Process for pulse-based electricity generation to power a square-pulse electric motor by coupling same to a permanent-magnet generator

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for pulse-based electricity generation to power a square-pulse electric motor by coupling same to a permanent-magnet generator, wherein the generation process involves a water storage tank, an ionisation chamber, a chamber with a magnetic rotor and injection of water containing copper ions, a dissociation chamber, a water compression chamber, bellows and an arrangement of piezoelectric generators, an electric coupling, a square-pulse motor, and a magnetic generator coupled to the square-pulse motor.

Description

[0001] PROCESS FOR GENERATING ELECTRICAL POWER BY PULSES, TO POWER A SQUARE PULSE ELECTRIC MOTOR, COUPLING IT TO A PERMANENT MAGNET GENERATOR.

[0002] Field of the invention

[0003] The present invention relates to the field of clean energy, specifically in electricity generation.

[0004] This invention relates to the process of generating electrical energy by pulses, to feed a square pulse electric motor, coupled to a permanent magnet generator; With the particularity that the mechanisms: Electromagnetism, Induction, Ionization, Heat and Pressure will be used; By taking advantage of the physical states of water (H2O), we can obtain a mechanical movement which will be used for the generation of electrical pulses, managing to feed a square pulse electric motor, which can be connected to a permanent magnet generator.

[0005] Object of the invention.

[0006] The present invention defines a process for generating electrical energy by pulses, feeding an electric motor that is coupled to a permanent magnet generator, obtaining electrical energy usable for powering homes, offices, electrical and electronic equipment that require electricity.

[0007] Background.

[0008] Currently, electricity generation with renewable sources is limited to the use of external factors such as: Air Force, Tidal Force and Sunlight. Conventional generation systems with emergency plants operate mainly on the use of fuels, and others such as patent W02010 / 053344A1 (Portable self-sufficient electricity plant), which refers to the use of batteries and using a feedback system, which alternately recharges (self-supply) the batteries, creating in theory, an endless cycle, however, does not specify the capabilities of the generator, nor does it take into account entropy according to the laws of thermodynamics, which is why the system of patent W02010 / 053344A1 will have a lower number of cycles as working time until the batteries reach the threshold and their power is not sufficient to feed the engine,This will cause the system to stop working. Its operating time will depend on the capacity of the batteries and their construction, as well as the power demanded by the engine and the power capacity supplied by the generator.

[0009] Unlike patent W02010 / 053344A1 (, our Process for Generating Pulsed Electric Power, for Powering a Square Pulse Electric Motor, Coupling it to a Permanent Magnet Generator, is based on several universal principles and laws.

[0010] Other documents that exemplify the state of the art are listed below:

[0011] - MX / a / 2022 / 016084: Method, apparatus, device and system for generating electricity.

[0012] - MX / a / 2022 / 000375; Electricity and hydrogen generation system

[0013] - MX 236769 B; Method and device for generating energy by convection.

[0014] - MX 381996 B; Electrolyte formation process.

[0015] - MX 253720 B; Terrific stainless steel with high creep resistance at high temperatures.

[0016] More than 500 documents related to pulsed electricity generation have been published in the international state of the art; however, none of them mention the use of a chamber with a magnetic rotor and injection of water with copper ions, or a dissociation chamber and water compression chamber.

[0017] Since no patent documents were located relating to pulsed power generation for square pulse motors using a chamber with a magnetic rotor and injection of water with copper ions or a dissociation chamber and water compression chamber, no point of comparison can be established between the state-of-the-art documents and the subject matter contained in this document.

[0018] Conclusions: Since the state of the art does not describe or disclose processes for pulsed electrical generation for square pulse motors using a chamber with a magnetic rotor and injection of water with copper ions or a dissociation chamber and water compression chamber, the invention is considered novel and inventive.

[0019] The following are justified relevant laws and principles:

[0020] 1. Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction: This law states that a change in magnetic flux through a circuit induces an electromotive force (emf).

[0021] 2. Maxwell's Laws: Maxwell's equations describe the fundamental laws of electromagnetism, including Gauss's law for the electric field, Gauss's law for the magnetic field, Faraday's law, and Ampere's law.

[0022] 3. Principle of Conservation of Energy: Also known as the First Law of Thermodynamics, it states that energy is neither created nor destroyed; it only transforms from one form to another. In the process of generating electricity, it is demonstrated that the mechanical energy of water and the movements of repulsion and compression are converted into electrical energy through Faraday's law.

[0023] 4. Kirchhoff's Theorem: Kirchhoff's theorem, specifically Kirchhoff's Voltage Law, is used for circuit analysis and summation of voltages in closed loops.

[0024] 5. Principle of Kinetic Molecular Theory: It is mentioned in the compression and decompression of water, where the increase in pressure and ionization are used to facilitate the breaking of hydrogen bonds. This principle explains the behavior and movement of molecules in a gaseous state.

[0025] 6. Principle of Conservation of Angular Momentum: This principle is applied in the use of magnets and repulsion to maintain constant motion; conservation of angular momentum ensures that the system maintains its rotational motion in the absence of external forces.

[0026] 7. Principle of Conservation of Momentum: This principle applies to the system of magnets and coils, where conservation of momentum ensures that the forces of repulsion and attraction are properly balanced to maintain constant motion.

[0027] The presented document includes a power generation process based on a specific process invention. It presents components and concepts related to electrical engineering and physics. Some of the components used are commercially available in specialized stores. However, the result obtained by integrating these components is completely novel and inventive.

[0028] Documents referring to electricity generation do not mention a chamber with a magnetic rotor and injection of water with copper ions, a dissociation chamber, and a water compression chamber.

[0029] Object of study.

[0030] The subject matter of study is a pulsed power generation process for square pulse motors and the integration of equipment as a system that uses a chamber with a magnetic rotor and injection of water with copper ions, a dissociation chamber, and a water compression chamber.

[0031] Brief description of the figures

[0032] Figure 1 represents the basic description of the process.

[0033] Figure 2 represents the block diagram of the Process.

[0034] Figure 3 represents the interconnection diagram of the magnetic generator (1) where the following components can be seen: 220 / 2200V transformer (2); magnetic contact (3); donut type ferrite magnets (4); 75 VAC capacitor (5); transformer output (6); brushless motor (7); 3.6 V Li-ion battery (8); PVC crosshead (9); battery management system (BMS) (10).

[0035] Figure 4 represents the storage and initial ionization process, where the following components can be seen: plastic tank for storing water (11); Aluminum tube V * (12); surrounding copper coil (13); excitation system for the coil (charge) (14). Figure 5 represents the diagram of the containment chamber, where the following components can be seen: aluminum tube V * (12); pivot (15), compression chamber (34) composed of ferrite, copper and gadolinium; rubber stopper (17); shaft (18); %” tube (19), composed of ferrite, copper and neodymium; 5V stepper motor (26); power supply (20) (charge); bellows (21), preferably made of leather, wood and iron.

[0036] Figure 6 represents the generation of electric pulses where the following components can be seen: bellows (21); bridge or clamp (22); arrangement of piezoelectric generators (23); connection to the transformer (24); transformer output (25) (load); square pulse electric motor (26) of 0.5 HP.

[0037] Figure 7. Complete diagram of the pulsed electric power generation process; complete description of the process, showing the following components:

[0038] 12V magnetic generator© (1 ); brushless motor (7); BCM circuit (27); water storage tank (11 ); ionization chamber (16), which inside contains a surrounding coil (13) of high purity copper and silver; high frequency PWM circuit (28); output with connecting tube made of aluminum material (29); mini water pump with 5 volt stepper motor (30); aluminum pipe (12) for liquid conduction; (39) magnetic rotor; resonant circuit (40); high frequency transducer (41 ) (ultrasound); surrounding coil (13) around the aluminum tube (12); plunger with mobile neodymium base (43); mini pneumatic cylinder (44); far-infrared spectrum LED light (45); tubular structure (46) with cavity and walls coated with magnetic materials; compression chamber (47); perfusion bag (48); pneumatic micro press (49); 20V piezoelectric generators (50); 8-input - 1-output coupling transformer (51); 125 VAC capacitor (52);power board (53); 0.5 HP pulse motor (54); 10:1 reducer (55); (56) 4 kw / h low-speed self-induced electric generator (neodymium).

[0039] Detailed description of the invention

[0040] The present invention is directed toward pulsed electricity generation, harnessed by a square-pulse motor, thereby obtaining mechanical energy for coupling an alternator (Figure 1). The process is as follows: H2O subprocessing through ionization, fragmentation, and autoionization; dissociation and compression subprocess; subprocess in the containment chamber and water gas outlet.

[0041] Electrical pulses are generated through an arrangement of piezoelectric generators (24) figure 6, delivering electrical pulses to a circuit, which are collected and sent to feed the pulse electric motor (52) figure 6, obtaining 0.5 HP.

[0042] The mechanical energy obtained from the pulse electric motor (52) figure 7, is transferred to a reduction system (53), to obtain greater force and is transferred to the magnetic generator (28) and thus generate up to 4 kW / h.

[0043] With reference to Figure 3, a magnetic generator is implemented.

[0044] The adaptations made to the present transformer (2) are the following:

[0045] Battery management system (BMS) (10), to control the charge and discharge of the battery (8), thus maximizing the efficiency of the battery figure (8) and prolonging its continuous use up to 80 hours; a brushless motor (24), which will serve as support for the first similar brushless motor (7), this is with the purpose of minimizing the coefficient of friction and optimizing the efficiency of the rotation.

[0046] The operation of the magnetic generator figure 3, is very simple, the parts are assembled as follows:

[0047] The 4 donut-type ferrite magnets (4) are fitted to the crosshead (9) and secured with screws, nuts and washers, from there the crosshead (9) is fixed to the first brushless motor (7) and this in turn to the second brushless motor (24) to make the movement efficient and minimize friction and is fixed to a base; a transformer (2) is placed to one side, at a distance of 4-5 cm; the magnetic contact (3) is interconnected to the primary winding of the transformer (2), which will also be installed 1 cm away from the turning radius of the ferrite magnets (4), its main function will be to open and close the power supply circuit for the 3-cell battery.6V (8) and the primary winding of the transformer (2), with them a magnetic field is generated that will be used for the repulsion of the ferrite magnets (4) to maintain the constant rotation of the magnet arrangement; the secondary winding will be used to obtain a potential difference once it is excited by the magnetic field when the ferrite magnets (4) pass through (Faraday's Law). To maintain a constant voltage, the 75 VAC capacitor (5) is adapted and with this a direct current is obtained to feed the other systems and recharge the 3.6V batteries (8) connected to the magnetic generator (1).

[0048] This magnetic generator (1) was selected given the additional utilization of its components within the fluid treatment process. It is important to note that the generating capacity of the aforementioned device is 12 volts.

[0049] Once the system's power supply has been described, we will move on to the subcomponents of the power generation process.

[0050] The device has 4 elements:

[0051] 1. H2O processor figure 4

[0052] 2. Chamber with magnetic rotor and injection of H2O ionized with copper ions (Cu), ionization chamber (17) and H2O compression chamber (47), figure 5.

[0053] 3. Compression and decompression system by molecular density of H2O figure 5.

[0054] 4. Piezoelectric system, Square pulse electric motor, figure 6.

[0055] Physical principles involved in the process:

[0056] Principle of conservation of angular momentum: The principle of conservation of angular momentum is applied in the use of magnets and coils to maintain the constant motion of the generator. Conservation of angular momentum ensures that the system maintains its rotational motion in the absence of external forces.

[0057] Newton's laws are fundamental to the analysis of motion and the interaction of forces in systems. The forces of repulsion and attraction between magnets and the motion of water molecules are governed by Newton's laws. Newton's laws include the law of inertia, the law of force, and the third law of action and reaction, which describe how objects move and respond to forces.

[0058] 1. H2O processor.

[0059] Continuing with figure 3, the device works with the principle of magnetic dipole moment of H2O, it is made up of a surrounding coil (13), built with 98% pure copper wire and silver, this coil works at low voltage < 24 volts and low amperage < 0.498 A, low salt water is made to flow and magnetized copper and ionized water are obtained; The ionization process enriches the H2O before entering the compression chamber (47).

[0060] The physical principles that interact in the present process are the following:

[0061] Ionization: When a water molecule (H2O) is bombarded by charged particles (ions) or by photons of sufficient energy, it loses one of its electrons, forming a positively charged species: the H2O+ ion. This is the process known as ionization.

[0062] Although the concept of ionization in most cases refers to a chemical interaction, the process describes how magnetic fields can affect the properties of low-salt water and its behavior.

[0063] Effects of magnetic fields on water:

[0064] Magnetic fields can influence the properties of water, particularly the orientation of water molecules due to their magnetic dipole moment. Water is a molecule with a permanent dipole moment, meaning it has a partial positive charge on the hydrogen and a partial negative charge on the oxygen, giving it a dipole structure.

[0065] Magnetic interaction energy equation:

[0066] To describe how magnetic fields affect water molecules, the magnetic interaction energy equation can be used:

[0067] E = -p • B

[0068] Where:

[0069] E is the magnetic interaction energy. p is the magnetic dipole moment of the water molecule.

[0070] B is the intensity of the magnetic field.

[0071] This equation shows that the magnetic interaction energy depends on the molecule's magnetic dipole moment and the magnetic field strength. Change in the orientation of water molecules:

[0072] When a magnetic field is applied to a water system, the water molecules tend to align in the direction of the field due to the magnetic interaction. This is known as the paramagnetic orientation of water. However, it is important to note that this effect is relatively weak compared to other effects such as electrical interaction.

[0073] In summary, magnetic fields can affect the orientation of water molecules due to their magnetic dipole moment.

[0074] Maxwell's equations are fundamental to understanding how electric and magnetic fields interact and are generated in the process described. These laws describe how electromagnetic fields propagate and affect electrically charged particles.

[0075] 2. Chamber with magnetic rotor and H2O injection (ionization chamber (17) and H2O compression chamber (47).

[0076] The system is integrated with two chambers: the first, also called dissociation chamber (17), has a magnetic rotor and injection of copper ionized H2O and the second is the compression chamber (47).

[0077] The dissociation chamber (17) has two main functions:

[0078] As a first function it changes the angle of the spin during a time interval, this process of paramagnetic orientation of H2O is sent to the magnetic generator (1) of ferrite magnets (4) which are round magnets in the form of a perforated cylinder, placed on a crosshead (9) in pairs to reduce the coefficient of friction, mounted on a dual system without brushes so that the values ​​of the coefficients of friction in sum are a value ~ 0.

[0079] The repulsive motion on a double-fused coil system generates voltage and feeds the repulsive magnetic field (they repel the magnet) and continue the movement.

[0080] Continuing with figure 3, the magnetic generator (1) is built with high hardness steel sheets, high chromium and magnesium content; On it is a winding of copper wire at 98% purity, 240 turns, diameter <t>of the 1 mm wire; and in a pair of the winding, a 3.6 V battery with BMS battery management system (10) is connected to excite the coil (13) and create an internal magnetic field.

[0081] This generator produces 12 volts in pulses, which is sent to a capacitor (5) of 0.12 millifarads with which a sum of the two coils is made applying Kirchoff's theorem, to increase the amperage to more than one Ampere and maintain the voltage with which we feed the system for a duration of 80 hours.

[0082] As a second function is the increase in temperature in the aluminum center of the brushless motor (7); By having water passage and taking advantage of the magnetic field flow and moving the electron orbit, the molecule enters a state of resonance and it is possible to charge the molecule, facilitating the breaking of the covalent bond through an increase in pressure in its atmosphere inside the cylinder. In the arrangement mounted on the aluminum axis where the ionized water circulates, the ferrite magnets (4) enter into a perpendicular magnetic movement (centrifugal movement) or repulsion when the movement is equalized more than 80 hours the coefficient is 0.

[0083] With reference to figure 5, the compression chamber (35) is made up of a piston with a mobile neodymium base (34) and on its outer part it has an arrangement of coils, which when injecting a potential difference generate a magnetic field of the same polarity, generating a repulsion to the mobile neodymium base (34) that generates a compression with sufficient force to cause the breaking of the hydrogen bonds.

[0084] The physical principles involved in the process are Maxwell's laws, which are fundamental to understanding how electric and magnetic fields interact and are generated in the process described, especially in the operation of the magnetic generator.

[0085] Maxwell's equations are a set of four partial differential equations that describe how electric and magnetic fields are generated, propagated, and acted upon. Maxwell's equations are fundamental to understanding how electric and magnetic fields interact and are generated in the process described. These laws describe how electromagnetic fields propagate and act upon electrically charged particles.

[0086] Principles of Kinetic Molecular Theory: The principles of kinetic molecular theory are relevant to understanding the behavior and motion of water molecules during compression and decompression. Pressure and electromagnetic charge are used to modify covalent bonds and achieve a change of state of the molecules. In kinetic molecular theory, the molecules of a liquid are considered to move in a chaotic pattern due to their collisions and collisions with other nearby molecules. To describe this motion and the iterations of a water molecule in a liquid state, we can use the Langevin equation, which is a simplified form of the equation of motion of a particle subjected to random forces.

[0087] 3. Compression and decompression system by molecular density of H2O, figure 5.

[0088] The molecules are injected into a plunger with a mobile neodymium base (34) which is constructed with a magnetic material that prevents the molecules from adhering to the walls.

[0089] Atmospheric pressure (vacuum pressure) is lowered enough to break the covalent bonds (breaking the hydrogen bond by pressure (Kinetic Molecular Theory) and electromagnetic charge).

[0090] Molecules in this state are conducted through a duct composed of magnetic materials with a dual function: pushing the ionized particles and preventing them from adhering to the walls of the duct. This is achieved thanks to the water molecules and Cu ions.

[0091] Physical principles involved in the process:

[0092] This equation (from the Kinetic Molecular Theory) relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of an ideal gas or vapor. When pressure and temperature increase to certain critical values, liquid water changes to a gaseous or vaporous state. The equation allows us to predict how changes in pressure and temperature will affect the change of state of water and how the speed of water particles relates to the aforementioned variables.

[0093] To integrate kinetic molecular theory with Newton's three laws and describe the motion and iterations of a water molecule in the liquid state, as well as its change of state to gas under the influence of atmospheric pressure, temperature and particle velocity, the macroscopic approach is used and the collective behavior of a large number of molecules is considered, in this way, we can relate the macroscopic variables with Newton's laws and the microscopic properties of the molecules.

[0094] Movement and iterations of a water molecule in a liquid state:

[0095] We use the Langevin equation to describe the motion of a water molecule in the liquid, as mentioned above. We also consider that the water molecule is subject to gravitational forces, which depend on its mass and the acceleration due to gravity. Finally, we use Newton's third law, which states that for every force exerted by the molecule on the liquid, there is a reaction force equal in magnitude but opposite in direction.

[0096] Change of state of water from liquid to gas or vapor under atmospheric pressure, temperature and particle velocity:

[0097] Ideal Gas Law: Describes the change of state of water from liquid to gas or vapor under the influence of atmospheric pressure, temperature, and particle velocity; We use the Ideal Gas Law to describe the change of state of water to gas or vapor under atmospheric pressure, temperature, and particle velocity. We also consider the forces acting on the molecule when it is in the gaseous state. In this case, it would also be subject to gravitational force and the reaction force due to its collisions with other molecules in the gas.

[0098] 4. Square pulse electric motor figure 7.

[0099] A light is placed by means of a far-spectrum LED (36) to keep the water unstable (it changes state under pressure) and these electrons are conducted to accumulation chambers called perfusion bags (38) that when reaching their limit contract abruptly, due to the restoration of the hydrogen bonds and in this contraction movement a torque is generated obtaining movement from an arrangement of piezoelectric generators (23) of commercial values ​​(20 Volts, 8 mA each piece) and from there the square pulse motor figure (26) is fed.

[0100] To address this final phase of the process, we must first consider the change of state of water from gas to liquid under changes in pressure and temperature. We then determine the time required for the gas or vapor molecules to return to the liquid state, as well as the pressure or suction force exerted by this change of state. In our case, the specific volume of steam is approximately equal to the specific volume of water in the liquid state, since the volume difference resulting from a small change in pressure and temperature is negligible.

[0101] The resulting pressure or suction force exerted by such a change of state will depend on the contact surface area of ​​the water in the perfusion bag (38) and the change in internal pressure when the pressure is changed to one atmosphere.

[0102] Laws of physics involved in the process:

[0103] Clausius-Clapeyron Law: This law establishes the relationship between pressure, temperature and the latent heat of vaporization during the change of state from a liquid to a gas.

[0104] Boyle's Law: This law states that, at constant temperature, the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional.

[0105] Charles's Law: This law states that, at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its absolute temperature.

[0106] First Law of Thermodynamics: Also known as the Law of Conservation of Energy, it states that energy is neither created nor destroyed, it only transforms from one form to another.

[0107] Mathematical equation for the time required for gas or vapor molecules to return to a liquid state:

[0108] We can use the Clausius-Clapeyron Law to relate pressure, temperature, and the latent heat of vaporization (L) during the change of state. Figure 2 describes the block diagram of the process. Bellows and piezoelectric generators:

[0109] The particles in the bellows (21) internal contents decrease in kinetic energy, resulting in a decrease in internal pressure. This decrease in pressure is reflected in a decrease in temperature in the ideal gas equation. When the temperature decreases, the internal pressure decreases, and the walls of the bellows (21) contract.

[0110] In addition, the laws of thermal expansion also play an important role. When steam enters the bellows, the bellows walls (21 ) expand due to heat absorption. When we go back to atmospheric pressure, the molecules quickly return to their liquid state and, in doing so, contract, causing a contraction in the bellows (21 ).

[0111] The relationship between the length variation (AL), the initial length (LO), the coefficient of linear expansion (a), and the temperature variation (AT) is described by the following equation:

[0112] AL=aL0AT

[0113] When the bellows (21) is filled with gas (vapor) (Figure 5), the particles inside the bellows gain kinetic energy. This results in an increase in the speed of the particles and, therefore, an increase in the internal pressure of the bellows. This increase in pressure can be described using the Ideal Gas Law, which states:

[0114] PV=nRT

[0115] Where:

[0116] P is the pressure in the bellows.

[0117] V is the volume of the bellows. n is the amount of substance (number of moles) of the gas in the bellows.

[0118] R is the gas constant (approximately 8.314 J / (moLK) for air).

[0119] T is the temperature in degrees Kelvin. In short, the expansion and contraction of the inner walls of the bellows is due to the variation in internal pressure caused by changes in the molecular structure, along with the thermal expansion of the materials inside the bellows. These phenomena are explained and substantiated using the ideal gas laws and thermal expansion.

[0120] Magnetic generator

[0121] Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction:

[0122] Justification: Faraday's law is essential to explain how electrical energy is generated in the "Magnetic" generator, figure 4. The variation of the magnetic flux in the primary winding of the transformer due to the movement of the magnets generates a potential difference in the secondary winding, which produces an electric current.

[0123] Equation: Faraday's law can be expressed as: E = -N * d <t> / dt Where E is the induced electromotive force, N is the number of turns in the coil and d <t> / dt is the rate of change of magnetic flux through the coil.

[0124] Kirchhoff's theorem:

[0125] Justification: Kirchhoff's theorem is important in the electrical circuit to ensure that the current entering the generator is equal to the current leaving, ensuring the conservation of electrical charge in the system.

[0126] Equation: Kirchhoff's Current Law is expressed as: Z l_in = Z l_out, where Z l_in is the sum of the currents entering the node and Z l_out is the sum of the currents leaving the node.

[0127] Principle of Conservation of Energy:

[0128] Justification: The principle of conservation of energy is essential to ensure that the mechanical energy obtained from the movement of water molecules and magnets is conserved and converted into electrical energy.

[0129] The principle of conservation of energy can be expressed as: Initial Mechanical Energy + Generated Electrical Energy = Final Mechanical Energy H2O Processor.

[0130] Renner-Teller Effect. The electrons in a molecule are distributed in levels with different energies. If an electron is removed from the highest energy level of the water molecule, the resulting H2O+ ion is stable. However, if a slightly higher energy level is transferred, an electron is extracted from a deeper level. In this case, the resulting ion breaks apart, producing fragments, including radicals such as OH, hydrogen atoms, and their positive ions. This breaking up was observed more than thirty years ago, but until now, how it occurs had not been explained. In general, the movements of electrons and nuclei in a molecule can be considered independent, since nuclei are thousands of times heavier than electrons and therefore move much more slowly. However, the H2O+ ion breaks apart by a mechanism that requires coupling between the movements of nuclei and electrons.

[0131] Reorganization, opening, closing and separation.

[0132] The fragmentation process initially involves a rapid reorganization of the electrons that takes place in a very short time, through a conical intersection; as a result of this reorganization, the HOH equilibrium angle becomes 180°, placing the three nuclei on a straight line. An opening and closing movement of this angle (called bending) is observed around the linear geometry; simultaneously, the oxygen and hydrogen nuclei separate. The percentages of fragments obtained from the numerical simulation coincide with the experimental ones: 70% of the H2O+ ions dissociate into OH+ + H, while 22% fragment into H+ + OH. The proportions of OH+ + H and H+ + OH are determined by the interaction between the movements of the electrons and the bending motion of the nuclei, known as the Renner-Teller effect.

[0133] The auto-ionization constant Kw.

[0134] The auto-ionization constant is expressed as follows: Kw = [H3O+][OH-]

[0135] Equilibrium expressions do not include the concentrations of pure solids and liquids. Therefore, when expressing Kw, the concentration of water, a pure liquid, is not included. We calculate the value of Kw at 25°C using [H3O+], which is related to the pH of water. At 25°C, the pH of pure water is 7. Thus, we can calculate the concentration of hydronium ions in pure water:

[0136] [H30+]=10-pH=10-7M at 25 °C

[0137] We observe that hydronium and hydroxide form in a 1:1 molar ratio during the autoionization of pure water. We can use this ratio to calculate the hydroxide concentration in pure water at 25°C:

[0138] [OH-]=[H3O+]=10-7 M at 25 °C

[0139] Process: We use a small far-spectrum LED (45), a coil and a copper compression chamber (47) where the liquid will flow, with that small procedure figure 5.

[0140] Equation: Faraday's law can be expressed as: E = -N * d <t> / dt Where E is the induced electromotive force, N is the number of turns in the coil and d <t> / dt is the rate of change of magnetic flux through the coil (figure 5).

[0141] Chamber with magnetic rotor and injection of H2O with copper (Cu) ions or ionization chamber (17) and compression chamber (47) of H2O, figure 5.

[0142] Kinetic molecular theory is used to explain the behavior of water molecules in the H2O molecular density compression and decompression system.

[0143] Equations: Kinetic molecular theory is based on mathematical models that describe the motion and interactions of particles in a gas or liquid, including equations for pressure, particle velocity, and temperature.

[0144] Principles of Kinetic Molecular Theory:

[0145] It is used to explain the behavior of water molecules in the H2O molecular density compression and decompression system. This equation explains the behavior inside the magnetic rotor chamber. Kinetic molecular theory is based on mathematical models that describe the motion and interactions of particles in a gas or liquid, including equations for pressure, particle velocity, and temperature.

[0146] Mathematical model of the movement and iterations of a water molecule in a liquid state:

[0147] In kinetic molecular theory, the molecules of a liquid are considered to move in a chaotic pattern due to their collisions and collisions with other nearby molecules. To describe this motion and the iterations of a water molecule in a liquid state, we can use the Langevin equation, which is a simplified form of the equation of motion of a particle subjected to random forces:

[0148] Langevin equation: mdtdv=-yv+Fr Where:

[0149] • m is the mass of the water molecule.

[0150] • v is the instantaneous velocity of the water molecule.

[0151] • and is the coefficient of friction that represents the interaction of the molecule with other molecules in the liquid and the surrounding medium.

[0152] • Fr is a random force that symbolizes the combined effects of collisions and collisions with other molecules.

[0153] This equation describes how the velocity of a molecule changes over time due to friction with other molecules and the random forces it experiences. The velocity of the molecule will constantly change due to these collisions and shocks, resulting in the chaotic motion characteristic of the liquid state.

[0154] Mathematical model of the change of state of water from liquid to gas or vapor under atmospheric pressure, temperature and particle velocity:

[0155] To describe the change of state of water from liquid to gas or vapor under the influence of atmospheric pressure, temperature, and particle velocity, we can use the equation of state for ideal gases, known as the Ideal Gas Law:

[0156] Ideal Gas Law: PV=nRT Where: • P is the pressure of the gas or vapor (in Pascal, Pa).

[0157] • V is the volume occupied by the gas or vapor (in cubic meters, m 3 ).

[0158] • n is the amount of substance of the gas or vapor, measured in moles (mol).

[0159] • R is the ideal gas constant, approximately 8.314J / (mol-K).

[0160] • T is the temperature of the gas or vapor (in Kelvin, K).

[0161] This equation relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of an ideal gas or vapor. When pressure and temperature increase and reach certain critical values, water in a liquid state changes to a gaseous state or vapor. The equation allows us to predict how changes in pressure and temperature will affect the change of state of water and how the velocity of water particles relates to the aforementioned variables.

[0162] To integrate kinetic molecular theory with Newton's three laws and describe the motion and iterations of a water molecule in the liquid state, as well as its change of state to a gas under the influence of atmospheric pressure, temperature, and particle velocity, we can use the macroscopic approach and consider the collective behavior of a large number of molecules. In this way, we can relate macroscopic variables to Newton's laws and the microscopic properties of molecules. An overview of the mathematical model that integrates these concepts is presented below:

[0163] Movement and iterations of a water molecule in a liquid state:

[0164] We use the Langevin equation to describe the motion of a water molecule in the liquid, as mentioned above: mdtdv=-yv+Fr

[0165] Furthermore, we consider that the water molecule is subjected to gravitational forces, Fg, which depend on its mass, m, and the acceleration due to gravity, g. Then, we can include this force in the equation: mdtdv=-yv+F+Fg

[0166] Finally, we use Newton's third law, which states that for every force exerted by the molecule on the liquid, there is a reaction force equal in magnitude but opposite in direction. So we can express the reaction force, Fr, in terms of the resultant force on the molecule: Fr: n-(-yv+Fr+Fg).

[0167] Change of state of water from liquid to gas or vapor under atmospheric pressure, temperature and particle velocity:

[0168] We use the Ideal Gas Law to describe the change of state of water to gas or vapor under atmospheric pressure, temperature, and particle velocity:

[0169] PV=nRT

[0170] Additionally, we consider the forces acting on the molecule when it is in the gaseous state. In this case, it would also be subject to the gravitational force and the reaction force due to its collisions with other molecules in the gas, Fcollision. By combining these forces, we can set up an equation that describes the motion and change of state of the molecule in the gas: mdtdv = -yv + Freac¡on + Fg + Fcol¡s¡on

[0171] Maxwell's Laws: Equations: Maxwell's equations are a set of four partial differential equations that describe how electric and magnetic fields are generated and propagated. These equations are as follows: a) Gauss's law for the electric field: V ■ E = p / s0 b) Gauss's law for the magnetic field: V ■ B = 0 c) Faraday's law (Electromagnetic induction): V x E = -3B / 3t d) Ampere-Maxwell law: V * B = p0(J + £03E / 3t)

[0172] Coulomb's Law of Magnetism The force of attraction or repulsion between two magnetic poles, used in the alloying of chamber walls figure 5.

[0173] The force (repulsive or attractive) between two magnetic poles (in a medium) is directly proportional to the product of the strengths of the magnetic poles and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the magnetic poles.

[0174] Given the above, for containment within the chamber, it is directly proportional to the strength of the post (F ocm1 meters2).

[0175] Inversely proportional to the square of the distance "r” between poles.

[0176] Inversely proportional to the absolute permeability [p] of the surrounding communication channels.

[0177] Focm1 meters2 and F oc 1 / r2F = K (m1 m2) / pr2

[0178] Lorentz force

[0179] A charged particle located within a magnetic field inside a chamber experiences a magnetic force (Lorentz force) normal to its trajectory, which causes changes in the direction of its velocity vector, although not in its magnitude, causing its kinetic energy to remain constant. Unlike electric fields, a charged particle at rest within a magnetic field is not acted upon by any force. A very different case occurs when the particle is in motion, since, on the contrary, in this case, the particle will experience the action of a magnetic force called the Lorentz force. Therefore, magnetic fields are generated by moving charges and only exert an effect on moving electric charges.

[0180] Lorentz's law establishes that a charged particle q moving at a speed through a point where there is an intensity of magnetic field will suffer the action of a force called Lorentz force whose value is proportional to the value of q, and is obtained by means of the following expression:

[0181] Null

[0182] If the particle has no charge, q = 0 -> F =. If the particle is at rest, v = 0 -> F = 0.

[0183] If the velocity of the particle is parallel to the field. F = |q|-vB-sin 0 -> F = OMaximum.

[0184] If v and B are perpendicular ( a = 90° ) then F = |q| ■ v- B -sin 90 = |q| ■ v- B.

[0185] Work and Acceleration in the Lorentz Force Inside the chamber, the path of a charged particle is found inside a magnetic field. By definition, the velocity vector of any particle is always tangent to the path it describes. Additionally, we know that the Lorentz force is always perpendicular to v, therefore, regardless of whether the magnetic field is uniform or not, the Lorentz force is always normal to the path.

[0186] From this reasoning we can deduce that if only the Lorentz force acts:

[0187] The particle does not have tangential acceleration, only normal acceleration. This means that the magnitude of the velocity vector does not change (the speed or velocity of the particle is not altered), but its direction can.

[0188] Since the force is perpendicular to the displacement produced along the path, the work done by the Lorentz force is zero. Therefore, in magnetic fields, the kinetic energy of a particle remains constant.

[0189] Square pulse electric motor (26).

[0190] To explain this final phase of the process, we must first consider the change of state of water from gas to liquid under changes in pressure and temperature. Then, we'll determine the time required for the gas or vapor molecules to return to a liquid state, as well as the pressure or suction force exerted by this change of state.

[0191] Mathematical equation for the time required for gas or vapor molecules to return to a liquid state:

[0192] We can use the Clausius-Clapeyron Law to relate pressure, temperature, and the latent heat of vaporization (L) during a change of state. The equation is: dTdP=T(Vv-VI)L where: dP is the change in pressure, dT is the change in temperature, L is the latent heat of vaporization, T is the absolute temperature (in Kelvin), Vv is the specific volume of vapor, VI is the specific volume of liquid. For our case, we have that the specific volume of vapor (Vv) is approximately equal to the specific volume of water in the liquid state (VI), since the volume difference for a small change in pressure and temperature is negligible. The mathematical equation for the pressure or suction force exerted by such a change of state, to calculate the pressure or suction force, we need to use the following equation:

[0193] F=A-AP where: F is the force, A is the area of ​​the contact surface, AP is the change in internal pressure of the container.

[0194] The resulting force will depend on the surface area of ​​the water in contact with the container and the change in internal pressure when the pressure is changed to one atmosphere.

[0195] The particles inside the bellows decrease their kinetic energy, resulting in a decrease in internal pressure. This decrease in pressure is reflected in a decrease in temperature in the ideal gas equation. When the temperature decreases, the internal pressure decreases, and the walls of the can contract.

[0196] In addition, the laws of thermal expansion also play an important role. When steam enters the bellows (23), the walls of the bellows expand due to the absorption of heat. When we go to atmospheric pressure, the molecules quickly return to their liquid state and, in doing so, they contract, causing a contraction in the bellows (23).

[0197] The relationship between the length variation (AL), the initial length (LO), the coefficient of linear expansion (a), and the temperature variation (AT) is described by the following equation:

[0198] AL=aL0AT

[0199] When the bellows is filled with gas (vapor) (Figure 6(1 ), the particles inside the bellows gain kinetic energy. This results in an increase in the velocity of the particles and, therefore, an increase in the internal pressure of the bellows. This increase in pressure can be described using the Ideal Gas Law, which states: PV = nRT

[0200] Where:

[0201] P is the pressure in the bellows

[0202] V is the volume of the bellows n is the amount of substance (number of moles) of the gas in the bellows

[0203] R is the gas constant (approximately 8.314 J / (mol-K) for air).

[0204] T is the temperature in degrees Kelvin.

[0205] Once the previous process has been described, we proceed to take advantage of the resulting mechanical energy due to the contraction of the bellows (21), a piezoelectric generator (40) is placed with a capacity of 20 volts for each piezoelectric array pulse (23), the voltage obtained will be channeled to an electrical arrangement composed of a capacitor (42) and a transformer (41), which are interconnected to the square pulse electric motor (26).

[0206] Square pulse electric motor (26), the motor will be coupled with a 3:1 reduction system (44) to a self-induced electric generator (45) of 4 Kw, generating electric energy with a maximum capacity of 3.8 kW, the difference is due to the power factor of the generator itself and the connection distances to the load.

[0207] Description of the process components.

[0208] The parts that make up the process of generating Pulsed Electric Energy will be listed, to feed a square pulse electric motor, coupled to a permanent magnet generator, which is composed of the following elements:

[0209] The numbers indicated are in reference to figure 3.

[0210] (1) Magnetic generator

[0211] (2) 220 / 2200V Transformer

[0212] (3) Magnetic contact

[0213] (4) "Donut" type Ferrite Magnets

[0214] (5) 75 VAC capacitor

[0215] (6) Transformer output (7) First brushless motor

[0216] (8) 3.6 V Li-ion battery

[0217] (9) PVC crosshead

[0218] (10) Battery Management System (BMS)

[0219] (11 ) Plastic tank for storing water

[0220] (12) Aluminum Tube V

[0221] (13) Copper surrounding coil

[0222] (14) Excitation system for the coil (load)

[0223] (15) Pivot or valve

[0224] (16) Ionization chamber

[0225] (17) Rubber stopper

[0226] (18) Arm or axis

[0227] (19) %” tube composed of Ferrite, Copper and Neodymium

[0228] (20) Feeding (Charging) ionized water

[0229] (21 ) Leather, wood and iron bellows

[0230] (22) Bridge with arms

[0231] (23) Arrangement of Piezoelectric Generators

[0232] (24) Connection to the Transformer

[0233] (25) Transformer output (load)

[0234] (26) Square Pulse Electric Motor

[0235] (27) BCM Circuit

[0236] (28) High frequency PWM circuit.

[0237] (29) Outlet with connecting tube made of Aluminum material %”

[0238] (30) 5 volt stepper motor

[0239] (31 ) Liquid conduction pipe made of aluminum

[0240] (32) Magnetic rotor

[0241] (33) Resonant circuit

[0242] (34) Plunger with mobile neodymium base.

[0243] (35) Compression chamber

[0244] (36) Far-spectrum (infrared) LED light. Provides stability, extending the water ionization time.

[0245] (37) Contraction chamber

[0246] (38) Perfusion bag internal to the bellows

[0247] (39) Pneumatic micro press (40) 20V piezoelectric generators

[0248] (41 ) 8 input - 1 output coupling transformer.

[0249] (42) Capacitor 125 VAC

[0250] (43) Power board (44) Reducer 10:1

[0251] (45) 4 kW / h Low RPM Self-Induced Electric Generator (Neodymium)

[0252] (46) Square pulse electric motor

[0253] (47) High frequency transducer (ultrasound). Maintains the ionization energy of the water< / t> < / t> < / t> < / t> < / t>

Claims

CLAIMS. Having established all of the above, I claim as my exclusive property what I state in the following clauses:

1. The process of generating electrical energy by pulses, through the stages of a. Ionization of water b. Dissociation c. Compression d. Phase change from liquid to gas e. Abrupt decompression to generate mechanical energy f. Coupling of mechanical energy with a square pulse electric motor g. Transformation of the mechanical energy of the motor through a coupling to a self-induced generator, where The initial energy is obtained from the compression-expansion of water to feed a square pulse electric motor, coupling it to a permanent magnet generator, characterized by the use of a chamber with a magnetic rotor and injection of water with copper ions, a dissociation chamber and water compression.

2. Equipment for generating pulsed electric power, to feed a square pulse electric motor, consisting of a water tank that feeds an ionization chamber, a permanent magnet generator through which the ionized water takes thermal energy, a compression chamber that receives the ionized water that passes through the permanent magnet generator, which has a piston driven by a motor that takes energy from the permanent magnet generator and generates vacuum pressure in a chamber, where the water changes from liquid phase to vapor; a bellows driven by the passage of water vapor that at its opposite end moves a You pair of arms that press a piezoelectric generator that sends electrical energy to a transformer and this in turn, to a self-induced electrical generator.

3. The system for generating electrical energy by pulses, for feeding a square pulse electric motor, coupling it to a permanent magnet generator, as claimed in the second clause, characterized by the use of the states of water by injecting it into a mechanical bellows composed of a contraction chamber, a perfusion bag and a pneumatic micropress, which provides a mechanical force that is used for the compression of the piezoelectric generators, sending a train of electrical pulses that will feed a square pulse motor, which is coupled to a permanent magnet generator for the generation of electrical energy.

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