Battery management apparatus and operation method therefor

Abstract

A battery management apparatus according to an embodiment disclosed in the present document may comprise: a data acquisition unit that acquires degradation score data including storage degradation scores according to SOCs and temperatures of batteries of each of a plurality of vehicles and state data of the batteries; and a controller that calculates a first score associated with a degree of cycle degradation of a target battery, which is a battery of a target vehicle from among the plurality of vehicles, in a discharge section of the target vehicle on the basis of the state data, calculates a second score associated with a degree of storage degradation of the target battery in the discharge section of the target vehicle on the basis of the state data of the target battery and the degradation score data, and calculates a stress score of the target battery on the basis of the first score and the second score so as to manage the state of the target battery.

Description

Battery management device and its operating method

[0001] Cross-citation with related applications

[0002] This invention claims the benefit of priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0146719, filed October 30, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] Technology field

[0004] The embodiments disclosed in this document relate to a battery management device and a method of operating the same.

[0005] Recently, research and development on secondary batteries has been actively underway. Here, secondary batteries are defined as rechargeable and dischargeable batteries, encompassing both conventional Ni / Cd and Ni / MH batteries, as well as more recent lithium-ion batteries. Recently, their use has expanded to include power sources for electric vehicles, attracting attention as a next-generation energy storage medium.

[0006] Electric vehicles receive external electricity to charge battery cells and modules, which are then discharged to power the motor. During production and use, battery cells and modules undergo internal deformation and transformation through various charging and discharging cycles, altering their physical and chemical properties. This degradation and deterioration of batteries necessitates the development of technologies to manage the operation of battery cells and modules.

[0007] Factors that can cause battery degradation include cycle degradation and storage degradation. Cycle degradation and storage degradation can occur during battery use or storage.

[0008] One purpose of the embodiments disclosed in this document is to provide a battery management device and an operating method thereof capable of managing the degradation state of a battery by calculating the degree of battery degradation including both cycle degradation and storage degradation.

[0009] One purpose of the embodiments disclosed in this document is to provide a battery management device and an operating method thereof that can manage battery degradation by providing a calculated degree of battery degradation to a user.

[0010] The technical problems of the embodiments disclosed in this document are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the descriptions below.

[0011] A battery management device according to an embodiment disclosed in the present document may include a data acquisition unit that acquires degradation score data including storage degradation scores according to SOC and temperature of batteries of each of a plurality of vehicles and status data of the batteries; and a controller that calculates, based on the status data, a first score related to a cycle degradation degree of a target battery, which is a battery of a target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles, in a discharge section of the target vehicle, and calculates, based on the status data of the target battery and the degradation score data, a second score related to a storage degradation degree of the target battery in a discharge section of the target vehicle, and calculates a stress score of the target battery based on the first score and the second score, thereby managing a status of the target battery.

[0012] According to an embodiment, the status data may include at least one of voltage, current, power, temperature, SOC, and discharge time of the battery.

[0013] According to an embodiment, the controller may calculate the first score based on the amount of power and current consumed by the target battery in the discharge section.

[0014] According to an embodiment, the controller may calculate the second score based on a weighted average of storage degradation scores of the target battery calculated by weighting the SOC and temperature-specific maintenance time of the target battery in the discharge section.

[0015] According to an embodiment, the controller can standardize the first score and the second score, and calculate a stress score of the target battery based on the standardized first score and the second score.

[0016] According to an embodiment, the controller may standardize the first score by dividing the difference between the average of the first scores of each of the vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles and the first score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the first scores of each of the vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle.

[0017] According to an embodiment, the controller may standardize the second score by dividing the difference between the average of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles and the second score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles.

[0018] According to an embodiment, the controller may calculate a stress score of the target battery by reflecting the proportion of the cycle degradation and the storage degradation in each of the standardized first score and the second score.

[0019] A battery management method according to one embodiment disclosed in the present document may include the steps of: obtaining degradation score data including storage degradation scores according to SOC and temperature of batteries of each of a plurality of vehicles and status data of the batteries; calculating a first score related to a degree of cycle degradation of a target battery, which is a battery of a target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles, in a discharge section of the target vehicle based on the status data; calculating a second score related to a degree of storage degradation of the target battery in a discharge section of the target vehicle based on the status data of the target battery and the degradation score data; and calculating a stress score of the target battery based on the first score and the second score to manage a status of the target battery.

[0020] According to an embodiment, the status data may include at least one of voltage, current, power, temperature, SOC, and discharge time of the battery.

[0021] According to an embodiment, the step of calculating the first score may include the step of calculating the first score based on the amount of power and current consumed by the target battery in the discharge section.

[0022] According to an embodiment, the step of calculating the second score may include the step of calculating the second score based on a weighted average of storage degradation scores of the target battery calculated by weighting the SOC and temperature-specific maintenance time of the target battery in the discharge section.

[0023] According to an embodiment, the method further includes a step of standardizing the first score and the second score, and a stress score of the target battery can be calculated based on the standardized first score and the second score.

[0024] According to an embodiment, the step of standardizing the first score may include a step of standardizing the first score by dividing the difference between the average of the first scores of each of the vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles and the first score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the first scores of each of the vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle.

[0025] According to an embodiment, the step of standardizing the second score may include the step of standardizing the second score by dividing the difference between the average of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles and the second score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles.

[0026] According to an embodiment, the method may include a step of calculating a stress score of the target battery by reflecting the proportion of the cycle degradation and the storage degradation in each of the standardized first score and the second score.

[0027] The battery management device and its operating method according to the embodiment disclosed in this document can manage the degradation state of a battery by calculating the degree of battery degradation including both cycle degradation and storage degradation.

[0028] A battery management device and its operating method according to an embodiment disclosed in this document can manage battery degradation by providing a calculated degree of battery degradation to a user.

[0029] In addition, various effects may be provided, either directly or indirectly, through this document.

[0030] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a system including a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0031] FIG. 2 is a drawing showing a battery pack according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0032] FIG. 3 is a diagram showing degeneration score data according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0033] FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0034] FIG. 5 is a drawing for explaining the output operation of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0035] FIG. 6 is an operation flowchart of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0036] FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a computing system for performing an operating method of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0037] Hereinafter, various embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, and it should be understood that the present invention encompasses various modifications, equivalents, and / or alternatives of the embodiments.

[0038] The various embodiments and terminology used in this document are not intended to limit the technical features described in this document to specific embodiments, but should be understood to encompass various modifications, equivalents, or alternatives of the embodiments. In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used to refer to similar or related components. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of the items, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0039] In this document, the phrases "A or B", "at least one of A and B", "at least one of A or B", "A, B, or C", "at least one of A, B, and C", and "at least one of A, B, or C" can each include any one of the items listed together in that phrase, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as "first", "second", "first", "second", "A", "B", "(a)", or "(b)" may be used merely to distinguish the corresponding element from other corresponding elements, and do not limit the corresponding elements in any other respect (e.g., importance or order) unless specifically stated otherwise.

[0040] In this document, whenever a component (e.g., a first component) is referred to as being “connected,” “coupled,” or “connected,” with or without the terms “functionally” or “communicatively,” or “coupled” or “connected,” it means that the component can be connected to the other component directly (e.g., wired), wirelessly, or via a third component.

[0041] According to one embodiment, the method according to various embodiments disclosed in this document may be provided as a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded as a commodity between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)), or may be distributed online (e.g., downloaded or uploaded) through an application store or directly between two user devices. In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be temporarily stored or temporarily generated in a machine-readable storage medium, such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store's server, or an intermediary server.

[0042] According to various embodiments, each component (e.g., a module or a program) of the above-described components may include one or more entities, and some of the entities may be separated and placed in other components. According to various embodiments, one or more components or operations of the aforementioned components may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of components (e.g., a module or a program) may be integrated into a single component. In such a case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the plurality of components identically or similarly to those performed by the corresponding component among the plurality of components prior to the integration. According to various embodiments, the operations performed by a module, program, or other component may be executed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

[0043] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a system including a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a battery pack according to one embodiment disclosed in this document. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating degradation score data according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0044] Referring to FIG. 1, the system may include a plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30), a battery pack (100, 200, 300) included in each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30), a server (40), and a battery management device (50).

[0045] According to an embodiment, each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) may include an electrical, electronic, or mechanical vehicle that operates by receiving power from a battery pack (100, 200, 300). For example, the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) may include an electric vehicle (EV) and / or a two-wheeled electric vehicle. Meanwhile, although the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) is illustrated as three in FIG. 1, this is not limited thereto, and the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) may be configured to include n vehicles (n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2).

[0046] According to an embodiment, the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) may be composed of vehicles of the same type. For example, the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) may be models of the same specification produced by the same EV manufacturer. When the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) are vehicles of the same type, the specifications of components included in each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) (e.g., battery packs (100, 200, 300), sensors, motors, acceleration devices, deceleration devices, etc.) may be similar, and the specifications of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) (e.g., charging / discharging mechanisms and fuel consumption, etc.) may be similar. Accordingly, the battery management device (50) can obtain consistent information from the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) and increase the accuracy of battery diagnosis based on the obtained information.

[0047] According to an embodiment, the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) may be composed of different types of vehicles. For example, the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) may be models with different specifications produced by the same EV manufacturer. If the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) are different types of vehicles, the battery management device (50) can obtain various information, both quantitatively and qualitatively, from the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). For example, the battery management device (50) can obtain more information quantitatively from the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) by obtaining information from a greater number of different types of vehicles than from vehicles of the same type. In addition, the battery management device (50) can obtain various qualitative information from the battery packs (100, 200, 300) that operate under various specifications or specifications of the different types of vehicles.

[0048] According to an embodiment, a battery pack (100, 200, 300) is installed inside a vehicle (10, 20, 30) so as to obtain battery-related information in the charging / discharging state or driving state of the vehicle (10, 20, 30). The battery-related information may include voltage information of the battery in the charging or discharging section of the vehicle (10, 20, 30) and voltage information of the battery in the driving state of the vehicle (10, 20, 30). A detailed description of the battery pack (100, 200, 300) is described with reference to FIG. 2 below.

[0049] Referring to FIG. 2, the battery pack (100) may include an upper battery unit (110) and a BMS (120). The battery pack (100) may be included in a vehicle (10). For convenience of explanation, FIG. 2 illustrates a battery pack (100) included in a vehicle (10), but the following description of the battery pack (100) may also be equally applied to battery packs (200, 300) included in vehicles (20, 30).

[0050] The upper battery unit (110) can supply power to a target device (e.g., a vehicle (10)). To this end, the upper battery unit (110) can be electrically connected to the target device. Here, the target device can include an electrical, electronic, or mechanical device that operates by receiving power from a battery pack (100) including the upper battery unit (110). For example, the target device can be, but is not limited to, an electric vehicle (EV) or an energy storage system (ESS).

[0051] The upper battery unit (110) may include a plurality of battery units (111, 112, 113). For example, when the upper battery unit (110) is a battery module, the plurality of battery units (111, 112, 113) may be a plurality of battery cells. For example, the plurality of battery units (111, 112, 113) may be, but are not limited to, lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, lithium-ion polymer (Li-ion polymer) batteries, nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) batteries, nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries, etc.

[0052] According to an embodiment, when the upper battery unit (110) is a battery module, the plurality of battery units (111, 112, 113) may be a plurality of battery banks. The battery bank may be a set of a plurality of battery cells. For example, the battery bank may be a set of battery cells including n battery cells (n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2).

[0053] Meanwhile, although FIG. 2 illustrates one upper battery unit (110), this is not a limitation, and the battery pack (100) may be configured to include n (n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2) upper battery units. In addition, some configurations may be excluded from the battery pack (100), or other general-purpose configurations may be further included in the battery pack (100).

[0054] The BMS (120) can manage and / or control the status and / or operation of the upper battery unit (110) and / or each of the plurality of battery units (111, 112, 113).

[0055] Hereinafter, for the convenience of describing the operation of the BMS (120), the upper battery unit (110) and / or each of the plurality of battery units (111, 112, 113) is referred to as a battery unit (111), but the same may be applied substantially to other battery units (112, 113) or the upper battery unit (110).

[0056] According to an embodiment, the BMS (120) can collect status data of the battery unit (111) and manage the status of the battery unit (111) based on the data. According to an embodiment, the BMS (120) can control the operation of the battery unit (111) and manage the operation of the battery unit (111) based on the data.

[0057] According to an embodiment, the BMS (120) can monitor the voltage, current, and / or temperature of the battery unit (111). In addition, for monitoring, sensors or various measurement modules not shown may be additionally installed at any location, such as the upper battery unit (110), the charging / discharging path, or multiple battery units (111, 112, 113).

[0058] According to an embodiment, the BMS (120) can calculate battery status data regarding the status of the battery unit (111) based on measured values ​​such as monitored voltage, current, and temperature. For example, the battery status data of the battery unit (111) can include at least one of voltage, current, temperature, time, SOC (State of Charge), SOH (State of Health), resistance, current cycle, power, and C-rate.

[0059] According to an embodiment, the BMS (120) may include an OBD (On-Board Diagnostic) device. Such an OBD device may include not only OBD-I, OBD 1.5, and OBD-II, but also various devices that output status data of the battery unit (111) to other devices (e.g., a server (40) and / or a battery management device (50)). In addition, the operation of the BMS (120) may be performed in various devices such as a BMS (Battery Management System) in the battery pack (100) or a server, cloud, charger, or charger / discharger connected to a vehicle equipped with the BMS (120).

[0060] According to an embodiment, the BMS (120) may transmit battery status data to the server (40) and / or the battery management device (50). According to an embodiment, the battery status data may include, in addition to the data regarding the battery unit (111) described above, unique identification number information of the battery unit (111), etc.

[0061] Referring back to FIG. 1, the server (40) can transmit and receive data with the vehicles (10, 20, 30) and the battery management device (50). For example, the server (40) can receive data regarding the vehicles (10, 20, 30) from the BMS (120), and store and analyze the data, thereby providing management services for the vehicles (10, 20, 30) or battery packs (100, 200, 300).

[0062] According to an embodiment, the server (40) can store data obtained from the BMS (120) in a database. The data stored in the database can be used to analyze and / or manage the status of the batteries of each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30).

[0063] According to an embodiment, the server (40) may store various data for managing the status of the batteries of each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) in a database. For example, the server (40) may store degradation score data related to the batteries. Here, the degradation score data may refer to data including the storage degradation scores of the batteries of each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) in various environments. For example, the storage degradation score may refer to data that scores the degree of degradation of the battery over time when the battery is maintained at a specific SOC and a specific temperature. Details related to the degradation score data may be described below with reference to FIG. 3.

[0064] Referring to FIG. 3, the server (40) can generate degradation score data through an experiment. Here, the degradation score data may refer to data including a battery storage degradation score according to SOC and temperature. According to an embodiment, the degradation score data may include data that scores the degree to which a battery's storage degradation occurs in each of a plurality of predetermined temperature ranges and a plurality of predetermined SOC ranges of the battery.

[0065] According to an embodiment, the server (40) can calculate degradation score data based on the storage degradation data. For example, the server (40) can experimentally obtain storage degradation data of the battery in each of a plurality of temperature sections (e.g., -20°C to -15°C, -15°C to -10°C, ..., 55°C to 60°C) and SOC sections (e.g., 0 to 5, 5 to 10, 10 to 15, ..., 95 to 100). Here, the temperature sections and SOC sections and the section intervals are merely exemplary, and the server (40) can calculate degradation score data at various section intervals for any section. In addition, the server (40) can calculate SOH in each of a plurality of temperature sections and a plurality of predetermined SOC sections based on the storage degradation data, and scale the calculated SOH to a score between 0 and 100 to calculate degradation score data.

[0066] Referring back to FIG. 1, the battery management device (50) can manage the status of batteries included in multiple vehicles (10, 20, 30). Details related to the operation of the battery management device (50) can be described with reference to FIG. 4 below.

[0067] FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0068] Referring to FIG. 4, the battery management device (50) may include a data acquisition unit (510) and a controller (520). However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and some components may be omitted from the battery management device (50), and other general-purpose components may be further included in the battery management device (50).

[0069] The data acquisition unit (510) can acquire status data of batteries included in each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). According to an embodiment, the data acquisition unit (510) can acquire status data of each of the upper battery unit (110) and the plurality of battery units (111, 112, 113) (hereinafter, batteries (110, 111, 112, 113)) included in each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). Here, the status data of the battery can include at least one of voltage, current, temperature, time, SOC (State of Charge), SOH (State of Health), resistance, current cycle, power, and C-rate.

[0070] According to an embodiment, the data acquisition unit (510) can acquire status data of each of the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) measured for a predetermined time period for each unit of time. Here, the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) can include an upper battery unit (110) and a plurality of battery units (111, 112, 113). According to an embodiment, the data acquisition unit (510) can continuously acquire information related to voltage rise and fall in a charging period, a rest period after charging, a discharging period, and / or a rest period after discharging of the upper battery unit (110) and the plurality of battery units (111, 112, 113).

[0071] According to an embodiment, the data acquisition unit (510) may acquire battery status data in discharge sections of batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) of a plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). Here, the discharge section may include a section in which the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) are continuously in a discharge state. In addition, according to an embodiment, the discharge section may mean a section including one or more sections in a discharge state and one or more sections in an idle state.

[0072] According to an embodiment, the data acquisition unit (510) can acquire battery status data in the discharge sections of the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) during the driving sections of each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). In addition, the data acquisition unit (510) can acquire battery status data of the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) in other discharge sections other than the driving sections of the vehicles (10, 20, 30). Through this, the battery management device (50) can calculate a stress score related to battery degradation based on the battery status data acquired in various battery discharge situations.

[0073] The controller (520) can control the operations of the battery management device (50). In addition, the controller (520) can manage the status of the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) of each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). According to an embodiment, the controller (520) can check the deterioration status of each of the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) based on the status data of the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) acquired by the data acquisition unit (510) and manage the status of each of the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113).

[0074] According to various embodiments, batteries undergo internal deformation and transformation through various charge and discharge cycles during production and use, which can alter and degrade their physical and chemical properties. For example, internal short circuits, external short circuits, venting due to lithium deposition, or undervoltage defects, in which the voltage of a battery cell drops below a certain level, can all affect battery degradation. Furthermore, various battery usage environments (e.g., temperature, SOC, C-rate, power consumption, rapid charge and discharge, etc.) can also impact battery degradation.

[0075] In an embodiment, factors affecting battery degradation may include cycle degradation and storage degradation. Here, cycle degradation may refer to battery cell degradation that occurs when the battery is charged or discharged, and storage degradation may refer to battery cell degradation that occurs over time when the battery is left in a charged state. Alternatively, cycle degradation may occur during the discharge period of the battery, due to discharging the battery, and storage degradation may also occur when the battery is discharged and left in a specific state (e.g., SOC, temperature, etc.). Therefore, the degree to which cycle degradation and storage degradation each affect battery degradation in various battery usage environments may be calculated, and the need for battery management based on this may be highlighted.

[0076] According to an embodiment, the battery management device (50) can calculate a stress score of the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) that quantifies the extent to which various usage environments affect the degradation of the batteries (110). Here, the battery management device (50) can calculate the stress score of the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) by considering both cycle degradation and storage degradation of the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113). In addition, the battery management device (50) can manage the state of the batteries (110, 111, 112, 113) based on the stress scores of the batteries.

[0077] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) may calculate a stress score of a target battery (e.g., 110) that is a battery of a target vehicle (e.g., 10). Here, the target battery may refer to a battery that is the target of stress score calculation, and the target vehicle may refer to a vehicle that includes the target battery that is the target of stress score calculation.

[0078] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) provides a first score (S cycle ) and the second score (S storage ) can be used to calculate the stress score of the target battery (110). Here, the first score (S cycle ) is a score related to the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery (110) in the discharge section of the target vehicle (10), and the second score (S storage ) may mean a score related to the degree of storage degradation of the target battery (110) in the discharge section of the target vehicle (10).

[0079] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) determines a first score (S) of the target battery (110) based on the status data of the target battery (110). cycle) can be produced. Here, the status data may include at least one of voltage, current, power, temperature, SOC, and discharge time of the target battery (110). For example, the controller (520) may produce a first score (S) based on at least one of voltage, current, power, temperature, and SOC among the status data of the target battery (110). cycle ) can be produced.

[0080] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) calculates a first score (S) based on the amount of power and current consumed by the target battery (110) in the discharge section. cycle ) can be calculated. In another aspect, the controller (520) calculates a first score (S) related to the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery (110) based on a weighted average of voltage changes calculated by weighting the magnitude of the current change of the target battery (110) in the discharge section. cycle ) can be calculated. Here, the weighted average can mean an average calculated by setting the importance or influence of the data value as a weight when calculating the arithmetic average of the data.

[0081] According to various embodiments, when a certain SOC is discharged from the target battery (110), the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery (110) may vary depending on whether the size of the discharge current is large or small. In addition, the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery (110) may vary depending on the temperature at which the target battery (110) is discharged and the discharge SOC section of the target battery (110). For example, when the discharge current is high, when the discharge temperature is low, when the discharge SOC section is low (i.e., when the SOC is low), etc., the cycle degradation of the target battery (110) may occur more.

[0082] Therefore, the controller (520) calculates a first score (S) related to the cycle degradation of the target battery (110) based on the power and current according to the temperature and SOC of the target battery (110) in the discharge section. cycle) can be calculated. Through this, the controller (520) can manage the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery (110) by scoring the degree of cycle degradation in the discharge section of the target battery (110). According to an embodiment, the controller (520) calculates a first score (S) based on the following <Mathematical Formula 1> cycle ) can be produced.

[0083] <Mathematical Formula 1>

[0084] S cycle =W / Q

[0085] Here, S cycle Silver may represent the first score of the target battery (110), W may represent the amount of power consumed by the target battery (110) in the discharge section, and Q may represent the amount of current consumed by the target battery (110) in the discharge section.

[0086] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) determines a second score (S) of the target battery (110) based on the degradation score data and the status data of the target battery (110). storage ) can be produced. For example, the controller (520) can use the degradation score data obtained from the data acquisition unit (510) and the status data of the target battery (110) to produce a second score (S storage ) can be calculated. Here, the second score (S storage ) may refer to a storage degradation score according to the SOC and temperature status of the target battery (110). The description related to the degradation score data has been described with reference to FIG. 3 and may not be repeated here.

[0087] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) calculates a second score (S) based on a weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery (110) calculated by weighting the time in the discharge section. storage) can be produced. Here, the time may refer to the time during which the target battery (110) in the discharge section is maintained at any SOC and temperature. In addition, the weighted average may refer to an average obtained by setting the importance or influence of the data value as a weight when obtaining the arithmetic average of the data.

[0088] According to various embodiments, when the target battery (110) is maintained in a predetermined SOC section during the discharge section, the degree of storage degradation of the target battery (110) may vary depending on the SOC section. In addition, the degree of storage degradation of the target battery (110) may vary depending on the predetermined temperature section maintained when the target battery (110) is discharged. For example, when the target battery (110) is maintained in a low SOC section and a high temperature section, storage degradation may occur more, and when the target battery (110) is maintained in a high SOC section and a low temperature section, storage degradation may occur more. Therefore, the controller (520) may calculate the degree of storage degradation by weighting the time that the target battery (110) is maintained in a predetermined SOC section and a predetermined temperature section during the discharge section.

[0089] Therefore, the controller (520) calculates a second score (S) based on a weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery (110) calculated by weighting the SOC and temperature-dependent maintenance time of the target battery (110) in the discharge section. storage ) can be produced. Through this, the controller (520) can manage the degree of storage degradation of the target battery (110) by scoring the degree of storage degradation in the discharge section of the target battery (110).

[0090] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) provides a first score (S cycle ) and the second score (S storage) can be standardized. Here, standardization may mean any statistical standardization method. For example, the controller (520) may use a mean-standard deviation standardization method, a Z-score normalization, a range standardization method, etc. to standardize the first score (Z cycle ) and standardized second score (Z storage ) can be produced.

[0091] According to the example, the first score before standardization (S cycle ) and the second score (S storage ) may be different score scales. Therefore, the controller (520) may calculate the first score (S cycle ) and the second score (S storage ) can be standardized to integrate different score scales to produce a stress score. In addition, the controller (520) can calculate the first score (S cycle ) and the second score (S storage ) to standardize the first score (S) with different distributions cycle ) and the second score (S storage ) can be integrated into a distribution with the same tendency. Through this, the controller (520) can standardize the first score (Z cycle ) and the second score (Z storage ) can be used to calculate stress scores more reliably.

[0092] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) determines a first score (S) based on different criteria. cycle ) and the second score (S storage ) can be standardized respectively. For example, the controller (520) may assign a first score (S) based on vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle (10) among a plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). cycle ) can be standardized. Vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle (10) may include similar batteries. Therefore, the controller (520) determines a first score (S) based on vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle (10). cycle) by calculating the first score (S) related to the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery (110). cycle ) can be standardized accurately.

[0093] In contrast, the controller (520) calculates a second score (S) based on multiple vehicles (10, 20, 30). storage ) can be standardized. Here, the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) may include both vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle (10) and vehicles of different types. As described above, the second score (S) related to the storage degradation degree of the target battery (110) storage ) can be calculated based on the storage degradation score data obtained through experiments on any battery. Therefore, the controller (520) calculates the second score (S) based on all types of vehicles regardless of the type of target vehicle (10). storage ) by calculating a second score (S) related to the storage degradation score of the target battery (110). storage ) can be standardized accurately.

[0094] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) calculates a first score (S) based on the average and standard deviation calculated based on vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle (10) among a plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). cycle ) can be standardized. For example, the controller (520) can standardize the first score (S) of each of the vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). cycle ) and the first score (S) of the target vehicle (10) cycle ) is the first score (S) of each vehicle of the same type as the target vehicle (10). cycle ) is divided by the standard deviation of the first score (S cycle ) can be standardized. According to an embodiment, the controller (520) calculates the first score (S) based on the following <Mathematical Formula 2> cycle ) can be standardized.

[0095] <Mathematical Formula 2>

[0096] Z cycle =(S cycle -m i cycle ) / (σ i cycle )

[0097] Here, Z cycle is the standardized first score (S cycle ), Scycle is the first score, i is the vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle (10), and m i cycle The first score (S) is calculated based on vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle (10). cycle ) is the average, σ i cycle The first score (S) is calculated based on vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle (10). cycle ) can mean the standard deviation.

[0098] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) calculates a second score (S) based on the average and standard deviation calculated based on a plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). storage ) can be standardized. For example, the controller (520) can standardize the second score (S) of each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). storage ) and the second score (S) of the target vehicle (10) storage ) of the second score (S) of each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) storage ) is divided by the standard deviation of the second score (S storage ) can be standardized. According to an embodiment, the controller (520) calculates the second score (S) based on the following <Mathematical Formula 3> storage ) can be standardized.

[0099] <Mathematical Formula 3>

[0100] Z storage =(S storage -m storage ) / (σ storage )

[0101] Here, Z storageSilver standardized second score (S storage ), S storage Silver is the second score, m storage The second score (S) is calculated based on multiple vehicles (10, 20, 30). storage ) is the average, σ storage The second score (S) is calculated based on multiple vehicles (10, 20, 30). storage ) can mean the standard deviation.

[0102] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) provides a standardized first score (Z cycle ) and standardized second score (Z storage ) The stress score (S) of the target battery (110) is calculated by reflecting the proportion of cycle degradation and storage degradation in each stress ) can be calculated. For example, the controller (520) can calculate the stress score (S stress ) can determine the proportion of cycle degradation and storage degradation contributing to the degradation of the target battery (110). Through this, the controller (520) can determine a factor that has a greater influence on the degradation of the target battery (110) among cycle degradation and storage degradation with a greater proportion. Therefore, the controller (520) considers both cycle degradation and storage degradation to determine the stress score (S) of the target battery (110). stress ) can be calculated accurately.

[0103] According to the embodiment, the controller (520) sets the stress score (S) by setting the ratio of cycle degradation and storage degradation to 1:1. stress ) can be produced. In addition, the controller (520) can determine the proportion of cycle degradation to be higher than the proportion of cycle degradation, or can determine the proportion of storage degradation to be higher than the proportion of cycle degradation.

[0104] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) calculates a stress score (S) that reflects the proportion of cycle degradation and storage degradation. stress) can be scaled. Here, scaling may mean adjusting the size of data. Accordingly, the controller (520) calculates the stress score (S) from the battery (110) of each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). stress ) so that the stress scores (S) are distributed over a given score range. stress ) can be scaled. Through this, the controller (520) can scale the stress score (S stress ) can be post-processed. In addition, the controller (520) can be used to post-process the distribution of the scaled stress score (S stress ) can be provided more clearly to users.

[0105] The controller (520) uses an arbitrary scaling method to calculate the stress score (S stress ) can be scaled. For example, the controller (520) can calculate the stress score (S) calculated from the battery (110) of each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). stress ) based on the mean and standard deviation of the desired score range in which the stress scores (S) are distributed. stress ) can be scaled. According to an embodiment, the controller (520) calculates the stress score (S) based on the following <Mathematical Formula 4> stress ) can be produced.

[0106] <Mathematical Formula 4>

[0107] S stress =(k*(Z cycle )+(1-k)*(Z storage ))*σ score +m score

[0108] Here, S stress is the stress score, k is a constant between 0 and 1, and Z cycle is the standardized first score, Z storage may mean a standardized second score. Also, σ score The stress score (S) is calculated from the battery (110) of each of the multiple vehicles (10, 20, 30).stress ) is the standard deviation of the desired score range, m score The stress score (S) is calculated from the battery (110) of each of the multiple vehicles (10, 20, 30). stress ) can mean the average of a given score range within which the scores are desired to be distributed.

[0109] FIG. 5 is a drawing for explaining the output operation of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0110] Referring to FIG. 5, the controller (520) calculates a stress score (S stress ) can output (600) stress score information (610) related to the target battery (110). Here, the stress score information (610) may include recent stress score items of the target battery (110), comparison items with other users, or past stress score change items. The stress score information (610) is not limited thereto and may additionally include various information. For example, the controller (520) may output stress score (S stress ) can output an action guideline to delay the degradation of the target battery (110).

[0111] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) calculates a stress score (S stress ) is output, a score (e.g., a first score (S)) related to the cycle degradation of the target battery (110) is output based on the user's input. cycle ) or standardized first score (Z cycle )) and scores related to storage degeneration (e.g., second score (S storage ) or standardized second score (Z storage )) can be provided in detail.

[0112] Stress Score (S) stress) allows the user to intuitively analyze whether the usage environment or usage habits of the target battery (110) have a positive or negative effect on the deterioration of the target battery (110). Therefore, the user can analyze the stress score (S) of the target battery (110) stress ) can be taken into consideration to plan appropriate use.

[0113] According to an embodiment, the controller (520) transmits a stress score (S) to the user terminal through a communication unit (not shown). stress ) can provide information on stress scores (S) through displays installed in vehicles or chargers, etc. stress ) will be able to provide information about it.

[0114] FIG. 6 is an operation flowchart of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0115] The operations illustrated in FIG. 6 may be performed via the battery management device (50) of FIG. 1. While the operations in the following embodiments may be performed sequentially, they are not necessarily performed sequentially. For example, the order of the operations may be changed, and at least two operations may be performed in parallel. Furthermore, at least one of the operations below may be omitted depending on the embodiment.

[0116] Referring to FIG. 6, the battery management device (50) obtains degradation score data including storage degradation scores according to SOC and temperature of batteries of each of a plurality of vehicles and status data of the batteries (S101), calculates a first score related to a cycle degradation degree of a target battery, which is a battery of a target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles, in a discharge section of the target vehicle based on the status data of the target battery and the degradation score data (S102), calculates a second score related to a storage degradation degree of the target battery in a discharge section of the target vehicle based on the status data of the target battery and the degradation score data (S103), and calculates a stress score of the target battery based on the first score and the second score to manage the status of the target battery (S104).

[0117] In step S101, the data acquisition unit (510) of the battery management device (50) can acquire degradation score data including storage degradation scores according to SOC and temperature of the batteries of each of the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30) and status data of the batteries (S101).

[0118] In step S102, the controller (520) of the battery management device (50) determines, based on the status data, a first score (S) related to the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery (110), which is the battery of the target vehicle (10) in the discharge section of the target vehicle (e.g., 10) among the plurality of vehicles (10, 20, 30). cycle ) can be produced (S102).

[0119] In step S103, the controller (520) determines a second score (S) related to the storage degradation degree of the target battery (110) in the discharge section of the target vehicle (10) based on the status data of the target battery and the degradation score data. storage ) can be produced (S103).

[0120] At step S104, the controller (520) determines the first score (S cycle ) and the second score (S storage ) based on the stress score (S) of the target battery (110) stress ) can be calculated to manage the status of the target battery (110) (S104).

[0121] FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a computing system for performing an operating method of a battery management device according to one embodiment disclosed in this document.

[0122] Referring to FIG. 7, a computing system (2000) according to one embodiment disclosed in the present document may include an MCU (2010), a memory (2020), an input / output I / F (2030), and a communication I / F (2040).

[0123] The MCU (2010) may be a processor that executes various programs stored in the memory (2020) (e.g., a battery cell characteristic data collection program, a latent variable extraction program, a distribution generation program, a battery cell diagnosis program, etc.), processes various information including battery cell characteristic data and latent variables through these programs, and performs the functions of the battery management device (50) shown in the aforementioned FIGS. 1 to 6.

[0124] The memory (2020) can store various programs, such as a battery cell characteristic data collection program, a latent variable extraction program, a distribution map generation program, and a battery cell diagnosis program. In addition, the memory (2020) can store various information, including battery cell characteristic data and latent variables.

[0125] Such memories (2020) may be provided in multiples as needed. The memories (2020) may be volatile or non-volatile memories. As volatile memories (2020), RAM, DRAM, SRAM, etc. may be used. As non-volatile memories (2020), ROM, PROM, EAROM, EPROM, EEPROM, flash memory, etc. may be used. The examples of the memories (2020) listed above are merely examples and are not limited to these examples.

[0126] The input / output I / F (2030) can provide an interface that enables data transmission and reception between an input device (not shown) such as a keyboard, mouse, or touch panel, and an output device (not shown) such as a display and the MCU (2010).

[0127] The communication I / F (2040) is a component capable of transmitting and receiving various data with the server, and may be any device capable of supporting wired or wireless communication. For example, the battery management device (50) can transmit and receive various information, including the SOC, OCV, and parameters of the battery cell, from a separately provided external server via the communication I / F (2040).

[0128] In this way, a computer program according to one embodiment disclosed in this document may be implemented as a module that is recorded in a memory (2020) and processed by an MCU (2010) to perform each function illustrated in FIG. 4, for example.

[0129] Although all components constituting the embodiments disclosed in this document have been described as being combined or operating in combination as one, the embodiments disclosed in this document are not necessarily limited to such embodiments. That is, within the scope of the purpose of the embodiments disclosed in this document, all of the components may be selectively combined and operated one or more times.

[0130] In addition, terms such as "include," "comprise," or "have" described above, unless specifically stated otherwise, mean that the corresponding component can be included, and therefore should be interpreted to include other components rather than excluding other components. All terms, including technical or scientific terms, have the same meaning as commonly understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which the embodiments disclosed in this document belong, unless otherwise defined. Commonly used terms, such as terms defined in a dictionary, should be interpreted to be consistent with the contextual meaning of the relevant technology, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense, unless explicitly defined in this document.

[0131] The foregoing disclosure outlines features of several embodiments to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the aspects of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present disclosure can be readily used as a basis for designing or modifying other structures to achieve the same purposes or advantages of the embodiments introduced herein. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that such equivalent structures do not depart from the scope of the present disclosure, and that various changes, substitutions, and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A data acquisition unit that acquires degradation score data including storage degradation scores according to the SOC and temperature of each battery of multiple vehicles and status data of the batteries; and Based on the above status data, a first score related to the degree of cycle degradation of the target battery, which is the battery of the target vehicle in the discharge section of the target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles, is calculated, Based on the status data of the target battery and the degradation score data, a second score related to the storage degradation degree of the target battery in the discharge section of the target vehicle is calculated, A battery management device including a controller that calculates a stress score of the target battery based on the first score and the second score and manages the state of the target battery.

2. In claim 1, A battery management device wherein the above status data includes at least one of the voltage, current, power, temperature, SOC, and discharge time of the battery.

3. In claim 2, The above controller, A battery management device that calculates the first score based on the amount of power and current consumed by the target battery in the discharge section.

4. In claim 2, The above controller, A battery management device that calculates the second score based on a weighted average of the storage degradation scores of the target battery calculated by weighting the SOC and temperature-specific maintenance time of the target battery in the discharge section.

5. In claim 1, The above controller, Standardize the first score and the second score, A battery management device that calculates a stress score of the target battery based on standardized first and second scores.

6. In claim 5, The above controller, A battery management device that standardizes the first score by dividing the difference between the average of the first scores of each of the vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles and the first score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the first scores of each of the vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle.

7. In claim 5, The above controller, A battery management device that standardizes the second score by dividing the difference between the average of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles and the second score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles.

8. In claim 5, The above controller, A battery management device that calculates a stress score of the target battery by reflecting the proportion of the cycle degradation and the storage degradation in each of the standardized first and second scores.

9. A step of obtaining degradation score data including storage degradation scores according to SOC and temperature of each battery of multiple vehicles and status data of the batteries: A step of calculating a first score related to the degree of cycle degradation of a target battery, which is a battery of a target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles, in a discharge section of the target vehicle based on the above status data; A step of calculating a second score related to the storage degradation degree of the target battery in the discharge section of the target vehicle based on the status data of the target battery and the degradation score data; and A battery management method comprising a step of calculating a stress score of the target battery based on the first score and the second score and managing the state of the target battery.

10. In claim 9, A battery management method wherein the above status data includes at least one of voltage, current, power, temperature, SOC, and discharge time of the battery.

11. In claim 10, The step of calculating the above first score is: A battery management method comprising a step of calculating the first score based on the amount of power and current consumed by the target battery in the discharge section.

12. In claim 10, The step of calculating the second score is: A battery management method comprising a step of calculating the second score based on a weighted average of storage degradation scores of the target battery calculated by weighting the SOC and temperature-specific maintenance time of the target battery in the discharge section.

13. In claim 9, Further comprising a step of standardizing the first score and the second score, A battery management method for calculating a stress score of the target battery based on standardized first and second scores.

14. In claim 13, The step of standardizing the above first score is: A battery management method comprising a step of standardizing the first score by dividing the difference between the average of the first scores of each of the vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle among the plurality of vehicles and the first score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the first scores of each of the vehicles of the same type as the target vehicle.

15. In claim 13, The step of standardizing the above second score is: A battery management method comprising a step of standardizing the second score by dividing the difference between the average of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles and the second score of the target vehicle by the standard deviation of the second scores of each of the plurality of vehicles.

16. In claim 13, A battery management method comprising a step of calculating a stress score of the target battery by reflecting the proportion of the cycle degradation and the storage degradation in each of the standardized first and second scores.

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