Multi-beam control method for antenna, and device and medium

Abstract

The present application provides a multi-beam control method for an antenna, and a device and a medium. The method comprises: acquiring a precoding matrix of a preconstructed antenna array, wherein the precoding matrix is obtained by adding N precoding sub-matrixes, the N precoding sub-matrixes have the same dimension, non-zero elements in any two precoding sub-matrixes are not in the same position, and modulus values of all the non-zero elements are equal; and on the basis of the precoding matrix, controlling the antenna array to transmit beams.

Description

Antenna multi-beam control method, device and medium

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on November 30, 2023, with application number 202311634734.0 and application name “Antenna Multi-beam Control Method, Device and Medium”. The entire contents of the application are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to an antenna multi-beam control method, device and medium. Background Art

[0004] Array technology has been widely used in wireless communication base stations and terminals. For example, Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) and Massive MIMO technologies in 4G and 5G communications rely on large-scale antenna arrays. By designing array precoding, highly directional, high-gain narrow beams can be transmitted in a specified direction, improving wireless signal transmission performance.

[0005] In some application scenarios, array antennas need to transmit multiple beams simultaneously to point to multiple users, such as some broadcast signals. To this end, it is necessary to design a precoding method that can generate multiple directional beams simultaneously. In related technologies, multi-beam precoding methods include the following categories: (1) multi-beam precoding based on the superposition of multiple discrete Fourier transform (DFT) vectors; (2) multi-beam precoding based on subarrays; (3) multi-beam precoding based on optimization methods. Among them, the precoding generated by the method based on the superposition of multiple DFT vectors will cause the precoding to have non-constant mode characteristics, that is, the transmission power of each oscillator is different, and it is necessary to configure a power amplifier at the antenna port, which increases the hardware cost. If the transmission power of each oscillator is forcibly normalized, the quality of multiple beams will be affected, and even strong side lobes and grating lobes will be generated. Multi-beam precoding based on subarrays divides a large array into multiple subarrays, and each subarray transmits a beam to form multiple beams. This method can solve the non-constant mode problem, but it sacrifices the antenna aperture efficiency, the beam becomes wider, and the gain is reduced. Optimization-based methods can obtain suitable multi-beam precoding by modeling the multi-beam precoding problem as a constrained optimization problem and solving it through common optimization methods. However, common optimization algorithms are prone to falling into local optimal solutions and cannot obtain the global optimal solution, which affects the beam quality and is prone to high sidelobes and grating lobes, causing strong interference to other users.

[0006] How to design high-gain, constant-modulus multi-beam precoding for large-scale antenna arrays remains an important issue in wireless communications.

[0007] Summary of the Invention

[0008] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna multi-beam control method, device, and medium, which can realize multi-beam transmission of an antenna array and solve the non-constant modulus problem existing in traditional multi-beam methods.

[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna multi-beam control method, the method comprising: obtaining a precoding matrix of a preconstructed antenna array, wherein the precoding matrix is ​​obtained by adding N sub-precoding matrices, the N sub-precoding matrices have the same dimension, the non-zero elements in any two of the sub-precoding matrices are not in the same position, and the moduli of all the non-zero elements are equal; controlling the antenna array transmit beam according to the precoding matrix.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device comprising: one or more processors; and a memory storing one or more programs, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the antenna multi-beam control method as described in the first aspect.

[0011] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the antenna multi-beam control method as described in the first aspect is implemented.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, a precoding matrix is ​​obtained by adding N sub-precoding matrices having the same dimension, and the non-zero elements in any two of the N sub-precoding matrices are not in the same position, and the moduli of all non-zero elements are equal. Obtaining a precoding matrix in this manner can solve the problem of array antennas generating multiple beams in wireless communications, especially the problem of non-constant modulus power of each antenna element in multi-beam precoding, and can obtain a higher antenna gain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0014] FIG1 is a schematic flow chart of an antenna multi-beam control method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a process for constructing a precoding matrix according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a precoding matrix and its corresponding sub-precoding matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG4A is a schematic diagram of another precoding matrix and its corresponding sub-precoding matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] FIG4B is a schematic diagram of another precoding matrix and its corresponding sub-precoding matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of another precoding matrix and its corresponding sub-precoding matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a linear antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of energy of a transmit beam controlled by a precoding matrix according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a precoding matrix suitable for configuring a two-dimensional antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another energy of a transmit beam controlled by a precoding matrix according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG10A is a schematic diagram of a precoding matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG10B is a schematic diagram of another precoding matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG10C is a schematic diagram of another precoding matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present application, the technical solution provided by the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Example embodiments will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the described example embodiments may be embodied in different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete and will fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art.

[0030] As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0031] The terms used herein are used only to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "made of" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0032] In the following description, reference is made to “some embodiments,” which describes a subset of all possible embodiments, but it will be understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art. It will also be understood that terms such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present application, and will not be interpreted as having an idealized or overly formal meaning, unless clearly defined in the examples of the present application.

[0034] In order to solve the problem of antenna array generating multiple beams in wireless communications and the problem of non-constant modulus of power of each antenna element in multi-beam precoding, the present application provides an antenna multi-beam control method, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium. The embodiment of the present application is applied to an antenna array, which can be set in a (wireless) access network device for transmitting wireless signals. Typically, an antenna array is composed of several identical antenna units arranged in a certain pattern. The antenna array has preset engineering parameters such as antenna gain, antenna spacing, and transmit power.

[0035] (Wireless) access network equipment is a device deployed in a wireless access network to provide various wireless communication functions for terminal devices. (Wireless) access network equipment can include various forms of base stations. For example, macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small stations), relay stations, access points, etc. For example, the base stations involved in the embodiments of the present application can be base stations in the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) or base stations in long term evolution (LTE), where the base stations in 5G can also be called transmission reception points (TRP) or 5G base stations (next generation Node B, gNB). In the embodiments of the present application, the device for implementing the function of the network device can be a network device; it can also be a device that can support the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system, which can be installed in the network device. In the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application will be described by taking the network device as an example of a base station. It should be noted that in systems using different wireless access technologies, the names of the wireless access network devices may be different. For example, a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (GSM) or code division multiple access (CDMA) network, a NB (NodeB) in wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), and an eNB or eNodeB (evolutionary NodeB) in long term evolution (LTE). (Wireless) access network equipment can also be a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. (Wireless) access network equipment can also be a base station device in a future network (such as the sixth generation mobile networks (6G)) or a wireless access network device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN) network. The wireless access network device can also be a wearable device or a vehicle-mounted device. The wireless access network device can also be a transmission and reception point (TRP).

[0036] Please refer to Figure 1, which is a flow chart of a method for controlling antenna multi-beams according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the method includes the following steps:

[0037] Step S110: Obtain a precoding matrix of a preconstructed antenna array, wherein the precoding matrix is ​​obtained by adding N sub-precoding matrices, the N sub-precoding matrices have the same dimension, the non-zero elements in any two sub-precoding matrices are not in the same position, the moduli of all non-zero elements are equal, and N is an integer greater than 1.

[0038] Step S120: Control the antenna array to transmit a beam according to the precoding matrix.

[0039] It can be understood that the number of sub-precoding matrices is related to the number of transmit main beams preset in the antenna array, that is, the value of the number N of sub-precoding matrices can be determined according to the number of transmit main beams preset in the antenna array.

[0040] For example, in some cases, the antenna array needs to simultaneously transmit two main beams in different directions. In this case, N can be set to 2. In other cases, the antenna array needs to simultaneously transmit three main beams in different directions. In this case, N can be set to 3. It should be noted that the number of beams generated by the precoding designed using the method proposed in this application can be greater than the number of preset main beams. For example, in some cases, with two preset main beam directions, the designed precoding matrix can generate beams in four different directions.

[0041] Referring to FIG. 2 , the precoding matrix construction process described in the embodiment of the present application may include the following steps S210 to S230:

[0042] Step S210: Construct N sub-precoding matrices with the same dimension.

[0043] It is understandable that the dimensions of the N sub-precoding matrices are related to the arrangement of the antenna elements in the antenna array. y Row N x Column arrangement, then the dimension of N sub-precoding matrices can be configured as N y Row N x Columns, or the dimensions of N sub-precoding matrices can be configured as N x Row N y Column. N x 、N y are integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0044] Step S220: Determine the non-zero elements in each sub-precoding matrix according to a preset rule.

[0045] The preset rules include at least one of the following:

[0046] (1) The non-zero elements in any two of the N sub-precoding matrices are not in the same position;

[0047] (2) The modulo values ​​of all non-zero elements are equal.

[0048] Step S230: Determine a precoding matrix according to the N sub-precoding matrices.

[0049] It is understandable that the precoding matrix provided in the embodiment of the present application can be expressed by the following formula:

[0050] Where W represents the precoding matrix, n represents the sequence number of the sub-precoding matrix, and W n represents the nth sub-precoding matrix among N sub-precoding matrices, a n Represents the weighting coefficient corresponding to the nth sub-precoding matrix, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}.

[0051] It can be understood that the precoding matrix W is an N y Row N x Column matrix, sub-precoding matrix W n Also N y Row N x A matrix of columns.

[0052] It can be understood that at least one row or one column in the sub-precoding matrix has N-1 consecutive zero elements.

[0053] It is understandable that the above W n The following conditions are met:

[0054] (1)W n The modulo values ​​of all non-zero elements in are equal, for example, the modulo values ​​of all non-zero elements are 1;

[0055] (2)W n There are N-1 zero elements between two adjacent non-zero elements in each row, and there are N-1 zero elements between two adjacent non-zero elements in each column;

[0056] (3)W n The phase difference between two adjacent non-zero elements in each row is a fixed value, and the phase difference between two adjacent non-zero elements in each column is a fixed value;

[0057] (4) If W n If the element in row p and column q is non-zero, then W m The element in the p-th row and q-th column is a zero element, where m∈{0,1,…,N-1} and m≠n.

[0058] It is understood that each element in the precoding matrix can be used to configure the amplitude and phase of at least one antenna element in the array. Configuring appropriate precoding for the array enables the array to transmit a beam in a specified direction, achieving directional signal transmission. In some cases, the dimensions of the precoding matrix can be the same as the dimensions of the antenna array, with each element in the precoding matrix corresponding to the precoding of one antenna element.

[0059] Phase difference refers to the difference between the arguments of two elements, for example, a W n A non-zero element in An adjacent non-zero element is Where pq and ps are the indices of the elements, q≠s, and j is the imaginary unit. Then the phase difference between the two non-zero elements is Δθ=|θ pq -θ ps |, since the argument is periodic, the phase difference can also be defined as Δθ=|θ pq -θ ps +2π|.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 3, which is a schematic diagram of a precoding matrix and its corresponding sub-precoding matrix provided in an embodiment of the present application. In the example of Figure 3, the precoding matrix W is formed by adding three sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2. In Figure 3, the blank cells in the sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2 represent zero elements, and the non-blank cells represent non-zero elements. The non-zero elements in W0, W1, and W2 are not in the same position, that is, the indexes of the non-zero elements are different. As shown in Figure 3, in each sub-precoding matrix, at least one row or column has N-1 consecutive zero elements, that is, any two adjacent non-zero elements in a sub-precoding matrix are separated by N-1 consecutive zero elements. It can be understood that adjacent non-zero elements in the matrix refer to the two non-zero elements that are closest to each other in the same row or column.

[0061] It can be understood that the moduli of the non-zero elements in W0, W1, and W2 in FIG3 are all equal, for example, the moduli are all 1.

[0062] It can be understood that the above-mentioned N sub-precoding matrices have a sequential relationship, and each sub-precoding matrix has a corresponding serial number. The position of the non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrix is ​​determined by the serial number of the sub-precoding matrix and the number N of sub-precoding matrices.

[0063] Exemplarily, the non-zero elements of the nth sub-precoding matrix among N sub-precoding matrices are determined by the following steps: for the element in the pth row and qth column of the nth sub-precoding matrix, determine a first value according to p and q, modulo the first value and N to obtain a second value, and when the second value is equal to n, determine that the element in the pth row and qth column of the nth sub-precoding matrix is ​​a non-zero element; wherein n represents the sequence number of the sub-precoding matrix, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}.

[0064] Exemplarily, the first value is determined by one of the following formulas:

[0065] i=N x -p-1+q; (Formula 2)

[0066] or,

[0067] i=N y -p-1+q; (Formula 3)

[0068] or,

[0069] i=p+q;(Formula 4)

[0070] Among them, i represents the first value, N y Indicates the number of rows contained in the nth sub-precoding matrix, N x Indicates the number of columns contained in the nth sub-precoding matrix, p indicates the row index of the element, and q indicates the column index of the element. In addition, the first value can also be based on N x -q-1+p、N y -q-1+p is determined.

[0071] In a possible embodiment of the present application, W n The p-th row and q-th column elements are non-zero elements, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1}, then p and q satisfy:

[0072] (N x -p-1+q)%N=n. (Formula 5)

[0073] Please refer to FIG4A , the non-zero elements in the three sub-precoding matrices shown in FIG4A all satisfy Formula 5. For example, the dimensions of the three sub-precoding matrices shown in FIG4A are all 8 rows and 6 columns, that is, N y =8, N x= 6; the element in row 0, column 1 of W0 is non-zero, satisfying: (6-0-1+1)%3=0; the element in row 0, column 2 of W1 is non-zero, satisfying: (6-0-1+2)%3=1; the element in row 0, column 0 of W2 is non-zero, satisfying: (6-0-1+0)%3=2. The element in the upper left corner of the figure is the element in row 0, column 0.

[0074] In a possible embodiment of the present application, W n The p-th row and q-th column elements are non-zero elements, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1}, then p and q satisfy:

[0075] (N y -p-1+q)%N=n. (Formula 6)

[0076] Please refer to Figure 3. The non-zero elements in the three sub-precoding matrices shown in Figure 3 all satisfy Formula 6. For example, the dimensions of the three sub-precoding matrices shown in Figure 3 are all 8 rows and 6 columns, that is, N y =8, N x =6; the element in the 0th row and 2nd column of W0 is a non-zero element, satisfying: (8-0-1+2)%3=0; the element in the 0th row and 0th column of W1 is a non-zero element, satisfying: (8-0-1+0)%3=1; the element in the 0th row and 1st column of W2 is a non-zero element, satisfying: (8-0-1+1)%3=2.

[0077] In a possible embodiment of the present application, W n The p-th row and q-th column elements are non-zero elements, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1}, then p and q satisfy:

[0078] (p+q)%N=n. (Formula 7)

[0079] Please refer to Figure 4B . The nonzero elements in the two sub-precoding matrices shown in Figure 4B all satisfy Equation 7. The two sub-precoding matrices in Figure 4B can be viewed as 1*12 row matrices. The elements in row 0 and columns 0 / 2 / 4 / 6 / 8 / 9 / 10 of W0 satisfy (p+q)%N=n, where N=2, n=0, p=0, and q=0 / 2 / 4 / 6 / 8 / 9 / 10. The elements in row 0 and columns 1 / 3 / 5 / 7 / 9 / 11 of W1 satisfy (p+q)%N=n, where N=2, n=1, p=0, and q=1 / 3 / 5 / 7 / 9 / 11.

[0080] It can be understood that the matrix W in FIG4B can be used to configure the precoding of a one-dimensional linear array. The matrix W is a column vector, and the subvector W of W is constructed. n The positions of the non-zero elements of satisfy the constraint i%N=n, where i represents the position index of the antenna unit, N is the number of sub-vectors, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, % is the remainder operator, and the positions that do not satisfy the constraint are zero elements. The matrix W shown in Figure 4B is a one-dimensional precoding matrix containing 12 elements. The precoding matrix W can be decomposed into two sub-vectors W0 and W1, that is, W=W0+W1, where adjacent non-zero elements in W0 and W1 are separated by a zero element, and the non-zero elements in W0 and W1 appear alternately in W. It can be found that the sub-vectors W0 and W1 are orthogonal vectors, that is, The superscript T indicates transpose.

[0081] It is understandable that the construction of the precoding matrix may include the following methods:

[0082] In the first method, N sub-precoding matrices are weighted and added together to obtain a precoding matrix.

[0083] That is, the precoding matrix W can be determined according to the following formula:

[0084] Where W represents the precoding matrix, n represents the sequence number of the sub-precoding matrix, and W n represents the nth sub-precoding matrix among N sub-precoding matrices, a n represents the weight coefficient of the nth sub-precoding matrix among N sub-precoding matrices, where n∈{0,1,…,N-1}.

[0085] In one embodiment, a n It can be determined according to the following formula:

[0086] Among them, θ n Denotes the preset phase offset corresponding to the nth sub-precoding matrix, where n∈{0,1,…,N-1}. The precoding matrix obtained by weighting and summing the sub-precoding matrices using optimal weighting coefficients can suppress sidelobe power and further improve main beam gain.

[0087] In another embodiment, a n = 1. This is equivalent to directly adding the N sub-precoding matrices to obtain the precoding matrix. For example, in the examples shown in Figure 3, Figure 4A, or Figure 4B, the sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2 are directly added to obtain the precoding matrix W.

[0088] In the second manner, the first operation is performed on each of the N sub-precoding matrices, and a weighted sum of the N sub-precoding matrices after the first operation is performed is performed to obtain a precoding matrix.

[0089] The first operation includes a flip operation or a rotation operation.

[0090] Exemplarily, the flipping operation includes one of the following: flipping along a vertical axis, flipping along a horizontal axis, or flipping along a diagonal line.

[0091] Exemplarily, the rotation operation includes one of the following: clockwise rotation or counterclockwise rotation.

[0092] The precoding matrix W can be determined according to the following formula:

[0093] Where W represents the precoding matrix, n represents the sequence number of the sub-precoding matrix, and W′ n represents the matrix obtained after the first operation of the nth sub-precoding matrix, a n represents the weight coefficient of the nth sub-precoding matrix among N sub-precoding matrices, where n∈{0,1,…,N-1}.

[0094] In one embodiment, a n It can be determined according to the following formula:

[0095] Among them, θ n Denotes the preset phase offset corresponding to the nth sub-precoding matrix, where n∈{0,1,…,N-1}. By weighted summing of the sub-precoding matrices, sidelobe power can be suppressed, further improving the main beam gain.

[0096] In another embodiment, a n =1, which is equivalent to presetting the same phase offset for each sub-precoding matrix. In this case, it is equivalent to directly adding the N sub-precoding matrices after the first operation to obtain the precoding matrix.

[0097] Referring to Figure 5 , the sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2 in Figure 5 are obtained by flipping the sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2 in Figure 3 along their respective vertical axes. The precoding matrix W shown in Figure 5 is obtained by adding the sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2 obtained after flipping along their vertical axes.

[0098] It can be understood that after selecting any one of Formulas 5-7 to determine the position of the non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrix, and then performing the same flipping or rotation operation on each sub-precoding matrix, the final precoding matrix still conforms to the precoding form adopted by the antenna multi-beam control method provided in the embodiment of the present application.

[0099] It can be understood that the values ​​of the non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrix are determined by the antenna spacing of the antenna array, the carrier wavelength, the row index and column index of the non-zero elements, and the main beam direction preset in the sub-precoding matrix.

[0100] Exemplarily, the element in the p-th row and q-th column of the n-th sub-precoding matrix among the N sub-precoding matrices is a non-zero element. Then, the value of the non-zero element can be determined by the following formula:

[0101] Where n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, j is the imaginary unit, Ψ ny and Ψ nx are preset values ​​determined by the antenna spacing of the antenna array, the carrier wavelength, and the main beam direction preset by the sub-precoding matrix. It should be noted that the multi-beam precoding proposed in this application can preset multiple main beam directions for determining the non-zero element value Ψ of the nth sub-precoding matrix ny and Ψ nx Determined by the nth preset main beam direction.

[0102] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the precoding matrix W can be split into N sub-precoding matrices, wherein the nth sub-precoding matrix W n The element in row p and column q of is determined by the following formula:

[0103] Among them, N x Indicates the number of columns contained in the nth sub-precoding matrix, p represents the row index of the element, q represents the column index of the element, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1},Ψ ny and Ψ nx They are preset values ​​determined by the antenna spacing of the antenna array, the carrier wavelength, and the main beam direction preset by the sub-precoding matrix.

[0104] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the precoding matrix W can be split into N sub-precoding matrices, wherein the nth sub-precoding matrix W n The element in row p and column q of is determined by the following formula:

[0105] Among them, N y Indicates the number of rows contained in the nth sub-precoding matrix, p represents the row index of the element, q represents the column index of the element, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1},Ψny and Ψ nx They are preset values ​​determined by the antenna spacing of the antenna array, the carrier wavelength, and the main beam direction preset by the sub-precoding matrix.

[0106] In a possible embodiment of the present application, the precoding matrix W can be split into N sub-precoding matrices, wherein the nth sub-precoding matrix W n The element in row p and column q of is determined by the following formula:

[0107] Among them, p represents the row index of the element, q represents the column index of the element, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1},Ψ ny and Ψ nx are preset values ​​determined by the antenna spacing of the antenna array, the carrier wavelength, and the nth main beam direction preset by the sub-precoding matrix.

[0108] In one application scenario, the nth sub-precoding matrix corresponds to a preset main beam direction (θ n ,φ n ), then Ψ nx =kd x sinθ n cosφ n ,Ψ ny =kd y sinθ n sinφ n , where θ n is the inclination angle in the spherical coordinate system, φ n is the azimuth angle in the spherical coordinate system, k is the wave number, which is determined by the wavelength of the carrier, and dx and dy are the vibrator spacings of the antenna array in the first and second directions, respectively, which are determined by the antenna design parameters.

[0109] It can be understood that two adjacent non-zero elements in any row of the sub-precoding matrix have the same phase difference, and two adjacent non-zero elements in any column have the same phase difference.

[0110] For example, the phase difference between two adjacent non-zero elements in any row of the nth submatrix is ​​△Wx, and the phase difference between two adjacent non-zero elements in any column is △Wy. It should be noted that △Wx and △Wy are generally not equal, but in special cases, they can be equal. For example, according to formula 13, △Wx = |NΨ nx |, △Wy=|NΨ ny |.

[0111] It is understandable that the phase of the non-zero element can be determined according to its own row and column index value and the preset main beam direction. n The p-th row and q-th column element can be calculated based on its own row index p, column index q and the sub-precoding matrix W n The preset main beam direction is determined.

[0112] It can be understood that the main beam direction may be a combination of a tilt angle and an azimuth angle in a spherical coordinate system, or a combination of a horizontal angle and a pitch angle.

[0113] It can be understood that the N sub-precoding matrices correspond to N main beam directions.

[0114] It can be understood that the modulus value of each non-zero element is 1.

[0115] Specifically, the sub-precoding matrix W n The modulus values ​​of the non-zero elements in are all 1. Since the non-zero elements of each sub-matrix are not co-located, the modulus value of each element in the final precoding matrix W obtained by adding all sub-matrices is 1. Therefore, it can be guaranteed that the obtained precoding has a constant mode characteristic. When using this precoding to configure an array antenna, there is no need to add a special amplifier, which can simplify the antenna design and reduce hardware costs.

[0116] In the embodiment of the present application, each element in the precoding matrix corresponds to an antenna element of the antenna array. Step S120, controlling the antenna array to transmit a beam according to the precoding matrix, may specifically include the following sub-steps:

[0117] Step S121: determining the beam amplitude of the corresponding antenna element according to the modulus value of the element in the precoding matrix;

[0118] Step S122: determining the beam phase of the corresponding antenna element according to the phase of the element in the precoding matrix;

[0119] Step S123: Control the corresponding antenna element to transmit a beam signal according to the amplitude and phase of the elements in the precoding matrix.

[0120] In one possible embodiment of the present application, a precoding matrix W is used to configure a linear antenna array. Please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a linear antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, the linear antenna array is composed of eight antenna elements arranged at equal intervals, and the antenna elements are numbered 0-7 from left to right. The precoding matrix W applicable to the antenna array shown in Figure 6 can be split into two sub-precoding matrices W0 and W1, and the following conditions are satisfied:

[0121] (1) The modulus of all non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrix W0 and the sub-precoding matrix W1 is 1;

[0122] (2) There is one zero element between any two adjacent non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrix W0 and the sub-precoding matrix W1;

[0123] (3) The phase difference between two adjacent non-zero elements in each row of the sub-precoding matrix W0 and the sub-precoding matrix W1 is a fixed value, and the phase difference between two adjacent non-zero elements in each column is a fixed value;

[0124] (4) The non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrix W0 are not co-located with the non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrix W1. The non-co-location described here means that the index of any non-zero element in the sub-precoding matrix W0 is different from the index of all non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrix W1.

[0125] In one case, the sub-precoding matrix W0 contains 4 non-zero elements, the sub-precoding matrix W1 also contains 4 non-zero elements, and W0=[W 0,0 ,0,W 0,2 ,0,W 0,4 ,0,W 0,6 ,0],W1=[0,W 1,1 ,0,W 1,3 ,0,W 1,5 ,0,W 1,7 ], that is, the four non-zero elements of the sub-precoding matrix W0 are W 0,0 、W 0,2 、W 0,4 and W 0.6 , used to configure the precoding of antenna elements 0, 2, 3, and 6 of the array, and the four non-zero elements of the sub-precoding matrix W1 are W 1,1 、W 1,3 、W 1,5 and W 1,7 , used to configure antenna units 1, 3, 5, and 7 of the array, as shown in Figure 6.

[0126] Assuming that the main beam direction corresponding to the sub-precoding matrix W0 is θ0 = 15°, φ0 = 0°, and the main beam direction corresponding to the sub-precoding matrix W1 is θ1 = 15°, φ1 = 180°, then according to formula (11), a feasible multi-beam precoding sub-matrix can be obtained as: W0 = [e j194.452° ,0,e j287.627° ,0,e j20.802° ,0,e j113.976° ,0], W1=[0,e j113.976° ,0,e j20.802° ,0,e j287.627° ,0,e j194.452° ], W=W0+W1=[e j194.452° ,e j113.976° ,ej287.627° ,e j20.802° ,e j20.802° ,e j287.627° ,e j113.976° ,e j194.452° ]

[0127] The absolute value of the phase difference between two adjacent non-zero elements in W0 and W1 is 93.175°, and the modulus value of each element in the resulting precoding matrix W is 1. Using this precoding matrix to configure the linear array shown in Figure 6, four beams can be obtained, as shown in Figure 7. The four beams are located in symmetrical positions on both sides of the array normal. Therefore, the method proposed in this application can achieve multi-beam control of the antenna array while satisfying the precoding constant modulus constraint.

[0128] In another possible embodiment of the present application, the precoding matrix W is used to configure a two-dimensional planar antenna array. Assume that the two-dimensional antenna array is composed of 16 rows and 16 columns of antenna elements arranged at equal intervals. Please refer to Figure 8, which is a schematic diagram of a precoding matrix suitable for configuring a two-dimensional antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application. The precoding matrix W for configuring the antenna array shown in Figure 8 can be split into three precoding sub-matrices W0, W1, and W2, and satisfies:

[0129] (1) The modulus of all non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2 is 1;

[0130] (2) There are two zero elements between any two adjacent non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2;

[0131] (3) The phase difference between two adjacent non-zero elements in each row of the sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2 is a fixed value, and the phase difference between two adjacent non-zero elements in each column is also a fixed value; the adjacent non-zero elements refer to the two nearest non-zero elements in the same row or column in the matrix.

[0132] (4) The non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2 are not co-located, so we have where the operator Represents the Hadamard product.

[0133] The positions of the non-zero elements in W0, W1, and W2 in Figure 8 are determined as follows:

[0134] For any index p and q, where p∈{0,1,…,15} and q∈{0,1,…,15}, if (p+q)%3=0, then the element in the p-th row and q-th column of the sub-precoding matrix W0 is non-zero; if (p+q)%3=1, then the element in the p-th row and q-th column of the sub-precoding matrix W1 is non-zero; and if (p+q)%3=2, then the element in the p-th row and q-th column of the sub-precoding matrix W2 is non-zero. The resulting positions of the non-zero elements in W0, W1, and W2 are shown in Figure 8.

[0135] Given three main beam directions (θ0, φ0), (θ1, φ1), and (θ2, φ2), and selecting formula (11), formula (12), or formula (13), the sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2 can be calculated, and the three sub-precoding matrices are added / weighted together to synthesize the precoding matrix W used to configure the antenna array.

[0136] Alternatively, given three main beam directions (θ0, φ0), (θ1, φ1), and (θ2, φ2), and selecting formula (11), formula (12), or formula (13), the sub-precoding matrices W0, W1, and W2 can be calculated, and after the three sub-precoding matrices are flipped / rotated simultaneously, the three sub-precoding matrices are added / weighted together to synthesize the precoding matrix W used to configure the antenna array.

[0137] For example, based on the given main beam directions (θ0=45°, φ0=0), (θ1=25°, φ1=0°), and (θ2=9°, φ2=0°), the corresponding sub-precoding matrix is ​​obtained using formula (13), and then the three sub-precoding matrices are added together to obtain the precoding matrix W. The simulation results of the beam transmitted by the antenna array using the precoding matrix W are shown in FIG9. It can be seen that the precoding matrix W can realize beams in three preset directions under the constant modulus constraint.

[0138] The solution of the embodiment of the present application uses a precoding matrix to control the array's transmitted signal to achieve beamforming in multiple directions and form multiple directional beams. The precoding matrix is ​​obtained by adding N sub-precoding matrices of the same dimension, and the non-zero elements in any two of the N sub-precoding matrices are not in the same position, and the modulus values ​​of all non-zero elements are equal. Obtaining a precoding matrix in this way can not only solve the problem of array antennas generating multiple beams in wireless communications, but also solve the problem of non-constant modulus power of each antenna element in multi-beam precoding, and can achieve higher antenna gain.

[0139] It is understood that the above embodiments describe the precoding matrix designed in the multi-beam steering method proposed in this application as being split into multiple sub-precoding matrices. In practice, the multiple sub-precoding matrices can also be understood as dividing the elements in the precoding matrix into multiple groups, where each group consists of elements at specific positions in the precoding matrix, and the values ​​of the elements in each group are calculated according to specific rules.

[0140] The process of constructing the precoding matrix may include the following steps S310-S320:

[0141] Step S310: construct an initial precoding matrix.

[0142] It is understandable that the dimension of the precoding matrix is ​​related to the arrangement of the antenna elements in the antenna array. y Row N x Column arrangement, then the dimension of the precoding matrix can be configured as N y Row N x Column, can also be configured as N x Row N y Column. N x 、N y are integers greater than or equal to 1.

[0143] Step S320: Determine the value of each element in the precoding matrix.

[0144] It can be understood that each element in the precoding matrix is ​​a non-zero element, and the value of each element in the precoding matrix can be determined through the following steps S321-S322.

[0145] Step S321: Divide the elements in the precoding matrix into N groups according to a preset rule, where N is an integer greater than 1.

[0146] It should be noted that the value of N can be determined based on the number of main beams transmitted by the antenna array. For example, in some cases, the antenna array is required to simultaneously transmit two main beams in different directions, in which case N can be set to 2; in other cases, the antenna array is required to simultaneously transmit three main beams in different directions, in which case N can be set to 3. It should be noted that the number of beams generated by the precoding designed using the method proposed in this application can be greater than the number of preset main beams. For example, in some cases, two main beam directions are preset, and the designed precoding matrix can generate beams in four different directions.

[0147] The grouping of elements in the precoding matrix can be achieved in the following ways:

[0148] In the first method, for the element in the pth row and qth column of the precoding matrix, its corresponding group can be determined by the following formula:

[0149] n=(N x -p-1+q)%N; (Formula 14)

[0150] Among them, n represents the group number corresponding to the element in the p-th row and q-th column of the precoding matrix, N x Indicates the number of columns in the precoding matrix, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1}.

[0151] Please refer to FIG10A , the dimension of the precoding matrix W shown in FIG10A is 8 rows and 6 columns, that is, N x =6, assuming that the elements of the precoding matrix W need to be divided into 3 groups, that is, N = 3. Then, according to Formula 14, the group number corresponding to the element in the 0th row and 0th column of the precoding matrix W is 2, the group number corresponding to the element in the 0th row and 1st column is 0, and the group number corresponding to the element in the 0th row and 2nd column is 1. And so on, the grouping of all elements in the precoding matrix W can be determined.

[0152] In the second method, for the element in the pth row and qth column of the precoding matrix, its corresponding group can be determined by the following formula:

[0153] n=(N y -p-1+q)%N; (Formula 15)

[0154] Among them, n represents the group number corresponding to the element in the p-th row and q-th column of the precoding matrix, N y Indicates the number of rows in the precoding matrix, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1}.

[0155] Please refer to FIG10B . The dimension of the precoding matrix W shown in FIG10B is 8 rows and 6 columns, that is, N y =8, assuming that the elements of the precoding matrix W need to be divided into 3 groups, that is, N = 3. Then, according to Formula 15, the group number corresponding to the element in row 0 and column 0 in the precoding matrix W is 1, the group number corresponding to the element in row 0 and column 1 is 2, and the group number corresponding to the element in row 0 and column 2 is 0. This can be deduced by analogy to determine the grouping of all elements in the precoding matrix W.

[0156] In the third method, for the element in the pth row and qth column of the precoding matrix, its corresponding group can be determined by the following formula:

[0157] n=(p+q)%N;(Formula 16)

[0158] Where n represents the group number corresponding to the element in the p-th row and q-th column of the precoding matrix, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1}.

[0159] Please refer to Figure 10C. The precoding matrix W shown in Figure 10C is a 1*12 row matrix. It is assumed that the elements of the precoding matrix W need to be divided into 2 groups, that is, N=2. Then, according to Formula 16, the group number corresponding to the element in the 0th row and 0th column of the precoding matrix W is 0, the group number corresponding to the element in the 0th row and 1st column is 1, and the group number corresponding to the element in the 0th row and 2nd column is 0. And so on, the grouping of all elements in the precoding matrix W can be determined.

[0160] Step S322: Determine the value of each element in the precoding matrix according to the grouping corresponding to the element.

[0161] Specifically, the value of an element can be determined according to the following formula:

[0162] Among them, n represents the group number corresponding to the element, p represents the row index of the element, q represents the column index of the element, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1}, j is the imaginary unit, Ψ ny and Ψ nx are preset values ​​determined by the antenna spacing of the antenna array, the carrier wavelength, and the nth main beam direction preset by the sub-precoding matrix.

[0163] It should be noted that the precoding matrix obtained through the above steps S310-S320 meets the following conditions:

[0164] (1) The modulus values ​​of all elements in the precoding matrix are equal, for example, the modulus values ​​of all elements are 1;

[0165] (2) For each row in the precoding matrix, there are N-1 other group elements between two adjacent elements in the same group; for each column in the precoding matrix, there are also N-1 other group elements between two adjacent elements in the same group;

[0166] (3) For each row in the precoding matrix, the phase difference between two adjacent elements in the same group is a fixed value; for each column in the precoding matrix, the phase difference between two adjacent elements in the same group is also a fixed value.

[0167] It is understood that each element in the precoding matrix can be used to configure the amplitude and phase of at least one antenna element in the array. Configuring appropriate precoding for the array enables the array to transmit a beam in a specified direction, achieving directional signal transmission. In some cases, the dimensions of the precoding matrix can be the same as the dimensions of the antenna array, with each element in the precoding matrix corresponding to the precoding of one antenna element.

[0168] The phase difference is the difference between the arguments of two elements. For example, an element of group n is The adjacent elements of the same group are Where pq and ps are the indices of the elements, q≠s, and j is the imaginary unit. Then the phase difference between the two non-zero elements is Δθ=|θ pq -θ ps |, since the argument is periodic, the phase difference can also be defined as Δθ=|θ pq -θ ps +2π|.

[0169] It can be understood that after determining the values ​​of all elements in the precoding matrix, the target precoding matrix can be obtained. Each element in the target precoding matrix configures at least one antenna unit of the antenna array. The target precoding matrix can be used to control the antenna array transmission beam, realize multi-beam transmission of the array antenna in wireless communication, and solve the problem of non-constant modulus power of each antenna element in multi-beam precoding.

[0170] In some possible embodiments, after determining the values ​​of all elements in the precoding matrix, a first operation is performed on the precoding matrix, and the precoding matrix after the first operation is used as a target precoding matrix. Each element in the target precoding matrix configures at least one antenna unit of the antenna array. The target precoding matrix can be used to control the antenna array transmission beam, realize multi-beam transmission of the array antenna in wireless communication, and solve the problem of non-constant modulus power of each antenna element in multi-beam precoding.

[0171] The first operation includes: a flip operation or a rotation operation.

[0172] Exemplarily, the flipping operation includes one of the following: flipping along a vertical axis, flipping along a horizontal axis, or flipping along a diagonal line.

[0173] Exemplarily, the rotation operation includes one of the following: clockwise rotation or counterclockwise rotation.

[0174] An embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, as shown in Figure 11, the electronic device 1400 includes: one or more processors 1410; a memory 1420, on which one or more programs are stored. When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors 1410, the one or more processors 1410 implement the antenna multi-beam control method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0175] The memory 1420 is a non-transient network system that can be used to store non-transient software programs and non-transient computer executable programs. In addition, the memory 1420 may include a high-speed random access memory and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, the memory 1420 may optionally include a memory 1420 remotely located relative to the processor 1410, and these remote memories 1420 may be connected to the processor 1410 via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0176] The memory 1420 can be implemented in the form of a read-only memory (ROM), a static storage device, a dynamic storage device, or a random access memory (RAM). The memory 1420 can store an operating system and other application programs. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented through software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 1420 and is called by the processor 1410 to execute the methods of the embodiments of this application.

[0177] The processor 1410 can be implemented using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0178] In some embodiments, the electronic device further comprises:

[0179] Input / output interface, used to realize information input and output;

[0180] Communication interface, used to realize communication interaction between this device and other devices, which can be achieved through wired means (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc.);

[0181] A bus that transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., the processor 1410, memory 1420, input / output interfaces, and communication interfaces);

[0182] The processor 1410 , the memory 1420 , the input / output interface, and the communication interface can be communicatively connected to each other within the device via a bus.

[0183] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, wherein the computer-executable instructions are used to execute the antenna multi-beam control method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0184] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program or computer instructions, which are stored in a computer-readable storage medium. A processor of a computer device reads the computer program or computer instructions from the computer-readable storage medium, and the processor executes the computer program or computer instructions, so that the computer device executes the antenna multi-beam control method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0185] The system architecture and application scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that with the evolution of the system architecture and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0186] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above-mentioned methods. Among them, any reference to memory, storage, database or other media used in the embodiments provided in this application can include non-volatile and / or volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM) or flash memory. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous link (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

[0187] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or some of the steps and systems in the method disclosed above can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, and appropriate combinations thereof. Some physical components or all physical components can be implemented as software executed by a processor, such as a central processing unit, a digital signal processor, or a microprocessor, or implemented as hardware, or implemented as an integrated circuit, such as an application-specific integrated circuit. Such software can be distributed on a computer-readable medium, and the computer-readable medium can include computer storage media (or non-transitory media) and communication media (or temporary media). As known to those skilled in the art, the term computer storage media is included in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data) and is volatile and non-volatile, removable, and non-removable. Computer storage media includes, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory, or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD), or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tapes, disk storage, or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and can be accessed by a computer. Furthermore, as is well known to those skilled in the art, communication media typically embodies computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and may include any information delivery media.

[0188] The above description of some embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings does not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the present invention shall be within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling antenna multi-beams, the method comprising: Obtaining a precoding matrix of a preconstructed antenna array, wherein the precoding matrix is ​​obtained by weighted summation of N sub-precoding matrices, the N sub-precoding matrices have the same dimension, non-zero elements in any two of the sub-precoding matrices are not in the same position, and moduli of all the non-zero elements are equal; The antenna array transmits a beam according to a precoding matrix.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: At least one row or one column in the sub-precoding matrix has N-1 consecutive zero elements.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The N sub-precoding matrices are in a sequential relationship, each of the sub-precoding matrices has a corresponding sequence number, and the position of the non-zero element in the sub-precoding matrix is ​​determined by the sequence number of the sub-precoding matrix and the number N of sub-precoding matrices.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein: The non-zero elements of the nth sub-precoding matrix in the N sub-precoding matrices are determined by the following steps: For an element in the p-th row and the q-th column in the n-th sub-precoding matrix, determine a first value according to p and q, modulo the first value and N to obtain a second value, and when the second value is equal to n, determine that the element in the p-th row and the q-th column in the n-th sub-precoding matrix is ​​a non-zero element; Wherein, n represents the serial number of the sub-precoding matrix, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: The first value is determined by one of the following formulas: i=N x -p-1+q; or, i=N y -p-1+q; or, i=p+q; Wherein, i represents the first value, N y represents the number of rows contained in the nth sub-precoding matrix, N x represents the number of columns contained in the nth sub-precoding matrix, p represents the row index, q represents the column index, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1}.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The construction process of the precoding matrix includes: Performing weighted summation on the N sub-precoding matrices to obtain the precoding matrix; The weight coefficient of the nth sub-precoding matrix in the N sub-precoding matrices is a n ; θ n represents the preset phase offset corresponding to the nth sub-precoding matrix, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The construction process of the precoding matrix includes: Performing a first operation on the N sub-precoding matrices respectively, and weighted summing the N sub-precoding matrices after the first operation to obtain the precoding matrix; Wherein, the first operation includes a flip operation or a rotation operation; The weight coefficient of the nth sub-precoding matrix in the N sub-precoding matrices is a n ; θ n represents the preset phase offset corresponding to the nth sub-precoding matrix, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: The flipping operation includes one of the following: flipping along a vertical axis, flipping along a horizontal axis, or flipping along a diagonal line; The rotation operation includes one of the following: clockwise rotation or counterclockwise rotation.

9. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The values ​​of the non-zero elements in the sub-precoding matrix are determined by the antenna spacing of the antenna array, the carrier wavelength, the row index of the non-zero elements, the column index of the non-zero elements, and the main beam direction preset in the sub-precoding matrix.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: The element in the p-th row and q-th column of the n-th sub-precoding matrix of the N sub-precoding matrices is a non-zero element, and the value of the non-zero element is determined by the following formula: Among them, n∈{0,1,…,N-1}, p∈{0,1,…,N y -1},q∈{0,1,…,N x -1}, j is the imaginary unit, Ψ ny and nx They are preset values ​​determined by the antenna spacing of the antenna array, the carrier wavelength and the main beam direction preset by the sub-precoding matrix.

11. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Two adjacent non-zero elements in any row of the sub-precoding matrix have the same phase difference, and two adjacent non-zero elements in any column have the same phase difference.

12. The method according to claim 11, wherein: The phase of the non-zero element is determined according to its own row and column index value and a preset main beam direction.

13. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The modulus value of each of the non-zero elements is 1.

14. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The value of N is determined according to the preset number of main transmitting beams of the antenna array.

15. The method according to claim 1, wherein: Each element in the precoding matrix is ​​used to configure at least one antenna element of the antenna array; and controlling the antenna array transmit beam according to the precoding matrix comprises: Determine the beam amplitude of the corresponding antenna unit according to the modulus value of the element in the precoding matrix; Determine the beam phase of the corresponding antenna element according to the phase of the element in the precoding matrix; The corresponding antenna unit is controlled to transmit a beam signal according to the beam amplitude and the beam phase.

16. An electronic device, comprising: one or more processors; A memory having one or more programs stored thereon, wherein when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the antenna multi-beam control method as described in any one of claims 1-15.

17. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the program is executed by a processor, the antenna multi-beam control method according to any one of claims 1 to 15 is implemented.

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