Spindle hoisting structure, drilling mechanism, and multi-spindle drilling machine

Abstract

A multi-spindle drilling machine, provided with a drilling mechanism comprising a spindle hoisting structure. The spindle hoisting structure comprises a Z-direction driving assembly, a hoisting assembly, and a spindle. A first end of the hoisting assembly is connected to the spindle; and a second end of the hoisting assembly is connected to the Z-direction driving assembly. The Z-direction driving assembly is used for driving the hoisting assembly to move in the Z direction, so as to drive the spindle to move in the Z direction. In this way, the technical problems of clamping stagnation and scratch of the spindle caused by non-parallelism between an actual movement track of the spindle and a preset movement track are effectively avoided.

Description

Spindle hoisting structure, drilling mechanism and multi-spindle drilling machine

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application number 202323305533.4 filed on December 5, 2023, entitled “Spindle Hoisting Structure, Drilling Mechanism and Multi-Axis Drilling Machine,” the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to a spindle hoisting structure, a drilling mechanism and a multi-spindle drilling machine. Background Art

[0003] The air-floating sleeve drilling mechanism generally includes a mounting frame, a Z-direction drive assembly, a spindle, and an air-floating sleeve. The air-floating sleeve and the Z-direction drive assembly are respectively installed on the mounting frame. The upper end of the spindle is connected to the Z-direction drive assembly, and the lower end of the spindle is inserted into the center hole of the air-floating sleeve. A radial air gap is formed between the spindle and the air-floating sleeve. The Z-direction drive assembly can drive the spindle to move along the Z direction to drive the drill bit installed at the bottom of the spindle to drill.

[0004] However, in the prior art, the main shaft and the Z-axis drive assembly are mostly rigidly and directly connected. When there is an error in the parallelism between the actual motion trajectory of the main shaft and the preset motion trajectory, the main shaft is prone to friction or collision with the air bearing sleeve, causing the main shaft to become stuck or scratched.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is: to provide a spindle hoisting structure, a drilling mechanism and a multi-axis drilling machine to address the technical problem in the prior art that the spindle is easily stuck or scratched due to the rigid connection between the spindle and the Z-axis drive assembly.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, on the one hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a spindle hoisting structure, comprising a Z-direction drive assembly, a hoisting assembly, and a spindle, wherein a first end of the hoisting assembly is connected to the spindle, and a second end of the hoisting assembly is connected to the Z-direction drive assembly;

[0008] The Z-direction driving assembly is used to drive the hoisting assembly to move along the Z-direction, thereby driving the main shaft to move along the Z-direction.

[0009] According to the spindle hoisting structure of the embodiment of the present application, during operation, the Z-direction drive assembly can be used to drive the hoisting assembly to move in the Z direction, thereby driving the spindle to move up and down in the Z direction to achieve drilling. Since the hoisting assembly is provided between the Z-direction drive assembly and the spindle, when there is a parallelism error between the actual motion trajectory of the spindle and the preset motion trajectory, the structure or state of the hoisting assembly can be adjusted to adjust the actual motion trajectory of the spindle, correcting the parallelism error between the actual motion trajectory of the spindle and the preset motion trajectory, thereby preventing friction or collision between the spindle and the air bearing sleeve, and effectively avoiding the spindle from getting stuck or scratched due to non-parallelism.

[0010] Optionally, the lifting assembly includes a lifting rod, a flange and a pressure cover, the pressure cover is installed on the upper end of the main shaft, the flange is pressed between the pressure cover and the main shaft along the axial direction of the main shaft, the first end of the lifting rod passes through the pressure cover and is connected to the flange, and the second end of the lifting rod is connected to the Z-axis drive assembly.

[0011] Optionally, the boom is deformable in response to movement of the main shaft.

[0012] Optionally, a receiving groove is provided on a side of the gland facing the main shaft, and the flange is received in the receiving groove.

[0013] Optionally, the gland is further provided with a through hole communicating with the bottom of the accommodating groove, and the first end of the suspension rod passes through the through hole and is connected to the flange.

[0014] Optionally, the central axis of the boom when not deformed is collinear with the central axis of the flange;

[0015] The central axis of the accommodating groove is collinear with the central axis of the through hole.

[0016] Optionally, along the radial direction of the flange, a first gap is formed between the groove wall of the accommodating groove and the flange, and a second gap is formed between the hole wall of the through hole and the suspension rod.

[0017] Optionally, along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the suspension rod, the cross-sections of the receiving groove, the flange, the through hole, and the suspension rod are all circular;

[0018] The cross-sectional radius of the accommodating groove is larger than the cross-sectional radius of the flange, and the cross-sectional radius of the through hole is larger than the cross-sectional radius of the suspension rod.

[0019] Optionally, the boom comprises a first boom section, a second boom section and a third boom section connected in sequence, the first boom section is connected to the flange, and the third boom end is connected to the Z-direction drive assembly;

[0020] Along the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the boom, the cross-sections of the first boom segment, the second boom segment and the third boom segment are all circular, and the cross-sectional radius of the second boom segment is smaller than the cross-sectional radius of the first boom segment and the cross-sectional radius of the third boom segment.

[0021] Optionally, the suspension rod is a structure that is thin in the middle and thick at both ends.

[0022] Optionally, the suspension rod and the flange are integrally formed.

[0023] Optionally, the lifting assembly further includes an extension rod connected between the second end of the lifting rod and the Z-direction drive assembly.

[0024] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a drilling mechanism, which includes a mounting frame, an air floating sleeve and the above-mentioned spindle lifting structure, the Z-axis drive assembly and the air floating sleeve are respectively installed on the mounting frame, the lower end of the spindle is inserted into the center hole of the air floating sleeve, and a radial air gap is formed between the spindle and the air floating sleeve.

[0025] According to the drilling mechanism of the embodiment of the present application, during operation, the Z-direction drive assembly can drive the hoisting assembly to move in the Z direction. The spindle, driven by the hoisting assembly and guided by the air-bearing sleeve, moves up and down in the Z direction to achieve drilling. If a parallelism error occurs between the spindle's actual motion trajectory and the preset motion trajectory, the structure or state of the hoisting assembly can be adjusted to adjust the spindle's actual motion trajectory, correcting the parallelism error between the actual and preset motion trajectories. This prevents friction or collision between the spindle and the air-bearing sleeve, effectively avoiding spindle jamming or scratches caused by non-parallelism.

[0026] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present application provides a multi-axis drilling machine, which includes a machine tool and the above-mentioned drilling mechanism, each of which is installed on the machine tool respectively, and a number of drilling stations for processing a single plate are arranged at intervals on the machine tool, and each drilling station is correspondingly provided with two drilling mechanisms.

[0027] According to the drilling machine of the embodiment of the present application, during operation, the Z-direction drive assembly can be used to drive the hoisting assembly to move relative to the machine tool in the Z direction. The spindle, driven by the hoisting assembly and guided by the air-floating sleeve, moves up and down in the Z direction to achieve drilling. When there is a parallelism error between the actual motion trajectory of the spindle and the preset motion trajectory, the structure or state of the hoisting assembly can be adjusted to adjust the actual motion trajectory of the spindle, correct the parallelism error between the actual motion trajectory of the spindle and the preset motion trajectory, prevent the spindle from rubbing or colliding with the air-floating sleeve, and effectively avoid the spindle from getting stuck or scratched due to non-parallelism.

[0028] Optionally, a plurality of drilling stations are provided, and the plurality of drilling stations are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the X direction.

[0029] Optionally, the central axes of the main shafts of the drilling mechanisms are parallel to each other, and the central axes of the main shafts are located in the same plane parallel to the X-direction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a spindle hoisting structure provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the extension rod in FIG1 ;

[0032] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the boom and flange in FIG1 ;

[0033] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the gland in FIG1 ;

[0034] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-spindle drilling machine provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0035] The reference numerals in the specification are as follows:

[0036] 10. Drilling mechanism;

[0037] 1. Z-axis drive assembly;

[0038] 2. Lifting assembly; 21. Lifting rod; 211. First rod segment; 212. Second rod segment; 213. Third rod segment; 22. Flange; 23. Gland; 231. Through hole; 24. Extension rod;

[0039] 3. Spindle;

[0040] 20. Machine tools;

[0041] 30. Material sheet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by this application more clearly understood, this application is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0043] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the drilling mechanism 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a mounting frame, an air floating sleeve and a spindle hoisting structure, the spindle hoisting structure includes a Z-direction drive component 1, a hoisting component 2 and a spindle 3, the Z-direction drive component 1 and the air floating sleeve are respectively installed on the mounting frame, the upper end of the spindle 3 is connected to the Z-direction drive component 1 through the hoisting component 2, and the lower end of the spindle 3 is inserted into the center hole of the air floating sleeve, and a radial air gap is formed between the spindle 3 and the air floating sleeve.

[0044] The Z-direction driving assembly 1 is used to drive the hoisting assembly 2 to move along the Z-direction, thereby driving the main shaft 3 to move along the Z-direction.

[0045] The drilling mechanism 10 and the spindle hoisting structure provided in the embodiment of the present application can drive the hoisting assembly 2 to move in the Z direction through the Z-direction drive assembly 1 during operation. The spindle 3 can move up and down in the Z direction under the driving action of the hoisting assembly 2 and the guiding action of the air-floating sleeve to achieve drilling. Since the hoisting assembly 2 is provided between the Z-direction drive assembly 1 and the spindle 3, when there is an error in the parallelism between the actual motion trajectory of the spindle 3 and the preset motion trajectory, the structure or state of the hoisting assembly 2 can be adjusted to adjust the actual motion trajectory of the spindle 3, correct the parallelism error between the actual motion trajectory of the spindle 3 and the preset motion trajectory, prevent the spindle 3 from rubbing or colliding with the air-floating sleeve, and effectively avoid the spindle 3 from getting stuck or scratched due to non-parallelism.

[0046] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, the hoisting assembly 2 includes a suspending rod 21, a flange 22, and a gland 23. The gland 23 is mounted on the upper end of the main shaft 3. The flange 22 is compressed between the gland 23 and the main shaft 3 along the axial direction of the main shaft 3. The first end of the suspending rod 21 passes through the gland 23 and is connected to the flange 22 to indirectly connect the first end of the suspending assembly 2 to the main shaft 3. The second end of the suspending rod 21 is connected to the Z-axis drive assembly 1 to connect the second end of the suspending assembly 2 to the Z-axis drive assembly 1.

[0047] Since the flange 22 is pressed tightly between the pressure cover 23 and the main shaft 3, the main shaft 3 can be fixed relative to the pressure cover 23, effectively preventing the main shaft 3 from rotating.

[0048] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , the suspension rod 21 can be slightly deformed as the main shaft 3 moves.

[0049] Since the boom 21 can be slightly deformed with the movement of the spindle 3, it can adapt to the non-absolute parallelism between the Z-direction drive and the actual motion trajectory of the spindle, ensure the parallelism between the actual motion trajectory of the spindle 3 and the preset motion trajectory, avoid errors in the parallelism, prevent the spindle 3 from rubbing or colliding with the air floating sleeve, and effectively avoid the spindle 3 from being stuck or scratched due to non-parallelism.

[0050] It should be noted that the preset motion trajectory of the main shaft 3 is a trajectory parallel to the axis of the air-floating sleeve. The slight deformation means that the suspension rod 21 is radially bent relative to the original axis, that is, the axis of the suspension rod 21 will deviate from the original axis after the bending deformation.

[0051] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3 , the suspension rod 21 and the flange 22 are integrally formed, which can reduce assembly parts and enhance the stability between the suspension rod 21 and the flange 22 to avoid loosening due to an additional connection between the two.

[0052] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3 , a receiving groove is provided on the side of the gland 23 facing the main shaft 3, and the flange 22 is received in the receiving groove. At this time, the flange 22 is fully or at least partially received in the receiving groove, and the flange 22 is pressed tightly between the gland 23 and the main shaft 3 along the axial direction of the main shaft 3 to prevent the gland 23 from rotating relative to the flange 22, thereby preventing the main shaft 3 from rotating.

[0053] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3 , the gland 23 is further provided with a through hole 231 communicating with the bottom of the accommodating groove, and the first end of the suspension rod 21 passes through the through hole 231 and is connected to the flange 22 .

[0054] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3 , the central axis of the undeformed suspension rod 21 is collinear with the central axis of the flange 22 to ensure the stability of the connection between the portion formed by the suspension rod 21 and the flange 22 and the gland 23. Accordingly, the central axis of the receiving groove can be collinear with the central axis of the through hole 231.

[0055] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 , along the radial direction of the flange 22 , a first gap is formed between the groove wall of the accommodating groove and the flange 22 , and a second gap is formed between the hole wall of the through hole 231 and the suspension rod 21 .

[0056] During assembly, the position of the flange 22 relative to the receiving groove and the position of the suspension rod 21 relative to the through hole 231 can be adjusted along the radial direction of the flange 22, thereby adjusting the position of the main shaft 3 along the horizontal direction (such as the X and Y directions).

[0057] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, along the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the suspension rod 21, the cross-section of the accommodating groove, the cross-section of the flange 22, the cross-section of the through hole 231 and the cross-section of the suspension rod 21 are all circular, the cross-sectional radius of the accommodating groove is larger than the cross-sectional radius of the flange 22, and the cross-sectional radius of the through hole 231 is larger than the cross-sectional radius of the suspension rod 21, so that a first gap is formed between the groove wall of the accommodating groove and the flange 22, and a second gap is formed between the hole wall of the through hole 231 and the suspension rod 21, so as to facilitate adjustment of the position of the main shaft 3 along the horizontal direction (such as the X direction and the Y direction).

[0058] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG3 , the suspension rod 21 includes a first rod segment 211 , a second rod segment 212 and a third rod segment 213 connected in sequence, the first rod segment 211 is connected to the flange 22 , and the third rod end is connected to the Z-direction drive assembly 1 .

[0059] Along the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the suspension rod 21, the cross-sections of the first rod segment 211, the second rod segment 212 and the third rod segment 213 are all circular, and the cross-sectional radius of the second rod segment 212 is smaller than the cross-sectional radius of the first rod segment 211 and the cross-sectional radius of the third rod segment 213.

[0060] The suspension rod 21 is roughly thin in the middle and thick at both ends. This shape design can not only ensure the stable connection between the suspension rod 21 and adjacent structural parts (such as the flange 22, the Z-direction drive assembly 1 or the extension rod 24 described below), but also allow the middle part of the suspension rod 21 to be slightly deformed, thereby ensuring the parallelism between the actual motion trajectory of the main shaft 3 and the preset motion trajectory.

[0061] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, when the sum of the driving distance of the Z-direction drive assembly 1 and the overall length (length along the Z-direction) of the boom 21 and the main shaft 3 is insufficient for drilling, the lifting assembly 2 may further include an extension rod 24, which is connected between the second end of the boom 21 and the Z-direction drive assembly 1 to ensure that drilling is carried out.

[0062] The extension rod 24 can have various specifications, and the extension rod 24 of different specifications can be replaced according to actual needs.

[0063] The drilling mechanism 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, when it is necessary to adjust the position of the spindle 3 in the horizontal direction (such as the X direction and the Y direction), the connection between the pressure cover 23 and the spindle 3 can be loosened first to release the pressure on the flange 22 along the axial direction of the spindle 3, and then the first rod segment 211 of the boom 1 and the flange 22 are moved together along the radial direction of the flange 22 to adjust the position of the first rod segment 211 of the boom 1 and the flange 22 relative to the pressure cover 23, and then the position of the spindle 3 relative to the first rod segment 211 of the boom 1 and the flange 22 is adjusted to achieve the position adjustment of the spindle 3. After the position is adjusted, the connection between the pressure cover 23 and the spindle 3 is tightened.

[0064] The multi-axis drilling machine provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 5, includes a machine tool 20 and the drilling mechanism 10 provided in the above embodiment. The drilling mechanism 10 is installed on the machine tool 20 through the mounting seat. A plurality of drilling stations for processing a single plate 30 are arranged at intervals on the machine tool 20, and each drilling station is correspondingly provided with two drilling mechanisms 10.

[0065] In a specific embodiment, the number of axes of the multi-axis drilling machine is consistent with the number of the drilling mechanisms 10. The multi-axis drilling machine can be 6-axis, 8-axis, or 12-axis (as shown in FIG5 ). It can be understood that since each drilling station is correspondingly provided with two drilling mechanisms, the number of axes of the multi-axis drilling machine is an even number.

[0066] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A spindle hoisting structure, characterized in that: It comprises a Z-direction drive assembly (1), a hoisting assembly (2) and a main shaft (3), wherein a first end of the hoisting assembly (2) is connected to the main shaft (3), and a second end of the hoisting assembly (2) is connected to the Z-direction drive assembly (1); The Z-direction driving component (1) is used to drive the hoisting component (2) to move along the Z direction, thereby driving the main shaft (3) to move along the Z direction.

2. The spindle hoisting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hoisting assembly (2) comprises a suspension rod (21), a flange (22) and a pressure cover (23); the pressure cover (23) is installed on the upper end of the main shaft (3); the flange (22) is pressed between the pressure cover (23) and the main shaft (3) along the axial direction of the main shaft (3); the first end of the suspension rod (21) passes through the pressure cover (23) and is connected to the flange (22); the second end of the suspension rod (21) is connected to the Z-axis drive assembly (1).

3. The spindle hoisting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The suspension rod (21) can deform along with the movement of the main shaft (3).

4. The spindle hoisting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A receiving groove is provided on one side of the gland (23) facing the main shaft (3), and the flange (22) is received in the receiving groove.

5. The spindle hoisting structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gland (23) is also provided with a through hole (231) communicating with the bottom of the accommodating groove, and the first end of the suspension rod (21) passes through the through hole (231) and is connected to the flange (22).

6. [Corrected 27.12.2024 in accordance with Rule 26] The spindle hoisting structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The central axis of the suspension rod (21) when not deformed is collinear with the central axis of the flange (22); The central axis of the accommodating groove is collinear with the central axis of the through hole (231).

7. [Corrected 27.12.2024 in accordance with Rule 26] The spindle hoisting structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: Along the radial direction of the flange (22), a first gap is formed between the groove wall of the accommodating groove and the flange (22), and a second gap is formed between the hole wall of the through hole (231) and the suspension rod (21).

8. [Corrected 27.12.2024 in accordance with Rule 26] The spindle hoisting structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: Along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the suspension rod (21), the cross-sections of the receiving groove, the flange (22), the through hole (231) and the suspension rod (21) are all circular; The cross-sectional radius of the accommodating groove is greater than the cross-sectional radius of the flange (22), and the cross-sectional radius of the through hole (231) is greater than the cross-sectional radius of the suspension rod (21).

9. [Corrected 27.12.2024 in accordance with Rule 26] The spindle hoisting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The suspension rod (21) comprises a first rod segment (211), a second rod segment (212) and a third rod segment (213) which are connected in sequence, the first rod segment (211) is connected to the flange (22), and the third rod end is connected to the Z-direction drive assembly (1); Along a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the suspension rod (21), the cross-sections of the first rod segment (211), the second rod segment (212) and the third rod segment (213) are all circular, and the cross-sectional radius of the second rod segment (212) is smaller than the cross-sectional radius of the first rod segment (211) and the cross-sectional radius of the third rod segment (213).

10. The spindle hoisting structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The suspension rod (21) is of a structure that is thin in the middle and thick at both ends.

11. The spindle hoisting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The suspension rod (21) and the flange (22) are integrally formed.

12. The spindle hoisting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hoisting assembly (2) further comprises an extension rod (24), wherein the extension rod (24) is connected between the second end of the hoisting rod (21) and the Z-direction driving assembly (1).

13. A drilling mechanism (10), characterized in that: It comprises a mounting frame, an air flotation sleeve and a spindle hoisting structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the Z-axis drive assembly (1) and the air flotation sleeve are respectively mounted on the mounting frame, the lower end of the spindle (3) is inserted into the center hole of the air flotation sleeve, and a radial air gap is formed between the spindle (3) and the air flotation sleeve.

14. A multi-axis drilling machine, characterized in that: It comprises a machine tool (20) and the drilling mechanism (10) as claimed in claim 13, wherein each of the drilling mechanisms (10) is respectively installed on the machine tool (20), and a plurality of drilling stations for processing a single plate (30) are arranged at intervals on the machine tool (20), and each of the drilling stations is correspondingly provided with two of the drilling mechanisms (10).

15. The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 14, characterized in that: There are multiple drilling stations, and the multiple drilling stations are sequentially spaced along the X direction.

16. The multi-axis drilling machine according to claim 15, characterized in that: The central axes of the main shafts (3) of the drilling mechanisms (10) are parallel to each other, and the central axes of the main shafts (3) are located in the same plane parallel to the X direction.

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