Fabric bending rigidity measurement apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to a measurement apparatus for measuring the multi-directional bending rigidity of fabrics in the textile industry, which is mountable on a strength measurement device.

Description

[0001] FABRIC BENDING RIGIDITY MEASUREMENT APPARATUS

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The invention relates to a measurement apparatus for measuring the multi-directional bending rigidity of fabrics in the textile industry, which is mountable on a strength measurement instrument.

[0004] State of the Art

[0005] Bending strength is the resistance of a fabric to bending, and fabrics with high bending strength are stiff and drapability decreases as bending strength increases. Essentially, the bending strength of a fabric depends on the properties of the yarns constructing the fabric, the structure of the fibers, the fabric weave and the finishing processes applied.

[0006] Studies on the evaluation of fabric performance based on the mechanical properties of the fabric were initiated by Peirce in 1930. In his work entitled “The Handle of Cloth as a Measurable Quantity”, Peirce argues that the handle of cloth should be evaluated in the field of engineering and lists the various quantities that can be used as a measure of fabric stiffness as follows; bending length (c), bending rigidity (G), thickness (d), stiffness or resistance to compression (H), bending modulus (q), compression modulus (h), density (A), extensibility (q').

[0007] Bending rigidity ((G), (mgm.cm)) is the resistance of the product to bending. It is the moment applied to both ends of a textile surface of unit width when it is bent to a unit radius of curvature without applying tension. Textile products that felt as stiff when examined by hand have high bending strength. Bending rigidity measures the actual forces generated during the bending of the material.

[0008] According to the literature search conducted on the state of the art, the following measurement results were found in the literature:

[0009] - In the Kawabata "KES-FB2" measuring system, the "Shirley Bending Rigidity" system is used, in which the one-way bending rigidity of fabrics is measured. Since this measurement performs a one-way bending rigidity measurement, it is necessary to measure separately from the weft and warp directions of the fabric.

[0010] According to the bending strength test known as TS 1409, a slider with millimeter divisions was placed on the horizontal upper plane as shown in Figure-1 in the Shirley stiffness measurement device used to determine the bending strength of fabrics. On the side transparent covers of the device, observation lines passing through the front edge of the upper plane and making an angle of 41.5° with the horizontal are drawn. When the end of the fabric sample reaches an inclined level of 41.5° (0) below the horizontal, the overhanging length is twice the bending length. The bending rigidity is calculated by determining the average bending length (L) and fabric weight (W) separately for the weft and warp (Saville, 1999;Gider, 1997).

[0011] G = 0.1xWxl_3(mg.cm)

[0012] The general bending strength of the fabric (Go) can be calculated by the following formula.

[0013] Gc= average bending strength in warp direction

[0014] Ga= average bending strength in weft direction

[0015] As the bending length and overall bending strength of the fabric increases, the fabric becomes stiffer. The fixed-angle flexometer measures the one-way bending resistance of fabrics. While performing this test, it is necessary to test separately in the weft and warp direction.

[0016] The multi-directional bending resistance developed from the circular bend test method known as ASTM 4032 can be determined with a circular flexometer. The circular flexometer detects the force required to push the fabric sample down through a 38.1 mm diameter hole on the 102 x 102 x 6 mm sized table. A pressing roller with a diameter of 25.4 mm is placed in the device to push the fabric down through this hole. The pressing roller is made to move such that it pushes the fabric down along a 57 mm course and the required pushing force (gf) is read from the digital display. Although this measurement system is practical, since force detection is carried out with load cells of a certain capacity during the manufacture of the devices, while it is possible to measure the stiff fabrics easily, it may not be possible to make measaurement with soft fabrics below the load cell measurement capacity.

[0017] Therefore, there is a need for development that minimizes or eliminates the above- mentioned disadvantages in the state of the art.

[0018] Summary of the Invention

[0019] An advantage of the invention is that the bending rigidity of circular shaped samples cut from fabric can be measured not only in one direction but also in multiple directions. In this way, it will be possible to obtain more accurate results regarding fabric bending strength.

[0020] Another advantage of the invention is that it will be possible to take measurements of a wide range from very thin fabrics to very thick fabrics. Depending on the thickness of the fabric, there will be no need to use different measurement devices.

[0021] Another advantage of the invention is that since it creates a deformation in the upward direction, not downwards as in the state of the art, therefore it will be ensured that the fabric weight affecting the fabric bending rigidity will also affect the measurement.

[0022] Another advantage of the invention is that companies that have strength measurement devices in their laboratories or any institution that needs this measurement will be able to measure the multi-directional bending rigidity in a very practical way by simply buying and assembling the apparatus developed as the subject of the invention, ensuring adaptation of the already used devices with an easy way.

[0023] Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 : A representative view of the Shirley stiffness tester.

[0025] Figure 2: A representative perspective view of the fabric measurement apparatus of the invention. Figure 3: A representative top projection view of the blades in the fabric measurement apparatus of the invention.

[0026] Figure 4: A representative side projection view of the fabric measurement apparatus of the invention.

[0027] Figure 5: A representative perspective projection view of the fabric measurement apparatus of the invention after being placed in the strength measurement device.

[0028] Description of the References in the Drawings

[0029] For a better understanding of the invention, the description of the numbers in the figures is given below:

[0030] 1 . Upper jaw connection part

[0031] 2. Blade connection wire

[0032] 3. Blade

[0033] 4. Blade-wire connection pin

[0034] 5. Blade upper plate connection space

[0035] 6. Upper plate

[0036] 7. Upper plate foot connection

[0037] 8. Placement and clamping region

[0038] 9. Lower plate-foot connection

[0039] 10. Foot

[0040] 11. Sample fabric

[0041] 12. Measurement region

[0042] 13. Strength Measurement Device

[0043] 14. Load cell

[0044] 15. Upper jaw connection shaft

[0045] 16. Lower plate

[0046] 17. Lower jaw connection shaft

[0047] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0048] The example embodiments are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying descriptions. Furthermore, the embodiments can be established in different forms and should not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiments specified herein. Rather, these example embodiments are provided so that this description will be thorough, and will fully convey the scope to those skilled in the art.

[0049] The terminology used in this description is intended to describe a particular example embodiment only and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, the forms "a", ''at least", and "preferably" are intended to include plural forms as well, unless the context clearly states otherwise. When the terms “comprises” and / or “including” are use in this specification, they do not prevent the presence or addition of the specified properties, integers, steps, processes, elements, and / or components, however one or more other properties, integers, steps, processes, elements, and / or components.

[0050] The measurement apparatus (100) of the invention connected to a strength measurement device (13) comprises at least four blades (3) connected to an upper plate (6) by at least one blade-upper plate connection space (5) and at least one blade-wire connection pin (4), at least one measuring region (12) in the inner part of said at least four wings (3) in which the sample fabric (11 ) is to be placed, at least four blade connection wires (2) connected to each said blade (3) by at least one blade-wire connection pin (4), at least one upper jaw connection part (1 ) ensuring the pulling of at least four blade connection wires (2) by connecting them to the upper jaw connection shaft (15) of the strength measurement device (13).

[0051] In the measurement apparatus (100) of the invention, the fabric sample (11 ) placed in the measurement region (12) ensures, through the upper jaw connection part (1 ) connected to the upper jaw connection shaft (15), the closing of at least two blades (3) connected to this point with blade connection wires (2) upon the actuation of the strength measurement device (13). The blades (3), which preferably close up to an upright position of 90°, ensure that the fabric sample (11) placed in the measurement region (12) on the inner part thereof is compressed and subjected to multi-directional bending. The force applied in this process is measured by the load cell (14) placed on the upper jaw connection shaft (15) of the strength measurement device (13). The measurement is made before the sample fabric (11 ) is placed and after the sample fabric (11 ) is placed, and the difference in force is determined as the bending strength value of the sample fabric (11). In the measurement apparatus (100) of the invention, the lower plate (16) is designed to be placed and compressed in the placement and compression region (8) where the lower jaw connection shaft (17) of the strength device (13) is located. The upper plate (6) and the lower plate (16) are connected by at least one foot (10), and said at least one foot (10) is connected to the upper plate (6) by at least one upper plate-foot connection (7) and to the lower plate (16) by at least one lower plate-foot connection (9).

[0052] Any features described in this description (including appended claims, summary and drawings) may be replaced by other alternative features that may have equivalent or similar purposes, unless otherwise stated explicitly. That is, unless otherwise stated explicitly, each feature is only one example of a set of equivalent or similar features.

[0053] The above embodiments are intended only to describe the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to ensure that those skilled in the art understand the content of the present invention and practice the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the invention are intended to be included in the scope of the invention.

[0054] Industrial Applicability of the Invention

[0055] The invention relates to a fabric bending rigidity measurement apparatus which can be attached to and removed from the strength measurement devices used in the textile industry, and is industrially applicable.

[0056] The invention is not limited to the example embodiments above, and the person skilled in the art can readily present other different embodiments of the invention. These should be considered within the protection scope of the invention claimed by the claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. The measurement apparatus (100) connected to a strength measurement device (13), characterized in that it comprises at least four blades (3) connected to an upper plate (6) by at least one blade-upper plate space (5) and at least one bladeupper plate connection pin (4), at least one measuring region (12) in the inner part of said at least four wings (3) in which the sample fabric (11 ) is to be placed, at least four blade connection wires (2) connected to each said blade (3) by at least one blade-wire connection pin (4), at least one upper jaw connection part (1 ) ensuring the pulling of at least four blade connection wires (2) by connecting them to the upper jaw connection shaft (15) of the strength measurement device (13).

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