Wireless glucose monitoring system with replaceable transmitter patch

Abstract

Sensor systems are provided that include (i) a sensor configured to obtain sensor data indicative of an analyte level of a user's body, (ii) a first transmitter patch configured in size and shape to overlay the sensor during a first time period of use, (iii) a second transmitter patch configured in size and shape to overlay the sensor during a second time period of use. First sensor data is transmitted from the sensor to the first transmitter patch corresponding to the first time period and second sensor data is transmitted from the sensor to the second transmitter patch corresponding to the second time period. The first transmitter patch can be replaced by the second transmitter patch without removing the sensor.

Description

WIRELESS GLUCOSE MONITORING SYSTEM WITH REPLACEABLE TRANSMITTER PATCHCROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of and priority to United States Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 548,275 filed on 13 November 2023 and entitled "WIRELESS GLUCOSE MONITORING SYSTEM WITH REPLACEABLE TRANSMITTER PATCH," which application is expressly incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.BACKGROUND

[0002] Transcutaneous sensors are a type of medical device that are used to monitor various physiological parameters of a patient. These sensors are typically adhered to the skin and can measure parameters such as glucose levels, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature. The data obtained from these sensors can be used to monitor a patient's health status, guide treatment decisions, and alert healthcare providers to potential health issues.

[0003] Wireless communication technology has been incorporated into many medical devices, including transcutaneous sensors, to enable the transmission of sensor data to a remote device for processing and analysis. The remote device can be a dedicated reader, a computer, or a mobile device such as a smartphone or tablet, or a dedicated reader. The term reader, as used herein, refers to all types of remote devices that can be operated to receive sensor data from the transcutaneous sensor system.

[0004] Analyte sensing devices are one example of a transcutaneous sensor system. Analyte sensing device, such as continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), are widely used in the medical field to track a user's blood glucose levels. The term "analyte" refers to a substance that is the subject of an analysis. In the context of a CGM, glucose is considered the analyte and the glucose level is also commonly referred to as a "blood sugar" level.

[0005] A CGM typically includes a transcutaneous glucose sensor that enters or permeates at least partially through the user's skin. The CGM acquires sensor readings on a periodic basis, such as once every select number of minutes. Most CGMs also include a wireless transceiver or other electronics that store and send the sensor readings to a device, referred to herein as a reader, such as a smartphone.

[0006] Powering wireless medical devices, such as wireless sensors, has proven to be a challenge due to their small size and the demand for long battery life. Batteries for small wireless sensorsmust be small and lightweight, to fit within the form factor of the sensor system, but they also have to provide enough power to support the device's functions for a reasonable period of time. In some instances, this period of time may be only a few days, but can also be as long as several weeks.

[0007] In some cases, the batteries used by the CGM and other types of wireless sensors are rechargeable, but this requires the device to be removed from the patient and connected to a power source for recharging. Sometimes, wireless sensors can be equipped with hardware components for performing multi-function capabilities (e.g., sensors of different types to detect different biometrics, such as temperature sensors, glucose sensors, heart rate sensors, oxygen level, etc.). Sensor systems may also be equipped with other electronics and components, such as speakers for generating sounds, haptic feedback devices, transceivers for facilitating wireless communication, such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or Near Field Communication (NFC).

[0008] The components of the wireless sensors may also include Field-Programmable Gate Arrays ("FPGA"), Program-Specific or Application-Specific Integrated Circuits ("ASIC"), Program- Specific Standard Products ("ASSP"), System-On-A-Chip Systems ("SOC"), Complex Programmable Logic Devices ("CPLD"), Central Processing Units ("CPU"), Graphical Processing Units ("GPU"), or any other type of programmable hardware.

[0009] Adhesive technology is also an integral part of transcutaneous sensor systems. For example, an adhesive is typically used to secure the sensor to the patient's skin and ensure that it remains in place during use. The adhesive has to be strong enough to keep the sensor in place, but also gentle enough to avoid causing skin irritation or damage. Furthermore, the adhesive has to maintain its properties over the duration of use, which can range from several days or even weeks. A limiting factor on the duration of time that a sensor will be worn is often based on the user's biology and environmental conditions associated with the recycling of the user's skin.

[0010] Unfortunately, when the adhesive fails to hold the sensor system to the user's body any longer, the entire sensor system must be replaced. This represents undesired expense and cost, particularly for the actual transcutaneous sensor that could otherwise remain in place and could be used much longer than the period of time that ends when the adhesive fails.

[0011] In view of the foregoing, it will be appreciated that there is an ongoing need and desire to provide improved glucose and other types of analyte monitoring systems that can utilize the sensor components for a longer duration than the typical wear durations of the adhesives used to hold the systems to a user's body.

[0012] The subject matter claimed herein is not limited to embodiments that solve any disadvantages or that operate only in environments such as those described above. Rather, this background is only provided to illustrate one exemplary technology area where some embodiments described herein may be practiced.BRIEF SUMMARY

[0013] Disclosed embodiments include novel configurations of on-body sensor systems that include an on-body sensor and a separate on-body transmitter. The on-body transmitter can be replaced during the life of the on-body sensor, such that the on-body sensor can be used with two or more separate on-body transmitters.

[0014] In some embodiments, the on-body sensor systems are provided that include (i) a sensor configured to obtain sensor data indicative of an analyte level of a user's body, (ii) a first transmitter patch configured in size and shape to overlay the sensor during a first time period of use, (iii) a second transmitter patch configured in size and shape to overlay the sensor during a second time period of use. First sensor data is transmitted from the sensor to the first transmitter patch corresponding to the first time period and second sensor data is transmitted from the sensor to the second transmitter patch corresponding to the second time period. The first transmitter patch can be replaced by the second transmitter patch without removing the sensor.

[0015] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a glucose monitoring system including: (1) an on-body sensor that includes: a transcutaneous glucose sensor for obtaining sensor data indicative of a glucose level of a user wearing the on-body sensor and a first transceiver connected to the transcutaneous glucose sensor for transmitting the sensor data to a second transceiver within a predetermined distance from the first transceiver and a first battery for powering the transcutaneous glucose sensor and the first transceiver; and (2) an on- body transmitter puck that is sized to overlay the on-body sensor during use, the on-body transmitter including an adhesive portion having an adhesive surface, the inner diameter of the adhesive portion being larger than an outer diameter of the on-body sensor, the on-body transmitter puck including the second transceiver for communicating with the first transceiver, the on-body transmitter further including a processor for processing sensor data and for generating data packets that are transmitted wirelessly to a reader, and a second battery for powering the second transceiver and processor.

[0016] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a system including: a transcutaneous sensor configured to obtain sensor data; a first transceiver connected to the transcutaneous sensor and configured to transmit the sensor data to a second transceiver within a predetermined distance from the first transceiver; a printable battery configured to power the transcutaneous sensor and the first transceiver; and a transmitter patch sized to overlay the transcutaneous sensor during use, the transmitter patch including a flexible patch having an annular adhesive ring with an adhesive surface, the inner diameter of the annular adhesive ring being larger than the outer diameter of the transcutaneous sensor.

[0017] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method for managing application of a system that includes (i) a transcutaneous sensor configured to obtain sensor data from a human body and (ii) a transmitter patch sized to overlay the transcutaneous sensor during use, the method including: applying the transcutaneous sensor to a user's body; applying a first transmitter patch to the user's body overlaying the transcutaneous sensor; removing the first transmitter patch to the user's body without removing the transcutaneous sensor from the user's body; and applying a second transmitter patch to the user's body overlaying the transcutaneous sensor on the user's body.

[0018] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method for using a system that includes (i) a sensor configured to obtain sensor data indicative of an analyte level of a user's body and (ii) a transmitter patch sized to overlay the sensor during use, the method including: cause the transmitter patch to obtain the sensor data from sensor over a first wireless connection, the sensor being positioned against the user's body and at least partially interposed between the transmitter patch and the user's body; cause the sensor data to be transmitted from the transmitter patch to a remote reader over a second wireless connection; and replacing the transmitter patch by removing the transmitter patch without removing the sensor and by positioning a new transmitter patch at least partially overlaying the sensor, wherein the new transmitter patch obtains new sensor data from the sensor and transmits the new sensor data to the remote reader.

[0019] In some aspects, the techniques described herein relate to a method for managing the wireless transmission of data, the method being implemented in a system that includes (i) a sensor configured to obtain sensor data indicative of an analyte level of a user's body, (ii) a first transmitter patch configured in size and shape to overlay the sensor during a first time period of use, (iii) a second transmitter patch configured in size and shape to overlay the sensor during a second time period of use, the method including: causing first data indicative of a level of ananalyte level of a user's body at a first time period that is obtained from the sensor to be transmitted over a first type wireless connection to the first transmitter patch when the sensor is positioned against the user's body and at least partially interposed between the transmitter patch and user's body; causing the first data to be transmitted to a reader over a second type of wireless connection; causing second data indicative of an analyte level of the user's body at a second time period that is obtained from the sensor to be transmitted over the first type of wireless connection to a second transmitter patch when the sensor is positioned against the user's body and at least partially interposed between the second transmitter patch and user's body; and causing the second data to be transmitted from the second transmitter patch to the remote reader or a different remote reader over the second type of wireless connection.

[0020] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[0021] Additional features and advantages will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the teachings herein. Features and advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instruments and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. Features of the present invention will become more fully apparent from the following description and appended claims, or may be learned by the practice of the invention as set forth hereinafter.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to describe the manner in which the above-recited and other advantages and features can be obtained, a more particular description of the subject matter briefly described above will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Understanding that these drawings depict only typical embodiments and are not therefore to be considered to be limiting in scope, embodiments will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail through the use of the accompanying drawings in which:

[0023] Figure 1 illustrates an example architecture in which sensor data is being acquired and analyzed.

[0024] Figure 2 illustrates an example of an analyte sensor in the form of a continuous glucose monitor.

[0025] Figure 3 illustrates a chart that is plotting data obtained from the analyte sensor.

[0026] Figure 4 illustrates an exa ple of an on-body sensor that is part of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes a separate on-body transmitter.

[0027] Figure 5 illustrates an example of an on-body transmitter that is part of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes a separate on-body sensor.

[0028] Figure 6 illustrates another example of an on-body transmitter that is part of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes a separate on-body sensor.

[0029] Figure 7 illustrates an example of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes an on-body sensor and a separate on-body transmitter.

[0030] Figure 8 illustrates another example of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes an on-body sensor and a separate on-body transmitter.

[0031] Figure 9 illustrates another example of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes an on-body sensor and a separate on-body transmitter.

[0032] Figure 10 illustrates another example of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes an on-body sensor and a separate on-body transmitter.

[0033] Figure 11 illustrates another example of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes an on-body sensor and a separate on-body transmitter.

[0034] Figure 12 illustrates another example of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes an on-body sensor and a separate on-body transmitter.

[0035] Figure 13 illustrates an example of a flowchart of acts associated with the application and use of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes an on-body sensor and a separate on-body transmitter.

[0036] Figure 14 illustrates another example of a flowchart of acts associated with the application and use of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes an on-body sensor and a separate on-body transmitter.

[0037] Figure 15 illustrates another example of a flowchart of acts associated with the application and use of an on-body transmitter and sensor system that includes an on-body sensor and a separate on-body transmitter.

[0038] Figure 16 illustrates a computer system which may be incorporated into and / or be utilized to implement the disclosed embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Disclosed embodiments include multi-part sensor systems that include (i) a sensor configured to obtain sensor data indicative of an analyte level of a user's body and one or more transmitter patches configured in size and shape to overlay the sensor. In some embodiments, first sensor data is transmitted from the sensor to the first transmitter patch corresponding to a first time period and second sensor data is transmitted from the sensor to a second transmitter patch corresponding to a second time period. The first transmitter patch can be replaced by the second transmitter patch without removing the sensor.

[0040] Disclosed embodiments also include methods for applying and using the foregoing systems.

[0041] It will be appreciated that with the configuration and use of on-body transmitter and sensor systems having separate form factors, it is possible to extend the useful life of the on- body sensors to be used with two or more on-body transmitters and without having to remove the on-body sensors.Example Architectures

[0042] Figure 1 illustrates an example architecture 100 of a sensor system used to obtain and process analyte sensor data from a user's body. In many embodiments, the referenced analyte comprises glucose. In other embodiments, the analyte may also comprise lactate, cholesterol, ethanol, methanol, glycerol or any other type of analyte.

[0043] Architecture 100 is shown as including a service 105. As used herein, the term "service" refers to an automated program that is tasked with performing different actions based on input. In some cases, service 105 can be a deterministic service that operates fully given a set of inputs and without a randomization factor. In other cases, service 105 can be or can include an artificial intelligence (Al) or machine learning (ML) engine, as shown by ML engine 110. With the ML engine 110, service 105 can operate even when faced with various different randomization factors.

[0044] As used herein, reference to any type of ML or Al may include any type of ML algorithm or device, convolutional neural network(s), multilayer neural network(s), recursive neural network(s), deep neural network(s), decision tree model(s) (e.g., decision trees, random forests, and gradient boosted trees) linear regression model(s), logistic regression model(s), support vector machine(s) ("SVM"), Al device(s), or any other type of intelligent computing system. Any amount of training data may be used (and perhaps later refined) to train the ML algorithm to dynamically perform the disclosed operations.

[0045] In some implementations, service 105 is a cloud service operating in a cloud environment, such as cloud 115. In some implementations, service 105 is a local service operating on a local device (e.g., sensor 130, device 125, and / or any other device). In some implementations, service 105 is a hybrid service that includes a cloud component operating in the cloud 115 and a local component operating on a local client device. These two components can communicate with one another.

[0046] Service 105 is tasked with various operations that include collecting sensor data, analyzing that sensor data, and determining the impact of that sensor data with respect to a user associated with the sensor data. To do so, service 105 can include an analytics 120 component that is capable of performing data analysis on the collected sensor data. In some examples, analytics 120 and ML Engine 110 can be the same component.

[0047] As shown in Figure 1, service 105 can communicate with a device 125. Device 125 can be any type of personal device, including any type of wearable device or mobile device. Examples of device 125 include, but certainly are not limited to, any type of device reader, smart phone, tablet, laptop, desktop, wearable device, and so on. Device 125 is shown as communicating with a sensor 130 and is further shown as receiving sensor data 135 from the sensor 130. Sensor 130 is the component that collects the sensor data 135. In some cases, device 125 and sensor 130 can be implemented on the same device.

[0048] Sensor 130 can be any type of sensor. One particular example of sensor 130 includes a CGM. A CGM operates by inserting a small sensing unit under a person's skin. This sensing unit then measures that person's interstitial glucose levels. Typically, this sensing unit acquires new data at a periodic rate, such as once every selected number of minutes, although the data could also be collected continuously. That data is represented as sensor data 135 in Figure 1.

[0049] As described herein, the sensor 130 may be a multiple-part sensor assembly which includes an on-body sensor (e.g., a glucose sensor unit) and a separate on-body transmitter that is configured to overlay and communicate with the on-body sensor. As described in more detail below, the on-body sensor obtains sensor data from the user's body and transmits that sensor data to the on-body transmitter. Then, the on-body transmitter processes and transmits the sensor data to a remote reader, such as device 125.

[0050] Device 125 communicates with sensor 130 using a wireless communication technology, such as Bluetooth. In some instances, the communication type or protocol used to transmit data from the on-body sensor to the on-body transmitter (e.g., a near-field communication (NFC) protocol) is different than a wireless communication type or protocol used to transmit the datafrom the transmitter to a reader, such as device 125 (e.g., Bluetooth). The reader may be a mobile phone, for example, which has an application installed on it to process and display the sensor data 135.

[0051] Service 105 can communicate with device 125 via any type of wireless communication protocol as well. In some implementations, the communication protocol is a Bluetooth protocol such as the 5.4 Bluetooth protocol or Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE). In some implementations, the protocol is a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), a different NFC or (in some alternative embodiments) the same NFC used by the on-body sensor, and / or an Internet Protocol (IP). Often, device 125 transmits the sensor data 135 to the cloud 115, where that sensor data 135 is then stored in a repository that is accessible to service 105.

[0052] In some implementations, the sensor data 135 is encrypted or otherwise integrity protected to ensure tampering does not occur. Also, in some implementations, any personally identifiable information (PI I) is stripped from sensor data 135 prior to it being stored in the cloud 115.

[0053] Service 105 then uses its analytics 120 component and / or the ML engine 110 to analyze the sensor data 135. Service 105 generates output data 140 as a result of performing that analysis. In the scenario where sensor 130 is a CGM and where the sensor data 135 reflects glucose levels for a user, the output data 140 can reflect glycemic insights such as a glycemic impact 145 for the user. Glycemic impact 145 generally refers to a patient's bodily state with respect to blood sugar levels. Figure 2 provides another example.

[0054] Figure 2 shows a device 200, comprising a reader, which is representative of device 125 from Figure 1. Device 200 is in communication with a CGM 205, which is representative of sensor 130. CGM 205 is currently affixed to the user's arm and is tracking the user's glucose levels. Device 200 is hosting an application (or simply "app") 210. App 210 provides a visualization of the tracked data (e.g., a graph or trace of glucose levels over a period of time).

[0055] Figure 3 shows a glucose chart 300 that is rendered on or as part of a user interface or graphical interface that is generated to render the glucose chart 300. In some instances, the glucose chart 300 is rendered as a display element of the user interface generated for and presented by the app 210 of Figure 2. As shown, glucose chart 300 is currently displaying sensor data 305, which is reflective of the user's glucose levels over a period of time. For instance, the horizontal axis reflects the glucose levels over a minutes-based time period. In this regard, the glucose chart 300 is a time-series graph that represents discrete visualizations or graphicalindicators corresponding to and representing corresponding glucose levels for each rendered graphical indicator in the chart.

[0056] In conventional systems, the sensor (e.g., a sensor such as CGM 205) will be configured to establish (or at least attempt to establish) communications with the reader at a predetermined interval, e.g., every minute, every 2 minutes, every 3 minutes, every 4 minutes, every 5 minutes, every 5+n minutes, or at a frequency that is between any of the intervals mentioned. Once the communication session is established between the sensor and the reader, the sensor will transmit the sensor data that was obtained during a fixed period of the preceding time (e.g., the previous 5 minutes). A user can also engage with the application on the reader to query the sensor for additional information if desired. After the sensor data is transmitted, the sensor may terminate the communication session with the reader.

[0057] Each time the sensor attempts or successfully establishes communications with a reader, it must first send an advertisement to connect with a receptive reader (e.g., device 200). Readers that receive the advertisement can acknowledge receipt of the advertisement by transmitting an acknowledgement packet back to the sensor. Then, the devices can proceed through the connection process which may include the transmission of authentication data and the exchange of security tokens, as well as the selection of the channel that the communication session will proceed on. In conventional systems, none of the actual sensor data is transmitted with the advertisement.

[0058] In some embodiments, it is desirable to use a single on-body sensor for an extended duration of time (E.g., several weeks) during which it may be desirable to exchange or replace the on-body transmitter and without having to remove and replace the on-body sensor. In disclosed embodiments, this is possible. This may be desirable, for example, to extend the life and utility of the sensor. This can reduce overall costs for using the sensor. It may also be desirable to replace the on-body transmitter with a new on-body transmitter having a different functionality or even color to suit a preference of a user. It may also be desirable to remove and recharge the battery of the on-body transmitter without having to remove the on-body sensor, particularly when the application of the on-body sensor may include a more complicated process of inserting a distal end of the glucose sensor into the skin of the user.

[0059] The terms sensor system, sensor, glucose sensor, analyte sensor, on-body sensor, on- body sensor, and sensor unit are sometimes used interchangeably herein, and are distinguished from the referenced transmitter. The referenced transmitter is sometimes referred to herein asa transmitter unit, transmitter patch, on-body transmitter system, on-body transmitter patch, on-body transmitter puck.

[0060] The combination term "on-body transmitter and sensor system" refers to a combination of the separable sensor unit and the transmitter unit.

[0061] Figure 4 illustrates one example of an on-body sensor 400 that includes on-body sensor electronics positioned on a hardware chip or other material. In some instances, this material is flexible, such as a flexible patch with flexible wire traces that electrically couple the on-body sensor electronics.

[0062] The on-body sensor electronics may include the glucose sensor as well as a transceiver for transmitting the data obtained by the on-body sensor (i.e., data indicative of an analyte level of the user's body) to a corresponding second transceiver that is integrated into the electrical components of a transmitter that overlays the on-body sensor during use. The electronics of the on-body sensor may also include an ASIC for processing sensor data and for controlling the other sensor electronics. The sensor electronics may also include a battery, such as a printed battery that powers the other on-body sensor electronics and that can be smaller than the battery of the transmitter and that may have a smaller Ampere-hour (Ah) rating and / or capacity than the battery of the transmitter.

[0063] Figure 5 illustrates an example of the on-body transmitter 500 that includes on-body transmitter electronics positioned on a hardware chip or other material. In some instances, this material is flexible, such as a flexible patch with flexible wire traces that electrically couple the on-body transmitter electronics. In other instances, the on-body transmitter electronics are positioned on a rigid material.

[0064] The on-body transmitter electronics may include a transceiver for receiving the sensor data transmitted from the on-body sensor over a first wireless connection using a first wireless protocol (e.g., a NFC protocol). The transmitter electronics may also include a same or separate transceiver for transmitting the sensor data over a second wireless connection using a second wireless protocol to a reader (e.g., Bluetooth or Wi-Fi), or, alternatively, using the first wireless protocol.

[0065] The electronics of the on-body transmitter may also include an ASIC or other processor for processing sensor data and for controlling the other transmitter electronics. The transmitter electronics may also include a battery that powers the other on-body transmitter electronics.

[0066] The electronics of the on-body transmitter and on-body sensor may also include memory or other storage for storing the sensor data, as well as computer-executable instructions thatare processed by the ASICs or processors for performing the processes of the on-body transmitter and on-body sensor that are described herein.

[0067] As shown, the on-body transmitter includes an outer edge that may be flexible, such as the flexible material on the outer portions of an adhesive patch.

[0068] The on-body transmitter also includes an adhesive portion with an adhesive surface that may be positioned at the outer edge or other portions of the on-body transmitter. Notably, however, the on-body transmitter also includes a non-adhesive portion that is sized and configured to overlay the on-body sensor during use and without adhering to the on-body sensor. This enables that on-body transmitterto be removed without pulling the on-body sensor away from the user's skin during the removal of the on-body transmitter.

[0069] Figure 6 illustrates views of an on-body transmitter 600 in which the outer edge of the on-body transmitter 600 comprises an adhesive region in the shape of an annular ring and in which a central spherical shape of the on-body transmitter comprises a non-adhesive region.

[0070] Figure 7 illustrates an example of an on-body transmitter and sensor system 700 that includes both (i) an on-body transmitter, such as on-body transmitter 500 and (ii) an on-body sensor, such as on-body sensor 400. The on-body transmitter is also positioned over the on-body sensor in such a way the on-body sensor is entirely under the non-adhesive region of the on- body transmitter. In particular, both the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the on-body transmitter adhesive region is larger than the outer diameter of the on-body sensor.

[0071] Figure 8 illustrates a side view of an on-body transmitter and sensor system 800 that is similar to the on-body transmitter and sensor system 700 and that includes both (i) an on-body transmitter unit, such as on-body transmitter 500 and (ii) an on-body sensor unit, such as on- body sensor 400.

[0072] In this example, the on-body transmitter and sensor system 800 is positioned on a user's skin, with the glucose sensor of the on-body sensor unit inserted as a transcutaneous sensor into the user's skin.

[0073] The on-body sensor unit is also held in place against the user's skin by the biasing force of the on-body transmitter unit. The on-body transmitter unit is held against the user's skin by the adhesive of the adhesive region surrounding the on-body sensor unit. In this example, the on-body sensor unit does not include any adhesive elements. However, in some embodiments, the on-body sensor unit may include an adhesive surface to help maintain the on-body sensor in place while replacing the outer on-body sensor unit. Otherwise, the user must exert special care to hole the glucose sensor in place while replacing the on-body transmitter unit.

[0074] When the on-body transmitter unit is positioned against or near the on-body sensor unit in this manner they are able to wirelessly communicate over NFC communication channels with their corresponding transceiver and other electronic components.

[0075] Figure 9 illustrates a bottom view of an on-body transmitter and sensor system 900 that is similar to the on-body transmitter and sensor system 800, just described. In this example, the adhesive region of the on-body transmitter comprises an annular ring. Notably, the outer diameter of the on-body sensor is smaller than the inner diameter of the adhesive region of the on-body transmitter, such that the adhesive region of the on-body transmitter does not overlap any portion of the on-body sensor unit.

[0076] Figure 10 illustrates a bottom view of another on-body transmitter and sensor system 900 that is similar to the on-body transmitter and sensor systems 800 and 900, just described. However, In this example, the adhesive region of the on-body transmitter is split into one or more first adhesive region(s) 1005 and one or more second adhesive region(s) 1010. While the first adhesive regions(s) 1005 is shown as a single annular ring. The first adhesive region(s) 1005 may also comprise different shapes and configurations, such as rectangular regions. Similarly, while the second adhesive regions 1010 are illustrated as multiple circular adhesive regions within the first adhesive region(s) 1005, they may also have different shapes (e.g., rectangular, annular or other shapes) and configurations and may also be positioned outside of the first adhesive region(s) 1005.

[0077] In some embodiments, the first and second adhesive regions utilize different types of adhesives, such as stronger adhesives for the second adhesive regions than used for the first adhesive regions. This can minimize the amount of stress caused to the user's skin in some instances. This can also make it easier to remove and replace the on-body transmitter in some instances. The strength of the adhesives may be any suitable strengths as measured by current American Society forTesting and Materials (ASTM) standards, such as the peel adhesion strength measure. Accordingly, it may be easier to peel away regions of the on-body transmitter having the lower peel adhesion rated adhesive than the regions of the on-body transmitter having the higher peel adhesion rated adhesive.

[0078] Figure 10 illustrates a bottom view of another on-body transmitter and sensor system 900 that is similar to the on-body transmitter and sensor systems 800, 900 and 1000, just described. However, in this embodiment, the on-body sensor also comprises its own adhesive region 1105. This embodiment can be useful for helping to keep the on-body sensor in place when the on-body transmitter is replaced.

[0079] The on-body adhesive region 1105 may use an adhesive having a higher peel adhesion rating than the adhesive used for the on-body transmitter adhesive region 1110 to facilitate keeping the on-body sensor in place for longer durations of time. This configuration can be particularly beneficial for users that do not have great dexterity and that might otherwise inadvertently displace the on-body sensor unit when replacing the on-body transmitter.

[0080] Alternatively, to reduce skin irritation, the on-body sensor adhesive region 1105 may also use an adhesive with a lower strength or peel adhesion rating than the adhesive used for the on- body transmitter adhesive region.

[0081] Figure 12 illustrates a side view of another on-body transmitter and sensor system 1200 that is similar to the on-body transmitter and sensor systems 1100, just described and in placement on a user's body. In this embodiment, the glucose sensor of the on-body sensor unit is used to obtain sensor data that is wirelessly communicated to the on-body transmitter and which the on-body transmitter transmits to a remote reader (not shown).

[0082] The on-body sensor is held in place on the user's body by an adhesive surface of the on- body sensor placed against the user's body. The on-body transmitter is held in place with an adhesive of the adhesive region of the on-body transmitter.Example Methods

[0083] The following discussion now refers to a number of methods and method acts that may be performed. Although the method acts may be discussed in a certain order or illustrated in a flow chart as occurring in a particular order, no particular ordering is required unless specifically stated, or required because an act is dependent on another act being completed prior to the act being performed.

[0084] Attention will now be directed to Figure 13, which illustrates a flowchart of an example method 1300 for applying and using the on-body transmitter and sensor systems described herein.

[0085] As shown, the method includes applying an on-body sensor to a user's body (act 1305), such as the on-body sensor 400. The application of the on-body sensor may occur with an applicator (not shown), which includes a sharp that pushes the distal end of the transcutaneous sensor into the user's skin. The application of the on-body sensor may also include applying an adhesive surface of the on-body sensor to the user's skin. This may occur with or without inserting a transcutaneous sensor into the user's skin. For instance, the sensor unit may include a sensor that sits on the skin and obtains sensor readings off of the surface of the skin (not shown).

[0086] Next, the method includes applying an on-body transmitter to the user's body, such as on-body transmitter 500, to at least partially overlap the on-body sensor (act 1310). This configuration is shown in Figures 8 and 12, for example.

[0087] Next, the method includes removing the on-body transmitter without removing the on- body sensor (act 1315) and then applying a different on-body transmitter to the user's body to at least partially overlap the on-body sensor (act 1320), and preferably without removing the on- body sensor during this process. This may include positioning the different / second on-body transmitter at a different location that the first transmitter, or so that the adhesive regions of the transmitters are not in the same positions on the user's skin, to reduce skin irritation.

[0088] Figure 14 illustrates a flowchart of another example method 1400 for using the on-body transmitter and sensor systems described herein.

[0089] As shown, the method 1400 includes an act of using an on-body transmitter (e.g., a first transmitter) to detect data indicative of a glucose level from an on-body sensor, such as data transmitted by the on-body sensor to the transmitter over a first wireless connection, such as a NFC connection (act 1405). The on-body sensor being positioned against a user's body and at least partially interposed between the on-body transmitter and the user's body.

[0090] Next, the data is transmitted to a reader by the transmitter over a second wireless connection, such as a Bluetooth connection (act 1410).

[0091] Next, the transmitter is removed from the user's body without removing the on-body sensor (act 1415).

[0092] Then, a different / second transmitter is applied to the user's body that also partially overlaps the on-body sensor (act 1420). The second transmitter may have the same or different configuration as the first transmitter.

[0093] Figure 15 illustrates a flowchart of another example of method 1500 for using the on- body transmitter and sensor systems described herein.

[0094] As shown, method 1500 includes an act of causing the first data indicative of a glucose level of a user at a first time period that is obtained from an on-body sensor to be transmitted to a first on-body transmitter over a first type of wireless connection when the on-body sensor is positioned against the user's body and at least partially interposed between the first on-body transmitter and the user's body (act 1505).

[0095] Then, method 1500 includes causing the first data to be transmitted to a reader over a second type of wireless connection (act 1510) and then causing second data indicative of the glucose level of the user at a second time period that is obtained from the on-body sensor to betransmitted to a second transmitter over the first type of wireless connection when the on-body sensor is positioned against the user's body and at least partially interposed between the second on-body transmitter and the user's body (act 1515).

[0096] Method 1500 also includes causing the second data to be transmitted to the same reader or a different reader over the second type of wireless connection (e.g., a Bluetooth connection), or even a third type of wireless connection. The third type of wireless connection may be the same as the first type of wireless connection (e.g., a NFC), a same type as the second type of wireless connection, only on a different session (e.g., a Bluetooth connection), or different than both the first and second types of wireless connections (E.g., a Wi-Fi connection).

[0097] The sensor is capable of collecting a variety of sensor data, depending on its specific configuration. For instance, in some cases, the sensor may be a transcutaneous glucose sensor, designed to obtain data indicative of the glucose level in the user's body. This data is collected continuously or at regular intervals, providing a comprehensive picture of the user's glucose levels over time.

[0098] The second component of the system is the transmitter patch. This patch is sized to overlay the transcutaneous sensor during use. The patch is designed to be applied to the user's body, directly over the location of the sensor. The patch serves as an interface between the sensor and a remote reader, facilitating the transmission of sensor data from the sensor to the reader.

[0099] The transmitter patch is designed to be easily applied and removed by the user, allowing for regular replacement of the patch without disturbing the sensor. The patch is also designed to securely overlay the sensor, ensuring that it remains in place during use and that it maintains a reliable connection with the sensor for data transmission.

[0100] The application of the transcutaneous sensor to the user's body is a straightforward process designed to ensure both comfort and accuracy in data collection. The sensor is typically applied to a clean, dry area of the skin, such as the abdomen or the back of the upper arm. The sensor is equipped with an adhesive layer that allows it to securely adhere to the skin. This adhesive layer is designed to be hypoallergenic and gentle on the skin, minimizing the risk of irritation or discomfort for the user.

[0101] The sensor is designed to be small and lightweight, ensuring that it does not cause any inconvenience or discomfort to the user when worn. Despite its small size, the sensor is capable of collecting a wealth of data from the user's body. Once applied to the skin, the sensor begins to collect data transcutaneously. This data collection process involves the sensorobtaining data from the body through the skin, without the need for any invasive procedures or injections.

[0102] As described herein, the sensor is designed to collect data continuously or at regular intervals, depending on the specific configuration of the sensor. This continuous or regular data collection allows for a comprehensive and accurate picture of the user's health status over time. The data collected by the sensor is then transmitted to the transmitter patch, which overlays the sensor on the user's body. This transmission process is facilitated by a wireless protocol, allowing for seamless and reliable data transmission without the use of wires or cables.

[0103] Following the application of the transcutaneous sensor to the user's body, the first transmitter patch is applied. This patch is designed to overlay the sensor, providing a physical interface between the sensor and the outside environment. The patch is applied directly to the user's body, over the location of the sensor. The patch is designed to be easily applied by the user, with a simple adhesive mechanism that allows it to securely adhere to the skin.

[0104] The transmitter patch is designed to be of a size that comfortably overlays the sensor. Despite its small size, the patch is capable of facilitating the transmission of a wealth of data from the sensor to a remote reader. The patch is equipped with a transceiver that is capable of receiving data from the sensor over a wireless protocol. This wireless protocol allows for seamless and reliable data transmission, without the use of wires or cables.

[0105] The transmitter patch is designed to interact with the sensor in a manner that ensures reliable data transmission. The patch is equipped with a transceiver that is capable of receiving data from the sensor. This data is then processed by the patch and transmitted to a remote reader. The patch is designed to maintain a reliable connection with the sensor at all times, ensuring that all data collected by the sensor is accurately transmitted to the remote reader.

[0106] The transmitter patch is also designed to be easily removed by the user, allowing for regular replacement of the patch without disturbing the sensor. This design feature ensures that the sensor can remain in place on the user's body for an extended period of time, while the patch can be replaced as often as is deemed appropriate by the user or a healthcare professional. This allows for continuous data collection and transmission, while also ensuring the comfort and convenience of the user.

[0107] The removal of the first transmitter patch from the user's body is a process designed to be simple and non-disruptive to the sensor. The patch is designed with an adhesive layer that allows it to securely adhere to the skin during use, but also to be easily removed when it is timeto replace the patch. This adhesive layer is formulated to release from the skin easily, without causing discomfort or irritation to the user.

[0108] Importantly, the design of the patch and its adhesive layer is such that the removal of the patch does not disturb the sensor. The sensor remains securely adhered to the user's skin, continuing to collect data even as the patch is removed. This is facilitated by the separate adhesive layers of the sensor and the patch, which allow the patch to be removed without affecting the adhesion of the sensor to the skin.

[0109] The process of removing the patch typically involves the user gently peeling the patch away from the skin, starting from one edge and working towards the other. The patch is designed to peel away easily, without requiring excessive force that could potentially dislodge the sensor. Once the patch is removed, the sensor remains in place on the user's skin, ready for the application of a new transmitter patch.

[0110] This design feature of the system allows for the regular replacement of the transmitter patch without disturbing the sensor, ensuring continuous data collection and transmission. It also contributes to the comfort and convenience of the user, as it allows for the replacement of the patch without the discomfort or inconvenience of having to remove and reapply the sensor.

[0111] Following the removal of the first transmitter patch, a second transmitter patch is applied to the user's body, overlaying the transcutaneous sensor. The second transmitter patch is designed in a similar manner to the first patch, with a size and shape that comfortably overlays the sensor. The second patch is also equipped with an adhesive layer that allows it to securely adhere to the skin, ensuring that it remains in place during use.

[0112] The application of the second transmitter patch involves positioning the patch over the sensor and pressing it gently onto the skin. The adhesive layer of the patch ensures a secure connection between the patch and the skin, while also ensuring that the patch overlays the sensor in the correct position. The second patch is designed to be easily applied by the user, with a simple adhesive mechanism that allows it to securely adhere to the skin.

[0113] Once applied, the second transmitter patch begins to interact with the sensor in a similar manner to the first patch. The patch is equipped with a transceiver that is capable of receiving data from the sensor over a wireless protocol. This wireless protocol allows for seamless and reliable data transmission, without the use of wires or cables. The second patch is designed to maintain a reliable connection with the sensor at all times, ensuring that all data collected by the sensor is accurately transmitted to a remote reader.

[0114] Importantly, the design of the second transmitter patch allows for the continuous collection and transmission of data, even as the first patch is removed and replaced. This ensures that there is no interruption in data collection or transmission, providing a continuous and comprehensive picture of the user's health status over time. The second patch is also designed to be easily removed and replaced, just like the first patch, allowing for regular replacement of the patch without disturbing the sensor.

[0115] The transmission of data between the sensor and the transmitter patches, as well as from the patches to a remote reader, is facilitated by a wireless protocol. This wireless protocol is designed to ensure seamless and reliable data transmission, without the use of wires or cables. The use of a wireless protocol allows forthe continuous collection and transmission of data, even as the transmitter patches are removed and replaced, ensuring a comprehensive and accurate picture of the user's health status over time.

[0116] The sensor is equipped with a transceiver that is capable of transmitting data to the transmitter patches over the wireless protocol. This data transmission process involves the sensor sending data to the patches in a wireless manner, without the use of physical connections. The sensor is designed to transmit data continuously or at regular intervals, depending on its specific configuration. This continuous or regular data transmission allows for a comprehensive and accurate picture of the user's health status over time.

[0117] The transmitter patches are also equipped with a transceiver that is capable of receiving data from the sensor over the wireless protocol. Once the patches receive data from the sensor, they process this data and transmit it to a remote reader. This transmission process is also facilitated by a wireless protocol, allowing for seamless and reliable data transmission without the use of wires or cables. The patches are designed to maintain a reliable connection with the sensor at all times, ensuring that all data collected by the sensor is accurately transmitted to the remote reader.

[0118] The remote reader is a device that is capable of receiving data from the transmitter patches over the wireless protocol. The reader is designed to process the data received from the patches, providing a comprehensive and accurate picture of the user's health status. The use of a wireless protocol for data transmission allows the reader to receive data from the patches in a seamless and reliable manner, without the use of wires or cables.

[0119] In some cases, the wireless protocol used for data transmission may be a Near Field Communication (NFC) connection, a Bluetooth connection, or a Wi-Fi connection. These wireless protocols are well-established and widely used in the field of wireless data transmission,ensuring reliable and efficient data transmission between the sensor, the patches, and the remote reader.

[0120] In some instances, the transcutaneous sensor may be specifically configured as a glucose sensor. This specialized sensor is designed to obtain data indicative of the glucose level in the user's body. The glucose sensor operates by detecting the concentration of glucose in the interstitial fluid, which is the fluid found between the cells of the body. This fluid is known to closely mirror the glucose levels found in the blood, making it a reliable source for glucose monitoring.

[0121] The glucose sensor operates by using a small, flexible filament that is inserted just under the skin. This filament is coated with a special enzyme that reacts with glucose. When glucose in the interstitial fluid comes into contact with the enzyme, a chemical reaction occurs that generates an electrical current. This current is proportional to the amount of glucose in the fluid, allowing the sensor to determine the glucose concentration.

[0122] The glucose sensor is designed to continuously monitor the glucose levels in the user's body, providing real-time data on the user's glucose status. This continuous monitoring allows for a comprehensive picture of the user's glucose levels over time, providing valuable information for managing conditions such as diabetes.

[0123] The data obtained by the glucose sensor is then transmitted to the transmitter patches. This transmission process is facilitated by a wireless protocol, allowing for seamless and reliable data transmission without the use of wires or cables. The transmitter patches are designed to receive this data, process it, and then transmit it to a remote reader. This allows the user or a healthcare professional to monitor the user's glucose levels in real time, providing valuable information for managing the user's health.

[0124] The use of a transcutaneous glucose sensor in this system provides several potential advantages. For instance, it allows for continuous, real-time monitoring of glucose levels, providing a more comprehensive picture of the user's glucose status than would be possible with intermittent blood glucose tests. It also allows for the data to be transmitted wirelessly to a remote reader, providing convenience and flexibility for the user. Furthermore, the sensor is designed to be small and comfortable to wear, minimizing any discomfort or inconvenience for the user.

[0125] The operation of both the transcutaneous sensor and the transmitter patches is powered by batteries. These batteries are integral to the functioning of the system, providing the energy that is used to collect, process, and transmit data. The design and configuration ofthese batteries have been carefully considered to ensure the efficient and reliable operation of the system.

[0126] The transcutaneous sensor is equipped with a first battery. This battery is designed to be small in size, in keeping with the overall compact design of the sensor. Despite its small size, the first battery is capable of providing sufficient power for the sensor to collect data continuously or at regular intervals, depending on the specific configuration of the sensor. The first battery is also designed to have a long lifespan, ensuring that the sensor can operate for an extended period of time without the battery needing to be replaced.

[0127] The transmitter patches, on the other hand, are equipped with a second battery. This battery is larger than the first battery of the sensor. The larger size of the second battery allows it to provide sufficient power for the patches to receive data from the sensor, process this data, and transmit it to a remote reader. The second battery is also designed to have a long lifespan, ensuring that the patches can operate for an extended period of time without the battery needing to be replaced.

[0128] The difference in size between the first and second batteries is a deliberate design feature of the system. The smaller size of the first battery allows the sensor to be compact and lightweight, ensuring that it does not cause any inconvenience or discomfort to the user when worn. The larger size of the second battery, on the other hand, allows the patches to perform their data processing and transmission functions effectively, ensuring reliable and efficient operation of the system.

[0129] In some cases, the first battery may have a smaller Ampere-hour (Ah) rating than the second battery. This means that the first battery has a smaller energy capacity than the second battery. Despite this difference in energy capacity, both batteries are designed to provide sufficient power for their respective components to operate effectively. The smaller Ah rating of the first battery is offset by the lower power requirements of the sensor, while the larger Ah rating of the second battery is necessitated by the higher power requirements of the patches.

[0130] In some instances, the first battery may be a printed battery. This type of battery is thin and flexible, making it ideal for use in the compact and lightweight design of the sensor. The printed battery is designed to provide sufficient power for the sensor to operate effectively, while also being durable and long-lasting.

[0131] The design and configuration of the batteries in the system contribute to its overall efficiency and reliability. The smaller first battery allows the sensor to be compact and lightweight, while the larger second battery ensures the effective operation of the patches. Thiscareful balance of power requirements and battery design ensures the continuous and reliable collection, processing, and transmission of data, providing a comprehensive and accurate picture of the user's health status over time.

[0132] The system employs two types of wireless connections to facilitate the transmission of data. The first type of wireless connection is used for the transmission of data from the sensor to the transmitter patches. This connection is established directly between the sensor and the patches, allowing for seamless and reliable data transmission. The sensor is equipped with a transceiver that is capable of transmitting data over this wireless connection, ensuring that all data collected by the sensor is accurately transmitted to the patches.

[0133] The second type of wireless connection is used for the transmission of data from the transmitter patches to a remote reader. This connection is established between the patches and the reader, allowing for the data received from the sensor to be transmitted to the reader. The patches are equipped with a transceiver that is capable of transmitting data over this wireless connection, ensuring that all data received from the sensor is accurately transmitted to the reader.

[0134] The use of two different types of wireless connections in the system provides several potential advantages. For instance, it allows for the separate optimization of the two connections, ensuring that each connection is tailored to the specific requirements of its data transmission process. This can result in improved data transmission efficiency and reliability, contributing to the overall performance of the system.

[0135] In some cases, the first type of wireless connection may be a Near Field Communication (NFC) connection. NFC is a short-range wireless connectivity technology that allows for the transmission of data over distances of up to a few centimeters. This makes it ideal for the transmission of data from the sensor to the patches, as these components are in close proximity to each other on the user's body.

[0136] In other cases, the second type of wireless connection may be a Bluetooth connection or a Wi-Fi connection. Both Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are well-established wireless connectivity technologies that allow for the transmission of data over longer distances. This makes them suitable for the transmission of data from the patches to the remote reader, as these components may be located some distance apart.

[0137] The specific types of wireless connections used in the system can be selected based on a variety of factors, including the specific requirements of the data transmission process, the available hardware and software resources, and the specific use case scenarios of the system.Regardless of the specific types of wireless connections used, the system is designed to ensure seamless and reliable data transmission, providing a comprehensive and accurate picture of the user's health status over time.

[0138] The sizes of the transcutaneous sensor and the transmitter patches have been carefully considered in the design of the system. The sensor is designed to be small and lightweight, ensuring that it does not cause any inconvenience or discomfort to the user when worn. Despite its small size, the sensor is capable of collecting a wealth of data from the user's body, providing a comprehensive picture of the user's health status over time.

[0139] The outer diameter of the sensor is smaller than the outer diameter of the transmitter patches. This difference in size is a deliberate design feature of the system. The smaller size of the sensor allows it to be comfortably worn on the user's body, while the larger size of the patches ensures that they can comfortably overlay the sensor. The patches are designed to be of a size that comfortably overlays the sensor, ensuring that they maintain a reliable connection with the sensor for data transmission.

[0140] The larger size of the patches also allows them to house the additional components that are involved in the processing and transmission of data, such as the transceiver and the second battery. These components require more space than the components of the sensor, necessitating a larger size for the patches. Despite their larger size, the patches are designed to be comfortable to wear, with a thin and flexible design that conforms to the contours of the user's body.

[0141] The difference in size between the sensor and the patches also affects the application of the patches. The patches are designed to be easily applied to the user's body, overlaying the sensor. The larger size of the patches ensures that they can comfortably overlay the sensor, providing a physical interface between the sensor and the outside environment. The patches are designed to adhere securely to the skin, ensuring that they remain in place during use and that they maintain a reliable connection with the sensor for data transmission.

[0142] In summary, the sizes of the sensor and the transmitter patches have been carefully considered in the design of the system. The smaller size of the sensor ensures that it is comfortable to wear and capable of collecting a wealth of data, while the larger size of the patches ensures that they can comfortably overlay the sensor and house the additional components involved in data processing and transmission.

[0143] The process of replacing the transmitter patch is designed to be simple and non- disruptive to the sensor. The patch is designed with an adhesive layer that allows it to securelyadhere to the skin during use, but also to be easily removed when it is time to replace the patch. This adhesive layer is formulated to release from the skin easily, without causing discomfort or irritation to the user.

[0144] I mportantly, the design of the patch and its adhesive layer is such that the removal of the patch does not disturb the sensor. The sensor remains securely adhered to the user's skin, continuing to collect data even as the patch is removed. This is facilitated by the separate adhesive layers of the sensor and the patch, which allow the patch to be removed without affecting the adhesion of the sensor to the skin.

[0145] The process of removing the patch typically involves the user gently peeling the patch away from the skin, starting from one edge and working towards the other. The patch is designed to peel away easily, without requiring excessive force that could potentially dislodge the sensor. Once the patch is removed, the sensor remains in place on the user's skin, ready for the application of a new transmitter patch.

[0146] The application of a new transmitter patch follows a similar process to the application of the first patch. The new patch is positioned over the sensor and gently pressed onto the skin. The adhesive layer of the new patch ensures a secure connection between the patch and the skin, while also ensuring that the patch overlays the sensor in the correct position. The new patch is designed to be easily applied by the user, with a simple adhesive mechanism that allows it to securely adhere to the skin.

[0147] Once applied, the new transmitter patch begins to interact with the sensor in a similar manner to the first patch. The new patch is equipped with a transceiver that is capable of receiving data from the sensor over a wireless protocol. This wireless protocol allows for seamless and reliable data transmission, without the use of wires or cables. The new patch is designed to maintain a reliable connection with the sensor at all times, ensuring that all data collected by the sensor is accurately transmitted to a remote reader.

[0148] I mportantly, the design of the new transmitter patch allows for the continuous collection and transmission of data, even as the first patch is removed and replaced. This ensures that there is no interruption in data collection or transmission, providing a continuous and comprehensive picture of the user's health status over time. The new patch is also designed to be easily removed and replaced, just like the first patch, allowing for regular replacement of the patch without disturbing the sensor.

[0149] In the design and operation of the system, there are several measurements that are of particular relevance. These include the size of the sensor and the patches, the capacity of thebatteries, and the range of the wireless connections. Each of these measurements can vary within a specific range, depending on the specific configuration of the system.

[0150] The size of the transcutaneous sensor, for instance, can vary within a specific range. In some cases, the sensor may have an outer diameter of between about 1 mm and 10 mm. Within this range, the outer diameter of the sensor can be between about 1 mm and 5 mm, between about 1 mm and 2.5 mm, or between about 1 mm and 1.5 mm. The specific size of the sensor can be selected based on a variety of factors, including the specific requirements of the data collection process, the available space on the user's body, and the comfort and convenience of the user.

[0151] The size of the transmitter patches can also vary within a specific range. In some cases, the patches may have an outer diameter of between about 10 mm and 100 mm. Within this range, the outer diameter of the patches can be between about 10 mm and 50 mm, between about 10 mm and 25 mm, or between about 10 mm and 15 mm. The specific size of the patches can be selected based on a variety of factors, including the size of the sensor, the available space on the user's body, and the comfort and convenience of the user.

[0152] The capacity of the batteries used in the sensor and the patches can also vary within a specific range. In some cases, the first battery of the sensor may have a capacity of between about 1 mAh and 10 mAh. Within this range, the capacity of the first battery can be between about 1 mAh and 5 mAh, between about 1 mAh and 2.5 mAh, or between about 1 mAh and 1.5 mAh. The second battery of the patches, on the other hand, may have a capacity of between about 10 mAh and 100 mAh. Within this range, the capacity of the second battery can be between about 10 mAh and 50 mAh, between about 10 mAh and 25 mAh, or between about 10 mAh and 15 mAh. The specific capacity of the batteries can be selected based on a variety of factors, including the power requirements of the sensor and the patches, the desired lifespan of the batteries, and the available space within the sensor and the patches.

[0153] The range of the wireless connections used for data transmission can also vary within a specific range. In some cases, the first type of wireless connection used for the transmission of data from the sensor to the patches may have a range of between about 1 cm and 10 cm. Within this range, the range of the first type of wireless connection can be between about 1 cm and 5 cm, between about 1 cm and 2.5 cm, or between about 1 cm and 1.5 cm. The second type of wireless connection used for the transmission of data from the patches to a remote reader, on the other hand, may have a range of between about 1 m and 10 m. Within this range, the range of the second type of wireless connection can be between about 1 m and 5 m, between about 1m and 2.5 m, or between about 1 m and 1.5 m. The specific range of the wireless connections can be selected based on a variety of factors, including the distance between the sensor and the patches, the distance between the patches and the remote reader, and the specific requirements of the data transmission process.

[0154] The system under consideration is designed with flexibility in mind, allowing for the use of different types of sensors and patches, different wireless protocols, and different battery types and capacities. This flexibility allows the system to be tailored to the specific requirements of the user, the specific use case scenarios, and the available hardware and software resources.

[0155] In some cases, the transcutaneous sensor may be configured to obtain data indicative of different types of analytes in the user's body. For instance, the sensor may be a glucose sensor, a lactate sensor, a ketone sensor, or a sensor for any other type of analyte that can be detected transcutaneously. The specific type of sensor can be selected based on the specific health monitoring requirements of the user. Regardless of the specific type of sensor used, the sensor is designed to collect data continuously or at regular intervals, providing a comprehensive picture of the user's health status over time.

[0156] The transmitter patches can also vary in their design and configuration. In some cases, the patches may be designed to overlay different types of sensors, to interact with different types of sensors in different ways, or to transmit data using different wireless protocols. The specific design and configuration of the patches can be selected based on the specific requirements of the data transmission process, the specific type of sensor used, and the specific use case scenarios of the system.

[0157] The wireless protocols used for data transmission can also vary. In some cases, the sensor may use a Near Field Communication (NFC) connection, a Bluetooth connection, a Wi-Fi connection, or any other type of wireless connection to transmit data to the patches. The patches, on the other hand, may use a different type of wireless connection to transmit data to a remote reader. The specific types of wireless connections used can be selected based on a variety of factors, including the distance between the sensor and the patches, the distance between the patches and the remote reader, and the specific requirements of the data transmission process.

[0158] The batteries used in the sensor and the patches can also vary in their type and capacity. In some cases, the sensor may use a printed battery, a coin cell battery, a rechargeable battery, or any other type of battery. The patches, on the other hand, may use a different type of battery, such as a lithium-ion battery, a nickel-metal hydride battery, arechargeable battery, or any other type of battery. The specific type and capacity of the batteries can be selected based on a variety of factors, including the power requirements of the sensor and the patches, the desired lifespan of the batteries, and the available space within the sensor and the patches.

[0159] In summary, the system is designed with flexibility in mind, allowing for the use of different types of sensors and patches, different wireless protocols, and different battery types and capacities. This flexibility allows the system to be tailored to the specific requirements of the user, the specific use case scenarios, and the available hardware and software resources.

[0160] The system offers several potential advantages that contribute to its effectiveness and user-friendliness. One such advantage is the improved data collection and transmission. The transcutaneous sensor is designed to collect data continuously or at regular intervals, providing a comprehensive picture of the user's health status over time. The sensor transmits this data to the transmitter patches over a wireless protocol, ensuring seamless and reliable data transmission. The patches, in turn, process this data and transmit it to a remote reader, allowing the user or a healthcare professional to monitor the user's health status in real time. This continuous and reliable data collection and transmission process provides a more accurate and comprehensive picture of the user's health status than would be possible with intermittent health checks.

[0161] Another advantage of the system is its ease of use. The sensor and the patches are designed to be easily applied and removed by the user. The sensor adheres securely to the skin, ensuring that it remains in place during use, while the patches are designed to overlay the sensor and adhere to the skin in a manner that is both secure and comfortable. The patches can be easily removed and replaced without disturbing the sensor, allowing for regular replacement of the patches while ensuring continuous data collection. This ease of use contributes to the user-friendliness of the system, making it suitable for use by individuals of all ages and levels of technical proficiency.

[0162] Finally, the system offers flexibility in replacing the transmitter patches. The patches are designed to be easily removed and replaced by the user, allowing for regular replacement of the patches without disturbing the sensor. This design feature ensures that the sensor can remain in place on the user's body for an extended period of time, while the patches can be replaced as often as is deemed appropriate by the user or a healthcare professional. This allows for continuous data collection and transmission, while also ensuringthe comfort and convenience of the user. This flexibility in replacing the transmitter patches contributes to the overall effectiveness and user-friendliness of the system, making it a practical and convenient solution for continuous health monitoring.

[0163] Example Computer / Computer systems

[0164] Attention will now be directed to Figure 16 which illustrates an example computer system 1600 that may include and / or be used to perform any of the operations described herein. For instance, computer system 1600 can implement any of the services described herein.

[0165] Computer system 1600 may take various different forms. For example, computer system 1600 may be embodied as a tablet, a desktop, a laptop, a mobile device, or a standalone device, such as those described throughout this disclosure. The disclosed sensor and transmitter units can also be considered computer systems in some instances. Computer system 1600 may also be a distributed system that includes one or more connected computing components / devices that are in communication with computer system 1600.

[0166] In its most basic configuration, computer system 1600 includes various different components. Figure 16 shows that computer system 1600 includes a processor system 1605 that includes one or more processors (aka a "hardware processing unit") and a storage system 1610.

[0167] Regarding the processor(s) of the processor system 1605, it will be appreciated that the functionality described herein can be performed, at least in part, by one or more hardware logic components. For example, and without limitation, illustrative types of hardware logic components / processors that can be used include Field-Programmable Gate Arrays ("FPGA"), Program-Specific or Application-Specific Integrated Circuits ("ASIC"), Program-Specific Standard Products ("ASSP"), System-On-A-Chip Systems ("SOC"), Complex Programmable Logic Devices ("CPLD"), Central Processing Units ("CPU"), Graphical Processing Units ("GPU"), or any othertype of programmable hardware.

[0168] As used herein, the terms "executable module," "executable component," "component," "module," "service," or "engine" can refer to hardware processing units or to software objects, routines, or methods that may be executed on computer system 1600. The different components, modules, engines, and services described herein may be implemented as objects or processors that execute on computer system 1600 (e.g. as separate threads).

[0169] Storage system 1610 may be physical system memory, which may be volatile, nonvolatile, or some combination of the two. The term "memory" may also be used herein to referto non-volatile mass storage such as physical storage media. If computer system 1600 is distributed, the processing, memory, and / or storage capability may be distributed as well.

[0170] Storage system 1610 is shown as including executable instructions 1615. The executable instructions 1615 represent instructions that are executable by the processor(s) of the processor system 1605 to perform the disclosed operations, such as those described in the various methods.

[0171] The disclosed embodiments may comprise or utilize a special-purpose or general- purpose computer including computer hardware, such as, for example, one or more processors and system memory, as discussed in greater detail below. Embodiments also include physical and other computer-readable media for carrying or storing computer-executable instructions and / or data structures. Such computer-readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer system. Computer-readable media that store computer-executable instructions in the form of data are "physical computer storage media" or a "hardware storage device." Furthermore, computer-readable storage media, which includes physical computer storage media and hardware storage devices, exclude signals, carrier waves, and propagating signals. On the other hand, computer-readable media that carry computer-executable instructions are "transmission media" and include signals, carrier waves, and propagating signals. Thus, by way of example and not limitation, the current embodiments can comprise at least two distinctly different kinds of computer-readable media: computer storage media and transmission media.

[0172] Computer storage media (aka "hardware storage device") are computer-readable hardware storage devices, such as RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM, solid state drives ("SSD") that are based on RAM, Flash memory, phase-change memory ("PCM"), or other types of memory, or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired program code means in the form of computerexecutable instructions, data, or data structures and that can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0173] Computer system 1600 may also be connected (via a wired or wireless connection) to external sensors (e.g., one or more remote cameras) or devices via a network 1420. For example, computer system 1600 can communicate with any number of devices or cloud services to obtain or process data. In some cases, network 1620 may itself be a cloud network. Furthermore, computer system 1600 may also be connected through one or more wired orwireless networks to remote / separate computer systems(s) that are configured to perform any of the processes described with regard to computer system 1600.

[0174] A "network," like network 1620, is defined as one or more data links and / or data switches that enable the transport of electronic data between computer systems, modules, and / or other electronic devices. When information is transferred, or provided, over a network (either hardwired, wireless, or a combination of hardwired and wireless) to a computer, the computer properly views the connection as a transmission medium. Computer system 1600 will include one or more communication channels that are used to communicate with the network 1620. Transmissions media include a network that can be used to carry data or desired program code means in the form of computer-executable instructions or in the form of data structures. Further, these computer-executable instructions can be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0175] Upon reaching various computer system components, program code means in the form of computer-executable instructions or data structures can be transferred automatically from transmission media to computer storage media (or vice versa). For example, computerexecutable instructions or data structures received over a network or data link can be buffered in RAM within a network interface module (e.g., a network interface card or "NIC") and then eventually transferred to computer system RAM and / or to less volatile computer storage media at a computer system. Thus, it should be understood that computer storage media can be included in computer system components that also (or even primarily) utilize transmission media.

[0176] Computer-executable (or computer-interpretable) instructions comprise, for example, instructions that cause a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, or special-purpose processing device to perform a certain function or group of functions. The computer-executable instructions may be, for example, binaries, intermediate format instructions such as assembly language, or even source code. Although the subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the described features or acts described above. Rather, the described features and acts are disclosed as example forms of implementing the claims.

[0177] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments may be practiced in network computing environments with many types of computer system configurations,including personal computers, desktop computers, laptop computers, message processors, hand-held devices, multi-processor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, mobile telephones, PDAs, pagers, routers, switches, and the like. The embodiments may also be practiced in distributed system environments where local and remote computer systems that are linked (either by hardwired data links, wireless data links, or by a combination of hardwired and wireless data links) through a network each perform tasks (e.g. cloud computing, cloud services and the like). In a distributed system environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.

[0178] The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its characteristics. The described embodiments are to be considered in all respects only as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is, therefore, indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are to be embraced within their scope.

[0179] The present invention can also be described in accordance with the following numbered clauses.

[0180] Clause 1. A glucose monitoring system comprising: (1) an on-body sensor that includes: a transcutaneous glucose sensor for obtaining sensor data indicative of a glucose level of a user wearing the on-body sensor and a first transceiver connected to the transcutaneous glucose sensor for transmitting the sensor data to a second transceiver within a predetermined distance from the first transceiver and a first battery for powering the transcutaneous glucose sensor and the first transceiver; and (2) an on-body transmitter puck that is sized to overlay the on-body sensor during use, the on-body transmitter including an adhesive portion having an adhesive surface, the inner diameter of the adhesive portion being largerthan an outer diameter of the on-body sensor, the on-body transmitter puck including the second transceiver for communicating with the first transceiver, the on-body transmitter further including a processor for processing sensor data and for generating data packets that are transmitted wirelessly to a reader, and a second battery for powering the second transceiver and processor.

[0181] Clause 2. The glucose monitoring system of clause 1, the second battery being larger in size than a size of the first battery.

[0182] Clause 3. The glucose monitoring system of clause 1, the second battery having a higher ampere-hour (Ah) rating than an Ah rating of the first battery.

[0183] Clause 4. The glucose monitoring system of clause 1, the second battery having a greater capacity than a capacity of the first battery.

[0184] Clause 5. The glucose monitoring system of clause 1, the first battery being a printed battery.

[0185] Clause 6. The glucose monitoring system of clause 1, the on-body transmitter puck further including a third transceiver for transmitting the data packets to the reader.

[0186] Clause 7. The glucose monitoring system of clause 6, the third transceiver using a different communication protocol than used by the first transceiver for transmitting the sensor data.

[0187] Clause 8. The glucose monitoring system of clause 7 , the third transceiver using a Bluetooth communication protocol.

[0188] Clause 9. The glucose monitoring system of clause 7 , the first transceiver using a nearfield communication (NFC) protocol.

[0189] Clause 10. The glucose monitoring system of clause 1, the adhesive portion comprising an annular ring.

[0190] Clause 11. The glucose monitoring system of clause 1, the adhesive portion comprising a first portion having a first type of adhesive and a second portion comprising a second adhesive.

[0191] Clause 12. The glucose monitoring system of clause 11, the first type of adhesive having a greater peal or adhesive strength than the second type of adhesive.

[0192] Clause 13. The glucose monitoring system of clause 1, the on-body glucose sensor further including skin skin-facing surface that is disposed against the skin of the user during normal use, the skin-facing surface being adhesive-free.

[0193] Clause 14. The glucose monitoring system of clause 1, the on-body glucose sensor further including skin-facing surface that is disposed against the skin of the user during normal use, the skin-facing surface comprising an adhesive surface.

[0194] Clause 15. The glucose monitoring system of clause 14, the adhesive surface of the on-body glucose sensor comprising an adhesive that has a smaller peal or adhesive strength than an adhesive of the adhesive surface of the on-body transmitter.

[0195] Clause 16. The glucose monitoring system of clause 14, the adhesive surface of the on-body glucose sensor comprising an adhesive that has a greater peal or adhesive strength than an adhesive of the adhesive surface of the on-body transmitter.

[0196] Clause 17. The glucose monitoring system of clause 1, the on-body transmitter puck further including a haptic feedback component.

[0197] Clause 18. The glucose monitoring system of clause 1, the on-body transmitter puck further including a speaker.

[0198] Clause 19. A system comprising: a transcutaneous sensor configured to obtain sensor data; a first transceiver connected to the transcutaneous sensor and configured to transmit the sensor data to a second transceiver within a predetermined distance from the first transceiver; a printable battery configured to power the transcutaneous sensor and the first transceiver; and a transmitter patch sized to overlay the transcutaneous sensor during use, the transmitter patch including a flexible patch having an annular adhesive ring with an adhesive surface, the inner diameter of the annular adhesive ring being larger than the outer diameter of the transcutaneous sensor.

[0199] Clause 20. The system of clause 19, wherein the transmitter patch further includes a second transceiver configured to communicate with the first transceiver.

[0200] Clause 21. The system of clause 20, wherein the transmitter patch further includes a processor configured to process the sensor data and generate data packets that are transmitted wirelessly from a third transceiver to a reader.

[0201] Clause 22. The system of clause 21, wherein the transmitter patch further includes a battery larger than the printable battery, the battery configured to power the second transceiver, the processor, and the third transceiver.

[0202] Clause 23. The system of clause 19, wherein the transmitter patch further includes a haptic feedback component.

[0203] Clause 24. The system of clause 19, wherein the transmitter patch further includes a speaker.

[0204] Clause 25. The system of clause 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be removed and recharged without disturbing the transcutaneous sensor.

[0205] Clause 26. The system of clause 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be replaced with a second transmitter patch while the transcutaneous sensor remains adhered to the skin.

[0206] Clause 27. The system of clause 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to provide a notification when a disconnection occurs between the transmitter patch and the transcutaneous sensor.

[0207] Clause 28. The system of clause 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be positioned at different locations relative to the transcutaneous sensor during different uses.

[0208] Clause 29. The system of clause 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to hold the transcutaneous sensor in place during use.

[0209] Clause 30. The system of clause 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be adhered to the skin using an adhesive that can be replaced.

[0210] Clause 31. The system of clause 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be adhered to the skin using an adhesive that can be replaced without disturbing the transcutaneous sensor.

[0211] Clause 32. The system of clause 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be adhered to the skin using an adhesive that can be replaced without disturbing the transcutaneous sensor, and wherein the transmitter patch is further configured to be removed and recharged without disturbing the transcutaneous sensor and to be replaced with a second transmitter patch while the transcutaneous sensor remains adhered to the skin.

[0212] Clause 33. A method for managing application of a system that includes (i) a transcutaneous sensor configured to obtain sensor data from a human body and (ii) a transmitter patch sized to overlay the transcutaneous sensor during use, the method comprising: applying the transcutaneous sensor to a user's body; applying a first transmitter patch to the user's body overlaying the transcutaneous sensor; removing the first transmitter patch to the user's body without removing the transcutaneous sensor from the user's body; and applying a second transmitter patch to the user's body overlaying the transcutaneous sensor on the user's body.

[0213] Clause 34. The method of clause 33, the applying of the second transmitter patch occurring prior to removal of the transcutaneous sensor from the user's body.

[0214] Clause 35. The method of clause 33, the applying of the second transmitter patch comprising applying a portion of the second transmitter patch to a different portion of the user's body than was used for the application of the first transmitter patch.

[0215] Clause 36. The method of clause 33, wherein the first transmitter patch is removed after the first transmitter obtains first sensor data from the transcutaneous sensor over a wireless protocol.

[0216] Clause 37. The method of clause 36, wherein the second transmitter patch obtains second sensor data from the transcutaneous sensor over the wireless protocol.

[0217] Clause 38. The method of clause 33, wherein the transcutaneous sensor comprises a transcutaneous glucose sensor for obtaining sensor data indicative of a glucose level of a userwearing the on-body sensor and a first transceiver connected to the transcutaneous glucose sensor for transmitting the sensor data to a second transceiver in either the first or second transmitter patch when the first or second transmitter patch are positioned overlaying the transcutaneous sensor.

[0218] Clause 39. The method of clause 33, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery that is smaller than a battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

[0219] Clause 40. The method of clause 33, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller Ah rating than a second battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

[0220] Clause 41. The method of clause 33, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller capacity than a second battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

[0221] Clause 42. The method of clause 33, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a printed battery for powering the electrical components of the transcutaneous sensor.

[0222] Clause 43. The method of clause 33, wherein the removing the transmitter patch occurs only after the transcutaneous sensor transmits sensor data indicative of a glucose level of the user's body to the first transmitter patch and the first transmitter patch transmits the sensor data to a remote reader.

[0223] Clause 44. The method of clause 43, wherein the transcutaneous sensor transmits sensor data using a first type of wireless connection and the first transmitter patch transmits the sensor data using a second type of wireless connection.

[0224] Clause 45. The method of clause 44, wherein the first type of wireless connection comprises a NFC connection and the second type of wireless connection comprises a Bluetooth connection.

[0225] Clause 46. The method of clause 33, wherein the transcutaneous sensor has a smaller outer diameter than an outer diameter of the first transmitter patch.

[0226] Clause 47. A method for using a system that includes (i) a sensor configured to obtain sensor data indicative of an analyte level of a user's body and (ii) a transmitter patch sized to overlay the sensor during use, the method comprising: cause the transmitter patch to obtain the sensor data from sensor over a first wireless connection, the sensor being positioned against the user's body and at least partially interposed between the transmitter patch and the user's body; cause the sensor data to be transmitted from the transmitter patch to a remote reader over a second wireless connection; and replacing the transmitter patch by removing the transmitter patch without removing the sensor and by positioning a new transmitter patch at least partiallyoverlaying the sensor, wherein the new transmitter patch obtains new sensor data from the sensor and transmits the new sensor data to the remote reader.

[0227] Clause 48. The method of clause 47, wherein the transmitter patch is removed after the transmitter patch obtains first sensor data from the sensor using a wireless protocol.

[0228] Clause 49. The method of clause 48, wherein the new transmitter patch obtains second sensor data from the sensor using the wireless protocol.

[0229] Clause 50. The method of clause 47, wherein the sensor comprises a transcutaneous glucose sensor for obtaining sensor data indicative of a glucose level of a user wearing the on- body sensor and a transceiver connected to the transcutaneous glucose sensor for transmitting the sensor data to a second transceiver in the transmitter patch when the transmitter patch is positioned overlaying the sensor.

[0230] Clause 51. The method of clause 47, the sensor comprising a first battery that is smaller than a battery of the transmitter patch.

[0231] Clause 52. The method of clause 47, the sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller Ah rating than a second battery of the transmitter patch.

[0232] Clause 53. The method of clause 47, the sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller capacity than a second battery of the transmitter patch.

[0233] Clause 54. The method of clause 47, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a printed battery for powering the electrical components of the transcutaneous sensor.

[0234] Clause 55. The method of clause 47, wherein removing the transmitter patch occurs only after the sensor transmits sensor data indicative of a glucose level of the user's body to the transmitter patch and the transmitter patch transmits the sensor data to a remote reader.

[0235] Clause 56. The method of clause 55, wherein the sensor transmits sensor data using a first type of wireless connection and the first transmitter patch transmits the sensor data using a second type of wireless connection.

[0236] Clause 57. The method of clause 56, wherein the first type of wireless connection comprises a NFC connection and the second type of wireless connection comprises a Bluetooth connection.

[0237] Clause 58. The method of clause 33, wherein the transcutaneous sensor has a smaller outer diameter than an outer diameter of the first transmitter patch.

[0238] Clause 59. A method for managing the wireless transmission of data, the method being implemented in a system that includes (i) a sensor configured to obtain sensor data indicative of an analyte level of a user's body, (ii) a first transmitter patch configured in size andshape to overlay the sensor during a first time period of use, (iii) a second transmitter patch configured in size and shape to overlay the sensor during a second time period of use, the method comprising: causing first data indicative of a level of an analyte level of a user's body at a first time period that is obtained from the sensor to be transmitted over a first type wireless connection to the first transmitter patch when the sensor is positioned against the user's body and at least partially interposed between the transmitter patch and user's body; causing the first data to be transmitted to a reader over a second type of wireless connection; causing second data indicative of an analyte level of the user's body at a second time period that is obtained from the sensor to be transmitted over the first type of wireless connection to a second transmitter patch when the sensor is positioned against the user's body and at least partially interposed between the second transmitter patch and user's body; and causing the second data to be transmitted from the second transmitter patch to the remote reader or a different remote reader over the second type of wireless connection.

[0239] Clause 60. The method of clause 59, wherein the second type wireless connection is an NFC connection.

[0240] Clause 61. The method of clause 59, wherein the first type of wireless connection is a Bluetooth connection.

[0241] Clause 62. The method of clause 59, wherein the first type of wireless connection is a Wi-Fi connection.

[0242] Clause 63. The method of clause 59, wherein the analyte level comprises a glucose level.

[0243] Clause 64. The method of clause 59, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery that is smaller than a battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

[0244] Clause 65. The method of clause 59, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller Ah rating than a second battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

[0245] Clause 66. The method of clause 59, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller capacity than a second battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

[0246] Clause 67. The method of clause 59, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a printed battery for powering the electrical components of the transcutaneous sensor.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A glucose monitoring system comprising:(1) an on-body sensor that includes: a transcutaneous glucose sensor for obtaining sensor data indicative of a glucose level of a user wearing the on-body sensor and a first transceiver connected to the transcutaneous glucose sensor for transmitting the sensor data to a second transceiver within a predetermined distance from the first transceiver and a first battery for powering the transcutaneous glucose sensor and the first transceiver; and(2) an on-body transmitter puck that is sized to overlay the on-body sensor during use, the on-body transmitter including an adhesive portion having an adhesive surface, the inner diameter of the adhesive portion being larger than an outer diameter of the on-body sensor, the on-body transmitter puck including the second transceiver for communicating with the first transceiver, the on-body transmitter further including a processor for processing sensor data and for generating data packets that are transmitted wirelessly to a reader, and a second battery for powering the second transceiver and processor.

2. The glucose monitoring system of claim 1, the second battery being larger in size than a size of the first battery.

3. The glucose monitoring system of claim 1, the second battery having a higher ampere- hour (Ah) rating than an Ah rating of the first battery.

4. The glucose monitoring system of claim 1, the second battery having a greater capacity than a capacity of the first battery.

5. The glucose monitoring system of claim 1, the first battery being a printed battery.

6. The glucose monitoring system of claim 1, the on-body transmitter puck further including a third transceiver for transmitting the data packets to the reader.

7. The glucose monitoring system of claim 6, the third transceiver using a different communication protocol than used by the first transceiver for transmitting the sensor data.

8. The glucose monitoring system of claim 7 , the third transceiver using a Bluetooth communication protocol.

9. The glucose monitoring system of claim 7 , the first transceiver using a near-field communication (NFC) protocol.

10. The glucose monitoring system of claim 1, the adhesive portion comprising an annular ring.

11. The glucose monitoring system of claim 1, the adhesive portion comprising a first portion having a first type of adhesive and a second portion comprising a second adhesive.

12. The glucose monitoring system of claim 11, the first type of adhesive having a greater peal or adhesive strength than the second type of adhesive.

13. The glucose monitoring system of claim 1, the on-body glucose sensor further including skin skin-facing surface that is disposed against the skin of the user during normal use, the skinfacing surface being adhesive-free.

14. The glucose monitoring system of claim 1, the on-body glucose sensor further including skin-facing surface that is disposed against the skin of the user during normal use, the skinfacing surface comprising an adhesive surface.

15. The glucose monitoring system of claim 14, the adhesive surface of the on-body glucose sensor comprising an adhesive that has a smaller peal or adhesive strength than an adhesive of the adhesive surface of the on-body transmitter.

16. The glucose monitoring system of claim 14, the adhesive surface of the on-body glucose sensor comprising an adhesive that has a greater peal or adhesive strength than an adhesive of the adhesive surface of the on-body transmitter.

17. The glucose monitoring system of claim 1, the on-body transmitter puck further including a haptic feedback component.

18. The glucose monitoring system of claim 1, the on-body transmitter puck further including a speaker.

19. A system comprising: a transcutaneous sensor configured to obtain sensor data; a first transceiver connected to the transcutaneous sensor and configured to transmit the sensor data to a second transceiver within a predetermined distance from the first transceiver; a printable battery configured to power the transcutaneous sensor and the first transceiver; and a transmitter patch sized to overlay the transcutaneous sensor during use, the transmitter patch including a flexible patch having an annular adhesive ring with an adhesive surface, the inner diameter of the annular adhesive ring being larger than the outer diameter of the transcutaneous sensor.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the transmitter patch further includes a second transceiver configured to communicate with the first transceiver.

21. The system of claim 20, wherein the transmitter patch further includes a processor configured to process the sensor data and generate data packets that are transmitted wirelessly from a third transceiver to a reader.

22. The system of claim 21, wherein the transmitter patch further includes a battery larger than the printable battery, the battery configured to power the second transceiver, the processor, and the third transceiver.

23. The system of claim 19, wherein the transmitter patch further includes a haptic feedback component.

24. The system of claim 19, wherein the transmitter patch further includes a speaker.

25. The system of claim 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be removed and recharged without disturbing the transcutaneous sensor.

26. The system of claim 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be replaced with a second transmitter patch while the transcutaneous sensor remains adhered to the skin.

27. The system of claim 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to provide a notification when a disconnection occurs between the transmitter patch and the transcutaneous sensor.

28. The system of claim 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be positioned at different locations relative to the transcutaneous sensor during different uses.

29. The system of claim 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to hold the transcutaneous sensor in place during use.

30. The system of claim 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be adhered to the skin using an adhesive that can be replaced.

31. The system of claim 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be adhered to the skin using an adhesive that can be replaced without disturbing the transcutaneous sensor.

32. The system of claim 19, wherein the transmitter patch is configured to be adhered to the skin using an adhesive that can be replaced without disturbing the transcutaneous sensor, and wherein the transmitter patch is further configured to be removed and recharged without disturbing the transcutaneous sensor and to be replaced with a second transmitter patch while the transcutaneous sensor remains adhered to the skin.

33. A method for managing application of a system that includes (i) a transcutaneous sensor configured to obtain sensor data from a human body and (ii) a transmitter patch sized to overlay the transcutaneous sensor during use, the method comprising: applying the transcutaneous sensor to a user's body;applying a first transmitter patch to the user's body overlaying the transcutaneous sensor; removing the first transmitter patch to the user's body without removing the transcutaneous sensor from the user's body; and applying a second transmitter patch to the user's body overlaying the transcutaneous sensor on the user's body.

34. The method of claim 33, the applying of the second transmitter patch occurring prior to removal of the transcutaneous sensor from the user's body.

35. The method of claim 33, the applying of the second transmitter patch comprising applying a portion of the second transmitter patch to a different portion of the user's body than was used for the application of the first transmitter patch.

36. The method of claim 33, wherein the first transmitter patch is removed after the first transmitter obtains first sensor data from the transcutaneous sensor over a wireless protocol.

37. The method of claim 36, wherein the second transmitter patch obtains second sensor data from the transcutaneous sensor over the wireless protocol.

38. The method of claim 33, wherein the transcutaneous sensor comprises a transcutaneous glucose sensor for obtaining sensor data indicative of a glucose level of a user wearing the on-body sensor and a first transceiver connected to the transcutaneous glucose sensor for transmitting the sensor data to a second transceiver in either the first or second transmitter patch when the first or second transmitter patch are positioned overlaying the transcutaneous sensor.

39. The method of claim 33, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery that is smaller than a battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

40. The method of claim 33, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller Ah rating than a second battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

41. The method of claim 33, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller capacity than a second battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

42. The method of claim 33, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a printed battery for powering the electrical components of the transcutaneous sensor.

43. The method of claim 33, wherein the removing the transmitter patch occurs only after the transcutaneous sensor transmits sensor data indicative of a glucose level of the user's body to the first transmitter patch and the first transmitter patch transmits the sensor data to a remote reader.

44. The method of claim 43, wherein the transcutaneous sensor transmits sensor data using a first type of wireless connection and the first transmitter patch transmits the sensor data using a second type of wireless connection.

45. The method of claim 44, wherein the first type of wireless connection comprises a NFC connection and the second type of wireless connection comprises a Bluetooth connection.

46. The method of claim 33, wherein the transcutaneous sensor has a smaller outer diameter than an outer diameter of the first transmitter patch.

47. A method for using a system that includes (i) a sensor configured to obtain sensor data indicative of an analyte level of a user's body and (ii) a transmitter patch sized to overlay the sensor during use, the method comprising: cause the transmitter patch to obtain the sensor data from sensor over a first wireless connection, the sensor being positioned against the user's body and at least partially interposed between the transmitter patch and the user's body; cause the sensor data to be transmitted from the transmitter patch to a remote reader over a second wireless connection; and replacing the transmitter patch by removing the transmitter patch without removing the sensor and by positioning a new transmitter patch at least partially overlaying the sensor, wherein the new transmitter patch obtains new sensor data from the sensor and transmits the new sensor data to the remote reader.

48. The method of claim 47, wherein the transmitter patch is removed after the transmitter patch obtains first sensor data from the sensor using a wireless protocol.

49. The method of claim 48, wherein the new transmitter patch obtains second sensor data from the sensor using the wireless protocol.

50. The method of claim 47, wherein the sensor comprises a transcutaneous glucose sensor for obtaining sensor data indicative of a glucose level of a user wearing the on-body sensor and a transceiver connected to the transcutaneous glucose sensor for transmitting the sensor data to a second transceiver in the transmitter patch when the transmitter patch is positioned overlaying the sensor.

51. The method of claim 47, the sensor comprising a first battery that is smaller than a battery of the transmitter patch.

52. The method of claim 47, the sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller Ah rating than a second battery of the transmitter patch.

53. The method of claim 47, the sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller capacity than a second battery of the transmitter patch.

54. The method of claim 47, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a printed battery for powering the electrical components of the transcutaneous sensor.

55. The method of claim 47, wherein removing the transmitter patch occurs only after the sensor transmits sensor data indicative of a glucose level of the user's body to the transmitter patch and the transmitter patch transmits the sensor data to a remote reader.

56. The method of claim 55, wherein the sensor transmits sensor data using a first type of wireless connection and the first transmitter patch transmits the sensor data using a second type of wireless connection.

57. The method of claim 56, wherein the first type of wireless connection comprises a NFC connection and the second type of wireless connection comprises a Bluetooth connection.

58. The method of claim 33, wherein the transcutaneous sensor has a smaller outer diameter than an outer diameter of the first transmitter patch.

59. A method for managing the wireless transmission of data, the method being implemented in a system that includes (i) a sensor configured to obtain sensor data indicative of an analyte level of a user's body, (ii) a first transmitter patch configured in size and shape to overlay the sensor during a first time period of use, (iii) a second transmitter patch configured in size and shape to overlay the sensor during a second time period of use, the method comprising: causing first data indicative of a level of an analyte level of a user's body at a first time period that is obtained from the sensor to be transmitted over a first type wireless connection to the first transmitter patch when the sensor is positioned against the user's body and at least partially interposed between the transmitter patch and user's body; causing the first data to be transmitted to a reader over a second type of wireless connection; causing second data indicative of an analyte level of the user's body at a second time period that is obtained from the sensor to be transmitted over the first type of wireless connection to a second transmitter patch when the sensor is positioned against the user's body and at least partially interposed between the second transmitter patch and user's body; and causing the second data to be transmitted from the second transmitter patch to the remote reader or a different remote reader over the second type of wireless connection.

60. The method of claim 59, wherein the second type wireless connection is an NFC connection.

61. The method of claim 59, wherein the first type of wireless connection is a Bluetooth connection.

62. The method of claim 59, wherein the first type of wireless connection is a Wi-Fi connection.

63. The method of claim 59, wherein the analyte level comprises a glucose level.

64. The method of claim 59, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery that is smaller than a battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

65. The method of claim 59, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller Ah rating than a second battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

66. The method of claim 59, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a first battery with a smaller capacity than a second battery of the first or second transmitter patch.

67. The method of claim 59, the transcutaneous sensor comprising a printed battery for powering the electrical components of the transcutaneous sensor.

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