Loudspeaker and electronic device

Abstract

Provided in the embodiments of the present application are a loudspeaker and an electronic device. The loudspeaker comprises a housing, a magnetic circuit assembly, a diaphragm and a voice coil, the magnetic circuit assembly comprising a side magnetic portion and a central magnetic portion located on the inner side of the side magnetic portion, a gap being provided in the central magnetic portion. The loudspeaker further comprises a moving magnetic member and a connector, wherein the moving magnetic member is located in the gap, and is fixedly connected to the diaphragm by means of the connector, the end of the moving magnetic member close to the diaphragm having the same magnetic pole as that of the end of the central magnetic portion close to the diaphragm, and the end of the moving magnetic member away from the diaphragm having the same magnetic pole as that of the end of the central magnetic portion away from the diaphragm. According to the loudspeaker, by means of the provision of a gap in the central magnetic portion and the addition of a moving magnetic member located in the gap, a negative stiffness mechanism is introduced, thus helping improve the low-frequency sensitivity of the loudspeaker, enhancing the low-frequency effect of the loudspeaker.

Description

Speakers and electronic devices

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202311443337.5 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on October 31, 2023, and priority to the Chinese patent application with the invention name “Speaker and Electronic Device”, all contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of audio technology, and in particular to a loudspeaker and an electronic device. Background Art

[0003] As portable devices like mobile phones continue to become thinner and smaller, speakers are often smaller due to limited internal space, resulting in smaller back-cavity volumes. The size of a speaker's back-cavity affects the stiffness coefficient of the speaker's vibration system. A smaller back-cavity volume increases the stiffness of the air in the back-cavity, which in turn suppresses the diaphragm's vibrations. This increases the speaker's resonant frequency and reduces its low-frequency performance. Therefore, improving the low-frequency performance of miniaturized speakers has become a current research topic.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a speaker and an electronic device, wherein the speaker has better low-frequency performance.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a loudspeaker. The loudspeaker includes a housing, a magnetic circuit assembly, a diaphragm, and a voice coil. The magnetic circuit assembly is fixedly connected to the housing. The magnetic circuit assembly includes a side magnetic portion and a central magnetic portion located inside the side magnetic portion. A magnetic gap is formed between the central magnetic portion and the side magnetic portion. The diaphragm is fixedly connected to the housing. The diaphragm and the magnetic circuit assembly are arranged relative to each other. One end of the voice coil is fixedly connected to the diaphragm, and the other end of the voice coil is located in the magnetic gap. The central magnetic portion is provided with a gap, and the gap is spaced apart from the magnetic gap. The loudspeaker also includes a moving magnetic component and a connecting component. The moving magnetic component is located in the gap and is fixedly connected to the diaphragm through the connecting component. The magnetic pole of the moving magnetic component close to the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion close to the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the moving magnetic component away from the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion away from the diaphragm.

[0007] In this application, because the moving magnet is magnetic and is located in the gap of the central magnetic portion, that is, in the magnetic field of the central magnetic portion, a force is generated between the moving magnet and the central magnetic portion. Since the moving magnet is fixedly connected to the diaphragm, when the voice coil drives the diaphragm to vibrate, the moving magnet vibrates along with the diaphragm. The force between the moving magnet and the central magnetic portion affects the vibration and force of the diaphragm, and the moving magnet can serve as a vibration regulator.

[0008] Furthermore, because the magnetic pole of the moving magnetic element near the diaphragm is identical to the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion near the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the moving magnetic element far from the diaphragm is identical to the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion far from the diaphragm, the polarity of the moving magnetic element is identical to that of the central magnetic portion. Therefore, when the moving magnetic element moves in the gap, it is repelled by the like-pole magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion. At this point, when the diaphragm deviates from its equilibrium position and vibrates, the moving magnetic element vibrates along with it. The force acting on the moving magnetic element is opposite to the restoring force of the speaker's vibration system, resulting in negative stiffness. The moving magnetic element and the gap form a negative stiffness mechanism, which helps improve the speaker's low-frequency sensitivity and enhance the speaker's low-frequency effect.

[0009] Furthermore, since there is no need to increase the rear cavity space of the speaker when the negative stiffness mechanism is introduced into the speaker, the negative stiffness mechanism of this solution is suitable for miniaturized speaker structures and also contributes to the miniaturized design of the speaker.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the magnetic circuit assembly of the loudspeaker has a bottom surface facing away from the diaphragm, the gap forms a first projection on the bottom surface, the moving magnetic component forms a second projection on the bottom surface, and the second projection is located in the center of the first projection.

[0011] In this embodiment, the geometric center of the moving magnet is located in the middle of the gap in the width and length directions of the speaker, so that the force acting on the moving magnet in the width and length directions of the speaker is zero, while the force acting on the moving magnet in the stiffness direction of the speaker is reduced, thereby reducing the risk of the moving magnet causing the diaphragm to polarize and improving the movement reliability of the moving magnet.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the geometric center of the moving magnetic member is flush with the height center of the central magnetic portion.

[0013] In this embodiment, when the moving magnet is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnet are more symmetrical, and the resultant force acting on the moving magnet is 0 or extremely small, which is conducive to centering the diaphragm at the equilibrium position.

[0014] In the present application, the magnetic pole setting of the moving magnetic part is consistent with the magnetic pole setting of the central magnetic part. The gap can be shaped to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone and a negative stiffness zone, so that the moving magnetic part can achieve zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness when vibrating with a small amplitude (corresponding to the near-zero stiffness zone), which is conducive to achieving a centering effect. When the moving magnetic part vibrates with a large amplitude (corresponding to the negative stiffness zone), it achieves negative stiffness, thereby reducing the stiffness of the system, which is conducive to improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker and making the low-frequency performance of the speaker better.

[0015] In one possible embodiment, the gap includes a gap body and a groove, the gap body extends in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the dynamic magnetic component is located in the gap body, the groove is located on the peripheral side of the gap body and connected to the gap body, and the groove is arranged around the dynamic magnetic component.

[0016] In this embodiment, the loudspeaker forms a near-zero stiffness zone and negative stiffness zones on both sides of the near-zero stiffness zone by plasticizing the gap in the central magnetic part so that the gap includes a gap body and a groove, so that when the dynamic magnetic part is located in the near-zero stiffness zone, that is, within a small amplitude at and near the equilibrium position, zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness is achieved, which is conducive to centering and reducing the risk of instability. The risk of instability is the situation where the diaphragm is sucked to one side under abnormal conditions, such as when the diaphragm is sucked to one side during the assembly process, or when the diaphragm is displaced and sucked to one side under extreme falling impact conditions. Among them, when the dynamic magnetic part has a slightly positive stiffness in the near-zero stiffness zone, it can also play a role in supplementing the gravity of the vibration system to a certain extent. In addition, when the dynamic magnetic part is located in the negative stiffness zone, it is still subject to negative stiffness force, which helps to improve the low-frequency performance of the loudspeaker.

[0017] In one possible implementation, in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the height center of the groove is flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic part, and the height H of the groove, the thickness T of the moving magnetic part, and the height H0 of the central magnetic part satisfy: 0.5≤H / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5.

[0018] In this embodiment, the height center of the groove of the gap is usually consistent with the geometric center of the moving magnetic part, and the height size of the groove is within the range of ±H of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap. nz Positive correlation, by designing 0.5≤H / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5, the gap forms a near-zero stiffness zone within 30% of the amplitude of the moving magnet, so that the speaker can better achieve the centering effect of the balanced position.

[0019] In a possible embodiment, the groove is a continuous annular groove and includes a plurality of groove portions, which are symmetrical structures.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, the cross-sectional shape of the groove is rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, semicircular or semi-elliptical.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the speaker further includes an adjustable magnetic component, which is located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion. The adjustable magnetic component surrounds the dynamic magnetic component and is spaced apart from the dynamic magnetic component.

[0022] In this embodiment, the speaker is able to adjust the magnetic field of the gap to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone by adding an adjusting magnetic part and making the polarity direction of the adjusting magnetic part opposite to the polarity direction of the central magnetic part, so that the dynamic magnetic part 7 can achieve near-zero stiffness within a small amplitude range corresponding to the near-zero stiffness zone to achieve centering.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, the adjusting magnetic member is a soft magnet.

[0024] In this embodiment, the adjusting magnetic member is located in the gap of the central magnetic part, so the adjusting magnetic member is magnetized by the magnetic field in the gap, the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic member close to the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic member away from the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm. The adjusting magnetic member generates a magnetic field opposite to the gap magnetic field near it, so the magnetic field in the gap can be adjusted, reducing the gradient distribution of the original magnetic field, thereby realizing the expansion and adjustability of the balance zone of the dynamic magnetic member to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone.

[0025] In one possible embodiment, the adjusting magnetic part is a permanent magnet, and the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic part close to the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic part away from the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm.

[0026] In this embodiment, the adjusting magnetic part can also generate a magnetic field opposite to the gap magnetic field near it, so the magnetic field in the gap can be adjusted, thereby achieving the expansion and adjustment of the balance zone of the moving magnetic part to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone.

[0027] A possible implementation is characterized in that, in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the height center of the adjustment magnetic part is flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic part, and the height H' of the adjustment magnetic part, the thickness T of the moving magnetic part and the height H0 of the central magnetic part satisfy: 0.5≤H' / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5.

[0028] In this embodiment, the height center of the magnetic part is usually adjusted to be consistent with the geometric center of the moving magnetic part, and the height size of the magnetic part is adjusted to be within the range of ±H of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap. nz By designing 0.5≤H' / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5, the gap forms a near-zero stiffness zone within 30% of the amplitude of the moving magnet, so that the speaker can better achieve the centering effect of the equilibrium position.

[0029] In a possible implementation manner, the adjusting magnetic member is a continuous annular structure; or, the adjusting magnetic member includes a plurality of magnetic parts, and the plurality of magnetic parts are symmetrical structures.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the speaker further includes a bracket, the bracket is located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion, and the adjustment magnetic member is embedded in the bracket.

[0031] In this embodiment, the adjusting magnetic member is fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion through a bracket, which can increase the connection stability between the adjusting magnetic member and the central magnetic portion, prevent the adjusting magnetic member from falling off, and improve the structural reliability of the speaker.

[0032] In a possible embodiment, the speaker also includes two mating magnetic parts, both of which are located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic part. The two mating magnetic parts are respectively located on opposite sides of the adjusting magnetic part and are spaced apart from the adjusting magnetic part. The mating magnetic parts are soft magnets.

[0033] In this embodiment, the two cooperating magnetic parts are located in the gap of the central magnetic part and are respectively located on opposite sides of the adjusting magnetic part. Therefore, the cooperating magnetic parts are magnetized by the magnetic field in the gap. The magnetic pole of the cooperating magnetic part close to the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to the diaphragm. The magnetic pole of the cooperating magnetic part away from the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm. The polarization direction of the cooperating magnetic part is the same as the polarization direction of the central magnetic part. The cooperating magnetic part generates a magnetic field near it that is the same as the gap magnetic field. Therefore, the magnetic field in the gap can be adjusted, thereby realizing the growth rate adjustment of the magnetic force / stiffness curve of medium and high amplitudes (corresponding to the negative stiffness zone of the gap).

[0034] In one possible embodiment, the mating magnetic part is a permanent magnet, the magnetic pole of the mating magnetic part close to the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the mating magnetic part away from the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm.

[0035] In this embodiment, the magnetic pole of the mating magnetic component near the diaphragm is identical to the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion near the diaphragm, the magnetic pole of the mating magnetic component far from the diaphragm is identical to the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion far from the diaphragm, and the polarization direction of the mating magnetic component is identical to the polarization direction of the central magnetic portion. In this case, the mating magnetic component can also generate a magnetic field near it that is identical to the magnetic field of the gap, so the magnetic field within the gap can be adjusted, thereby achieving adjustment of the growth rate of the magnetic force / stiffness curve at medium and high amplitudes (which may correspond to the negative stiffness region of the gap).

[0036] In one possible embodiment, the magnetic circuit assembly includes a central magnet, a side magnet, a central magnetic conductive member, a side magnetic conductive member and a lower magnetic conductive member, the side magnet surrounds the central magnet and is spaced apart from the central magnet, the central magnetic conductive member is fixed to the side of the central magnet facing the diaphragm, the side magnetic conductive member is fixed to the side of the side magnet facing the diaphragm and is spaced apart from the central magnetic conductive member, the lower magnetic conductive member includes a first part and a second part arranged around the first part, the first part is fixed to the side of the central magnet facing away from the central magnetic conductive member, and the second part is fixed to the side of the side magnet facing away from the side magnetic conductive member, wherein the central magnetic part includes the central magnet, the central magnetic conductive member and the first part, and the side magnetic part includes the side magnet, the side magnetic conductive member and the second part; the gap passes through the central magnetic conductive member, the central magnet and the first part.

[0037] In this embodiment, the gap runs through the central magnetic conductive member, the central magnet and the first portion of the lower magnetic conductive member. The loudspeaker can fully utilize the space of the central magnetic portion to arrange the gap, which is conducive to miniaturization of the loudspeaker.

[0038] For example, the four magnets of the side magnets are fixed to the four sides of the housing, with each magnet positioned between two limit posts of a corresponding set, ensuring a more stable and accurate assembly structure. The connection frame of the side magnet can be provided with multiple sets of positioning holes, which can cooperate with the multiple sets of positioning posts of the housing to increase the stability of the connection between the housing and the side magnet.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the central magnet has a width W0 and a length L0, and the gap has a width W and a length L, satisfying: W*L≤W0*L0 / 9; or, W0 / L0=W / L, and W≤W0 / 3, L≤L0 / 3.

[0040] In this embodiment, by setting the size relationship between the gap and the central magnet, the speaker can take into account both the magnetic force requirement of the moving magnet and the field strength requirement of the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit assembly.

[0041] In one possible embodiment, a gap is formed between the moving magnet and the central magnet, and the width of the gap is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm. In this case, by limiting the gap between the moving magnet and the central magnet, the speaker can achieve both engineering capabilities and a higher product yield, while also increasing the magnetic force generated by the moving magnet.

[0042] In one possible embodiment, the moving magnetic element includes a permanent magnet, or at least two permanent magnets, or at least one permanent magnet and at least one soft magnet. In this embodiment, the speaker can adjust the magnetic force or stiffness curve by designing the topology of the moving magnetic element itself.

[0043] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device. The electronic device includes a housing and the aforementioned speaker, which is mounted on the housing. In this application, the electronic device includes a speaker with excellent low-frequency performance. The electronic device can emit low-frequency sounds with excellent sound quality through the speaker, thereby improving the user experience. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the background technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments of the present application or the background technology will be described below.

[0045] FIG1A is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG1B is a schematic block diagram of an audio playback process of the electronic device shown in FIG1A in some usage scenarios;

[0047] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of the speaker shown in FIG1A in some embodiments;

[0048] FIG3A is a schematic cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker shown in FIG2 taken along line AA;

[0049] FIG3B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the speaker shown in FIG2 taken along line BB;

[0050] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the speaker shown in FIG2 ;

[0051] FIG5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the loudspeaker shown in FIG3B ;

[0052] FIG6A is a schematic diagram of the central magnetic portion and the moving magnetic element of the speaker shown in FIG5 in some usage scenarios;

[0053] FIG6B is a schematic diagram of the central magnetic portion and the moving magnetic element of the speaker shown in FIG5 in other usage scenarios;

[0054] FIG6C is a schematic diagram of the central magnetic portion and the moving magnetic element of the speaker shown in FIG5 in yet another usage scenario;

[0055] 7A to 7D are magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic portion and the moving magnetic element of the loudspeaker shown in FIG. 5 in some possible embodiments;

[0056] FIG8 is a force curve diagram of the moving magnetic member of the speaker shown in FIG5 ;

[0057] FIG9A is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speaker shown in FIG1A in some other embodiments;

[0058] FIG9B is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speaker shown in FIG1A in some other embodiments;

[0059] 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams 1 to 3 of the positional relationship between the central magnetic portion and the moving magnetic member of the loudspeaker shown in FIG. 9A and the loudspeaker shown in FIG. 9B in some embodiments;

[0060] 11A to 11D are magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic portion and the moving magnetic element of the loudspeaker shown in FIG. 9A in some possible embodiments;

[0061] 12A to 12D are magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic portion and the moving magnetic element of the loudspeaker shown in FIG. 9B in some possible embodiments;

[0062] 13 is a force curve diagram of the moving magnetic member of the speaker shown in FIG5 , the moving magnetic member of the speaker shown in FIG9A , and the moving magnetic member of the speaker shown in FIG9B ;

[0063] FIG14A is a stiffness curve diagram showing the system stiffness components of the loudspeaker shown in FIG9A and FIG9B in a working state;

[0064] FIG14B is a comparison diagram of stiffness curves of the system stiffness of the loudspeaker shown in FIG9A and FIG9B and a conventional loudspeaker in a working state;

[0065] FIG14C is a stiffness curve diagram of the loudspeaker shown in FIG9A and FIG9B in a non-operating state;

[0066] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speaker shown in FIG1A in other embodiments;

[0067] FIG16A is a schematic structural diagram of a portion of the structure of the speaker shown in FIG15 ;

[0068] FIG16B is an exploded view of the structure shown in FIG16A;

[0069] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of the central magnetic portion, the moving magnetic member and the adjusting magnetic member of the speaker shown in FIG15 ;

[0070] 18A to 18D are magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic portion and the moving magnetic member of the speaker shown in FIG15 in an embodiment in which no adjusting magnetic member is provided;

[0071] 19A to 19D are magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic portion and the moving magnetic member of the speaker shown in FIG15 in an embodiment in which the adjusting magnetic member is a soft magnet;

[0072] 20A to 20D are magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic portion and the moving magnetic member of the speaker shown in FIG15 in an embodiment in which the adjustable magnetic member is a permanent magnet;

[0073] FIG21 is a force curve diagram of the moving magnetic member of the speaker shown in FIG15 in the solution without an adjustable magnetic member and with an adjustable magnetic member made of a soft magnet;

[0074] FIG22 is a force curve diagram of the moving magnetic member of the speaker shown in FIG15 in the solution without the adjustment magnetic member and with the adjustment magnetic member using a permanent magnet;

[0075] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speaker shown in FIG1A in some other embodiments;

[0076] FIG24A is a schematic structural diagram of a portion of the structure of the speaker shown in FIG23;

[0077] FIG24B is an exploded view of the structure shown in FIG24A;

[0078] FIG25 is a schematic structural diagram of the central magnetic portion, the moving magnetic component, the adjusting magnetic component and the matching magnetic component of the speaker shown in FIG23;

[0079] FIG26 is a force curve diagram of the moving magnetic member of the speaker shown in FIG23 in a solution without a matching magnetic member and a solution with a matching magnetic member;

[0080] FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speaker shown in FIG. 1A in some other embodiments. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0081] The embodiments of the present application are described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0082] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can mean detachably connected or non-detachably connected; it can mean directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary. "Multiple" means at least two.

[0083] The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application, such as "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", "top", "bottom", "side", etc., are only references to the directions in the drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of the present application, rather than indicating or implying that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0084] In the embodiments of the present application, the limitations of the relative position relationship mentioned, such as parallel, perpendicular, aligned, etc., are all for the current state of the art, rather than absolutely strict limitations, and a small amount of deviation is allowed, and it is possible to be approximately parallel, approximately perpendicular, approximately aligned, etc. For example, A and B are parallel, which means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 degrees and 10 degrees. For example, A and B are perpendicular, which means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 degrees and 100 degrees.

[0085] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "first," "second," "third," and "fourth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first," "second," "third," or "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0086] Please refer to FIG. 1A , which is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0087] In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 can be a device with an audio playback function, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a multimedia player, headphones, a speaker, a laptop computer, an in-vehicle device, a foldable terminal device, a television, or a wearable device. Among them, the wearable device can be a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart head display, smart glasses, etc. The electronic device 100 of the embodiment shown in Figure 1A is described using a mobile phone as an example. Of course, other types of electronic devices 100 can also adopt similar structures, which will not be described in detail below.

[0088] Exemplarily, the electronic device 100 may include a housing 10, a display screen 20, and a speaker 30. The housing 10 is used to protect the internal electronic components of the electronic device 100. The housing 10 may include a frame 101 and a back cover 102, wherein the frame 101 is connected to the back cover 102 and is arranged around the back cover 102. Exemplarily, the display screen 20 may be fixed to the frame 101. The display screen 20 is arranged opposite to the back cover 102, and the display screen 20 may enclose the interior of the electronic device 100 together with the frame 101 and the back cover 102. The display screen 20 may be a flexible display screen or a rigid display screen. The display screen 20 may be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display screen, a mini organic light-emitting diode (MID) display screen, a micro organic light-emitting diode (MID) display screen, a quantum dot light emitting diode (QLED) display screen, a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc.

[0089] The frame 101 may be provided with a sound hole 1011. The number of sound holes 1011 may be one or more. FIG1A illustrates a plurality of sound holes 1011. In other embodiments, the sound hole 1011 may also be provided on the back cover 102, the display screen 20, the connection between the frame 101 and the display screen 20, or the connection between the frame 101 and the back cover 102.

[0090] For example, the speaker 30 can be installed in the housing 10 and located inside the electronic device 100. Figure 1A illustrates the speaker 30 with a dotted line. The speaker 30 can play sound to the outside of the electronic device 100 through the sound outlet 1011.

[0091] Please refer to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B in combination. FIG. 1B is a schematic block diagram of an audio playback process of the electronic device 100 shown in FIG. 1A in some usage scenarios.

[0092] In some embodiments, the audio playback process of the speaker 30 may be as follows: the electronic device 100 decodes the audio file into a digital signal, performs digital-to-analog conversion on the digital signal to restore it to an analog signal, then amplifies the analog signal and inputs it to the speaker 30, which then plays the audio. After the voice coil of the speaker 30 receives the current signal, the energized voice coil vibrates magnetically in the magnetic field of the magnetic circuit assembly of the speaker 30, thereby driving the diaphragm to vibrate and produce sound.

[0093] In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may further include a plurality of speakers 30 , and the plurality of speakers 30 may be used to emit sounds of a plurality of audio tracks to form stereo sound.

[0094] It should be noted that FIG1A only schematically illustrates some components of the electronic device 100, and the actual shapes and sizes of these components are not limited by FIG1A or the following figures. It should be understood that when the electronic device 100 has other forms, the electronic device 100 may not include the display screen 20, or the electronic device 100 may include multiple display screens 20.

[0095] The above specifically introduces the relevant configuration of the speaker 30 in the electronic device 100. The following will introduce the specific structure of the speaker 30 in conjunction with the relevant drawings.

[0096] Please refer to Figures 2 to 4 in combination. Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 1A in some embodiments, Figure 3A is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 2 taken along AA, Figure 3B is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 2 taken along BB, and Figure 4 is a decomposed structural schematic diagram of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 2.

[0097] In some embodiments, a loudspeaker 30 may include a housing 1, a diaphragm 2, a magnetic circuit assembly 3, a voice coil 4, a connecting frame 5, a flexible printed circuit board 6, a moving magnet 7, and a connecting member 8. For ease of description, the loudspeaker 30 is defined as having a length direction X, a width direction Y, and a thickness direction Z, with each of these directions being perpendicular to the other. The loudspeaker 30 and its components or structures are defined as having the side closest to the diaphragm 2 as the "top" and the side farther from the diaphragm 2 as the "bottom."

[0098] Exemplarily, the shell 1 can be roughly frame-shaped, for example, the shell 1 can be a rectangular frame, and the middle part of the shell 1 is hollowed out. In some examples, the shell 1 can also be called a basin frame. The shell 1 has a mounting groove 11, and the mounting groove 11 is arranged around the circumference of the shell 1. The shell 1 can include multiple groups of positioning columns 12 and multiple groups of limiting columns 13. The multiple groups of positioning columns 12 can be respectively located on the four sides of the shell 1, and at least partially located in the mounting groove 11. Each group of positioning columns 12 includes at least two spaced positioning columns 12. The multiple groups of limiting columns 13 can be respectively located on the four sides of the shell 1 and at the bottom of the shell 1. Each group of limiting columns 13 includes two spaced limiting columns 13. In some other embodiments, the shell 1 can also be a frame of other shapes, such as a circular frame, etc., which is not strictly limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0099] Exemplarily, the diaphragm 2 is fixedly connected to the housing 1. The diaphragm 2 may include a vibrating portion 21, a rim portion 22, and a fixed portion 23. The rim portion 22 surrounds the outer periphery of the vibrating portion 21 and is connected to the vibrating portion 21. The fixed portion 23 surrounds the outer periphery of the rim portion 22 and is connected to the rim portion 22. The fixed portion 23 may be fixedly connected to the top side of the housing 1, with the rim portion 22 and the vibrating portion 21 corresponding to the hollowed-out portion in the middle of the housing 1.

[0100] Exemplarily, the magnetic circuit assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the housing 1 and disposed opposite the diaphragm 2, with a gap formed between the magnetic circuit assembly 3 and the vibrating portion 21 and the folding ring portion 22 of the diaphragm 2. The magnetic circuit assembly 3 may include a central magnetic portion 3a and a side magnetic portion 3b, wherein the central magnetic portion 3a is located inwardly of the side magnetic portion 3b, and a magnetic gap 3c is formed between the central magnetic portion 3a and the side magnetic portion 3b. The central magnetic portion 3a may be provided with a gap 3d, which is spaced apart from the magnetic gap 3c.

[0101] In some examples, the magnetic circuit assembly 3 may include side magnets 32, a central magnetic conductive member 33, a side magnetic conductive member 34, and a lower magnetic conductive member 35. The lower magnetic conductive member 35 includes a first portion 351 and a second portion 352 disposed around the first portion 351. The central magnetic portion 3a includes the central magnet 31, the central magnetic conductive member 33, and the first portion 351 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35. The side magnetic portion 3b includes the side magnets 32, the side magnetic conductive member 34, and the second portion 352 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35.

[0102] The central magnet 31 may be substantially rectangular and may have a first through hole 311 in the middle thereof, the first through hole 311 forming a part of the gap 3d.

[0103] The side magnets 32 surround the center magnet 31 and are spaced apart from the center magnet 31. For example, the side magnets 32 may include four magnets, which are arranged around the center magnet 31 and are spaced apart from the center magnet 31. The side magnets 32 may be fixedly connected to the shell 1. For example, the four magnets of the side magnets 32 are respectively fixed to the four sides of the shell 1, and each magnet is located between two limiting columns 13 of a corresponding set of limiting columns 13, so that the assembly structure is more stable and accurate. In other embodiments, the side magnets 32 may also be annular magnets, which is not strictly limited in the embodiments of the present application. The gap between the side magnets 32 and the center magnet 31 is part of the magnetic gap 3c.

[0104] The central magnetic member 33 is fixed to the side of the central magnet 31 facing the diaphragm 2. The central magnetic member 33 is spaced apart from and opposite the vibrating portion 21 of the diaphragm 2. A second through-hole 331 may be provided in the middle of the central magnetic member 33. The second through-hole 331 communicates with the first through-hole 311 and forms another portion of the gap 3d. The central magnetic member 33 may be made of a magnetically conductive material.

[0105] The side magnetic conductive member 34 is fixed to the side of the side magnet 32 ​​facing the diaphragm 2 and is spaced apart from the central magnetic conductive member 33. The side magnetic conductive member 34 is opposite to the folding ring portion 22 of the diaphragm 2 and is spaced apart. The side magnetic conductive member 34 may include four magnetic conductive portions 341 and a connecting frame 342, two of the four magnetic conductive portions 341 are opposite to each other, and the other two magnetic conductive portions 341 are opposite to each other. The connecting frame 342 surrounds the outer circumference of the four magnetic conductive portions 341 and fixedly connects the four magnetic conductive portions 341. The four magnetic conductive portions 341 are respectively located on the top sides of the four magnets of the side magnet 32. The gap between the side magnetic conductive member 34 and the central magnetic conductive member 33 forms another part of the magnetic gap 3c. The side magnetic conductive member 34 may be made of magnetic conductive material.

[0106] The side magnetic member 34 is also fixedly connected to the housing 1. For example, the side magnetic member 34 may be partially located in the mounting slot 11 of the housing 1. The connection frame 342 of the side magnetic member 34 may be provided with multiple sets of positioning holes 3421. These multiple sets of positioning holes 3421 may cooperate with the multiple sets of positioning posts 12 of the housing 1 to enhance the connection stability between the housing 1 and the side magnetic member 34.

[0107] The lower magnetic conductive member 35 can be roughly rectangular in shape. The first portion 351 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35 can be roughly rectangular, and the second portion 352 can be roughly rectangular in shape. The first portion 351 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35 is fixed to the side of the center magnet 31 facing away from the center magnetic conductive member 33, and the second portion 352 is fixed to the side of the side magnet 32 ​​facing away from the side magnetic conductive member 34. The first portion 351 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35 can be provided with a third through-hole 3511, which is connected to the first through-hole 311 and forms another portion of the gap 3d. In this case, the gap 3d passes through the center magnetic portion 3a, that is, the gap 3d can pass through the center magnetic conductive member 33, the center magnet 31, and the first portion 351 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35. In this case, the speaker 30 fully utilizes the thickness of the center magnetic portion 3a to arrange the gap 3d, which facilitates the miniaturization of the speaker 30.

[0108] The lower magnetic conductive part 35 may have an annular groove 3521 and a plurality of avoidance grooves 3522. The annular groove 3521 is provided at one end of the second portion 352 of the lower magnetic conductive part 35 close to the first portion 351, and the opening is toward the top side of the lower magnetic conductive part 35. The plurality of avoidance grooves 3522 are distributed at the outer positions of the four corners of the annular groove 3521, and the annular groove 3521 is provided. The annular groove 3521 is provided around the central magnet 31, and the plurality of avoidance grooves 3522 are staggered with the side magnets 32. The annular groove 3521 is provided corresponding to the magnetic gap 3c, connected to the magnetic gap 3c or being a part of the magnetic gap 3c, so as to increase the height of the magnetic gap 3c.

[0109] Exemplarily, the voice coil 4 is located between the diaphragm 2 and the magnetic circuit assembly 3. One end of the voice coil 4 is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 2, and the other end of the voice coil 4 is located in the magnetic gap 3c. The voice coil 4 can be connected to the vibrating portion 21 of the diaphragm 2. The voice coil 4 can be fixedly connected to the diaphragm 2 via a connecting frame 5 to better meet its positional arrangement requirements. The connecting frame 5 can be frame-shaped, so that the voice coil 4 can be evenly connected to the diaphragm 2 along the circumference of the voice coil 4.

[0110] In this embodiment, when power is supplied to the voice coil 4, it generates a force within the magnetic field of the magnetic circuit assembly 3, thereby driving the diaphragm 2 to vibrate, thereby enabling the speaker 30 to produce sound. The voice coil 4 can receive an alternating signal and generate an alternating force within the magnetic field. The direction in which the voice coil 4 drives the diaphragm 2 to vibrate is along the axial direction of the voice coil 4, and the vibration direction of the diaphragm 2 is generally perpendicular to the diaphragm 2 itself.

[0111] For example, the flexible circuit board 6 can be connected between the voice coil 4 and the housing 1. For example, the flexible circuit board 6 can include four parts, each of which has one end fixed to the bottom of the housing 1 and the other end fixed to the four corners of the voice coil 4. The flexible circuit board 6 can be positioned corresponding to the avoidance groove 3522 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35, and the avoidance groove 3522 is used to avoid the flexible circuit board 6. In other embodiments, the speaker 30 may not be provided with a flexible circuit board 6.

[0112] Exemplarily, the dynamic magnetic component 7 is located in the gap 3d of the central magnetic portion 3a and is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 2 through a connecting member 8. One end of the connecting member 8 can be fixedly connected to the diaphragm 2, and the dynamic magnetic component 7 can be embedded in the other end of the connecting member 8. In this embodiment, the dynamic magnetic component 7 is magnetic. Since the dynamic magnetic component 7 is located in the gap 3d of the central magnetic portion 3a, that is, in the magnetic field of the central magnetic portion 3a, a force is formed between the dynamic magnetic component 7 and the central magnetic portion 3a. Since the dynamic magnetic component 7 is fixedly connected to the diaphragm 2, when the voice coil 4 drives the diaphragm 2 to vibrate, the dynamic magnetic component 7 will vibrate together with the diaphragm 2. The force between the dynamic magnetic component 7 and the central magnetic portion 3a will affect the vibration action and force of the diaphragm 2. The dynamic magnetic component 7 can exist as a vibration regulating component.

[0113] In a typical loudspeaker, the vibrating parts, such as the diaphragm, belong to the vibration system, while the parts supporting the diaphragm, such as the surround, belong to the support system. By analyzing the forces acting on the diaphragm, we can derive its vibration equation:

[0114] The mass of the vibrating parts of the vibration system and the equivalent acoustic mass generated by the reaction of acoustic radiation are collectively referred to as the vibration mass Mms of the loudspeaker. When the diaphragm vibrates up and down off-center, the support system provides an elastic restoring force. This force changes with the deviation position, and its stiffness coefficient Kms can be obtained. The stiffness coefficient Kms and the vibration mass Mms determine the first-order resonant frequency of the loudspeaker vibration system, which is defined as:

[0115] As the formula shows, a smaller stiffness coefficient Kms and a larger vibrating mass Mms help lower the first-order resonant frequency fs, allowing speaker 30 to achieve better low-frequency sound output. The stiffness coefficient Kms of a speaker system is determined in part by the size of the system's rear cavity, namely the air stiffness Ka, and in part by the stiffness Ks of the surround or other supporting components, which in turn is related to the material's Young's modulus, thickness, and structural design. The stiffness coefficient Kms satisfies the following equation: Kms = Ka + Ks.

[0116] Currently, traditional methods for reducing the stiffness coefficient Kms have reached a bottleneck. Due to the miniaturization of end products, the rear cavity of the speaker is becoming smaller and smaller, making it difficult to further reduce the air stiffness Ka. Furthermore, due to material technology constraints, further reduction of the stiffness Ks of the supporting components will lead to a series of reliability and nonlinear issues, making it difficult to support the low-frequency requirements of the speaker in the end product. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce new mechanisms from other angles to reduce the system stiffness coefficient Kms or reduce the elastic restoring force of the supporting system and air, thereby improving low-frequency sound output.

[0117] Theoretically, by setting up a certain mechanism, another force is introduced to offset the restoring force (for example, in the opposite direction), and this force varies with the degree to which the diaphragm deviates from the center position. This can achieve the effect of reducing the stiffness of the system, thereby reducing fs and improving low-frequency sound output.

[0118] As deduced from the above formula, the system stiffness K is equal to the original support stiffness Kms minus the stiffness Kb generated by the new mechanism. Kb can be called negative stiffness, and the mechanism that generates Kb is called a negative stiffness mechanism.

[0119] Please refer to Figure 3B again. In the embodiment of the present application, the central magnetic portion 3a is provided with a gap 3d, and the dynamic magnetic component 7 connected to the diaphragm 2 is located in the gap 3d. The speaker 30 sets the magnetic pole relationship between the central magnetic portion 3a and the dynamic magnetic component 7. During the vibration of the diaphragm 2, the central magnetic portion 3a can form a repulsive force on the dynamic magnetic component 7, and the direction of the repulsive force is opposite to the reset direction of the diaphragm 2 (that is, the direction in which the diaphragm 2 returns to the equilibrium position from the current position). Therefore, a stiffness adjustment mechanism is introduced into the speaker 30, and it is a negative stiffness mechanism, which is beneficial to reduce the first-order resonant frequency of the speaker 30, improve the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker 30, and achieve enhanced low-frequency effect of the speaker 30.

[0120] Please refer to Figures 5 to 6C in combination. Figure 5 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 3B, Figure 6A is a schematic diagram of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic component 7 of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 5 in some usage scenarios, Figure 6B is a schematic diagram of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic component 7 of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 5 in other usage scenarios, and Figure 6C is a schematic diagram of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic component 7 of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 5 in yet other usage scenarios.

[0121] In some embodiments, the polarity direction of the central magnetic portion 3a can be set along the thickness direction Z of the speaker 30. In the embodiment of the present application, the magnetic part has two magnetic poles, namely the north pole (N pole) and the south pole (S pole), and the magnetic pole direction of the magnetic part can be understood as the direction from the N pole to the S pole. For example, the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a close to the end of the diaphragm 2 can be the N pole, and the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a away from the end of the diaphragm 2 can be the S pole. In other embodiments, the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a close to the end of the diaphragm 2 can be the S pole, and the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a away from the end of the diaphragm 2 can be the N pole. Among them, the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a is determined by the magnetic pole of its central magnet 31.

[0122] Among them, the magnetic pole of the end of the moving magnetic member 7 close to the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the end of the central magnetic part 3a close to the diaphragm 2, and the magnetic pole of the end of the moving magnetic member 7 away from the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the end of the central magnetic part 3a away from the diaphragm 2. At this time, the polarity direction of the moving magnetic member 7 is the same as the polarity direction of the central magnetic part 3a. When the moving magnetic member 7 moves in the gap 3d, it is subject to the repulsive effect of the same magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a. When the diaphragm 2 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates, the moving magnetic member 7 vibrates together. The force acting on the moving magnetic member 7 is opposite to the direction of the restoring force of the vibration system of the loudspeaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness. The moving magnetic member 7 and the gap 3d form a negative stiffness mechanism, which is beneficial to improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the loudspeaker 30 and achieving an enhanced low-frequency effect of the loudspeaker 30. In addition, since the speaker 30 introduces the above-mentioned negative stiffness mechanism, there is no need to increase the back cavity space of the loudspeaker 30. Therefore, the negative stiffness mechanism of this solution is suitable for miniaturized loudspeaker structures and also contributes to the miniaturization design of the loudspeaker.

[0123] Specifically, when the dynamic magnetic part 7 is located in the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a, there is a distribution gradient of the magnetic field at the upper surface, lower surface and upper and lower parts of the side surface, thereby forming a difference in the thickness direction Z of the speaker 30. The integral of the magnetic field at the boundary surface can be used to calculate the resultant magnetic force on the dynamic magnetic part 7, which is comprehensively expressed as a repulsive force. For the sake of convenience in illustration, F1 represents the repulsive force of the N pole and F2 represents the repulsive force of the S pole in Figures 6A to 6C. Among them, when the diaphragm 2 is in an equilibrium position, as shown in Figure 6A, the dynamic magnetic part 7 is also in an equilibrium position, F1 and F2 are equal or close, and the resultant force is 0 or near zero. At this time, the dynamic magnetic part 7 is at zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness, achieving a centering effect. When the diaphragm 2 vibrates upward from the equilibrium position, as shown in FIG6B , the moving magnet 7 also vibrates upward from the equilibrium position, F1 is less than F2, and the resultant force F is an upward force. At this time, the direction of the resultant force F is away from the equilibrium position. The direction of F is consistent with the direction of movement of the diaphragm 2 and the moving magnet 7, and is opposite to the direction of the restoring force of the vibration system of the loudspeaker 30, forming a negative stiffness force. When the diaphragm 2 vibrates downward from the equilibrium position, as shown in FIG6C , the moving magnet 7 also vibrates downward from the equilibrium position, F1 is greater than F2, and the resultant force F is a downward force. At this time, the direction of the resultant force F is away from the equilibrium position. The direction of F is consistent with the direction of movement of the diaphragm 2 and the moving magnet 7, and is opposite to the direction of the restoring force of the vibration system of the loudspeaker 30, forming a negative stiffness force.

[0124] Please refer to Figures 7A to 7D , which are magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic element 7 of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 5 in some possible embodiments. In Figures 7A to 7D , the lighter the color of a region within the gap 3d, the stronger the magnetic field.

[0125] 7A and 7B mainly show the magnetic field of the central magnetic portion 3a at the gap 3d. As shown in FIG7A , when the moving magnetic member 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic member 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, the force acting on the moving magnetic member 7 is similar to that shown in FIG6A , and the resultant force acting on the moving magnetic member 7 is 0 or nearly 0. As shown in FIG7B , when the moving magnetic member 7 is above the balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic member 7 form a difference, the force acting on the moving magnetic member 7 is similar to that shown in FIG6B , and the moving magnetic member 7 is subjected to an upward resultant force, which is opposite to the direction of the restoring force of the vibration system of the speaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness force.

[0126] 7C and 7D simultaneously present the magnetic fields of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic member 7 at the gap 3d. As shown in FIG7C , when the moving magnetic member 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic member 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, the forces acting on the moving magnetic member 7 are similar to those shown in FIG6A , and the net force acting on the moving magnetic member 7 is 0 or nearly 0. As shown in FIG7D , when the moving magnetic member 7 is above the balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic member 7 form a difference, and the forces acting on the moving magnetic member 7 are similar to those shown in FIG6B . The moving magnetic member 7 is subjected to an upward net force, which is opposite to the direction of the restoring force of the vibration system of the speaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness force.

[0127] Please refer to FIG. 8 , which is a force curve diagram of the moving magnetic member 7 of the speaker 30 shown in FIG. 5 .

[0128] In Figure 8, the horizontal axis represents the amplitude of the moving magnetic part 7, in micrometers (μm), and the horizontal axis represents the resultant force applied to the moving magnetic part 7, in millinewtons (mN). As shown in Figure 8, when the moving magnetic part 7 is in the equilibrium position, the resultant force applied is 0. When the moving magnetic part 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates upward, the resultant force applied is an upward force, which is a negative stiffness force. When the moving magnetic part 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates downward, the resultant force applied is a downward force, which is a negative stiffness force.

[0129] Therefore, through the force analysis and simulated magnetic field of the dynamic magnetic component 7 in Figures 6A to 8, it can be known that the loudspeaker 30 places the dynamic magnetic component 7 in the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a, and the magnetic pole setting of the dynamic magnetic component 7 is consistent with the magnetic pole setting of the central magnetic part 3a, so that the dynamic magnetic component 7 can form a zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness mechanism at the equilibrium position. The vibration system of the loudspeaker 30 is controlled by gravity and the tension of the diaphragm 2 at the equilibrium position, and will not be affected by the magnetic force of the dynamic magnetic component 7 and become unstable and deviate from the equilibrium position, which is conducive to achieving the centering effect, and can also enable the dynamic magnetic component 7 to form a negative stiffness mechanism when it vibrates away from the equilibrium position, thereby reducing the system stiffness, which is conducive to improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the loudspeaker 30 and making the low-frequency performance of the loudspeaker 30 better.

[0130] Continuing with Figure 5 , in some embodiments, the magnetic circuit assembly 3 has a bottom surface facing away from the diaphragm 2. This bottom surface is the bottom surface 353 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35 facing away from the center magnet 31. The gap 3d forms a first projection on the bottom surface 353, and the moving magnetic member 7 forms a second projection on the bottom surface 353, which is located directly in the center of the first projection.

[0131] In this embodiment, the geometric center of the dynamic magnetic component 7 is located in the middle of the gap 3d in the width direction X and the length direction Y of the speaker 30, so that the force acting on the dynamic magnetic component 7 in the width direction X and the length direction Y of the speaker 30 is zero, while the dynamic magnetic component 7 is subjected to the resultant force in the stiffness direction Z of the speaker 30, thereby reducing the risk of the dynamic magnetic component 7 causing the diaphragm 2 to be polarized, thereby improving the movement reliability of the dynamic magnetic component 7.

[0132] In some embodiments, the central magnetic portion 3a can be a symmetrical structure relative to the gap 3d, including symmetry in the width direction X of the speaker 30 and symmetry in the length direction Y of the speaker 30, so that the force applied to the dynamic magnetic component 7 when moving in the gap 3d can be balanced in the width direction X and the length direction Y of the speaker 30, thereby reducing the risk of polarization of the diaphragm 2 caused by the force of the dynamic magnetic component 7.

[0133] In some embodiments, when the moving magnet 7 is in a balanced position, perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, the geometric center of the moving magnet 7 is aligned with the height center of the central magnetic portion 3a. In this case, when the moving magnet 7 is in a balanced position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnet 7 are more symmetrical, and the net force acting on the moving magnet 7 is zero or extremely small, which facilitates centering of the diaphragm 2 at the balanced position.

[0134] In other embodiments, when the moving magnetic element 7 is in a balanced position in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, a first distance is formed between the geometric center of the moving magnetic element 7 and the height center of the central magnetic portion 3a, and the ratio of the first distance to the height of the central magnetic portion 3a is less than or equal to 15%. In this case, when the moving magnetic element 7 is in a balanced position, the upper and lower magnetic fields of the moving magnetic element 7 still have good symmetry, and the net force acting on the moving magnetic element 7 is zero or nearly zero, which facilitates centering of the diaphragm 2 at the balanced position.

[0135] In some embodiments, when the moving magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and moves downward, its range of movement does not exceed the bottom surface 353 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35; when the moving magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and moves upward, its range of movement does not exceed the top surface of the central magnetic conductive member 33. In the thickness direction Z of the speaker 30, the height of the central magnetic portion 3a is H0, the thickness of the moving magnetic member 7 is T, the amplitude of the upward movement of the moving magnetic member 7 is (H0-T) / 2, and the amplitude of the downward movement of the moving magnetic member 7 is -(H0-T) / 2.

[0136] In other embodiments, when the moving magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and moves upward, its range of movement may also slightly exceed the top surface of the central magnetic conductive member 33, so as to ensure that the range of movement of it and its attached linkage device is below the diaphragm 2 of the speaker 30.

[0137] In other embodiments, when the movement amplitude of the moving magnetic member 7 is small, for example, when the moving magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and moves downward without exceeding the bottom surface 353 of the lower magnetic conductive member 35, the third through hole 3511 at the lower magnetic conductive member 35 can be adjusted to a groove or cancelled.

[0138] In some embodiments, the dimensions of the gap 3d include height, width, and length. The height of the gap 3d is determined by the thickness of the dynamic magnetic component 7 and the vibration range of the diaphragm 2 of the dynamic magnetic component 7. The minimum width and length of the gap 3d are determined by the magnetic force range that the dynamic magnetic component 7 needs to generate. The larger the width and length of the gap 3d, the larger the structure of the dynamic magnetic component 7 can be set to, thereby having a stronger magnetic force. The maximum width and length of the gap 3d are determined by the acceptable attenuation of the magnetic gap 3c field strength of the voice coil 4 or the magnetic factor Bl of the voice coil 4. In this embodiment, the attenuation amplitude is set to be less than 10%, which means that the magnetic gap 3c field strength of 0.9*Bl needs to be retained.

[0139] Exemplarily, the central magnet 31 has a width W0 and a length L0, and the gap 3d has a width W and a length L, satisfying: W*L≤W0*L0 / 9; or, W0 / L0=W / L, and W≤W0 / 3, L≤L0 / 3.

[0140] In this embodiment, by setting the size relationship between the gap 3 d and the central magnet 31 , the speaker 30 can take into account both the magnetic force requirement of the moving magnet 7 and the field strength requirement of the magnetic gap 3 c of the magnetic circuit assembly 3 .

[0141] In some embodiments, when the size of the gap 3d is determined, the larger the size of the moving magnetic part 7, the greater the magnetic force generally generated. The height of the moving magnetic part 7 is determined by the required range of motion and the anti-demagnetization ability of the magnet. The greater the thickness of the moving magnetic part 7, the stronger the anti-demagnetization ability. In this embodiment, the range of magnetic force can be adjusted by adjusting the volume of the moving magnetic part 7. The maximum value of the width of the moving magnetic part 7 is also affected by the minimum gap between the moving magnetic part 7 and the center magnet 31. Generally, the smaller the gap, the greater the magnetic force. The minimum value of the gap depends on engineering capabilities, such as dimensional tolerance, position tolerance, etc. The maximum value of the gap is affected by the system size and design and can be flexibly adjusted.

[0142] In some embodiments, a gap is formed between the moving magnetic element 7 and the central magnet 31, and the width of the gap can be greater than or equal to 0.1 mm. In other examples, the minimum width of the gap can be in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.15 mm. In this case, by limiting the gap between the moving magnetic element 7 and the central magnet 31, the speaker 30 can take into account engineering capabilities, have a high product yield, and also enable the moving magnetic element 7 to generate a larger magnetic force.

[0143] In some embodiments of the present application, the speaker 30 can also achieve near-zero stiffness centering (slightly positive stiffness or slightly negative stiffness) of the dynamic magnetic part 7 within a small amplitude close to the equilibrium position and achieve negative stiffness at medium and large amplitudes by changing the structure of the gap 3d or adding other magnetic components.

[0144] The following are examples.

[0145] Please refer to Figures 9A to 10C . Figure 9A is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 1A in some other embodiments. Figure 9B is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 1A in some other embodiments. Figures 10A to 10C are schematic diagrams (I) to (III) of the positional relationship between the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic member 7 of the speaker 30 shown in Figures 9A and 9B in some embodiments. The speakers 30 shown in Figures 9A and 9B can include most of the technical features of the speaker 30 in the previous embodiment. The following mainly describes the differences between the two, and most of the common technical features between the two will not be repeated.

[0146] In some embodiments, the speaker 30 shapes the gap 3d by changing the shape of the central magnetic portion 3a to adjust the magnetic field distribution within the gap 3d, thereby adjusting the force applied to the moving magnetic component 7, so that the negative stiffness of the moving magnetic component 7 in the area near the equilibrium position is reduced, which can be close to zero, or even form a positive micro-stiffness in the reverse direction. The above-mentioned area can be defined as a near-zero stiffness zone.

[0147] For example, as shown in Figures 9A and 9B , the gap 3d of the central magnetic portion 3a may include a gap body 3e and a groove 3f. The gap body 3e extends perpendicular to the diaphragm 2 and may be partially located within the central magnetic conductive member 33, partially located within the central magnet 31, and partially located within the lower magnetic conductive member 35. The dynamic magnetic member 7 is located within the gap body 3e. The groove 3f is located around the gap body 3e and is connected to the gap body 3e. The groove 3f is provided around the dynamic magnetic member 7. The groove 3f can be provided in the central magnet 31.

[0148] As shown in FIG9A , the cross-sectional shape of the groove 3f can be rectangular, and as shown in FIG9B , the cross-sectional shape of the groove 3f can also be triangular. In other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the groove 3f can also be trapezoidal, semicircular, semi-elliptical, or other regular or irregular shapes. The embodiment of the present application does not strictly limit the cross-sectional shape of the groove 3f.

[0149] Among them, the situation in which the groove 3f surrounds the dynamic magnetic part 7 can include the situation in which the groove 3f is distributed on two opposite sides of the dynamic magnetic part 7 to surround it, and the situation in which the groove 3f is distributed on all sides of the dynamic magnetic part 7 to surround it. As shown in Figure 10A, the groove 3f includes a plurality of groove portions 3g, and the plurality of groove portions 3g are symmetrical structures. For example, the groove 3f includes two groove portions 3g, and the two groove portions 3g are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the gap body 3e, that is, located on both sides of the dynamic magnetic part 7. The length of each groove portion 3g is not greater than the length of the corresponding side of the gap body 3e. As shown in Figure 10B, the groove 3f includes four groove portions 3g, and the four groove portions 3g are symmetrically arranged in pairs around the gap body 3e, that is, located around the dynamic magnetic part 7. As shown in Figure 10C, the groove 3f can also be a continuous annular groove, and the annular groove is arranged around the gap body 3e and the dynamic magnetic part 7.

[0150] In this embodiment, the loudspeaker 30 shapes the gap 3d of the central magnetic portion 3a so that the gap 3d includes a gap body 3e and a groove 3f, thereby forming a near-zero stiffness zone and negative stiffness zones on both sides of the near-zero stiffness zone in the gap 3d, so that when the dynamic magnetic part 7 is located in the near-zero stiffness zone, that is, within a small amplitude at and near the equilibrium position, zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness is achieved, which is conducive to centering and reducing the risk of instability. The risk of instability is the situation where the diaphragm 2 is sucked to one side in an abnormal state, such as the situation where the diaphragm 2 is sucked to one side during the assembly process, or the situation where the diaphragm 2 is displaced and sucked to one side under extreme drop impact. Among them, when the dynamic magnetic part 7 has a slightly positive stiffness in the near-zero stiffness zone, it can also play a role in supplementing the gravity of the vibration system to a certain extent. In addition, when the dynamic magnetic part 7 is located in the negative stiffness zone, it is still subjected to negative stiffness force, which helps to improve the low-frequency performance of the loudspeaker 30.

[0151] Please refer to Figures 11A to 11D , which are magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic element 7 of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 9A in some possible embodiments. In Figures 11A to 11D , lighter colors in a region within the gap 3d correspond to stronger magnetic fields.

[0152] Comparing Figures 11A to 11D with Figures 7A to 7D, it can be clearly seen that the magnetic field in Figures 11A and 11D has changed significantly near the groove 3f. Among them, Figures 11A and 11B mainly show the magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d. As shown in Figure 11A, when the dynamic magnetic part 7 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the dynamic magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the dynamic magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. As shown in Figure 11B, when the dynamic magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, although the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the dynamic magnetic part 7 form a difference, the difference in Figure 11B is significantly smaller than the difference in Figure 7B. The force on the dynamic magnetic part 7 in Figure 11B can be reduced to less than 1 / 6 of the force on the dynamic magnetic part 7 in Figure 7B, which is nearly 0. The dynamic magnetic part 7 in Figure 11B is in a near-zero stiffness zone. Of course, when the moving magnetic member 7 continues to move upward, it will enter a region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, a negative stiffness region.

[0153] Among them, Figure 11C and Figure 11D mainly show the magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d. As shown in Figure 11C, when the moving magnetic part 7 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. As shown in Figure 11D, when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, although the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 form a difference, the difference in Figure 11D is significantly reduced compared to the difference in Figure 7D. The force on the moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 11D can be reduced to less than 1 / 6 of the force on the moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 7D, which is nearly 0. The moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 11D is in a near-zero stiffness zone. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter an area with a large magnetic field difference, that is, it will enter a negative stiffness zone.

[0154] Please refer to Figures 12A to 12D , which are magnetic field simulation diagrams (I to IV) of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic element 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in Figure 9B in some possible embodiments. In Figures 12A to 12D , lighter colors in a region within the gap 3d correspond to stronger magnetic fields.

[0155] Comparing Figures 12A to 12D with Figures 7A to 7D, it can be clearly seen that the magnetic field in Figures 12A and 12D has changed significantly near the groove 3f. Among them, Figures 12A and 12B mainly show the magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d. As shown in Figure 12A, when the dynamic magnetic part 7 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the dynamic magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the dynamic magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. As shown in Figure 12B, when the dynamic magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, although the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the dynamic magnetic part 7 form a difference, the difference in Figure 12B is significantly reduced compared to the difference in Figure 7B. The force on the dynamic magnetic part 7 in Figure 12B can be reduced to less than 1 / 6 of the force on the dynamic magnetic part 7 in Figure 7B, which is nearly 0. The dynamic magnetic part 7 in Figure 12B is in a near-zero stiffness zone. Of course, when the moving magnetic member 7 continues to move upward, it will enter a region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, a negative stiffness region.

[0156] Among them, Figure 12C and Figure 12D mainly show the magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d. As shown in Figure 12C, when the moving magnetic part 7 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. As shown in Figure 12D, when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, although the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 form a difference, the difference in Figure 12D is significantly reduced compared to the difference in Figure 7D. The force on the moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 12D can be reduced to less than 1 / 6 of the force on the moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 7D, which is nearly 0. The moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 12D is in a near-zero stiffness zone. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter an area with a large magnetic field difference, that is, it will enter a negative stiffness zone.

[0157] Please refer to FIG. 13 , which is a force curve diagram of the moving magnetic member 7 of the speaker 30 shown in FIG. 5 , the moving magnetic member 7 of the speaker 30 shown in FIG. 9A , and the moving magnetic member 7 of the speaker 30 shown in FIG. 9B .

[0158] In FIG13 , the horizontal axis represents the amplitude of the moving magnetic element 7, in micrometers (μm), and the horizontal axis represents the resultant force applied to the moving magnetic element 7, in millinewtons (mN). The line connecting the diamond points in FIG13 represents the force curve of the moving magnetic element 7 of the speaker 30 shown in FIG5 , the line connecting the square points represents the force curve of the moving magnetic element 7 of the speaker 30 shown in FIG9A , and the line connecting the triangular points represents the force curve of the moving magnetic element 7 of the speaker 30 shown in FIG9B .

[0159] As shown in Figure 13, compared with the speaker 30 shown in Figure 5, the speaker 30 shown in Figure 9A and the speaker 30 shown in Figure 9B are subjected to zero or near-zero force on the moving magnetic component 7 in a small amplitude region (for example, ≤±200um), and this region forms a near-zero stiffness region; in a large amplitude region, if the moving magnetic component 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates upward, the resultant force it receives is an upward force, and if the moving magnetic component 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates downward, the resultant force it receives is a downward force, and this region is a negative stiffness region.

[0160] Therefore, through the force analysis and simulated magnetic field of the dynamic magnetic part 7 in Figures 11A to 13, it can be seen that the speaker 30 places the dynamic magnetic part 7 in the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a, and the magnetic pole setting of the dynamic magnetic part 7 is consistent with the magnetic pole setting of the central magnetic part 3a. By shaping the gap 3d, a near-zero stiffness zone and a negative stiffness zone are obtained, so that the dynamic magnetic part 7 achieves zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness when vibrating with a small amplitude (corresponding to the near-zero stiffness zone), which is conducive to achieving a centering effect. When the dynamic magnetic part 7 vibrates with a large amplitude (corresponding to the negative stiffness zone), it achieves negative stiffness, thereby reducing the system stiffness, which is conducive to improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker 30 and making the low-frequency performance of the speaker 30 better.

[0161] Please refer to Figures 14A to 14C. Figure 14A is a stiffness curve diagram of the system stiffness composition of the speaker 30 shown in Figures 9A and 9B in the working state, Figure 14B is a stiffness curve comparison diagram of the system stiffness of the speaker 30 shown in Figures 9A and 9B and the traditional speaker in the working state, and Figure 14C is a stiffness curve diagram of the speaker 30 shown in Figures 9A and 9B in the non-working state.

[0162] In FIG. 14A to FIG. 14C , the ordinate represents stiffness, with a unit of Newton / millimeter (N / mm); the abscissa represents amplitude, with a unit of millimeter (mm).

[0163] As shown in FIG14A , the system stiffness of the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG9A and FIG9B in the working state can include the vibration system stiffness (corresponding to the connecting curve of the diamond points), the air stiffness (corresponding to the connecting curve of the square points), and the magnetic stiffness (corresponding to the connecting curve of the triangle points). The magnetic stiffness is the adjustment stiffness brought by the dynamic magnetic element 7.

[0164] As shown in Figure 14B, the system stiffness of the speaker 30 shown in Figures 9A and 9B (corresponding to the connecting curve of the square points) is significantly reduced at large amplitudes due to the existence of magnetic stiffness, compared with the system stiffness of the traditional speaker (corresponding to the connecting curve of the diamond points), which is beneficial to improving low-frequency performance.

[0165] As shown in Figure 14C, when the speaker 30 shown in Figures 9A and 9B is in a non-working state, the system stiffness comes from the sum of the static stiffness of the vibration system (corresponding to the connecting curve of the diamond points) and the magnetic stiffness (corresponding to the connecting curve of the square points). At this time, since the static stiffness of the vibration system is positive stiffness and the magnetic stiffness is zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness within a small amplitude, the total static stiffness of the system (corresponding to the connecting curve of the triangle points) is positive stiffness within a small amplitude and is in a stable state, thereby achieving the effect of small amplitude centering and avoiding instability.

[0166] Therefore, as can be seen from Figures 14A to 14C , the speaker 30 shown in Figures 9A and 9B , by adding and designing a magnetic stiffness curve compared to a conventional speaker, can achieve small-amplitude centering and large-amplitude negative magnetic stiffness, helping to improve the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker 30 while avoiding static instability. It is understandable that the speaker 30 shown in Figure 5 has a stiffness curve similar to that of the speaker 30 shown in Figures 9A and 9B , primarily in the equilibrium position and negative stiffness region. Therefore, the total static stiffness of the system is positive at or near the equilibrium position, thus avoiding static instability.

[0167] Referring again to Figures 9A and 9B, during the shaping process of the gap 3d, the position, area, and depth of the near-zero stiffness zone can be adjusted by adjusting the position and size of the groove 3f. The depth refers to the proximity to zero magnetic force / stiffness.

[0168] Exemplarily, in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, that is, in the thickness direction Z of the speaker, the height center of the groove 3f is flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic member 7. Among them, the height center of the groove 3f can usually correspond to the center position of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap 3d. By designing the height center of the groove 3f to be flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic member 7, that is, flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic member 7 when it is in the equilibrium position, it is beneficial for the moving magnetic member 7 to achieve zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness within a small amplitude. It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the center position of the near-zero stiffness zone can be fine-tuned by adjusting the height center of the groove 3f.

[0169] In some embodiments, the loudspeaker 30 is designed with a gap 3d so that the height range of the near-zero stiffness zone is ±H nz The unilateral amplitude of the moving magnetic member 7 is less than or equal to ±30%. In the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, the unilateral amplitude of the moving magnetic member 7 is (H0-T) / 2.

[0170] For example, in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, the height H of the groove 3f of the gap 3d, the thickness T of the dynamic magnetic member 7, and the height H0 of the central magnetic portion 3a satisfy the following: 0.5≤H / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5. In this embodiment, the height center of the groove 3f of the gap 3d is generally consistent with the geometric center of the dynamic magnetic member 7, and the height dimension of the groove 3f is within the range of ±H of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap 3d. nz Positive correlation, by designing 0.5≤H / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5, the gap 3d forms a near-zero stiffness zone within 30% of the amplitude of the dynamic magnetic part 7, so that the speaker 30 can better achieve the centering effect of the balanced position.

[0171] In some embodiments, the loudspeaker 30 designs the gap 3d so that the magnetic force received by the moving magnetic member 7 in the near-zero stiffness zone is very small, so as to better achieve zero stiffness. For example, the magnetic force received by the moving magnetic member 7 in the zero stiffness zone can be reduced to 0.2 times or less of the magnetic force received by the moving magnetic member 7 at the corresponding amplitude position in the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG5 (hereinafter referred to as the unslotted solution). Exemplarily, this can be achieved by designing the width of the groove 3f and the gap between the moving magnetic member 7 and the central magnetic portion 3a. Generally, the smaller the gap between the moving magnetic member 7 and the central magnetic portion 3a, the smaller the width of the groove 3f.

[0172] In this embodiment, the speaker 30 is configured to have a near-zero stiffness range of ±H nz The unilateral amplitude of the moving magnetic part 7 is less than or equal to ±30%, and the near-zero stiffness zone (assuming the equilibrium position is 0, -H nz ~H nz The force applied to the moving magnet 7 within the near-zero stiffness range satisfies the following condition: abs(F2(-Hnz~Hnz))≤0.2*F1(Hnz). Here, F2 corresponds to the loudspeaker 30 shown in Figures 9A and 9B, and F1 corresponds to the loudspeaker 30 shown in Figure 5. At this point, the moving magnet 7 is essentially unaffected by magnetic forces or experiences very little magnetic force within the near-zero stiffness range. Therefore, it is not subject to significant magnetic forces due to height tolerances, thus preventing imbalance.

[0173] In some examples, the near-zero stiffness zone can be designed to be 0.2mm*2. Specifically, the width and height dimensions of the rectangular slot of the speaker 30 shown in FIG9A can be approximately 0.45mm*0.4mm, which is within the range of 0.5 to 1.5 times the near-zero stiffness zone. The force conditions of the dynamic magnetic part 7 can easily meet the above requirements. The dimensions of the triangular slot of the speaker 30 shown in FIG9B are approximately 0.45mm*0.45mm. Similarly, within the range of 0.5 to 1.5 times the near-zero stiffness zone, the force conditions of the dynamic magnetic part 7 can easily meet the above requirements. The relevant magnetic fields and data of FIG11A to FIG13 can be obtained by simulating the above-mentioned speaker 30.

[0174] In the foregoing embodiments, the loudspeaker 30 realizes the design of the near-zero stiffness zone and the negative stiffness zone by shaping the gap 3D. In other embodiments, the loudspeaker 30 may also adopt a scheme of introducing other magnetic components to realize the design of the near-zero stiffness zone and the negative stiffness zone, which is described below with examples.

[0175] Please refer to Figures 15 to 16B. Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 1A in other embodiments. Figure 16A is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 15. Figure 16B is an exploded view of the structure shown in Figure 16A. The speaker 30 shown in Figure 15 can include most of the technical features of the speaker 30 in the previous embodiment. The following mainly describes the differences between the two embodiments, and most of the common technical features between the two embodiments will not be repeated.

[0176] In some embodiments, the speaker 30 further includes an adjustable magnetic member 9, which is located in the gap 3d and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a. The adjustable magnetic member 9 surrounds the dynamic magnetic member 7 and is spaced apart from the dynamic magnetic member 7. Exemplarily, the speaker 30 may further include a bracket 40, which is located in the gap 3d and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a. The adjustable magnetic member 9 is embedded in the bracket 40. In this embodiment, the adjustable magnetic member 9 is fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a via the bracket 40, which can increase the connection stability between the adjustable magnetic member 9 and the central magnetic portion 3a, prevent the adjustable magnetic member 9 from falling off, and improve the structural reliability of the speaker 30.

[0177] Exemplarily, the adjusting magnetic member 9 can be a continuous annular structure, and the adjusting magnetic member 9 surrounds the four sides of the dynamic magnetic member 7. In this case, the bracket 40 can be provided with an annular groove 401, and the adjusting magnetic member 9 is installed in the annular groove 401 to be embedded in the bracket 40. In other embodiments, the adjusting magnetic member 9 can include multiple magnetic parts, and the multiple magnetic parts are symmetrical structures. The multiple magnetic parts can be two, four, etc., and the multiple magnetic parts are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides or around the dynamic magnetic member 7.

[0178] A concave-convex fitting structure may be provided between the bracket 40 and the adjustable magnetic member 9 to increase the stability of the connection between the two. The bracket 40 and the adjustable magnetic member 9 may be integrally formed using an in-mold injection molding process. In other embodiments, the bracket 40 and the adjustable magnetic member 9 may also be obtained using other processes, which are not strictly limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0179] Please refer to FIG. 15 and FIG. 17 in combination. FIG. 17 is a simplified structural diagram of the central magnetic portion 3 a , the moving magnetic member 7 and the adjusting magnetic member 9 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG. 15 .

[0180] In some embodiments, the regulating magnetic member 9 can be a soft magnet. Among them, the soft magnet is a magnetic material with low coercive force and high magnetic permeability, such as silicon steel or generally used cold-rolled carbon steel sheet and steel strip (SPCC). Soft magnets are easy to magnetize and easy to demagnetize. In this embodiment, the regulating magnetic member 9 is located in the gap 3d of the central magnetic portion 3a, so the regulating magnetic member 9 is magnetized by the magnetic field in the gap 3d. The magnetic pole of the regulating magnetic member 9 close to the end of the diaphragm 2 is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a close to the end of the diaphragm 2. The magnetic pole of the regulating magnetic member 9 away from the end of the diaphragm 2 is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a away from the end of the diaphragm 2. The regulating magnetic member 9 generates a magnetic field opposite to the magnetic field of the gap 3d in its vicinity. Therefore, the magnetic field in the gap 3d can be adjusted, reducing the gradient distribution of the original magnetic field, thereby achieving the expansion and adjustability of the equilibrium zone of the dynamic magnetic member 7 to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone.

[0181] In other embodiments, the adjusting magnetic member 9 can be a permanent magnet. The permanent magnet is made of permanent magnetic material, also known as "hard magnetic material", which refers to a material that can maintain constant magnetism once magnetized, such as neodymium iron boron or ferrite. The magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic member 9 close to the end of the diaphragm 2 is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a close to the end of the diaphragm 2, and the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic member 9 away from the end of the diaphragm 2 is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a away from the end of the diaphragm 2. At this time, the adjusting magnetic member 9 can also generate a magnetic field in the vicinity thereof that is opposite to the magnetic field of the gap 3d, so the magnetic field in the gap 3d can be adjusted, thereby achieving the expansion and adjustability of the balance zone of the dynamic magnetic member 7 to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone.

[0182] In this embodiment, the speaker 30 is able to adjust the magnetic field of the gap 3d by adding an adjustment magnetic part 9 and making the polarity direction of the adjustment magnetic part 9 opposite to the polarity direction of the central magnetic part 3a to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone, so that the dynamic magnetic part 7 can achieve near-zero stiffness within a small amplitude range corresponding to the near-zero stiffness zone to achieve centering.

[0183] Please refer to Figures 18A to 20D in conjunction. Figures 18A to 18D are magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic member 7 of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 15 in an embodiment in which no adjustable magnetic member 9 is provided. Figures 19A to 19D are magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic member 7 of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 15 in an embodiment in which the adjustable magnetic member 9 is a soft magnet. Figures 20A to 20D are magnetic field simulation diagrams 1 to 4 of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic member 7 of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 15 in an embodiment in which the adjustable magnetic member 9 is a permanent magnet. In Figures 18A to 20D, the lighter the color of a region in the gap 3d, the stronger the magnetic field.

[0184] 18A and 18B primarily illustrate the magnetic field of the central magnetic portion 3a at the gap 3d. As shown in FIG18A , when the moving magnetic element 7 is in equilibrium, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic element 7 are relatively symmetrical, and the net force acting on the moving magnetic element 7 is 0 or nearly 0. As shown in FIG18B , when the moving magnetic element 7 is above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic element 7 differ, and the moving magnetic element 7 is subjected to an upward net force. This force is opposite in direction to the restoring force of the vibration system of the speaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness force.

[0185] Figures 18C and 18D simultaneously show the magnetic fields of the central magnetic portion 3a and the moving magnetic element 7 at the gap 3d. As shown in Figure 18C, when the moving magnetic element 7 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic element 7 are relatively symmetrical, and the net force acting on the moving magnetic element 7 is 0 or nearly 0. As shown in Figure 18D, when the moving magnetic element 7 is above the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic element 7 form a difference, and the moving magnetic element 7 is subjected to an upward net force. This force is opposite to the restoring force of the vibration system of the speaker 30 itself, forming a negative stiffness force.

[0186] Among them, in the solution where the speaker 30 is provided with a moving magnetic member 7, and the moving magnetic member 7 is a soft magnet: Comparing Figures 19A to 19D with Figures 18A to 18D, it can be clearly seen that the magnetic field in Figures 19A to 19D undergoes a significant change near the groove 3f. Among them, Figures 19A and 19B mainly show the magnetic field of the central magnetic portion 3a at the gap 3d. As shown in Figure 19A, when the moving magnetic member 7 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic member 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the net force on the moving magnetic member 7 is 0 or nearly 0. As shown in Figure 19B, when the moving magnetic member 7 is a distance above the equilibrium position, although the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic member 7 form a difference, the difference in Figure 19B is significantly smaller than the difference in Figure 18B. The force on the moving magnetic member 7 in Figure 19B can be reduced to nearly 0 compared to the force on the moving magnetic member 7 in Figure 7B. In Figure 19B, the moving magnetic member 7 is in a near-zero stiffness region. Of course, when the moving magnetic member 7 continues to move upward, it will enter a region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, a negative stiffness region.

[0187] Figures 19C and 19D mainly show the magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d. As shown in Figure 19C, when the moving magnetic part 7 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. As shown in Figure 19D, when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, although the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 form a difference, the difference in Figure 19D is significantly smaller than that in Figure 18D. The force on the moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 19D can be reduced to nearly 0 compared to the force on the moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 7D. The moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 19D is in a near-zero stiffness zone. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter an area with a large magnetic field difference, that is, it will enter a negative stiffness zone.

[0188] Similarly, in the case where the speaker 30 is provided with a moving magnetic element 7, where the moving magnetic element 7 is a permanent magnet, comparing Figures 20A to 20D with Figures 18A to 18D, it can be clearly seen that the magnetic field in Figures 20A to 20D undergoes a significant change near the groove 3f. Figures 20A and 20B primarily depict the magnetic field of the central magnetic portion 3a at the gap 3d. As shown in Figure 20A, when the moving magnetic element 7 is in an equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic element 7 are relatively symmetrical, and the net force acting on the moving magnetic element 7 is zero or nearly zero. As shown in Figure 20B, when the moving magnetic element 7 is a distance above the equilibrium position, although the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic element 7 differ, the difference in Figure 20B is significantly smaller than that in Figure 18B. The force acting on the moving magnetic element 7 in Figure 20B can be reduced to nearly zero compared to the force acting on the moving magnetic element 7 in Figure 7B, and the moving magnetic element 7 in Figure 20B is in a near-zero stiffness region. Of course, when the moving magnetic member 7 continues to move upward, it will enter a region with a large magnetic field difference, that is, a negative stiffness region.

[0189] Figures 20C and 20D mainly show the magnetic field of the central magnetic part 3a at the gap 3d. As shown in Figure 20C, when the moving magnetic part 7 is in the equilibrium position, the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the moving magnetic part 7 are relatively symmetrical magnetic fields, and the resultant force on the moving magnetic part 7 is 0 or nearly 0. As shown in Figure 20D, when the moving magnetic part 7 is at a distance above the equilibrium position, although the magnetic fields on the upper and lower sides of the moving magnetic part 7 form a difference, the difference in Figure 20D is significantly reduced compared to the difference in Figure 18D. The force on the moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 20D can be reduced to nearly 0 compared to the force on the moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 7D. The moving magnetic part 7 in Figure 20D is in a near-zero stiffness zone. Of course, when the moving magnetic part 7 continues to move upward, it will enter an area with a large magnetic field difference, that is, it will enter a negative stiffness zone.

[0190] Please refer to FIG. 21 , which is a force curve diagram of the dynamic magnetic member 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG. 15 in a solution without the adjustment magnetic member 9 and in a solution with the adjustment magnetic member 9 made of a soft magnet.

[0191] In FIG21 , the horizontal axis represents the amplitude of the dynamic magnetic part 7, in micrometers (μm), and the horizontal axis represents the resultant force on the dynamic magnetic part 7, in millinewtons (mN). The connecting curve of the triangular points in FIG21 is the force curve of the dynamic magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG15 in the scheme without the adjustment magnetic part 9, and the connecting curve of the diamond points and the connecting curve of the square points are both the force curves of the dynamic magnetic part 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG15 in the scheme with the adjustment magnetic part 9 made of a soft magnet, wherein the connecting curve of the diamond points corresponds to a height and width of the adjustment magnetic part 9 of approximately 0.25mm*0.35mm, and the connecting curve of the square points corresponds to a height and width of the adjustment magnetic part 9 of approximately 0.25mm*0.4mm.

[0192] As shown in FIG21 , in the solution in which the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG15 is provided with an adjustable magnetic member 9 made of a soft magnet, the force received by the dynamic magnetic member 7 in the small amplitude region (e.g., ≤±200um) is zero or nearly zero, and this region forms a near-zero stiffness region; in the large amplitude region, if the dynamic magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates upward, the resultant force received is an upward force, and if the dynamic magnetic member 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates downward, the resultant force received is a downward force, and this region is a negative stiffness region. Among them, in the connection curve solution of the diamond points, the near-zero stiffness region is slightly negative stiffness, and in the connection curve solution of the square points, the near-zero stiffness region is slightly positive stiffness, that is, by adjusting the size of the dynamic magnetic member 7, the stiffness in the near-zero stiffness region can be adjusted.

[0193] Please refer to FIG. 22 , which is a force curve diagram of the moving magnetic member 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG. 15 in the solution without the adjustment magnetic member 9 and with the adjustment magnetic member 9 using a permanent magnet.

[0194] In FIG22 , the horizontal axis represents the amplitude of the dynamic magnetic member 7, in micrometers (μm), and the horizontal axis represents the resultant force on the dynamic magnetic member 7, in millinewtons (mN). The connecting curve of the triangular points in FIG22 is the force curve of the dynamic magnetic member 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG15 in the scheme without the adjustment magnetic member 9, and the connecting curve of the diamond points and the connecting curve of the square points are both the force curves of the dynamic magnetic member 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG15 in the scheme with the adjustment magnetic member 9 using a permanent magnet, wherein the connecting curve of the diamond points corresponds to a height and width of the adjustment magnetic member 9 of approximately 0.25mm*0.35mm, and the connecting curve of the square points corresponds to a height and width of the adjustment magnetic member 9 of approximately 0.25mm*0.4mm.

[0195] As shown in Figure 22, in the scheme in which the loudspeaker 30 shown in Figure 15 is provided with an adjustable magnetic part 9 using a permanent magnet, the force applied to its moving magnetic part 7 in the small amplitude area (for example, ≤±200um) is zero or near zero, and this area forms a near-zero stiffness area; in the large amplitude area, if the moving magnetic part 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates upward, the resultant force applied to it is an upward force, and if the moving magnetic part 7 deviates from the equilibrium position and vibrates downward, the resultant force applied to it is a downward force, and this area is a negative stiffness area.

[0196] Therefore, through the simulated magnetic field and force analysis of the dynamic magnetic part 7 in Figures 18A to 22, it can be seen that the speaker 30 places the dynamic magnetic part 7 in the gap 3d of the central magnetic part 3a, and the magnetic pole setting of the dynamic magnetic part 7 is consistent with the magnetic pole setting of the central magnetic part 3a. By setting an adjusting magnetic part 9 in the gap 3d, the magnetic field of the gap 3d is adjusted by the adjusting magnetic part 9 to obtain a near-zero stiffness zone and a negative stiffness zone, so that the dynamic magnetic part 7 achieves zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness when vibrating with a small amplitude (corresponding to the near-zero stiffness zone), which is conducive to achieving a centering effect. When the dynamic magnetic part 7 vibrates with a large amplitude (corresponding to the negative stiffness zone), it achieves negative stiffness, thereby reducing the system stiffness, which is conducive to improving the low-frequency sensitivity of the speaker 30 and making the low-frequency performance of the speaker 30 better.

[0197] Please refer to Figures 15 and 17 again. In some embodiments, in the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, the height center of the adjustment magnetic member 9 is flush with the geometric center of the dynamic magnetic member 7. Among them, the height center of the adjustment magnetic member 9 can usually correspond to the center position of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap 3d. By designing the height center of the adjustment magnetic member 9 to be flush with the geometric center of the dynamic magnetic member 7, that is, flush with the geometric center of the dynamic magnetic member 7 when it is in the equilibrium position, it is beneficial for the dynamic magnetic member 7 to achieve zero stiffness or near-zero stiffness within a small amplitude. It can be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the center position of the near-zero stiffness zone can be fine-tuned by adjusting the height center of the adjustment magnetic member 9.

[0198] In some embodiments, the loudspeaker 30 can adjust the size of the magnetic member 9 by design so that the height range of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap 3d is ±H nz The unilateral amplitude of the moving magnetic member 7 is less than or equal to ±30%. In the direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2, the unilateral amplitude of the moving magnetic member 7 is (H0-T) / 2.

[0199] Exemplarily, in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm 2 , the height H′ of the adjustment magnetic member 9 , the thickness T of the dynamic magnetic member 7 , and the height H0 of the central magnetic portion 3 a are adjusted to satisfy: 0.5≤H′ / (0.3*(H0−T))≤1.5.

[0200] In this embodiment, the height center of the magnetic member 9 is usually adjusted to be consistent with the geometric center of the dynamic magnetic member 7, and the height of the magnetic member 9 is adjusted to be within the range of ±H of the near-zero stiffness zone of the gap 3d.nz Positive correlation, by designing 0.5≤H' / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.5, the gap 3d forms a near-zero stiffness zone within 30% of the amplitude of the dynamic magnetic part 7, so that the speaker 30 can better achieve the centering effect of the equilibrium position.

[0201] It is understandable that the loudspeaker 30 can also adjust the width of the magnetic member 9 and the gap between the magnetic member 9 and the dynamic magnetic member 7 through design to achieve depth adjustment of the near-zero stiffness zone.

[0202] Please refer to Figures 23 to 24B. Figure 23 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 1A in other embodiments. Figure 24A is a schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 23. Figure 24B is an exploded view of the structure shown in Figure 24A. The speaker 30 shown in Figure 23 can include most of the technical features of the speaker 30 in the previous embodiment. The following mainly describes the differences between the two embodiments, and most of the common technical features between the two embodiments will not be repeated.

[0203] In some embodiments, the speaker 30 further includes an adjustable magnetic member 9, two mating magnetic members 50, and a bracket 40. The adjustable magnetic member 9 is located in the gap 3d and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a. The adjustable magnetic member 9 surrounds the dynamic magnetic member 7 and is spaced apart from the dynamic magnetic member 7. The two mating magnetic members 50 are both located in the gap 3d and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a. The two mating magnetic members 50 are respectively located on opposite sides of the adjustable magnetic member 9 and are spaced apart from the adjustable magnetic member 9. The bracket 40 is located in the gap 3d and fixedly connected to the central magnetic portion 3a. The adjustable magnetic member 9 and the two mating magnetic members 50 can be fixed to the bracket 40, for example, can be embedded in the bracket 40.

[0204] In this embodiment, the adjusting magnetic part 9 and the two mating magnetic parts 50 are fixedly connected to the central magnetic part 3a through the bracket 40, which can increase the connection stability between the adjusting magnetic part 9 and the two mating magnetic parts 50 and the central magnetic part 3a, prevent the adjusting magnetic part 9 and the two mating magnetic parts 50 from falling off, and improve the structural reliability of the speaker 30.

[0205] The design scheme for adjusting the magnetic member 9 may refer to the relevant contents of the speaker 30 shown in FIG15 , and will not be described in detail below.

[0206] Exemplarily, the cooperating magnetic member 50 can be a continuous annular structure. In this case, the bracket 40 can be provided with an annular groove 402, and the adjusting magnetic member 9 is installed in the annular groove 402 to be embedded in the bracket 40. In other embodiments, the adjusting magnetic member 9 can include multiple magnetic parts, and the multiple magnetic parts are symmetrical structures. The multiple magnetic parts can be two, four, etc. In some examples, the adjusting magnetic member 9 can be embedded in the middle of the bracket 40, and the two cooperating magnetic members 50 can be embedded in the top and bottom of the bracket 40 respectively.

[0207] A concave-convex mating structure may be provided between the bracket 40 and the mating magnetic member 50 to increase the stability of the connection between the two. The bracket 40 and the mating magnetic member 50 may be integrally formed using an in-mold injection molding process. In other embodiments, the bracket 40 and the mating magnetic member 50 may also be obtained using other processes, which are not strictly limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0208] Please refer to Figure 23 and Figure 25 in combination. Figure 25 is a schematic structural diagram of the central magnetic part 3a, the dynamic magnetic part 7, the adjustment magnetic part 9 and the matching magnetic part 50 of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 23.

[0209] In some embodiments, the cooperating magnetic member 50 can be a soft magnet. Soft magnets are made of magnetic materials with low coercivity and high magnetic permeability. Soft magnets are easy to magnetize and demagnetize. In this embodiment, two cooperating magnetic members 50 are located in the gap 3d of the central magnetic portion 3a, and are located on opposite sides of the adjustment magnetic member 9. Therefore, the cooperating magnetic members 50 are magnetized by the magnetic field in the gap 3d. The magnetic pole of the cooperating magnetic member 50 near the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a near the diaphragm 2. The magnetic pole of the cooperating magnetic member 50 away from the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic portion 3a away from the diaphragm 2. The polarization direction of the cooperating magnetic member 50 is the same as the polarization direction of the central magnetic portion 3a. The cooperating magnetic member 50 generates a magnetic field in its vicinity that is identical to the magnetic field in the gap 3d. Therefore, the magnetic field in the gap 3d can be adjusted, thereby achieving adjustment of the growth rate of the magnetic force / stiffness curve for medium and high amplitudes (which may correspond to the negative stiffness region of the gap 3d).

[0210] In other embodiments, the cooperating magnetic member 50 is a permanent magnet. The permanent magnet is made of permanent magnetic material, also known as "hard magnetic material", which refers to a material that can maintain constant magnetism once magnetized. The magnetic pole of the cooperating magnetic member 50 close to the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a close to the diaphragm 2, the magnetic pole of the cooperating magnetic member 50 away from the diaphragm 2 is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part 3a away from the diaphragm 2, and the polarization direction of the cooperating magnetic member 50 is the same as the polarization direction of the central magnetic part 3a. At this time, the cooperating magnetic member 50 can also generate a magnetic field in its vicinity that is the same as the magnetic field of the gap 3d, so the magnetic field in the gap 3d can be adjusted, thereby achieving the growth rate adjustment of the magnetic force / stiffness curve of medium and high amplitudes (which can correspond to the negative stiffness zone of the gap 3d).

[0211] In this embodiment, the speaker 30 is able to adjust the magnetic field of the gap 3d by adding a matching magnetic part 50 and making the polarity direction of the matching magnetic part 50 opposite to the polarity direction of the central magnetic part 3a, so as to adjust the growth rate of the magnetic force / stiffness curve in the negative stiffness zone.

[0212] Please refer to FIG. 26 , which is a force curve diagram of the moving magnetic member 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in FIG. 23 in the solutions without and with the matching magnetic member 50 .

[0213] In Figure 26 , the horizontal axis represents the amplitude of the dynamic magnetic element 7, in micrometers (μm), and the horizontal axis represents the net force applied to the dynamic magnetic element 7, in millinewtons (mN). The line connecting the diamond points in Figure 26 represents the force curve of the dynamic magnetic element 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in Figure 23 in a scheme in which the adjustable magnetic element 9 is provided but the mating magnetic element 50 is not provided. The line connecting the square points represents the force curve of the dynamic magnetic element 7 of the loudspeaker 30 shown in Figure 23 in a scheme in which both the adjustable magnetic element 9 and the mating magnetic element 50 are provided.

[0214] As shown in Figure 26, the speaker 30 is provided with a matching magnetic part 50 and a solution without a matching magnetic part 50. The force condition of the dynamic magnetic part 7 remains basically unchanged in the near-zero stiffness zone, while the slope adjustment of the magnetic force of the corresponding height is achieved at the position near the matching magnetic part 50 (this position corresponds to the negative stiffness zone), for example, the magnetic force increases faster in the range of 0.2mm to 0.5mm.

[0215] In the above embodiments, the moving magnetic member 7 is illustrated as a permanent magnet. In other embodiments, the moving magnetic member 7 may also be a composite structure, which is described below with examples.

[0216] Please refer to Figure 27, which is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the speaker 30 shown in Figure 1A in another embodiment. The speaker 30 shown in Figure 27 can include most of the technical features of the speaker 30 in the previous embodiment. The following mainly describes the differences between the two, and most of the common technical features are not repeated here.

[0217] In some embodiments, the moving magnetic member 7 may include at least two magnetic members 71. For example, the moving magnetic member 7 may include at least two permanent magnets, the magnetic pole settings of the at least two permanent magnets may be the same or different, and the shapes and sizes of the at least two permanent magnets may be the same or different. Alternatively, the moving magnetic member 7 may include at least one permanent magnet and at least one soft magnet. Among them, the at least two magnetic members 71 may be stacked in the height direction of the speaker 30. Alternatively, the at least two magnetic members 71 may also be stacked in other directions, or there may be multiple stacking directions or structures, which is not strictly limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0218] In this embodiment, the loudspeaker 30 can adjust the magnetic force or stiffness curve by designing the topology of the moving magnetic component 7 itself.

[0219] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other, and any combination of features in different embodiments is also within the scope of protection of this application. That is to say, the multiple embodiments described above can also be arbitrarily combined according to actual needs.

[0220] It should be noted that all the above drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the actual size of the product. Furthermore, the dimensional ratios between the components in the drawings are not intended to limit the actual product of the present application.

[0221] The above are only some of the embodiments and implementations of this application. The scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A loudspeaker, characterized in that: It comprises a shell, a magnetic circuit assembly, a diaphragm and a voice coil, wherein the magnetic circuit assembly is fixedly connected to the shell, the magnetic circuit assembly comprises a side magnetic part and a central magnetic part located inside the side magnetic part, a magnetic gap is formed between the central magnetic part and the side magnetic part, the diaphragm is fixedly connected to the shell, the diaphragm and the magnetic circuit assembly are arranged opposite to each other, one end of the voice coil is fixedly connected to the diaphragm, and the other end of the voice coil is located in the magnetic gap; Wherein, the central magnetic part is provided with a gap, and the gap is spaced apart from the magnetic gap; The speaker also includes a moving magnetic component and a connecting component. The moving magnetic component is located in the gap and is fixedly connected to the diaphragm through the connecting component. The magnetic pole of the moving magnetic component close to one end of the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to one end of the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the moving magnetic component away from one end of the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm.

2. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The magnetic circuit component has a bottom surface arranged opposite to the diaphragm, the gap forms a first projection on the bottom surface, the moving magnetic component forms a second projection on the bottom surface, and the second projection is located in the middle of the first projection.

3. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that In a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the geometric center of the moving magnetic member is flush with the height center of the central magnetic portion.

4. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The void includes a void body and a groove; The gap body extends in a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, and the moving magnetic component is located in the gap body; The groove is located on the peripheral side of the gap body and is connected to the gap body. The groove is arranged around the moving magnetic part.

5. The loudspeaker according to claim 4, characterized in that In a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the height center of the groove is flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic component, and the height H of the groove, the thickness T of the moving magnetic component and the height H0 of the central magnetic part satisfy: 0.5≤H / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.

5.

6. The loudspeaker according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The groove is a continuous annular groove; or, the groove includes a plurality of groove portions, and the plurality of groove portions are symmetrical structures.

7. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that The cross-sectional shape of the groove is rectangular, triangular, trapezoidal, semicircular or semi-elliptical.

8. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The speaker further comprises an adjusting magnetic member, the adjusting magnetic member is located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic part, the adjusting magnetic member surrounds the moving magnetic member and is spaced apart from the moving magnetic member; The adjusting magnetic component is a soft magnet; or, the adjusting magnetic component is a permanent magnet, the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic component close to one end of the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to one end of the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the adjusting magnetic component away from one end of the diaphragm is different from the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm.

9. The loudspeaker according to claim 8, characterized in that In a direction perpendicular to the diaphragm, the height center of the adjusting magnetic component is flush with the geometric center of the moving magnetic component, and the height H' of the adjusting magnetic component, the thickness T of the moving magnetic component and the height H0 of the central magnetic part satisfy: 0.5≤H' / (0.3*(H0-T))≤1.

5.

10. The loudspeaker according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The adjusting magnetic member is a continuous annular structure; or, the adjusting magnetic member includes a plurality of magnetic parts, and the plurality of magnetic parts are symmetrical structures.

11. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: The loudspeaker further comprises a bracket, which is located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic part, and the adjusting magnetic part is embedded in the bracket.

12. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that The speaker further comprises two matching magnetic parts, both of which are located in the gap and fixedly connected to the central magnetic part, and the two matching magnetic parts are respectively located on opposite sides of the adjusting magnetic part and are spaced apart from the adjusting magnetic part; The mating magnetic part is a soft magnet; or, the mating magnetic part is a permanent magnet, the magnetic pole of the mating magnetic part close to one end of the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part close to one end of the diaphragm, and the magnetic pole of the mating magnetic part away from one end of the diaphragm is the same as the magnetic pole of the central magnetic part away from the diaphragm.

13. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The magnetic circuit assembly includes a central magnet, a side magnet, a central magnetic conductive member, a side magnetic conductive member and a lower magnetic conductive member, wherein the side magnet surrounds the central magnet and is spaced apart from the central magnet, the central magnetic conductive member is fixed to a side of the central magnet facing the diaphragm, the side magnetic conductive member is fixed to a side of the side magnet facing the diaphragm and is spaced apart from the central magnetic conductive member, and the lower magnetic conductive member includes a first part and a second part surrounding the first part, the first part is fixed to a side of the central magnet facing away from the central magnetic conductive member, and the second part is fixed to a side of the side magnet facing away from the side magnetic conductive member; The central magnetic part includes the central magnet, the central magnetic conductive member and the first part, and the edge magnetic part includes the edge magnet, the edge magnetic conductive member and the second part; the gap runs through the central magnetic conductive member, the central magnet and the first part.

14. The loudspeaker according to claim 13, characterized in that The central magnet has a width W0 and a length L0, and the gap has a width W and a length L, satisfying: W*L≤W0*L0 / 9; or, W0 / L0=W / L, and W≤W0 / 3, L≤L0 / 3.

15. The loudspeaker according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that: A gap is formed between the moving magnetic part and the central magnet, and the width of the gap is greater than or equal to 0.1 mm.

16. The loudspeaker according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that The moving magnetic part includes a permanent magnet, or includes at least two permanent magnets, or includes at least one permanent magnet and at least one soft magnet.

17. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing and the speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the speaker is mounted on the housing.

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