Demountable flooring with energy-efficient heating

Abstract

The proposed demountable flooring with energy-efficient heating comprises a set of wooden parts (1) of elongate rectangular shape, corresponding to the length of a row of flooring, and / or individual parts (1). In the transverse direction, each wooden part (1) has a row of through-holes (2) for mounting purposes, through which resilient elastic cords (3) are drawn, the free ends of which are fastened on two sides of the flooring to retaining members (4) in such a way as to be tensionable and lockable. Longitudinal surfaces or longitudinal and transverse surfaces of the wooden parts (1) are shaped to allow interlocking. In the transverse direction, each wooden part (1) has additional through-holes (5) that are arranged one on either side from the edge of the flooring, between the mounting holes (2), in a quantity that is a multiple of two, through which a self-regulating heating cable (6) is drawn, forming loops along the long sides of the outermost wooden parts. The ends of said cable (6) extend outwards for connection to a power supply.

Description

[0001] PREFABRICATED AND DISASSEMBLEABLE FLOORING WITH ENERGY-EFFICIENT HEATING

[0002] The invention relates to the field of woodworking industry and can be used in the production and installation of wooden flooring with electrical heating.

[0003] When manufacturing wooden flooring from parquet boards, it is important to increase its wear resistance while simultaneously maintaining its integrity and high decorative and artistic properties. The ability to easily replace damaged floor parts is also important. The cost-effectiveness of materials, speed and simplicity of the flooring installation process are of great importance.

[0004] There are known floor coverings containing profiled slats having a groove and a ridge on the longitudinal edges, which are secured to the base with nails, which are used to nail the slats to the base of the floor through a groove in the longitudinal side.

[0005] A parquet flooring is known in which tongue and groove parquet products are secured together using connecting elements, where elastic ribbed polyethylene dowels are used as connecting elements, which are inserted into profiled grooves in the ribs along the perimeter of the parquet product (patent for invention UA ​​No. 17629 A, IPC B27M 3 / 04, published 10 / 31 / 1997).

[0006] In such floorings, parquet planks are rigidly fixed to the base. Under the influence of changes in humidity and ambient temperature, significant internal stress occurs in parquet products, which leads to the appearance of bulges, deflections, cracks, which significantly worsen the appearance and strength of the parquet floor. Deformation of the planks with rigid fastening leads to creaking of the parquet.

[0007] A method of joining parquet planks of a floating floor is known, in which the planks are installed end-to-end along the length and fixed along the width with aluminum locks located transversely to the joints (patent CN No. 201125512 Y, IPC E04F 15 / 02, published 01.10.2008). However, with this method of laying the floor, gaps inevitably appear at the butt joints as a result of the expansion of the wood along the length under the influence of atmospheric fluctuations, as well as from the imposition of various loads on the floor surface - the planks are not fixed along the length.

[0008] CORRECTED SHEET (RULE 91) In addition, all these methods are labor-intensive and costly, since they require the use of additional materials.

[0009] A known floor covering consists of planks connected along the length with a tongue and groove joint, and along the width with the help of elements in the form of elastic cords (wires or springs) passed through through holes located on the side surfaces of the planks, after which the cords are fixed to ensure tension (patent CN No. 2191896 Y, IPC E04F 15 / 16, published 15.03.1995).

[0010] The described flooring can be easily rolled up for storage and movement. Such free rolling is possible due to the web stretching in width, since the side edges of the boards are smooth, not profiled for tongue-and-groove joints. However, the absence of such a joint does not ensure the solidity of the floor covering. Thus, as a result of atmospheric fluctuations and when different loads are applied to the floor surface, the planks bend, snap upward, cracks form between the joints, gaps, and chips.

[0011] A wide variety of flexible electric heater designs are used to create a warm floor.

[0012] There are known designs of heated floors that use self-regulating heating cables (Ukrainian patent No. 43521, IPC F24D 13 / 02, published on 08 / 25 / 2009, Ukrainian patent No. 143841, IPC F24D 13 / 02, F24D 3 / 12, published on 08 / 10 / 2020).

[0013] However, all of them are used in the same way as cable systems, only during construction work and are installed under the finished floor. Thus, creating a warm floor using flexible electric heaters is only possible during new construction or major repairs of the premises.

[0014] Known are heated floors containing a heating means located under the floor covering close to the surface, for example from electrically heated foil. PCT application WO 2006 / 076957, published 27.07.2006 describes a heating device that is built into the floor covering elements during their manufacture. However, installing a heated floor is quite labor-intensive and complicated, since it is necessary to connect the electric wires of the heating elements during the assembly of each part.

[0015] The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is the prefabricated and disassembled floor covering described in the Ukrainian patent “Method of connecting

[0016] CORRECTED SHEET (RULE 91) of parquet planks for stretch floors" No. 92357, IPC B27M 3 / 04, published 25.10.2010, containing a set of wooden planks made in the form of straight profiled parts connected by elastic cords pulled through through holes made in the side longitudinal surfaces of the planks, with subsequent tensioning and fixation. On the side longitudinal surfaces of each plank, a groove and a ridge are made, respectively, having a trapezoidal profile, and the ends are profiled for a locking connection. The lower and upper surfaces of the planks have the same finish.

[0017] The specified prefabricated and disassemblable flooring provides the monolithicity of the flooring, the absence of creaking under load, the possibility of repair without the use of additional materials. However, under the influence of large differences in humidity and ambient temperature, minor internal stresses are possible in the wooden planks of the flooring, which can lead to the appearance of bulges, deflections, cracks. In addition, having good aesthetic characteristics, the flooring does not provide comfortable operation in the cold season. The floor is cold.

[0018] These shortcomings are solved by the proposed technical solution.

[0019] The invention is based on the task of creating a collapsible and disassemblable energy-efficient floor covering, in which, by pulling a self-regulating heating cable through additional holes made on the longitudinal surfaces of wooden parts, an optimal temperature is maintained in the room, the floor covering is warm and does not dry out, and in combination with elastic tension cords, its solidity and high aesthetic properties are ensured.

[0020] The stated task is solved by the fact that in a collapsible floor covering with energy-efficient heating, containing a set of wooden parts of an elongated rectangular shape, in the transverse direction of each wooden part a number of through mounting holes are made, through which elastic flexible cords are pulled, the free ends of which are fixed on both sides of the flooring on holders with the possibility of tensioning and locking, according to the invention in each wooden part in the transverse direction additional through holes are made, located one on both sides from the edge of the flooring and between the mounting holes, in a quantity multiple of two, through which a self-regulating heating cable is pulled with the formation of loops along the perimeter of the flooring, the ends of which

[0021] CORRECTED SHEET (RULE 91) are brought out for connection to the power supply. The set consists of wooden parts commensurate with the length of the flooring row and / or individual wooden parts, with the longitudinal surfaces of the wooden parts profiled for a locking connection, and in the case of a set of a flooring row from individual wooden parts, the longitudinal and end surfaces are profiled for a locking connection.

[0022] The total power of the self-regulating heating cable is selected based on the area of ​​the floor covering.

[0023] The number of through holes for the self-regulating heating cable is selected based on the power of its linear meter and the specified room heating temperature.

[0024] The number of mounting holes on the longitudinal surfaces of wooden parts is determined based on their length.

[0025] Moreover, the locking connection on the longitudinal surfaces of wooden parts is made in the form of grooves and ridges, which have a U-shaped or trapezoidal profile.

[0026] To enable replacement of wooden parts in case of flooring repairs, the upper and lower surfaces of the wooden parts have the same finish.

[0027] The flooring consists of a set of wooden parts, such as tongue and groove boards, parquet, parquet boards or a combination of these.

[0028] Figure 1 schematically shows the general appearance of a prefabricated and disassembled floor covering with energy-efficient heating (hereinafter referred to as floor covering). Figure 2 shows a parquet board profiled for locking joints.

[0029] In the example of a specific implementation, the flooring is assembled from wooden parts 1 (tongue and groove and parquet boards). The upper and lower surfaces of the wooden parts 1 have the same finish. In the transverse direction on the longitudinal surface of the wooden part, a row of mounting holes 2 is made for passing elastic cords 3, which are fixed with holders 4. The number of holes is selected depending on the length of the wooden part, for example, on a board 800 mm long, the holes are made with a step of 200 mm. Additional through holes 5, through which the self-regulating heating cable 6 is pulled, are located between the mounting holes 2 to form loops along the perimeter of the flooring. The ends of the self-regulating heating cable 6 are brought out to the end of the prefabricated flooring for connection to the power supply.

[0030] CORRECTED SHEET (RULE 91) Self-regulating heating cable is installed in accordance with electrical safety requirements.

[0031] The longitudinal surfaces of the wooden parts are profiled for a locking connection - on one side there is a groove 7, on the other there is a ridge 8, their end surfaces are for a lock (elements 9), and the end surfaces of a row of tongue and groove and parquet boards adjacent to the edge of the flooring can be flat.

[0032] The optimal solution is to use a wooden part with a trapezoidal groove and ridge on the side surfaces, which allows for a high-precision connection of wooden flooring parts without gaps.

[0033] The proposed solution takes into account longitudinal and transverse deformations of wood fibers. It is known that when wood moisture changes, the linear dimensions change, and the deformations along the wood fibers are tens of times smaller than across.

[0034] When joining regular parquet boards with a U-shaped tongue-and-groove profile, the mounting gap is at least 0.25 mm. When joining a trapezoidal tongue-and-groove profile, the gap is practically non-existent. At the same time, when expanding-compressing, as well as breaking the parquet board, the tongue easily comes out of the groove, and then just as easily returns to its original position. The absence of a gap (play) eliminates the creaking of the parquet.

[0035] The installation of a prefabricated floor covering with energy-efficient heating is carried out as follows.

[0036] A heat-insulating underlay is laid on the base of the floor, on which wooden parts are laid out according to the selected scheme, their mounting holes are aligned, elastic cords are pulled through them and connected in such a way that the ridge of one part fits tightly into the groove of the other. After this, the cords are pulled and fixed along the perimeter of the flooring. In this case, the tension of the cords ensures compression of the planks by more than 0.5 tons per 1 m, which leads to tight joints and makes it impossible for cracks and gaps to form when the flooring expands and shrinks. A self-regulating heating cable is pulled through additional through holes and connected to the network. The self-regulating heating cable periodically heats up to the selected temperature and then switches off.

[0037] Elastic cords do not restrain natural dimensional deformations that occur under the influence of changes in humidity and ambient temperature, but

[0038] CORRECTED SHEET (RULE 91)

Claims

Invention formula 1. A prefabricated and disassemblable floor covering with energy-efficient heating, comprising a set of wooden parts of an elongated rectangular shape, commensurate with the length of a row of floor covering, and / or individual parts, in the transverse direction of each wooden part a row of through mounting holes is made, through which elastic elastic cords are pulled, the free ends of which are secured on both sides of the flooring on holders with the possibility of tensioning and locking, wherein the longitudinal surfaces of the wooden parts are profiled for a locking connection, and in the case of assembling a row of floor covering from individual wooden parts, the longitudinal and end surfaces are profiled for a locking connection, characterized in that in the transverse direction of each wooden part there are additional through holes located one on both sides from the edge of the flooring and between the mounting holes in a number multiple of two,through which a self-regulating heating cable is pulled, forming loops around the perimeter of the deck, the ends of which are brought out for connection to the power supply.

2. A prefabricated and disassemblable floor covering according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the total power of the self-regulating heating cable is selected based on the area of ​​the floor covering.

3. A prefabricated and disassemblable floor covering according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the number of through holes for the self-regulating heating cable is selected based on the power of its linear meter and the set heating temperature of the room.

4. A prefabricated and disassemblable floor covering according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the number of mounting holes on the longitudinal surfaces of wooden parts is determined based on their length.

5. A prefabricated and disassemblable floor covering according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the locking connection on the longitudinal surfaces of the wooden parts is made in the form of grooves and ridges that have a U-shaped or trapezoidal profile.

6. A prefabricated and disassemblable floor covering according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the upper and lower surfaces of the wooden parts have the same level of finish. CORRECTED SHEET (RULE 91)

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