Channel information determination method and apparatus, and readable storage medium

Abstract

A channel information determination method and apparatus, and a readable storage medium, which relate to the technical field of communications and are used for improving the accuracy of acquired channel information. A terminal apparatus receives K1 first signals from a first satellite apparatus. On the basis of a first phase offset value and some or all of the K1 first signals, the terminal apparatus determines channel information between the first satellite apparatus and the terminal apparatus. A phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value, and the first phase offset value is associated with the value of a frequency offset that occurs when the signals of the first satellite apparatus are transmitted to the terminal apparatus. According to said scheme, when the terminal apparatus performs channel estimation, the influence of the frequency offset of the signals on the precision of channel estimation can be reduced by means of setting the first phase offset value, so that the accuracy of channel information obtained by means of channel estimation can be improved.

Description

Channel information determination method, device and readable storage medium

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on November 29, 2023, with application number 202311626703.0 and application name “A method, device and readable storage medium for determining channel information”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a method and device for determining channel information and a readable storage medium. Background Art

[0004] To achieve truly seamless global network coverage, the fifth generation (5G) mobile network proposes the construction of non-terrestrial networks (NTN). In recent years, low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites located between 200 kilometers (km) and 2000 km above the ground have attracted widespread attention from academia and industry. In recent years, some companies have planned to build giant LEO constellations, including thousands or even tens of thousands of LEO satellites. As the size of satellite constellations increases, more than one satellite will be within the visual range of user equipment (UE). Single-satellite transmission has limited impact on system capacity. To effectively increase the capacity of areas with overlapping satellite coverage, satellite systems are gradually evolving from single-satellite transmission to multi-satellite coordinated transmission.

[0005] In multi-satellite coordinated transmission, multiple satellite devices can communicate with UEs. For example, the corresponding time-frequency resources of signals transmitted by multiple satellite devices may overlap when they reach the UE. However, due to the long communication distance between the satellite devices and the UE, the signals transmitted between different satellite devices and the UE may be subject to significant interference, which in turn may cause the channel information obtained based on these heavily interfered signals (such as channel information obtained through channel estimation) to be inaccurate. Inaccurate channel information will lead to poor anti-interference capability of subsequent signal transmissions between the satellite device and the terminal, which in turn will lead to a decrease in system throughput performance. Based on this, how to improve the accuracy of the obtained channel information has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a channel information determination method, device, and readable storage medium for improving the accuracy of acquired channel information.

[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining channel information, which can be performed by a terminal device. The terminal device can be a terminal device or a chip (or chip system) inside the terminal device.

[0008] In this solution, a terminal device receives K1 first signals from a first satellite device. K1 is a positive integer greater than 1. The phase offset between two adjacent first signals in the time domain among the K1 first signals is a first phase offset value. The first phase offset value is associated with the frequency offset incurred when the signal from the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device. The terminal device determines the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the first phase offset value and some or all of the K1 first signals.

[0009] Since the phase offset value between two adjacent first signals in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value, and since the first phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, the terminal device can reduce the impact of the frequency offset of the signal on the channel estimation accuracy by setting the first phase offset value when performing channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained through channel estimation.

[0010] For example, the phase of some or all of the K1 first signals can be adjusted so that when channel estimation is subsequently performed based on some or all of the K1 first signals, the interference part in the channel estimation formula can be reduced or eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel estimation, and then improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained through channel estimation.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a terminal device may receive signals from N satellite devices on the same time-frequency resources. N is an integer greater than 2. For example, the time-frequency resources occupied by signals transmitted by any two of the N satellite devices may or may not overlap at the transmitting end. However, the time-frequency resources corresponding to the signals from each of the N satellite devices when they arrive at the terminal device include a first time-frequency resource, which is a subset or the entire set of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K1 first signals when they arrive at the terminal device.

[0012] It can also be understood that after the signals of N satellite devices are transmitted, due to transmission delay and frequency offset of the signals during the transmission process, the corresponding time-frequency resources after the signals of the N satellite devices are transmitted to the terminal device may overlap (or the time-frequency resources occupied by the signals of the N satellite devices at the receiving end at least partially overlap). In this way, there may be interference between the signals of the N satellite devices.

[0013] For example, if the first satellite device and the second satellite device both belong to the N satellite devices, the terminal device further receives K2 second signals from the second satellite device, where K2 is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the first phase offset value is associated with a first frequency difference, where the first frequency difference is the difference in frequency offsets between the first satellite device's signal and the second satellite device's signal when they are respectively transmitted to the terminal device. Because the second satellite device's signal may interfere with the first satellite device's signal, and because the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference, the first phase offset value can be set to account for the impact of the frequency offset of the second satellite device's signal during transmission on the first satellite device's signal. Consequently, the first phase offset value can be more reasonably set, and interference from the second satellite device's signal can be better eliminated during subsequent channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0015] In another possible implementation, the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, and the first frequency difference are associated, and the second phase offset value is the phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among the K2 second signals transmitted by the second satellite apparatus. The second phase offset value may be zero or non-zero. Because the setting of the first phase offset value can take into account the impact of the frequency offset of the signal of the second satellite apparatus during transmission on the signal of the first satellite apparatus, the setting of the first phase offset value can be more reasonable. Consequently, during the subsequent channel estimation process, interference caused by the signal of the second satellite apparatus can be better eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0016] For example, the first phase offset value is φ1; the second phase offset value is φ2, β D1,2 is the difference in phase offset between the first satellite device's signal and the second satellite device's signal when transmitted to the terminal device, π is a constant, q1 is a positive integer, and N is the number of satellite devices communicating with the terminal device. In one possible implementation, q1 is an odd number. Based on this formula, interference from the second satellite device's signal can be better eliminated during subsequent channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of channel information.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the terminal device transmits information indicating a first frequency difference, where the first frequency difference is used to determine a first phase offset value. Thus, the first satellite device may determine the first frequency difference based on the information indicating the first frequency difference, and then determine the first phase offset value based on the first frequency difference.

[0018] In another possible implementation, the terminal device transmits its location information, which is used to determine a first phase offset value. In this manner, the first satellite device can determine the first phase offset value based on the terminal device's location information. The first phase offset value can also be subsequently updated as the terminal device's location information is updated. This solution can further improve the first phase offset value determined by the solution and, in subsequent channel estimation, can better eliminate interference from the second satellite device's signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0019] In one possible implementation, a terminal device receives information indicating a first phase offset value and determines the first phase offset value based on the information indicating the first phase offset value. In this solution, the terminal device can receive the information indicating the first phase offset value and, based on the first phase offset value, can better eliminate interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device during a subsequent channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0020] In another possible implementation, the terminal device obtains the first frequency difference and determines the first phase offset value based on the first frequency difference. In this solution, the terminal device can calculate the first phase offset value by itself, which can reduce signaling overhead.

[0021] In one possible implementation, at least one of the following parameters is adjustable: the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, the value of K1, or the value of K2. Adjusting these parameters can better eliminate interference during subsequent channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of channel information.

[0022] In one possible implementation, K1 first signals are transmitted by a first satellite apparatus over K1 time units, and K2 second signals are transmitted by a second satellite apparatus over K2 time units. The value of K2 and / or the value of K1 are associated with a first time difference, which is determined based on the difference between the time at which the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal apparatus. The number of time units occupied by the signals transmitted by the first satellite apparatus and / or the number of time units occupied by the signals transmitted by the second satellite apparatus can be associated with the time difference. Thus, by adjusting the values ​​of K1 and / or K2, interference can be better eliminated during subsequent channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of channel information.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the terminal device may receive information indicating K1 time units and / or information indicating K2 time units. In this way, the terminal device may receive signals in corresponding time units.

[0024] In one possible implementation, when the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration occupied by the CP: K1 is equal to or greater than N, and / or K2 is equal to or greater than N, where N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device. In another possible implementation, when the first time difference is greater than the duration occupied by the CP, and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of a time unit: K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1), and / or K2 is equal to or greater than (N+1). In this way, the values ​​of K1 and / or K2 can be determined based on the difference between the times when the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal device, and then the settings of the values ​​of K1 and / or K2 can be more reasonable, thereby avoiding the situation where the number of time units occupied by the signal is small. By setting the values ​​of K1 and / or K2, interference can be better eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0025] The first time unit of the K1 time units and the first time unit of the K2 time units may have no offset, or be understood as having an offset of zero. For example, an offset is included between the unit and the first time unit of the K2 time units, and the offset is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. By adjusting the offset, the difference between the time when the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal device can be adjusted, and then the difference can be adjusted to a more reasonable range, and then the value of K1 and / or K2 can be set to better eliminate interference in the subsequent channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0026] The start transmission time of the K1 first signals and the start transmission time of the K2 second signals can be the same or different. For example, the difference between the start transmission time of the K1 first signals and the start transmission time of the K2 second signals is the second time difference, and the second time difference is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. By adjusting the second time difference, the difference between the time when the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal device can be adjusted, and then the difference can be adjusted to a more reasonable range. Then, by setting the values ​​of K1 and / or K2, interference can be better eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information. In this solution, there may be an offset or no offset between the first time unit of the K1 time unit and the K2 time unit. For example, the K1 time unit and the K2 time unit can both be the first three symbols in time slot #1.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the K1 first signals include K3 first signals, K3 is a positive integer less than or equal to K1, and the time-frequency resources corresponding to each of the K3 first signals when arriving at the terminal device are a subset or a full set of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K2 second signals when arriving at the terminal device. The terminal device can determine the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the K3 first signals. It can also be understood that any one of the K3 first signals is interfered with by the signal from the second satellite device during transmission, and then the interference from the second satellite device to the K3 first signals can present a certain regularity, and then the interference can be better eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process based on the regularity, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the terminal device determines a correction value corresponding to a first signal among the K3 first signals based on the phase of the first signal. The terminal device determines channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the K3 first signals and the correction value corresponding to the first signal among the K3 first signals. This correction value can compensate for the phase of the first signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information. Furthermore, the presence of this correction value can minimize interference in the channel estimation formula, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0029] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining channel information, which can be performed by a first satellite device. The first satellite device can be a satellite device or a chip (or chip system) within the satellite device.

[0030] In this solution, a first satellite device obtains first phase offset values ​​corresponding to K1 first signals. K1 is a positive integer greater than 1. The first phase offset value is the phase offset between two adjacent first signals in the time domain among the K1 first signals. The first phase offset value is associated with the frequency offset that occurs when the signal from the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device. The first satellite device transmits K1 first signals.

[0031] Since the phase offset value between two adjacent first signals in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value, and since the first phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, the terminal device can reduce the impact of the frequency offset of the signal on the channel estimation accuracy by setting the first phase offset value when performing channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained through channel estimation.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the first phase offset value is associated with a first frequency difference, where the first frequency difference is the difference in frequency offsets between signals from the second satellite apparatus and the first satellite apparatus when transmitted to the terminal apparatus. In another possible implementation, the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, and the first frequency difference are associated, where the second phase offset value is the phase offset between two adjacent second signals in the time domain among K2 second signals transmitted by the second satellite apparatus, where K2 is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0033] In a possible implementation, the first satellite device receives information indicating a first frequency difference, and determines a first phase offset value according to the first frequency difference.

[0034] In another possible implementation, the first satellite device receives location information of the terminal device and determines the first phase offset value according to the location information.

[0035] In a possible implementation, the first satellite device sends information indicating the first phase offset value; and / or; for example, the first satellite device may send information indicating the first phase offset value to the terminal device.

[0036] In another possible implementation, the first satellite apparatus transmits information indicating the second phase offset value. For example, the first satellite apparatus may transmit information indicating the second phase offset value to the terminal apparatus. In another possible implementation, the first satellite apparatus may transmit information indicating the second phase offset value to the second satellite apparatus, causing the second satellite apparatus to transmit a signal based on the second phase offset value.

[0037] In a possible implementation, at least one of the following parameters is adjustable: the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, the value of K1, or the value of K2.

[0038] In one possible implementation, the K1 first signals are sent by the first satellite device at K1 time units, and the K2 second signals are sent by the second satellite device at K2 time units. The first satellite device determines the K1 time units and / or the K2 time units, and the value of K2 and / or the value of K1 are associated with a first time difference. The first time difference is determined based on the difference between the times at which the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals arrive at the terminal device.

[0039] In a possible implementation, the first satellite device sends information indicating K1 time units; and / or, for example, the first satellite device may send information indicating K1 time units to the terminal device.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the first satellite apparatus transmits information indicating K2 time units. For example, the first satellite apparatus may transmit information indicating K2 time units to the terminal apparatus. In another possible implementation, the first satellite apparatus may transmit information indicating K2 time units to the second satellite apparatus, causing the second satellite apparatus to transmit a signal during the K2 time units.

[0041] In one possible implementation, when the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of the CP occupation, K1 is equal to or greater than N, and / or K2 is equal to or greater than N, where N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device. In another possible implementation, when the first time difference is greater than the duration of the CP occupation and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of one time unit, K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1), and / or K2 is equal to or greater than (N+1).

[0042] For the relevant contents and beneficial effects of the second aspect and possible implementation methods of the second aspect, please refer to the relevant description of the first aspect and possible implementation methods of the first aspect, and no further details will be given.

[0043] In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for determining channel information, which can be performed by a second satellite device. The second satellite device can be a satellite device or a chip (or chip system) within the satellite device.

[0044] In this method, the second satellite apparatus can obtain second phase offset values ​​corresponding to K2 second signals. K2 is a positive integer greater than 1. The second phase offset value is the phase offset between two adjacent second signals in the time domain among the K2 second signals. The second phase offset value is associated with the frequency offset that occurs when the signal from the second satellite apparatus is transmitted to the terminal apparatus. The second satellite apparatus transmits the K2 second signals.

[0045] Since the phase offset value between two adjacent second signals in the time domain among the K2 second signals is the second phase offset value, and since the second phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, the terminal device can reduce the impact of the frequency offset of the signal on the channel estimation accuracy by setting the first phase offset value when performing channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained through channel estimation.

[0046] In a possible implementation, the second phase offset value is associated with a first frequency difference, where the first frequency difference is a difference in frequency offsets that occur when signals from the first satellite device and the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, and the first frequency difference are associated, the first phase offset value is the phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among K1 first signals sent by the first satellite device, and K1 is a positive integer greater than 1.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the second satellite device receives information indicating the second phase offset value. In one possible implementation, the second satellite device receives information indicating K2 time units.

[0049] For the relevant contents and beneficial effects of the third aspect and possible implementation methods of the third aspect, please refer to the relevant description of the first aspect and possible implementation methods of the first aspect, and no further details will be given.

[0050] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, which may be the aforementioned terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device. The communication device may include a communication unit and a processing unit to perform any of the above-mentioned first to third aspects, or to perform any possible implementation of the first to third aspects. The communication unit is used to perform functions related to sending and receiving. The communication unit may be referred to as a transceiver unit. Optionally, the communication unit includes a receiving unit and a sending unit. In one design, the communication device is a communication chip, the processing unit may be one or more processors or processor cores, and the communication unit may be an input / output circuit, an input / output interface, or an antenna port of the communication chip.

[0051] In another design, the communication unit may be a transmitter and a receiver, or the communication unit may be a transmitter and a receiver.

[0052] Optionally, the communication device further includes modules that can be used to execute any one of the first to third aspects above, or execute any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

[0053] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which may be the aforementioned terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device. The communication device may include a processor and a memory to perform any of the aforementioned aspects from the first to the third aspect, or any possible implementation of the aspects from the first to the third aspect. Optionally, it further includes a transceiver, the memory is used to store a computer program or instruction, and the processor is used to call and execute the computer program or instruction from the memory. When the processor executes the computer program or instruction in the memory, the communication device performs any of the aforementioned aspects from the first to the third aspect, or any possible implementation of the aspects from the first to the third aspect.

[0054] Optionally, there are one or more processors and one or more memories.

[0055] Optionally, the memory may be integrated with the processor, or the memory may be provided separately from the processor.

[0056] Optionally, the transceiver may include a transmitter (transmitter) and a receiver (receiver).

[0057] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, which may be the aforementioned terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device. The communication device may include a processor to execute any of the aforementioned aspects from the first to the third, or any possible implementation of the aspects from the first to the third. For example, the processor executes any of the aforementioned aspects from the first to the third, or any possible implementation of the aspects from the first to the third, through a logic circuit or by executing a computer program or instruction in a memory. The processor is coupled to the memory. Optionally, the communication device also includes a memory. Optionally, the communication device also includes a communication interface, and the processor is coupled to the communication interface.

[0058] In one implementation, when the communication device is a terminal device, a first satellite device, or a second satellite device, the communication interface may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. Alternatively, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Alternatively, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0059] In another implementation, when the communication device is a chip or a chip system, the communication interface may be an input / output interface, an interface circuit, an output circuit, an input circuit, a pin, or related circuits on the chip or chip system. The processor may also be embodied as a processing circuit or a logic circuit.

[0060] In a seventh aspect, a system is provided, which includes the above-mentioned terminal device.

[0061] In a possible implementation, the system may further include a first satellite device and / or a second satellite device.

[0062] In an eighth aspect, a computer program product is provided, which includes: a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions), which, when executed, enables a computer to execute any one of the above-mentioned first to third aspects, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

[0063] In the ninth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instructions). When the computer program is run on a computer, the computer executes any one of the above-mentioned first to third aspects, or executes any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

[0064] In a tenth aspect, a processing device is provided, comprising: an interface circuit and a processing circuit. The interface circuit may include an input circuit and an output circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive signals via the input circuit and transmit signals via the output circuit, thereby implementing any of the first to third aspects above, or any possible implementation of the first to third aspects.

[0065] In a specific implementation, the processing device may be a chip, the input circuit may be an input pin, the output circuit may be an output pin, and the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a trigger, or various logic circuits. The input signal received by the input circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, received and input by a receiver, and the signal output by the output circuit may be, for example, but not limited to, output to and transmitted by a transmitter. The input circuit and the output circuit may be the same circuit, which functions as an input circuit and an output circuit at different times. This application does not limit the specific implementation of the processor and various circuits.

[0066] In one implementation, when the communication device is a terminal device, a first satellite device, or a second satellite device, the interface circuit may be a radio frequency processing chip in the terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device, and the processing circuit may be a baseband processing chip in the terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device.

[0067] In another implementation, the communication device may be a component of a terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device, such as an integrated circuit product such as a system-on-chip (SoC) or a communication chip. The interface circuit may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip system. The processing circuit may be a logic circuit on the chip. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0068] FIG1A is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG1B is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of another communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a possible flow chart of a method for determining channel information provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG3A is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG3B is a schematic diagram of a network architecture of another communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG4 is a possible flowchart of another method for determining channel information provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] FIG5A is a possible example of a signal received by a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] FIG5B is a possible example of a signal received by a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an effect provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a possible structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] The nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of this application are explained below.

[0080] (1) Reference signal.

[0081] The reference signals in the embodiments of the present application include uplink reference signals and downlink reference signals. An uplink reference signal refers to a signal sent by a terminal device, such as a signal sent by a terminal device to a network device via an uplink. A downlink reference signal refers to a signal sent by a network device, such as a signal sent by a network device to a terminal device via a downlink.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present application, the reference signal may include (or be) a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), a channel state information reference signal (CSI) reference signal (RS), a synchronization signal block (SSB), a synchronization signal / physical broadcast channel block (SS / PBCH block), or a tracking reference signal (TRS), a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS), a cell reference signal (CRS), a sounding reference signal (SRS), etc.

[0083] (2) Resources.

[0084] The resources in the embodiments of the present application may include time domain resources and / or frequency domain resources.

[0085] Time domain resources may include at least one of a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a mini slot, or an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. A time unit may include a radio frame, a subframe, a time slot, a mini slot, or an OFDM symbol. A time unit may also include resources aggregated from multiple radio frames, multiple subframes, multiple time slots, multiple mini slots, or multiple OFDM symbols. Among them, a radio frame may include multiple subframes, a subframe may include one or more time slots, and a time slot may include at least one symbol. Alternatively, a radio frame may include multiple time slots, and a time slot may include at least one symbol. It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, an OFDM symbol may also be referred to as a symbol.

[0086] Frequency domain resources may include at least one of a resource element (RE), a resource block (RB), a channel, a sub-channel, a carrier, or a bandwidth part (BWP). A frequency domain unit may include an RE, an RB, a channel, a sub-channel, a carrier, or a bandwidth part (BWP), etc. A frequency domain unit may also include resources composed of multiple REs or multiple RBs or multiple sub-channels or multiple carriers or multiple BWPs. In an embodiment of the present application, a channel may be equivalently replaced by a resource block set (RB set), and the frequency domain bandwidth of an RB set may be 20 megahertz (MHz).

[0087] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as terrestrial communication systems, NTN communication systems, and satellite communication systems. Among them, the satellite communication system can be integrated with the mobile communication system. For example, the mobile communication system can be a fourth generation (4G) communication system (for example, a long term evolution (LTE) system), a world-wide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, a fifth generation (5G) communication system (for example, a new radio (NR) system), and future mobile communication systems. The mobile communication system can also be a vehicle to everything (V2X) system and an Internet of Things (IoT) system.

[0088] Figures 1A and 1B illustrate exemplary network architectures of several communication systems applicable to embodiments of the present application. These communication systems may include satellites, network equipment, and terminal devices. They may also include gateways and core network equipment. Figures 1A and 1B illustrate exemplary converged network architectures for NTNs and terrestrial networks. These are described below with reference to the accompanying figures.

[0089] (1) Satellite.

[0090] The satellite can be a highly elliptical orbiting (HEO) satellite, a GEO satellite, a medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite, or a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the operating mode of the satellite. For example, the operating mode of the satellite can be a transparent mode or a regenerative mode. FIG1A illustrates the operating mode of the satellite as the transparent mode, and FIG1B illustrates the operating mode of the satellite as the regenerative mode.

[0091] When the satellite operates in transparent transmission mode, it performs the transparent forwarding function of a relay. The gateway has the functions of a network device (such as a base station) or some of them. In this case, the gateway can be considered a network device (such as a base station). Alternatively, the network device (such as a base station) can be deployed separately from the gateway. In this case, the feeder link latency includes both the satellite-to-gateway and gateway-to-gNB delays. The transparent transmission mode discussed below is based on the case where the gateway and gNB are located together or close together. For cases where the gateway and gNB are farther apart, the feeder link latency is simply the sum of the satellite-to-gateway and gateway-to-gNB delays.

[0092] When the satellite operates in regenerative mode, it has data processing capabilities, the functions of a network device (such as a base station) or partial functions of a network device (such as a base station). At this time, the satellite can be regarded as a network device (such as a base station).

[0093] Satellites can wirelessly communicate with terminals by broadcasting communication and navigation signals. Optionally, each satellite can provide terminal devices with communication, navigation, and positioning services using multiple beams. For example, each satellite can use multiple beams to cover its service area, and the relationships between the beams can be one or more of time division, frequency division, and space division.

[0094] (2) Gateway.

[0095] A gateway (also known as a ground station, earth station, gateway, or gateway station) can be used to connect satellites to terrestrial network equipment (such as terrestrial base stations). One or more satellites can be connected to one or more terrestrial network equipment (such as terrestrial base stations) through one or more gateways, without limitation.

[0096] The link between the satellite and the terminal is called the service link, and the link between the satellite and the gateway is called the feeder link. Network equipment can be deployed separately from the gateway, so the feeder link latency can include both the satellite-to-gateway and gateway-to-network equipment latency.

[0097] (3) Network equipment.

[0098] The network devices in the embodiments of the present application may include network devices deployed on satellites (such as satellite base stations), network devices deployed on gateways, and network devices deployed on the ground (such as ground base stations).

[0099] The network devices involved in the embodiments of the present application may be radio access network (RAN) nodes. The RAN may be an evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) system, a NR system, or a future radio access system defined in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). The RAN may also include two or more of the above-mentioned different radio access systems. The RAN may also be an open RAN (O-RAN).

[0100] A RAN node, also known as a radio access network device, RAN entity, or access node, facilitates wireless access to a communication system by a terminal. In one application scenario, a RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB) in a fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system, or a base station in a future mobile communication system. A RAN node can be a macro base station, a micro base station, an indoor station, a relay node, or a donor node.

[0101] In another application scenario, multiple RAN nodes can collaborate to help terminals achieve wireless access, with different RAN nodes implementing portions of the base station's functions. For example, a RAN node can be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), or a radio unit (RU). The CU implements the base station's radio resource control protocol and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) functions, as well as the service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) functions. The DU implements the base station's radio link control layer and medium access control (MAC) layer functions, as well as some or all of the physical layer functions. For detailed descriptions of each of the above protocol layers, please refer to the relevant 3GPP technical specifications. The RU can be used to implement the transmission and reception of radio frequency signals. The CU and DU can be two independent RAN nodes, or they can be integrated into the same RAN node, such as in a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in radio frequency equipment, such as a remote radio unit (RRU) or an active antenna unit (AAU). The CU can be further divided into two types of RAN nodes: CU-control plane and CU-user plane.

[0102] In different systems, RAN nodes may have different names. For example, in an O-RAN system, a CU may be called an open CU (O-CU), a DU may be called an open DU (O-DU), and a RU may be called an open RU (O-RU). The RAN node in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module. For example, the RAN node may be a server loaded with the corresponding software module. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the RAN node. For ease of description, the following description takes a base station as an example of a RAN node.

[0103] (4) Core network equipment (CN).

[0104] Core network equipment is a device that is installed on the ground and can communicate with NTN equipment in the NTN system. CN equipment is the network element included in the CN part of the mobile communication system. CN equipment can connect terminal equipment to different data networks and perform services such as authentication, billing, mobility management, session management, policy control, and user plane forwarding. CN equipment can be used for current mobile communication systems (such as the 5th generation (5G) th The CN devices in the 5G generation (5G) mobile communication system may also be CN devices in future mobile communication systems. In mobile communication systems of different standards, the names of CN devices with the same function may vary. However, the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific names of CN devices with each function.

[0105] For example, in the 4th generation (4 th In the 4G (4th generation) mobile communication system (i.e., long term evolution, LTE), the network element responsible for access control, security control, and signaling coordination is the mobility management entity (MME); the network element serving as the local mobility management anchor point is the serving gateway (S-GW); the network element serving as the anchor point for switching to the external data network and responsible for allocating Internet protocol (IP) addresses is the packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW); the network element storing user-related data and subscription data is the home subscriber server (HSS); and the network element responsible for policy and charging functions is called the policy and charging rule function (PCRF) network element.

[0106] For example, in a 5G mobile communication system, the core network can be divided into a control plane (CP) and a user plane (UP) according to specific logical functional divisions. The network elements in the CN responsible for control plane functions can be collectively referred to as control plane network elements, and the network elements responsible for user plane functions can be collectively referred to as user plane network elements. Specifically, in the user plane, the network element that serves as the interface to the data network and is responsible for user plane data forwarding and other functions is the user plane function (UPF) network element. In the control plane, the network element responsible for access control and mobility management functions is called the access and mobility management function (AMF) network element; the network element responsible for session management and control policy execution is called the session management function (SMF) network element; the network element responsible for managing subscription data, user access authorization, and other functions is called the unified data management (UDM) network element; the network element responsible for billing and policy control functions is called the policy control function (PCF) network element; and the application function (AF) network element is responsible for transmitting the application side's requirements to the network side.

[0107] (5)Terminal.

[0108] A terminal is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities that can send signals to a base station or receive signals from a base station. A terminal may also be referred to as a terminal device, user equipment (UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, etc. A terminal can be a mobile phone, tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable device, vehicle, airplane, ship, robot, robotic arm, smart home device, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal.

[0109] The embodiments of the present application may also be applicable to other communication system architectures, such as an air-to-ground (ATG) communication system, which includes at least one network device and at least one high-altitude terminal. High-altitude terminals include, for example, high-altitude aircraft and onboard terminals. The satellites in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B may also be replaced with other relay devices, such as other NTN devices such as high altitude platform stations (HAPS). The communication system shown in FIG. 1A or FIG. 1B is provided as an example and does not limit the communication systems to which the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application are applicable.

[0110] Based on the contents shown in Figures 1A and 1B and the other contents described above, Figure 2 exemplarily shows a possible flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The communication method provided in the present application may also be referred to as a method for determining channel information. For ease of understanding, Figure 2 is introduced by taking the interaction between a terminal device, a network device, and a satellite device as an example. Any one of the N satellite devices in the embodiment of the present application may be a satellite in Figure 1A or 1B or a chip (or chip system) inside a satellite. The terminal device may be a terminal in Figure 1A or 1B or a chip (or chip system) inside a terminal. The network device may be a network device in Figure 1A or 1B or a chip (or chip system) inside a network device.

[0111] As shown in FIG. 2 , the method includes step 201 and step 202 .

[0112] The following is an introduction with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0113] In step 201 , N satellite devices transmit signals.

[0114] Correspondingly, the terminal device receives signals from N satellite devices, where N is a positive integer.

[0115] For any one of the N satellite devices, the satellite device can operate in transparent transmission mode or regeneration mode. The signal sent by the satellite device can be generated by the satellite device, or the satellite device can receive a signal from the network device and send the signal (such as forwarding the signal or sending the signal after some processing) to the terminal device. In the embodiment of the present application, the network device and the satellite device can be integrated into the same device or deployed on different devices. For example, the network device and the satellite device are both deployed in (or are both) satellite base stations. In this case, it can also be understood that the satellite device operates in regeneration mode. For another example, the network device and the satellite device can also belong to two devices. In this case, it can also be understood that the satellite device operates in transparent transmission mode. The working modes of any two satellite devices among the N satellite devices can be the same or different. The network device involved in the embodiment of the present application can be the network device in Figure 1A or Figure 1B or a chip (or chip system) inside the network device (such as an access network device).

[0116] In step 202 , for a satellite device among the N satellite devices, the terminal device determines channel information between the satellite device and the terminal device based on part or all of the signal sent by the satellite device.

[0117] For example, the N satellite devices may include a first satellite device. The above step 201 may include: the terminal device receives K1 first signals from the first satellite device. The above step 202 may include: the terminal device determines the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on part or all of the K1 first signals. In one possible implementation, K1 is a positive integer greater than 1, and the phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is a first phase offset value. When K1 is greater than 2, the phase offset value between at least two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value, or the phase offset value between every two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value. The first phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device.

[0118] Since the phase offset value between two adjacent first signals in the time domain among the K1 first signals is the first phase offset value, and since the first phase offset value is associated with the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, the terminal device can reduce the impact of the frequency offset of the signal on the channel estimation accuracy by setting the first phase offset value when performing channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained through channel estimation.

[0119] For example, by adjusting the phases of some or all of the K1 first signals, the interference component of the channel estimation formula can be reduced or eliminated when subsequently performing channel estimation based on some or all of the K1 first signals. This improves the accuracy of the channel estimation and, in turn, the accuracy of the channel information obtained through the channel estimation. The reasons for reducing or eliminating interference in the channel estimation formula will be explained in detail later in this article, but will not be discussed here.

[0120] In the embodiment of the present application, N may be an integer greater than 1. For example, N may be 2 or greater. The N satellite devices may be a first satellite device and a second satellite device. Alternatively, the N satellite devices may include a first satellite device, a second satellite device, and at least one other satellite device (e.g., a third satellite device). Step 201 may further include: the terminal device receiving K2 second signals from the second satellite device. Step 202 may further include: the terminal device determining, based on some or all of the K2 second signals, channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device.

[0121] In an embodiment of the present application, the time domain resources corresponding to the signals of N satellite devices when they arrive at the terminal device may at least partially overlap, and the frequency domain resources may at least partially overlap. For example, the time-frequency resources corresponding to the signal sent by each of the N satellite devices when it arrives at the terminal device include the first time-frequency resources. It can also be understood that the first time-frequency resources are a subset or a full set of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the signal sent by each of the N satellite devices when it arrives at the terminal device. For each of the N satellite devices, when the signal transmitted by the satellite device arrives at the terminal device, the frequency domain resources of the signal may be sent with an offset, and the time domain resources may also be sent with an offset. Therefore, the time-frequency resources corresponding to the signal when it arrives at the terminal device may not completely overlap with the time-frequency resources occupied by the signal at the transmitting end, and may partially overlap or not overlap.

[0122] Because satellites are far away from the ground and are always in high-speed motion, the time delay difference between signals sent from different satellites reaching a terminal device may far exceed the cyclic prefix (CP). The Doppler shift difference between signals sent from different satellites reaching the terminal device may be on the same order of magnitude as the subcarrier spacing. This may cause inter-symbol interference (ISI) in the time domain and inter-carrier interference (ICI) in the frequency domain when the signals sent from different satellites reach the terminal device. Consequently, when the terminal device obtains channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the signal from the first satellite device, the channel information obtained by the terminal device between the first satellite device and the terminal device may be inaccurate because signals sent by other satellite devices interfere with the signal of the first satellite device (such as ISI and / or ICI). This results in poor anti-interference capability of the signal transmission between the first satellite device and the terminal device, and thus reduces system throughput performance.

[0123] To address the above issues, embodiments of the present application can provide solutions for improving the accuracy of channel information acquired by a terminal device. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG2 , the phase of the signal transmitted by the satellite device is adjustable. Embodiments of the present application can improve the accuracy of the channel information acquired by the terminal device by adjusting the phase of the signal transmitted by at least one satellite device (e.g., the first satellite device).

[0124] In another possible implementation, the number of time units occupied by the signal sent by the first satellite device is also adjustable. In the embodiment of the present application, the time domain resource occupied by one signal is referred to as one time unit. In the embodiment of the present application, the number of time units occupied by the signal sent by at least one satellite device (such as the first satellite device) can be adjusted to improve the accuracy of the channel information obtained by the terminal device. In the embodiment of the present application, adjusting the number of time units occupied by the signal sent by the satellite device can also be replaced by adjusting the number of signals sent by the satellite device.

[0125] In the embodiment of the present application, the phase of the signal sent by the satellite device and the number of time units occupied by the signal can both be adjusted, or at least one of them can be adjusted.

[0126] Figures 3A and 3B exemplarily illustrate schematic diagrams of several communication scenarios applicable to embodiments of the present application. In an embodiment of the present application, a terminal device can communicate with N satellite devices, and the terminal device can determine the channel information between at least one of the N satellite devices and the terminal device. In Figure 3A, communication is performed by taking the N satellite devices as the first satellite device and the second satellite device as an example, and in Figure 3B, communication is performed by taking the N satellite devices as the first satellite device, the second satellite device and the third satellite device as an example. Figures 3A and 3B are only a few possible examples. In actual applications, in Figures 3A and 3B, the terminal device may also communicate with more other satellite devices or other devices, which are not shown in the figures. The satellite devices shown in Figures 3A and 3B (such as the first satellite device, the second satellite device and the third satellite device in Figure 3B) can be the satellite in Figure 1A or Figure 1B or the chip (or chip system) inside the satellite.

[0127] Based on the application scenarios shown in Figures 1A, 1B, 2, 3A, and 3B, Figure 4 exemplarily shows a possible flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a method for determining channel information. Figure 4 can be regarded as a possible implementation of the embodiment provided in Figure 2, and the content of this embodiment can be found in the example provided in Figure 3A or 3B. The relevant content of the network device, N satellite devices, and terminal devices involved in Figure 4 can be found in the description of Figure 2 above, and will not be repeated here. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, an example is given in which N satellite devices include at least a first satellite device and a second satellite device.

[0128] In one possible implementation, when the embodiments of the present application are applied to a non-coherent joint transmission scenario, one of the N satellite devices may be a primary satellite device, and the other satellite devices may be secondary satellite devices. The primary satellite device may establish an RRC connection with a terminal device, and the secondary satellite devices may collaborate with the primary satellite device to provide services for the terminal device. For example, the first satellite device may be considered the primary satellite device, and the other satellite devices (such as the second satellite device) may be considered secondary satellite devices. Alternatively, the second satellite device may be considered the primary satellite device, and the other satellite devices (such as the first satellite device) may be considered secondary satellite devices.

[0129] As shown in Figure 4, the method includes steps 401, 402, 403, and 404. The method will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0130] Step 401: The terminal device sends first information.

[0131] Correspondingly, the first satellite device receives the first information.

[0132] The first information is used to determine the difference in signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the first satellite device and the terminal device respectively.

[0133] In the calculation formula for the difference in signal transmission delays between any two satellite devices and a terminal device in the embodiment of the present application, the difference in signal transmission delay between any one of the two satellite devices and the terminal device can be a subtrahend or a minuend. In the embodiment of the present application, the difference in signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the first satellite device and the terminal device can be, for example, the difference obtained by subtracting the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device from the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device, or the difference obtained by subtracting the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device from the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device, or the absolute value of the difference in signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the first satellite device and the terminal device.

[0134] In the embodiment of the present application, the signal transmission delay between a satellite device (such as the first satellite device or the second satellite device) and the terminal device may include: the time required for the signal to be transmitted from the satellite device to the terminal device.

[0135] The first information may include various content, which are described below using Implementation A1 and Implementation A2. In Implementation A1, the terminal device may determine the signal transmission delays between the first satellite device and the second satellite device, respectively, and the terminal device, and provide feedback to the first satellite device regarding the two signal transmission delays or the difference between the two signal transmission delays. In Implementation A2, the terminal device may transmit its location information to the first satellite device, allowing the first satellite device to calculate the difference between the two signal transmission delays.

[0136] In embodiment A1, the first information includes information indicating differences in signal transmission delays between the first satellite apparatus and the second satellite apparatus and the terminal apparatus, respectively.

[0137] In embodiment A1, the terminal device may calculate the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device, and calculate the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device. The first information may include information about the two signal transmission delays, or the first information may include information about the difference between the two signal transmission delays. If the first information received by the first satellite device includes information about the two signal transmission delays, the first satellite device may further calculate the difference between the two signal transmission delays. If the first information received by the first satellite device includes information about the difference between the two signal transmission delays, the first satellite device may determine the difference between the two signal transmission delays from the first information.

[0138] In implementation A1, a terminal device may calculate the signal transmission delay between a satellite device (e.g., a first satellite device or a second satellite device) and the terminal device in various implementations. For example, the first satellite device may transmit a signal (e.g., a synchronization signal block (SSB)), and the terminal device may measure the SSB from the first satellite device to obtain the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device. For another example, the second satellite device may transmit a signal (e.g., an SSB), and the terminal device may measure the SSB from the second satellite device to obtain the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device.

[0139] In implementation A1, the above example is introduced using the first and second satellite devices among N satellite devices as examples. In actual applications, the N satellite devices may also include other satellite devices, such as a third satellite device. In this case, the first information may include information indicating T0 signal transmission delay differences, where T0 is a positive integer and may be 1 or greater than 1. Any one of the T0 signal transmission delay differences may include information about the difference in signal transmission delays between two satellite devices (e.g., the first and second satellite devices) among the N satellite devices and the terminal device. In one possible implementation, the N satellite devices may correspond to a maximum of (N*(N-1) / 2) signal transmission delay differences, where * represents multiplication and / represents division, and T0 is not greater than (N*(N-1) / 2). For any one of the T0 signal transmission delay differences, the information indicating the signal transmission delay difference may include information about the signal transmission delay difference, or may include two signal transmission delays used to calculate the signal transmission delay difference. For related solutions, please refer to the aforementioned description of the first and second satellite devices, and will not be repeated here. The method for the terminal device to obtain the difference in signal transmission delay between two satellite devices among N satellite devices and the terminal device can refer to the aforementioned method for the terminal device to determine the difference in signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the second satellite device and the terminal device, and will not be repeated here.

[0140] In implementation A2, the first information includes location information of the terminal device.

[0141] In implementation A2, the terminal device may obtain the location information of the terminal device through some methods, such as obtaining the location information of the terminal device through a global navigation satellite system (GNSS). For another example, the terminal device may obtain the location information of the terminal device through some solutions for positioning the terminal device.

[0142] After the first satellite device obtains the terminal device's location information, it can determine the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the first satellite device's ephemeris information and the terminal device's location information. Furthermore, the first satellite device can also determine the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device based on the second satellite device's ephemeris information and the terminal device's location information. The first satellite device can then use the difference between these two signal transmission delays as the difference between the signal transmission delays between the first satellite device and the second satellite device and the terminal device, respectively.

[0143] In implementation A2, when N satellite devices communicate with the terminal device, and the N satellite devices include other satellite devices (such as a third satellite device) in addition to the first satellite device and the second satellite device, the first satellite device can also calculate more signal transmission delay differences. For example, the first satellite device can calculate T0 signal transmission delay differences. For the relevant content of T0 signal transmission delay differences, please refer to the description in implementation A1 and will not be repeated here. For any one of the T0 signal transmission delay differences, the solution for the first satellite device to calculate the signal transmission delay difference based on the location information of the terminal device can refer to the aforementioned solution for the first satellite device to determine the difference in signal transmission delays between the first satellite device and the second satellite device and the terminal device respectively, and will not be repeated here.

[0144] In step 402 , the first satellite device determines the number of time units occupied by a signal to be transmitted by the first satellite device.

[0145] Step 402 may be replaced by: the first satellite apparatus determines the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the first satellite apparatus and / or the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the second satellite apparatus.

[0146] In the embodiments of the present application, the time domain resource occupied by a signal is referred to as a time unit. In the embodiments of the present application, the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted can also be replaced by the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted, and the two are equal. The concept of a time unit is described above and will not be repeated here. For ease of understanding, some of the embodiments of the present application are described using the example of a time unit being a symbol. In the embodiments of the present application, the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted determined by the first satellite device is represented as K1, where K1 is a positive integer. Step 402 can also be understood as: the first satellite device determines the value of K1.

[0147] In one possible implementation, the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the first satellite apparatus may be associated with the first time difference. The number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the second satellite apparatus may be associated with the first time difference. Alternatively, it can be understood that K1 first signals are transmitted by the first satellite apparatus over K1 time units, and K2 second signals are transmitted by the second satellite apparatus over K2 time units, with the value of K2 and / or the value of K1 being associated with the first time difference. There may or may not be an offset value between the K1 time units and the K2 time units. For example, the K1 time units may be symbol #0, symbol #1, and symbol #2 of time slot #1, the K2 time units may be symbol #0, symbol #1, and symbol #2 of time slot #1, or the K2 time units may be symbol #1, symbol #2, and symbol #3 of time slot #1.

[0148] In one possible implementation, the K1 time units may be K1 time units that are continuous in the time domain, and the K2 time units may be K2 time units that are continuous in the time domain. Alternatively, it can be described as follows: for a satellite device among the N satellite devices, the time units occupied by multiple signals (such as signals that can be used for channel estimation) transmitted by the satellite device are continuous.

[0149] The first time difference is determined based on the difference between the times at which the K1 first signals from the first satellite device and the K2 second signals from the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device.

[0150] Two possible implementations are described below by way of example 1 and example 2.

[0151] In example 1, the N satellite devices may be a first satellite device and a second satellite device, or the N satellite devices may include the first satellite device, the second satellite device, and at least one other satellite device (e.g., a third satellite device). The first time difference is the difference between the times at which to-be-transmitted signals from any two of the N satellite devices arrive at the terminal device. For example, the first time difference is the difference between the times at which K1 first signals from the first satellite device and K2 second signals from the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device.

[0152] In a second example, the N satellite devices may include a first satellite device, a second satellite device, and at least one other satellite device (e.g., a third satellite device). The N satellite devices correspond to multiple third time differences, and any one of the multiple third time differences is the difference between the times at which the to-be-transmitted signals of any two of the N satellite devices arrive at the terminal device. The first time difference may be one of the multiple third time differences, for example, it may be the maximum value among the multiple third time differences. For example, if the difference between the times at which K1 first signals from the first satellite device and K2 second signals from the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device is the maximum value among the third time differences, then the first time difference is the difference between the times at which the K1 first signals from the first satellite device and the K2 second signals from the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device.

[0153] The following describes an example in which the first time difference is the difference between the arrival times of K1 first signals from a first satellite device and K2 second signals from a second satellite device at a terminal device. In one possible implementation, the difference between the arrival times of K1 first signals from the first satellite device and K2 second signals from the second satellite device at the terminal device can be determined based on the signal transmission delays between the two satellite devices and the terminal device. Two possible implementations are described below using Examples 1 and 2.

[0154] In example one, the signal transmission delay between the first satellite device and the terminal device is signal transmission delay #1, and the signal transmission delay between the second satellite device and the terminal device is signal transmission delay #2. If K1 time units and K2 time units completely overlap in the time domain, for example, K1 time units are symbols #2, #3, and #4 in time slot #1, and K2 time units are symbols #2, #3, and #4 in time slot #1, the first time difference corresponding to the first satellite device and the second satellite device is the signal transmission delay difference between the two satellite devices and the terminal device respectively, for example, the first time difference is the difference between signal transmission delay #1 and signal transmission delay #2.

[0155] Example 2: The K1 time units and the K2 time units do not completely overlap in the time domain. In this case, the first time difference corresponding to the first satellite device and the second satellite device can also be calculated based on the signal transmission delay difference between the two satellite devices and the terminal device. For example, the K1 time unit is symbol #1, symbol #2, and symbol #3 in time slot #1, and the K2 time units are symbol #2, symbol #3, and symbol #4 in time slot #1. The first time difference corresponding to the first satellite device and the second satellite device is the signal transmission delay difference between the two satellite devices and the terminal device plus the duration occupied by one symbol. For example, the first time difference is the difference between signal transmission delay #1 and signal transmission delay #2 plus the duration occupied by one symbol.

[0156] Below, using the example of a first time difference being the difference between the arrival times of K1 first signals from a first satellite device and K2 second signals from a second satellite device at a terminal device, embodiments B1 and B2 will be used to exemplify the method for determining the number of time units occupied by the signals to be transmitted by the first satellite device. In this embodiment of the present application, the K1 time units may completely overlap, partially overlap, or not overlap with the K2 time units.

[0157] In implementation B1, when the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of the CP occupation, K1 is equal to or greater than N. N is the number of satellite apparatuses. K1 is the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the first satellite apparatus, or the number of signals to be transmitted by the first satellite apparatus.

[0158] In one possible implementation, when the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of CP occupation, the first satellite device may also determine that K2 is equal to or greater than N. In another possible implementation, the first satellite device may determine that K1 and K2 are equal.

[0159] For example, when the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration occupied by the CP: when N is 2 (for example, the N satellite devices include the first satellite device and the second satellite device), the value of K1 is 2; when N is 3 (for example, the N satellite devices include the first satellite device, the second satellite device and the third satellite device), the value of K1 is 3.

[0160] In implementation B2, when the first time difference is greater than the duration occupied by the CP and is less than or equal to the duration of one time unit: K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1).

[0161] In one possible implementation, the first satellite apparatus determines that K2 is equal to or greater than (N+1) when the first time difference is greater than the duration of the CP occupation and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. In another possible implementation, the first satellite apparatus may determine that the values ​​of K1 and K2 are equal.

[0162] For example, when the first time difference is greater than the duration occupied by the CP and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of a time unit: when N is 2 (for example, the N satellite devices include the first satellite device and the second satellite device), the value of K1 is 3; when N is 3 (for example, the N satellite devices include the first satellite device, the second satellite device and the third satellite device), the value of K1 is 4.

[0163] In another possible implementation, the difference between the arrival times of the K1 first signals from the first satellite device and the K2 second signals from the second satellite device at the terminal device is greater than the duration of one time unit. In this case, the first satellite device may adjust the transmission time of the signals to be transmitted by the first satellite device and / or the second satellite device, and / or adjust the time units occupied by the signals to be transmitted by the first satellite device and / or the second satellite device, so that the difference between the adjusted arrival times of the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals from the second satellite device at the terminal device is less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. The first satellite device may then use the difference between the adjusted arrival times of the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals from the second satellite device at the terminal device as the first time difference, and then determine the value of K1 and / or K2 based on the first time difference (for related solutions, see the aforementioned Implementation B1 and Implementation B2, which will not be described in detail).

[0164] The following describes two schemes for adjusting the time when K1 first signals and K2 second signals from the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device through Implementation C1 and Implementation C2 as examples. In Implementation C1, the first satellite device can adjust the time unit occupied by the signals to be sent by the first satellite device and / or the second satellite device. In Implementation C2, the first satellite device can adjust the sending time of the signals to be sent by the first satellite device and / or the second satellite device. Implementation C1 and Implementation C2 can be used in combination. For example, the first satellite device can adjust the sending time of the signals to be sent by the first satellite device and / or the second satellite device, and adjust the time unit occupied by the signals to be sent by the first satellite device and / or the second satellite device.

[0165] In implementation C1, the first satellite device adjusts the indexes of time units occupied by the K1 first signals and / or the K2 second signals.

[0166] In an embodiment of the present application, a first satellite device may determine, based on configuration information, the time units originally occupied by K1 first signals and the time units originally occupied by K2 second signals. The first satellite device may adjust the indexes of the time units occupied by the K1 first signals and / or the K2 second signals (for example, the index of the time unit occupied by the K1 first signal may be advanced or delayed, and / or the index of the time unit occupied by the K2 second signals may be advanced or delayed). After the adjustment, an offset (which may be expressed as "offset" in English) is included between the first time unit of the K1 time units and the first time unit of the K2 time units. The offset is used to ensure that the difference between the arrival times of the K1 first signals from the first satellite device and the K2 second signals from the second satellite device at the terminal device is less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. Alternatively, the offset is used to ensure that, when the K1 first signals from the first satellite device and the K2 second signals from the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device, the terminal device receives the K1 first signal and the K2 second signals on the same time-frequency resource.

[0167] For example, K1 time units originally correspond to symbols #2, #3, and #4 in time slot #1, and K2 time units originally correspond to symbols #2, #3, and #4 in time slot #1. For example, if the offset is two symbols, the first satellite device may determine that the indices of the K1 time units and / or the indices of the K2 time units need to be adjusted. For example, the K1 time units may be adjusted to symbols #0, #1, and #2 in time slot #1. Alternatively, the K1 time units may be adjusted to symbols #4, #5, and #6 in time slot #1. Alternatively, the K1 time units may be adjusted to symbols #1, #2, and #3 in time slot #1, and the K2 time units may be adjusted to symbols #3, #4, and #5 in time slot #1. Alternatively, the K2 time units may be adjusted to symbols #0, #1, and #2 in time slot #1. Alternatively, K2 time units are adjusted to symbol #4, symbol #5, and symbol #6 in time slot #1.

[0168] In implementation C1, the adjusted K1 time units may partially overlap with the adjusted K2 time units, or may not overlap. Alternatively, the adjusted K1 time units may partially overlap with the unadjusted K2 time units, or may not overlap. Alternatively, the unadjusted K1 time units may partially overlap with the adjusted K2 time units, or may not overlap.

[0169] In implementation C1, in one possible implementation, the first satellite device may send information indicating an offset to the terminal device, so that the terminal device receives signals from the first satellite device and / or the second satellite device at a correct time domain resource location.

[0170] In implementation C2, the first satellite device may adjust the transmission time of the K1 first signals and / or the K2 second signals.

[0171] In implementation C2, the first satellite device may adjust the transmission time of the K1 first signals and / or the K2 second signals (for example, the start transmission time of the K1 first signals may be advanced or delayed, and / or the start transmission time of the K2 second signals may be advanced or delayed). After the adjustment, the difference between the start transmission time of the K1 time units and the start transmission time of the K2 time units is a second time difference. The second time difference is used to ensure that the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device is less than or equal to the duration of one time unit. Alternatively, the second time difference is used to ensure that when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device arrive at the terminal device, the terminal device receives the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals on the same time-frequency resources.

[0172] For example, K1 time units originally consist of symbols #2, #3, and #4 in time slot #1, and K2 time units originally consist of symbols #2, #3, and #4 in time slot #1. The original start transmission time of the K1 time units (the transmission time of symbol #2 in time slot #1) is the same as the start transmission time of the K1 time units (the transmission time of symbol #2 in time slot #1). The first satellite device may adjust one or both of these. For example, the first satellite device may determine that the start transmission time of the K1 time units (the transmission time of symbol #2 in time slot #1) is advanced or delayed by 5 milliseconds. Alternatively, the first satellite device may determine that the start transmission time of the K2 time units (the transmission time of symbol #2 in time slot #1) is advanced or delayed by 5 milliseconds. Alternatively, the first satellite device may determine that the start transmission time of K1 time units (the transmission time of symbol #2 in time slot #1) is advanced by 2 milliseconds, and the first satellite device may determine that the start transmission time of K2 time units (the transmission time of symbol #2 in time slot #1) is delayed by 3 milliseconds.

[0173] In implementation C2, the K1 time units occupied by the K1 first signals may completely overlap with the K2 time units occupied by the K2 second signals. For example, the index of the first time unit among the K1 time units occupied by the K1 first signals (e.g., symbol #2 of time slot #1) may be the same as the index of the first time unit among the K2 time units occupied by the K2 second signals (e.g., symbol #2 of time slot #1). In implementation B1.4, the K1 time units occupied by the K1 first signals may partially overlap with the K2 time units occupied by the K2 second signals, or may not overlap.

[0174] In implementation C2, adjusting the transmission times of the K1 first signals by the first satellite apparatus may include adjusting the start transmission time of the K1 first signals, or adjusting the stop transmission time of the K1 first signals, or adjusting a specific time during the transmission of the K1 first signals. The above example uses adjustment of the start transmission time as an example. In implementation C2, adjusting the transmission times of the K2 second signals by the first satellite apparatus may include adjusting the start transmission time of the K2 second signals, or adjusting the stop transmission time of the K2 second signals, or adjusting a specific time during the transmission of the K2 second signals. The above example uses adjustment of the start transmission time as an example.

[0175] In implementation C2, in one possible implementation, the first satellite device may send information indicating the second time difference to the terminal device, so that the terminal device receives signals from the first satellite device and / or the second satellite device at a correct time domain resource location.

[0176] In one possible implementation, when the first time difference is equal to the duration of the CP occupation, implementation B2 may be adopted, for example, when K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1). In another possible implementation, when the first time difference is equal to the duration of one time unit, implementation B2 may not be implemented, but the implementation may be implemented according to the implementation in which the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device is greater than the duration of one time unit.

[0177] In step 402, in an embodiment of the present application, the N satellite devices may be a first satellite device and a second satellite device, or the N satellite devices may include the first satellite device, the second satellite device, and at least one other satellite device (e.g., a third satellite device). The number of time units occupied by a signal to be transmitted by any of the N satellite devices may be determined by the satellite device itself or by another satellite device. The number of time units occupied by signals to be transmitted by all of the N satellite devices may be determined by one satellite device or by multiple satellite devices.

[0178] For example, the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the first satellite apparatus and the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the second satellite apparatus may both be determined by the first satellite apparatus or both be determined by the second satellite apparatus. Alternatively, the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the first satellite apparatus may be determined by the second satellite apparatus, and the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the second satellite apparatus may also be determined by the second satellite apparatus.

[0179] In the embodiments of the present application, a first satellite device is used to determine the number of time units occupied by a signal to be transmitted by the first satellite device and the number of time units occupied by a signal to be transmitted by a second satellite device. When this information needs to be executed by another satellite device, such as a second satellite device, the second satellite device determines the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the second satellite device and / or the number of time units occupied by the signal to be transmitted by the second satellite device in a similar manner. In this embodiment, the second satellite device can also obtain the first information, such as by receiving the first information from a terminal device (in this case, the first satellite device may or may not receive the first information, i.e., step 401 may or may not be executed), or by receiving the first information from the first satellite device.

[0180] Step 403: The first satellite device sends first instruction information.

[0181] Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the first indication information.

[0182] The first indication information is used to indicate information of K1 time units.

[0183] The first satellite device may determine K1 time units based on the determined number of K1 time units and the time-frequency resources of the signal configuration. The first indication information may include resource identifiers and / or resource set identifiers of the K1 time units.

[0184] In another possible implementation, the first indication information is further used to indicate information about time units occupied by signals to be transmitted by other satellite apparatuses (e.g., a second satellite apparatus) among the N satellite apparatuses. The information indicating the time units occupied by signals to be transmitted by other satellite apparatuses (e.g., the second satellite apparatus) among the N satellite apparatuses may be determined by the first satellite apparatus (see the solution in step 402 where the first satellite apparatus determines the number of K2 time units), or may be sent by other satellite apparatuses (e.g., the second satellite apparatus) to the first satellite apparatus (e.g., the second satellite apparatus may independently determine the number of K2 time units; for related solutions, see the solution where the first satellite apparatus determines the number of K1 time units, which will not be further described).

[0185] Taking the example of other satellite devices including a second satellite device, the first indication information is also used to indicate the information of the K2 time units occupied by the signals to be sent by the second satellite device (i.e., K2 second signals). For example, the first indication information may include resource identifiers and / or resource set identifiers of the K2 time units. Alternatively, the first indication information may include an offset between the K2 time units and the K1 time unit, such as the offset between the first time unit of the K2 time units and the first time unit of the K1 time units. In this way, the terminal device can determine the K2 time units based on the information used to indicate the K1 time unit and the offset. This solution can save the number of bits occupied by the information used to indicate the K2 time units.

[0186] In another possible implementation, there is no offset between the K2 time units and the K1 time unit, such as complete overlap. In this case, the terminal device can determine the K2 time units based on the information indicating the K1 time unit. In this solution, it can also be understood that the information indicating the K1 time unit is also the information indicating the K2 time unit.

[0187] In another possible implementation, step 403 may not be performed. The terminal device may independently calculate the content indicated by the first indication information, such as calculating the number of K1 time units based on the first information. For related solutions, please refer to the aforementioned description of the first satellite device calculating the content indicated by the first indication information based on the first information, and will not be repeated here. In another possible implementation, the terminal device may receive an instruction from the first satellite device instructing the terminal device to independently calculate the content indicated by the first indication information.

[0188] Step 404: The terminal device sends the second information.

[0189] Correspondingly, the first satellite device receives the second information.

[0190] The second information is used to determine the difference in frequency offsets between the signals of the first satellite device and the signals of the second satellite device when they are respectively transmitted to the terminal device. For ease of description, the difference in frequency offsets between the signals of the first satellite device and the second satellite device when they are respectively transmitted to the terminal device can also be replaced by: the frequency difference between the first satellite device and the second satellite device; or, it can also be replaced by: the first frequency difference.

[0191] In the calculation formula for the difference in frequency offsets when signals from any two satellite devices are respectively transmitted to a terminal device in the embodiment of the present application, the frequency offset when the signal from any one of the two satellite devices is transmitted to the terminal device can be a subtrahend or a minuend. For example, the difference in frequency offsets when the signal from the first satellite device and the signal from the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device can be the difference obtained by subtracting the frequency offset when the signal from the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device from the frequency offset when the signal from the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, or the difference obtained by subtracting the frequency offset when the signal from the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device from the frequency offset when the signal from the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, or the absolute value of the difference in frequency offsets when the signal from the first satellite device and the signal from the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device.

[0192] The second information may include various contents, which are described below in Implementation D1 and Implementation D2. In Implementation D1, the terminal device may determine the first frequency difference and provide feedback to the first satellite device. In Implementation D2, the terminal device may transmit its location information to the first satellite device, so that the first satellite device can calculate the first frequency difference.

[0193] In implementation D1, the second information includes information indicating the first frequency difference.

[0194] In embodiment D1, the terminal device may calculate the value of the frequency offset that occurs when a signal from the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device, and calculate the value of the frequency offset that occurs when a signal from the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device. The second information may include information about the values ​​of the two frequency offsets, or the second information may include information about the difference between the values ​​of the two frequency offsets. If the second information received by the first satellite device includes information about the values ​​of the two frequency offsets, the first satellite device may further calculate the difference between the two frequency offsets. If the second information received by the first satellite device includes information about the first frequency difference, the first satellite device may determine the difference between the two frequency offsets from the second information.

[0195] In implementation D1, the terminal device may have multiple implementations to calculate the value of the frequency offset that occurs when a signal from a satellite device (such as a first satellite device or a second satellite device) is transmitted to the terminal device. For example, the first satellite device may send a signal (such as a synchronization signal block (SSB)), and the terminal device measures the SSB from the first satellite device to obtain the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal is transmitted to the terminal device. For another example, the second satellite device may send a signal (such as an SSB), and the terminal device measures the SSB from the second satellite device to obtain the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal from the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device. The reason why the frequency offset occurs when a signal from a satellite device reaches the terminal device may include, for example, the Doppler effect. Since the satellite device is usually in a mobile state and the distance between the satellite device and the terminal device is far, based on the Doppler effect, the frequency offset occurs when the signal from a satellite device reaches the terminal device.

[0196] In implementation D1, the above example of the second information is introduced by taking the first satellite device and the second satellite device among N satellite devices as an example. In actual applications, the N satellite devices may also include other satellite devices, such as a third satellite device. In this case, the second information may include information for indicating T1 frequency differences, where T1 is a positive integer, and T1 may be 1 or greater than 1. Any one of the T1 frequency differences may include the difference in frequency offsets when signals from two satellite devices among the N satellite devices (such as the first satellite device and the second satellite device; or the second satellite device and the third satellite device) are respectively transmitted to the terminal device. The scheme for determining the frequency difference between any two satellite devices can refer to the description of the frequency difference between the first satellite device and the second satellite device, and will not be repeated here.

[0197] In implementation D2, the second information includes location information of the terminal device.

[0198] In implementation D2, the terminal device may obtain the location information of the terminal device in some manner, as described in the aforementioned implementation A2.

[0199] After the first satellite device obtains the location information of the terminal device, it can determine the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device based on the ephemeris information of the first satellite device and the location information of the terminal device. Furthermore, the first satellite device can also determine the value of the frequency offset that occurs when the signal of the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device based on the ephemeris information of the second satellite device and the location information of the terminal device. Afterwards, the first satellite device can use the difference between the two frequency offset values ​​as the first frequency difference. In this way, the first satellite device can determine the first phase offset value based on the location information of the terminal device. The first phase offset value can also be updated later as the location information of the terminal device is updated. The first phase offset value determined by this solution can be more reasonable, and then in the subsequent channel estimation process, the interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device can be better eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0200] In implementation D2, when N satellite devices communicate with a terminal device, and the N satellite devices include other satellite devices (such as a third satellite device) in addition to the first satellite device and the second satellite device, the first satellite device can further calculate more frequency differences. For example, the first satellite device can calculate T1 frequency differences. For details about the T1 frequency difference, refer to the description in implementation D1 and are not repeated here. For any of the T1 frequency differences, the method for the first satellite device to calculate the frequency difference based on the terminal device's location information can refer to the method for the first satellite device to determine the first frequency difference and is not repeated here.

[0201] In another possible implementation, step 404 and step 401 may be one step or two steps. The first information and the second information may be carried in the same message or in different messages. The second information and the first information may be the same information. For example, the first information and the second information may both be the location information of the terminal device. In this case, step 404 and step 401 are effectively one step, and neither step 401 nor step 404 is executed.

[0202] In step 405 , the first satellite apparatus determines the phase of the signal to be transmitted by the first satellite apparatus.

[0203] The signals to be transmitted by the first satellite apparatus are K1 first signals. In one possible implementation, K1 is a positive integer greater than 1, and the phase offset between two adjacent first signals in the time domain among the K1 first signals is a first phase offset value. In one possible implementation, the first phase offset value is adjustable. In this way, the first satellite apparatus can adjust the first phase offset value according to actual needs, thereby reducing the impact of interference during the channel estimation process using the first phase offset value, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information obtained through the channel estimation.

[0204] In one possible implementation, the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference. The first satellite device can determine the first phase offset value based on the first frequency difference. Because the signal from the second satellite device may interfere with the signal from the first satellite device, and because the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference, the setting of the first phase offset value can take into account the impact of the frequency offset of the signal from the second satellite device on the signal from the first satellite device during transmission. This makes the setting of the first phase offset value more reasonable, and can better eliminate interference from the signal from the second satellite device during subsequent channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0205] The following describes implementation E1 and implementation E2. In implementation E1, the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference. In implementation E2, the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference and the second phase offset value. The phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among the K2 second signals is the second phase offset value.

[0206] In implementation E1, the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference.

[0207] In a possible implementation, the K1 first signals may be generated based on the same signal sequence. For example, the K1 first signals may be generated based on the signal sequence X. DMRS,1 However, any two of the K1 first signals may be different. The present embodiment uses the signal transmitted by the first satellite apparatus as an example of a DMRS, so the subscript of the signal sequence is DMRS. In other application scenarios, if the signal transmitted by the first satellite apparatus changes, the various parameters, the superscripts or subscripts of the various parameters, and other parameters in the present embodiment may also change.

[0208] For example, K1 time units are three symbols, where the first signal on the first symbol is X DMRS,1 , the first signal on the second symbol is The first signal on the third symbol is In the embodiment of the present application * indicates multiplication.

[0209] In the embodiment of the present application, φ1 may also be referred to as the phase offset between two adjacent first signals in the time domain among the K1 first signals, i.e., the first phase offset. In another possible implementation, φ1 may also be referred to as the time phase factor (TPF) of the first satellite device.

[0210] In a possible implementation, φ1 may satisfy the following formula (1):

[0211] In formula (1), N is the number of N satellite devices, π is a constant, and β D2,1 It can be calculated based on the first frequency difference, such as β D2,1 It can be calculated based on the Doppler effect, β D2,1 It can be the difference in phase offset between the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device when they are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, and q1 can be a positive integer.

[0212] In a possible implementation, when the N satellite devices are two satellite devices, q1 may be an odd number, such as +1, -1, +3, -3, +5, or -5. For example, in a possible example, φ1 = β D2,1 +π.

[0213] In one possible implementation, β in formula (1) D2,1 The following formula (2) can be satisfied:

[0214] β D2,1 =2πf D2,1 ·T sym ...Formula (2)

[0215] In formula (2), π is a constant, f D2,1 is the first frequency difference, T sym The duration of a time unit.

[0216] In one possible implementation, where N c is the number of subcarriers, N g is the CP length, Δf is the subcarrier spacing, T sym It can be the duration of a time unit including the CP.

[0217] In implementation E2, the first phase offset value is associated with the first frequency difference and the second phase offset value.

[0218] In the embodiments of the present application, the second phase offset value may be zero or non-zero. In one possible implementation, the second phase offset value may also be associated with the first frequency difference. The following Examples E2.1, E2.2, and E2.3 illustrate several possible implementations. In Example E2.1, φ1 and φ2 may satisfy a certain relationship. In Example E2.2, φ1 may be zero. Example E2.3 describes a scenario where the N satellite assemblies include more satellite assemblies.

[0219] In Example E2.1, φ1 and φ2 can satisfy a certain relationship.

[0220] In Example E2.1, the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, and the first frequency difference can also be understood as being associated. Because the setting of the first phase offset value can take into account the impact of the frequency offset of the second satellite device's signal during transmission on the first satellite device's signal, the first phase offset value can be set more rationally. Consequently, during the subsequent channel estimation process, interference caused by the second satellite device's signal can be better eliminated, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0221] In one possible implementation, the K2 second signals may be generated based on the same signal sequence. For example, the K2 second signals may be generated based on the signal sequence X. DMRS,2 However, any two of the K2 second signals may be different. The durations of one of the K1 time units and one of the K2 time units may be equal, for example, both may be one symbol, or two symbols.

[0222] For example, K1 time units are three symbols, where the first signal on the first symbol is X DMRS,1 , the first signal on the second symbol is The first signal on the third symbol is K2 time units are three symbols, where the first signal on the first symbol is X DMRS,2 , the first signal on the second symbol is The first signal on the third symbol is In the embodiment of the present application * indicates multiplication.

[0223] In the embodiment of the present application, φ2 may also be referred to as a phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among the K2 second signals, ie, a second phase offset value. In another possible implementation, φ2 may also be referred to as a TPF of the second satellite apparatus.

[0224] In the embodiment of the present application, φ1 and φ2 may satisfy the following formula (3):

[0225] The meaning of each parameter in formula (3) can be found in the relevant description of formula (1) and formula (2), which will not be repeated here. For example, q1 can be an odd number. For example, in one possible example, φ1-φ2=β D2,1 +π.

[0226] In the embodiment of the present application, both φ1 and φ2 may not be zero, or one of them may be zero. For example, the value of φ2 is zero. In this case, φ1 can satisfy: For related content, please refer to the above description, which is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0227] Example E2.2, φ1 can be zero.

[0228] In one possible implementation, in implementation E2, the value of φ1 may be zero, or understood as the first phase offset value being zero. In this case, the value of φ2 is not zero (or understood as the second phase offset value being not zero). In this case, φ2 may satisfy: For related content, please refer to the above description, which is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0229] Example E2.3 introduces the case where the N satellite devices include more satellite devices.

[0230] In another possible implementation, the N satellite devices may include a first satellite device, a second satellite device, and at least one other satellite device (a third satellite device). In this case, a reference satellite device may be provided among the N satellite devices, for example, the reference satellite device may be the second satellite device. The following conditions may be satisfied between any satellite device among the N satellite devices, except the second satellite device, and the second satellite device:

[0231] In formula (4), φ s is the TPF of satellite device s among the (N-1) satellite devices (also called the phase offset value corresponding to satellite device s), φ2 is the TPF of the second satellite device (also called the second phase offset value), β D2,s It can be the difference in phase offset between the signals of the second satellite device and the satellite device s when they are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, β D2,s It can be calculated based on the frequency difference between the second satellite device and the satellite device s, q s Can be a positive integer, q s is the value of q corresponding to the satellite device s, N is the number of N satellite devices, π is a constant, and the (N-1) satellite devices are the satellite devices in the N satellite devices except the second satellite device.

[0232] In formula (4), when the satellite device s is the first satellite device, φ s is φ1, β D2,s β D2,1 ,q s q1. In one possible implementation, each of the (N-1) satellite devices corresponds to a q value, and the (N-1) q values ​​corresponding to the (N-1) satellite devices are (N-1) integers in [1, (N-1)]. For example, if N is 4, the (N-1) q values ​​corresponding to the (N-1) satellite devices are 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The (N-1) satellite devices and the four integers can be arbitrarily configured. For example, the q value corresponding to the first satellite device can be 1 or 2.

[0233] For example, the N satellite devices include a first satellite device, a second satellite device, a third satellite device, and a fourth satellite device. Then, formula (4) can be written as the following formulas:

[0234] In formula (5), formula (6), and formula (7), φ1 is the TPF of the first satellite device (or the first phase offset value), φ2 is the TPF of the second satellite device (or the second phase offset value), φ3 is the TPF of the third satellite device (or the phase offset value corresponding to the third satellite device), φ4 is the TPF of the fourth satellite device (or the phase offset value corresponding to the fourth satellite device), and β D2，1 It can be the difference in phase offset between the signal of the second satellite device and the signal of the first satellite device when they are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, β D2，3 It can be the difference in phase offset between the second satellite device signal and the third satellite device signal when they are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, β D2，4 It can be calculated based on the frequency difference between the second satellite device and the fourth satellite device. For other parameters, please refer to the relevant descriptions of the above formulas (1), (2), (3) and (4), which will not be repeated here.

[0235] In this example, φ3 is the phase offset between two adjacent third signals in the time domain among the K5 third signals transmitted by the third satellite apparatus, and φ4 is the phase offset between two adjacent fourth signals in the time domain among the K6 fourth signals transmitted by the fourth satellite apparatus. K5 can be a positive integer, and K5 can be equal to K1. K6 can be a positive integer, and K6 can be equal to K1. The K5 third signals can be generated based on the same signal sequence, for example, the K5 third signals can be generated based on the signal sequence X. DMRS,3 K6 fourth signals may be generated based on the same signal sequence. For example, K6 fourth signals may be generated based on the signal sequence X. DMRS,4 generated.

[0236] In step 405, the phase of the signal to be transmitted by any one of the N satellite apparatuses may be determined by the satellite apparatus itself or by another satellite apparatus. The phases of the signals to be transmitted by all of the N satellite apparatuses may be determined by one satellite apparatus or by multiple satellite apparatuses.

[0237] For example, the phase of the signal to be transmitted by the first satellite apparatus and the phase of the signal to be transmitted by the second satellite apparatus may both be determined by the first satellite apparatus or both by the second satellite apparatus. Alternatively, the phase of the signal to be transmitted by the first satellite apparatus may be determined by the second satellite apparatus, and the phase of the signal to be transmitted by the second satellite apparatus may be determined by the second satellite apparatus.

[0238] In the embodiments of the present application, a first satellite device is used to determine the phase of a signal to be transmitted by the first satellite device and the phase of a signal to be transmitted by a second satellite device. When this information needs to be executed by another satellite device, such as a second satellite device, the second satellite device determines the phase of the signal to be transmitted by the second satellite device and / or the phase of the signal to be transmitted by the second satellite device in a similar manner. In this embodiment, the second satellite device can also obtain the second information, such as by receiving the second information from a terminal device (in this case, the first satellite device may or may not receive the second information, i.e., step 404 may or may not be executed), or by receiving the second information from the first satellite device.

[0239] There is no absolute order between step 405 and step 402. Step 405 may be performed first and then step 402, or these steps may be performed together.

[0240] In step 406, the first satellite device sends second instruction information.

[0241] Correspondingly, the terminal device receives the second indication information.

[0242] The second indication information is used to indicate the phase information of the signal to be sent by the first satellite device, and / or the second indication information is used to indicate the phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals. For example, the second indication information may include information about the first phase offset value of the first satellite device, and based on this information, the terminal device can determine the phase offset value between two adjacent first signals among the K1 first signals. Furthermore, the terminal device can also determine the phase of each first signal. In this solution, the terminal device can receive information indicating the first phase offset value, and then can better eliminate the interference caused by the signal of the second satellite device in the subsequent channel estimation process based on the first phase offset value, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0243] In another possible implementation, the second indication information is further used to indicate phase information of signals to be transmitted by other satellite apparatuses (e.g., the second satellite apparatus) among the N satellite apparatuses, and / or the second indication information is further used to indicate a phase offset value between two adjacent signals in the time domain among the signals to be transmitted by other satellite apparatuses (e.g., the second satellite apparatus) among the N satellite apparatuses. For example, if the other satellite apparatus includes the second satellite apparatus, the second indication information may also include first phase offset value information of the first satellite apparatus.

[0244] The information indicating the phase of the signal to be transmitted by another satellite apparatus (e.g., the second satellite apparatus) among the N satellite apparatuses (and / or the information indicating the phase offset between two adjacent signals in the time domain in the signal to be transmitted by another satellite apparatus (e.g., the second satellite apparatus) among the N satellite apparatuses may be determined by the first satellite apparatus (see the solution in step 405 where the first satellite apparatus determines φ1), or may be sent by another satellite apparatus (e.g., the second satellite apparatus) to the first satellite apparatus (e.g., the second satellite apparatus may independently determine φ2; for related solutions, see the solution in step 406 where the first satellite apparatus determines φ1, which will not be described in detail here). The information indicating the phase of the signal to be transmitted by another satellite apparatus (e.g., the second satellite apparatus) among the N satellite apparatuses (and / or the information indicating the phase offset between two adjacent signals in the time domain in the signal to be transmitted by another satellite apparatus (e.g., the second satellite apparatus) among the N satellite apparatuses may also be sent to the terminal apparatus by a satellite apparatus other than the first satellite apparatus, such as the second satellite apparatus.

[0245] In another possible implementation, step 406 may not be performed. The terminal device may independently calculate the content indicated by the second indication information, such as calculating the first phase offset value and / or the second phase offset value based on the first frequency difference (or based on the second information). For related solutions, please refer to the introduction of the calculation of the content indicated by the second indication information by the first satellite device based on the second information, which will not be repeated here. In another possible implementation, in this implementation, the terminal device may receive an instruction from the first satellite device, which instructs the terminal device to independently calculate the content indicated by the second indication information.

[0246] Step 407: The first satellite device sends K1 first signals.

[0247] Correspondingly, the terminal device receives K1 first signals.

[0248] Step 407 may also include: the second satellite apparatus transmits K2 second signals, and the terminal apparatus receives the K2 second signals. Step 407 may also be replaced by: N satellite apparatuses transmit signals, and the terminal apparatus receives signals from the N satellite apparatuses, where N is equal to or greater than 2. When the signal transmitted by each of the N satellite apparatuses reaches the terminal apparatus, the corresponding time-frequency resources include the first time-frequency resources. For details regarding the number of time units occupied and the phase of the signals transmitted by each of the N satellite apparatuses, excluding the first and second satellite apparatuses, refer to the aforementioned description of the first and second satellite apparatuses and are not further elaborated.

[0249] In step 408 , the terminal device determines channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on part or all of the K1 first signals.

[0250] Step 408 may also include: the terminal device determining channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device based on part or all of the K2 second signals. Step 408 may also be replaced by: for one (or each) of N satellite devices, the terminal device determining channel information between the satellite device and the terminal device based on part or all of the signals received from the satellite device, where N is equal to or greater than 2. When the signal transmitted by each of the N satellite devices reaches the terminal device, the corresponding time-frequency resources include the first time-frequency resources.

[0251] The following takes the first satellite device as an example to introduce an implementation method in which the terminal device determines the channel information between a satellite device and the terminal device.

[0252] In one possible implementation, the K1 first signals include K3 first signals, where K3 is a positive integer less than or equal to K1. In the above step 408, the terminal device can determine the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the K3 first signals. The time-frequency resources corresponding to each of the K3 first signals when it arrives at the terminal device are a subset or a full set of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K2 second signals when they arrive at the terminal device. In this way, the interference to the K3 first signals will show a certain regularity, and then these interferences can be minimized or eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired channel information.

[0253] In another possible implementation, the terminal device determines a correction value corresponding to a first signal among the K3 first signals based on the phase of the first signal. The terminal device determines channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the K3 first signals and the correction value corresponding to the first signal among the K3 first signals. The correction value corresponding to a first signal can be used to compensate for the phase of the first signal during the channel estimation process, thereby minimizing or eliminating interference in subsequent channel estimation processes, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired channel information.

[0254] This embodiment of the present application provides a formula for calculating channel information between a first satellite device and a terminal device:

[0255] In formula (8), is the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device, DMRS1 is the signal sequence used to generate the first signal, r 1,i is the (i+1)th first signal, r 1,i A signal among the K3 first signals (ie, a signal used to calculate the channel information is a signal among the K3 first signals), For r 1，i The corresponding correction value, r 1，i The corresponding signal can be expressed as The value range of i is [(g1-1), (N-1)], i is an integer, φ1 is the first phase offset value, · and * both represent multiplication, g1 is a positive integer, and g1 is the ranking of the first first signal among the K3 first signals within the K1 first signals. For example, if the K3 first signals are the first two among the K1 first signals, that is, the first first signal among the K3 first signals is also ranked first among the K1 first signals, the value of g1 is 1, and the value range of i is [0, (N-1)]. For another example, if the K3 first signals are the second and third among the K1 first signals, that is, the first first signal among the K3 first signals is ranked second among the K1 first signals, then the value of g1 is 2, and the value range of i is [1, (N-1)].

[0256] The following examples F1 and F2 illustrate two channel estimation methods. Example F1 uses an example in which N satellite devices include a first satellite device and a second satellite device. Example F2 uses an example in which N satellite devices include a first satellite device, a second satellite device, and a third satellite device.

[0257] Example F1 is introduced by taking N satellite devices including a first satellite device and a second satellite device as an example.

[0258] Figure 5A exemplarily shows a possible example of a signal received by a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 5A, the signal received by the terminal device from the first satellite device includes, for example, the first signal #10, the first signal #11, and the first signal #12. The signal received by the terminal device from the second satellite device includes, for example, the second signal #20, the second signal #21, and the second signal #22. During the transmission process of the first signal #12 in Figure 5A, a part is not affected by the signal of the second satellite device. The first time-frequency resource can be regarded as the time-frequency resource corresponding to the first signal #10 and the first signal #11 when they arrive at the terminal device. It can be seen that the time-frequency resources occupied by the signal of the second satellite device when it arrives at the terminal device also include the first time-frequency resource.

[0259] As shown in Figure 5A, the K3 first signals can be all or part of the first signal #10 and the first signal #11. As can be seen from Figure 5A, the entire transmission process of each first signal in the first signal #10 and the first signal #11 is affected by the signal of the second satellite device. It can also be understood that in the example of Figure 5A, the time-frequency resources corresponding to each first signal in the first signal #10 and the first signal #11 when it arrives at the terminal device are a subset of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K2 second signals (i.e., the second signal #20, the second signal #21, and the second signal #22) when they arrive at the terminal device.

[0260] Taking FIG5A as an example, the first signal #10 sent by the first satellite device is X DMRS,1 , the first signal #11 is The first signal #12 is The second signal #20 sent by the second satellite device is X DMRS,2 , the second signal #21 is The second signal #22 is Since the first signal and the second signal may be affected by some factors during transmission, such as Doppler effect, the received signals may have phase shifts.

[0261] The channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device can be calculated based on the following formula (9):

[0262] In formula (9), is the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device, DMRS1 is the signal sequence used to generate the first signal, r 1,0 is the first signal (i.e., the first signal #10 received by the terminal device), r 1,0 The corresponding signal can be expressed as DMRS1, r 1,1is the second first signal (i.e., the first signal #11 received by the terminal device), For r 1,1 The corresponding correction value, r 1，1 The corresponding signal can be expressed as φ1 is the first phase offset value, r 1,0 The corresponding correction value is 1. In this example, the K3 first signals are described as the first two first signals of the K1 first signals.

[0263] The following is an analysis of formula (9) to illustrate how the method provided by the embodiment of the present application improves the accuracy of the acquired channel information. Since the three first signals received by the terminal device from the first satellite device can be expressed as Since the transmission of the first signal and the second signal may be affected by some factors, such as Doppler effect, the received signals may have phase shifts. The three second signals received by the terminal device from the second satellite device can be expressed as The meaning of the relevant parameters can be found in the descriptions of the above formulas and will not be repeated here. 1,1 The interference W r1,1 and r 1,0 The interference W r1,0 Can satisfy Transform the formula, such as multiplying both sides of the formula by Then you can get: Also because (An example of the above formula (3)), so therefore

[0264] The above formula (9) can be further transformed into: Among them, P r1,0 Can be regarded as r 1,0 The effective signal in P r1,1 Can be regarded as r 1,1 The effective signal in . And because therefore Also because r 1,1 The corresponding signal is therefore Can P r1,1 phase compensation.

[0265] In another possible implementation, the terminal device may further calculate channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device. Similarly, the terminal device may select K4 second signals from the K2 second signals and determine the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the K4 second signals. The K4 second signals may be part or all of the K2 second signals.

[0266] This embodiment of the present application provides a formula for calculating channel information between a second satellite device and a terminal device:

[0267] In formula (10), is the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device, DMRS2 is the signal sequence used to generate the second signal, r 2,i is the (i+1)th second signal, r 2,i A signal among the K4 second signals (ie, a signal used to calculate the channel information is a signal among the K4 second signals), For r 2,i The corresponding correction value, r 2,i The corresponding signal can be expressed as The value range of i is [(g2-1), (N-1)], i is an integer, φ2 is the second phase offset value, · and * both represent multiplication, g2 is a positive integer, and g2 is the ranking of the first second signal among the K4 second signals within the K2 second signals. For example, if the K4 second signals are the first two among the K2 second signals, that is, the first second signal among the K4 second signals is also ranked first among the K2 second signals. The value of g2 is 1, and the value range of i is [0, (N-1)].

[0268] For another example, let's say the K4 second signals are the second and third of the K2 second signals, that is, the first second signal of the K4 second signals is ranked second among the K2 first signals. Therefore, the value of g2 is 2, and the value range of i is [1, (N-1)]. In this example, the above formula (10) can also be written as: Among them, r 2,1 is the second second signal (i.e., the second signal #21 received by the terminal device), r 2,2 is the third second signal (ie, the second signal #22 received by the terminal device).

[0269] As can be seen from Figure 5A , when calculating the channel information between the second satellite apparatus and the terminal device, a portion of the second signal #20 in Figure 5A is not affected by the signal from the first satellite apparatus during transmission. However, both second signal #21 and second signal #22 are affected by the signal from the first satellite apparatus. Therefore, the signals used to calculate the channel information between the second satellite apparatus and the terminal device are second signal #21 and second signal #22. The scheme for calculating the channel information for the second satellite apparatus can be similar to the scheme for calculating the channel information for the first satellite apparatus. The scheme for selecting the signals used to calculate the channel information between the second satellite apparatus and the terminal device can also be similar to the scheme for selecting K1 first signals, and will not be further elaborated here.

[0270] From the above analysis, it can be seen that by applying the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the interference to the signal can be eliminated in the subsequent channel estimation process, thereby improving the accuracy of the channel information.

[0271] Example F2 is described by taking an example where N satellite devices include a first satellite device, a second satellite device, and a third satellite device.

[0272] Figure 5B illustrates a possible example of signals received by a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application. Unlike Figure 5A , in the example shown in Figure 5B , the signal received by the terminal device from the first satellite device also includes first signal #13. The signal received by the terminal device from the second satellite device also includes second signal #23. The signal received by the terminal device from the third satellite device may include, for example, third signal #30, third signal #31, third signal #32, and third signal #33. For other details, please refer to the relevant description of Figure 5A and will not be repeated here.

[0273] During the transmission of first signal #13 in Figure 5B , a portion is not affected by the signals from the second and third satellite devices. The first time-frequency resources can be considered the time-frequency resources corresponding to the arrival of first signals #10, #11, and #12 at the terminal device. It can be seen that the time-frequency resources occupied by the signal from the second satellite device when it arrives at the terminal device also include the first time-frequency resources, and the time-frequency resources occupied by the signal from the third satellite device when it arrives at the terminal device also include the first time-frequency resources.

[0274] As shown in Figure 5B, the K3 first signals can be all or part of the first signal #10, the first signal #11, and the first signal #12. As can be seen from Figure 5B, the entire transmission process of each of the first signals #10, the first signal #11, and the first signal #12 is affected by the signal of the second satellite device. It can also be understood that in the example of Figure 5B, the time-frequency resources corresponding to each of the first signals #10, the first signal #11, and the first signal #12 when arriving at the terminal device are a subset of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K2 second signals (i.e., the second signal #20, the second signal #21, the second signal #22, and the second signal #23) when arriving at the terminal device. The time-frequency resources corresponding to each of the first signals #10, the first signal #11, and the first signal #12 when arriving at the terminal device are a subset of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the signals from the third satellite device (such as the third signal #30, the third signal #31, and the third signal #32) when arriving at the terminal device.

[0275] Compared with FIG5A, the difference is that in FIG5B, the first signal #13 sent by the first satellite device is The second signal #23 sent by the second satellite device is The third signal #30 sent by the third satellite device is X DMRS,3 , the third signal #31 is The third signal #32 is The third signal #33 is For other contents, please refer to the relevant description of Figure 5A and will not be repeated here.

[0276] The channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device can be calculated based on the following formula (11):

[0277] In formula (11), is the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device, DMRS1 is the signal sequence used to generate the first signal, r 1,2 is the third first signal (i.e., the first signal #12 received by the terminal device), For r 1,2 The corresponding correction value, r 1,2 The corresponding signal can be expressed as In this example, the K3 first signals are described as the first three first signals of the K1 first signals.

[0278] The parameters of formula (10) can be found in the relevant content of formula (9) and will not be repeated here.

[0279] Similarly, the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device can be calculated based on the following formula (12):

[0280] In formula (12), is the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device, For r 2,3 The corresponding correction value, r 2,3 is the fourth second signal, r 2,3 The corresponding signal can be expressed as In this example, the K4 second signals are the second second signal, the third second signal, and the fourth second signal of the K2 second signals. The parameters of formula (12) can be found in the relevant content of formula (10), and will not be repeated here.

[0281] As can be seen in conjunction with FIG5B , when calculating the channel information between the second satellite apparatus and the terminal apparatus, a portion of the second signal #20 in FIG5B is not affected by the signal from at least one other satellite apparatus (e.g., the first satellite apparatus) during transmission, while second signals #21, #22, and #23 are all affected by the signal from the first satellite apparatus. Furthermore, second signals #21, #22, and #23 are all affected by the signal from the third satellite apparatus. Therefore, the signals used to calculate the channel information between the second satellite apparatus and the terminal apparatus are second signals #21, #22, and #23. The scheme for calculating the channel information for the second satellite apparatus can be similar to the scheme for calculating the channel information for the first satellite apparatus. The scheme for selecting the signals used to calculate the channel information between the second satellite apparatus and the terminal apparatus can also be similar to the scheme for selecting K1 third signals, and will not be further described.

[0282] Similarly, the channel information between the third satellite device and the terminal device can be calculated based on the following formula (13):

[0283] In formula (13), is the channel information between the second satellite device and the terminal device, DMRS3 is the signal sequence used to generate the third signal, r 3,0 is the first third signal (i.e., the third signal #30 received by the terminal device), r 3,0 The corresponding signal can be expressed as DMRS3, r 3,1 is the second third signal (i.e. the third signal #31 received by the terminal device), r 3,2 is the third signal (i.e., the third signal #32 received by the terminal device), For r 3,1 The corresponding correction value, r 3,1 The corresponding signal can be expressed as For r3,2 The corresponding correction value, r 3,2 The corresponding signal can be expressed as r 3,0 The corresponding correction value is 1. In this example, the first three third signals are used as an example for calculating the channel information between the third satellite device and the terminal device. For related content, please refer to the description of the first satellite device and the second satellite device, which will not be repeated here.

[0284] As can be seen in conjunction with FIG5B , when calculating the channel information between the third satellite apparatus and the terminal apparatus, a portion of the third signal #33 in FIG5B is not affected by the signal from at least one other satellite apparatus (e.g., the second satellite apparatus) during transmission, while the third signals #30, #31, and #32 are all affected by the signal from the first satellite apparatus. Furthermore, the third signals #30, #31, and #32 are all affected by the signal from the second satellite apparatus. Therefore, the signals used to calculate the channel information between the third satellite apparatus and the terminal apparatus are the third signals #30, #31, and #32. The scheme for calculating the channel information for the third satellite apparatus can be similar to the scheme for calculating the channel information for the first satellite apparatus. The scheme for selecting the signals used to calculate the channel information between the second satellite apparatus and the terminal apparatus can also be similar to the scheme for selecting K1 third signals, and will not be further described.

[0285] That is to say, when a satellite device sends a signal and performs channel estimation, the signal selected for use needs to be affected by the signals of each of the other satellite devices among the N satellite devices. In this way, interference can be reduced or eliminated during subsequent channel estimation, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired channel information.

[0286] From the solution provided in FIG4 , it can be seen that in the solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, since the phase of the signal sent by a satellite device can be adjusted and / or the number of occupied time units can be adjusted, the interference in the subsequent channel estimation process can be reduced by adjusting at least one of these parameters, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired channel information.

[0287] In another possible implementation, the location information of the terminal device may change, and / or the location of the satellite device may also change. This may cause the signal transmission delay between the satellite device communicating with the terminal device and the terminal device to change, and / or the frequency offset that occurs when the signal sent by the satellite device reaches the terminal device may change. Therefore, in an embodiment of the present application, the satellite device may subsequently update the phase of the signal sent, for example, the number of time units occupied by the signal sent by the satellite device and / or the corresponding TPF. This may further improve the accuracy of the channel information.

[0288] Figure 6 illustrates an exemplary effect diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, lines #11 and #21 in (a) of Figure 6 are examples where the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is not applied, while lines #11 and #21 in (b) of Figure 6 are examples where the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application is applied. In Figures 6 (a) and (b), lines #10 and #20 represent the traditional least squares (LS) channel estimation method, and lines #12 and #22 represent the single-satellite channel estimation method. Lines #10, #11, and #12 represent the performance before time-domain windowing, and lines #20, #21, and #22 represent the performance after time-domain windowing. Here, time domain windowing means that after using LS to obtain the frequency domain channel estimate, it is transformed into the time domain to obtain the time domain channel estimate, and then the time domain channel estimate is multiplied by the window function to filter out the interference and noise signals outside the window. Finally, the windowed time domain channel estimate is transformed back to the frequency domain to obtain the final frequency domain channel estimate. In Figure 6(b), line #11 basically coincides with line #12, and line #21 basically coincides with line #22. It can be seen from lines #11 and #21 in Figure 6(a) and lines #11 and #21 in Figure 6(b) that the solution provided by the embodiment of the present application can better suppress the interference of signals (such as pilot signals) between different satellites, and may achieve the same performance as single-satellite channel estimation.

[0289] It is understood that in order to implement the functions in the above embodiments, the first device, the second device, and the positioning management device may include hardware structures and / or software modules that perform the corresponding functions. Those skilled in the art should readily appreciate that, in combination with the units and method steps of the various examples described in the embodiments disclosed in this application, this application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in hardware or in a manner driven by computer software depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.

[0290] Figures 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams of the structures of possible communication devices provided in embodiments of the present application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the terminal or base station in the above-mentioned method embodiments, and thus can also achieve the beneficial effects possessed by the above-mentioned method embodiments. In the embodiments of the present application, the communication device can be a terminal device or a chip system of a terminal device as shown in Figure 1A or Figure 1B, or it can be applied to a satellite device or a chip system of a satellite device as shown in Figure 1A or Figure 1B.

[0291] As shown in Figure 7, communication device 1300 includes a processing unit 1310 and a transceiver unit 1320. Communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device, the first satellite device, or the second satellite device in the method embodiments shown in Figures 2 or 4 above. Transceiver unit 1320 may also be referred to as a communication unit. Transceiver unit 1320 may include a transmitting unit and a receiving unit.

[0292] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG2 , the transceiver unit 1320 may perform the above step 201, and the processing unit 1310 may perform step 202. When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG2 , the transceiver unit 1320 may perform the above step 201.

[0293] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG4 , the transceiver unit 1320 may perform steps 401, 403, 404, 406, and 407, and the processing unit 1310 may perform step 408. When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG4 , the transceiver unit 1320 may perform steps 401, 403, 404, 406, and 407, and the processing unit 1310 may perform steps 402 and 405.

[0294] When communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of a terminal device in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the receiving unit is configured to receive K1 first signals from a first satellite device. Processing unit 1310 is configured to determine channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the first phase offset value and some or all of the K1 first signals.

[0295] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the receiving unit is used to receive K2 second signals from the second satellite device.

[0296] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4, in one possible implementation, the sending unit is used to send information indicating a first frequency difference, and the first frequency difference is used to determine a first phase offset value.

[0297] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the sending unit is used to send location information of the terminal device, and the location information is used to determine the first phase offset value.

[0298] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4, in one possible implementation, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating the first phase offset value, and determine the first phase offset value based on the information indicating the first phase offset value.

[0299] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4, in one possible implementation, the processing unit 1310 is used to obtain a first frequency difference and determine a first phase offset value according to the first frequency difference.

[0300] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating K1 time units.

[0301] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating K2 time units.

[0302] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the functions of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the processing unit 1310 is used to determine channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on K3 first signals.

[0303] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4, in one possible implementation, the processing unit 1310 is used to determine, for a first signal among K3 first signals, a correction value corresponding to the first signal based on the phase of the first signal, and determine the channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device based on the K3 first signals and the correction value corresponding to the first signal among the K3 first signals.

[0304] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4, in one possible implementation, the processing unit 1310 is used to obtain first phase offset values ​​corresponding to K1 first signals, and the sending unit is used to send K1 first signals.

[0305] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4, in one possible implementation, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating the first frequency difference and determine the first phase offset value according to the first frequency difference.

[0306] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the receiving unit is used to receive location information of the terminal device and determine the first phase offset value according to the location information.

[0307] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the sending unit is used to send information indicating the first phase offset value.

[0308] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the sending unit is used to send information indicating the second phase offset value.

[0309] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the processing unit 1310 is used to determine K1 time units and / or K2 time units.

[0310] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the sending unit is used to send information indicating K1 time units.

[0311] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the first satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in a possible implementation manner, the sending unit is used to send information indicating K2 time units.

[0312] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the second satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the processing unit 1310 is configured to obtain second phase offset values ​​corresponding to K2 second signals, where K2 is a positive integer greater than 1, and the second phase offset value is a phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 second signals. The second phase offset value is associated with a frequency offset value that occurs when the signal of the second satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device.

[0313] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the second satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the sending unit is used to send K2 second signals.

[0314] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the second satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating the second phase offset value.

[0315] When the communication device 1300 is used to implement the function of the second satellite device in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , in one possible implementation, the receiving unit is used to receive information indicating K2 time units.

[0316] For a more detailed description of the processing unit 1310 and the transceiver unit 1320 , reference may be made to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 .

[0317] As shown in Figure 8, the communication device 1400 includes a processor 1410 and an interface circuit 1420. The processor 1410 and the interface circuit 1420 are coupled to each other. It is understandable that the interface circuit 1420 can be a transceiver or an input-output interface. The transceiver includes a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter can be used to send information, the receiver can be used to receive information, and other functions can be implemented by the processor. The input-output interface is used to input and / or output information. Output can be understood as sending, and input can be understood as receiving. Other functions can be implemented by the processor. Optionally, the communication device 1400 may also include a memory 1430 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1410 or storing input data required by the processor 1410 to execute instructions or storing data generated after the processor 1410 executes instructions.

[0318] When the communication device 1400 is used to implement the method shown in FIG. 2 or FIG. 4 , the processor 1410 is used to implement the functions of the processing unit 1310 , and the interface circuit 1420 is used to implement the functions of the transceiver unit 1320 .

[0319] When the communication device is a chip used in a terminal, the terminal chip implements the functions of the terminal device in the above method embodiment. When the terminal chip receives information from the satellite device, it can be understood that the information is first received by other modules in the terminal (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) and then sent to the terminal chip by these modules. When the terminal chip sends information to the satellite device, it can be understood that the information is first sent to other modules in the terminal (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) and then sent to the satellite device by these modules.

[0320] When the communication device is a chip used in a satellite device, the satellite device chip implements the functions of the satellite device in the above-mentioned method embodiment. When the satellite device chip receives information from the terminal, it can be understood that the information is first received by other modules in the satellite device (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) and then transmitted to the satellite device chip by these modules. When the satellite device chip sends information to the terminal, it can be understood that the information is sent to other modules in the satellite device (such as a radio frequency module or antenna) and then transmitted to the terminal by these modules.

[0321] In the present application, when entity A sends information to entity B, it can be that A sends it directly to B, or that A sends it to B indirectly through other entities. Similarly, when entity B receives information from entity A, it can be that entity B directly receives the information sent by entity A, or that entity B indirectly receives the information sent by entity A through other entities. Entities A and B here can be satellite devices or terminals, or modules within satellite devices or terminals. The sending and receiving of information can be information interaction between a satellite device and a terminal, for example, information interaction between a satellite device and a terminal; the sending and receiving of information can also be information interaction between two satellite devices, for example, information interaction between a CU and a DU; the sending and receiving of information can also be information interaction between different modules within a device, for example, information interaction between a terminal chip and other modules of the terminal, or information interaction between a base station chip and other modules in the base station.

[0322] It is understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0323] The method steps in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in hardware or in software instructions that can be executed by a processor. The software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and the software modules can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disks, mobile hard disks, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or any other form of storage medium well known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from the storage medium and write information to the storage medium. The storage medium can also be an integral part of the processor. The processor and the storage medium can be located in an ASIC. In addition, the ASIC can be located in a base station or a terminal. The processor and the storage medium can also be present in a base station or a terminal as discrete components.

[0324] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented using software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. A computer program product includes one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions of the embodiments of the present application are performed. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a network device, a user device, or other programmable device. The computer program or instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transferred from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer program or instructions may be transferred from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired or wireless means. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available media may be magnetic media, such as floppy disks, hard disks, or magnetic tapes; optical media, such as digital video disks; or semiconductor media, such as solid-state drives. The computer-readable storage medium may be a volatile or nonvolatile storage medium, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage media.

[0325] In the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0326] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In the text description of this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship; in the formula of this application, the character " / " indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in a "division" relationship. "Including at least one of A, B and C" can mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B and C. "Including at least one of A, B or C" can mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B and C.

[0327] It is understood that the various numbers involved in the embodiments of this application (such as the numerical numbers "first" and "second", and the letter numbers "A1, A2", "B1, B2", "C1, C2", etc.) are only for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic.

Claims

1. A method for determining channel information, characterized in that: The method is applied to a terminal device, and the method comprises: receiving K1 first signals from a first satellite device, where K1 is a positive integer greater than 1, a phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals is a first phase offset value, and the first phase offset value is associated with a value of a frequency offset that occurs when a signal from the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device; Channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device is determined according to the first phase offset value and part or all of the K1 first signals.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: receiving K2 second signals from a second satellite device, where K2 is a positive integer greater than 1; The first phase offset value is associated with a first frequency difference, and the first frequency difference is a difference in frequency offsets that occur when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device; or, The first phase offset value, the second phase offset value and the first frequency difference are associated, and the second phase offset value is a phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among K2 second signals sent by the second satellite device.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The first phase offset value is φ1, the second phase offset value is φ2, The β D1,2 is the difference in phase offset values ​​when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, π is a constant, q1 is a positive integer, and N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The value of q1 is an odd number.

5. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises: sending information indicating the first frequency difference, where the first frequency difference is used to determine the first phase offset value; or, Sending location information of the terminal device, where the location information is used to determine the first phase offset value.

6. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The method further comprises: receiving information indicating the first phase offset value, and determining the first phase offset value according to the information indicating the first phase offset value; or, The first frequency difference is acquired, and the first phase offset value is determined according to the first frequency difference.

7. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that: At least one of the following parameters is adjustable: the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, the value of K1, or the value of K2.

8. The method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The K1 first signals are sent by the first satellite device at K1 time units, and the K2 second signals are sent by the second satellite device at K2 time units. The value of K2 and / or the value of K1 are associated with a first time difference, and the first time difference is determined based on the difference between the times when the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal device.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The method further comprises: Receive information indicating the K1 time units and / or information indicating the K2 time units.

10. The method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: When the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration occupied by the cyclic prefix CP: the K1 is equal to or greater than the N, and / or the K2 is equal to or greater than the N, where N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device; or When the first time difference is greater than the duration occupied by the CP, and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of a time unit: K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1), and / or K2 is equal to or greater than (N+1).

11. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: An offset is included between the first time unit of the K1 time units and the first time unit of the K2 time units, and the offset is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of one time unit.

12. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that: The difference between the start sending time of the K1 first signals and the start sending time of the K2 second signals is the second time difference, and the second time difference is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of a time unit.

13. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that: The K1 first signals include K3 first signals, where K3 is a positive integer less than or equal to K1, and the time-frequency resources corresponding to each first signal of the K3 first signals when arriving at the terminal device are a subset or a full set of the time-frequency resources corresponding to the K2 second signals when arriving at the terminal device; The determining, according to part or all of the K1 first signals, channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device includes: Channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device is determined according to the K3 first signals.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The method further comprises: For a first signal among the K3 first signals, determining a correction value corresponding to the first signal according to a phase of the first signal; Channel information between the first satellite device and the terminal device is determined according to the K3 first signals and the correction value corresponding to the first signal among the K3 first signals.

15. A method for determining channel information, characterized in that: The method is applied to a first satellite device, and the method comprises: Acquire a first phase offset value corresponding to K1 first signals, where K1 is a positive integer greater than 1, the first phase offset value is a phase offset value between two first signals adjacent in the time domain among the K1 first signals, and the first phase offset value is associated with a value of a frequency offset that occurs when a signal from the first satellite device is transmitted to the terminal device; The K1 first signals are sent.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that The first phase offset value is associated with a first frequency difference, where the first frequency difference is a difference in frequency offsets that occur when a signal from the first satellite device and a signal from the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device; or, The first phase offset value, the second phase offset value and the first frequency difference are associated, the second phase offset value is the phase offset value between two second signals adjacent in the time domain among K2 second signals sent by the second satellite device, and K2 is a positive integer greater than 1.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that The first phase offset value is φ1, the second phase offset value is φ2, The β D1,2 is the difference in phase offset values ​​when the signal of the first satellite device and the signal of the second satellite device are respectively transmitted to the terminal device, π is a constant, q1 is a positive integer, and N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device.

18. The method according to claim 17, characterized in that The value of q1 is an odd number.

19. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that: The method further comprises: receiving information indicating the first frequency difference, and determining the first phase offset value according to the first frequency difference; or, Receive location information of the terminal device, and determine the first phase offset value according to the location information.

20. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 19, characterized in that: The method further comprises: sending information indicating the first phase offset value; and / or; Information indicating the second phase offset value is sent.

21. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 20, characterized in that: At least one of the following parameters is adjustable: the first phase offset value, the second phase offset value, the value of K1, or the value of K2.

22. The method according to any one of claims 16 to 21, characterized in that: The K1 first signals are sent by the first satellite device at K1 time units, and the K2 second signals are sent by the second satellite device at K2 time units; The method further comprises: The K1 time units and / or the K2 time units are determined, wherein the value of K2 and / or the value of K1 is associated with a first time difference, wherein the first time difference is determined based on the difference between the times when the K1 first signals and the K2 second signals respectively arrive at the terminal device.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein: The method further comprises: Sending information indicating the K1 time units; and / or, Information indicating the K2 time units is sent.

24. The method according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that: When the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration occupied by the cyclic prefix CP: the K1 is equal to or greater than the N, and / or the K2 is equal to or greater than the N, where N is the number of N satellite devices communicating with the terminal device; or When the first time difference is greater than the duration occupied by the CP, and the first time difference is less than or equal to the duration of a time unit: K1 is equal to or greater than (N+1), and / or K2 is equal to or greater than (N+1).

25. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that: An offset is included between the first time unit of the K1 time units and the first time unit of the K2 time units, and the offset is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of one time unit.

26. The method according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that: The difference between the start sending time of the K1 first signals and the start sending time of the K2 second signals is the second time difference, and the second time difference is used to make the difference between the time when the K1 first signals of the first satellite device and the K2 second signals of the second satellite device respectively arrive at the terminal device less than or equal to the duration of a time unit.

27. A communication device, characterized in that: Comprising means for executing the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14.

28. A communication device, characterized in that: The device comprises at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor implements the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14 through logic circuits or executing computer programs or instructions.

29. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises at least one processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is used to receive signals from other communication devices and transmit them to the at least one processor or send signals from the processor to other communication devices, and the processor is used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14 through a logic circuit or executing code instructions.

30. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program or an instruction. When the computer program or the instruction is executed by the communication device, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14 is implemented.

31. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product stores a computer program, wherein the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

32. A communication device, characterized in that: Comprising means for performing the method as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 26.

33. A communication device, characterized in that: The device comprises at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor implements the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26 through a logic circuit or executing a computer program or instruction.

34. A communication device, characterized in that: It includes at least one processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is used to receive signals from other communication devices and transmit them to the processor or send signals from the at least one processor to other communication devices, and the processor is used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 15 to 26 through logic circuits or executing code instructions.

35. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program or an instruction, and when the computer program or the instruction is executed by the communication device, the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26 is implemented.

36. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product stores a computer program, wherein the computer program includes program instructions, and when the program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer is caused to perform the method according to any one of claims 15 to 26.

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