antenna

Abstract

An antenna. The antenna comprises a PCB element and a reflecting plate. The PCB element is disposed on one side of the reflecting plate, and a metamaterial layer is provided on the side of the reflecting plate close to the PCB element; the PCB element comprises a PCB and a plurality of element bodies disposed on the PCB; and the element bodies are low-profile elements. The present application allows for high gain and miniaturization of an antenna; and the antenna is convenient to install and can adapt to various different installation scenarios in a cell.

Description

An antenna

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This disclosure is based on and claims the priority of Chinese patent application with application number 202311705110.3 and application date December 12, 2023. The entire content of the Chinese patent application is hereby incorporated into this disclosure as a reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna. Background Art

[0004] Antennas act as converters, converting guided waves propagating along transmission lines into electromagnetic waves that can be transmitted in free space and then emitted. Antennas also perform the opposite conversion, receiving wireless signals. Antennas are a crucial component of mobile wireless network coverage and are widely used in 4G and 5G wireless networks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an antenna to address the deficiencies in the prior art. The antenna has high gain, achieves high gain, miniaturization and lightweight, uses a reflector with a metamaterial structure to reduce the size and volume of the antenna, improves the antenna gain, and uses a low-profile PCB vibrator group to reduce the weight of the antenna.

[0006] The present disclosure proposes an antenna, comprising a PCB vibrator unit and a reflector;

[0007] The PCB vibrator unit is arranged on one side of the reflector, and a metamaterial layer is arranged on a side of the reflector close to the PCB vibrator unit;

[0008] The PCB vibrator unit includes a PCB board and a plurality of vibrator bodies arranged on the PCB board;

[0009] The vibrator body is a low-profile vibrator.

[0010] In one embodiment, the plurality of vibrator bodies are distributed in a circular array, and the two vibrator bodies in a pair are distributed in a centrally symmetrical manner;

[0011] The PCB board is provided with a narrow slot, and any two adjacent vibrator bodies are isolated by the narrow slot.

[0012] In one embodiment, there are two narrow slots, which intersect each other vertically, dividing the PCB board into multiple vibrator distribution areas; and a vibrator body is provided in each distribution area.

[0013] In one embodiment, a first hole and a second hole are provided in the slot; the first hole and the second hole are distributed along the length direction of the slot.

[0014] In one embodiment, the metamaterial layer is made of a composite left-handed and right-handed transmission line structure metamaterial.

[0015] In one embodiment, a plate groove is formed on a side of the reflective plate close to the PCB vibrator unit;

[0016] The PCB vibrator unit is arranged in the board slot;

[0017] The metamaterial layer is arranged on the inner wall of the plate groove.

[0018] In one embodiment, the invention comprises a first housing, a second housing and a mounting assembly;

[0019] The first shell is connected to the second shell to form an accommodating space; the PCB vibrator unit is installed in the accommodating space; the radiation direction of the PCB vibrator unit is toward the first shell;

[0020] The mounting assembly is connected to a side of the second shell away from the first shell; the mounting assembly is used to arrange the second shell along the first direction or the second direction.

[0021] In one embodiment, the mounting assembly includes a mounting mechanism and an adjustment unit, and the mounting mechanism is connected to the second housing via the adjustment unit;

[0022] The adjustment unit is used to adjust the installation angle of the antenna around at least one of the first axis, the second axis or the third axis.

[0023] In one embodiment, the adjustment unit includes a first adjustment bracket; the first adjustment bracket is capable of adjusting the installation angle around the first axis.

[0024] In one embodiment, the adjustment unit further comprises a second adjustment frame and a mounting plate;

[0025] The first adjustment frame is connected to the second adjustment frame, and the second adjustment frame is connected to the mounting plate; the second adjustment frame can adjust the mounting angle around the second axis.

[0026] In one embodiment, the second adjustment frame is provided with a first connecting portion, and the first connecting portion is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole;

[0027] The center line of the first through hole is parallel to the first axis;

[0028] The second through hole is an arc-shaped hole, and the center line corresponding to the second through hole coincides with the center line of the first through hole;

[0029] The first adjustment frame is provided with a third through hole and a fourth through hole;

[0030] The first connecting portion and the second adjusting bracket are connected by a first bolt passing through the first through hole and the third through hole and a second bolt passing through the second through hole and the fourth through hole.

[0031] In one embodiment, a second connecting portion is provided on the mounting plate;

[0032] The second connecting portion is provided with a fifth through hole and a sixth through hole;

[0033] The center line of the fifth through hole is parallel to the second axis;

[0034] The sixth through hole is an arc-shaped hole, and the center line corresponding to the sixth through hole coincides with the center line of the fifth through hole;

[0035] The second adjustment frame is provided with a seventh through hole and an eighth through hole;

[0036] The second connecting portion and the second adjustment bracket are connected by a third bolt passing through the fifth through hole and the seventh through hole, and a fourth bolt passing through the sixth through hole and the eighth through hole.

[0037] In one embodiment, the adjustment unit further includes a connecting plate;

[0038] The connecting plate is connected to the second housing; the connecting plate is capable of adjusting the installation angle of the antenna around the third axis;

[0039] In one embodiment, the first adjustment frame is further provided with a ninth through hole and a tenth through hole;

[0040] The ninth through hole and the tenth through hole are both arc-shaped holes, and the center line corresponding to the ninth through hole coincides with the center line corresponding to the tenth through hole;

[0041] The connecting plate is connected to the second housing by a fifth bolt passing through the ninth through hole and a sixth bolt passing through the tenth through hole.

[0042] Compared to existing technologies, the present invention incorporates a metamaterial layer on the reflector, covers the slotted surface with the metamaterial, and utilizes zero-refractive-index metamaterials to prevent electromagnetic waves from being refracted or reflected, thereby controlling the direction of electromagnetic wave transmission and converging signals, thereby improving the directivity and gain of the array antenna. The composite left-handed and right-handed transmission line metamaterial suppresses antenna edge radiation, reduces interference between antenna elements, and suppresses harmonic generation, enabling miniaturization of the antenna design. This satisfies the demands for miniaturized and high-gain antennas in close-range, wide-range coverage scenarios. Furthermore, the use of low-profile oscillators, combined with the metamaterial, further improves antenna gain and facilitates antenna miniaturization.

[0043] The present invention utilizes low-profile PCB dipole units. Each PCB dipole unit is equipped with multiple dipole bodies arranged in a circular array. The multiple dipole bodies are arranged in pairs, and each pair of dipole bodies is centrally symmetrical. As a result, the multiple dipole bodies can radiate outward from the center of the circular array, which helps improve the antenna's directivity and gain.

[0044] The antenna proposed in this disclosure has a gain of no less than 13dBi, which is higher than the gain of conventional miniaturized antennas of the same size (generally less than or equal to 12dBi), and provides better coverage depth. The antenna proposed in this disclosure incorporates a metamaterial structure on the surface of the slot plates on both sides of the oscillator, achieving higher gain while miniaturizing the antenna.

[0045] The proposed antenna measures 400mm x 150mm x 50mm (length x width x depth) and weighs approximately 500 grams. Designed with lightweight materials, it's ultra-light and thin, making it discreet and aesthetically pleasing to use. The antenna can be mounted horizontally or vertically to meet the needs of different coverage scenarios and building types.

[0046] The antenna proposed in the present disclosure adopts a PCB vibrator unit, which further reduces the thickness and volume of the antenna; it adopts an integrated power division network and a radiation plate feed plate, which can be fully automated in production, making assembly simpler and ensuring the consistency of the antenna's electrical performance.

[0047] The antenna fixture proposed in this disclosure can be adjusted in one or two dimensions, allowing for installation based on coverage requirements. The fixture design allows for wall-mounted antennas without the need for a pole, simplifying installation and enabling both vertical and horizontal mounting. The fixture also allows for both horizontal and horizontal adjustment, requiring only two expansion screws for quick and convenient installation. Furthermore, because the antenna is mounted against the wall (without visible head and minimal windward exposure), the fixture's well-designed force-bearing structure ensures high antenna installation safety, effectively reducing the risk of loosening or falling antennas due to wind pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the PCB vibrator unit and the reflector proposed in the present disclosure;

[0049] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a PCB vibrator unit proposed in the present disclosure;

[0050] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a PCB vibrator unit proposed in the present disclosure;

[0051] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a PCB vibrator unit proposed in the present disclosure;

[0052] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna proposed in the present disclosure being installed horizontally on top of a building;

[0053] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an antenna proposed in the present disclosure being installed laterally on the outer side wall of a building;

[0054] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an antenna proposed in the present disclosure vertically installed on the outer side wall of a building;

[0055] FIG8 is a simulation diagram of a low-frequency point on a vertical plane in Example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0056] FIG9 is a simulation diagram of the vertical plane mid-frequency point in Example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0057] FIG10 is a simulation diagram of high-frequency points on a vertical surface in Example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0058] FIG11 is a simulation diagram of a low-frequency point on a horizontal plane in Example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0059] FIG12 is a simulation diagram of the horizontal plane mid-frequency point in Example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0060] FIG13 is a simulation diagram of high-frequency points on the horizontal plane in Example 1 of the present disclosure;

[0061] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the antenna installation structure proposed in Example 2 of the present disclosure;

[0062] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna installed on the outer wall of the building according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure;

[0063] FIG16 is a disassembled diagram of the antenna proposed in the present disclosure;

[0064] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the antenna proposed in Example 3 of the present disclosure.

[0065] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1-first housing, 2-second housing, 3-PCB vibrator unit, 4-mounting assembly, 5-expansion screw; 31-PCB board, 32-vibrator body, 33-slot; 331-first hole, 332-second hole; 41-mounting mechanism, 42-first adjustment bracket, 43-first bolt, 44-second bolt, 45-third bolt, 46-fourth bolt, 47-connecting plate, 48-fifth bolt, 49-sixth bolt; 411-second adjustment bracket, 412-mounting plate, 413-first connecting portion, 414-second connecting portion; 4111-seventh through hole, 4112-eighth through hole; 4131-first through hole, 4132-second through hole; 4141-fifth through hole, 4142-sixth through hole; 421 - third through hole, 422 - fourth through hole, 423 - ninth through hole, 424 - tenth through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0066] The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present disclosure, but are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0067] With the development of information technology, antenna technology is constantly evolving and evolving. Traditionally, simple antenna types are no longer sufficient for complex scenarios. This is especially true in densely populated urban areas, where building wireless signal coverage within the complex is extremely challenging. Building base stations outside the residential area to provide coverage within the complex often results in suboptimal coverage and easily creates blind spots and dead zones. Therefore, achieving deep coverage in residential areas has long been a challenge for mobile communications operators.

[0068] Currently, coverage antennas used in high-density residential communities mostly use directional panel antennas or wide-angle antennas. Residential community antenna designs largely mirror the concepts of outdoor macro base station antennas, often simply miniaturizing macro base station directional panel antennas. Wide-angle antennas, also widely used for residential community coverage, also have significant drawbacks in balancing antenna gain and beamwidth, as well as in antenna installation. Conventional cell coverage antennas generally suffer from low gain and insufficient coverage depth.

[0069] How to solve the problem of large size and low gain of antennas in residential areas in the prior art is one of the problems to be solved in this field.

[0070] In the existing technology, the field of short-range wide coverage antenna technology still has the following defects:

[0071] 1) Conventional small antennas have a wide horizontal beam width and a narrow vertical beam width. They cover high-rise buildings at close range, resulting in a small coverage area and easily forming coverage holes and "black spots under the tower".

[0072] 2) Conventional small antennas are still relatively large in size and weight, inconvenient to install, and unsightly.

[0073] 3) Large-angle antennas optimize horizontal and vertical beam widths, but the improvements in antenna size and weight are not significant.

[0074] In order to overcome the defects mentioned in the background technology and the above disclosure, the present disclosure provides the following embodiments:

[0075] Example 1

[0076] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4. This embodiment proposes an antenna, which includes a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) vibrator unit 3 and a reflector 6. In a specific implementation, the number of PCB vibrator units 3 in each antenna can be one or more than two. In a preferred implementation, the number of PCB vibrator units 3 can be 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6. The PCB vibrator unit 3 is located on one side of the reflector 6. Specifically, the reflector 6 can be an aluminum plate. A metamaterial layer is provided on the side of the reflector close to the PCB vibrator unit 3. By providing a metamaterial layer, the negative electromagnetic refractive index characteristics of the metamaterial surface are utilized to converge electromagnetic waves, thereby improving the directivity and gain of the array antenna. The periodic structure of the metamaterial is used to achieve in-phase reflection of the incident wave on the surface of the single-layer reflector 6, simulating the boundary of an ideal magnetic conductor to improve the corresponding coverage capability.

[0077] The PCB vibrator unit 3 includes a PCB board 31 and at least two pairs of vibrator bodies 32 disposed on the PCB board 31. Specifically, each PCB vibrator unit 3 can be provided with multiple vibrator bodies 32. In a specific implementation, the vibrator bodies 32 can be provided in pairs, i.e., the number of vibrator bodies 32 is an even number. The multiple vibrator bodies 32 are arranged in a circular array, with the two pairs of vibrator bodies 32 being centrally symmetrically distributed. The multiple pairs of vibrator bodies 32 can radiate outward from the center of the circular array, thereby improving the antenna's directivity and gain.

[0078] In a specific implementation, the PCB board 31 is provided with a slot 33, separating any two adjacent vibrator bodies 32. The slot 33 facilitates the isolation of adjacent vibrator bodies 32, preventing interference between adjacent vibrator bodies 32. Furthermore, the slot 33 includes a first hole 331 and a second hole 332. The first hole 331 and the second hole 332 are distributed along the length of the slot 33. In a specific implementation, the first hole 331 is a circular hole, and the second hole 332 is a square hole. The second hole 332 and the first hole 331 are distributed along a direction approaching the center of the circular array. The first and second holes 331 and 332 not only isolate adjacent vibrator bodies 32 but also facilitate installation. In a specific implementation, the specific structure of the PCB vibrator unit 3 is shown in Figures 1 to 4. The slots 33 are perpendicular to each other, each containing a circular hole and a square hole. The circular hole is closer to the center of the radiator plate than the square hole. In a specific implementation, both ends of the narrow slot 33 are flared structures.

[0079] In a specific implementation, the number of slots 33 can be multiple, depending on the number of vibrator bodies 32, as long as any two adjacent vibrator bodies 32 are separated by a slot 33. Therefore, depending on actual needs, each PCB vibrator unit 3 can include four, six, or eight vibrator bodies 32. However, considering the shape and size of the vibrator bodies 32, in a preferred implementation, the number of vibrator bodies 32 is four. Accordingly, there are two slots 33, which intersect perpendicularly, dividing the PCB board 31 into multiple vibrator distribution areas; each distribution area contains a vibrator body 32.

[0080] In order to facilitate further miniaturization of the antenna, in this embodiment, the vibrator body 32 is a low-profile vibrator.

[0081] In the same antenna, there are multiple PCB vibrator units 3. It should be noted that in a single antenna, there can be multiple PCB vibrator units 3, and the radiation directions of the multiple PCB vibrator units 3 can be parallel or non-parallel. When the radiation directions of the multiple PCB vibrator units 3 are non-parallel, the radiation range can be increased to a certain extent.

[0082] In specific implementation, the metamaterial layer utilizes a composite left-handed transmission line structure metamaterial. Covering the slotted surface with the metamaterial, the negative electromagnetic refractive index of the metamaterial surface converges electromagnetic waves, improving the directivity and gain of the array antenna. This composite left-handed transmission line structure suppresses antenna edge radiation, reduces interference between antenna elements, and suppresses harmonic generation, enabling miniaturized antenna design. This meets the demand for compact, high-gain antennas in high-density residential areas.

[0083] In a specific implementation, a groove is formed on the side of the reflector 6 proximal to the PCB oscillator unit 3; the PCB oscillator unit 3 is disposed within the groove. Specifically, the groove can be formed by folding the edge of the reflector outward, or it can be a groove provided on one side of the reflector. Providing the groove 61 on the reflector 6 facilitates enhanced reflection of electromagnetic waves. More specifically, the metamaterial layer is disposed on the inner wall of the groove 61. That is, the metamaterial layer covers the sidewalls of the bottom surface of the groove 61.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] Referring to Figures 5 to 15 , the present disclosure proposes an antenna suitable for use in residential areas, as well as in areas with a large number of buildings, such as office buildings and industrial parks. The antenna comprises a first housing 1, a second housing 2, a PCB vibrator unit 3, and a mounting assembly 4. The PCB vibrator unit 3 is mounted between the first housing 1 and the second housing 2, and the mounting assembly 4 is used to secure the antenna to the building. The antenna proposed in this embodiment is primarily designed and manufactured using printed circuit boards, effectively reducing manufacturing complexity; its smaller size and weight effectively lower material costs.

[0086] In a preferred application, the overall structure formed by the first shell 1, the second shell 2 and the PCB vibrator unit 3 is a rectangular parallelepiped with an external dimension of 400 mm×150 mm×50 mm (length×width×thickness).

[0087] In a specific implementation, the first shell 1 and the second shell 2 are connected to form an accommodating space; the connection between the first shell 1 and the second shell 2 can be by bolt connection, clamping, welding or bonding. The PCB vibrator unit 3 is fixedly installed in the accommodating space; specifically, the PCB vibrator unit 3 is connected to the first shell 1 or the second shell 2, specifically by bolt connection or clamping. In a specific implementation, the PCB vibrator unit 3 can also be installed in the accommodating space through other components. For example, the reflector is connected to the second shell 2 by bolts, clamping or bonding, and then the PCB vibrator unit is installed on the reflector. In a specific installation, the emission direction of the PCB vibrator unit 3 is toward the first shell 1. The PCB vibrator unit 3 is a low-profile PCB vibrator unit 3, and the inner surface of the plate groove of the reflector is coated with metamaterial. In a specific implementation, the metamaterial used in this embodiment is a composite left-handed and right-handed transmission line structure metamaterial.

[0088] This embodiment uses a low-profile PCB vibrator unit, uses metamaterial to cover the inner surface of the board slot, and also uses metamaterial to cover the slot board surface. The negative electromagnetic refractive index characteristics of the metamaterial surface are used to converge electromagnetic waves, thereby improving the directivity and gain of the array antenna. The composite left-handed and right-handed transmission line structure metamaterial is used to suppress antenna edge radiation, reduce interference between antenna elements, suppress the generation of harmonics, and achieve miniaturization of the antenna design. This meets the requirements of high-density residential community coverage for miniaturized and high-gain antennas.

[0089] In specific implementations, to accommodate different building types and scenarios, the mounting assembly 4 is connected to the side of the second housing 2 that is away from the first housing 1. The mounting assembly 4 is used to position the second housing 2 in either the first or second orientation. Depending on the specific implementation scenario, the antenna can be mounted horizontally or vertically along its length. Specifically, the first and second directions are horizontal and vertical, respectively.

[0090] In this embodiment, simulations were conducted, selecting high, medium, and low frequencies within the 1710-2690 MHz frequency band, with a vertical 3dB bandwidth of 59°-69° and a horizontal 3dB bandwidth of 14.7°-23°. Simulation plots for the high, medium, and low frequencies in the horizontal and vertical planes are shown in Figures 6 to 11, respectively.

[0091] Referring to Figures 14 and 15 , the mounting assembly 4 proposed in this embodiment can be directly fixed to the exterior wall at the top of a building, or it can be fixed to the top surface of a building wall. During installation, the second housing 2 should face the exterior wall. Depending on the actual scenario, the antenna can be installed horizontally or vertically. In some implementations, it is not necessary to install it at the top of the building; it can also be installed on an intermediate floor, specifically connected to the outer wall of an intermediate floor or the upper surface of a protruding portion.

[0092] The power tolerance of this antenna is designed to be 200 watts, which can be combined to access more different network element systems, reduce the number of different network element antennas, and save network construction costs.

[0093] Example 3

[0094] This embodiment is a further improvement based on embodiment 1. The similarities are not repeated here, and only the differences are described below.

[0095] Please refer to Figures 5 to 17. In a specific implementation, in order to facilitate adjustment, the mounting assembly 4 includes a mounting mechanism 41 and an adjustment unit, wherein the mounting mechanism 41 is connected to the second shell 2 through the adjustment unit, and the adjustment unit is used to adjust the installation angle of the antenna around the first axis, the second axis and / or the third axis.

[0096] That is, the adjustment unit may be configured to adjust only the installation angle of the antenna around the first axis, the second axis, or the third axis. Alternatively, the adjustment unit may be configured to adjust both the first and second axis installation angles, both the first and third axis installation angles, both the second and third axis installation angles, or all of the first, second, and third axis installation angles. In specific implementations, corresponding mounting components 4 may be used according to different requirements. In particular, any two of the first, second, and third axes are non-parallel.

[0097] In one implementation, the adjustment unit includes a first adjustment bracket 42; the mounting mechanism 41 is connected to the second housing 2 via the first adjustment bracket 42; the first adjustment bracket 42 is capable of adjusting the mounting angle about the first axis. In a specific implementation, the second adjustment bracket 411 and the mounting mechanism 41 can also be locked. That is, after swinging the first adjustment bracket 42 to a desired position, it can be locked to maintain the fixed position. In this way, the mounting angle of the antenna about the first axis can be adjusted from -10 to 10 degrees.

[0098] In a specific implementation, the first axis can be either horizontal or vertical, and of course, the first axis can also be tilted. That is, the antenna can be adjusted around either a horizontal axis or a vertical axis. This allows the antenna to have multiple installation positions to suit different environmental requirements.

[0099] Furthermore, in order to adapt the antenna to more application scenarios, this embodiment can achieve two-dimensional adjustment. The mounting mechanism 41 includes a second adjustment frame 411 and a mounting plate 412 .

[0100] The first adjustment bracket 42 is connected to the second adjustment bracket 411, which is connected to the mounting plate 412. The second adjustment bracket 411 can adjust the installation angle about the second axis. Of course, the second adjustment bracket 411 and the first adjustment bracket 42 can be locked. After the angle adjustment is completed, the first adjustment bracket 42 and the second adjustment bracket 411 can be locked together at a certain position.

[0101] In a specific implementation, the second axis is a horizontal axis or a vertical axis. Correspondingly, when the first axis is a horizontal axis, the second axis is a vertical axis; when the first axis is a vertical axis, the second axis is a horizontal axis. In other words, as long as the first axis and the second axis are not parallel, as a preferred implementation, the first axis and the second axis are perpendicular to each other.

[0102] Furthermore, the second adjustment frame 411 is provided with a first connecting portion 413, and the first connecting portion 413 is provided with a first through hole 4131 and a second through hole 4132. In a specific implementation, there are two first connecting portions 413, and the two first connecting portions 413 are arranged in parallel.

[0103] The centerline of the first through-hole 4131 is parallel to the first axis. The second through-hole 4132 is an arc-shaped hole, and the centerline corresponding to the second through-hole 4132 coincides with the centerline of the first through-hole 4131. This allows adjustment between the first adjustment frame 42 and the second adjustment frame 411 around the centerline of the first through-hole 4131. In practice, the centerline corresponding to the second through-hole 4132 refers to the centerline of the circular ring corresponding to the arc-shaped hole, that is, the centerline of the cylindrical surface corresponding to the inner and outer walls of the arc-shaped hole.

[0104] The first adjustment frame 42 is provided with a third through hole 421 and a fourth through hole 422. The third through hole 421 and the fourth through hole 422 correspond to the first through hole 4131 and the second through hole 4132, respectively.

[0105] The first connecting portion 413 and the second adjustment bracket 411 are connected by a first bolt 43 extending through the first through-hole 4131 and the third through-hole 421, and a second bolt 44 extending through the second through-hole 4132 and the fourth through-hole 422. To adjust the first adjustment bracket 42, the first and second bolts 43 and 44 are loosened. The first adjustment bracket 42 is rotated about the first bolt 43, and the second bolt 44 slides into the second through-hole 4132 to the desired position. The first and second bolts 43 and 44 are then tightened. The first adjustment bracket 42 can be adjusted from -10 degrees to 10 degrees about the first axis.

[0106] In order to adjust the installation angle of the antenna around the second axis, a second connecting portion 414 is provided on the installation plate 412 . In a specific implementation, the second connecting portion 414 can be configured as two parallel connecting ears.

[0107] A fifth through hole 4141 and a sixth through hole 4142 are provided on the second connecting portion 414; the center line of the fifth through hole 4141 is parallel to the second axis; the sixth through hole 4142 is an arc-shaped hole, and the center line corresponding to the sixth through hole 4142 coincides with the center line of the fifth through hole 4141.

[0108] The second adjustment frame 411 is provided with a seventh through-hole 4111 and an eighth through-hole 4112. The second connecting portion 414 is connected to the second adjustment frame 411 via a third bolt 45 extending through the fifth through-hole 4141 and the seventh through-hole 4111, and a fourth bolt 46 extending through the sixth through-hole 4142 and the eighth through-hole 4112. When adjustment is required, the third and fourth bolts 45 and 46 are loosened to rotate the second adjustment frame 411 about the centerline of the fifth through-hole 4141. After the fourth bolt 46 is properly positioned within the fourth through-hole 422, the third and fourth bolts 45 and 46 are tightened to secure the second adjustment frame 411 to the mounting plate 412. The second adjustment frame 411 can be adjusted about the first axis from -10 degrees to 10 degrees.

[0109] In practice, the angle difference between horizontal and vertical installation is as high as 90 degrees, which is not suitable for some installation scenarios. In order to enable the antenna to have a small angle adjustment in the vertical plane, this embodiment also makes the following improvements:

[0110] The mounting assembly 4 also includes a connecting plate 47; the connecting plate 47 is connected to the second shell 2; the connecting plate 47 can adjust the installation angle around the third axis; in a specific implementation, a third connecting portion can be provided on the connecting plate 47, and the third connecting portion is recessed toward the side away from the second shell 2 to form a U-shaped structure to facilitate the arrangement of bolts connected to the first adjustment frame 42.

[0111] In a specific implementation, the first adjustment frame 42 is further provided with a ninth through hole 423 and a tenth through hole 424. To achieve the purpose of rotational adjustment, the ninth through hole 423 and the tenth through hole 424 are both arc-shaped holes, and the center line corresponding to the ninth through hole and the center line corresponding to the tenth through hole 424 coincide with each other. In a specific implementation, the ninth through hole 423 and the tenth through hole 424 are arranged opposite each other, and the two correspond to the same circular ring. The third axis is the center line of the circular ring. In other words, the ninth through hole 423 and the tenth through hole 424 have the same shape and size, are arranged symmetrically about the center, and have opposite bending directions. The connecting plate 47 is connected to the second housing 2 by a fifth bolt 48 passing through the ninth through hole 423 and a sixth bolt 49 passing through the tenth through hole 424. When adjustment is needed, loosen the fifth bolt 48 and the sixth bolt 49, rotate the second connecting plate 47 around the third axis, the fifth bolt 48 slides in the ninth through hole 423, and the sixth bolt 49 slides in the tenth through hole 424. When the angle is adjusted to the right position, the fifth bolt 48 and the sixth bolt 49 are rotated to the appropriate position, and tighten the fifth bolt 48 and the sixth bolt 49 to fix the first adjustment frame 42 and the connecting plate 47 in the appropriate position.

[0112] The first axis, the second axis and the third axis are perpendicular to each other, that is, the antenna can rotate around the first axis, the second axis and the third axis to adjust the antenna posture.

[0113] In a specific implementation, expansion screws 5 are further included, and the installation component 4 is connected to the top of the building through at least two expansion screws 5 .

[0114] Example 4

[0115] This embodiment is a specific implementation of embodiment 3. The similarities are not repeated here, and only the differences are described below.

[0116] 15 , when some devices can only be rotated and adjusted in one dimension, the mounting mechanism 41 can be configured to have the same structure as the mounting plate 412 in Example 2. The first adjustment frame 42 is directly connected to the second housing 2 by bolts.

[0117] A rotationally adjustable structure is provided between the first adjustment bracket 42 and the mounting mechanism 41. For example, a circular hole and an arcuate hole are provided on the first adjustment bracket 42, and corresponding holes are provided on the mounting assembly 4, which are connected via bolts. The principle of rotational adjustment is the same as that of rotation about the first axis in Example 2.

[0118] This antenna is primarily suitable for residential communities or other scenarios requiring dense coverage. In such scenarios, where buildings are relatively close together, traditional wide-area coverage antennas, lacking targeted design, are prone to wireless signal blind spots. Furthermore, residential communities have strict requirements for the size and concealment of external antennas. Traditional pole-mounted antennas are highly visible and obtrusive, and installation is relatively complex, making site establishment difficult.

[0119] Using this antenna in contiguous buildings and high-density residential areas, its high gain and wide beamwidth can significantly reduce the number of antennas, increase coverage range, and enhance coverage effectiveness, effectively resolving the issue of weak coverage in high-density residential areas. This antenna has broad commercial application value.

[0120] Actual measurement example

[0121] After actual testing, the main performance indicators of this antenna fully met the design expectations. The performance indicators in actual testing are shown in Table 1.

[0122] Table 1 Performance index table of the antenna proposed in this disclosure

[0123] It should be noted that the low-profile antenna element referred to in this disclosure is defined as the height from the antenna's radiating surface to the slotted plate. Conventional antenna elements have a cross-section height of 1 / 4λ. A low-profile antenna element is one with a thin element unit, resulting in a lower cross-section than conventional antenna elements. The low-profile antenna element used in this application has a height of only 0.15λ, significantly reducing antenna thickness and enabling ultra-thin and miniaturized antennas.

[0124] The metamaterials referred to in this disclosure are materials whose dielectric constant and magnetic permeability are both negative or approaching zero, and whose electromagnetic properties differ from those of conventional materials. Currently, natural materials, after being artificially designed and processed, have extraordinary physical properties that natural materials do not possess. These artificial composite materials or structures are called metamaterials. Conventional dielectric materials have positive values ​​greater than 1 for both dielectric constant and magnetic permeability. Metamaterial technology can achieve ultra-low dielectric constants or ultra-high magnetic permeability, resulting in unique antenna electrical properties, thereby achieving requirements such as miniaturization, high gain, and high signal selectivity.

[0125] It should be noted that the building referred to in this embodiment can be a residential building in a community or an office building in an office area, and is applicable to:

[0126] 1) Contiguous low-rise buildings

[0127] 2) Standalone high-rise building

[0128] 3) Airport runways and highways

[0129] 4) Close-up and wide scenes

[0130] 5) Close-up tower scene.

[0131] The above describes in detail the structure, features and effects of the present disclosure based on the embodiments shown in the drawings. The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, but the present disclosure is not limited to the scope of implementation shown in the drawings. Any changes made in accordance with the concept of the present disclosure, or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which do not exceed the spirit covered by the description and drawings, should be within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An antenna, comprising a PCB vibrator unit and a reflector; The PCB vibrator unit is arranged on one side of the reflector, and a metamaterial layer is arranged on one side of the reflector close to the PCB vibrator unit; The PCB vibrator unit includes a PCB board and a plurality of vibrator bodies arranged on the PCB board; The vibrator body is a low-profile vibrator.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of vibrator bodies are distributed in a circular array, and the two vibrator bodies in a pair are distributed in a centrally symmetrical manner; The PCB board is provided with a narrow slot, and any two adjacent vibrator bodies are isolated by the narrow slot.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein: There are two narrow slots, and the two narrow slots intersect vertically to divide the PCB board into a plurality of vibrator distribution areas; a vibrator body is arranged in each of the distribution areas.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein: A first hole and a second hole are provided in the slot; the first hole and the second hole are distributed along the length direction of the slot.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The metamaterial layer is made of a composite left-handed and right-handed transmission line structure metamaterial.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein: A plate groove is formed on one side of the reflection plate close to the PCB vibrator unit; The PCB vibrator unit is arranged in the board slot; The metamaterial layer is arranged on the inner wall of the plate groove.

7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: It includes a first shell, a second shell and a mounting assembly; The first shell is connected to the second shell to form an accommodating space; The PCB vibrator unit is installed in the accommodating space; The radiation direction of the PCB vibrator unit is toward the first shell; The mounting assembly is connected to a side of the second shell away from the first shell; the mounting assembly is used to arrange the second shell along the first direction or the second direction.

8. The antenna according to claim 7, wherein: The mounting assembly comprises a mounting mechanism and an adjusting unit, wherein the mounting mechanism is connected to the second housing through the adjusting unit; The adjustment unit is used to adjust the installation angle of the antenna around at least one of the first axis, the second axis or the third axis.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, wherein: The adjustment unit includes a first adjustment frame; the first adjustment frame can adjust the installation angle around the first axis.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, wherein: The adjustment unit also includes a second adjustment frame and a mounting plate; The first adjustment frame is connected to the second adjustment frame, and the second adjustment frame is connected to the mounting plate; the second adjustment frame can adjust the mounting angle around the second axis.

11. The antenna according to claim 10, wherein: The second adjustment frame is provided with a first connecting portion, and the first connecting portion is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; The center line of the first through hole is parallel to the first axis; The second through hole is an arc-shaped hole, and a center line corresponding to the second through hole coincides with a center line of the first through hole; The first adjustment frame is provided with a third through hole and a fourth through hole; The first connection portion is connected to the second adjustment frame by a first bolt passing through the first through hole and the third through hole and a second bolt passing through the second through hole and the fourth through hole.

12. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein: The mounting plate is provided with a second connecting portion; The second connecting portion is provided with a fifth through hole and a sixth through hole; The center line of the fifth through hole is parallel to the second axis; The sixth through hole is an arc-shaped hole, and the center line corresponding to the sixth through hole coincides with the center line of the fifth through hole; The second adjustment frame is provided with a seventh through hole and an eighth through hole; The second connection portion is connected to the second adjustment frame by a third bolt passing through the fifth through hole and the seventh through hole and a fourth bolt passing through the sixth through hole and the eighth through hole.

13. The antenna according to claim 11, wherein: The adjustment unit also includes a connecting plate; The connecting plate is connected to the second shell; the connecting plate can adjust the installation angle of the antenna around the third axis.

14. The antenna according to claim 13, wherein: The first adjustment frame is also provided with a ninth through hole and a tenth through hole; The ninth through hole and the tenth through hole are both arc-shaped holes, and the center line corresponding to the ninth through hole coincides with the center line corresponding to the tenth through hole; The connecting plate is connected to the second shell by a fifth bolt passing through the ninth through hole and a sixth bolt passing through the tenth through hole.

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