Test bench for testing processes for purifying water of contaminants

Abstract

The invention relates to technology for performing off-line testing of water purification processes, and more particularly to devices for modelling processes for purifying water of contaminants in order to perform determinative testing and durability testing. Proposed is a test bench for testing processes for purifying water of contaminants, comprising a converter apparatus for purifying water having an air supply pipe. The converter apparatus is mounted in an axially symmetrical manner in the upper part of a reactor, and the reactor is connected to a pipeline and a pump which are mounted outside the reactor for the purpose of supplying and circulating contaminant-containing water through the converter apparatus and the reactor. The test bench further comprises a filter with a filter charge for the fine filtration of contaminants from the water, said filter being connected to the reactor by a pipeline and a pump for circulating contaminant-containing water through the filter. The test bench still further comprises an automatic control and monitoring system having a control unit with a frequency converter. The technical result of the claimed invention is an increase in the reliability of the purification parameters obtained with respect to water containing different contaminants using a simple device in the form of a test bench which can be used reliably to obtain more objective characteristics for designing and modelling water purification plants.

Description

[0001] TEST SET FOR WATER PURIFICATION PROCESSES FROM IMPURITIES

[0002] Field of technology

[0003] The invention relates to a technique for conducting autonomous tests of water purification processes, in particular, to devices for simulating water purification processes from impurities for conducting determination and resource tests.

[0004] Prior art

[0005] There are many known methods of water purification using various equipment. A device for water purification from various impurities using air, oxygen, and ozone supplied to the purification process is known (patents RU 2778532, 2660869, 2769109, 2453506).

[0006] A unit for complex water purification is known (patent RU 2778532, IPC C02F 9 / 00; C02F 1 / 52; C02F 1 / 74, published on 22.08.2022), which has a single dual-circuit tank. The inner circuit of the tank contains the following in sequence: a generation zone with the function of saturating water with oxygen from the air by aeration and cavitation due to the ejection process, a coagulation zone with the function of forming insoluble flocculent clusters due to the chemical reaction of oxygen with elements dissolved in water - impurities, and a settling zone with the function of settling flocculent clusters and periodically discharging water with the separated sediment during washing of the unit. The outer circuit contains: a clarification zone with the function of additional water purification, containing a filter load, and an accumulation zone with the functions of storing and supplying water to the consumer. The internal and external contours of the tank have a volume ratio within 1:(1.7-2.3).Provides compactness and economy in terms of operating costs of the complex water purification plant. The design features of the plant suggest the location of all units in a single housing of compact dimensions, and they can be scaled, and the plant has an equally high purification efficiency, regardless of its size and performance. The disadvantage of this solution is the complexity of scaling, since several units are subject to scaling.

[0007] The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is a method and device for its implementation (patent RU 2453506, IPC C02F 1 / 74, published 20.06.2012). The method for purifying water from impurities includes feeding purified water into a cylindrical mixing chamber, which is divided into an upper mass exchange chamber and a lower mass exchange chamber using a partition with a coaxial opening relative to the air supply pipe, swirling the water flow in the lower mass exchange chamber along the periphery to create a vacuum along the central axis of the mixing chamber, sucking in atmospheric air and forming two counter water flows in the lower and upper mass exchange chambers, interacting with each other to form a standing wave and simultaneously saturating the water flow with oxygen.In this case, the insoluble finely dispersed impurities formed in the water flow are concentrated along the periphery of the swirling flow in the cylindrical mixing chamber and are removed through a permeable wall in the side surface of the upper mass exchange chamber. The invention provides an effective method for removing impurities from aqueous solutions with a high degree of purification and a reduction in the duration of the purification process and without introducing reagents. The result of this solution consists in intensifying the processes of purifying natural and waste water from various impurities without using chemical reagents.

[0008] Another disadvantage of this solution is the difficulty of scaling.

[0009] For the wide application of this invention, as well as other devices described above, it is necessary to conduct tests on aqueous solutions, carry out scaling and modeling, select the optimal solution for productivity, cleaning quality, and the necessary equipment. Disclosure of the invention

[0010] The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of reproducing the parameters of water purification with various impurities for the correct selection of devices, conducting experimental studies and modeling installations for water purification from impurities.

[0011] The task is solved using a test bench for testing water purification processes from impurities, including a converter apparatus for water purification with an air supply pipe.

[0012] The converter apparatus is installed axially symmetrically in the upper part of the reactor, the reactor is connected to a pipeline and a pump, which are installed outside the reactor for feeding and circulating water with impurities through the converter apparatus and the reactor, the stand additionally includes a filter with a filter load for additional purification of water from impurities, which is connected to the reactor by a pipeline and a pump for circulating water with impurities through the filter, the stand contains an automatic control and monitoring system using a control unit with a frequency converter.

[0013] Preferably, the stand additionally includes a pre-filter for water purification in case of increased content of pollutants.

[0014] Preferably, a filter with cellulose sorbent loading is used in a stand for removing heavy metals from water.

[0015] Preferably, the filter has a porous silica gel based sorbent loading for concentrating trace amounts of metals.

[0016] Preferably, the stand for collecting the steam-gas mixture or gas released during water purification in the converter apparatus and reactor additionally includes a separator for subsequent extraction of useful substances or disposal of harmful substances.

[0017] The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the reliability of the parameters of water purification with various impurities on a simple device - a test bench, which does not reduce the reliability of the bench when obtaining more objective characteristics for the design and modeling of water purification plants. Brief description of the figures of the drawings

[0018] Fig. 1 shows a three-dimensional image of the proposed test bench.

[0019] Fig. 2 shows a three-dimensional image of the stand with a section.

[0020] In Fig. 1-2, positions 1-10 indicate:

[0021] 1 - reactor;

[0022] 2 - main vertical pump for feeding water with impurities into the converter apparatus;

[0023] 3 - pipeline for circulation of water with impurities using pump 2 through the converter apparatus and reactor;

[0024] 4 - pipeline of the circulation pump connecting the reactor with the filter;

[0025] 5 - circulation pump on pipeline 4, connecting the reactor with filter 6;

[0026] 6 - filter;

[0027] 7 - control unit with frequency converter;

[0028] 8 - frame;

[0029] 9 - converter apparatus;

[0030] 10 - point for supplying air to the converter apparatus.

[0031] The stand consists of a reactor 1 containing a tank with a cylindrical body, a cylindrical bulk filter 6 mounted on a frame 8, a vertical pump 2, pipelines for feeding 3 and discharging 4 the treated aqueous mixture.

[0032] The vertical pump 2 takes water from the lower part of the reactor 1 via the pipeline 3 and feeds it at high speed through the converter apparatus 9 to the upper part of the reactor. In the axial zone of the converter apparatus 9 at point 10 an air supply pipe with an electric vacuum valve leak is mounted (not shown in Fig. 1, 2). In this way it is possible to automatically regulate the quantity and mass of air bubbles, which is the regulation of the aeration rate, using the pipeline 3 for air supply as well. Reactor 1 is connected to filter 6 for sedimentation of impurities insoluble in water via pipeline 4 with the help of circulation pump 5.

[0033] All processes occurring in the stand are set and controlled automatically using a control unit with a frequency converter 7. The stand is installed on a frame 8. A device known from the prior art (according to patent RU 2453506) can be used as a converter apparatus 9, as well as other known devices from the prior art for reagent-free water purification from impurities using air (oxygen, ozone) to carry out oxidation processes.

[0034] Known materials for post-treatment are used as filter loading in filter 6: zeolites, expanded clay, quartz sand and other materials known from the state of the art. It is possible to use silica gel-based sorbents with complexing agents for concentrating trace amounts of metals (iron, zinc, tin, copper, lead and other metals).

[0035] To remove heavy metals from water, it is possible to use ion exchange concentration (using cellulose sorbents) or extraction concentration.

[0036] A separator with a branch pipe for collecting the steam-gas mixture or gas can be installed on pipeline 3. Depending on the content of the gas or steam-gas mixture, suitable known methods for their further utilization are selected.

[0037] The best embodiment of the invention

[0038] Example 1.

[0039] The stand operates as follows:

[0040] Contaminated water is collected in reactor 1 (the readings of which are recorded in control unit 7). Then pump 2 is switched on and water is purified through converter apparatus 9, with air being added to it through point 10. Then purified water with sediment is fed to filter 6 with expanded clay using pump 5. If necessary, water after filtration is fed again to converter apparatus 9. Water with different degrees and complexity of contamination is poured into this reactor 1, for example, oil products, residues of chemical reactions after chemical cleaning, discharges from galvanic production, wash water, discharges from domestic and industrial household activities. Thus, having determined in advance the amount of impurities in a given batch of water, devices are selected (see patent "Method of water purification from impurities and device for its implementation" RU 2453506), the material from which they are made and their composition.The pump capacity is also selected based on the characteristics (pressure and flow), the material of the pump, and tests are carried out in specified modes. In this way, the most optimal mode of impurity oxidation in terms of speed and energy consumption is identified. As a result, based on the results of the studies of the processing mode time, energy consumption, we can accurately, using the data obtained at the stand, calculate future treatment facilities for wastewater treatment or water treatment from a well or surface source for any calculated natural value. Accordingly, select and complete the most energy-efficient modular complexes in order to carry out chemical and physical reactions in environmentally safe modes.

[0041] All processes are controlled automatically using automatic control systems (ACS). These processes can also be accelerated if the processing speed is correspondingly increased due to the speed of passage of contaminated water in the reactor through the converter. Some impurities in insoluble form must be precipitated on filter 6. Also, in order to accelerate the water purification process, its oxygen saturation is taken into account. Waste water, having been used, consumes the oxygen contained in it. Thus, it is necessary to saturate it for further acceleration of the dissociation and ion exchange reactions. Having saturated the two-phase medium in the converter apparatus chamber by supplying atmospheric air in high-speed mode to the axial zone of the organized flow in the chamber, the water restores its oxidizing properties and the oxidation reaction proceeds at a controlled speed until completion. In parallel, the sedimentation of insoluble particles on the bulk filter 6 occurs.

[0042] The proposed stand allows to study various water polluted environments and allows to expand the possibilities of the study, bringing it closer to real conditions. Various studies conducted on the proposed stand allow to design and model installations for water purification from various impurities and to determine the necessary parameters of the units of the installations.

[0043] Industrial applicability

[0044] The invention can be used in the technology of conducting autonomous tests of water purification processes, in particular, to devices for modeling water purification processes from impurities for conducting determination and resource tests.

Claims

CLAUSE OF THE INVENTION 1. A test rig for conducting tests of water purification processes from impurities, including a converter apparatus for water purification with an air supply pipe, characterized in that the converter apparatus is installed axially symmetrically in the upper part of the reactor, the reactor is connected to a pipeline and a pump, which are installed outside the reactor for feeding and circulating water with impurities through the converter apparatus and the reactor, the rig additionally includes a filter with a filter load for additional purification of water from impurities, which is connected to the reactor by a pipeline and a pump for circulating water with impurities through the filter, the rig contains an automatic control and monitoring system using a control unit with a frequency converter.

2. The stand according to item 1, characterized in that it additionally includes a filter for preliminary purification of water with an increased content of pollutants.

3. A stand according to item 2, characterized in that a filter loaded with cellulose sorbents is used to remove heavy metals from water.

4. A stand according to item 1, characterized in that the filter has a load of a sorbent based on porous silica gel for concentrating trace amounts of metals.

5. The stand according to item 1, characterized in that for collecting the steam-gas mixture or gas released during water purification in the converter apparatus and reactor, it additionally includes a separator for the subsequent extraction of useful substances or disposal of harmful substances.

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