Combined reagent and preparation method therefor, and method for discharging segmented settlement and sedimentation from tin-polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond

Abstract

A combined reagent and a preparation method therefor, and a method for discharging segmented settlement and sedimentation from a tin-polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond, which belong to the field of metal mine tailing pond safety and environmental protection management. The combined reagent comprises the following raw materials: potassium succinate, polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride, rice straw powder and polyaspartic acid. The combined reagent is added into tailing wastewater, the pH value of the tailing wastewater after the combined reagent is added is controlled, and after treatment, the water quality of the tailing wastewater in a wastewater settling area becomes clear.

Description

A combined agent and its preparation method and a method for discharging staged sedimentation from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the Patent Office of China on November 23, 2023, with application number 202311581747.6 and invention name “A method for discharging segmented sedimentation and heap sedimentation from a tin-polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of safety and environmental management of metal mine tailings ponds, and in particular to a combined reagent and a preparation method thereof, and a method for discharging staged sedimentation and heaping of a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond. Background Art

[0003] Tailings ponds are used to store tailings after sorting at the concentrator. The main methods for tailings discharge are wet and dry discharge. The traditional upstream wet discharge method involves discharging the concentrator tailings and wastewater in front of the dam. The tailings settle naturally, and the wastewater settles and clarifies naturally before being returned to the concentrator for use or treated by a wastewater treatment system to meet standards before discharge. Due to design requirements for dam heightening, the wastewater settling area gradually decreases during later operations, resulting in insufficient sedimentation time for fine-grained mineral particles and heavy metal ions, which in turn affects the concentrator's return water utilization and wastewater treatment effectiveness. As the wastewater settling area in tailings ponds decreases, wastewater treatment becomes increasingly difficult and expensive.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The invention provides a combined medicament comprising the following raw materials: potassium succinate, polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride, rice straw powder and sodium polyaspartate.

[0006] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the combined agent described in the above technical solution, comprising: adding polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride and sodium polyaspartate to rice straw powder, and then stirring for 1 to 2 hours at a microwave power of 200 to 300 W, a temperature of 45 to 56° C., and a rotation speed of 200 to 350 r / min to prepare the combined agent.

[0007] The present invention also provides a method for discharging staged sedimentation from a tailings pond of a tin-polymetallic ore beneficiation plant, comprising the following steps: (1) transporting tailings from a beneficiation plant to a tailings pond, and discharging ore at both ends in turn according to the actual situation of the on-site beach rise and sedimentation; (2) providing a diversion dam at a certain distance from the discharge point, so that the tailings are buffered by the multiple diversion dams, effectively extending the sedimentation time of fine-grained ore particles; and (3) adding the combined reagent described in the above technical solution to the tailings wastewater, controlling the pH value of the tailings wastewater after the addition of the combined reagent, and after treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater sedimentation area, thereby realizing subsequent backwater utilization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a method for discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation from a tin and polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond in one or more embodiments;

[0009] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the method of discharging, settling and heaping of the tailings pond of the traditional tin-polymetallic ore beneficiation without modification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] The invention provides a combined medicament comprising the following raw materials: potassium succinate, polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride, rice straw powder and sodium polyaspartate.

[0011] As an embodiment of the present invention, the combination agent includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7-10 parts of potassium succinate, 3-8 parts of polyacrylamide, 85-104 parts of polyaluminum chloride, 5-9 parts of rice straw powder, and 4-7 parts of sodium polyaspartate.

[0012] As an embodiment of the present invention, the combination drug provided by the present invention includes 7 to 10 parts of potassium succinate in parts by weight, and the potassium succinate can be 8 parts, 9 parts or 10 parts.

[0013] As an embodiment of the present invention, based on 7 to 10 parts by weight of potassium succinate, the combined pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention includes 3 to 8 parts of polyacrylamide, and the polyacrylamide can be 3 to 7 parts.

[0014] As an embodiment of the present invention, based on 7 to 10 parts by weight of potassium succinate, the combination agent provided by the present invention includes 85 to 104 parts of polyaluminum chloride, and the polyaluminum chloride can be 87 parts, 95 parts, 98 parts or 103 parts.

[0015] As an embodiment of the present invention, based on 7 to 10 parts by weight of potassium succinate, the combination agent provided by the present invention includes 5 to 9 parts of rice straw powder, and the rice straw powder can be 5 parts, 8 parts or 9 parts.

[0016] In the present invention, the preparation method of the rice straw powder comprises the following steps: 1) removing moisture from rice straw, crushing the rice straw, and sieving to obtain rice straw crushed material; 2) adding the rice straw crushed material obtained in step 1) to a NaOH solution, controlling the pH value to be 8-9.2, and then stirring for 1.5-2 hours at a temperature of 60-70°C, a microwave power of 150-200W, and a rotation speed of 200-300r / min to obtain a rice straw solution; 3) centrifuging and filtering the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), and then drying and grinding the solution to obtain rice straw powder.

[0017] The method removes moisture from rice straw, crushes the rice straw, and sieves the rice straw to obtain rice straw crushed material.

[0018] As an embodiment of the present invention, the screening is through a 200-300 mesh sieve.

[0019] After the rice straw crushed material is prepared, the method adds the rice straw crushed material into a NaOH solution, controls the pH value to be 8-9.2, and then stirs the solution for 1.5-2 hours at a temperature of 60-70° C., a microwave power of 150-200 W, and a rotation speed of 200-300 r / min to prepare a rice straw solution.

[0020] As an embodiment of the present invention, the mass concentration of the NaOH solution can be 22.3%, 25.6%, 26.1% or 27.8%.As an embodiment of the present invention, the pH value can be 8.1, 8.3, 8.7 or 9.1.

[0021] As an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature is 62-70°C, and can be 62°C, 64°C, 65°C or 70°C.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present invention, the microwave power is 150-200W, and can be 160W, 170W, 180W or 200W.

[0023] As an embodiment of the present invention, the rotation speed is 200-300 r / min, and can be 200 r / min, 240 r / min, 260 r / min or 300 r / min.

[0024] As an embodiment of the present invention, the stirring time is 1.5 to 2 hours, and can be 1.5 hours, 1.7 hours or 1.9 hours.

[0025] After the rice straw solution is prepared, the method centrifuges and filters the rice straw solution, and then grinds and pulverizes the solution after drying to prepare rice straw powder.

[0026] In the present invention, the mesh size of the rice straw powder is greater than 400 meshes.

[0027] As an embodiment of the present invention, based on 7 to 10 parts by weight of potassium succinate, the combined pharmaceutical composition provided by the present invention includes 4 to 7 parts of sodium polyaspartate.

[0028] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the combined agent described in the above technical solution, comprising: adding rice straw powder to polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, and sodium polyaspartate, and then stirring for 1 to 2 hours at a microwave power of 200 to 300 W, a temperature of 45 to 56° C., and a rotation speed of 200 to 350 r / min to prepare the combined agent. By adopting these conditions, the present invention can form a fully uniformly distributed mixed solution of the combined agent.

[0029] As an embodiment of the present invention, the microwave power is 200-300W.

[0030] As an embodiment of the present invention, the temperature is 45-56°C.

[0031] As an embodiment of the present invention, the rotation speed is 200-350 r / min.

[0032] As an embodiment of the present invention, the stirring time is 1 to 2 hours.

[0033] The present invention also provides a method for discharging staged sedimentation from a tailings pond of a tin-polymetallic ore beneficiation plant, comprising the following steps: (1) conveying tailings from a beneficiation plant to a tailings pond, and discharging ore at both ends in turn according to the actual situation of the on-site beach rise and sedimentation; (2) providing a diversion dam at a certain distance from the discharge point, so that the tailings are buffered by the multiple diversion dams, thereby effectively extending the sedimentation time of fine-grained ore particles; and (3) adding a combined agent to the tailings wastewater, controlling the pH value of the tailings wastewater after the addition of the combined agent, and after treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater sedimentation area, thereby realizing subsequent backwater utilization.

[0034] The tailings of the ore dressing plant of the present invention are transported to the tailings pond, and the ore is discharged in turn at both ends according to the actual situation of the on-site beach rise and settlement.

[0035] The present invention has no special limitation on the method of transporting the tailings from the ore dressing plant to the tailings pond. Conventional transport methods can be used to transport the tailings from the ore dressing plant to the tailings pond.

[0036] The present invention has no special limitation on the method of drawing ore at both ends, and the conventional method of drawing ore at both ends in turn according to the actual situation of beach rise and settlement on site can be adopted.

[0037] After ore is discharged alternately at both ends according to the actual situation of beach rise and settlement, the present invention sets a diversion dam at a certain distance from the ore discharge point. The tailings are buffered by multiple diversion dams, which effectively prolongs the sedimentation time of fine-grained ore particles.

[0038] As an embodiment of the present invention, 1 to 3 diversion dams are provided at a certain distance from the ore drawing point. As an embodiment of the present invention, there are two diversion dams, which are respectively provided at 70 to 80 meters and 95 to 106 meters from the ore drawing point.

[0039] As an embodiment of the present invention, the diversion dam is 100-200 mm higher than the beach surface. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diversion dam 70-80 m from the ore drawing point can be 110 mm, 145 mm, 146 mm, or 150 mm higher than the beach surface. In an embodiment of the present invention, the diversion dam 95-106 m from the ore drawing point can be 142 mm, 180 mm, 185 mm, or 191 mm higher than the beach surface.

[0040] The present invention adds a combined agent to tailings wastewater, controls the pH value of the tailings wastewater after the combined agent is added, and after treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling area, thereby realizing subsequent backwater utilization.

[0041] As an embodiment of the present invention, the combination drug is the combination drug described in the above technical solution or the combination drug prepared by the preparation method described in the technical solution.

[0042] As an embodiment of the present invention, the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combined reagent is controlled to be 7.2-7.9, and can be 7.3, 7.6, 7.4 or 7.8.

[0043] As shown in FIG1 , in one or more embodiments of the present invention, in the method for discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation from the tin-polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond, ore is discharged at both ends of the tailings pond, and a diversion dam is provided at a certain distance from the discharge point. The tailings enter the wastewater sedimentation area after being buffered by the diversion dam. Beneficial effects:

[0044] The present invention adopts the method of discharging ore from both ends, which can make more reasonable and sufficient use of the storage capacity. The present invention adopts a segmented storage method, which prolongs the settling time of the tailings, can ensure the water quality of the return water, reduce the difficulty of wastewater treatment, and effectively reduce the cost of wastewater treatment. The turbidity removal rate of the tailings wastewater obtained by the present invention using a combination of agents is higher than the turbidity removal rate of the tailings wastewater obtained by using a traditional single agent (polyacrylamide), which shows that the present invention has made significant progress. The present invention adopts an innovative agent combination of potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate. By controlling the weight ratio of potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate cooperate with each other, thereby synergistically improving the turbidity removal rate of the combined agent for treating tailings wastewater, which can effectively shorten the time of wastewater treatment, reduce the difficulty of wastewater treatment, and reduce the cost of wastewater treatment by more than 15%.

[0045] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] A combination agent, the raw materials of which are as follows, in parts by weight: 8 parts of potassium succinate, 3 parts of polyacrylamide, 87 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 5 parts of rice straw powder, and 4 parts of sodium polyaspartate;

[0048] The preparation method of the combined medicament comprises the following steps:

[0049] 1) removing moisture from rice straw, crushing the rice straw, and passing the mixture through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw crushed product;

[0050] 2) adding the crushed rice straw obtained in step 1) to a 22.3% NaOH solution, controlling the pH value to 8.1, and stirring at 62° C., a microwave power of 160 W, and a rotation speed of 200 r / min for 1.9 h to obtain a rice straw solution;

[0051] 3) centrifuging and filtering the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), drying, and then grinding to obtain 400-mesh rice straw powder;

[0052] 4) adding polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate to the rice straw powder prepared in step 3), and then stirring for 1.8 h at a microwave power of 200 W, a temperature of 48° C., and a speed of 250 r / min to prepare a combined agent.

[0053] Example 2

[0054] A method for discharging staged sedimentation from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond, comprising the following steps:

[0055] (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings pond, and the tailings are discharged alternately at both ends according to the actual situation of the beach surface rise and settlement;

[0056] (2) A diversion dam with a height of 110 mm and 142 mm above the beach surface was built at 72 m and 96 m from the ore draw point. The tailings were buffered by multiple diversion dams, effectively extending the settling time of fine-grained ore particles.

[0057] (3) Adding the combined reagent to the tailings wastewater, controlling the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combined reagent prepared in Example 1 to be 7.3, and after treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling area, realizing subsequent backwater utilization.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] A combination agent, the raw materials of which are as follows, in parts by weight: 9 parts of potassium succinate, 7 parts of polyacrylamide, 95 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 8 parts of rice straw powder, and 6 parts of sodium polyaspartate;

[0060] The preparation method of the combined medicament comprises the following steps:

[0061] 1) removing moisture from rice straw, crushing the rice straw, and passing the mixture through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw crushed product;

[0062] 2) adding the pulverized rice straw obtained in step 1) to a 25.6% NaOH solution, controlling the pH value to 8.7, and stirring at 64° C., a microwave power of 180 W, and a rotation speed of 260 r / min for 1.7 h to obtain a rice straw solution;

[0063] 3) centrifuging and filtering the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), drying, and then grinding to obtain 400-mesh rice straw powder;

[0064] 4) Adding polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate to the rice straw powder prepared in step 3), and then stirring for 1.4 hours at a microwave power of 260 W, a temperature of 50° C., and a speed of 320 r / min to prepare a combined agent.

[0065] Example 4

[0066] A method for discharging staged sedimentation from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond, comprising the following steps:

[0067] (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings pond, and the tailings are discharged alternately at both ends according to the actual situation of the beach surface rise and settlement;

[0068] (2) A diversion dam 145 mm and 180 mm higher than the beach surface was built at 75 m and 100 m away from the ore draw point. The tailings were buffered by multiple diversion dams, effectively extending the settling time of fine-grained ore particles.

[0069] (3) Adding the combined reagent to the tailings wastewater, controlling the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combined reagent prepared in Example 3 to be 7.6, and after treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling area, realizing subsequent backwater utilization.

[0070] Example 5

[0071] A combination agent, the raw materials of which are as follows, in parts by weight: 8 parts of potassium succinate, 7 parts of polyacrylamide, 98 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 8 parts of rice straw powder, and 6 parts of sodium polyaspartate;

[0072] The preparation method of the combined medicament comprises the following steps:

[0073] 1) removing moisture from rice straw, crushing the rice straw, and passing the mixture through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw crushed product;

[0074] 2) adding the pulverized rice straw obtained in step 1) to a 26.1% NaOH solution, controlling the pH value to 8.3, and stirring at 65° C., a microwave power of 170 W, and a rotation speed of 240 rpm for 1.9 h to obtain a rice straw solution;

[0075] 3) centrifuging and filtering the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), drying, and then grinding to obtain 400-mesh rice straw powder;

[0076] 4) adding polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate to the rice straw powder prepared in step 3), and then stirring the mixture at a microwave power of 200 W, a temperature of 53° C., and a speed of 300 r / min for 1.7 h to prepare a combined agent.

[0077] Example 6

[0078] A method for discharging staged sedimentation from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond, comprising the following steps:

[0079] (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings pond, and the tailings are discharged alternately at both ends according to the actual situation of the beach surface rise and settlement;

[0080] (2) A diversion dam with a height of 150 mm and 191 mm above the beach surface was built at 76 m and 102 m away from the ore draw point. The tailings were buffered by multiple diversion dams, effectively extending the settling time of fine-grained ore particles.

[0081] (3) Adding the combined reagent to the tailings wastewater, controlling the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combined reagent prepared in Example 5 to be 7.4, and after treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling area, realizing subsequent backwater utilization.

[0082] Example 7

[0083] A combination agent, the raw materials of which are as follows, in parts by weight: 10 parts of potassium succinate, 7 parts of polyacrylamide, 103 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 9 parts of rice straw powder, and 6 parts of sodium polyaspartate;

[0084] The preparation method of the combined medicament comprises the following steps:

[0085] 1) removing moisture from rice straw, crushing the rice straw, and passing the mixture through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain a rice straw crushed product;

[0086] 2) adding the crushed rice straw obtained in step 1) to a 27.8% NaOH solution, controlling the pH value to 9.1, and stirring at 70° C., a microwave power of 200 W, and a rotation speed of 300 r / min for 1.5 hours to obtain a rice straw solution;

[0087] 3) centrifuging and filtering the rice straw solution obtained in step 2), drying, and then grinding to obtain 400-mesh rice straw powder;

[0088] 4) adding polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate to the rice straw powder prepared in step 3), and then stirring for 1 hour at a microwave power of 300 W, a temperature of 55° C., and a speed of 350 r / min to prepare a combined agent.

[0089] Example 8

[0090] A method for discharging staged sedimentation from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond, comprising the following steps:

[0091] (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings pond, and the tailings are discharged alternately at both ends according to the actual situation of the beach surface rise and settlement;

[0092] (2) At 78m and 103m away from the ore draw point, two diversion dams were built, each 146mm and 185mm higher than the beach surface. The tailings were buffered by multiple diversion dams, effectively extending the settling time of fine-grained ore particles.

[0093] (3) Adding a combined agent to the tailings wastewater, controlling the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combined agent to be 7.8, and after treatment, the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater sedimentation area, realizing subsequent backwater utilization.

[0094] Comparative Example 1

[0095] A medicament, wherein the preparation method of the medicament comprises: dissolving polyacrylamide in pure water to obtain a polyacrylamide solution; the mass of the polyacrylamide is the same as the mass of the polyacrylamide in Example 3; and the mass of the pure water is the same as the mass of the potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate in Example 3.

[0096] Comparative Example 2

[0097] A method for discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation from a tin-polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond is disclosed. The method differs from the method for discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation from a tin-polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond in Example 4 in that the reagent used in step (3) is the polyacrylamide solution prepared in Comparative Example 1, and the remaining steps are the same as those in Example 4.

[0098] Comparative Example 3

[0099] A combined medicament is a mixed solution consisting of polyacrylamide, potassium succinate and purified water;

[0100] The preparation method of the agent is as follows: dissolving polyacrylamide and potassium succinate in pure water to obtain a combined agent; the mass of the polyacrylamide and potassium succinate is the same as the mass of the polyacrylamide and potassium succinate in Example 3; the mass of the pure water is the same as the mass of the polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder and sodium polyaspartate in Example 3.

[0101] Comparative Example 4

[0102] The difference from the method of discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation from the tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond in Comparative Example 2 is that the combined reagent prepared in Comparative Example 3 is used in step (3), and the remaining steps are the same as those in Comparative Example 2.

[0103] Comparative Example 5

[0104] A combined agent is a mixed solution consisting of polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride and purified water;

[0105] The preparation method of the agent is as follows: dissolving polyacrylamide and polyaluminum chloride in pure water to obtain a combined agent; the mass of the polyacrylamide and polyaluminum chloride is the same as the mass of the polyacrylamide and polyaluminum chloride in Example 3; the mass of the pure water is the same as the mass of the potassium succinate, rice straw powder and sodium polyaspartate in Example 3.

[0106] Comparative Example 6

[0107] The difference from the method of discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation from the tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond in Comparative Example 2 is that the combined reagent prepared in Comparative Example 5 is used in step (3) and the remaining steps are the same as in Comparative Example 2.

[0108] Comparative Example 7

[0109] A combined agent is a mixed slurry consisting of polyacrylamide, rice straw powder and purified water;

[0110] The preparation method of the agent is: dispersing polyacrylamide and rice straw powder in pure water to obtain a combined agent; the mass of the polyacrylamide and rice straw powder is the same as the mass of the polyacrylamide and rice straw powder in Example 3; the mass of the pure water is the same as the mass of potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride and sodium polyaspartate in Example 3.

[0111] Comparative Example 8

[0112] The difference from the method of discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation from the tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond in Comparative Example 2 is that the combined reagent prepared in Comparative Example 7 is used in step (3) and the remaining steps are the same as in Comparative Example 2.

[0113] Comparative Example 9

[0114] A combined medicament is a mixed solution consisting of polyacrylamide, sodium polyaspartate and purified water;

[0115] The preparation method of the agent is as follows: dissolving polyacrylamide and sodium polyaspartate in pure water to obtain a combined agent; the mass of the polyacrylamide and sodium polyaspartate is the same as the mass of the polyacrylamide and sodium polyaspartate in Example 3; the mass of the pure water is the same as the mass of potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride and rice straw powder in Example 3.

[0116] Comparative Example 10

[0117] The difference from the method of discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation from the tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond in Comparative Example 2 is that the combined reagent prepared in Comparative Example 9 is used in step (3) and the remaining steps are the same as in Comparative Example 2.

[0118] Comparative Example 11

[0119] As shown in Figure 2, a traditional method for discharging, settling, and heaping tailings from tin and polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings ponds involves an upstream wet discharge method, discharging the beneficiation plant tailings and wastewater in front of the dam. The tailings then naturally settle, and the wastewater, after natural settling and clarification, is returned to the beneficiation plant for use or treated in a wastewater treatment system to meet standards before discharge. This traditional method of treating polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings ponds involves a gradual reduction in the wastewater settling area during later operation, due to design requirements for dam elevation. This results in insufficient sedimentation time for fine-grained ore particles and heavy metal ions, impacting the beneficiation plant's return water utilization and wastewater treatment effectiveness. As the wastewater settling area in the tailings pond decreases, wastewater treatment becomes increasingly difficult and expensive.

[0120] Examples 2, 4, 6 and 8 of the present invention improve the traditional method of Comparative Example 11 as follows:

[0121] 1. The method of placing ore at both ends is adopted, that is, the ore is placed alternately at the head and tail of the dam, and water is collected in the middle;

[0122] 2. Use the segmented stockpiling method and add two diversion dams at appropriate locations parallel to the ore drawing point.

[0123] The main effects after improvement:

[0124] 1. The use of ore discharge at both ends can make more reasonable and full use of storage capacity;

[0125] 2. The segmented storage method is adopted to extend the settling time of tailings, ensure the water quality of return water, reduce the difficulty of wastewater treatment, and effectively reduce the cost of wastewater treatment.

[0126] The tailings wastewater in step (3) was treated by the methods of Examples 2, 4, 6 and 8 and Comparative Examples 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10, and the turbidity removal rate of the tailings wastewater was tested by a turbidity meter XZ-0101B produced by Shanghai Haiheng Electromechanical Instrument Co., Ltd. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[0127] Table 1 Turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater after treatment by each method

[0128] It can be seen from Table 1 that: (1) the turbidity removal rate of the tailings wastewater treated by the embodiment method is 98.2% to 99.3%. It can be seen that the turbidity removal rate obtained by treating the tailings wastewater with the agent of the present invention is extremely high.

[0129] (2) From the turbidity removal rate results of Example 4 and Comparative Example 2, it can be seen that the turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater obtained by the combined agent of the present invention (99.3%) is 56.4% higher than the turbidity removal rate of tailings wastewater obtained by using the traditional single agent (polyacrylamide) (63.5%), which shows that the present invention has made significant progress.

[0130] (3) It can also be seen from Table 1 that potassium succinate, polyaluminium chloride, rice straw powder and sodium polyaspartate play a synergistic role in the preparation of the combined agent, and synergistically improve the turbidity removal rate of the combined agent in treating tailings wastewater. This is because: potassium succinate can contact with the surface of the particles in the tailings wastewater, greatly reducing the affinity of the particle surface to water, effectively destroying the original water structure on the surface of the particles in the tailings wastewater, releasing the water on the surface of the particles, and with the help of the long chain structure of sodium polyaspartate, the particles in the tailings wastewater are condensed together to form flocs, thereby improving the turbidity removal rate of the tailings wastewater. Polyaluminium chloride has an excellent electrical neutralization and bridging effect on the particulate matter in the tailings wastewater. Under the action of polyaluminium chloride, the flocculent matter in the tailings wastewater can be agglomerated to form large particles, further improving the turbidity removal rate of the tailings wastewater. Rice straw powder contains a large amount of cellulose, which contains hydroxyl groups. These hydroxyl groups can chelate heavy metal ions in tailings wastewater, thereby improving heavy metal adsorption and flocculation capacity, thereby effectively increasing the turbidity removal rate of the combined agent in treating tailings wastewater. In addition, sodium polyaspartate can complex the cellulose in rice straw powder, thereby improving the ability of the cellulose in rice straw powder to agglomerate particles in tailings wastewater. The present invention uses an innovative agent combination of potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate. By controlling the weight ratio of potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate, the potassium succinate, polyaluminum chloride, rice straw powder, and sodium polyaspartate cooperate with each other, thereby synergistically improving the turbidity removal rate of the combined agent in treating tailings wastewater.

[0131] The description of the above embodiments is only intended to help understand the method of the present invention and its core concept. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, several improvements and modifications may be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments are obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A combination drug, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials: potassium succinate, polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride, rice straw powder and sodium polyaspartate.

2. The combination drug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 7-10 parts of potassium succinate, 3-8 parts of polyacrylamide, 85-104 parts of polyaluminium chloride, 5-9 parts of rice straw powder and 4-7 parts of sodium polyaspartate.

3. The combined pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The method for preparing the rice straw powder comprises the following steps: 1) removing moisture from rice straw, crushing the rice straw, and sieving the rice straw to obtain crushed rice straw; 2) adding the rice straw powder obtained in step 1) into a NaOH solution, controlling the pH value to be 8-9.2, and then stirring for 1.5-2h at a temperature of 60-70°C, a microwave power of 150-200W, and a rotation speed of 200-300r / min to obtain a rice straw solution; 3) The rice straw solution obtained in step 2) is centrifuged and filtered, and then dried and ground to obtain rice straw powder.

4. The combined pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sieving in 1) is through a 200-300 mesh sieve.

5. The combined pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass concentration of the NaOH solution in step 2) is 22-28%.

6. The combined pharmaceutical preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rice straw powder obtained in step 3) has a mesh size of 400 or more.

7. A method for preparing the combined pharmaceutical composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: Polyacrylamide, potassium succinate, polyaluminium chloride and sodium polyaspartate are added to rice straw powder, and then stirred for 1 to 2 hours at a microwave power of 200 to 300 W, a temperature of 45 to 56° C. and a rotation speed of 200 to 350 r / min to prepare a combined agent.

8. A method for discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation from a tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) The tailings from the concentrator are transported to the tailings pond, and the tailings are discharged alternately at both ends according to the actual situation of beach rise and settlement on site; (2) A guide dam is set at a certain distance from the ore discharge point, and the tailings are deposited in multiple guide dams. Under the buffer of the dam, the sedimentation time of fine-grained ore particles is effectively prolonged; (3) Adding a combination of agents to tailings wastewater, controlling the pH value of the tailings wastewater after the addition of the combination of agents, so that the tailings wastewater becomes clear in the wastewater settling area after treatment, and subsequent recycling is achieved; the combination of agents is the combination of agents described in any one of claims 1 to 6 or the combination of agents prepared by the preparation method described in claim 7.

9. The method for discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation of tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step (2), 1 to 3 guide dams are arranged at a certain distance from the ore drawing point.

10. The method for discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation of tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond according to claim 9, characterized in that: There are two guide dams, which are respectively arranged at 70-80m and 95-106m away from the ore-drawing point.

11. The method for discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation of tin polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: In the step (2), the guide dam is 100 to 200 mm higher than the beach surface.

12. The method for discharging staged sedimentation and heap sedimentation of tin-polymetallic ore beneficiation tailings pond according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: In the step (3), the pH value of the tailings wastewater after adding the combined reagent is controlled to be 7.2 to 7.9.

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