Easy-to-service, double-safety airbrake chamber with an incorporated limit switch sensor and a plastic guide in a rod disc or plate for centring a return spring (cssaff)

Abstract

The invention relates to a safety chamber with a limit switch sensor that activates at the exact moment that a mechanical component of an airbrake system requires adjustment or repair. The proposed element is for connecting to the safety systems of vehicles with an airbrake system. A cylindrical, toroidal mechanical pneumatic operating component formed by a case and covers that are made of stamped steel and connected by clamps and bolts, which converts pressure into mechanical force by means of sealed pistons or diaphragms and has an incorporated limit switch sensor on the front cover thereof in an encapsulated space that may be cylindrical or cubic (see figures 1.1.1, 1.2.1) or a front hole (see figure 1.3.1) where the limit switch sensor is installed and accommodated. These are snap-action electronic switches, which open or close a circuit, micro pulse-switch type, which warns of the end of the longitudinal stroke of the rod at the exact moment that the rod meets the body of the front cover of the chamber internally and can go no further, at which point the rod plate or disc activates the sensor, permitting a signal. These sensors can be normally open (NA) or normally closed (NC) and are located on front cover of the chamber, where a button is located internally (inside the chamber), a connection body being arranged on the outside (see figures 1.2, 1.2.1). The proposed airbrake chamber has a plastic guide, which is inserted in the rod plate or disc and centres a return spring, thus optimising the space inside the limit switch sensor.

Description

[0001] SINGLE SERVICE AND DOUBLE SAFETY AIR BRAKE CHAMBER, WITH BUILT-IN LIMIT SENSOR AND PLASTIC GUIDE ON THE STEM DISC OR PLATE, TO CENTRE THE RETURN SPRING (CSSAFF)

[0002] Technology sector.

[0003] The present invention involves two specific fields: on the one hand, road safety, specifically to prevent accidents that put people's safety at risk, and the automotive field, specifically, with brake safety systems for vehicles with air brake systems.

[0004] Therefore, the product is located within the field of mechanical, electromechanical and electronic engineering.

[0005] Previous technology. Regarding road safety: We see traffic accidents on highways where, sadly, people are injured, and in other cases, even human lives are lost, because trucks, buses, or machinery suffered mechanical damage and swept away everything in their path. Currently, we know of no built-in monitoring system in air brake chambers, although this is the most important element in braking and a fundamental element in verifying the proper functioning of the mechanical elements of the entire braking system.

[0006] Regarding the automotive field, we found an invention patent. Compressed air brake chambers: characterized by being composed of a box or casing formed by two parts joined by studs or screws that are separated internally, forming two chambers, by a plate-shaped membrane or diaphragm. Patent number P02200440.

[0007] This patent explains the physical characteristics and operation of the chamber in a detailed and functional manner, motivating the practical complement proposed in this document. For all the above, said documents that are part of the state of the art are referenced, in order to explain the background of the application and take as a starting point the improvements that make the application different from what already exists through its essential structural technical characteristics that include the respective SINGLE SERVICE AND DOUBLE SAFETY AIR BRAKE CHAMBER WITH INCORPORATED END STROKE SENSOR AND PLASTIC GUIDE ON THE STEM DISC OR PLATE TO CENTER THE RECOIL SPRING (CSSAFF), which differently solve the technical problem posed in this application.

[0008] Literature:

[0009] • BENDIX COMPANY AIR BRAKE MANUAL.

[0010] • BENDIX COMPANY ABS OPERATOR'S MANUAL.

[0011] • REPAIR OF THE AIR BRAKE SYSTEM, OF THE INSTITUTIONAL REPOSITORY OF THE SENA LIBRARY SYSTEM.

[0012] • COMPRESSED AIR BRAKE CHAMBERS P02200440.

[0013] State of the art

[0014] Air chambers are the primary and fundamental pneumatic-mechanical components of the air brake system. These components are used in trucks, buses, and heavy machinery. Air or pneumatic brakes are a type of brake actuated by compressed air. They are primarily used in heavy-duty automotive units, which use air chambers, an element responsible for transforming pneumatic energy into mechanical energy. These chambers are supplied with compressed air tanks fed by compressors and controlled by valves.

[0015] The air chamber's job is to exert mechanical force on the system's articulated elements and, through this movement, exert pressure on the friction elements, resulting in a reduction in movement (braking effort) in vehicles with an air brake system. GENERAL DESCRIPTION

[0016] The air chamber is a mechanical pneumatic element with a cylindrical and toroidal shape that is composed of a housing and covers, they are made of stamped steel and are connected by clamps and bolts, it converts air pressure into mechanical force by means of diaphragms or pistons, which push the plate or disc of the stem producing a longitudinal movement, the internal displacement has a beginning and an end, it has a useful travel which is used to perform the braking work in vehicles with an air brake system.

[0017] The technical problem to be solved in this application is that:

[0018] The air brake system is subject to constant wear due to continuous use. Because of this, it is necessary to periodically adjust and calibrate the system, filling the gaps between the band or block and the bell or drum, and between the pad and the disc. The air brake system loses its effectiveness when the rod or chamber impeller reaches its maximum travel within the chamber, the exact moment when the rod plate or disc meets the body of the front chamber cover internally, at which point it cannot advance further.The loss of graduation or calibration in the present utility model application aims to provide a solution to the problem through a SINGLE SERVICE AIR BRAKE CHAMBER AND DOUBLE SAFETY CHAMBER WITH BUILT-IN LIMIT STROKE SENSOR AND PLASTIC GUIDE ON THE STEM DISC OR PLATE TO CENTER THE RECOIL SPRING (CSSAFF) where the limit stroke sensor is activated at the point of maximum trajectory of the stem, alerting the safety system of the vehicle with an air brake system, since the chamber has reached its maximum longitudinal travel, the moment at which the set of brake elements of a wheel performs its work optimally for the last time. The objective of the air brake chamber with built-in sensor (CSSAFF) is to warn of the failure of the safety systems, generate the warning signal.

[0019] Sudden damage: ruptures, fractures, cracks, wear, collapse, tearing of the elements of the air brake system that occur suddenly or unexpectedly, without the damage being expected or detected in advance. The present utility model application aims to provide a solution to the problem through a SINGLE SERVICE AND DOUBLE SAFETY AIR BRAKE CHAMBER WITH BUILT-IN END STROKE SENSOR AND PLASTIC GUIDE ON THE DISC OR PLATE OF THE STEM TO CENTER THE RETURN SPRING (CSSAFF) where the sensor warns in time of the maximum trajectory of the stem, alerting the safety system of the vehicle with an air brake system, since the chamber reached its maximum longitudinal travel and generated the failure signal that caused the mechanical force of the chamber to go into the vacuum in the compromised element.

[0020] While the system is operating optimally, graduated or calibrated, the piston rod displacement will be minimal and will not pulse the sensor. During the piston rod's useful travel, the system will maintain efficient braking force, and will progressively lose graduation or calibration, causing the piston rod to move further with each braking application until it reaches its maximum internal travel, the exact moment when the sensor is activated. In the event of mechanical damage, the piston rod's force will be released into the vacuum, activating the sensor and signaling the loss of braking force on that element.

[0021] Deflected or off-center return springs prevent optimal return dynamics. The purpose of this utility model application is to provide a solution to this problem by means of a SINGLE SERVICE, DOUBLE SAFETY AIR BRAKE CHAMBER WITH BUILT-IN LIMIT-TRACK SENSOR AND PLASTIC GUIDE ON THE STEM DISC OR PLATE TO CENTER THE RETURN SPRING (CSSAFF) by means of a plastic guide in the form of a circular disc with a hole in the center that serves as a guide for the end of the return spring to enter and keeps it centered at all times, allowing for optimization of both the spring's performance and the functional space of the limit-travel sensor.

[0022] The state of the art seeks to optimally monitor the cameras in the air brake system so that, at the precise moment the piston rod reaches its maximum longitudinal travel or the end of its travel, it activates the limit switch. Optimizing their functionality with an electronic element (limit switch) can thus be incorporated into vehicle monitoring systems for brake and road safety functions.

[0023] DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] To complement the description being made and in order to help better understand the characteristics of the invention, according to a preferred example of practical implementation thereof, a group of figures is attached as an integral part of said description, in which the following has been represented for illustrative and non-limiting purposes:

[0025] Figure number 1: limit switch sensors, location and examples:

[0026] 1.1.1 : limit switch sensor installed in a cubic capsule installed under pressure.

[0027] 1.1.2: limit switch sensor installed in a screwed cylindrical capsule.

[0028] 1.1.3: Limit switch sensor with fixing screws on top cover.

[0029] Figure number 2: limit switch sensors, location, trajectory, contact point on the stem.

[0030] 2.1: Location of the limit switch sensor on the chamber cover

[0031] 2.2: Sensor contact point with stem 2.3: Chamber cover

[0032] 2.4: stem

[0033] Figure 3: Limit switch sensors in a single air chamber in normal and activated operation, explained graphically and with a symbolic equation.

[0034] 3.1 normal work

[0035] 3.2 activated

[0036] Figure 4: Limit switch sensor installed in a safety chamber, double chamber or spring chamber.

[0037] Figure number 5: stem with plastic guide in the cap or disc to center the return spring.

[0038] 5.1 : unguided spring stem with deflected spring.

[0039] 5.2: stem with plastic guide and centered spring.

[0040] 5.3: plastic guide.

[0041] Figure number 6: limit switch sensor

[0042] 6.1: limit switch sensor (NO) diagram

[0043] 6.2: limit switch sensor (NC) diagram

[0044] 6.3: limit switch sensor

[0045] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] SINGLE SERVICE AND DOUBLE SAFETY AIR BRAKE CHAMBER WITH BUILT-IN LIMIT STROKE SENSOR AND PLASTIC GUIDE ON THE STEM DISC OR PLATE TO CENTRE THE RETURN SPRING (CSSAFF)

[0047] Mechanical pneumatic operating element with a cylindrical and toroidal shape that is composed of a housing and covers, are made of stamped steel and are connected by clamps and bolts, converts air pressure into mechanical force by means of sealed diaphragms or pistons, have a limit switch built into their front cover, in an encapsulated space which can be cylindrical or cubic (See Figure number 1.1.1,

[0048] 1.2.1 ) or a front hole (See Figure number 1.3.1 ) Sites where the limit switch is installed and housed. These are immediate action electronic switches, which open or close a circuit, pulse micro switch type, which warns of the end of the longitudinal travel of the stem at the exact moment that it meets the body of the front cover of the chamber internally, and cannot advance further, point where the plate or disc of the stem activates the sensor allowing the signal. These sensors can be normally open (NO) or normally closed (NC), they are located on the front cover of the chamber, where the cylindrical button is internal (inside the chamber) and the connection body is external (See Figure number 1.2, 1.2.1 ).They have a plastic guide in the form of a circular disc with a hole in the center that serves as a guide to center the return spring, allowing the space to be optimized for the work of the limit switch sensor (See Figure number 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3).

[0049] Single air chamber with limit switch sensor installed in front hole with plastic guide on the stem.

[0050] Mechanical pneumatic operating element with cylindrical and toroidal shape that is composed of housing and covers, are made of stamped steel and are connected by clamps and bolts. It converts air pressure into mechanical force by means of sealed diaphragms or pistons, Chamber with front hole (See Figure number 1.3) in the front cover of the chamber, which has a symmetrical perforation or hole with optimal alignment, taking into account the internal mechanical development of the chamber with respect to the longitudinal displacement of the stem (impeller) (See Figure number

[0051] 2.1 ) (See figure number 1.1.1 ), chamber that houses a limit switch sensor which is held in place by screws on the front of the chamber (See Figure number 1.3, 1.3.1 ). They have a plastic guide in the shape of a circular disc with a hole in the centre that serves as a guide to centre the return spring, allowing the space to be optimised for the limit switch to operate (See Figure number 5, 5.1 , 5.2, 5.3). Simple air chamber with limit switch sensor installed in a cylindrical casing with a plastic guide on the stem.

[0052] Mechanical pneumatic operating element with a cylindrical and toroidal shape that is composed of a housing and covers, are made of stamped steel and are connected by clamps and bolts. It converts air pressure into mechanical force by means of sealed diaphragms or pistons, Chamber with cylindrical encapsulation, which is pressure laminated (See Figure number 1.2) in the front cover of the chamber, which has a symmetrical hole with optimal alignment taking into account the internal mechanical development of the chamber with respect to the longitudinal displacement of the stem (impeller) (See Figure number 2.1), chamber that houses a limit switch sensor which is screwed into the helical path in the lower part of the cylindrical encapsulation (See Figure number 1.2, 1.2.1).They have a plastic guide in the form of a circular disc with a hole in the center that serves as a guide to center the return spring, allowing the space to be optimized for the work of the limit switch sensor (See Figure number 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3).

[0053] Single air chamber with limit switch sensor installed in a cubic encapsulation with a plastic guide on the stem.

[0054] Mechanical pneumatic operating element with a cylindrical and toroidal shape that is composed of a housing and covers, are made of stamped steel and are connected by clamps and bolts, converts air pressure into mechanical force by means of sealed diaphragms or pistons, Chamber with cubic encapsulation, which is pressure laminated (See Figure number 1.1) in the front cover of the chamber, which has a symmetrical hole with optimal alignment taking into account the internal mechanical development of the chamber with respect to the longitudinal displacement of the stem (impeller) (See Figure number 2.1), (See Figure Number 1.1.1), chamber that houses a limit switch sensor is pressure installed inside the cubic encapsulation, which has plastic fasteners or fastening screws (See Figure number 1.1.2).They have a plastic guide in the form of a circular disc with a hole in the center that serves as a guide to center the return spring, allowing the space to be optimized for the work of the limit switch sensor (See Figure number 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3).

[0055] Double safety air chamber with limit switch installed in a front hole with a plastic guide on the stem.

[0056] Mechanical pneumatic operating element with cylindrical and toroidal shape that is composed of housing, covers and safety spring, are made of stamped steel and are connected by clamps and bolts, converts air pressure into mechanical force by means of sealed diaphragms or pistons, chamber with front hole (See Figure number 1.3) in the front cover of the chamber, which has a symmetrical perforation or hole with optimal alignment, taking into account the internal mechanical development of the chamber with respect to the longitudinal displacement of the stem (impeller) (See Figure number

[0057] 2.1 ) (See figure number 1.1.1 ), a chamber that houses a limit switch which is held in place with screws on the front of the chamber (See Figure number 1 .3,

[0058] 1.3.1 ). They have a plastic guide in the form of a circular disc with a hole in the center that serves as a guide to center the return spring, allowing the space to be optimized for the work of the limit switch sensor (See Figure number 5, 5.1 , 5.2, 5.3).

[0059] Double safety air chamber with limit switch sensor installed in a cylindrical casing with a plastic guide on the stem.

[0060] Mechanical pneumatic operating element with cylindrical and toroidal shape that is composed of housing, covers and safety spring, are made of stamped steel and are connected by clamps and bolts, converts air pressure into mechanical force by means of sealed diaphragms or pistons, chamber with cylindrical encapsulation, which is pressure laminated (See Figure number 1.2) in the front cover of the chamber, which has a symmetrical hole with optimal alignment taking into account the internal mechanical development of the chamber with respect to the longitudinal displacement of the stem (impeller) (See Figure number 2.1), chamber that houses a limit switch sensor which is screwed into the helical path in the lower part of the cylindrical encapsulation (See Figure number 1.2, 1.2.1).They have a plastic guide in the form of a circular disc with a hole in the center that serves as a guide to center the return spring, allowing the space to be optimized for the work of the limit switch sensor (See Figure number 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3).

[0061] Double safety air chamber with limit switch sensor installed in a cubic encapsulation with a plastic guide on the stem.

[0062] Mechanical pneumatic operating element with a cylindrical and toroidal shape that is composed of a housing, covers and safety spring, are made of stamped steel and are connected by clamps and bolts, converts air pressure into mechanical force by means of sealed diaphragms or pistons, chamber with cubic encapsulation, which is pressure laminated (See Figure number 1.1) in the front cover of the chamber, which has a symmetrical hole with optimal alignment taking into account the internal mechanical development of the chamber with respect to the longitudinal displacement of the stem (impeller) (See Figure number 2.1), (See Figure Number 1.1.1), chamber that houses a limit switch sensor is pressure installed inside the cubic encapsulation, which has plastic fasteners or fastening screws (See Figure number 1.1.2).They have a plastic guide in the form of a circular disc with a hole in the center that serves as a guide to center the return spring, allowing the space to be optimized for the work of the limit switch sensor (See Figure number 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3).

[0063] Return spring centering guide. A plastic guide in the form of a circular disc with a hole in the center that serves as a guide to center the return spring, allowing for optimal space for the limit switch sensor to operate (See Figures 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3).

Claims

Claim 1 . SINGLE SERVICE AND DOUBLE SAFETY AIR BRAKE CHAMBER WITH BUILT-IN LIMIT STROKE SENSOR AND PLASTIC GUIDE ON THE DISC OR STEM PLATE TO CENTER THE RETURN SPRING (CSSAFF) characterized in that it is a pneumatic mechanical operating element with a cylindrical and toroidal shape that is composed of a housing and covers, are made of stamped steel and are connected by clamps and bolts, converts air pressure into mechanical force by means of diaphragms, pistons or push rods, have a built-in sensor which indicates the loss of optimal work of the chamber on the brake system. Claim 2. SINGLE SERVICE AIR BRAKE CHAMBER AND DOUBLE SAFETY CHAMBER WITH BUILT-IN LIMIT STROKE SENSOR AND PLASTIC GUIDE ON THE STEM DISC OR PLATE TO CENTER THE RETURN SPRING (CSSAFF) characterized in that the air brake chamber has a cubic encapsulation, which is pressure laminated (See Figure number 1.1) in the front cover of the chamber, which has a symmetrical hole, with optimal alignment taking into account the internal mechanical development of the chamber with respect to the longitudinal displacement of the stem (driver) (See Figure number 2.1), (See Figure Number 1.1.1), with limit stroke sensor is installed in cubic encapsulation (See Figure number 1.1.2). Claim 3. SINGLE SERVICE AND DOUBLE SAFETY AIR BRAKE CHAMBER WITH BUILT-IN LIMIT STROKE SENSOR AND PLASTIC GUIDE ON THE DISC OR STEM PLATE TO CENTER THE RETURN SPRING (CSSAFF) characterized in that the air brake chamber has a cylindrical encapsulation, which is pressure laminated (See Figure number 1.2) on the front cover of the chamber, which has a symmetrical hole, with optimal alignment taking into account the internal mechanical development of the chamber with respect to the longitudinal displacement of the stem (impeller) (See Figure number 2.1), chamber with limit switch sensor which is installed in the lower part of the cylindrical encapsulation (See Figure number 1.2, 1.2.1). Claim 4. SINGLE SERVICE AIR BRAKE CHAMBER AND DOUBLE SAFETY CHAMBER WITH BUILT-IN LIMIT STROKE SENSOR AND PLASTIC GUIDE ON THE STEM DISC OR PLATE TO CENTER THE RECOIL SPRING (CSSAFF) characterized in that the air brake chamber has a front hole (See Figure number 1.3) in the front cover of the chamber, which has a symmetrical perforation or hole with optimal alignment, taking into account the internal mechanical development of the chamber with respect to the longitudinal displacement of the stem (driver) (See Figure number 2.1) (See Figure Number 1.1.1), chamber with limit stroke sensor which is installed and secured with screws, on the front of the chamber (See Figure number 1.3, 1.3.1). Claim 5. SINGLE SERVICE AND DOUBLE SAFETY AIR BRAKE CHAMBER WITH BUILT-IN LIMIT STROKE SENSOR AND PLASTIC GUIDE ON THE STEM DISC OR PLATE TO CENTER THE RETURN SPRING (CSSAFF) characterized in that the spring centering guide orients and centers the return or recoil spring, because it is housed in the stem or piston, which allows and optimizes the working space of the limit stroke sensor (See Figure number 5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3).

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