Reciprocating discharge fire extinguishing apparatus and fire extinguishing method

Abstract

A reciprocating discharge fire extinguishing apparatus and a fire extinguishing method. The apparatus comprises a cylinder (1) which has an open upper end and a closed lower end, wherein outer nozzles (11) are provided on the side wall of the upper end of the cylinder; the lower end of a rotating rod (4) is rotationally connected to a bottom wall inside the cylinder; an aerosol generating agent (2) is mounted at the bottom of the cylinder; an upper cover (3) is mounted in the cylinder and may slide up and down; inner nozzles (31) corresponding to the outer nozzles in position are provided on the side wall of the upper cover; a sleeve (32) is provided at the lower side of the upper cover; and the upper end of the rotating rod is connected to the sleeve by means of a reciprocating screw mechanism. The rotating rod is driven by an actuator to rotate, causing the upper cover to reciprocatingly slide up and down by means of the reciprocating screw mechanism. During reciprocating sliding of the upper cover, when the outer nozzles and the inner nozzles are staggered, the fire extinguishing apparatus is in an intermittent period between discharges, enabling combustible gas to gradually vent from inside a battery; and when the outer nozzles and the inner nozzles coincide, discharge of a fire extinguishing medium is implemented, forcing the combustible gas out of a battery compartment, thereby reducing the likelihood of reignition.

Description

Reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device and fire extinguishing method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire extinguishing devices, and in particular to a reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device and a fire extinguishing method. Background Art

[0002] When new energy batteries experience thermal runaway, they often continuously produce flammable gases. Traditional aerosol fire extinguishing devices are difficult to extinguish new energy battery flames. Pulse fire extinguishing devices can extinguish flames but cannot achieve a continuous suppression effect. The combination of pulse devices and traditional aerosol fire extinguishing devices can extinguish the instantaneous flames of battery thermal runaway, and traditional fire extinguishing devices can suppress the flames to a certain extent after the pulse device is sprayed. However, due to the large gas output of traditional aerosol fire extinguishing devices, the aerosol fire extinguishing agent will quickly fill the entire protected space. In this process, only a portion of the flammable gas is pushed out of the battery compartment. More flammable gas is often pressed inside the battery and cannot be discharged due to the excessive positive pressure in the battery compartment when the aerosol fire extinguishing device is sprayed. When the fire extinguishing device is sprayed, the flammable gas squeezes out the aerosol fire extinguishing agent, which is prone to re-ignition. Therefore, a fire extinguishing device with intermittent spraying is needed. During the intermittent period, the flammable gas in the battery can be gradually discharged. During the spraying, the flammable gas is squeezed out of the battery compartment, thereby reducing the chance of re-ignition. Technical issues

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, and to provide a reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device, in which the rotary rod is driven to rotate by the actuator, so that the upper cover slides back and forth up and down through the reciprocating screw mechanism. During the reciprocating sliding process, when the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle are staggered, the fire extinguishing device is in a spraying interval period, so that the combustible gas in the battery can be gradually discharged. When the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle overlap, the fire extinguishing medium is sprayed to squeeze the combustible gas out of the battery compartment, thereby reducing the probability of re-ignition. Technical Solutions

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the purpose of the present invention is achieved as follows: a reciprocating fire extinguishing device, comprising a cylinder, the upper end of the cylinder is open and the lower end is closed, the upper end side wall of the cylinder is provided with an external nozzle, the lower end of the rotary rod is rotatably connected to the bottom wall inside the cylinder, the bottom of the cylinder is installed with an aerosol generator, the lead of the starting device extends out of the cylinder, an upper cover is installed in the cylinder to slide up and down, the side wall of the upper cover is provided with an inner nozzle corresponding to the position of the outer nozzle, a sleeve is provided on the lower side of the upper cover, the upper end of the rotary rod is connected to the sleeve through a reciprocating screw mechanism, the rotary rod is rotated by the drive of the actuator, so that the upper cover slides back and forth up and down through the reciprocating screw mechanism, and during the reciprocating sliding process, the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle overlap.

[0005] The actuator is a rotary vane installed on a rotary rod.

[0006] The actuator is a motor installed at the bottom of the cylinder, and the lower end of the rotary rod is connected to the output shaft of the motor for transmission.

[0007] The lower end of the rotating rod extends out of the cylinder, and a first bevel gear is installed on one end of the rotating rod extending out of the cylinder. A second bevel gear is installed on the output shaft of the motor, and the first bevel gear is meshed with the second bevel gear.

[0008] The rotary rod or the sleeve is provided with a pressure relief structure. When the pressure inside the cylinder is too high, the pressure relief structure is disconnected, so that the sleeve and the rotary rod, or the upper cover and the sleeve are separated.

[0009] The pressure relief structure comprises a socket and an insertion rod, and the insertion rod is inserted into the socket.

[0010] The upper end of the cylinder is provided with a limiting structure extending inwardly, and when the upper cover abuts against the limiting structure, the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle coincide with each other.

[0011] The inner wall of the cylinder is provided with at least one slide rail, and the side wall of the upper cover is provided with a slide groove, which is connected to the slide rail in a sliding guide manner.

[0012] The reciprocating screw mechanism comprises a reciprocating screw arranged at the upper end of the rotating rod. The reciprocating screw is inserted into a sleeve, and a matching piece that slides with the reciprocating screw is installed on the sleeve.

[0013] The fire extinguishing method using the reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device comprises the following steps:

[0014] S1. When the energy storage unit experiences thermal runaway, the aerosol generator is activated by the initiator, releasing a large amount of fire extinguishing medium gas;

[0015] S2. Air pressure drives the rotor, which in turn drives the rotor and reciprocating screw. Alternatively, a motor provides rotational power to the rotor, which in turn drives the reciprocating screw.

[0016] S3. The fitting inside the sleeve slides in the reciprocating screw slot, driving the upper cover to reciprocate up and down according to the slot stroke;

[0017] S4. When the outer and inner nozzles are connected or overlap, the pressurized fire extinguishing medium in the cylinder is released from the outer and inner nozzles;

[0018] S5. The actuator drives the rotary rod and reciprocating screw to rotate continuously, causing the outer and inner nozzles to shift position. Pressure is stored in the cylinder until the outer and inner nozzles connect or overlap, releasing the pressurized fire extinguishing medium again. This cycle repeats.

[0019] S6. When the internal pressure of the cylinder exceeds the preset value, the pressure relief structure disconnects, separating the sleeve from the rotary rod, or the upper cover from the sleeve. The upper end of the upper cover abuts against the limit structure, and the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle are connected or overlapped, allowing the fire extinguishing medium to be continuously released. Beneficial effects

[0020] 1. After the aerosol generator of the present invention is activated by the starting device, the actuator drives the rotary rod to rotate, causing the upper cover to slide back and forth up and down through the reciprocating screw mechanism. During the reciprocating sliding process, when the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle are staggered, the fire extinguishing device is in a spraying interval period, so that the combustible gas in the battery can be gradually discharged. When the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle overlap, the fire extinguishing medium is sprayed to squeeze the combustible gas out of the battery compartment, thereby reducing the probability of re-ignition.

[0021] 2. The rotary rod or sleeve of the present invention is provided with a pressure relief structure. When the internal pressure of the cylinder exceeds a threshold value, the pressure relief structure is disconnected, so that the sleeve and the rotary rod, or the upper cover and the sleeve are separated, so that the fire extinguishing device can provide different fire extinguishing medium discharge methods at different stages of the energy storage unit fire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] FIG1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] FIG2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the inner cover of the present invention.

[0025] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the pressure relief structure of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: cylinder 1, outer nozzle 11, slide rail 12, lower cover 13, mounting sleeve 14, position structure 15, protective cover 16, aerosol generator 2, starting device 21, upper cover 3, inner nozzle 31, sleeve 32, slide groove 33, matching piece 34, rotary rod 4, first bevel gear 41, rotary vane 5, reciprocating screw 6, motor 7, second bevel gear 71, pressure relief structure 8, socket 81, plug rod 82. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Referring to Figures 1-4, a reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device includes a cylinder 1, the upper end of the cylinder 1 is open and the lower end is closed, the upper end side wall of the cylinder 1 is provided with an external nozzle 11, the lower end of the rotary rod 4 is rotatably connected to the bottom wall inside the cylinder 1, an aerosol generator 2 is installed at the bottom of the cylinder 1, the lead of the starting device 21 extends out of the cylinder 1, an upper cover 3 is installed in the cylinder 1 to slide up and down, the side wall of the upper cover 3 is provided with an inner nozzle 31 corresponding to the position of the outer nozzle 11, a sleeve 32 is provided on the lower side of the upper cover 3, the upper end of the rotary rod 4 is connected to the sleeve 32 through a reciprocating screw mechanism, the rotary rod 4 is rotated by the drive of the actuator, so that the upper cover 3 slides back and forth up and down through the reciprocating screw mechanism, and during the reciprocating sliding process, the outer nozzle 11 and the inner nozzle 31 overlap. After the aerosol generator 2 is started by the starting device 21, the actuator drives the rotary rod 4 to rotate, causing the upper cover 3 to slide back and forth up and down through the reciprocating screw mechanism. During the reciprocating sliding process, when the outer nozzle 11 and the inner nozzle 31 are staggered, the fire extinguishing device is in a spraying interval period, so that the combustible gas in the battery can be gradually discharged. When the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle overlap, the fire extinguishing medium is sprayed to squeeze the combustible gas out of the battery compartment, thereby reducing the chance of re-ignition.

[0030] The aerosol generator is a prior art, for example, the invention patent disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN101745195B is "An aging-resistant aerosol generator and its preparation process", which discloses that the aerosol generator is composed of an oxidant, a reducing agent, and a binder. The oxidant is potassium nitrate, the binder is phenolic resin, and the reducing agent is melamine. The mass percentages thereof are: potassium nitrate 74% to 80%, phenolic resin 8% to 15%, and the balance is melamine.

[0031] Its preparation method is:

[0032] Step 1: dissolving phenolic resin in ethanol to prepare a phenolic resin solution with a mass concentration of 40% to 55%;

[0033] Step 2: Grind the oxidizing agent and reducing agent to a fineness of 80-200 standard mesh, mix them according to the required proportion, and sieve them through 80-200 mesh three times to make them evenly mixed;

[0034] Step 3: Then add the phenolic resin solution to the mixed powder, stir for 10 minutes, and then use a 40-mesh screen to force granulate. Then dry the agent in an environment with a temperature of 40°C and a relative humidity of less than 20% until the volatile components are less than 1%;

[0035] Step 4: Dry.

[0036] Specifically, the lower end of the rotating rod 4 can be rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the cylinder 1 by fixing a bearing on the bottom wall of the cylinder 1, and the lower end of the rotating rod 4 is fixedly connected to the inner hole of the bearing. Furthermore, to improve the rotational stability of the rotating rod 4, an upwardly extending mounting sleeve 14 is provided on the bottom wall of the cylinder 1, and two bearings are fixedly mounted in the mounting sleeve 14, and the lower end of the rotating rod 4 is fixedly connected to the inner holes of the two bearings.

[0037] Specifically, the starting device 21 is used to start the aerosol generating agent 2. The starting device 21 can be a thermal wire or an electric ignition head.

[0038] Specifically, the reciprocating screw mechanism adopts existing technology, such as a variable speed reciprocating screw disclosed in CN207687287U. When in use, the intermediate rotating rod 4 of the present application is connected to the reciprocating screw, and the sleeve 32 is connected to the sliding mechanism.

[0039] Referring to Figure 1 , in a first embodiment, the actuator is a rotor blade 5 mounted on a rotary rod 4. The rotor blade 5 is a spiral blade or a structure similar to an impeller or a fan blade. The airflow of the fire extinguishing medium generated by the activation of the aerosol generating agent 2 drives the rotor blade 5 to rotate, thereby driving the rotary rod 4 to rotate.

[0040] Referring to Figure 2, in the second embodiment, the actuator is a motor 7 mounted at the bottom of the cylinder 1, and the lower end of the rotary rod 4 is connected to the output shaft of the motor 7. The motor 7 is used to provide the rotary rod 4 with rotational power, which makes the structure simpler and more stable.

[0041] Furthermore, the lower end of the rotating rod 4 extends out of the barrel 1. A first bevel gear 41 is mounted on the end of the rotating rod 4 extending out of the barrel 1. A second bevel gear 71 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor 7. The first bevel gear 41 meshes with the second bevel gear 71. A bevel gear set is used to transmit power between the motor 7 and the rotating rod 4. The motor 7 can be mounted horizontally to reduce the overall size of the device.

[0042] Furthermore, in order to protect the motor 7 and prevent debris from blocking the bevel gear set, a protective cover 16 is installed at the lower end of the barrel 1, and the motor 7 is located in the protective cover 16. The protective cover 16 can be screwed or bonded or welded to the barrel 1.

[0043] 2 and 4 , a pressure relief structure 8 is provided on the rotary rod 4 or the sleeve 32 . When the internal pressure of the cylinder 1 exceeds a threshold, the pressure relief structure 8 is disconnected, separating the sleeve 32 from the rotary rod 4 , or separating the upper cover 3 from the sleeve 32 .

[0044] In a preferred embodiment, as shown in FIG4 , the pressure relief structure 8 includes a socket 81 and a rod 82. The rod 82 is inserted into the socket 81. When the pressure inside the cylinder 1 is too high, the friction between the rod 82 and the socket 81 is insufficient to resist the upward pull of the upper cover 3, and the rod 82 is released from the socket 81. The socket 81 and rod 82 can be located on the rotating rod 4 or on the sleeve 32.

[0045] In addition to the aforementioned structure, pressure relief structure 8 can also employ a breakable neck structure. For example, a ring groove can be provided on the rotating rod 4 to reduce the structural strength of the rotating rod 4 at the ring groove. When the upward pulling force on the upper cover 3 increases to a certain value, the ring groove breaks. When the rotary vane 5 is used as the actuator, the pressure relief structure 8 is provided at the junction of the rotating rod 4 and the reciprocating screw 6.

[0046] Furthermore, in order to prevent the upper cover 3 from separating from the cylinder 1 after the pressure relief structure 8 is set, referring to FIG2 , an inwardly extending limiting structure 15 is provided at the upper end of the cylinder 1, and when the upper cover 3 abuts against the limiting structure 15, the outer nozzle 11 coincides with the inner nozzle 31.

[0047] When the actuator is a motor 7 mounted at the bottom of the barrel 1, the cross-section of the barrel 1 can be either rectangular or circular. When the actuator is a rotary vane 5 mounted on a rotary rod 4, the cross-section of the barrel 1 is preferably circular. When a circular cross-section is used, to ensure that the inner nozzle 31 and the outer nozzle 11 are accurately aligned when the upper cover 3 slides up and down, as shown in Figures 1, 2, and 3, the inner wall of the barrel 1 is provided with two slide rails 12, and the side walls of the upper cover 3 are correspondingly provided with two slide grooves 33, which are slidably connected to the slide rails 12.

[0048] Specifically, referring to Figures 1 and 2 , the reciprocating screw mechanism includes a reciprocating screw 6 mounted at the upper end of a rotating rod 4. The reciprocating screw 6 is inserted into a sleeve 32, on which a mating member 34 is mounted for sliding engagement with the reciprocating screw 6. Mating member 34 engages with a bidirectional spiral groove on the reciprocating screw 6, enabling sleeve 32 to reciprocate up and down when the reciprocating screw 6 rotates. Using a structure similar to that described in CN207687287U, sleeve 32 functions as an annular slider, and mating member 34 functions as a combination of a pressure plate, a crescent pin, and a spring.

[0049] Furthermore, the lower end of the cylinder 1 is closed by a lower cover 13 , which is screwed, bonded, or welded to the lower end of the cylinder 1 , the aerosol generator 2 is installed in the lower cover 13 , and the rotary rod 4 is rotatably connected to the lower cover 13 .

[0050] Example 2:

[0051] The fire extinguishing method using the reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device comprises the following steps:

[0052] S1. When the energy storage unit experiences thermal runaway, the aerosol generator 2 is activated by the activation device 21 and releases a large amount of fire extinguishing medium gas.

[0053] S2. The air pressure drives the rotor blade 5 to rotate, which further drives the rotor rod 4 and the reciprocating screw 6 to rotate, or the motor 7 provides rotational power to the rotor rod 4, which drives the reciprocating screw 6 to rotate.

[0054] S3. The fitting 34 in the sleeve 32 slides in the chute of the reciprocating screw 6, and drives the upper cover 3 to reciprocate up and down according to the stroke of the chute.

[0055] S4. When the outer nozzle 11 and the inner nozzle 31 are connected or overlapped, the pressurized fire extinguishing medium in the cylinder 1 is released from the outer nozzle 11 and the inner nozzle 31 .

[0056] S5. The actuator drives the rotary rod 4 and the reciprocating screw 6 to rotate continuously, causing the outer nozzle 11 and the inner nozzle 31 to be misaligned. At this time, pressure is stored in the cylinder 1 until the outer nozzle 11 and the inner nozzle 31 are connected or overlapped, and the pressurized fire extinguishing medium is released again. This reciprocating cycle continues.

[0057] S6. When the internal pressure of the cylinder 1 exceeds a preset value, the pressure relief structure 8 disconnects, separating the sleeve 32 from the rotary rod 4, or the upper cover 3 from the sleeve 32. The upper end of the upper cover 3 abuts the limiting structure 15, and the outer nozzle 11 and the inner nozzle 31 are simultaneously connected or overlapped, allowing the fire extinguishing medium to be continuously released. After the energy storage unit experiences thermal runaway, the fire extinguishing device intermittently releases the fire extinguishing medium to gradually discharge the combustible gas within the battery. When the outer nozzle and the inner nozzle overlap, the fire extinguishing medium is sprayed to force the combustible gas out of the battery compartment. If the energy storage unit later experiences more intense combustion, the time from thermal runaway to combustion can be determined through testing. By simply controlling the timing of the pressure relief structure 8 disconnection, a large amount of fire extinguishing medium can be continuously provided to extinguish the fire. The timing of the pressure relief structure 8 disconnection can be determined based on the total amount of fire extinguishing medium gas generated by the aerosol generator 2 and the amount of intermittent discharge, allowing the fire extinguishing device to provide different fire extinguishing medium discharge methods at different times of the energy storage unit fire.

Claims

1. A reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device, comprising a cylinder (1), Features: The upper end of the cylinder (1) is open and the lower end is closed. The side wall of the upper end of the cylinder (1) is provided with an outer nozzle (11). The lower end of the rotary rod (4) is rotatably connected to the bottom wall of the cylinder (1). An aerosol generating agent (2) is installed at the bottom of the cylinder (1). The lead wire of the starting device (21) extends out of the cylinder (1). An upper cover (3) is installed in the cylinder (1) to slide up and down. The side wall of the upper cover (3) is provided with an inner nozzle (31) corresponding to the position of the outer nozzle (11). A sleeve (32) is provided on the lower side of the upper cover (3). The upper end of the rotary rod (4) is connected to the sleeve (32) via a reciprocating screw mechanism. The rotary rod (4) is rotated by the drive of the actuator, so that the upper cover (3) slides up and down via the reciprocating screw mechanism. During the reciprocating sliding process, the outer nozzle (11) and the inner nozzle (31) are connected or overlapped.

2. A reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, Features: The actuator is a rotary vane (5) mounted on a rotary rod (4).

3. A reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, Features: The actuator is a motor (7) installed at the bottom of the cylinder (1), and the lower end of the rotary rod (4) is connected to the output shaft of the motor (7) for transmission.

4. A reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device according to claim 3, Features: The lower end of the rotating rod (4) extends out of the cylinder (1), and a first bevel gear (41) is mounted on one end of the rotating rod (4) extending out of the cylinder (1). A second bevel gear (71) is mounted on the output shaft of the motor (7), and the first bevel gear (41) is meshed with the second bevel gear (71).

5. A reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, Features: The rotary rod (4) or the sleeve (32) is provided with a pressure relief structure (8). When the internal pressure of the cylinder (1) is too high, the pressure relief structure (8) is disconnected, so that the sleeve (32) and the rotary rod (4), or the upper cover (3) and the sleeve (32) are separated.

6. A reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device according to claim 5, Features: The pressure relief structure (8) comprises a socket (81) and an insertion rod (82), wherein the insertion rod (82) is inserted into the socket (81).

7. A reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device according to claim 5, Features: The upper end of the cylinder (1) is provided with a limiting structure (15) extending inwardly, and when the upper cover (3) abuts against the limiting structure (15), the outer nozzle (11) and the inner nozzle (31) overlap.

8. A reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, Features: The inner wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with at least one slide rail (12), and the side wall of the upper cover (3) is provided with a slide groove (33), and the slide groove (33) is connected to the slide rail (12) in a sliding guide manner.

9. A reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device according to claim 1, Features: The reciprocating screw mechanism comprises a reciprocating screw (6) arranged at the upper end of a rotating rod (4); the reciprocating screw (6) is inserted into a sleeve (32); and a matching piece (34) that slidably matches the reciprocating screw (6) is mounted on the sleeve (32).

10. A fire extinguishing method using a reciprocating spraying fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. When the energy storage unit experiences thermal runaway, the aerosol generator (2) is activated by the activation device (21), and the aerosol generator (2) releases a large amount of fire extinguishing medium gas; S2. The air pressure drives the rotary blade (5) to rotate, which further drives the rotary rod (4) and the reciprocating screw (6) to rotate, or the motor (7) provides rotational power to the rotary rod (4), which drives the reciprocating screw (6) to rotate; S3. The fitting (34) in the sleeve (32) slides in the chute of the reciprocating screw (6), and drives the upper cover (3) to reciprocate up and down according to the stroke of the chute; S4. When the outer nozzle (11) and the inner nozzle (31) are connected or overlapped, the pressurized fire extinguishing medium in the cylinder (1) is released from the outer nozzle (11) and the inner nozzle (31); S5. The actuator drives the rotary rod (4) and the reciprocating screw (6) to rotate continuously, and the outer nozzle (11) and the inner nozzle (31) are misaligned. At this time, pressure is stored in the cylinder (1) until the outer nozzle (11) and the inner nozzle (31) are connected or overlapped next time, and the pressurized fire extinguishing medium is released again, and this cycle repeats; S6. When the internal pressure of the cylinder (1) exceeds a preset value, the pressure relief structure (8) is disconnected, so that the sleeve (32) and the rotary rod (4) or the upper cover (3) and the sleeve (32) are separated, and the upper end of the upper cover (3) abuts against the limiting structure (15), and at the same time, the outer nozzle (11) and the inner nozzle (31) are connected or overlapped, so that the fire extinguishing medium is continuously released.

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