBG units 608 and 610 among the N EBG units are rectangular chamfered protrusions, the spacing between two adjacent EBG units among the N EBG units (the spacing between adjacent EBG units 612 and 613, and the spacing between adjacent EBG units 615 and 614) is the same, thereby satisfying the requirement of non-periodic arrangement around the first waveguide. Examples of the above are not exhaustive.

[0229] In conjunction with the waveguide device shown in FIG6C , it can be seen that when adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 617 and 618 have different cross-sectional shapes among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the spacing between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units (the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 621 and 622, and the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 625 and 624) are the same, which can satisfy the requirement of being non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide. Alternatively, when the electromagnetic band gap units 617, 618, 621, 622, and 623 and the electromagnetic band gap units 620, 619, 625, 624, and 623 among the N electromagnetic band gap units are mirror-symmetric about the dotted line 301, the spacing between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units (the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 621 and 622, and the spacing between adjacent electromagnetic band gap units 625 and 624) are the same, which can satisfy the requirement of being non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide. Alternatively, if adjacent EBG units 617 and EBG units 618 have different cross-sectional areas among the N EBG units, the spacing between two adjacent EBG units among the N EBG units (the spacing between adjacent EBG units 621 and 622, and the spacing between adjacent EBG units 625 and 624) is the same, thereby satisfying the requirement of non-periodic arrangement around the first waveguide. Alternatively, if both EBG units 617 and 620 among the N EBG units are rectangular corner-cut protrusion structures, the spacing between two adjacent EBG units among the N EBG units (the spacing between adjacent EBG units 621 and 622, and the spacing between adjacent EBG units 625 and 624) is the same, thereby satisfying the requirement of non-periodic arrangement around the first waveguide. Examples of the above are not exhaustive.

[0230] It should be understood that the examples listed above (Examples 1 to 7) are only possible situations in which N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide, and should not be used to limit the embodiments of the present application. Other possible situations in which N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide obtained based on reasonable variations, combinations or supplements of the above examples (Examples 1 to 7) all fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application.

[0231] In a possible embodiment, the N electromagnetic band gap units have the same length along the first direction.

[0232] The first direction is the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide.

[0233] Optionally, in combination with the above Figure 5B, it can be seen that the first direction is the transmission direction in which the signal of the RF chip 10 is output from the chip waveguide cavity 20, passes through the PCB transition waveguide cavity 30 and the electromagnetic resistance band 50 in sequence to reach the antenna device side.

[0234] It can be understood that the N electromagnetic bandgap units have equal heights in the first direction and constitute an electromagnetic stop band to prevent the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device.

[0235] In a possible embodiment, at least two electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units have different lengths along the second direction.

[0236] The second direction is perpendicular to the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide.

[0237] Optionally, in combination with Figures 4 and 5B above, it can be seen that the structural schematic diagram of the waveguide device shown in Figure 4 can be regarded as a top view of the waveguide device, and the electromagnetic resistance band 50 in Figure 5B can be regarded as a main view of the N electromagnetic band gap units in the waveguide device shown in Figure 4 above, and the second direction is perpendicular to the direction of signal transmission in the first waveguide, that is, the second direction is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the signal of the RF chip 10 output from the chip waveguide cavity 20, passing through the PCB transition waveguide cavity 30 and the electromagnetic resistance band 50 in sequence to reach the antenna device side. Therefore, the second direction can be any direction within the plane formed by the x-axis and y-axis in Figure 4.

[0238] For example, when the second direction is the x-axis direction in FIG4 , among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the electromagnetic band gap unit 201 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 202 have different lengths along the second direction, and the electromagnetic band gap unit 201 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 204 have different lengths along the second direction, and so on, which are not enumerated here one by one.

[0239] For example, when the second direction is the y-axis direction in FIG4 , among the N electromagnetic band gap units, the electromagnetic band gap unit 204 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 205 have different lengths along the second direction, and the electromagnetic band gap unit 204 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 201 have different lengths along the second direction, and so on, which are not enumerated here one by one.

[0240] It is understandable that at least two of the N electromagnetic bandgap units have unequal lengths, forming an electromagnetic stop band to solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0241] In a possible embodiment, the edge spacing between any two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units satisfies the following condition: 0.15λ≤a≤0.3λ.

[0242] Wherein, a is the edge distance between any two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the first waveguide.

[0243] Optionally, the edge distance between any two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units may be understood as the distance between the closest edges of the any two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units.

[0244] Optionally, in combination with FIG4 above, it can be seen that the edge spacing a between the electromagnetic band gap unit 201 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 204 in the N electromagnetic band gap units satisfies the above conditions, the edge spacing a between the electromagnetic band gap unit 204 and the electromagnetic band gap unit 205 in the N electromagnetic band gap units also satisfies the above conditions, and so on, which are not enumerated here one by one.

[0245] It can be understood that the edge spacing between any two adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units among the N electromagnetic bandgap units satisfies 0.15λ to 0.3λ, forming an electromagnetic stop band to block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device.

[0246] In a possible embodiment, the first waveguide is a ridge waveguide.

[0247] Furthermore, the first waveguide is a ridge waveguide of the RF chip, and the RF signal is transmitted from the ridge waveguide port of the RF chip (i.e., the first waveguide port) through N non-periodically arranged electromagnetic band gap units to the antenna device, thereby realizing reliable transmission of the signal from the ridge waveguide port of the RF chip to the waveguide feed port of the antenna device, thereby improving the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the ridge waveguide port of the RF chip and the waveguide feed port of the antenna device.

[0248] In a possible embodiment, the N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged on the antenna device side or the first waveguide side.

[0249] Please refer to FIG. 5C for details, which is a schematic diagram of the installation surface of a waveguide device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0250] As shown in FIG5C , the electromagnetic resistance band 50 (i.e., N electromagnetic bandgap units) is located between the antenna device 60 and the first waveguide 20. It is understood that the electromagnetic resistance band 50 (i.e., N electromagnetic bandgap units) in FIG5C can be regarded as a front view corresponding to the N electromagnetic bandgap units in the waveguide device shown in FIG4 and FIG5A above.

[0251] Optionally, the antenna device 60 in FIG. 5C may specifically include a waveguide feeder cavity and an antenna cavity, and the waveguide feeder cavity of the antenna device is connected to the electromagnetic resistance band 50 .

[0252] Optionally, the first waveguide 20 in Figure 5C can be understood as a waveguide on the RF chip side, specifically the chip waveguide cavity of the RF chip, or a waveguide channel composed of the chip waveguide cavity of the RF chip and the transition waveguide cavity in the PCB board. The embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0253] As can be seen from FIG5C , the electromagnetic resistance band 50 can be arranged on the mounting surface 1 , that is, on the RF chip side, or on the mounting surface 2 , that is, on the antenna device side. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0254] It can be understood that as long as the N electromagnetic band gap units in the waveguide device are located between the first waveguide and the antenna device and satisfy the non-periodic arrangement to form an electromagnetic stop band, the N electromagnetic band gap units in the waveguide device can be set on the antenna device side or on the first waveguide side (i.e., the RF chip side), and both can block the signal transmitted in the first waveguide from leaking at the connection between the first waveguide and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0255] Please refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present application. It is understandable that the transceiver in the embodiment of the present application can be regarded as a reasonable variation or supplement of the embodiment in Figure 4 or Figure 5A above; or, it is understandable that the transceiver in the embodiment of the present application can also be regarded as an embodiment that can be executed independently, and the present application does not limit this. The transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to millimeter-wave radars or millimeter-wave radar systems including but not limited to those shown in Figures 1 to 3 above. It is understandable that the schematic diagram of the structure of the transceiver shown in Figure 7 can be regarded as a top view of the transceiver.

[0256] It should be understood that a transceiver device can also be obtained based on reasonable deformation or supplementation of the embodiments in Figures 6A to 6C above, and its principle is similar to the principle of the transceiver device in Figure 7 obtained based on reasonable deformation or supplementation of the embodiment in Figures 4 or 5A above. Therefore, this application only uses the transceiver device in Figure 7 obtained by reasonable deformation or supplementation of the embodiment in Figures 4 or 5A above as an example for explanation, and will not elaborate on the transceiver device obtained based on reasonable deformation or supplementation of the embodiment in Figures 6A to 6C above. However, the transceiver device obtained based on reasonable deformation or supplementation of the embodiment in Figures 6A to 6C above also falls within the protection scope of this application.

[0257] As shown in FIG7 , the transceiver device includes M waveguide devices as shown in FIG4 above.

[0258] Wherein, M is an integer greater than 1.

[0259] For example, in the transceiver shown in FIG7 , M=8, and accordingly, the transceiver includes 8 waveguide devices (701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 708), each of which includes a first waveguide and N electromagnetic bandgap units. The positional structural relationship between the N electromagnetic bandgap units and the first waveguide can be found in the relevant description of FIG4 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0260] It should be understood that M=8 here is only used as an exemplary description and should not be used to limit the embodiments of the present application. M can also be other integers greater than 1, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0261] Optionally, the transceiver in the embodiment of the present application may be a multi-channel (i.e., multiple waveguide devices) switching structure formed by rotating, replicating, and translating the single channel (i.e., a single waveguide device) shown in FIG. 4 above.

[0262] For example, in the transceiver shown in FIG7 , the waveguide devices 701, 702, 703, and 704 are obtained by replicating and translating the waveguide device shown in FIG4 as a whole, and the waveguide devices 705, 706, 707, and 708 are obtained by mirroring the electromagnetic bandgap unit in the waveguide device shown in FIG4 about the x-axis and then replicating and translating the whole.

[0263] It should be understood that the method of obtaining the eight waveguide devices in the transceiver device through operations such as mirror symmetry, copy translation, etc. is only for illustrative purposes and should not be used to limit the embodiments of the present application. The transceiver devices obtained based on including but not limited to the above operations or reasonable modifications, supplements or combinations of the above operations all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0264] Similar to the application scenario shown in the above-mentioned waveguide device shown in FIG4 , the transceiver device in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to the multi-channel structure of the millimeter-wave radar or the millimeter-wave radar system. Specifically, the transceiver device is arranged between the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the antenna device, and is non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to form an electromagnetic resistance band to prevent the signal transmitted in the waveguide of the RF chip from leaking at the connection between the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device, thereby realizing reliable transmission of the signal from the RF chip waveguide outlet to the waveguide feed of the antenna device, solving the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps, and improving the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device waveguide feed.

[0265] Regarding how the M waveguide devices in the above transceiver device are non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip, several possible examples are given below:

[0266] Example 1:

[0267] The M waveguide devices are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner.

[0268] Optionally, the M waveguide devices are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner on a plane perpendicular to the signal transmission direction in the waveguide cavity of the radio frequency chip.

[0269] With reference to the transceiver shown in FIG. 7 , it can be seen that the waveguide devices 701 , 703 , 705 , 707 and the waveguide devices 702 , 704 , 706 , 708 are mirror-symmetric about the dotted line 709 .

[0270] It can be understood that in this example one, the M waveguide devices are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner. The M waveguide devices are non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to form an electromagnetic resistance band, which can block the signal transmitted in the waveguide cavity of the RF chip from leaking at the connection between the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0271] Example 2:

[0272] The center points of the M waveguide devices are not on a straight line.

[0273] In combination with the transceiver shown in Figure 7, it can be seen that the center points of the waveguide devices 701, 703, 705, and 707 are not on a straight line, the center points of the waveguide devices 702, 704, 706, and 708 are not on a straight line, and the center points of the waveguide devices 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, and 708 are not on a straight line.

[0274] It can be understood that in this example 2, the center points of the M waveguide devices are not on a straight line. The M waveguide devices are non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to form an electromagnetic resistance band, which can block the signal transmitted in the waveguide cavity of the RF chip from leaking at the connection between the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0275] Example 3:

[0276] Among the M waveguide devices, two waveguide devices have different structures.

[0277] Optionally, the two waveguide devices with different structures may be waveguide devices obtained by subjecting the single waveguide device shown in FIG. 4 to operations such as overall mirror symmetry, rotation, replication, and translation.

[0278] As can be seen from the transceiver shown in FIG7 , waveguide device 701 and waveguide device 705 have different structures. Waveguide device 701 is obtained by replicating and translating the entire waveguide device shown in FIG4 , while waveguide device 705 is obtained by replicating and translating the electromagnetic bandgap unit in the waveguide device shown in FIG4 , mirror-symmetric about the x-axis. Waveguide devices 704 and 707 also have different structures, and so on. These are not exhaustive here.

[0279] Optionally, there may be three or more waveguide devices with different structures among the above-mentioned M waveguide devices, and this embodiment of the present application is not limited to this.

[0280] It can be understood that in this example three, there are two waveguide devices with different structures among the M waveguide devices. The M waveguide devices are non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to form an electromagnetic resistance band, which can block the signal transmitted in the waveguide cavity of the RF chip from leaking at the connection between the RF chip waveguide outlet and the antenna device, and can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0281] It should be understood that the examples listed above (Examples 1 to 3) are merely possible situations in which M waveguide devices are non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip, and should not be used to limit the embodiments of the present application. Other possible situations in which M waveguide devices are non-periodically arranged around the waveguide outlet of the RF chip based on reasonable modifications, combinations or supplements of the above examples (Examples 1 to 3) all fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application.

[0282] In a possible embodiment, the transceiver device further includes a frame.

[0283] The frame is arranged on the periphery of the M waveguide devices.

[0284] Optionally, the enclosure frame may be a metal enclosure frame.

[0285] Please refer to Figure 8A for details. Figure 8A is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present application. It is understandable that the transceiver in the embodiment of the present application can be regarded as a reasonable variation or supplement of the embodiment in Figure 4 or Figure 5A or Figure 7 above; or, it is understandable that the transceiver in the embodiment of the present application can also be regarded as an embodiment that can be executed independently, and the present application does not limit this. The transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to millimeter-wave radars or millimeter-wave radar systems including but not limited to those shown in Figures 1 to 3 above. It is understandable that the schematic diagram of the structure of the transceiver shown in Figure 8A can be regarded as a top view of the transceiver.

[0286] As shown in FIG8A , the transceiver further includes a frame 801 .

[0287] Among them, the transceiver device can refer to the relevant description of the transceiver device shown in Figure 7 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0288] The frame 801 is provided around the eight waveguide devices (waveguide devices 701 , 702 , 703 , 704 , 705 , 706 , 707 , and 708 ) in the transceiver.

[0289] Optionally, the enclosure frame may be a metal enclosure frame.

[0290] Through the embodiment of the present application, a frame is set along the periphery of M waveguide devices to form a cavity. The cavity can destroy the surface wave transmission conditions when there is a certain gap between the installation surfaces corresponding to the transceiver devices, thereby improving the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices) to solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0291] Optionally, the geometric center of the frame is the same as the geometric center of the M waveguide devices.

[0292] 8A , it can be seen that the geometric center of the frame 801 is the same as the geometric center of the eight waveguide devices ( 701 , 702 , 703 , 704 , 705 , 706 , 707 , 708 ).

[0293] The frame 801 can form a cavity, which destroys the surface wave transmission conditions when there is a certain gap between the installation surfaces corresponding to the transceiver devices, thereby improving the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices) to solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0294] Optionally, the length of the frame along the first direction is the same as the length of the waveguide device along the first direction.

[0295] The first direction is the direction of signal transmission in the waveguide device.

[0296] Optionally, in combination with the above Figure 5B, it can be seen that the first direction is the transmission direction in which the signal of the RF chip 10 is output from the chip waveguide cavity 20, passes through the PCB transition waveguide cavity 30 and the electromagnetic resistance band 50 in sequence to reach the antenna device side.

[0297] It can be understood that the length of the frame along the direction of signal transmission in the waveguide device is the same as the length of the waveguide device along the direction of signal transmission in the waveguide device. It can be understood that the frame is at the same height as the electromagnetic band gap units in the M waveguide devices to form a cavity. When there is a certain gap between the mounting surfaces corresponding to the transceiver devices, the surface wave transmission conditions are destroyed, and the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices) is improved to solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0298] Optionally, the frame is a continuous frame; or, the frame is a frame with one or more gaps.

[0299] When the frame is a continuous frame, please refer to the relevant description of the frame 801 in FIG. 8A , which will not be repeated here.

[0300] When the frame has one or more gaps, please refer to FIG. 8B and FIG. 8C for details. FIG. 8B and FIG. 8C are schematic structural diagrams of two transceiver devices provided in embodiments of the present application.

[0301] As shown in FIG. 8B , the frame 802 has four gaps, which are located at the top, bottom, left, and right of the frame 802 .

[0302] As shown in FIG8C , there are four gaps in the frame 803 , which are located at the upper left corner, upper right corner, lower left corner, and lower right corner of the frame 803 .

[0303] It can be understood that the frame in the above-mentioned transceiver can be a continuous frame (such as frame 801 in Figure 8A) or a frame with one or more gaps (such as frame 802 in Figure 8B or frame 803 in Figure 8C), and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0304] It can be understood that when the frame in the above-mentioned transceiver device is a frame with one or more gaps, the cavity formed therein must meet the transmission conditions of the surface wave destroyed when there is a certain gap between the mounting surface corresponding to the transceiver device, so as to improve the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices). As for the length, number, etc. of the gaps in the frame, the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0305] Optionally, the distance between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge satisfies the following condition: 0.25λ≤b≤0.5λ.

[0306] Wherein, b is the distance between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the waveguide device.

[0307] Optionally, the distance between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge can be understood as the closest margin distance between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge.

[0308] Optionally, in combination with Figure 8A above, it can be seen that the distance b between the inner wall of the frame 801 and the waveguide device 707 at the edge meets the above conditions, the distance b between the inner wall of the frame 801 and the waveguide device 708 at the edge also meets the above conditions, and so on, which are not listed here one by one.

[0309] It can be understood that the distance between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge is between 0.25λ and 0.5λ to form a cavity, which destroys the surface wave transmission conditions when there is a certain gap on the installation surface corresponding to the transceiver device, thereby improving the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices).

[0310] Please refer to Figure 9, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present application. It is understandable that the transceiver in the embodiment of the present application can be regarded as a reasonable variation or supplement of the embodiment in Figure 4 or Figure 5A or Figure 7 or Figure 8A to Figure 8C above; or, it is understandable that the transceiver in the embodiment of the present application can also be regarded as an embodiment that can be executed independently, and the present application does not limit this. The transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to, including but not limited to, the millimeter-wave radar or millimeter-wave radar system shown in Figures 1 to 3 above. It is understandable that the schematic diagram of the structure of the transceiver shown in Figure 9 can be regarded as a top view of the transceiver.

[0311] As shown in FIG9 , the transceiver device includes M waveguide devices as shown in FIG4 above.

[0312] Wherein, M is an integer greater than 1.

[0313] For example, in the transceiver shown in FIG9 , M=8. Accordingly, the transceiver includes eight waveguide devices ( 701, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, and 708 ). The positional structural relationship of these eight waveguide devices can be found in the description of FIG7 , and will not be repeated here. Furthermore, each of these waveguide devices includes a first waveguide and N electromagnetic bandgap units. The positional structural relationship of these N electromagnetic bandgap units and the first waveguide can be found in the description of FIG4 , and will not be repeated here.

[0314] The transceiver device further includes a frame 801 .

[0315] Correspondingly, the positional structural relationship of the frame 801 can be found in the relevant description of FIG. 8A above, which will not be repeated here.

[0316] Optionally, the frame 801 in the transceiver device may be replaced with the frame 802 in FIG. 8B or the frame 803 in FIG. 8C or a frame in another structural form, and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any limitation thereto.

[0317] Furthermore, in the transceiver, grooves (901, 902, 903, 904, 905) are further provided along the third direction.

[0318] The groove is located between two adjacent waveguide devices, and the third direction is parallel to the longer side of the cross section of the waveguide device in the first direction, where the first direction is the direction of signal transmission in the waveguide device.

[0319] Optionally, in combination with the above Figure 5B, it can be seen that the first direction is the transmission direction in which the signal of the RF chip 10 is output from the chip waveguide cavity 20, passes through the PCB transition waveguide cavity 30 and the electromagnetic resistance band 50 in sequence to reach the antenna device side.

[0320] It can be understood that in the transceiver device in the embodiment of the present application, a groove is arranged parallel to the longer side (i.e., the third direction) of the cross-section of the waveguide device in the signal transmission direction of the waveguide device, and the groove is located between two adjacent waveguide devices.

[0321] As can be seen from Figure 9, the groove 902 arranged along the third direction is located between adjacent waveguide devices 701 and 703, and between adjacent waveguide devices 702 and 704; the groove 903 arranged along the third direction is located between adjacent waveguide devices 703 and 705, and between adjacent waveguide devices 704 and 706; the groove 904 arranged along the third direction is located between adjacent waveguide devices 705 and 707, and between adjacent waveguide devices 706 and 708.

[0322] It can be understood that since the waveguide device is located between the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the antenna device, it is used to block the signal transmitted in the waveguide of the RF chip from leaking at the connection between the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the antenna device, and the above-mentioned groove is located between two adjacent waveguide devices. Therefore, the groove can be understood as a shallow groove structure (optionally, it can also be called a choke groove) that is sunken inward in the direction of the longer side of the waveguide feed of the antenna device, which can effectively block the surface current of the waveguide feed plane and improve the isolation between different channels (i.e., different waveguide devices).

[0323] It should be understood that the five grooves set in Figure 9 are only for exemplary purposes and should not be used to limit the embodiments of the present application. Setting more or fewer grooves according to the actual number of waveguide devices in the transceiver device falls within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0324] Optionally, the distance between the groove and the center point of the waveguide device satisfies the following condition: 0.2λ≤c≤0.3λ.

[0325] Wherein, c is the distance between the groove and the center point of the waveguide device, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the waveguide device.

[0326] It is understandable that the distance between the groove and the center point of the waveguide device satisfies 0.2λ to 0.3λ, which can effectively block the surface current of the waveguide feed plane and improve the isolation between different channels (ie different waveguide devices).

[0327] Optionally, the depth of the groove satisfies the following condition: 0.1λ≤d≤0.2λ.

[0328] Where d is the depth of the groove, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the waveguide device.

[0329] It can be understood that the depth of the groove satisfies the range of 0.1λ to 0.2λ, which can effectively block the surface current of the waveguide feed plane and improve the isolation between different channels (ie, different waveguide devices).

[0330] Please refer to Figure 10A, which is a three-dimensional stereoscopic diagram of a transceiver provided in an embodiment of the present application. It is understood that the transceiver in the embodiment of the present application can be regarded as a reasonable variation or supplement of the embodiment in Figure 4 or Figure 5A or Figure 7 or Figures 8A to 8C or Figure 9 above; or, it is understood that the transceiver in the embodiment of the present application can also be regarded as an embodiment that can be executed independently, and this application does not limit this. The transceiver provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to, including but not limited to, the millimeter-wave radar or millimeter-wave radar system shown in Figures 1 to 3 above.

[0331] As shown in FIG10A , (1) in FIG10A is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transceiver, which is mainly divided into three layers: upper, middle, and lower. The lower layer includes 8 ridge waveguides. The middle layer includes 8 electromagnetic band gap EBG stopbands (each EBG stopband includes N EBG units, which can be specifically referred to as the N EBG units in the waveguide device shown in FIG4 or FIG6A or FIG6B or FIG6C above) and 1 metal frame; wherein, the positional structural relationship of the 8 electromagnetic band gaps can refer to the relevant description of the transceiver shown in FIG7 above, which will not be repeated here, and the positional structural relationship of the 1 metal frame can refer to the relevant description of the transceiver shown in FIG8A to FIG8C above, which will not be repeated here. The upper layer includes 5 choke slots, 8 rectangular waveguides, and a metal body; wherein, the positional structural relationship of the 5 choke slots can refer to the relevant description of the transceiver shown in FIG9 above, which will not be repeated here.

[0332] In the transceiver shown in (1) in FIG10A , the RF signal is transmitted from the ridge waveguide port of the RF chip through the non-periodic electromagnetic band gap and the metal frame layer to the rectangular cross-section waveguide, which can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance caused by installation deviation and gaps, and realize reliable transmission of the signal from the RF chip waveguide port to the antenna device waveguide feed port, thereby improving the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the RF chip waveguide port and the antenna device waveguide feed port.

[0333] It can be understood that after installing the various layered structures shown in (1) in Figure 10A, a schematic diagram of the combined structure of the transceiver shown in (2) in Figure 10A can be obtained. This combined structure can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps.

[0334] Please refer to Figure 10B, which is a plan view of a transceiver device provided in an embodiment of the present application. It is understood that Figure 10B (a) is a top view of the transceiver device shown in Figure 10A above, Figure 10B (b) is a front view of the transceiver device shown in Figure 10A above, and Figure 10B (c) is a side view of the transceiver device shown in Figure 10A above.

[0335] The following will combine Figures 11A to 11C and Figures 12A to 12C to further illustrate that the waveguide device and transceiver device provided in the present application can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps, realize reliable transmission of signals from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed of the antenna device, and improve the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the waveguide feed of the antenna device.

[0336] Please refer to FIG. 11A , which is a schematic diagram of a return loss effect provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0337] As shown in FIG11A , in the scenario simulating installation with a 0 mm gap in the Z direction, the return loss corresponding to the signal transmission from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed outlet of the antenna device is ≤-20 dB@76-81 GHz.

[0338] Please refer to FIG. 11B , which is a schematic diagram of an insertion loss effect provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0339] As shown in FIG11B , in the scenario simulating installation with a 0 mm gap in the Z direction, the insertion loss corresponding to the signal transmission from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed outlet of the antenna device is ≤0.15 dB@76-81 GHz.

[0340] Please refer to FIG. 11C , which is a schematic diagram of an isolation effect provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0341] As shown in FIG11C , in the scenario simulating installation with a 0 mm gap in the Z direction, the worst isolation corresponding to the signal transmission from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed port of the antenna device is ≥75 dB@76-81 GHz.

[0342] Please refer to FIG. 12A , which is a schematic diagram of an isolation effect provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0343] As shown in Figure 12A, the worst isolation curve corresponding to the 8-channel signal transmission from the RF chip waveguide outlet to the antenna device waveguide feed port in the scenario of using a single EBG structural design and a 0.3 mm gap installation in the Z direction is shown.

[0344] Please refer to FIG. 12B , which is a schematic diagram of an isolation effect provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0345] As shown in Figure 12B, the worst isolation curve corresponding to the 8-channel signal transmission from the RF chip waveguide outlet to the antenna device waveguide feed port in the scenario of using the EBG and choke slot structural design and 0.3mm Z-direction gap installation is shown.

[0346] Please refer to FIG. 12C , which is a schematic diagram of an isolation effect provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0347] As shown in Figure 12C, the worst isolation curve corresponding to the eight-channel signal transmission from the RF chip waveguide outlet to the antenna device waveguide feed port in the scenario of using the EBG, choke slot and metal frame structural design and 0.3mm Z-axis gap installation is shown.

[0348] It can be seen from Figures 12A to 12C above that after the introduction of the choke slot and the metal frame, the worst isolation corresponding to the channel signal transmission from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed port of the antenna device is improved from 19dB to 36dB.

[0349] From the effect diagrams of FIG. 11A to FIG. 11C and FIG. 12A to FIG. 12C , the following data can also be obtained:

[0350] This table shows the signal transfer performance from the RF chip waveguide outlet to the antenna assembly waveguide feed port under various horizontal and vertical deviation limits. It can be seen that even with a maximum installation deviation of 0.2mm (X + 0.2mm (Y + Z)), the channel performance from the RF chip waveguide outlet to the antenna assembly waveguide feed port still meets operational requirements.

[0351] In addition, in a possible embodiment, a method for preparing the waveguide device and / or transceiver device in the present application is also provided. The specific process of the preparation method is as follows:

[0352] Method 1: Plastic layered molds can be opened to obtain N electromagnetic band gap units, metal frames, and choke slots, and then electroplating is performed on the surface of each mold. Finally, layer brazing is performed to obtain a waveguide device and / or transceiver device including N electromagnetic band gap units, metal frames, and choke slots.

[0353] Among them, the process of plastic layered mold opening is as follows: the plastic is first heated and melted in the bottom of the injection molding machine, and then, pushed by the screw of the injection molding machine, enters the mold cavity through the injection molding machine nozzle and the mold pouring system. The plastic cools and hardens into shape, and the product is demolded to obtain the product.

[0354] Plastic electroplating is to cover the plastic surface with a metal layer to give it metallic properties. The specific process is: surface cleaning, solvent treatment, conditioning treatment, and sensitization.

[0355] Brazing refers to a method of joining metals by simultaneously heating a filler metal (a material below the melting point of the workpiece) and the workpiece to the filler metal's melting point. Liquid filler metal then fills the gap between the solid workpieces, creating a metallic connection. During brazing, the oxide film and oil stains on the contact surface of the parent metal must be removed to facilitate capillary action after the filler metal melts, increasing the filler metal's wettability and capillary flow.

[0356] Method 2: N electromagnetic band gap units, metal frames, and choke slots may also be machined in layers, and then the N electromagnetic band gap units, metal frames, and choke slots may be formed by welding to obtain a waveguide device and / or a transceiver device.

[0357] The waveguide device and / or transceiver device obtained by the above-mentioned preparation method can solve the problem of significant deterioration or even failure of signal transmission performance due to installation deviation and gaps, realize reliable transmission of signals from the waveguide outlet of the RF chip to the waveguide feed of the antenna device, and improve the signal transmission performance and the robustness of the waveguide outlet of the RF chip and the waveguide feed of the antenna device.

[0358] Illustratively, through the above-mentioned method for preparing the waveguide device, a waveguide device as shown in Figures 4, 5A, 6A to 6C and / or a transceiver as shown in any one of Figures 7, 8A to 8C, 9, and 10A and 10B can be obtained. The structural characteristics and functional characteristics of the waveguide device and the transceiver can be referred to the corresponding descriptions in Figures 4, 5A, 6A to 6C, 7, 8A to 8C, 9, and 10A and 10B, and will not be repeated here.

[0359] The present application provides a chip, which includes the waveguide device or transceiver device provided in the present application.

[0360] The present application provides a radar or radar system, which includes the waveguide device or transceiver device or the aforementioned chip provided in the present application. It should be noted that there may be smart sensors that integrate multiple sensors. If the smart sensor includes millimeter wave detection capabilities, the smart sensor may also be referred to as a millimeter wave radar or millimeter wave radar system.

[0361] This application provides a terminal device that includes a waveguide device or transceiver device provided herein. For example, the terminal device can be a transportation vehicle, such as a car, truck, aircraft, drone, slow-moving transport vehicle, spacecraft, or ship, used in any possible scenario. It can also be any device capable of carrying a detection device, such as surveying and mapping equipment. One or more waveguide devices or transceivers provided herein are deployed on the terminal device.

[0362] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A waveguide device, characterized in that: include: A first waveguide and N electromagnetic bandgap units, wherein N is an integer greater than 0; The N electromagnetic band gap units are located between the first waveguide and the antenna device. The N electromagnetic band gap units are non-periodically arranged around the first waveguide. Signals are transmitted between the first waveguide and the antenna device.

2. The waveguide device according to claim 1, characterized in that Among the N electromagnetic bandgap units, two adjacent electromagnetic bandgap units have different cross-sectional shapes.

3. The waveguide device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner.

4. The waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that Among the N electromagnetic band gap units, there are two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units with different spacings.

5. The waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged in a rectangular shape around the first waveguide.

6. The waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that Among the N electromagnetic band gap units, two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units have different cross-sectional areas.

7. The waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The N electromagnetic bandgap units are rectangular corner-cut convex structures.

8. The waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The intervals between two groups of adjacent electromagnetic band gap units in the N electromagnetic band gap units are the same.

9. The waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that There are three structural forms of the N electromagnetic bandgap units, and N=7.

10. The waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The N electromagnetic bandgap units have the same length along a first direction, where the first direction is a direction in which signals are transmitted in the first waveguide.

11. The waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that At least two of the N electromagnetic bandgap units have different lengths along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to a direction in which signals are transmitted in the first waveguide.

12. The waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that The edge spacing between any two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units satisfies the following condition: 0.15λ≤a≤0.3λ; Wherein, a is the edge distance between any two adjacent electromagnetic band gap units among the N electromagnetic band gap units, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the first waveguide.

13. The waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that The first waveguide is a ridge waveguide.

14. The waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that The N electromagnetic bandgap units are arranged on the antenna device side or the first waveguide side.

15. A transceiver, characterized in that: The method comprises M waveguide devices according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein M is an integer greater than 1.

16. The transceiver according to claim 15, characterized in that: The M waveguide devices are arranged non-periodically.

17. The transceiver according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that: The M waveguide devices are arranged in a mirror-symmetrical manner.

18. The transceiver device according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that: The center points of the M waveguide devices are not on a straight line.

19. The transceiver device according to any one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that: Among the M waveguide devices, two waveguide devices have different structures.

20. The transceiver device according to any one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that: The transceiver device further includes a surrounding frame, which is arranged at the periphery of the M waveguide devices.

21. The transceiver according to claim 20, characterized in that: The geometric center of the frame is the same as the geometric center of the M waveguide devices.

22. The transceiver according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that: The length of the surrounding frame along the first direction is the same as the length of the waveguide device along the first direction, and the first direction is the direction of signal transmission in the waveguide device.

23. The transceiver device according to any one of claims 20 to 22, characterized in that: The surrounding frame is a continuous surrounding frame; or, the surrounding frame is a surrounding frame with one or more gaps.

24. The transceiver device according to any one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that: The spacing between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge satisfies the following condition: 0.25λ≤b≤0.5λ; Wherein, b is the distance between the inner wall of the frame and the waveguide device at the edge, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the waveguide device.

25. The transceiver device according to any one of claims 15 to 24, characterized in that: Arranging a groove along a third direction, wherein the groove is located between two adjacent waveguide devices; The third direction is parallel to a longer side of a cross section of the waveguide device in a first direction, and the first direction is a direction of signal transmission in the waveguide device.

26. The transceiver device according to claim 25, characterized in that: The distance between the groove and the center point of the waveguide device satisfies the following condition: 0.2λ≤c≤0.3λ; Wherein, c is the distance between the groove and the center point of the waveguide device, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the waveguide device.

27. The transceiver according to claim 25 or 26, characterized in that: The depth of the groove satisfies the following condition: 0.1λ≤d≤0.2λ; Wherein, d is the depth of the groove, and λ is the vacuum wavelength of the electromagnetic wave transmitted in the waveguide device.

28. A radar, characterized in that: The radar comprises the waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or the transceiver according to any one of claims 15 to 27.

29. A terminal device, characterized in that: The terminal device comprises the waveguide device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, or the transceiver device according to any one of claims 15 to 27, or the radar according to claim 28.

30. A vehicle end, characterized in that: The vehicle end includes the waveguide device described in any one of claims 1 to 14, or the transceiver device described in any one of claims 15 to 27, or the radar described in claim 28, or the terminal equipment described in claim 29.

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