Laminate and display device

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of providing a display device and a laminate having good crack resistance, adhesiveness, and durability. A laminate according to the present invention has a light-absorbing anisotropic layer and an adhesive layer provided adjacent to at least one surface of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer, wherein the light-absorbing anisotropic layer contains a dichroic substance having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less, the indentation elastic modulus of the adhesive layer is 0.4-6.0 MPa, and the adhesive layer satisfies condition 1 or 2 regarding a low-molecular-weight component having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less.　Condition 1: A low-molecular-weight component is not contained.　Condition 2: If a low-molecular-weight component is contained, the content of the low-molecular-weight component, in which the Hansen solubility parameters satisfy a prescribed relationship, is 1.0 mass% or less with respect to the mass of the adhesive layer.

Description

Laminate and display device

[0001] The present invention relates to a laminate and a display device.

[0002] Conventionally, when functions such as attenuation, polarization, scattering, or light blocking of irradiated light, including laser light or natural light, were required, devices operating on different principles for each function were used. Therefore, products corresponding to the above functions were also manufactured using different manufacturing processes for each function. For example, in image display devices (e.g., liquid crystal display devices), linear or circular polarizers are used to control the optical rotation or birefringence of the display. Also, in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), circular polarizers are used to prevent reflection of external light.

[0003] Conventionally, iodine has been widely used as a dichroic material in these polarizers (hereinafter also referred to as "optically absorptive anisotropic layers"). However, the use of organic dyes as dichroic materials instead of iodine has also been considered. Furthermore, when a laminate having an optically absorptive anisotropic layer is bonded to another member using an adhesive, it is known to provide an oxygen-blocking layer (barrier layer) between the optically absorptive anisotropic layer and the adhesive layer in order to ensure the durability of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

[0004] International Publication No. 2020 / 203028 International Publication No. 2022 / 059662

[0005] The present inventors have investigated laminates having an optically absorptive anisotropic layer as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc., in which an oxygen barrier layer is not provided (i.e., an embodiment in which the optically absorptive anisotropic layer and the adhesive layer are adjacent to each other) from the viewpoints of manufacturability and thinning, and have found that, depending on the physical properties and components of the adhesive layer adjacent to the optically absorptive anisotropic layer, one or more of crack resistance, adhesiveness, and durability may be inferior.

[0006] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a laminate and a display device that are excellent in crack resistance, adhesiveness, and durability.

[0007] As a result of intensive research aimed at solving the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have found that a laminate having good crack resistance, adhesion, and durability can be obtained by providing a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer adjacent to at least one surface of an optically absorptive anisotropic layer, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having an indentation modulus within a predetermined range and satisfying predetermined conditions with respect to low-molecular-weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by the following configuration.

[0008] [1] A laminate having an optically absorbing anisotropic layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer provided adjacent to at least one surface of the optically absorbing anisotropic layer, wherein the optically absorbing anisotropic layer contains a dichroic substance having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has an indentation modulus of 0.4 to 6.0 MPa, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer satisfies the following condition 1 or 2 with respect to low molecular weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less. Condition 1: The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer does not contain a low molecular weight component. Condition 2: If the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contains a low molecular weight component, the content of the low molecular weight component satisfying the following formula (I) is 1.0 mass% or less relative to the mass of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. A < B (I) In formula (I), A represents the distance between the Hansen solubility parameter of the matrix component in the optically absorbing anisotropic layer and the Hansen solubility parameter of the low molecular weight component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and B represents the distance between the Hansen solubility parameter of the matrix component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the Hansen solubility parameter of the low molecular weight component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. [2] The laminate according to [1], wherein the matrix component of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer is a liquid crystal compound. [3] The laminate according to [1] or [2], wherein the matrix component of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer has a Hansen solubility parameter of 18 or more. [4] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the matrix component of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is an acrylic or methacrylic polymer. [5] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the matrix component of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has a Hansen solubility parameter of 18 or less. [6] The laminate according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the ratio of the indentation modulus of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer to the indentation modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 7,000 or less. [7] A display device comprising the laminate according to any one of [1] to [6].

[0009] According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a laminate and a display device that are excellent in crack resistance, adhesiveness, and durability.

[0010] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a virtual reality display device, which is an example of a display device of the present invention, and shows an example of light rays of a main image.

[0011] The present invention will be described in detail below. The following description of the constituent elements may be based on a representative embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to such an embodiment. In this specification, a numerical range expressed using "to" means a range that includes the numerical values ​​before and after "to" as the upper and lower limits. In this specification, the upper or lower limit of a numerical range described in a stepwise manner may be replaced with the upper or lower limit of another stepwise manner. In this specification, the upper or lower limit of a numerical range described in a stepwise manner may be replaced with a value shown in the Examples. In this specification, each component may be a single substance corresponding to the component, or two or more substances may be used in combination. When two or more substances are used in combination for each component, the content of that component refers to the total content of the substances used in combination, unless otherwise specified. In addition, in this specification, "(meth)acrylate" is a notation representing "acrylate" or "methacrylate", "(meth)acrylic" is a notation representing "acrylic" or "methacrylic", and "(meth)acryloyl" is a notation representing "acryloyl" or "methacryloyl".

[0012] In this specification, Re(λ) and Rth(λ) represent the in-plane retardation and the thickness direction retardation, respectively, at a wavelength λ. Unless otherwise specified, the wavelength λ is 550 nm. In this specification, Re(λ) and Rth(λ) are values ​​measured at a wavelength λ using an AxoScan OPMF-1 (manufactured by OptoScience). Specifically, by inputting the average refractive index ((nx+ny+nz) / 3) and film thickness (d (μm)) into the AxoScan OPMF-1, the following slow axis direction (°) is calculated: Re(λ) = R0(λ) Rth(λ) = ((nx+ny) / 2-nz)×d. Although R0(λ) is displayed as a numerical value calculated by the AxoScan OPMF-1, it means Re(λ).

[0013] In this specification, examples of the substituent (monovalent substituent) include the substituents described below in Substituent Group A. In this specification, the phrase "optionally having a substituent" includes not only an embodiment in which no substituent is present, but also an embodiment in which one or more substituents are present. <Substituent Group A> Examples of the substituent include halogen atoms (for example, fluorine atoms, chlorine atoms, and bromine atoms, preferably chlorine atoms and fluorine atoms, and more preferably fluorine atoms); alkyl groups (preferably linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms, such as linear alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, and n-hexyl), branched alkyl groups having 3 to 6 carbon atoms (for example, isopropyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, neopentyl, isohexyl, and 3-methylpentyl), and cyclic alkyl groups having 3 to 12 carbon atoms (for example, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, 1-norbornyl, and 1-adamantyl)); alkenyl groups (preferably alkenyl groups having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 18 carbon atoms, such as vinyl groups, allyl groups, 1-butenyl groups, and 2-butenyl groups); alkynyl groups (preferably alkynyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as ethynyl groups, 1-propynyl groups, propargyl groups, 1-butynyl groups, and 2-butynyl groups); aryl groups (preferably aryl groups having 6 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 24 carbon atoms, such as phenyl groups, oligoaryl groups (naphthyl groups, anthryl groups), phenanthrenyl groups, fluorenyl groups, pyrenyl groups, triphenylenyl groups, and biphenyl groups); Heteroaryl groups (preferably heterocyclic groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as a 2-thienyl group, a 4-pyridyl group, a 2-furyl group, a 2-pyrimidinyl group, a 1-pyridyl group, a 2-benzothiazolyl group, a 1-imidazolyl group, a 1-pyrazolyl group, or a benzotriazol-1-yl group);arylalkyl groups (preferably arylalkyl groups having 7 to 15 carbon atoms, for example, benzyl group, phenethyl group, methylbenzyl group, phenylpropyl group, 1-methylphenylethyl group, phenylbutyl group, 2-methylphenylpropyl group, tetrahydronaphthyl group, naphthylmethyl group, naphthylethyl group, indenyl group, fluorenyl group, anthracenylmethyl group (anthrylmethyl group), phenanthrenylmethyl group (phenanthrylmethyl group)); silyl groups (preferably silyl groups having 3 to 38 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, trimethylsilyl group, triethylsilyl group, tributylsilyl group, t-butyldimethylsilyl group, t-hexyldimethylsilyl group); hydroxy groups; cyano groups; nitro groups; morpholino groups; Alkoxy groups (preferably alkoxy groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, 1-butoxy, 2-butoxy, isopropoxy, t-butoxy, dodecyloxy, and cycloalkyloxy groups (for example, cyclopentyloxy and cyclohexyloxy)); aryloxy groups (preferably aryloxy groups having 6 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, phenoxy and 1-naphthoxy); alkenyloxy groups (preferably alkenyloxy groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, for example, vinyloxy, 1-propenyloxy, 2-n-propenyloxy (allyloxy), 1-n-butenyloxy, and prenyloxy); heterocyclic oxy groups (preferably heterocyclic oxy groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as a 1-phenyltetrazole-5-oxy group or a 2-tetrahydropyranyloxy group); silyloxy groups (preferably silyloxy groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as a trimethylsilyloxy group, a t-butyldimethylsilyloxy group or a diphenylmethylsilyloxy group); acyloxy groups (preferably acyloxy groups having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 24 carbon atoms, such as an acetoxy group, a pivaloyloxy group, a benzoyloxy group, a dodecanoyloxy group, an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group);hydroxyalkyleneoxy groups (preferably hydroxyalkyleneoxy groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, for example, a hydroxyethyleneoxy group); alkoxycarbonyloxy groups (preferably alkoxycarbonyloxy groups having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, an ethoxycarbonyloxy group, a t-butoxycarbonyloxy group, or a cycloalkyloxycarbonyloxy group (for example, a cyclohexyloxycarbonyloxy group)); aryloxycarbonyloxy groups (preferably aryloxycarbonyloxy groups having 7 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 7 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a phenoxycarbonyloxy group); carbamoyloxy groups (preferably carbamoyloxy groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, an N,N-dimethylcarbamoyloxy group, an N-butylcarbamoyloxy group, an N-phenylcarbamoyloxy group, or an N-ethyl-N-phenylcarbamoyloxy group); sulfamoyloxy groups (preferably sulfamoyloxy groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, such as an N,N-diethylsulfamoyloxy group or an N-propylsulfamoyloxy group); alkylsulfonyloxy groups (preferably alkylsulfonyloxy groups having 1 to 38 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, such as a methylsulfonyloxy group, a hexadecylsulfonyloxy group or a cyclohexylsulfonyloxy group); arylsulfonyloxy groups (preferably arylsulfonyloxy groups having 6 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 24 carbon atoms, such as a phenylsulfonyloxy group); acyl groups (preferably acyl groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, such as a formyl group, an acetyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, a pivaloyl group, a benzoyl group, a tetradecanoyl group or a cyclohexanoyl group); an alkoxycarbonyl group (preferably an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, an octadecyloxycarbonyl group, a cyclohexyloxycarbonyl group, or a 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylcyclohexyloxycarbonyl group);an aryloxycarbonyl group (preferably an aryloxycarbonyl group having 7 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 7 to 24 carbon atoms, such as a phenoxycarbonyl group); a carbamoyl group (preferably a carbamoyl group having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, such as a carbamoyl group, N,N-diethylcarbamoyl group, N-ethyl-N-octylcarbamoyl group, N,N-dibutylcarbamoyl group, N-propylcarbamoyl group, N-phenylcarbamoyl group, N-methyl-N-phenylcarbamoyl group, or N,N-dicyclohexylcarbamoyl group); an amino group (preferably an amino group having 32 or less carbon atoms, more preferably 24 or less carbon atoms, such as an amino group, methylamino group, N,N-dimethylamino group, N,N-dibutylamino group, tetradecylamino group, 2-ethylhexylamino group, or cyclohexylamino group); anilino group (preferably an anilino group having 6 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, an anilino group, an N-methylanilino group); heterocyclic amino group (preferably a heterocyclic amino group having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, a 4-pyridylamino group); carbonamido group (preferably a carbonamido group having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, an acetamido group, a benzamido group, a tetradecanamido group, a pivaloylamido group, a cyclohexanamido group); ureido group (preferably a ureido group having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a ureido group, an N,N-dimethylureido group, an N-phenylureido group); imido group (preferably an imido group having 36 or less carbon atoms, more preferably 24 or less carbon atoms, for example, an N-succinimido group, an N-phthalimido group); an alkoxycarbonylamino group (preferably an alkoxycarbonylamino group having 2 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 2 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a methoxycarbonylamino group, an ethoxycarbonylamino group, a t-butoxycarbonylamino group, an octadecyloxycarbonylamino group, or a cyclohexyloxycarbonylamino group); an aryloxycarbonylamino group (preferably an aryloxycarbonylamino group having 7 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 7 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a phenoxycarbonylamino group);sulfonamido groups (preferably sulfonamido groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, methanesulfonamido groups, butanesulfonamido groups, benzenesulfonamido groups, hexadecanesulfonamido groups, and cyclohexanesulfonamido groups); sulfamoylamino groups (preferably sulfamoylamino groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, N,N-dipropylsulfamoylamino groups, and N-ethyl-N-dodecylsulfamoylamino groups); azo groups (preferably azo groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, phenylazo groups and 3-pyrazolylazo groups); alkylthio groups (preferably alkylthio groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, methylthio groups, ethylthio groups, octylthio groups, and cyclohexylthio groups); an arylthio group (preferably an arylthio group having 6 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably an arylthio group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a phenylthio group); a heterocyclic thio group (preferably a heterocyclic thio group having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably a heterocyclic thio group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, a 2-benzothiazolylthio group, a 2-pyridylthio group, or a 1-phenyltetrazolylthio group); an alkylsulfinyl group (preferably an alkylsulfinyl group having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkylsulfinyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a dodecanesulfinyl group); an arylsulfinyl group (preferably an arylsulfinyl group having 6 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably an arylsulfinyl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a phenylsulfinyl group); alkylsulfonyl groups (preferably alkylsulfonyl groups having 1 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, propylsulfonyl, butylsulfonyl, isopropylsulfonyl, 2-ethylhexylsulfonyl, hexadecylsulfonyl, octylsulfonyl, and cyclohexylsulfonyl groups); arylsulfonyl groups (preferably arylsulfonyl groups having 6 to 48 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, phenylsulfonyl, and 1-naphthylsulfonyl groups);sulfamoyl groups (preferably sulfamoyl groups having 32 or less carbon atoms, more preferably 24 or less carbon atoms, for example, a sulfamoyl group, an N,N-dipropylsulfamoyl group, an N-ethyl-N-dodecylsulfamoyl group, an N-ethyl-N-phenylsulfamoyl group, an N-cyclohexylsulfamoyl group, or an N-(2-ethylhexyl)sulfamoyl group); phosphonyl groups (preferably phosphonyl groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a phenoxyphosphonyl group, an octyloxyphosphonyl group, or a phenylphosphonyl group); phosphinoylamino groups (preferably phosphinoylamino groups having 1 to 32 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 24 carbon atoms, for example, a diethoxyphosphinoylamino group, or a dioctyloxyphosphinoylamino group); epoxy groups; —NHCOCH; ３ ;-SO ２ NHC ２ H ４ OCH ３ ;-NHSO ２ CH ３ and the like, and two or more of these may be combined. These substituents may be further substituted with other substituents. When two or more substituents are present, they may be the same or different. If possible, they may be bonded to each other to form a ring.

[0014] [Laminate] The laminate of the present invention has an optically absorptive anisotropic layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer provided adjacent to at least one surface of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer. The optically absorptive anisotropic layer of the laminate of the present invention contains a dichroic substance having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the laminate of the present invention has an indentation modulus of 0.4 to 6.0 MPa and satisfies the following condition 1 or 2 with respect to low-molecular-weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less. Condition 1: The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer does not contain the low-molecular-weight component. Condition 2: If the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contains the low-molecular-weight component, the content of the low-molecular-weight component satisfying the following formula (I) is 1.0 mass% or less relative to the mass of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. A < B (I) Here, in the above formula (I), A represents the distance between the Hansen solubility parameter of the matrix component in the optically absorptive anisotropic layer and the Hansen solubility parameter of the low molecular weight component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and B represents the distance between the Hansen solubility parameter of the matrix component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the Hansen solubility parameter of the low molecular weight component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

[0015] In the present invention, the molecular weights of the dichroic substance and the low-molecular-weight component (both of which are 1,000 or less) can be measured by the following methods. <Dichroic Substance> The molecular weight of the dichroic substance can be obtained by measuring a solution in which the optically absorptive anisotropic layer is dissolved, or an extract obtained by immersing the optically absorptive anisotropic layer in a solvent, using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC / MS), but is not limited to the above methods. <Low-Molecular-Weight Component> The molecular weight of the low-molecular-weight component can be obtained by measuring a solution in which the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is dissolved, or an extract obtained by immersing the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in a solvent, using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC / MS) under the following conditions. Quantification can also be performed by using the low-molecular-weight component contained in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer as a standard sample, but is not limited to the above methods. GC / MS measurement conditions Column: DB-5MS (0.25 mmφ×30 m, film thickness 0.25 μm) Column temperature: 50°C (0 to 2 min) - 10°C / min - 320°C (29 to 40 min) Carrier gas: He (1.0 mL / min) Sample injection amount: 0.5 μL Detection: EI-MS

[0016] In the present invention, the indentation modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer refers to a value measured using a microhardness evaluation device (for example, a nanotriboindenter TI-950 manufactured by Bruker) under the following conditions for the surface of a test specimen (the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer opposite the optically absorbing anisotropic layer). The indentation modulus of the optically absorbing anisotropic layer described below also refers to a value measured using the same conditions for the surface of a test specimen (the surface of the optically absorbing anisotropic layer on the adhesive layer side). Indenter: triangular pyramidal diamond indenter (Berkovich indenter, interior angle of indenter: 142.35°, angle between center line and surface: 65.35°) Maximum indentation depth of indenter: 500 nm Measurement temperature: 23°C

[0017] Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) (hereinafter also referred to as "HSP value") are values ​​obtained by dividing the solubility of a substance into three components (dispersion term δd, polar term δp, and hydrogen bond term δh) and expressing them in three-dimensional space. The dispersion term δd represents the effect of dispersion forces, the polar term δp represents the effect of dipole-dipole forces, and the hydrogen bond term δh represents the effect of hydrogen bonding forces. In the present invention, the Hansen solubility parameter is calculated by inputting the structural formula of a compound into HSPiP (Ver. 5.1.08). For copolymers, δd, δp, and δh are calculated using a structural formula in which the bonding sites of each repeating unit are replaced with hydrogen atoms, and the average value calculated by the mass ratio of the copolymerization components is used. In addition, when the matrix or the like is a three-dimensional crosslinked (meth)acrylate, δd, δp, and δh are calculated using the structural formula of each monomer, and when multiple monomers are mixed, the average value based on the mass ratio is used. In addition, in the present invention, the distances represented by A and B in the above formula (I) can be calculated as Ra by incorporating δd, δp, and δh calculated for each component into the following formula. In the following formula, δd1, δp1, and δh1 are values ​​calculated from the low-molecular-weight components in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and δd2, δp2, and δh2 are values ​​calculated from the matrix components in the optically absorptive anisotropic layer when calculating A, and are values ​​calculated from the matrix components in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer when calculating B.

[0018] In the present invention, as described above, a laminate having excellent crack resistance, adhesiveness, and durability is obtained by providing a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer adjacent to at least one surface of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer having an indentation modulus in the range of 0.4 to 6.0 MPa and satisfying the above-mentioned condition 1 or 2 with respect to the low-molecular-weight component having a molecular weight of 1000 or less. While the reason for this effect is not clear in detail, the inventor speculates as follows. First, it is known that a high elastic modulus is desirable for the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer in terms of ensuring adhesiveness. However, as shown in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 described below, cracks occur when the indentation modulus is greater than 6.0 MPa. Furthermore, as shown in Comparative Example 1 described below, when the indentation modulus is less than 0.4 MPa, adhesiveness is poor. Furthermore, as shown in Comparative Example 2 described below, when the above-mentioned condition 1 and 2 with respect to the low-molecular-weight component having a molecular weight of 1000 or less are not satisfied, durability is poor. This is thought to be due to the dichroic substance contained in the optically absorbing anisotropic layer migrating (leaching) into the adjacent pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. However, the inventors speculate that the dichroic substance leaching is due to the low-molecular-weight compound in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer migrating (leaching) into the optically absorbing anisotropic layer before the dichroic substance leaches out, thereby increasing the fluidity of the optically absorbing anisotropic layer. Therefore, in the present invention, by setting the indentation modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer within the range of 0.4 to 6.0 MPa, it is believed that crack resistance and adhesiveness are improved. Furthermore, by satisfying the above-mentioned condition 1 or 2 regarding the low-molecular-weight component having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, the leaching of the low-molecular-weight compound into the optically absorbing anisotropic layer is suppressed, and as a result, the leaching of the dichroic substance into the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is suppressed, which is thought to result in improved durability. The optically absorbing anisotropic layer and pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the laminate of the present invention are described in detail below.

[0019] [Light-Absorption Anisotropic Layer] <Dichroic Substance> As described above, the light-absorption anisotropic layer of the laminate of the present invention contains a dichroic substance having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less. Here, the dichroic substance refers to a dye whose absorbance varies depending on the direction. Furthermore, the dichroic substance may or may not exhibit liquid crystallinity.

[0020] The dichroic material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include visible light absorbing materials (dichroic organic dyes, iodine), luminescent materials (fluorescent materials, phosphorescent materials), ultraviolet absorbing materials, infrared absorbing materials, nonlinear optical materials, carbon nanotubes, and inorganic materials (e.g., quantum rods), and any conventionally known dichroic material (dichroic dye) can be used. The visible light absorbing material is preferably one having a maximum absorption wavelength in the visible light region. Specifically, for example, paragraphs

[0067] to

[0071] of JP 2013-228706 A, paragraphs

[0008] to

[0026] of JP 2013-227532 A, paragraphs

[0008] to

[0015] of JP 2013-209367 A, paragraphs

[0045] to

[0058] of JP 2013-14883 A, paragraphs

[0012] to

[0029] of JP 2013-109090 A, paragraphs

[0009] to [0 017] paragraph, paragraphs

[0051] to

[0065] of JP 2013-37353 A, paragraphs

[0049] to

[0073] of JP 2012-63387 A, paragraphs

[0016] to

[0018] of JP 11-305036 A, paragraphs

[0009] to

[0011] of JP 2001-133630 A, paragraphs

[0030] to

[0169] of JP 2011-215337 A, paragraphs

[0021] to

[0075] of JP 2010-106242 A, Paragraphs

[0011] to

[0025] of JP-A No. 2010-215846, paragraphs

[0017] to

[0069] of JP-A No. 2011-048311, paragraphs

[0013] to

[0133] of JP-A No. 2011-213610, paragraphs

[0074] to

[0246] of JP-A No. 2011-237513, paragraphs

[0005] to

[0051] of JP-A No. 2016-006502, paragraphs

[0014] to

[0032] of JP-A No. 20 Paragraphs

[0014] to

[0033] of International Publication No. 20-11716, paragraphs

[0005] to

[0041] of International Publication No. 2016 / 060173, paragraphs

[0008] to

[0062] of International Publication No. 2016 / 136561, paragraphs

[0014] to

[0033] of International Publication No. 2017 / 154835, paragraphs

[0014] to

[0033] of International Publication No. 2017 / 154695, and paragraphs

[0013] to

[0037] of International Publication No. 2017 / 195833,Examples include those described in paragraphs

[0014] to

[0034] of International Publication No. 2018 / 164252, paragraphs

[0021] to

[0030] of International Publication No. 2018 / 186503, paragraphs

[0043] to

[0063] of International Publication No. 2019 / 189345, paragraphs

[0043] to

[0085] of International Publication No. 2019 / 225468, paragraphs

[0050] to

[0074] of International Publication No. 2020 / 004106, and paragraphs

[0015] to

[0038] of International Publication No. 2021 / 044843.

[0021] As the dichroic substance, a dichroic azo dye compound is preferred. A dichroic azo dye compound refers to an azo dye compound whose absorbance varies depending on the direction. A dichroic azo dye compound may or may not exhibit liquid crystallinity. When a dichroic azo dye compound exhibits liquid crystallinity, it may exhibit either nematic or smectic properties. The temperature range in which the liquid crystal phase is exhibited is preferably room temperature (approximately 20 to 28°C) to 300°C, and more preferably 50 to 200°C from the viewpoints of handleability and manufacturing suitability.

[0022] In the present invention, from the viewpoint of adjusting color hue, it is preferable to use at least one dye compound (first dichroic azo dye compound) having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 560 to 700 nm, and at least one dye compound (second dichroic azo dye compound) having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 455 nm or more and less than 560 nm.

[0023] In the present invention, three or more dichroic azo dye compounds may be used in combination, and for example, from the viewpoint of making the light absorption anisotropic layer closer to black, it is preferable to use a first dichroic azo dye compound, a second dichroic azo dye compound, and at least one dye compound (third dichroic azo dye compound) having a maximum absorption wavelength in the wavelength range of 380 nm or more and less than 455 nm in combination. In the present invention, from the viewpoint of excellent light fastness of the light absorption anisotropic layer, it is preferable to contain two or more first dichroic azo dye compounds.

[0024] In the present invention, the dichroic azo dye compound preferably has a crosslinkable group, such as a (meth)acryloyl group, an epoxy group, an oxetanyl group, or a styryl group, with a (meth)acryloyl group being preferred.

[0025] The content of the dichroic substance is preferably 3 to 90% by mass, more preferably 5 to 70% by mass, and even more preferably 10 to 60% by mass, relative to the mass of the light absorption anisotropic layer. When multiple dichroic substances are used in combination, the total amount of the multiple dichroic substances is preferably within the above-mentioned range.

[0026] <Liquid Crystal Compound> The light absorption anisotropic layer of the laminate of the present invention preferably contains a liquid crystal compound. This allows the dichroic material to be aligned with a higher degree of orientation while suppressing precipitation of the dichroic material. Both polymeric and low-molecular-weight liquid crystal compounds can be used as the liquid crystal compound, with polymeric liquid crystal compounds being preferred because of their ability to achieve a higher degree of orientation. The liquid crystal compound may be a single compound, or two or more compounds, or a combination of polymeric and low-molecular-weight liquid crystal compounds may be used. Here, "polymeric liquid crystal compound" refers to a liquid crystal compound having a repeating unit in its chemical structure. Liquid crystal compounds having a repeating unit in their chemical structure are also referred to as side-chain polymeric liquid crystal compounds. "Low-molecular-weight liquid crystal compound" refers to a liquid crystal compound without a repeating unit in its chemical structure. Examples of polymeric liquid crystal compounds include the thermotropic liquid crystal polymers described in JP 2011-237513 A and the polymeric liquid crystal compounds described in paragraphs

[0012] to

[0042] of WO 2018 / 199096 A. Examples of low molecular weight liquid crystal compounds include those described in paragraphs

[0072] to

[0088] of JP 2013-228706 A, and among them, liquid crystal compounds exhibiting smectic properties are preferred. Examples of such liquid crystal compounds include those described in paragraphs

[0019] to

[0140] of WO 2022 / 014340 A, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. It should be noted that the liquid crystal compound is preferably a liquid crystal compound that does not exhibit dichroism in the visible light region.

[0027] The weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymeric liquid crystal compound is preferably 2,000 to 300,000, and more preferably 2,000 to 100,000. When the Mw of the polymeric liquid crystal compound is within the above range, the polymeric liquid crystal compound is easy to handle. Here, the weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and number-average molecular weight (Mn) of the polymeric liquid crystal compound are values ​​measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Solvent (eluent): N-methylpyrrolidone Apparatus name: TOSOH HLC-8220GPC Column: Three TOSOH TSKgel Super HZM-H (4.6 mm x 15 cm) connected together Column temperature: 25°C Sample concentration: 0.1% by mass Flow rate: 0.35 ml / min Calibration curve: A calibration curve using seven samples of TSK standard polystyrene manufactured by TOSOH with Mw = 2,800,000 to 1,050 (Mw / Mn = 1.03 to 1.06) was used.

[0028] The content of the liquid crystal compound is preferably 25 to 2000 parts by mass, more preferably 100 to 1300 parts by mass, and even more preferably 200 to 900 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the dichroic material. The degree of orientation of the dichroic material is further improved when the content of the liquid crystal compound is within the above range. When multiple liquid crystal compounds are used in combination, the total amount of the multiple liquid crystal compounds is preferably within the above range.

[0029] In the present invention, the matrix component of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer is preferably a liquid crystal compound. Here, the matrix component of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer refers to the component, other than the dichroic material, that is present in the optically absorptive anisotropic layer in the largest amount. Therefore, the content of the liquid crystal compound is preferably more than 50% by mass and not more than 90% by mass, more preferably 55 to 85% by mass, and even more preferably 60 to 80% by mass, relative to the mass of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer. When multiple liquid crystal compounds are used in combination, the total amount of the multiple liquid crystal compounds is preferably within the above-mentioned range.

[0030] In the present invention, the HSP value of the matrix component of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer is preferably 18 or more, and more preferably 18 to 26, in order to promote appropriate phase separation with the hydrophobic dichroic material and enhance alignment.

[0031] The optically absorptive anisotropic layer of the laminate of the present invention is preferably a layer in which the alignment state of the dichroic material and the liquid crystal compound described above is fixed, and more preferably a layer formed using a composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer containing the dichroic material and the liquid crystal compound described above. Here, the composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer preferably contains, in addition to the dichroic material and the liquid crystal compound described above, a surfactant, an alignment agent, a polymerization initiator, a solvent, etc., which will be described later.

[0032] <Surfactant> As the surfactant, a fluorine (meth)acrylate polymer as described in paragraphs

[0018] to

[0043] of JP 2007-272185 A or a silicon-containing polymer as described in paragraphs

[0019] to

[0073] of WO 2023 / 054164 A can be used. Other compounds may also be used as the surfactant. The surfactant may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When the optically absorptive anisotropic layer-forming composition contains a surfactant, the content of the surfactant is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass, more preferably 0.02 to 5% by mass, based on the total solids mass of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer-forming composition.

[0033] <Alignment Agent> Examples of the alignment agent include a boronic acid compound and an onium salt. The boronic acid compound functions as a horizontal alignment agent or a vertical alignment agent. The onium salt functions as a vertical alignment agent. The alignment agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.

[0034] The boronic acid compound is preferably a compound represented by formula (30).

[0035] Formula (30)

[0036] In formula (30), R １ and R ２ R each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group. ３represents a substituent containing a (meth)acrylic group. Specific examples of the boronic acid compound include the boronic acid compounds represented by general formula (I) described in paragraphs 0023 to 0032 of JP-A 2008-225281. Preferred boronic acid compounds include the compounds exemplified below.

[0037]

[0038] Specific examples of the onium salt include the onium salts described in paragraphs 0052 to 0058 of JP-A No. 2012-208397, the onium salts described in paragraphs 0024 to 0055 of JP-A No. 2008-026730, and the onium salts described in JP-A No. 2002-37777.

[0039] When the composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer contains an alignment agent, the content of the alignment agent is preferably 0.01 to 30 mass %, more preferably 0.1 to 10 mass %, based on the total solid mass of the composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer.

[0040] <Polymerization initiator> The polymerization initiator is not particularly limited, but is preferably a photosensitive compound, i.e., a photopolymerization initiator. As the photopolymerization initiator, various compounds can be used without particular limitation. Examples of photopolymerization initiators include α-carbonyl compounds (U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,367,661 and 2,367,670), acyloin ethers (U.S. Pat. No. 2,448,828), α-hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic acyloin compounds (U.S. Pat. No. 2,722,512), polynuclear quinone compounds (U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,046,127 and 2,951,758), and combinations of triarylimidazole dimers and p-aminophenyl ketones (U.S. Pat. No. 3,549,367). ), acridine and phenazine compounds (JP 60-105667 A and U.S. Pat. No. 4,239,850 A), oxadiazole compounds (U.S. Pat. No. 4,212,970 A), o-acyloxime compounds (JP 2016-27384 A

[0065] ), and acylphosphine oxide compounds (JP 63-40799 A, JP 5-29234 A, JP 10-95788 A, and JP 10-29997 A). Commercially available photopolymerization initiators can also be used, including IRGACURE 184, IRGACURE 907, IRGACURE 369, IRGACURE 651, IRGACURE 819, IRGACURE OXE-01, and IRGACURE OXE-02 manufactured by BASF Corporation. The polymerization initiator may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.

[0041] When the composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer contains a polymerization initiator, the content of the polymerization initiator is preferably 0.01 to 30 mass %, more preferably 0.1 to 15 mass %, based on the total solid mass of the composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer.

[0042] <Solvent> Examples of the solvent include ketones (e.g., acetone, 2-butanone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclopentanone, and cyclohexanone), ethers (e.g., dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, tetrahydropyran, dioxolane, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, and cyclopentyl methyl ether), aliphatic hydrocarbons (e.g., hexane), alicyclic hydrocarbons (e.g., cyclohexane), aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzene, toluene, xylene, and trimethylbenzene), halogenated carbons (e.g., dichloromethane, trichloromethane (chloroform), dichloroethane, dichlorobenzene, and chlorotoluene), and the like. Examples of suitable solvents include organic solvents such as ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, cyclohexanol, esters (e.g., methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, diethyl carbonate), alcohols (e.g., ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, cyclohexanol), cellosolves (e.g., methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, 1,2-dimethoxyethane), cellosolve acetates, sulfoxides (e.g., dimethyl sulfoxide), amides (e.g., dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-ethylpyrrolidone, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone), and heterocyclic compounds (e.g., pyridine), as well as water. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these solvents, organic solvents are preferred because they provide better effects of the present invention, and halogenated carbons or ketones are more preferred.

[0043] When the composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer contains a solvent, the content of the solvent is preferably 70 to 99 mass %, more preferably 83 to 97 mass %, and even more preferably 85 to 95 mass %, based on the total mass of the composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer.

[0044] <Production Method> The method for producing the optically absorptive anisotropic layer is not particularly limited, but a method (hereinafter also referred to as the present production method) that includes, in this order, a step of applying the above-described composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer onto an alignment film to form a coating film (hereinafter also referred to as the "coating film formation step") and a step of orienting the liquid crystal component contained in the coating film (hereinafter also referred to as the "orientation step"). Note that the liquid crystal component is a component that includes not only the above-described liquid crystal compound but also a dichroic substance having liquid crystallinity. Each step will be described below.

[0045] The coating film forming step is a step of forming a coating film by applying the above-mentioned optically absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition onto an alignment film. By using the optically absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition containing the above-mentioned solvent, or by using the optically absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition in a liquid form such as a molten liquid by heating, it becomes easy to apply the optically absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition onto the alignment film. Examples of methods for applying the optically absorbing anisotropic layer-forming composition include known methods such as roll coating, gravure printing, spin coating, wire bar coating, extrusion coating, direct gravure coating, reverse gravure coating, die coating, spraying, and inkjet printing.

[0046] The alignment film may be any film that aligns the liquid crystal component contained in the composition for forming the optically absorptive anisotropic layer. It can be formed by methods such as rubbing an organic compound (preferably a polymer) onto the film surface, oblique vapor deposition of an inorganic compound, formation of a layer with microgrooves, or deposition of an organic compound (e.g., ω-tricosanoic acid, dioctadecylmethylammonium chloride, methyl stearate) by the Langmuir-Blodgett method (LB film). Furthermore, alignment films that exhibit alignment function upon application of an electric field, a magnetic field, or light irradiation are also known. Among these, in the present invention, alignment films formed by rubbing are preferred in terms of ease of control of the pretilt angle of the alignment film, and photo-alignment films formed by light irradiation are also preferred in terms of uniformity of alignment.

[0047] The photo-alignment film may contain an azobenzene dye or polyvinyl cinnamate. UV light is irradiated from an oblique direction at an angle relative to the normal to the photo-alignment layer to generate anisotropy with a tilt relative to the normal to the photo-alignment layer. An optically absorbing anisotropic layer is then aligned on top of this, thereby aligning the dichroic material in the optically absorbing anisotropic layer. Alternatively, a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal compounds are hybrid-aligned can be used as the alignment film.

[0048] The orientation process is a process for orienting the liquid crystal components (especially the dichroic material) contained in the coating film. In the orientation process, it is considered that the dichroic material is oriented along the liquid crystal compound oriented by the orientation film. The orientation process may include a drying process. The drying process can remove components such as solvent from the coating film. The drying process may be performed by leaving the coating film at room temperature for a predetermined time (for example, natural drying), or by heating and / or blowing air.

[0049] The orientation step preferably includes a heat treatment. This further aligns the dichroic material contained in the coating film, thereby increasing the degree of orientation of the dichroic material. From the viewpoint of manufacturability, the heat treatment is preferably performed at a temperature of 10 to 250°C, more preferably 25 to 190°C. The heating time is preferably 1 to 300 seconds, more preferably 1 to 60 seconds.

[0050] The orientation step may include a cooling treatment carried out after the heating treatment. The cooling treatment is a treatment in which the coated film after heating is cooled to about room temperature (20 to 25°C). This further fixes the orientation of the dichroic material contained in the coated film, thereby increasing the degree of orientation of the dichroic material. The cooling method is not particularly limited and can be carried out by a known method. The optically absorptive anisotropic layer of the present invention can be obtained by the above steps.

[0051] The present manufacturing method may include a step of curing the optically absorptive anisotropic layer (hereinafter also referred to as a "curing step") after the alignment step. The curing step is performed, for example, by heating and / or light irradiation (exposure). Among these, the curing step is preferably performed by light irradiation. Various light sources such as infrared light, visible light, or ultraviolet light can be used as the light source for curing, but ultraviolet light is preferred. Furthermore, ultraviolet light may be irradiated while heating during curing, or ultraviolet light may be irradiated through a filter that transmits only specific wavelengths. Furthermore, exposure may be performed in a nitrogen atmosphere. When the curing of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer proceeds by radical polymerization, exposure in a nitrogen atmosphere is preferred because inhibition of polymerization by oxygen is reduced.

[0052] The thickness of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 0.5 to 7 μm, more preferably from 1.0 to 3 μm, in terms of achieving better effects of the present invention.

[0053] [Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Layer] As described above, the laminate of the present invention has a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer provided adjacent to at least one surface of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer. Furthermore, as described above, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the laminate of the present invention has an indentation modulus of 0.4 to 6.0 MPa and satisfies the following condition 1 or 2 with respect to low-molecular-weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less. Condition 1: The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer does not contain the low-molecular-weight component. Condition 2: If the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer contains the low-molecular-weight component, the content of the low-molecular-weight component satisfying the following formula (I) is 1.0 mass% or less relative to the mass of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. A < B (I) In formula (I), A represents the distance between the Hansen solubility parameter of the matrix component in the optically absorptive anisotropic layer and the Hansen solubility parameter of the low-molecular-weight component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and B represents the distance between the Hansen solubility parameter of the matrix component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the Hansen solubility parameter of the low-molecular-weight component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. In addition, with regard to low molecular weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less, when the above condition 2 is satisfied, i.e., when the content of low molecular weight components satisfying the above formula (I) is 1.0 mass% or less relative to the mass of the adhesive layer, the content of low molecular weight components satisfying "A≧B" is not particularly limited, but is usually often 10 mass% or less.

[0054] In the present invention, the indentation modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 0.4 to 6.0 MPa, with the lower limit of the indentation modulus being preferably 0.5 MPa or more, more preferably greater than 0.5 MPa, and even more preferably 0.6 MPa or more. The upper limit of the indentation modulus is preferably 5.5 MPa or less, more preferably 5.0 MPa or less. The method for adjusting the indentation modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but for example, a method of increasing the modulus by heat treatment can be employed.

[0055] The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the laminate of the present invention is preferably a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer that satisfies the above-mentioned condition 1. On the other hand, when the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the laminate of the present invention is a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer that satisfies the above-mentioned condition 2, examples of low-molecular-weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less contained in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer include uncured polymerization initiators and binders (monomer components) used in forming the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. Furthermore, the low-molecular-weight components preferably do not have a maximum absorption wavelength in the visible light region.

[0056] <Polymer> The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the laminate of the present invention preferably contains a (meth)acrylic, silicone, urethane, vinyl alkyl ether, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, or cellulose polymer, and particularly preferably contains a (meth)acrylic polymer.

[0057] In the present invention, the matrix component of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is preferably a (meth)acrylic polymer because it provides better adhesiveness. Here, the matrix component of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer refers to the component contained in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer that is present in the largest amount. Therefore, the content of the (meth)acrylic polymer is preferably more than 50% by mass, more preferably more than 70% by mass, relative to the mass of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. The upper limit can be determined taking into account other components, and is usually 100% by mass or less, 99% by mass or less, or 95% by mass or less.

[0058] Examples of (meth)acrylic polymers include (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymers. As the (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymer, one having crosslinking points that can be crosslinked by various crosslinking methods is used. There are no particular limitations on the (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymer having such crosslinking points, and any one can be appropriately selected and used from (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymers commonly used as resin components of conventionally known pressure-sensitive adhesives.

[0059] Suitable examples of such a (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymer having a crosslinking point include a copolymer of a (meth)acrylic acid ester having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in the alkyl group of the ester moiety, a monomer having a crosslinkable functional group in the molecule, and other monomers that are used as desired.

[0060] Examples of the (meth)acrylic acid esters having an alkyl group in the ester moiety with 1 to 20 carbon atoms include methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, pentyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, isooctyl (meth)acrylate, decyl (meth)acrylate, dodecyl (meth)acrylate, myristyl (meth)acrylate, palmityl (meth)acrylate, and stearyl (meth)acrylate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0061] On the other hand, as the monomer having a crosslinkable functional group in the molecule, for example, one having at least one functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and an amide group is preferred. Specific examples include (meth)acrylic acid hydroxyalkyl esters such as 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, and 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate; (meth)acrylamides such as (meth)acrylamide, N-methyl(meth)acrylamide, and N-methylol(meth)acrylamide; (meth)acrylic acid monoalkylaminoalkyl such as monomethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, monoethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, monomethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate, and monoethylaminopropyl (meth)acrylate; and ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, itaconic acid, and citraconic acid. These monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

[0062] The (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymer is not particularly limited in its copolymerization form, and may be any of a random, block, and graft copolymer. The weight-average molecular weight of the (meth)acrylic acid ester copolymer is preferably 500,000 or more, more preferably 600,000 to 3,000,000, and even more preferably 1,900,000 to 2,500,000.

[0063] In the present invention, the HSP value of the matrix component of the adhesive layer is preferably 18 or less, more preferably 15 to 18, because this minimizes changes in adhesiveness depending on humidity.

[0064] The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of the laminate of the present invention is more preferably a layer formed using a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-forming composition containing the above-mentioned polymer. Here, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-forming composition may contain, in addition to the above-mentioned polymer, a binder, a polymerization initiator, a solvent, etc., which will be described later, as long as the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer to be formed satisfies the above-mentioned condition 1 or 2.

[0065] <Binder> Suitable examples of the binder include polyfunctional (meth)acrylate monomers. Specific examples of the polyfunctional (meth)acrylate monomers include bifunctional monomers such as 1,4-butanediol di(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, polyethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycol adipate di(meth)acrylate, hydroxypivalic acid neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, dicyclopentanyl di(meth)acrylate, caprolactone-modified dicyclopentenyl di(meth)acrylate, ethylene oxide-modified phosphate di(meth)acrylate, di(acryloyloxyethyl)isocyanurate, and allylated cyclohexyl di(meth)acrylate; trimethylolpropane diol; Examples of such trifunctional copolymers include trifunctional copolymers such as pantaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, propionic acid-modified dipentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, propylene oxide-modified trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, and tris(acryloyloxyethyl)isocyanurate; tetrafunctional copolymers such as diglycerin tetra(meth)acrylate and pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate; pentafunctional copolymers such as propionic acid-modified dipentaerythritol penta(meth)acrylate; and hexafunctional copolymers such as dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate and caprolactone-modified dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate.

[0066] <Polymerization Initiator> Examples of the polymerization initiator include the same as those described as optional components of the composition for forming the optically absorptive anisotropic layer.

[0067] <Solvent> Examples of the solvent include the same as those described as optional components of the composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer.

[0068] The thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of thinning, it is preferably 25 μm or less, more preferably 15 μm or less, and even more preferably 5 μm or less. There is no particular lower limit, and it is often 0.1 μm or more.

[0069] In the present invention, for the reason that crack resistance is improved, the ratio of the indentation elastic modulus P of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer to the indentation elastic modulus N of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (elastic modulus P / elastic modulus N) is preferably 7000 or less, more preferably 6000 or less, and even more preferably 5000 or less. Moreover, the ratio (elastic modulus P / elastic modulus N) is preferably 300 or more, more preferably 400 or more, and even more preferably 500 or more.

[0070] [Other Components] The laminate of the present invention may have other components in addition to the above-described light absorption anisotropic layer and pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. Examples of the other components include a retardation layer, a reflective polarizer layer (e.g., a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, a linear polarization type reflective polarizer, etc.), a surface antireflection layer, a support (substrate), and an alignment film.

[0071] <Retardation Layer Having the Function of Converting Linearly Polarized Light into Circularly Polarized Light> A retardation layer having the function of converting linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light (hereinafter also simply referred to as a "specific retardation layer") is a type of retardation layer. The specific retardation layer is not particularly limited as long as it has the function of converting linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light, and examples thereof include a λ / 4 plate. A λ / 4 plate is a plate having a λ / 4 function, specifically, a plate having the function of converting linearly polarized light of a certain wavelength (preferably visible light) into circularly polarized light (or circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light). The in-plane retardation of the λ / 4 plate at a wavelength of 550 nm is not particularly limited, but is preferably 120 to 150 nm, more preferably 125 to 145 nm, and even more preferably 135 to 140 nm. In addition to the λ / 4 plate, a retardation layer whose in-plane retardation at a wavelength of 550 nm is 3 / 4 or 5 / 4 of the wavelength of any light in visible light is also preferred.

[0072] The specific retardation layer may have reverse wavelength dispersion. The term "reverse wavelength dispersion" means that the retardation value at the wavelength increases as the wavelength increases. The specific retardation layer may also have a multi-layer structure, and a specific example of such a structure is a broadband λ / 4 plate formed by laminating a λ / 4 plate and a λ / 2 plate. The angle between the slow axis of the specific retardation layer and the absorption axis of the light absorption anisotropic layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably within the range of 45°±10°.

[0073] The specific retardation layer may be the layer that is made by fixing the liquid crystal compound that is twisted and aligned with the thickness direction as the helical axis.For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 05753922 and Japanese Patent No. 05960743, the retardation layer that has the layer that is made by fixing the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound or discotic liquid crystal compound that is twisted and aligned with the thickness direction as the helical axis can be enumerated.

[0074] The thickness of the specific retardation layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 8 μm, more preferably 0.3 to 5 μm.

[0075] <Positive C Plate> A positive C plate is a type of retardation layer. A positive C plate is a retardation layer having an in-plane retardation of substantially zero and a negative retardation in the thickness direction. The positive C plate functions as an optical compensation layer for increasing the degree of polarization of transmitted light with respect to obliquely incident light. The in-plane retardation of the positive C plate at a wavelength of 550 nm is preferably 10 nm or less. The retardation of the positive C plate in the thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm is preferably −600 to −40 nm.

[0076] The material for forming the positive C plate is not particularly limited, but it is preferably formed from a composition containing a liquid crystal compound. Such a positive C plate can typically be obtained by vertically aligning a rod-shaped polymerizable liquid crystal compound contained in a polymerizable liquid crystal composition and fixing the alignment state by polymerization. Alternatively, the positive C plate can be formed from a composition containing a side-chain polymer liquid crystal compound as the liquid crystal compound.

[0077] The thickness of the positive C plate is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of thinning, it is preferably 0.5 to 10 μm, and more preferably 0.5 to 5 μm.

[0078] <Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Layer> A cholesteric liquid crystal layer is an optical component that separates incident light into right-handed circularly polarized light and left-handed circularly polarized light, specularly reflecting one circularly polarized light and transmitting the other circularly polarized light. Examples of cholesteric liquid crystal layers include cholesteric liquid crystal layers formed by fixing a cholesteric liquid crystal phase. Cholesteric liquid crystal layers are preferred as optical films used in curved surface molding because they suppress a decrease in the degree of polarization and distortion of the polarization axis when stretched or molded into a three-dimensional shape. Furthermore, they are less likely to experience a decrease in the degree of polarization due to distortion of the polarization axis.

[0079] The cholesteric liquid crystal layer preferably includes a blue light-reflecting layer having a reflectance of 40% or more at a wavelength of 460 nm, a green light-reflecting layer having a reflectance of 40% or more at a wavelength of 550 nm, a yellow light-reflecting layer having a reflectance of 40% or more at a wavelength of 600 nm, and a red light-reflecting layer having a reflectance of 40% or more at a wavelength of 650 nm. This configuration is preferable because it can exhibit high reflection characteristics over a wide wavelength range in the visible range. The reflectances mentioned above are those when unpolarized light is incident on the cholesteric liquid crystal layer at each wavelength. The cholesteric liquid crystal layer may also have a pitch gradient structure in which the helical pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal phase is continuously varied in the thickness direction.

[0080] It is also preferable to use, as the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, a cholesteric liquid crystal layer formed by fixing a cholesteric liquid crystal phase containing a rod-shaped liquid crystal compound and a cholesteric liquid crystal layer formed by fixing a cholesteric liquid crystal phase containing a discotic liquid crystal compound in combination. In such a configuration, the cholesteric liquid crystal phase containing the rod-shaped liquid crystal compound has a positive Rth, while the cholesteric liquid crystal phase containing the discotic liquid crystal compound has a negative Rth, so that the Rths of the two phases are offset, thereby suppressing the occurrence of ghosts even when light is incident from an oblique direction, which is preferable.

[0081] The thickness of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 30 μm or less, more preferably 15 μm or less, from the viewpoint of thinning. There is no particular lower limit, and it is often 1 μm or more.

[0082] <Linearly Polarized Reflective Polarizer> A linearly polarized reflective polarizer is a polarizer that reflects one of mutually orthogonal linearly polarized light beams and transmits the other linearly polarized light beam. Examples of linearly polarized reflective polarizers include a film obtained by stretching a dielectric multilayer film and a wire grid polarizer. Commercially available products include a reflective polarizer (product name: APF) manufactured by 3M and a wire grid polarizer (product name: WGF) manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation.

[0083] <Surface Antireflection Layer> The laminate of the present invention may have a surface antireflection layer. In the laminate of the present invention, the surface antireflection layer is preferably disposed on the surface-most side. The surface antireflection layer may be disposed on only one surface side of the laminate, or on both surfaces. The type of surface antireflection layer is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of further reducing the reflectance, a moth-eye film and an AR (Anti-Reflection) film are preferred. Furthermore, a moth-eye film is preferred because it can maintain high antireflection performance even when the film thickness varies due to stretching and molding. The angle between the transmission axis of the linear polarization type reflective polarizer and the transmission axis of the light-absorbing anisotropic layer is preferably within the range of 0 to 10°.

[0084] <Support (Substrate)> The laminate of the present invention may have a support. The support can be placed in any location. For example, when the cholesteric liquid crystal layer and the retardation layer are films to be transferred from a temporary support, the support can be used as the transfer destination. The type of support is not particularly limited, but a transparent support is preferred. Examples include films such as cellulose acylate, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, cyclic polyolefin, polyolefin, polyamide, polystyrene, and polyester. Among these, cellulose acylate film, cyclic polyolefin film, polyacrylate film, or polymethacrylate film is preferred as the support. Commercially available cellulose acetate films (e.g., "TD80U" or "Z-TAC" manufactured by Fujifilm Corporation) can also be used. Furthermore, it is preferable that the support has a small retardation. Specifically, the in-plane retardation at a wavelength of 550 nm is preferably 10 nm or less, and the absolute value of the retardation in the thickness direction at a wavelength of 550 nm is preferably 50 nm or less.

[0085] From the viewpoint of stretching and forming treatments, the support preferably has a tan δ peak temperature of 170° C. or less. From the viewpoint of enabling forming at low temperatures, the tan δ peak temperature is preferably 150° C. or less, more preferably 130° C. or less.

[0086] Here, the method for measuring tan δ will be described. Using a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device (DVA-200 manufactured by IT Measurement Control Co., Ltd.), E" (loss modulus) and E' (storage modulus) are measured under the following conditions for a film sample that has been conditioned in advance in an atmosphere at a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 60% Rh for at least 2 hours, and the value obtained from this is tan δ (= E" / E'). Device: DVA-200 manufactured by IT Measurement Control Co., Ltd. Sample: 5 mm, length 50 mm (gap 20 mm) Measurement conditions: tension mode Measurement temperature: -150 to 220°C Heating condition: 5°C / min Frequency: 1 Hz

[0087] The thickness of the support is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 5 to 300 μm, more preferably from 5 to 100 μm, and even more preferably from 5 to 30 μm.

[0088] [Display Device] The display device of the present invention is a display device having the laminate of the present invention described above. Examples of such display devices include liquid crystal display devices, organic EL display devices, and virtual reality display devices. Some display devices are thin and can be formed into a curved surface. The laminate used in the present invention does not have an oxygen-blocking layer (barrier layer), so it is thin and easy to bend, and can therefore be suitably applied to display devices with curved display surfaces. Examples of such curved surfaces include those in which the radius of curvature at the smallest curvature is 20 mm or more and 300 mm or less.

[0089] [Virtual Reality Display Device] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of a virtual reality display device. The virtual reality display device 80 shown in Figure 1 includes, from the right side in the figure, an image display panel 82, a circular polarizer 84, a half mirror 86, a lens 88, and a laminate 90 of the present invention. The laminate 90, lens 88, and half mirror 86 shown in Figure 1 form a composite lens. In the virtual reality display device 80 shown in Figure 1, a light ray 92 emitted from the image display panel 82 passes through the circular polarizer 84 to become circularly polarized light and then passes through the half mirror 86. The light ray then passes through the lens 88, enters the laminate 90 from the side of a reflective polarizer layer (e.g., a cholesteric liquid crystal layer) included in the laminate 90 of the present invention, is reflected, passes through the lens 88 again, is reflected again by the half mirror 86, passes through the lens 88 again, and enters the laminate 90. In this case, the circular polarization state of the light ray 92 remains unchanged when reflected by the laminate 90, but when reflected by the half mirror 86, it changes to circular polarization with a direction of rotation opposite to that of the circular polarization when it entered the laminate 90. Therefore, the light ray 92 passes through the laminate 90 and is visible to the user. Furthermore, when the light ray 92 is reflected by the half mirror 86, the image is magnified due to the half mirror's concave shape, allowing the user to view the magnified virtual image. The above-described mechanism is called a round-trip optical system or a folded optical system. The light-absorbing anisotropic layer included in the laminate 90 functions as a so-called linear polarizer, blocking light that unnecessarily passes through the cholesteric liquid crystal layer and preventing it from becoming leaking light (ghost) and being observed by the user of the virtual reality display device.

[0090] The image display panel 82 is a known image display panel (display panel) such as an organic electroluminescence display panel. In the illustrated example, the image display panel 82 emits an unpolarized image (image light). The unpolarized image emitted by the image display panel 82 passes through the circular polarizer 84 and is converted into circularly polarized light.

[0091] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to examples. The materials, amounts used, ratios, treatment details, and treatment procedures shown in the following examples can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited by the examples shown below.

[0092] [Synthesis of polymer (matrix) contained in adhesive layer] Butyl acrylate and butyl methacrylate were used in a mass ratio of 95:5 to synthesize a copolymer with a weight average molecular weight of 2,000,000 and a molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) of 3.0 in a conventional manner. In addition, components with a molecular weight of 1,000 or less were purified from the copolymer to below the detection limit before use as the matrix. In Table 1 below, this is referred to as "butyl acrylate / butyl methacrylate".

[0093] [Example 1] [Preparation of Substrate A1] The following composition was charged into a mixing tank, stirred, and further heated at 90°C for 10 minutes. The resulting composition was then filtered through a filter paper with an average pore size of 34 μm and a sintered metal filter with an average pore size of 10 μm to prepare a dope. The solid content of the dope was 23.5 mass%, the amount of plasticizer added was the ratio relative to the cellulose acylate, and the solvent for the dope was methylene chloride / methanol / butanol = 81 / 18 / 1 (mass ratio).

[0094] ------------------------------------------------ Cellulose acylate dope -------------------------------------------------- Cellulose acylate (acetyl substitution degree 2.86, viscosity average degree of polymerization 310) 100 parts by mass Sugar ester compound 1 (formula (S4) below) 6.0 parts by mass Sugar ester compound 2 (formula (S5) below) 2.0 parts by mass Silica particle dispersion (AEROSIL R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd.) 0.1 part by mass Solvent (methylene chloride / methanol / butanol) 351.9 parts by mass --------------------------------------------------

[0095] Sugar ester compound 1

[0096] Sugar ester compound 2

[0097] The dope prepared above was cast using a drum film-forming machine. The dope was cast from a die onto a metal support cooled to 0°C, and the resulting web (film) was then peeled off from the drum. The drum was made of SUS (stainless steel).

[0098] The web (film) obtained by casting was peeled from the drum and dried for 20 minutes in a tenter apparatus, in which both ends of the web were clipped and conveyed at 30 to 40°C during film conveyance. Subsequently, the web was post-dried by zone heating while conveying with a roll. The obtained web was knurled and then wound up, and this was used as substrate A1. The obtained substrate 1 had a film thickness of 60 μm, an in-plane retardation Re(550) of 1 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm, and a thickness direction retardation Rth(550) of 35 nm at a wavelength of 550 nm.

[0099] [Preparation of Photo-Alignment Film B1] The composition B1 for forming a photo-alignment film described later was continuously applied to the substrate 1 using a wire bar. The support on which the coating film was formed was dried for 120 seconds with hot air at 140°C and a wind speed of 1 m / s, and then the coating film was irradiated with polarized ultraviolet light (10 mJ / cm ２ , using an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp) to prepare a photo-alignment film B1, and obtain a substrate 1 with a photo-alignment film. The film thickness of the photo-alignment film B1 was 1.5 μm. The solid content concentration of the photo-alignment film-forming composition B1 was 20%, and the viscosity was 3.5 mPa s.

[0100] ------------------------------------------------ Composition of composition B1 for forming photo-alignment film------------------------------------------------ Polymer PA-1 (photo-alignment compound) below: 100.00 parts by mass EPICLON N-695 (manufactured by DIC Corporation) 55.74 parts by mass jER YX7400 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation) 18.75 parts by mass Polymer compound PB-1 below: 8.01 parts by mass Thermal cationic polymerization initiator PAG-1 below: 16.75 parts by mass Stabilizer DIPEA below: 1.06 parts by mass Acid-cleavable surfactant SA-1 below: 0.50 parts by mass Butyl acetate 803 parts by mass------------------------------------------------

[0101] Polymer PA-1 (photoalignment compound) (weight average molecular weight: 32,000; in the formula below, the numerical value for each repeating unit represents the content (mass %) of each repeating unit relative to all repeating units.)

[0102] Thermal cationic polymerization initiator PAG-1

[0103] Stabilizer DIPEA

[0104] High molecular compound PB-1 (weight average molecular weight: 18000)

[0105] Acid-cleavable surfactant SA-1 [weight average molecular weight: 78,000]

[0106] [Formation of Optically Absorbent Anisotropic Layer C1] A composition for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 having the following composition was continuously applied to the obtained photo-alignment film B1 using a wire bar to form a coating film. The coating film was then heated at 140°C for 15 seconds, followed by heat treatment at 80°C for 5 seconds, and cooled to room temperature (23°C). The coating film was then heated at 75°C for 60 seconds and cooled again to room temperature. Thereafter, the coating film was irradiated with light at 300 mJ using an LED (light emitting diode) lamp (center wavelength 365 nm) to form an optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 (polarizer) (thickness: 1.8 μm) on the photo-alignment film B1. The total content of the first dichroic material Dye-C1, the second dichroic material Dye-M1, and the third dichroic material Dye-Y1 contained in the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 was 220 mg / cm. ３ The transmittance of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 in the wavelength range of 280 to 780 nm was measured using a spectrophotometer, and the average visible light transmittance was found to be 42%. The absorption axis of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 was in the plane of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 and was perpendicular to the width direction of the substrate A1.

[0107] 0.65 parts by mass of the first dichroic substance Dye-C1 described below 0.15 parts by mass of the second dichroic substance Dye-M1 described below 0.52 parts by mass of the third dichroic substance Dye-Y1 described below 2.69 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound L-1 described below 1.15 parts by mass of the liquid crystal compound L-2 described below 0.17 parts by mass of the adhesion improver A-1 described below 0.17 parts by mass of the polymerization initiator IRGACUREOXE-02 (manufactured by BASF) 0.013 parts by mass of the surfactant F-1 described below 92.14 parts by mass of cyclopentanone 2.36 parts by mass of benzyl alcohol ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

[0108] Dichroic substance Dye-C1

[0109] Dichroic substance Dye-M1

[0110] Dichroic substance Dye-Y1

[0111] Liquid crystal compound L-1 (weight average molecular weight: 18,000; in the formula below, the numerical values ​​("59," "15," "26") shown for each repeating unit represent the content (% by mass) of each repeating unit relative to all repeating units.)

[0112] Liquid crystal compound L-2 (a mixture of the following liquid crystal compounds (RA), (RB), and (RC) in a mass ratio of 84:14:2)

[0113] Adhesion improver A-1

[0114] Surfactant F-1 (weight average molecular weight: 15,000, where the numerical value for each repeating unit represents the content (mass %) of each repeating unit relative to all repeating units)

[0115] [Preparation (Lamination) of Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Layer D1] A pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-forming composition prepared according to the formulation shown in Table 1 below was applied using a knife coater onto the release layer of a 38 μm-thick polyethylene terephthalate release film (SP-PET3811 manufactured by Lintec Corporation) as a release film, and then dried at 90°C for 1 minute to form a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer D1. Next, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer D1 was laminated so that it was in contact with the surface of the previously prepared optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1. Next, 30 seconds after lamination, ultraviolet (UV) light was irradiated from the release film side under the conditions described below, followed by heat treatment at 50°C for 2 hours to obtain a laminate precursor (layer structure: substrate A1 / photo-alignment film B1 / optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1 / pressure-sensitive adhesive layer D1 / release film). Next, the release film was peeled off, and TG40 (manufactured by Fujifilm Corporation) was attached, and then the substrate A1 was peeled off to obtain Laminate 1 (layer structure: photo-alignment film B1 / lightly absorbing anisotropic layer C1 / adhesive layer D1 / TG40). As shown in Table 1 below, Laminate 1 did not contain low-molecular-weight components with a molecular weight of 1,000 or less in the adhesive layer D1. <UV irradiation conditions> - Fusion Corporation electrodeless lamp H bulb used - Illuminance 600 mW / cm ２ , light intensity 150mJ / cm ２ The UV illuminance and actinometer used was "UVPF-36" manufactured by Eye Graphics Co., Ltd.

[0116] Example 2 Laminate 2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the formulation of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-forming composition was changed to that shown in the following Table 1. As shown in the following Table 1, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of Laminate 2 contained low-molecular-weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less, but the content of low-molecular-weight components satisfying "A < B" represented by the above formula (I) was 1.0 mass% or less.

[0117] Example 3 A laminate 3 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C2 was formed instead of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C1. As shown in Table 1 below, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer D1 of the laminate 3 did not contain any low-molecular-weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less.

[0118] [Formation of Optically Absorbent Anisotropic Layer C2] A composition C2 for forming an optically absorptive anisotropic layer was prepared according to the following formulation, heated and dissolved at 80° C. for 2 hours while stirring, and filtered through a 0.45 μm filter. ------------------------------------------------ Composition C2 for forming optically absorptive anisotropic layer ------------------------------------------------ 0.8 parts by mass of dichroic substance D1 shown below 2.6 parts by mass of dichroic substance D2 shown below 2.2 parts by mass of dichroic substance D3 shown below 1.8 parts by mass of dichroic substance D4 shown below 100.0 parts by mass of liquid crystal compound M-1 shown below 5.0 parts by mass of polymerization initiator IRGACURE369 (manufactured by BASF) 0.9 parts by mass of BYK361N (manufactured by BYK Japan) 925.0 parts by mass ------------------------------------------------

[0119] Dichroic substance D1

[0120] Dichroic substance D2

[0121] Dichroic substance D3

[0122] Dichroic substance D4

[0123] Liquid crystal compound M1 (a mixture of the following compound A / the following compound B=75 / 25)

[0124] (Compound A)

[0125] (Compound B)

[0126] The composition C2 for forming an optically absorbing anisotropic layer was applied with a wire bar onto the photo-alignment film B1 of a TAC (triacetyl cellulose) film with a photo-alignment film prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Next, the resulting coating film was heated at 120°C for 60 seconds and cooled to room temperature. Thereafter, the composition C2 was exposed to light at a dose of 2000 mJ / cm using a high-pressure mercury lamp. ２The optically absorptive anisotropic layer C2 was formed with a thickness of 2.5 μm by irradiating the layer with ultraviolet light of 1000 keV at 1000 keV. The liquid crystal of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C2 was confirmed to be in a smectic B phase.

[0127] Example 4: A long, amorphous, isophthalic copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate film (thickness: 100 μm) with a glass transition temperature of 75°C was used as the thermoplastic resin substrate. One side of the resin substrate was subjected to a corona treatment. A PVA-based resin (100 parts by mass of a 9:1 mixture of polyvinyl alcohol (degree of polymerization: 4200, degree of saponification: 99.2 mol%) and acetoacetyl-modified PVA (manufactured by Nippon Synthetic Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., trade name "GOHSEFIRM") was dissolved in water to prepare an aqueous PVA solution (coating solution). The PVA aqueous solution was applied to the corona-treated surface of the resin substrate and dried at 60°C to form a 13 μm-thick PVA-based resin layer, producing a laminate. The resulting laminate was uniaxially stretched 2.4 times in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction) in an oven at 130°C (in-air auxiliary stretching treatment). Next, the laminate was immersed for 30 seconds in an insolubilization bath (a boric acid aqueous solution obtained by blending 4 parts by mass of boric acid with 100 parts by mass of water) at a liquid temperature of 40°C (insolubilization treatment). Next, the laminate was immersed for 60 seconds in a dyeing bath (an iodine aqueous solution obtained by blending iodine and potassium iodide in a mass ratio of 1:7 with 100 parts by mass of water) at a liquid temperature of 30°C while adjusting the concentration (dyeing treatment). Next, the laminate was immersed for 30 seconds in a crosslinking bath (a boric acid aqueous solution obtained by blending 3 parts by mass of potassium iodide and 5 parts by mass of boric acid with 100 parts by mass of water) at a liquid temperature of 40°C (crosslinking treatment). Thereafter, while immersed in a boric acid aqueous solution (boric acid concentration 4% by mass, potassium iodide concentration 5% by mass) at a liquid temperature of 70°C, the laminate was uniaxially stretched in the longitudinal direction (longitudinal direction) between rolls with different peripheral speeds to a total stretch ratio of 5.5 times (underwater stretching treatment). The laminate was then immersed in a cleaning bath (aqueous solution prepared by blending 3 parts by mass of potassium iodide with 100 parts by mass of water) at a liquid temperature of 20°C (cleaning treatment). Thereafter, the laminate was brought into contact with a SUS heated roll whose surface temperature was maintained at approximately 75°C while being dried in an oven maintained at approximately 90°C (drying shrinkage treatment). In this way, an optically absorptive anisotropic layer C4 was formed on the resin substrate, and a laminate having a layer structure of the resin substrate and the optically absorptive anisotropic layer C4 was obtained.Next, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer was bonded to the surface of the optically absorbing anisotropic layer C4 of the obtained laminate in the same manner as in Example 1. 30 seconds after bonding, ultraviolet (UV) light was irradiated from the release film side under the same conditions as in Example 1, and then heat treatment was performed at 50 ° C. for 2 hours to obtain a laminate precursor (layer structure: resin substrate / optically absorbing anisotropic layer C4 / adhesive layer D1 / release film). Next, the release film was peeled off, and TG40 (manufactured by Fujifilm Corporation) was bonded to obtain a laminate 4 (layer structure: resin substrate / optically absorbing anisotropic layer C4 / adhesive layer D1 / TG40). Note that, as shown in Table 1 below, the adhesive layer D1 of the laminate 4 did not contain low-molecular-weight components with a molecular weight of 1000 or less.

[0128] [Comparative Example 1] Except for not carrying out heat treatment after bonding the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, laminate H1 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. As shown in Table 1 below, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer D1 of laminate H1 did not contain a low-molecular-weight component having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less, but the indentation modulus of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer D1 was less than 0.4 MPa.

[0129] [Comparative Example 2] Laminate H2 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the composition for forming a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer was changed to that shown in the following Table 1. As shown in the following Table 1, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of laminate H2 contained more than 1.0 mass% of low-molecular-weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less.

[0130] [Comparative Example 3] Laminate H3 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the formulation of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-forming composition was changed to that shown in the following Table 1. As shown in the following Table 1, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer of laminate H3 contained more than 1.0 mass% of low-molecular-weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less.

[0131] Comparative Example 4 A laminate H4 was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-forming composition was changed to a commercially available product (NCF-D692, manufactured by Lintec Corporation). As shown in Table 1 below, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (NCF-D692) of laminate H4 contained more than 1.0 mass% of low-molecular-weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less.

[0132] Comparative Example 5 A laminate H5 was produced in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-forming composition was changed to a commercially available product (NCF-D692, manufactured by Lintec Corporation). As shown in Table 1 below, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (NCF-D692) of laminate H5 contained more than 1.0 mass% of low-molecular-weight components having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less.

[0133] Comparative Example 6 The following adhesive layer-forming composition H6 was prepared. ----------------------- Adhesive layer-forming composition H6 --------------------------------------- CEL2021P (manufactured by Daicel Corporation) below: 70 parts by mass 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether: 20 parts by mass 2-ethylhexyl glycidyl ether: 10 parts by mass CPI-100P below: 2.25 parts by mass ---------------------------------------

[0134] CEL2021P

[0135] CPI-100P

[0136] <Preparation of Laminate H6> A laminate including the substrate 1, the photo-alignment film B1, and the optically absorbing anisotropic layer C1 was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. Next, the optically absorbing anisotropic layer C1 side of the prepared laminate was bonded to TG40 (manufactured by Fujifilm Corporation) using a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer-forming composition H6, and the UV irradiation conditions were adjusted to allow curing so that the indentation modulus was 6000 MPa. Next, the substrate A1 was peeled off to obtain a laminate H6 (layer structure: photo-alignment film B1 / optically absorbing anisotropic layer C1 / pressure-sensitive adhesive layer H6 / TG40).

[0137] [Evaluation] [Crack Resistance] Crack resistance was evaluated by the following method based on the general coating test method - flex resistance (cylindrical mandrel method) described in JIS-K-5600-5-1 (1999). Specifically, the prepared Laminates 1 to 4 and Laminates H1 to H6 were conditioned for 16 hours at 25°C and 55% relative humidity, and then wrapped around mandrels with diameters (Φ) of 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 25, and 32 mm, with the TG40 facing outward, and the occurrence of cracks was observed. The crack resistance was evaluated according to the following criteria using the smallest mandrel diameter at which no cracks occurred. The more cracks occurred under conditions of a larger mandrel diameter, the weaker the crack resistance. <Evaluation criteria> A: No cracks occurred even with a 2 mm mandrel B: Cracks occurred with a 3 to 4 mm mandrel C: Cracks occurred with a 5 mm or larger mandrel

[0138] [Adhesion] A cross-cut test (checkerboard tape peeling test) in accordance with JIS D0202-1988 was carried out on the prepared laminates 1 to 4 and laminates H1 to H6. A grid-like cut was made from the TG40 side to the light absorption anisotropic layer to form 100 squares. Of the 100 squares formed, the number of squares that peeled off by sticking and peeling cellophane tape ("CT24", manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd.) was counted and evaluated according to the following criteria. <Evaluation criteria> A: 0 squares peeled off B: 1 to 30 squares peeled off C: 31 or more squares peeled off

[0139] [Durability] The prepared laminates 1 to 4 and laminates H1 to H6 were aged for 500 hours in an environment of 80°C and a relative humidity of less than 10%. The smaller the change in transmittance before and after aging, the better the durability. The transmittance was measured using a spectrophotometer (VAP-7070, manufactured by JASCO) and calculated from the average value of the cross transmittance and parallel transmittance in the wavelength range of 380 to 780 nm. <Evaluation criteria> A: Change in transmittance is less than 2% B: Change in transmittance is 2% or more

[0140]

[0141] The results shown in Table 1 indicate that even when the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer adjacent to the optically absorptive anisotropic layer does not contain a low-molecular-weight component having a molecular weight of 1000 or less, if the indentation modulus is less than 0.4 MPa, the adhesiveness is poor (Comparative Example 1), and if the indentation modulus is greater than 6.0 MPa, the crack resistance is poor (Comparative Example 6). Furthermore, if the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer adjacent to the optically absorptive anisotropic layer contains more than 1.0 mass% of a low-molecular-weight component having a molecular weight of 1000 or less, the durability is poor (Comparative Examples 2 to 5), and in particular, if the indentation modulus is greater than 6.0 MPa, the crack resistance is poor (Comparative Examples 3 to 5).

[0142] In contrast, it was found that crack resistance, adhesion, and durability were all good when the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer adjacent to the optically absorptive anisotropic layer had an indentation modulus of 0.4 to 6.0 MPa and the low-molecular-weight component having a molecular weight of 1,000 or less satisfied the above-mentioned condition 1 or 2 (Examples 1 to 4). In particular, a comparison between Examples 1 to 3 and Example 4 showed that crack resistance was even better when the ratio of the indentation modulus P of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer to the indentation modulus N of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer (elastic modulus P / elastic modulus N) was 7,000 or less.

[0143] 80 Virtual reality display device 82 Image display device 84 Circular polarizer 86 Half mirror 88 Lens 90 Laminated body 92 Light ray

Claims

1. A laminate having an optically absorptive anisotropic layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer provided adjacent to at least one surface of the optically absorptive anisotropic layer, wherein the optically absorptive anisotropic layer contains a dichroic substance having a molecular weight of 1000 or less, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has an indentation modulus of 0.4 to 6.0 MPa, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer satisfies the following condition 1 or 2 with respect to a low molecular weight component having a molecular weight of 1000 or less. Condition 1: The low molecular weight component is not contained. Condition 2: If the low molecular weight component is contained, the content of the low molecular weight component satisfying the following formula (I) is 1.0 mass% or less relative to the mass of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer. A < B (I) Here, in the formula (I), A represents the distance between the Hansen solubility parameter of the matrix component in the optically absorptive anisotropic layer and the Hansen solubility parameter of the low molecular weight component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and B represents the distance between the Hansen solubility parameter of the matrix component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and the Hansen solubility parameter of the low molecular weight component in the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer.

2. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the matrix component of said light absorbing anisotropic layer is a liquid crystal compound.

3. The laminate according to claim 2, wherein the matrix component of said optically absorptive anisotropic layer has a Hansen solubility parameter of 18 or more.

4. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the matrix component of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is an acrylic or methacrylic polymer.

5. The laminate according to claim 4, wherein the matrix component of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer has a Hansen solubility parameter of 18 or less.

6. The laminate according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the indentation elastic modulus of said optically absorptive anisotropic layer to the indentation elastic modulus of said pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is 7,000 or less.

7. A display device comprising the laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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