Low-temperature adsorption system for flue gas

Abstract

Provided is a low-temperature adsorption system for flue gas, comprising a spray tower (1) and an adsorption tower (2) which are connected to each other, wherein the spray tower (1) has multiple-stage spray chambers, a spray assembly is correspondingly provided in each spray chamber and is configured to spray a spray liquid so as to cool down flue gas in the spray chamber, and the flue gas is cooled to below room temperature in the spray tower (1), and is then conveyed to the adsorption tower (2), thereby avoiding the problem that a conveying pipeline is blocked because moisture in the flue gas condenses into ice. The adsorption tower has an adsorption chamber (204) and a heat exchange chamber (202), an adsorbent (2042) is provided in the adsorption chamber (204), and the heat exchange chamber (202) is configured to continuously introduce a cooling liquid so as to indirectly cool both the flue gas and the adsorbent (2042), such that adsorption and purification of the flue gas are performed in a subzero-temperature zone, and the cooling liquid after heat exchange is supplied to any one-stage spray assembly as the spray liquid sprayed by the spray assembly.

Description

Flue gas low temperature adsorption system

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 2023114286395 filed in China on October 30, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of flue gas adsorption purification, and in particular to a flue gas low-temperature adsorption system. Background Art

[0004] Coal-fired flue gas desulfurization and denitrification processes primarily utilize SCR and FGD desulfurization processes. The SCR denitrification process can lead to ammonia escape and hazardous solid catalyst waste. The FGD desulfurization process uses limestone as a raw material, and the resulting gypsum product is difficult to dispose of and cannot be effectively treated. Furthermore, limestone mining can damage the mountain environment. Furthermore, the SCR and FGD desulfurization processes are inefficient in removing other pollutants such as heavy metals, VOCs, and halides.

[0005] Related technologies utilize activated coke desulfurization and low-temperature flue gas pollutant removal technologies to achieve integrated pollutant removal, improving removal efficiency. However, activated coke desulfurization suffers from low adsorption efficiency and requires large amounts of adsorbent, resulting in bulky adsorption towers. Low-temperature flue gas pollutant removal can also lead to blockage in flue gas pipelines, reducing removal efficiency.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present disclosure is based on the inventors' findings and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0008] In related technologies, activated coke desulfurization processes operate at relatively high temperatures, typically around 100°C. This results in low adsorption capacity for the adsorbent, leading to large adsorbent usage and bulky adsorption towers. Furthermore, the adsorption and removal of pollutants releases significant heat, impacting the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent.

[0009] During the low-temperature flue gas pollutant removal process, the flue gas is first cooled to sub-zero temperatures using direct spray cooling within a spray tower. The cooled flue gas is then transported to an adsorption tower for adsorption purification. Because the moisture in the sub-zero flue gas condenses into ice, ice crystals accumulate in the flue gas outlet pipe of the spray tower, causing pipe blockage and reducing the flue gas delivery rate, thereby reducing the efficiency of flue gas pollutant removal.

[0010] The present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent. To this end, the present disclosure provides a flue gas low-temperature adsorption system that has good flue gas cooling and adsorption purification effects.

[0011] The flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: a spray tower and an adsorption tower, wherein a partition is provided in the spray tower to vertically divide the inner cavity of the spray tower into multiple spray chambers, and a spray assembly is correspondingly provided in the spray chamber, and the spray assembly is used to spray a spray liquid to cool the flue gas in the spray chamber. A ventilation component is provided on the partition to allow the flue gas to enter the upper spray chamber from the lower spray chamber and prevent the spray liquid sprayed by the upper spray assembly from entering the lower spray chamber. The flue gas is cooled to a low-temperature flue gas below room temperature after passing through the multiple spray chambers in sequence and then discharged. The spray tower and the adsorption tower are connected to the spray tower to transport the low-temperature flue gas cooled by the spray tower to the adsorption tower. The inner cavity of the adsorption tower includes an adsorption chamber and a heat exchange chamber. The adsorption chamber contains an adsorbent. The heat exchange chamber is used to continuously pass a cooling liquid to indirectly cool the flue gas and the adsorbent in the adsorption chamber while the adsorbent adsorbs and purifies the flue gas, so that the adsorption purification of the flue gas is carried out in the sub-zero temperature zone, and the cooling liquid after heat exchange with the flue gas and the adsorbent is supplied to any level of the spray assembly as the spray liquid sprayed by the spray assembly.

[0012] The low-temperature flue gas adsorption system of the disclosed embodiments maintains the flue gas and adsorbent in a subzero temperature range, adsorbing pollutants in the flue gas within this subzero temperature range. This increases the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent, thereby reducing the amount of adsorbent required within the adsorption tower, reducing the tower's volume and initial construction costs. Furthermore, the coolant continuously flowing into the heat exchange chamber promptly removes the heat generated during the flue gas adsorption purification process, preventing the problem of increased adsorbent temperature leading to a decrease in adsorption efficiency.

[0013] In addition, the flue gas is cooled to a low-temperature flue gas below room temperature by the spray tower. The low-temperature flue gas enters the adsorption tower and is indirectly cooled to a sub-zero temperature zone by the coolant. Compared with the spray tower in the related art that directly cools the flue gas to sub-zero temperature before transporting it to the adsorption tower, the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the disclosed embodiment avoids the problem of moisture in the flue gas transported from the spray tower to the adsorption tower condensing into ice and causing pipe blockage. In addition, the coolant in the heat exchange chamber that has exchanged heat with the flue gas and adsorbent can be used as the spray liquid for spray cooling the flue gas in the spray tower. After further heat exchange in the spray tower, the coolant is re-cooled to a preset temperature by the refrigerator before being transported to the heat exchange chamber, realizing the hierarchical utilization of cooling capacity, reducing refrigeration equipment, and reducing energy consumption.

[0014] In some embodiments, the spray chamber is two-stage and includes a first-stage spray chamber and a second-stage spray chamber located above the first-stage spray chamber. The spray assembly is two-stage and includes a first-stage spray assembly arranged in the first-stage spray chamber and a second-stage spray assembly arranged in the second-stage spray chamber. The spray liquid sprayed by the first-stage spray assembly cools the flue gas to a first temperature, which is 15°C to 35°C. The spray liquid sprayed by the second-stage spray assembly cools the flue gas at the first temperature to a second temperature, which is 5°C to 10°C. The cooling liquid in the heat exchange chamber cools the flue gas at the second temperature to a third temperature, which is -20°C to -5°C.

[0015] In the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the 80°C flue gas entering the spray tower is cooled to 15°C~35°C (room temperature) by the spray liquid sprayed by the first-stage spray assembly, and then cooled to 5°C~10°C (below room temperature) by the spray liquid sprayed by the second-stage spray assembly. Finally, it is indirectly cooled to -20°C~-5°C (sub-zero temperature zone) by the coolant in the heat exchange chamber in the adsorption tower, so as to achieve step-by-step cooling of the flue gas and improve the cooling effect of the flue gas. Compared with directly cooling the flue gas to sub-zero temperature through the coolant, the energy consumption of the refrigeration equipment used in the step-by-step cooling method is lower.

[0016] In some embodiments, the cooling liquid after heat exchange in the heat exchange chamber is supplied to the secondary spray assembly.

[0017] In the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the disclosed embodiment, the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchange chamber after exchanging heat with the flue gas and adsorbent is between -5°C and 0°C. Compared to the spray temperature of the first-stage spray assembly, the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchange chamber after exchanging heat with the flue gas and adsorbent is closer to the spray temperature of the second-stage spray assembly. Therefore, the coolant after heat exchange is supplied to the second-stage spray assembly, achieving efficient utilization of cooling capacity.

[0018] In some embodiments, the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system also includes a cooling tower and a refrigeration machine. The first-level spray liquid inlet of the spray tower is connected to the outlet of the cooling tower, and the first-level spray liquid outlet of the spray tower is connected to the inlet of the cooling tower to form a first-level spray liquid circulation loop. The outlet of the refrigeration machine is connected to the cooling liquid inlet of the adsorption tower, and the cooling liquid outlet of the adsorption tower is connected to the second-level spray liquid inlet of the spray tower. The second-level spray liquid outlet of the spray tower is connected to the inlet of the refrigeration machine to form a second-level spray liquid circulation loop.

[0019] In the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the cooling capacity of the first-level spray liquid comes from the cooling tower (natural cooling), and the cooling capacity of the second-level spray liquid and the cooling liquid in the heat exchange chamber comes from the refrigerator (electric cooling or absorption cooling). Compared with the entire system using refrigerator cooling, the cooling of the entire system uses lower energy consumption.

[0020] In some embodiments, the adsorption tower includes a tower body, a first support member and a second support member arranged in the tower body, the first support member and the second support member isolate the inner cavity of the tower body into a feed cavity, a heat exchange cavity and a discharge cavity in sequence, and a plurality of adsorption cylinders are arranged in the heat exchange cavity, one end of the adsorption cylinder is connected to the feed cavity, and the other end of the adsorption cylinder is connected to the discharge cavity, and the inner cavity of the adsorption cylinder constitutes the adsorption cavity.

[0021] In the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the adsorption tube is entirely arranged in the heat exchange chamber so that the coolant is in full contact with the outer peripheral wall of the adsorption tube, thereby achieving the optimal heat exchange effect.

[0022] In some embodiments, the feed chamber, the heat exchange chamber and the discharge chamber are arranged vertically in sequence.

[0023] In the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the flue gas flows from bottom to top in the adsorption tower, which complies with the flue gas flow law (for example, the flue gas emitted from the chimney flows upward) to ensure the flow rate of the flue gas in the adsorption tower.

[0024] In some embodiments, the feed chamber has an adsorbent inlet located at the top thereof, and the discharge chamber has an adsorbent outlet located at the bottom thereof, so that the adsorbent is continuously or intermittently supplied into the feed chamber from the adsorbent inlet and continuously or intermittently flows out of the discharge chamber from the adsorbent outlet.

[0025] The flue gas adsorption purification equipment of the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure is a moving bed adsorption tower. The flue gas and the adsorbent are in countercurrent contact, the utilization rate of the adsorbent is high, and the adsorption effect is good.

[0026] In some embodiments, the heat exchange chamber has a cooling liquid inlet at its bottom and a cooling liquid outlet at its top, so that the cooling liquid is continuously supplied into the heat exchange chamber from the cooling liquid inlet and continuously flows out of the heat exchange chamber from the cooling liquid outlet.

[0027] In the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the cooling liquid in the heat exchange chamber flows from bottom to top, so that the cooling liquid fully immerses the outer peripheral wall of the adsorption cylinder, ensuring the optimal cooling effect.

[0028] In some embodiments, the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system further includes a deflection component, which is disposed in the heat exchange chamber to deflect and rise the coolant entering the heat exchange chamber.

[0029] In some embodiments, the deflection assembly includes a plurality of deflection baffles, which are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The deflection baffles and the inner wall of the heat exchange chamber define rising notches, and two adjacent rising notches are staggered in the vertical direction.

[0030] The flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure utilizes a deflection baffle to deflect the coolant flowing from bottom to top, thereby increasing the flow time of the coolant in the heat exchange chamber and further improving the cooling effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a flue gas low-temperature adsorption system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0032] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an adsorbent of a flue gas low-temperature adsorption system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] Spray tower 1, first-level spray assembly 11, second-level spray assembly 12, first-level spray chamber 101, second-level spray chamber 102,

[0035] Adsorption tower 2, first support 21, second support 22, adsorption cylinder 23, baffle 24, feed chamber 201, heat exchange chamber 202, discharge chamber 203, adsorption chamber 204, breathable shell 2041, adsorbent 2042,

[0036] Cooling tower 3, refrigeration machine 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present disclosure, but should not be understood as limiting the present disclosure.

[0038] The flue gas low-temperature adsorption system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] As shown in FIG1 , the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a spray tower 1 and an adsorption tower 2 .

[0040] Spray tower 1 is provided with partitions to divide its interior into multiple stages of spray chambers, which are spaced vertically apart. In other words, spray tower 1 is a vertical container, and partitions are provided horizontally within spray tower 1 to divide its interior into multiple stages of spray chambers from bottom to top.

[0041] The spray tower 1 has a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet. The flue gas inlet of the spray tower 1 is located at the bottom of the spray tower 1 and is connected to the spray chamber at the lowest level. The flue gas outlet of the spray tower 1 is located at the top of the spray tower 1 and is connected to the spray chamber at the highest level.

[0042] A corresponding spray assembly is provided in the spray chamber, which is used to spray spray liquid to cool the flue gas in the spray chamber. A ventilation component (e.g., an air cap) is provided on the partition to allow flue gas to enter the upper spray chamber from the lower spray chamber and prevent the spray liquid sprayed by the upper spray assembly from entering the lower spray chamber.

[0043] The spray tower 1 has spray liquid outlets corresponding to the multi-stage spray chambers. The spray liquid sprayed by the spray assembly exchanges heat with the flue gas and is discharged out of the tower through the spray liquid outlet. It is then transported to the corresponding refrigeration equipment to be cooled to a preset temperature and then transported back to the spray assembly.

[0044] The flue gas passes through the multi-stage spray chamber in sequence and is cooled to low-temperature flue gas below room temperature before being discharged from the spray tower 1. That is, the flue gas at 70℃ to 90℃ enters the lowest spray chamber through the flue gas inlet of the spray tower 1, flows from bottom to top and passes through the spray chambers of each stage in sequence, and is cooled to below room temperature by the spray liquid sprayed in the spray chambers of each stage. The cooled flue gas is discharged through the flue gas outlet of the spray tower 1.

[0045] Adsorption tower 2 is connected to spray tower 1 via a pipeline to transport the low-temperature flue gas cooled by spray tower 1 to adsorption tower 2. Adsorption tower 2 also has a flue gas inlet and a flue gas outlet. The interior of adsorption tower 2 includes an adsorption chamber 204 and a heat exchange chamber 202. The flue gas inlet and flue gas outlet of adsorption tower 2 are respectively connected to the adsorption chamber 204. Adsorption chamber 204 contains adsorbent 2042. The low-temperature flue gas transported from spray tower 1 enters the adsorption chamber 204 through the flue gas inlet of adsorption tower 2 for adsorption purification. The clean flue gas after adsorption purification is discharged through the flue gas outlet of adsorption tower 2. The clean flue gas that meets the standards is discharged into the atmosphere.

[0046] As shown in FIG2 , the adsorbent 2042 in the adsorption chamber 204 can be in the form of an adsorption unit, which includes a breathable housing 2041 and an adsorbent 2042 filled within the breathable housing 2041. The adsorbent 2042 can be a granular or powdered adsorbent 2042, or an adsorbent body made of powdered or granular adsorbent 2042, such as a sphere or cylinder formed by the powdered or granular adsorbent 2042 with a binder. Of course, a protective shell can be further formed outside the adsorbent body, such as a breathable membrane covering the outside of the adsorbent body, to increase the strength of the adsorbent body. The breathable housing 2041 has air holes, through which flue gas can enter the breathable housing 2041. The flue gas can pass through the gaps between adjacent adsorbents 2042 and / or the holes in the adsorbents 2042 themselves, thereby reducing direct collisions, friction, and wear between the adsorbents 2042 and the generation of dust. The breathable shell 2041 can be in the shape of a rotating body such as a sphere or a cylinder, wherein the diameter of the adsorption unit is 10 mm to 100 mm, and the diameter of the adsorbent 2042 is 1 mm to 10 mm.

[0047] The heat exchange chamber 202 is continuously fed with coolant, which indirectly cools the flue gas and adsorbent 2042 within the adsorption chamber 204 while the adsorbent 2042 is adsorbing and purifying the flue gas. This allows the adsorption and purification of the flue gas to occur in a sub-zero temperature range. In other words, the adsorption tower 2 has a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet, each of which is connected to the heat exchange chamber 202. Coolant is continuously supplied into the heat exchange chamber 202 from the coolant inlet and continuously flows out of the heat exchange chamber 202 from the coolant outlet.

[0048] It should be understood that in the sub-zero temperature environment, the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas undergo low-temperature oxidation and adsorption on the surface of adsorbents 2042 such as activated carbon, oxidizing the difficult-to-adsorb nitric oxide gas into easily adsorbed nitrogen dioxide gas, achieving a hundreds-fold increase in adsorption capacity. In addition, the adsorption capacity of components such as sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide and heavy metals also increases exponentially in low-temperature environments.

[0049] Furthermore, the coolant in the heat exchange chamber 202, after exchanging heat with the flue gas and adsorbent 2042, is supplied to any one-stage spray assembly 11 as the spray liquid for spraying. In other words, the coolant in the heat exchange chamber 202, after exchanging heat with the flue gas and adsorbent 2042, is discharged from the adsorption tower 2 through the coolant outlet and then transported to any one-stage spray assembly 11 of the spray tower 1. The spray assembly at that stage uses the coolant after heat exchange as the spray liquid to spray and cool the flue gas in the spray chamber at that stage.

[0050] Thus, the low-temperature flue gas adsorption system of the disclosed embodiment maintains the flue gas and adsorbent 2042 in a sub-zero temperature range, adsorbing pollutants in the flue gas within this sub-zero temperature range. This increases the adsorption capacity of adsorbent 2042, thereby reducing the amount of adsorbent 2042 required within adsorption tower 2, reducing the volume of adsorption tower 2 and lowering initial construction costs. Furthermore, the coolant continuously flowing into heat exchange chamber 202 promptly removes the heat generated during the flue gas adsorption purification process, preventing the problem of increased adsorbent 2042 temperature causing a decrease in adsorption efficiency.

[0051] In addition, the flue gas is cooled to low-temperature flue gas below room temperature by the spray tower 1. The low-temperature flue gas enters the adsorption tower 2 and is indirectly cooled to the sub-zero temperature zone by the coolant. Compared with the method in the related art where the spray tower directly cools the flue gas to sub-zero temperature before transporting it to the adsorption tower, the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure avoids the problem of moisture in the flue gas transported from the spray tower 1 to the adsorption tower 2 condensing into ice, causing pipe blockage. In addition, the coolant in the heat exchange chamber 202, which has exchanged heat with the flue gas and the adsorbent 2042, can be used as the spray liquid for spray cooling the flue gas in the spray tower 1. The coolant, which has further exchanged heat in the spray tower 1, is re-cooled to a preset temperature by the refrigerator 4 and then transported to the heat exchange chamber 202, thereby realizing the hierarchical utilization of cooling capacity, reducing refrigeration equipment, and reducing energy consumption.

[0052] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the spray chamber is provided in two stages, including a primary spray chamber 101 and a secondary spray chamber 102, with the secondary spray chamber 102 being located above the primary spray chamber 101. In other words, a partition is provided in the middle of the spray tower 1 to divide the inner cavity of the spray tower 1 into the primary spray chamber 101 located at the bottom and the secondary spray chamber 102 located at the top.

[0053] The two-stage spray assembly includes a primary spray assembly 11 and a secondary spray assembly 12. The primary spray assembly 11 is located in the primary spray chamber 101. The spray liquid sprayed by the primary spray assembly 11 is the primary spray liquid. The secondary spray assembly 12 is located in the secondary spray chamber 102. The spray liquid sprayed by the secondary spray assembly 12 is the secondary spray liquid.

[0054] The spray tower 1 has two spray liquid outlets: a primary outlet and a secondary outlet. The primary outlet is located at the bottom of the primary spray chamber 101. The primary spray liquid falls to the bottom of the primary spray chamber 101 (also the bottom of the spray tower 1) and is discharged from the tower through the primary outlet. The secondary outlet is located at the bottom of the secondary spray chamber 102. A liquid collection trough is provided on the partition. The secondary spray liquid falls into the trough and is discharged from the tower through the secondary outlet.

[0055] The spray liquid sprayed by the first-level spray component 11 cools the flue gas to a first temperature, which is 15℃~35℃. The spray liquid sprayed by the second-level spray component 12 cools the flue gas at the first temperature to a second temperature, which is 5℃~10℃. The cooling liquid in the heat exchange chamber 202 cools the flue gas at the second temperature to a third temperature, which is -20℃~-15℃.

[0056] Through research, the inventors discovered that lower flue gas temperatures are more beneficial for adsorption purification. However, excessively low flue gas temperatures complicate equipment structure and increase energy consumption. For example, insulation layers are required in the spray tower, adsorption tower, and pipelines, requiring high sealing requirements, which increases costs. Furthermore, excessively low temperatures can easily lead to condensation in the adsorption tower, causing adsorbent adhesion and clogging, thus affecting adsorption. Therefore, cooling the flue gas to a final temperature of -20°C to -5°C is beneficial.

[0057] Therefore, in the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present invention, the 80°C flue gas entering the spray tower 1 is cooled to 15°C~35°C (room temperature) by the spray liquid sprayed by the first-stage spray component 11, and then the flue gas is cooled to 5°C~10°C (below room temperature) by the spray liquid sprayed by the second-stage spray component 12. Finally, in the adsorption tower 2, it is indirectly cooled to -20°C~-5°C (sub-zero temperature zone) by the coolant in the heat exchange cavity 202, so as to achieve step-by-step cooling of the flue gas and improve the cooling effect of the flue gas. Compared with directly cooling the flue gas to sub-zero temperature through the coolant, the energy consumption of the refrigeration equipment used in the step-by-step cooling method is lower.

[0058] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the cooling liquid after heat exchange in the heat exchange chamber 202 is supplied to the secondary spray assembly 12 .

[0059] It is understood that the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchange chamber 202 after exchanging heat with the flue gas and adsorbent 2042 is between -5°C and 0°C. Compared to the spray temperature of the first-stage spray assembly 11, the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchange chamber 202 after exchanging heat with the flue gas and adsorbent 2042 is closer to the spray temperature of the second-stage spray assembly 12. Therefore, the coolant after heat exchange is supplied to the second-stage spray assembly 12 to achieve efficient use of cooling capacity.

[0060] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system further includes a cooling tower 3 and a refrigerator 4 .

[0061] The primary spray liquid inlet of the primary spray assembly 11 is connected to the outlet of the cooling tower 3 via a pipeline, and the primary spray liquid outlet of the spray tower 1 is connected to the inlet of the cooling tower 3 via a pipeline, thereby forming a primary spray liquid circulation loop. The outlet of the refrigerator 4 is connected to the coolant inlet of the adsorption tower 2 via a pipeline, and the coolant outlet of the adsorption tower 2 is connected to the spray liquid inlet of the secondary spray assembly 12 via a pipeline, and the secondary spray liquid outlet of the spray tower 1 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerator 4 via a pipeline, thereby forming a secondary spray liquid circulation loop.

[0062] In the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the cooling capacity of the first-level spray liquid comes from the cooling tower 3 (natural cooling), and the cooling capacity of the second-level spray liquid and the cooling liquid in the heat exchange chamber 202 comes from the refrigerator 4 (electric cooling or absorption cooling). Compared with the entire system using the refrigerator 4 for cooling, the cooling of the entire system can be ensured to have lower energy consumption.

[0063] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the adsorption tower 2 includes a tower body, a first support member 21, and a second support member 22. The first support member 21 and the second support member 22 are disposed within the tower body, and the first support member 21 and the second support member 22 sequentially separate the inner cavity of the tower body into a feed cavity 201, a heat exchange cavity 202, and a discharge cavity 203. A plurality of adsorption cylinders 23 are disposed within the heat exchange cavity 202, one end of the adsorption cylinder 23 (the upper end of the adsorption cylinder 23) being in communication with the feed cavity 201, and the other end of the adsorption cylinder 23 (the lower end of the adsorption cylinder 23) being in communication with the discharge cavity 203. The inner cavity of the adsorption cylinder 23 constitutes an adsorption cavity 204.

[0064] It is understandable that the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure sets the adsorption tube 23 as a whole in the heat exchange chamber 202 so that the coolant is in full contact with the outer peripheral wall of the adsorption tube 23, thereby achieving the optimal heat exchange effect.

[0065] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1, the first support member 21 and the second support member 22 are both horizontally arranged support plates to separate the inner cavity of the tower body into a feed cavity 201, a heat exchange cavity 202, and a discharge cavity 203, which are arranged vertically in sequence. The adsorption cylinders 23 are arranged vertically and evenly distributed within the heat exchange cavity 202. The first support member 21 is provided with inlets that correspond one-to-one with and communicate with the lower openings of the multiple adsorption cylinders 23, and the second support member 22 is provided with outlets that correspond one-to-one with and communicate with the upper openings of the multiple adsorption cylinders 23.

[0066] Therefore, in the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the flue gas flows from bottom to top in the adsorption tower 2, which complies with the flue gas flow law (for example, the flue gas discharged from the chimney flows upward) to ensure the flow rate of the flue gas in the adsorption tower 2.

[0067] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the feed chamber 201 has an adsorbent inlet at its top, and the discharge chamber 203 has an adsorbent outlet at its bottom, so that the adsorbent 2042 is continuously or intermittently supplied into the feed chamber 201 from the adsorbent inlet and continuously or intermittently flows out of the discharge chamber 203 from the adsorbent outlet.

[0068] The flue gas adsorption purification equipment of the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure is a moving bed adsorption tower 2. The flue gas contacts the adsorbent 2042 in countercurrent flow. The utilization rate of the adsorbent 2042 is high and the adsorption effect is good.

[0069] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the coolant inlet is located at the bottom of the heat exchange chamber 202, and the coolant outlet is located at the top of the heat exchange chamber 202, so that the coolant in the heat exchange chamber 202 flows from bottom to top, thereby fully submerging the outer peripheral wall of the adsorption cylinder 23 to ensure the optimal cooling effect.

[0070] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system further includes a deflection component, which is disposed in the heat exchange chamber 202 to deflect and rise the coolant entering the heat exchange chamber 202 .

[0071] In some embodiments, the deflection assembly includes multiple deflection baffles 24, which are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The deflection baffles 24 and the inner wall of the heat exchange chamber 202 (that is, the inner wall of the tower body) define rising notches, and two adjacent rising notches are staggered in the vertical direction.

[0072] Therefore, the flue gas low-temperature adsorption system of the embodiment of the present disclosure utilizes the deflection baffle 24 to deflect the coolant flowing from bottom to top, thereby increasing the flow time of the coolant in the heat exchange chamber 202 and further improving the cooling effect.

[0073] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

[0074] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Throughout the present disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0075] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, these terms may refer to fixed or removable connections, or integration; mechanical or electrical connections, or communication; direct or indirect connections through an intermediary; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this disclosure based on specific circumstances.

[0076] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0077] In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0078] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present disclosure. Changes, modifications, substitutions and variations of the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are all within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0079] All embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented individually or in combination with other embodiments, and are all considered to be within the scope of protection claimed by the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A flue gas low temperature adsorption system, characterized in that: include: A spray tower, wherein a partition is provided in the spray tower to vertically divide the inner cavity of the spray tower into multiple spray chambers, wherein a spray assembly is correspondingly provided in the spray chamber, wherein the spray assembly is used to spray a spray liquid to cool down the flue gas in the spray chamber, wherein a ventilation component is provided on the partition to allow the flue gas to enter the upper spray chamber from the lower spray chamber and to prevent the spray liquid sprayed by the upper spray assembly from entering the lower spray chamber, wherein the flue gas is sequentially cooled through the multiple spray chambers to be low-temperature flue gas below room temperature and then discharged from the spray tower; An adsorption tower is connected to the spray tower to transport the low-temperature flue gas cooled by the spray tower to the adsorption tower. The inner cavity of the adsorption tower includes an adsorption chamber and a heat exchange chamber. The adsorption chamber has an adsorbent. The heat exchange chamber is used to continuously pass a cooling liquid to indirectly cool the flue gas and the adsorbent in the adsorption chamber while the adsorbent adsorbs and purifies the flue gas, so that the adsorption and purification of the flue gas is carried out in a sub-zero temperature zone, and the cooling liquid after heat exchange with the flue gas and the adsorbent is supplied to any level of the spray assembly as the spray liquid sprayed by the spray assembly.

2. The flue gas low temperature adsorption system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray chamber is two-stage and includes a primary spray chamber and a secondary spray chamber located above the primary spray chamber. The spray assembly is two-stage and includes a primary spray assembly arranged in the primary spray chamber and a secondary spray assembly arranged in the secondary spray chamber. The spray liquid sprayed by the primary spray assembly cools the flue gas to a first temperature, which is 15°C to 35°C. The spray liquid sprayed by the secondary spray assembly cools the flue gas at the first temperature to a second temperature, which is 5°C to 10°C. The cooling liquid in the heat exchange chamber cools the flue gas at the second temperature to a third temperature, which is -20°C to -5°C.

3. The flue gas low temperature adsorption system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling liquid after heat exchange in the heat exchange cavity is supplied to the secondary spray assembly.

4. The flue gas low temperature adsorption system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A cooling tower, wherein the primary spray liquid inlet of the spray tower is connected to the outlet of the cooling tower, and the primary spray liquid outlet of the spray tower is connected to the inlet of the cooling tower to form a primary spray liquid circulation loop; A refrigerator, wherein the outlet of the refrigerator is connected to the cooling liquid inlet of the adsorption tower, the cooling liquid outlet of the adsorption tower is connected to the secondary spray liquid inlet of the spray tower, and the secondary spray liquid outlet of the spray tower is connected to the inlet of the refrigerator to form a secondary spray liquid circulation loop.

5. The flue gas low temperature adsorption system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The adsorption tower includes a tower body, a first support member and a second support member arranged in the tower body, the first support member and the second support member isolate the inner cavity of the tower body into a feed cavity, a heat exchange cavity and a discharge cavity in sequence, a plurality of adsorption cylinders are arranged in the heat exchange cavity, one end of the adsorption cylinder is connected to the feed cavity, and the other end of the adsorption cylinder is connected to the discharge cavity, and the inner cavity of the adsorption cylinder constitutes the adsorption cavity.

6. The flue gas low temperature adsorption system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed chamber, the heat exchange chamber and the discharge chamber are arranged vertically in sequence.

7. The flue gas low temperature adsorption system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The feed chamber has an adsorbent inlet at the top thereof, and the discharge chamber has an adsorbent outlet at the bottom thereof, so that the adsorbent is continuously or intermittently supplied into the feed chamber from the adsorbent inlet and continuously or intermittently flows out of the discharge chamber from the adsorbent outlet.

8. The flue gas low temperature adsorption system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The heat exchange chamber has a cooling liquid inlet at the bottom thereof and a cooling liquid outlet at the top thereof, so that the cooling liquid is continuously supplied into the heat exchange chamber from the cooling liquid inlet and continuously flows out of the heat exchange chamber from the cooling liquid outlet.

9. The flue gas low temperature adsorption system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: It also includes a deflection component, which is arranged in the heat exchange cavity to make the cooling liquid entering the heat exchange cavity deflect and rise.

10. The flue gas low temperature adsorption system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The deflector assembly includes a plurality of deflector baffles, which are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The deflector baffles and the inner wall of the heat exchange chamber define rising notches, and two adjacent rising notches are staggered in the vertical direction.

Images