Power module unit, energy storage valve module, energy storage valve, and energy storage device

Abstract

The present application relates to a power module unit, an energy storage valve module, an energy storage valve, and energy storage device. The power module unit comprises: an upper bridge arm switching transistor and a lower bridge arm switching transistor connected in series, wherein the load capacity operation parameter of the upper bridge arm switching transistor is greater than the load capacity operation parameter of the lower bridge arm switching transistor. Therefore, the embodiments of the present application implement a power module unit with asymmetric configuration; thus, the present application meets the load capacity index requirements of the power module unit for the upper and lower bridge arm switching transistors, and can not only improve the utilization rate of the lower bridge arm switching transistor, but also reduce the device cost of the power module unit, helping to reduce the cost of the energy storage valve module.

Description

Power module unit, energy storage valve module, energy storage valve and energy storage equipment Cross-references

[0001] This application refers to Chinese patent application No. 2023117342344 filed on December 15, 2023, entitled “Power module unit, energy storage valve module, energy storage valve and energy storage device”, which is incorporated into this application in its entirety by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a power module unit, an energy storage valve module, an energy storage valve, and an energy storage device. Background Art

[0003] With the development of energy storage technology, direct-mounted energy storage valves have become a relatively important component in energy storage equipment. Specifically, direct-mounted energy storage valves can be used in conjunction with converter valves and other devices to exchange energy with the AC power grid.

[0004] In related art, a direct-mounted energy storage valve comprises multiple identical energy storage valve modules, each of which may include a power module unit and an energy storage unit. The power module unit includes multiple switching transistors. However, the power module unit in related art is relatively expensive, which in turn increases the cost of the energy storage valve module. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a power module unit, an energy storage valve module, an energy storage valve and an energy storage device, which can solve the problem of high cost of energy storage valve modules in related technologies.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a power module unit, comprising: an upper arm switch tube and a lower arm switch tube connected in series; wherein the load capacity operating parameter of the upper arm switch tube is greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower arm switch tube.

[0007] In the embodiments of the present application, it is proposed that the load capacity operating parameter of the upper-arm switching tube of the power module unit can be greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower-arm switching tube, thereby realizing an asymmetrically configured power module unit. Since the cost of a switching tube is generally positively correlated with the magnitude of its load capacity operating parameter, in the embodiments of the present application, while meeting the load capacity indicator requirements of the upper and lower-arm switching tubes of the power module unit, by using a lower-arm switching tube with a smaller load capacity operating parameter, not only can the utilization rate of the lower-arm switching tube be improved, but also the component cost of the power module unit can be reduced, thereby helping to save the cost of the energy storage valve module.

[0008] In some embodiments, the load capability operating parameter includes: nominal current, and / or operating junction temperature.

[0009] In some embodiments, the upper arm switch tube includes: an upper arm fully controlled tube and an upper arm unidirectional conduction tube connected in parallel; the lower arm switch tube includes: a lower arm fully controlled tube and a lower arm unidirectional conduction tube connected in parallel;

[0010] wherein the load capacity operating parameter of the upper arm fully controlled is greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower arm fully controlled; and / or,

[0011] The load capacity operating parameter of the one-way conducting pipe of the upper bridge arm is greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the one-way conducting pipe of the lower bridge arm.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, the load capacity operating parameter of the upper arm fully-controlled tube is greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower arm fully-controlled tube; and / or the load capacity operating parameter of the upper arm one-way conducting tube is greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower arm one-way conducting tube, thereby making the load capacity operating parameter of the upper arm switching tube greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower arm switching tube, so that the power device cost of the power module unit can be saved while meeting the load capacity index requirements of the power module unit for the upper and lower arm switching tubes.

[0013] In some embodiments, the lower arm full-control tube and the lower arm unidirectional conduction tube in the lower arm switch tube are integrated into an integrated switch tube; and / or,

[0014] The upper arm full-control tube and the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube in the upper arm switch tube are discrete switch tubes or integrated switch tubes.

[0015] In the embodiments of the present application, the upper-arm fully-controlled transistor and the upper-arm unidirectional conduction transistor in the upper-arm switching transistor are separate switching transistors, which facilitates heat dissipation of the upper-arm switching transistor. Furthermore, the upper-arm fully-controlled transistor and the upper-arm unidirectional conduction transistor in the upper-arm switching transistor are integrated into one switching transistor, and / or the lower-arm fully-controlled transistor and the lower-arm unidirectional conduction transistor in the lower-arm switching transistor are integrated into one switching transistor, which further facilitates saving component costs of the power module unit.

[0016] In some embodiments, the lower arm full-control tube and the lower arm one-way conduction tube are integrated into an integrated switch tube through upper and lower press-fitting, which can save the space occupied by the lower arm switch tube in the power module unit, thereby facilitating the miniaturization of the power module unit.

[0017] In some embodiments, the upper bridge arm full-control tube is a crimped type full-control tube, and the lower bridge arm full-control tube is a crimped type full-control tube; and / or, the upper bridge arm one-way conducting tube is a crimped type one-way conducting tube, and the lower bridge arm one-way conducting tube is a crimped type one-way conducting tube, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the power module unit, thereby improving the stability of the energy storage valve module to which the power module unit belongs.

[0018] In some embodiments, the cooling plate parameters of the upper cooling plate connected to the upper bridge arm switch tube are greater than the cooling plate parameters of the lower cooling plate connected to the lower bridge arm switch tube, so that the cooling plate cost can be saved when the cooling capacity of the upper cooling plate can meet the cooling requirements of the upper bridge arm switch tube, and the cooling capacity of the lower cooling plate can meet the cooling requirements of the lower cooling plate.

[0019] In some embodiments, the cooling plate parameters include at least one of the following: the number of cooling plates, the contact area between the cooling plates and the switching tubes, and the temperature reduction parameters of the cooling medium in the cooling plates.

[0020] In some embodiments, the first end of the upper bridge arm full-control tube and the first end of the upper bridge arm one-way guide tube are both connected to the first cooling plate, the second end of the upper bridge arm full-control tube is connected to the second cooling plate, and the second end of the upper bridge arm one-way guide tube is connected to the third cooling plate;

[0021] The first end of the lower bridge arm switch tube is connected to the third cooling plate, and the second end of the lower bridge arm switch tube is connected to the fourth cooling plate.

[0022] In some embodiments, the power module unit further includes: a first bypass unit and a second bypass unit connected in parallel with the lower bridge arm switch tube.

[0023] In the embodiment of the present application, by connecting a cooling plate to each end of the lower bridge arm switch tube, the number of cooling plates is reduced, which not only simplifies the design of the water cooling system and saves the cost of the water cooling system, but also helps to reduce the weight and size of the power module unit, thereby reducing the weight and size of the energy storage valve module.

[0024] In some embodiments, the upper-arm switch is an upper arm of a half-bridge circuit, and the lower-arm switch is a lower arm of the half-bridge circuit.

[0025] In a second aspect, the present application provides an energy storage valve module, comprising: an energy storage unit and a power module unit as described in any one of the first aspects above; wherein one end of the energy storage unit is connected to one end of the upper arm switch tube, and the other end of the energy storage unit is connected to one end of the lower arm switch tube;

[0026] The switching state of the upper bridge arm switch tube is used to control the input state of the operating condition of the energy storage valve module.

[0027] In a third aspect, the present application provides an energy storage valve, comprising a plurality of energy storage valve modules as described in any one of the second aspects above; wherein the plurality of energy storage valve modules are connected in series to a main line of the energy storage valve.

[0028] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an energy storage device, comprising the energy storage valve according to the third aspect above.

[0029] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. The same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0031] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power module unit provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0032] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a power module unit provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0033] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power module unit provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0034] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a power module unit provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0035] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power module unit provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0036] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a power module unit provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0037] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a power module unit provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0038] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage valve module provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0039] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage valve module provided in other embodiments of the present application;

[0040] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the current path of the energy storage valve module provided in an embodiment of the present application in the engaged state of the discharge condition;

[0041] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the current path of the energy storage valve module provided in an embodiment of the present application in a cut-off state of a discharge condition;

[0042] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the current path of the energy storage valve module provided in an embodiment of the present application in a charging state;

[0043] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the current path of the energy storage valve module provided in an embodiment of the present application in a cut-off state under a charging condition;

[0044] FIG14 is a schematic diagram showing the losses of different switching tubes of the energy storage valve module provided in an embodiment of the present application under a discharge condition;

[0045] FIG15 is a schematic diagram showing the losses of different switch tubes of the energy storage valve module provided by an embodiment of the present application under charging conditions;

[0046] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage valve module provided in other embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0048] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the term "include" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0049] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more (including two), unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0050] In related art, a direct-mounted energy storage valve comprises multiple identical energy storage valve modules. Each energy storage valve module may include a power module unit and an energy storage unit. The power module unit may include identical upper and lower arm switching transistors. However, the power module units in related art are relatively expensive, which in turn increases the cost of the energy storage valve module.

[0051] For ease of understanding, some parameters involved in the embodiments of this application are first introduced.

[0052] The load capacity operating parameter of the switch involved in the embodiments of the present application can be used to indicate the load operating capacity of the switch. A larger load capacity operating parameter of the switch indicates a greater load operating capacity of the switch. Furthermore, the cost of the switch is generally positively correlated with the magnitude of its load capacity operating parameter; a larger load capacity operating parameter of the switch indicates a higher cost.

[0053] The cooling plate parameters of the cooling plates involved in the embodiments of the present application can be used to indicate the cooling capacity of the cooling plates. A larger cooling plate parameter indicates a greater cooling capacity. Furthermore, the cost of a cooling plate is generally positively correlated with the size of its cooling plate parameter; a larger cooling plate parameter indicates a higher cost.

[0054] To address the problem of high power module unit costs in related technologies, which in turn leads to higher energy storage valve module costs, the present embodiment takes into account that the energy storage valve module is typically in an engaged state for a longer period than in a disengaged state. Furthermore, when the energy storage valve module is in the engaged state, regardless of whether it is in a charging or discharging condition, the upper arm switch tube of the power module unit in the energy storage valve module needs to be used. That is, the upper arm switch tube of the power module unit in the energy storage valve module is in a heavy-load state, while the lower arm switch tube is in a light-load state. Therefore, the present embodiment proposes that the upper and lower arm switches of the power module unit use switches with different load capacity operating parameters, wherein the load capacity operating parameter of the upper arm switch tube can be greater than that of the lower arm switch tube. Since the cost of a switch tube is typically positively correlated with the magnitude of its load capacity operating parameter, the present embodiment, while meeting the load capacity index requirements of the power module unit for the upper and lower arm switches, adopts a lower arm switch tube with a smaller load capacity operating parameter. This not only improves the utilization rate of the lower arm switch tube, but also saves the component cost of the power module unit, thereby helping to save the cost of the energy storage valve module.

[0055] In some embodiments, Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a power module unit provided in some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the power module unit 10 of the embodiment of the present application may include but is not limited to: an upper arm switch tube 101 and a lower arm switch tube 102 connected in series.

[0056] It should be understood that the upper-arm switch tube 101 and the lower-arm switch tube 102 in the power module unit 10 in the embodiment of the present application can be switched between different switching states to place the energy storage valve module including the power module unit 10 in an engaged state or a disengaged state. For example, the switching state of the upper-arm switch tube 101 can be used to control the engaged state of the operating condition of the energy storage valve module including the power module unit 10. The operating conditions of the energy storage valve module in the embodiment of the present application can include a charging condition and a discharging condition.

[0057] Considering that the time duration of the energy storage valve module in the on state is usually longer than the time duration in the off state, and when the energy storage valve module is in the on state, regardless of whether it is a charging condition or a discharging condition, the upper arm switch tube of the power module unit in the energy storage valve module is in a heavy-load state, and the lower arm switch tube is in a light-load state, that is, the conduction time duration of the upper arm switch tube is usually longer than the conduction time duration of the lower arm switch tube. Therefore, the load capacity operating parameter of the upper arm switch tube in the embodiment of the present application can be greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower arm switch tube, so as to meet the load capacity index requirements of the power module unit for the upper and lower arm switch tubes.

[0058] The load capacity operating parameter of the switch tube in the embodiment of the present application can be used to indicate the load operating capacity of the switch tube. The larger the load capacity operating parameter of the switch tube, the greater the load operating capacity of the switch tube.

[0059] For example, the load capacity operating parameters in the embodiments of the present application may include but are not limited to nominal current, and / or operating junction temperature.

[0060] For example, the nominal current of the upper-arm switch tube 101 is greater than the nominal current of the lower-arm switch tube 102 .

[0061] For another example, the operating junction temperature of the upper arm switch tube 101 is greater than the operating junction temperature of the lower arm switch tube 102 .

[0062] For another example, the nominal current of the upper arm switch tube 101 is greater than the nominal current of the lower arm switch tube 102 , and the operating junction temperature of the upper arm switch tube 101 is greater than the operating junction temperature of the lower arm switch tube 102 .

[0063] As can be seen, the embodiments of the present application propose that the load capacity operating parameter of the upper-arm switching tube of the power module unit can be greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower-arm switching tube, thereby realizing an asymmetrically configured power module unit. Since the cost of a switching tube is generally positively correlated with the magnitude of its load capacity operating parameter, the embodiments of the present application, while meeting the load capacity indicator requirements of the upper and lower-arm switching tubes of the power module unit, adopt a lower-arm switching tube with a smaller load capacity operating parameter. This not only improves the utilization rate of the lower-arm switching tube, but also reduces the component cost of the power module unit, thereby reducing the cost of the energy storage valve module.

[0064] For example, the power module unit in the embodiment of the present application may include but is not limited to a half-bridge circuit or a full-bridge circuit.

[0065] For example, if the power module unit is a half-bridge circuit, the power module unit in the embodiment of the present application may include a group of upper bridge arm switching tubes and lower bridge arm switching tubes connected in series, wherein the upper bridge arm switching tube can be the upper bridge arm of the half-bridge circuit, and the lower bridge arm switching tube can be the lower bridge arm of the half-bridge circuit.

[0066] For another example, if the power module unit is a full-bridge circuit, the power module unit in the embodiment of the present application may include two groups of upper-arm switching tubes and lower-arm switching tubes, wherein the two upper-arm switching tubes may be the two upper arms of the full-bridge circuit, and the two lower-arm switching tubes may be the two lower arms of the full-bridge circuit.

[0067] For example, any switch tube involved in the embodiments of the present application may include but is not limited to a crimped switch tube, a welded switch tube, or a modular switch tube.

[0068] In summary, the power module unit in the embodiment of the present application includes: an upper bridge arm switch tube and a lower bridge arm switch tube connected in series; wherein, the load capacity operating parameter of the upper bridge arm switch tube is greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower bridge arm switch tube. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application proposes that the load capacity operating parameter of the upper bridge arm switch tube of the power module unit can be greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower bridge arm switch tube, thereby realizing an asymmetric power module unit. Since the cost of the switch tube is usually positively correlated with the size of its load capacity operating parameter, in the embodiment of the present application, while meeting the load capacity index requirements of the power module unit for the upper and lower bridge arm switch tubes, by adopting a lower bridge arm switch tube with a smaller load capacity operating parameter, not only can the utilization rate of the lower bridge arm switch tube be improved, but also the device cost of the power module unit can be saved, thereby helping to save the cost of the energy storage valve module.

[0069] In some embodiments, FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power module unit provided in other embodiments of the present application. Based on the above embodiments, the present application provides exemplary implementations of the upper-arm switch 101 and the lower-arm switch 102. As shown in FIG2 , the upper-arm switch 101 in the present embodiment may include: an upper-arm fully-controlled transistor 101A and an upper-arm unidirectional conduction transistor 101B connected in parallel; the lower-arm switch 102 may include: a lower-arm fully-controlled transistor 102A and a lower-arm unidirectional conduction transistor 102B.

[0070] For example, any fully controlled transistor involved in the embodiments of the present application may include, but is not limited to, an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) or a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). Any unidirectional conducting transistor in the embodiments of the present application may include, but is not limited to, a diode.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the load capacity operating parameter of the upper bridge arm full-control tube 101A can be greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower bridge arm full-control tube 102A, and / or, the load capacity operating parameter of the upper bridge arm one-way conduction tube 101B can be greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower bridge arm one-way conduction tube 102B, thereby making the load capacity operating parameter of the upper bridge arm switching tube greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower bridge arm switching tube, so that the power device cost of the power module unit can be saved while meeting the load capacity index requirements of the power module unit for the upper and lower bridge arm switching tubes.

[0072] Taking into account that the upper arm switch tube is in a heavy-load state and the lower arm switch tube is in a light-load state, that is, the conduction time of the upper arm switch tube is usually greater than the conduction time of the lower arm switch tube, the upper arm full-control tube and the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube in the upper arm switch tube in the embodiment of the present application can be discrete switch tubes, which is beneficial to the heat dissipation of the upper arm switch tube.

[0073] In a possible implementation, the lower-arm full-control tube and the lower-arm unidirectional conduction tube in the lower-arm switch tube in the embodiment of the present application may be discrete switch tubes, which is beneficial to heat dissipation of the lower-arm switch tube.

[0074] In another possible implementation, the lower-arm fully controlled transistor and the lower-arm unidirectional conducting transistor in the lower-arm switching transistors of the embodiments of the present application can be integrated into an integrated switching transistor. Since the cost of discrete switching transistors is generally higher than that of integrated switching transistors, the use of an integrated switching transistor for the lower-arm switching transistors in the embodiments of the present application further reduces the component cost of the power module unit.

[0075] For example, in the embodiments of the present application, the lower-arm fully-controlled transistor and the lower-arm unidirectional conducting transistor in the lower-arm switching transistor can be integrated into an integrated switching transistor by means of a top-bottom press-fit method, thereby saving the space occupied by the lower-arm switching transistor in the power module unit, thereby facilitating miniaturization of the power module unit. Of course, the lower-arm fully-controlled transistor and the lower-arm unidirectional conducting transistor can also be integrated into an integrated switching transistor by means of other methods (e.g., a left-right press-fit method, etc.).

[0076] It should be noted that, in order to further save the device cost of the power module unit, the upper-arm full-control tube and the upper-arm unidirectional conduction tube in the upper-arm switch tube in the embodiment of the present application can also be an integrated switch tube.

[0077] Taking into account the characteristics of the crimped switching tube, such as its higher current tolerance and the fact that it will not cause a main circuit failure even if damaged, the upper arm full-control tube 101A and / or the lower arm full-control tube 102A in the embodiment of the present application can be a crimped full-control tube; and / or, the upper arm one-way conducting tube 101B and / or the lower arm one-way conducting tube 102B can be a crimped one-way conducting tube, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the power module unit, thereby improving the stability of the energy storage valve module to which the power module unit belongs.

[0078] It should be understood that when the power module unit 10 is a half-bridge circuit, the power module unit 10 in the embodiment of the present application may include a group of upper bridge arm switching tubes 101 and lower bridge arm switching tubes 102 connected in series.

[0079] In the case where the power module unit 10 is a full-bridge circuit, the power module unit 10 in the embodiment of the present application may include two groups of upper-arm switching tubes and lower-arm switching tubes (not shown in FIG. 2 ). Each group of upper-arm switching tubes and lower-arm switching tubes are connected in series, but the two groups are connected in parallel.

[0080] In one embodiment, based on the above embodiment, considering the high heat generation of the power module unit, a water cooling system is usually required to reduce the temperature of the power module unit. In the embodiment of this application, the relevant content of the water cooling system of the power module unit is exemplarily introduced and explained.

[0081] Taking into account that the upper bridge arm switch tube is in a heavy-load state and the lower bridge arm switch tube is in a light-load state, that is, the conduction time of the upper bridge arm switch tube is usually longer than the conduction time of the lower bridge arm switch tube, that is, the heat generation of the upper bridge arm switch tube is usually higher than the heat generation of the lower bridge arm switch tube, in the embodiment of the present application, the cooling plate parameters of the upper cooling plate connected to the upper bridge arm switch tube are greater than the cooling plate parameters of the lower cooling plate connected to the lower bridge arm switch tube, so that when the cooling capacity of the upper cooling plate can meet the cooling requirements of the upper bridge arm switch tube, and the cooling capacity of the lower cooling plate can meet the cooling requirements of the lower cooling plate, the cooling plate cost can be saved.

[0082] For example, any cooling plate involved in the embodiments of the present application may include a metal plate with a through-hole provided therein, for example, an aluminum plate or a steel plate with a through-hole provided therein. For another example, any cooling plate involved in the embodiments of the present application may include a non-metallic plate with a through-hole provided therein, and electrodes may be provided on both sides of the non-metallic plate to facilitate connection with other devices in the power module unit. Of course, the cooling plate in the embodiments of the present application may also include other forms of cooling plates.

[0083] For example, the cooling plate parameters in the embodiments of the present application may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: the number of cooling plates, the contact area between the cooling plates and the switching tube, and the cooling parameters of the cooling medium in the cooling plates. The cooling parameters of the cooling medium may include, but are not limited to, at least one of the following: flow rate, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity.

[0084] For ease of understanding, the following embodiments of the present application take the cooling plate parameters including the number of cooling plates as an example to exemplify the arrangement of the cooling plates in the power module unit.

[0085] In one possible implementation, in the case where the upper arm fully controlled tube and the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube in the upper arm switch tube are discrete switch tubes, and the lower arm fully controlled tube and the lower arm unidirectional conduction tube in the lower arm switch tube are discrete switch tubes, FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power module unit provided in other embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG3, the first end of the upper arm fully controlled tube 101A and the first end of the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B in the embodiment of the present application can both be connected to the first cooling The upper arm full-control tube 101A and the lower arm full-control tube 102A can be connected to the second cooling plate 104', the second end of the upper arm one-way guide tube 101B and the first end of the lower arm one-way guide tube 102B can be connected to the third cooling plate 105', the second end of the lower arm full-control tube 102A can be connected to the fourth cooling plate 106', and the second end of the lower arm one-way guide tube 102B can be connected to the fifth cooling plate 107'.

[0086] It should be understood that the first cooling plate 103', the second cooling plate 104', and the third cooling plate 105' in the embodiment of the present application can be considered as upper cooling plates, and the fourth cooling plate 106' and the fifth cooling plate 107' in the embodiment of the present application can be considered as lower cooling plates. It can be seen that the number of cooling plates in the upper cooling plate in the embodiment of the present application is greater than the number of cooling plates in the lower cooling plate.

[0087] It should be noted that the connection method between the upper and lower bridge arm switching tubes and the cooling plate in the power module unit in the embodiment of the present application can also adopt other methods. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the second end of the upper bridge arm full-control tube 101A and the first end of the lower bridge arm one-way conduction tube 102B can both be connected to the second cooling plate 104, and the second end of the upper bridge arm one-way conduction tube 101B and the first end of the lower bridge arm full-control tube 102A can both be connected to the third cooling plate 105 (not shown in Figure 3).

[0088] For ease of understanding, in the embodiments of the present application, the power module unit is taken as an example of a half-bridge circuit to exemplify the configuration of the cooling plate.

[0089] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power module unit provided in some other embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG4 , in the embodiments of the present application, the upper-arm switching tube may include: an upper-arm fully-controlled tube 101A and an upper-arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B; the lower-arm switching tube may include: a lower-arm fully-controlled tube 102A and a lower-arm unidirectional conduction tube 102B. The upper-arm fully-controlled tube 101A and the upper-arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B are discrete switching tubes, while the lower-arm fully-controlled tube 102A and the lower-arm unidirectional conduction tube 102B are discrete switching tubes. It should be noted that FIG4 illustrates an example in which the fully-controlled tube is an IGBT and the unidirectional conduction tube is a diode.

[0090] For example, the first end of the upper bridge arm full-control tube 101A and the first end (i.e., the negative pole) of the upper bridge arm one-way conduction tube 101B in the embodiment of the present application can both be connected to the first cooling plate 103', the second end of the upper bridge arm full-control tube 101A and the first end of the lower bridge arm one-way conduction tube 102B can both be connected to the second cooling plate 104', the second end (i.e., the positive pole) of the upper bridge arm one-way conduction tube 101B and the first end (i.e., the negative pole) of the lower bridge arm full-control tube 102A can both be connected to the third cooling plate 105', the second end of the lower bridge arm full-control tube 102A can be connected to the fourth cooling plate 106', and the second end (i.e., the positive pole) of the lower bridge arm one-way conduction tube 102B can be connected to the fifth cooling plate 107'.

[0091] It can be seen that in this implementation, when the upper arm full-control tube and the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube in the upper arm switch tube are discrete switch tubes, and the lower arm full-control tube and the lower arm unidirectional conduction tube in the lower arm switch tube are discrete switch tubes, by setting multiple cooling plates, it can be more conducive to the heat dissipation of the upper arm switch tube, which is beneficial to improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the power module unit.

[0092] In another possible implementation, when the upper arm fully-controlled tube and the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube in the upper arm switch tube are discrete switch tubes, and the lower arm fully-controlled tube and the lower arm unidirectional conduction tube in the lower arm switch tube are integrated into an integrated switch tube, Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the power module unit provided in other embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 5, the first end of the upper arm fully-controlled tube 101A and the first end of the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B in the embodiment of the present application are both connected to the first cooling plate 103, the second end of the upper arm fully-controlled tube 101A is connected to the second cooling plate 104, and the second end of the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B is connected to the third cooling plate 105; the first end of the lower arm switch tube 102 is connected to the third cooling plate 105, and the second end of the lower arm switch tube 102 is connected to the fourth cooling plate 106.

[0093] It should be understood that the first cooling plate 103, the second cooling plate 104, and the third cooling plate 105 in the embodiment of the present application can be an upper cooling plate, and the fourth cooling plate 106 in the embodiment of the present application can be a lower cooling plate. It can be seen that the number of cooling plates in the upper cooling plate in the embodiment of the present application is greater than the number of cooling plates in the lower cooling plate.

[0094] For ease of understanding, in the embodiments of the present application, the power module unit is taken as an example of a half-bridge circuit to exemplify the configuration of the cooling plate.

[0095] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power module unit provided in some other embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG6 , in the embodiments of the present application, the upper-arm switching tube may include: an upper-arm fully-controlled tube 101A and an upper-arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B; the lower-arm switching tube may include: a lower-arm fully-controlled tube 102A and a lower-arm unidirectional conduction tube 102B; wherein the upper-arm fully-controlled tube 101A and the upper-arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B are discrete switching tubes, and the lower-arm fully-controlled tube 102A and the lower-arm unidirectional conduction tube 102B are integrated into an integrated switching tube. It should be noted that FIG6 illustrates an example in which the fully-controlled tube is an IGBT and the unidirectional conduction tube is a diode.

[0096] For example, the first end of the upper arm full-control tube 101A and the first end of the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B (i.e., the negative pole) in the embodiment of the present application are both connected to the first cooling plate 103, the second end of the upper arm full-control tube 101A is connected to the second cooling plate 104, and the second end of the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B (i.e., the positive pole) is connected to the third cooling plate 105; the first end of the lower arm switch tube 102 (i.e., the lower arm full-control tube 102A and the lower arm unidirectional conduction tube 102B) is connected to the third cooling plate 105, and the second end of the lower arm switch tube 102 is connected to the fourth cooling plate 106.

[0097] It should be noted that the connection method between the upper and lower bridge arm switching tubes and the cooling plate in the embodiment of the present application can also be adopted in other ways. For example, the first end of the lower bridge arm switching tube 102 in the embodiment of the present application can be connected to the second cooling plate 104 (not shown in Figures 5 and 6).

[0098] It can be seen that in this implementation, when the upper-arm full-control tube and the upper-arm one-way conduction tube in the upper-arm switch tube are discrete switch tubes, and the lower-arm full-control tube and the lower-arm one-way conduction tube in the lower-arm switch tube are integrated into an integrated switch tube, a cooling plate is connected to each end of the lower-arm switch tube. As a result, the number of cooling plates is reduced, which not only simplifies the design of the water cooling system and saves the cost of the water cooling system, but also helps to reduce the weight and size of the power module unit, thereby reducing the weight and size of the energy storage valve module.

[0099] In some embodiments, FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power module unit provided in other embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG7 , the power module unit of the embodiment of the present application may further include a first bypass unit 107 connected in parallel with the lower bridge arm switch tube 102. The first bypass unit 107 can be used to control the energy storage valve module to which the power module unit belongs to be in a bypass state or a non-bypass state. For example, the first bypass unit 107 may include, but is not limited to, a bypass switch.

[0100] For example, when the first bypass unit 107 is in the on state, the energy storage valve module can be controlled to be in the bypass state; when the first bypass unit 107 is in the off state, the energy storage valve module can be controlled to be in the non-bypass state.

[0101] It should be noted that, under normal circumstances, the first bypass unit 107 is in a disconnected state. In the event of a failure in the energy storage valve module, the energy storage valve module can be controlled to be in a bypass state by switching the first bypass unit 107 to a conductive state, so as to facilitate maintenance of the energy storage valve module.

[0102] Based on the above embodiments, considering the large loss of the lower-arm switch tube 102 when the energy storage valve module is in the bypass state, and / or the poor flow energy after a short-circuit failure when the lower-arm full-control tube and the lower-arm unidirectional conduction tube in the lower-arm switch tube 102 are designed as an integrated whole, as shown in FIG7 , the power module unit of the embodiment of the present application may further include: a second bypass unit 108 connected in parallel with the lower-arm switch tube 102. By way of example, the second bypass unit 108 in the embodiment of the present application may include, but is not limited to, a bypass thyristor.

[0103] Among them, the second bypass unit 108 is arranged in parallel with the first bypass unit 107 as a second bypass and short-circuit failure loop, so that when the energy storage valve module is in the bypass state, current can flow through the first bypass unit 107 and the second bypass unit 108, which is beneficial to protecting the power module unit.

[0104] In some embodiments, based on the above embodiments, the present application provides an exemplary introduction to the relevant content of an energy storage valve module including a power module unit. Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the energy storage valve module provided in some embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 8, the energy storage valve module in the embodiment of the present application may include: an energy storage unit 11 and a power module unit 10. The structure of the power module unit 10 can refer to the relevant content of the above embodiments of the present application.

[0105] In the embodiment of the present application, one end of the energy storage unit 11 may be connected to one end of the upper-arm switch tube 101 , and the other end of the energy storage unit 11 may be connected to one end of the lower-arm switch tube 102 .

[0106] For example, the switching state of the upper arm switch tube 101 in the embodiment of the present application can be used to control the input state of the operating condition of the energy storage valve module; wherein, the load capacity operating parameter of the upper arm switch tube 101 is greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower arm switch tube 102.

[0107] As can be seen, the embodiments of the present application propose that the load capacity operating parameter of the upper-arm switching tube of the power module unit can be greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower-arm switching tube, thereby realizing an asymmetrically configured power module unit. Since the cost of a switching tube is generally positively correlated with the magnitude of its load capacity operating parameter, the embodiments of the present application, while meeting the load capacity indicator requirements of the upper and lower-arm switching tubes of the power module unit, adopt a lower-arm switching tube with a smaller load capacity operating parameter. This not only improves the utilization rate of the lower-arm switching tube, but also reduces the component cost of the power module unit, thereby reducing the cost of the energy storage valve module.

[0108] In some embodiments, based on the above embodiments, for ease of understanding, the following embodiments of the present application take the power module unit as a half-bridge circuit, the full-control tube as an IGBT, and the unidirectional conduction tube as a diode as an example to introduce the use of the switching tube of the energy storage valve module including the power module unit under different working conditions.

[0109] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage valve module provided in other embodiments of the present application. As shown in FIG9 , the energy storage valve module of the embodiment of the present application may include: a power module unit 10 and an energy storage unit 11. The power module unit 10 may include an upper-arm switching transistor 101, a lower-arm switching transistor 102, a first bypass unit 107, and a support capacitor unit 109. The upper-arm switching transistor 101 may include: an upper-arm fully-controlled transistor 101A and an upper-arm unidirectional conducting transistor 101B; the lower-arm switching transistor 102 may include: a lower-arm fully-controlled transistor 102A and a lower-arm unidirectional conducting transistor 102B.

[0110] The support capacitor unit 109 in the embodiment of the present application can be used to filter out high-frequency harmonics of the power module unit 10 and / or limit voltage spikes, thereby helping to reduce switching losses.

[0111] Illustratively, the support capacitor unit 106 in the embodiment of the present application may include a support capacitor; of course, it may also include other devices.

[0112] The operating conditions of the energy storage valve module in the embodiment of the present application may include a charging condition and a discharging condition, wherein each operating condition may include an on-state or a off-state. The following embodiments of the present application will introduce different states of the energy storage valve module under different operating conditions.

[0113] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the current path of the energy storage valve module provided in an embodiment of the present application in the engaged state of the discharging condition, Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the current path of the energy storage valve module provided in an embodiment of the present application in the cut-off state of the discharging condition, Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the current path of the energy storage valve module provided in an embodiment of the present application in the engaged state of the charging condition, and Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the current path of the energy storage valve module provided in an embodiment of the present application in the cut-off state of the charging condition. As shown in Figures 10-13, in the normal switched state during the operation of the energy storage valve module, the upper arm full-control tube 101A and the lower arm unidirectional conduction tube 102B are mainly used in the discharging condition, and the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B and the lower arm full-control tube 102A are mainly used in the charging condition. However, when the energy storage valve module is in the activated state, regardless of the charging or discharging operation, the upper arm full-control tube 101A and the upper arm one-way conducting tube 101B are mainly required. Therefore, under normal circumstances, the upper arm full-control tube 101A and the upper arm one-way conducting tube 101B of the energy storage valve module are in a heavy-load state, and the lower arm full-control tube 102A and the lower arm one-way conducting tube 102B are in a light-load state.

[0114] FIG14 is a schematic diagram showing the losses of different switching tubes of the energy storage valve module provided in an embodiment of the present application under a discharge condition. Under a set capacity of the energy storage valve module, the backup power duration of the energy storage valve is related to the redundancy of the energy storage valve, that is, the ratio of the number of redundant modules of the energy storage valve module to the target number. When the backup power duration is less than the preset duration, the redundancy of the energy storage valve module is small. The magnitude of the redundancy is inversely correlated with the probability of a single energy storage valve module being put into operation. When the redundancy is small, the probability of the energy storage valve module being put into operation is high, and the duration of the energy storage valve module being in the engaged state is relatively long. The redundancy is not greater than 100%, for example, the redundancy is less than 60%, preferably less than 40%. As shown in FIG14 , since the duration of the energy storage valve module being in the engaged state under the discharge condition is generally greater than the duration of the disconnected state, the loss of the upper-arm full-control tube 101A of the energy storage valve module under the discharge condition is greater than the loss of the lower-arm unidirectional conduction tube 102B.

[0115] FIG15 is a schematic diagram showing the losses of different switching tubes of the energy storage valve module provided in an embodiment of the present application under charging conditions. As shown in FIG15 , since the duration of the energy storage valve module in the engaged state under charging conditions is generally greater than the duration of the disconnected state, the loss of the upper bridge arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B of the energy storage valve module under charging conditions is greater than the loss of the lower bridge arm full-control tube 102A.

[0116] It can be seen that since the losses of the lower-arm unidirectional conduction tube 102B and the lower-arm full-control tube 102A are small, the junction temperature rise caused by the losses is small. Therefore, using a lower-arm switch tube with a low nominal current can meet the operating junction temperature requirement of the lower-arm switch tube.

[0117] Taking into account the differences in current and loss between the upper and lower bridge arm switches of the energy storage valve module under different operating conditions, embodiments of the present application propose an energy storage valve module comprising an asymmetric power module unit. For example, in embodiments of the present application, the upper bridge arm switch 101 and the lower bridge arm switch 102 are of different models, and the load capacity operating parameter of the upper bridge arm switch 101 is greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower arm switch 102. For example, in embodiments of the present application, the nominal current of the upper bridge arm switch 101 is greater than the nominal current of the lower bridge arm switch 102, and / or the operating junction temperature of the upper bridge arm switch 101 is greater than the operating junction temperature of the lower arm switch 102.

[0118] Furthermore, in order to take into account both heat dissipation and cost savings, the upper arm fully-controlled tube 101A and the upper arm unidirectional conduction tube 101B in the embodiment of the present application can be discrete switching tubes, and the lower arm fully-controlled tube 102A and the lower arm unidirectional conduction tube 102B in the embodiment of the present application can be integrated into an integrated switching tube.

[0119] For example, the upper-arm full-control transistor 101A and the upper-arm unidirectional conduction transistor 101B may be discrete 4.5kV / 3kA crimped full-control transistor and crimped unidirectional conduction transistor, respectively, and the lower-arm full-control transistor 102A and the lower-arm unidirectional conduction transistor 102B may be integrated 4.5kV / 2kA crimped full-control transistor and unidirectional conduction transistor.

[0120] For another example, the upper-arm full-control transistor 101A and the upper-arm unidirectional conduction transistor 101B may be discrete 3kV / 2kA crimped full-control transistor and crimped unidirectional conduction transistor, respectively, and the lower-arm full-control transistor 102A and the lower-arm unidirectional conduction transistor 102B may be integrated 3kV / 1kA crimped full-control transistor and unidirectional conduction transistor.

[0121] In some embodiments, Figure 16 is a structural schematic diagram of the energy storage valve module provided in other embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 16, on the basis of the above embodiments, the energy storage valve module of the embodiment of the present application may include: a second bypass unit 108 arranged in parallel with the first bypass unit 107 to serve as a second bypass and short-circuit failure loop, so that when the energy storage valve module is in the bypass state, the current can flow through the first bypass unit 107 and the second bypass unit 108, thereby facilitating the protection of the power module unit.

[0122] In summary, the energy storage valve module of the embodiment of the present application, by including an asymmetric power module unit, can not only improve the utilization rate of the lower bridge arm switch tube while meeting the load capacity index requirements of the energy storage valve module for the upper and lower bridge arm switch tubes, but also save about 10% of the power device cost, about 10% of the cooling plate and cooling medium pipeline cost, about 3% of the power module unit cost, and about 3% of the size and weight of the energy storage valve (or valve string) composed of multiple energy storage valve modules.

[0123] In some embodiments, an energy storage valve is further provided, comprising multiple energy storage valve modules provided in the above embodiments of this application, wherein the multiple energy storage valve modules can be connected in series to a main circuit of the energy storage valve. The implementation principles and technical effects of the energy storage valve modules in the embodiments of this application can be referred to the relevant contents of the above embodiments of this application and will not be repeated here.

[0124] In some embodiments, an energy storage device is also provided, including the energy storage valve provided in the above embodiments of the present application, wherein the energy storage valve may include multiple energy storage valve modules provided in the above embodiments of the present application, and their implementation principles and technical effects are similar, which will not be repeated here.

[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A power module unit, wherein: include: An upper bridge arm switch tube and a lower bridge arm switch tube connected in series; wherein the load capacity operating parameter of the upper bridge arm switch tube is greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower bridge arm switch tube.

2. The power module unit according to claim 1, wherein: The load capacity operating parameters include: nominal current, and / or operating junction temperature.

3. The power module unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The upper bridge arm switch tube includes: an upper bridge arm full-control tube and an upper bridge arm unidirectional conduction tube connected in parallel; the lower bridge arm switch tube includes: a lower bridge arm full-control tube and a lower bridge arm unidirectional conduction tube connected in parallel; wherein the load capacity operating parameter of the upper bridge arm full control is greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower bridge arm full control; and / or, The load capacity operating parameter of the upper bridge arm one-way conducting tube is greater than the load capacity operating parameter of the lower bridge arm one-way conducting tube.

4. The power module unit according to claim 3, wherein: The lower bridge arm full control tube and the lower bridge arm unidirectional conduction tube in the lower bridge arm switch tube are integrated into an integrated switch tube; The upper bridge arm full-control tube and the upper bridge arm unidirectional conduction tube in the upper bridge arm switch tube are discrete switch tubes or integrated switch tubes.

5. The power module unit according to claim 4, wherein: The lower bridge arm full-control tube and the lower bridge arm one-way conducting tube are integrated into an integrated switch tube by upper and lower pressing.

6. The power module unit according to claim 4, wherein: The upper bridge arm full-control tube is a crimping type full-control tube, and the lower bridge arm full-control tube is a crimping type full-control tube; and / or, The upper bridge arm one-way conducting tube is a crimping type one-way conducting tube, and the lower bridge arm one-way conducting tube is a crimping type one-way conducting tube.

7. The power module unit according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein: The cooling plate parameter of the upper cooling plate connected to the upper bridge arm switch tube is greater than the cooling plate parameter of the lower cooling plate connected to the lower bridge arm switch tube.

8. The power module unit according to claim 7, wherein: The cooling plate parameters include at least one of the following: the number of cooling plates, the contact area between the cooling plate and the switch tube, and the temperature reduction parameter of the cooling medium in the cooling plate.

9. The power module unit according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The first end of the upper bridge arm full control tube and the first end of the upper bridge arm one-way conducting tube are both connected to the first cooling plate, the second end of the upper bridge arm full control tube is connected to the second cooling plate, and the second end of the upper bridge arm one-way conducting tube is connected to the third cooling plate; The first end of the lower bridge arm switch tube is connected to the third cooling plate, and the second end of the lower bridge arm switch tube is connected to the fourth cooling plate.

10. The power module unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: The power module unit further includes: a first bypass unit and a second bypass unit connected in parallel with the lower bridge arm switch tube.

11. The power module unit according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: The upper bridge arm switch tube is the upper bridge arm of the half-bridge circuit, and the lower bridge arm switch tube is the lower bridge arm of the half-bridge circuit.

12. A storage valve module, wherein: include: An energy storage unit and a power module unit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9; wherein one end of the energy storage unit is connected to one end of the upper bridge arm switch tube, and the other end of the energy storage unit is connected to one end of the lower bridge arm switch tube; The switching state of the upper bridge arm switch tube is used to control the input state of the operating condition of the energy storage valve module.

13. A storage valve, wherein: It comprises a plurality of energy storage valve modules as claimed in claim 12; wherein the plurality of energy storage valve modules are connected in series to a main line of the energy storage valve.

14. An energy storage device, wherein: Comprising the energy storage valve as described in claim 13.

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