Acoustic inserts for improving acoustic insulation in floors and slabs fitted with service openings

Abstract

Acoustic inserts for improving acoustic insulation in floors or slabs with process openings. The inserts (1, 1', 1", 2, 2', 2", 2'") are in the form of permanently interconnected by side surfaces in a bundle either open on both sides (3, 3') or sealed on one or both sides by an insulating material (3") e.g. silicone, plastic, etc. with the cross-section outline of a circular or any polygonal shape, whereby the cross-section diameter of each circular tube (3) or the maximum cross-section dimension of the polygonal shaped tube (3') is in the range of 2-30 mm and the tubes (3, 3', 3") are made of elastic and resilient material, whereby the cross-section outline of the insert (1, 1', 1", 2, 2', 2", 2"') is similar to the cross-section outline of each opening in the floor hollow brick (4, 4', 4") or floor slab with service openings (5, 5', 5") so that each dimension of the cross-section outline of the insert (1, 1', 1", 2, 2', 2", 2"') is 97- 120% of the corresponding dimension of the opening and / or is deformable by hand muscles to the shape and dimension of the opening to be filled, and the length of the bundle does not exceed the length of the opening to be filled in a hollow brick (4, 4', 4") or a floor slab with service openings (5, 5', 5"), end caps (6, 6', 7) are used for hollow bricks and edge floor slabs and prevent the concrete mix from entering the structural openings.

Description

[0001] Acoustic inserts for improving acoustic insulation in floors and slabs fitted with service openings.

[0002] The invention concerns acoustic inserts for improving acoustic insulation in floors or slabs fitted with service openings. The invention is particularly applicable to floors and slabs which are fitted with service openings and reinforcement rod openings. The use of service openings results in a reduction in the weight of floors and slabs, but also in their acoustic insulation. The purpose of the invention is to improve the acoustic parameter of the floor and slabs.

[0003] In the current state of the art, popular and widely used floor solutions in the construction industry are: beam and block floors, beamed floors, concrete roof decks, floor slabs, slab and beam floors, composite floors, prestressed slab floors and precast floors. The most popular option for single-family homes, however, is the Teriva or Acerman type of beam and block floor. The best acoustic properties are demonstrated by heavy monolithic floors. Teriva-type beam and block floors or Acerman ceramic floors, beamed floors, hollow core slabs, precast slabs and other types of floors and slabs have openings or voids. The above-mentioned floors have service openings, which are intended to reduce the weight of the floor and the load on the masonry while maintaining the strength specified by the structure, but result in a reduction in the acoustic insulation of the floor. The acoustic insulation of the floor is a very important parameter that affects the comfort of living or use. This shortcoming is very important from the point of view of user comfort. This includes impact sounds, such as the sound of footsteps or a sliding chair, as well as airborne sounds - conversation or music. This feature is important with regard to floors dividing residential floors.

[0004] A beam and block floor is known from the P.325023 patent. The invention is characterised by the fact that the main chamber in the element is sketched by second degree curves and a straight line connecting the curves at the base of the element, while prism-shaped cavities are made in the side walls of the element. The side chambers are cylindrical, and the left and right bars of the truss, shaped in a repeating "V", are connected to the binding bar at alternate points. The floor is used in the construction industry, in particular in the construction of residential buildings. The application describes a beam and block floor with a hollow core chamber. A reinforced concrete floor with plastic inserts is known from the description in the P.430259 patent. A reinforced concrete rectangular floor and / or floor slab especially with torus-type plastic inserts for floors of buildings and structures. A reinforced concrete floor and / or floor slab especially with plastic inserts has a bottom slab of reinforced concrete, precast or monolithic with a thickness b that is a minimum of 3 cm, supported on bearing walls or composite floor elements such as: downstand beams, upstand beams, hidden beams and which, on the slab connecting to it, contains reinforcement for the beams in the longitudinal and transverse directions or only transverse if reinforcement in the longitudinal direction with axial spacing of ax bars is placed in precast slabs, and ay characterised by the fact that in the intermediate space between the bottom slab and the top slab and the beams with axial spacing of the beams in the range of 40 cm to 120 cm, there are dimensioned plastic inserts in the shape of a torus, which are fixed and fastened before the concrete cover mix is laid, and then filled with concrete mix. Then the top slab is made. These inserts are hollow torus tubes arranged in a suitable manner and then filled with concrete mixture. In the solution from the P.403145 patent description, there is a prestressed hollow core slab containing channels (with hollow space) located at equal distances from each other, characterised by the fact that it has eleven channels and the ratio of the height of the slab to its width is 0.192. The hollow core slab is used especially in office buildings and industrial construction.

[0005] In all the above-mentioned solutions, the structural openings are hollow.

[0006] The service openings used to reduce the weight of the floor are left empty, which causes a drawback by reducing acoustic insulation. The purpose of the invention is to develop a construction of acoustic inserts to increase the acoustic insulation of currently used types of precast onsite floors with structural openings. The use of inserts in structural openings will remove the acoustic disadvantages of the previously indicated solutions, which apply to various floor structures with service openings.

[0007] Acoustic inserts for increasing the acoustic insulation in floors or slabs fitted with service openings, according to the essence of the invention, are in the form of permanently interconnected by side surfaces bundles of tubes with a cross-sectional area in the shape of a circle or any polygon, the cross-section diameter of each circular tube or the maximum cross-section dimension of the polygonal tube being in the range of 2 - 30 mm, made of a flexible and elastic material, preferably of thermoplastic material, most preferably polyethylene, with the cross-section outline of the bundle approximating to the cross-sectional dimension of the profile opening to be filled, so that each dimension of the cross-sectional outline of the bundle represents 97 - 120 % of the corresponding dimension of the opening, or is deformable by hand muscles to the shape and dimension of the opening to be filled, and the length of the bundle fills the entire length of the opening to be filled, e.g. of the Teriva type, Acerman type or a slab fitted with service openings. The entire bundle is filled with tubes or has one hollow space in the centre of the insert or has a minimum of two hollow spaces. All hollow spaces are surrounded by a minimum of one layer of tubes located around the outer perimeter of the insert.

[0008] The object of the invention is depicted in more detail in the examples of execution in the drawing, in which fig. 1 shows, in axonometric view, inserts made of circular tubes intended for use in acoustic insulation in floors or slabs fitted with service openings fig. 2 - axonometric view in hollow bricks of the Teriva, Acerman, etc. type, and in slabs fitted with service openings with inserts of acoustic insulation installed fig. 3 - axonometric view of a fragment of floor of the Teriva type, Acerman type, etc. and in slabs fitted with service openings with acoustic insulation inserts installed, fig 3 - axonometric view of a fragment of beam-and-block floor with acoustic insulation inserts installed and Teriva type floor hollow bricks, Acerman type etc. fitted with service openings with acoustic insulation inserts installed together with end caps, and fig. 4 - axonometric view of slabs fitted with service openings with acoustic insulation inserts fitted without end caps or with end caps. Example 1. Acoustic inserts 1, 1’, 1” for filling various service openings of different shapes or diameters in floor hollow bricks consist of: two - from circular tubes 3 with a diameter of 3 mm both sides of the tubes are open, with the outlines of inserts 1, 1* - of different shapes constituting 110 % of the size of the filled service openings of floor hollow bricks 4, 4’, having the form of a bundle composed of circular tubes, while insert 1” consists of hexagonal tubes 3’ with a diagonal of 5 mm and both sides of the tubes are open. The dimensions of the bundle outline of the insert 1” are 98 % of the corresponding dimensions of the floor hollow brick opening 4”. Whereby the insert 1’, is in the form of tubes 3 minimum in one row situated on the outer side at the periphery of the bundle, with a hollow central space 8. The length of all inserts 1, 1’, 1” corresponds to the length of the floor hollow brick 4, 4’, 4”.

[0009] Example 2. Acoustic inserts 2, 2’, 2”, 2”’ for filling various service openings of different shapes or diameters in floor slabs and other having service openings consist of: three - circular tubes 3 of the diameter of 3 mm on both sides of the tubes are open, while the outlines of inserts 2, 2”, 2”* - with different shapes of service openings of a slab constituting 110 % of the size of filled service openings are in the form of a bundle consisting of circular tubes- on both sides of the tube are open, while the insert 2’ consists of 3” hexagonal tubes with a diagonal of 5 mm sealed at one end or on both sides with a sealing material, e.g. silicone, plastic, etc. The dimensions of the bundle outline of the 2’ insert are 98 % of the corresponding dimensions of the opening of the slab 5, 5’, 5”. Whereby the insert 2”, is in the form of tubes 3, a minimum of one row located on the outer side at the periphery of the bundle, with a central hollow space 8 and the insert 2”’, is also in the form of tubes 3, but has a minimum of two such hollow spaces 8. The length of all inserts 2, 2’, 2”, 2”’ corresponds to the length of the slab 5, 5’, 5”.

[0010] Example 3. A floor hollow brick 4 with mounted acoustic inserts 1, located in service openings on floor slabs 9 with open tubes on both sides - centre floor hollow bricks.

[0011] Example 4. A floor hollow brick 4 with mounted acoustic inserts 1’, positioned in service openings with open tubes on both sides with hollow central space 8 - centre floor hollow bricks. The end cap 6 in combination with the acoustic insert 1’ is used for edge hollow bricks. The end cap 6 has the same number of tubes 8’ or less as the number of central hollow space 8 in the whole floor hollow brick 4. The tubes 8* which have an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow space 8, allowing them to be joined by pressing or using adhesive. These are floor hollow bricks- thanks to the use of a end cap, during pouring of the floor the concrete mixture will not get inside the floor hollow bricks.

[0012] Example 5. A floor hollow brick 4 with acoustic inserts 1 installed, positioned in service openings with open tubes on both sides - middle floor hollow bricks. The end cap 6’ has the same number of tubes 3”’ or less as the number of tubes in the insert 1. The end caps 6’ in combination with the acoustic insert 1 are used for edge hollow bricks. The number of end caps 6” is equal to the number of inserts 1. Tubes 3”’ which have an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of tubes 1, allowing them to be joined by pressing or using adhesive. These are floor hollow bricks- thanks to the use of end caps, during pouring of the floor the concrete mixture will not get inside the floor hollow bricks.

[0013] Example 6: A slab with structural openings 5 with acoustic inserts 2 fitted in the service openings with open tubes on both sides - centre floor slabs. An end cap 7 in combination with an acoustic insert 2 is used for edge floor slabs. The number of end caps 7 is equal to the number of service openings in the slab 5. An end cap 7 has the same number of tubes 3”’ or less as the number of tubes in the insert 2. The tubes 3”’ have an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the tubes 2, allowing them to be joined by pressing or using adhesive. These are end plates, and thanks to the use of end caps, concrete mixture will not enter slabs during pouring of the floor.

[0014] Example 7: A slab with structural openings 5’ with acoustic inserts 2’ installed, positioned in service openings with open tubes on one side and sealing material such as silicone, plastic etc. on the other side- end floor slabs. In this case, no more end caps are fitted to the end floor slabs. The number of 2’ inserts is equal to the number of service openings in the 5’ slab. These are end floor slabs, and, by blanking off the inserts on one or both sides during pouring of the floor, the concrete mixture will not get into the slabs.

Claims

Claims1. Acoustic inserts for improving acoustic insulation in floors or slabs fitted with service openings, wherein the inserts (1, 1', 1”, 2, 2’, 2”, 2”’) are in the form of tubes permanently interconnected by side surfaces in a bundle and having circular or any polygonal cross-section, whereby the cross-sectional diameter of each circular tube (3), or the maximum cross-sectional dimension of the polygonal shaped tube (3’) is in the range of 2 - 30 mm, and the tubes (3, 3’) are made of elastic and resilient material, whereby the cross-section outline of the insert (1, 1’, 1”, 2, 2’, 2”, 2”’) being similar to the cross-section of each opening filled with the respective insert (1, 1‘, 1”, 2, 2’, 2”, 2”’) in a floor hollow brick (4, 4‘, 4”) or a floor slab with service openings (5, 5’, 5”) such that each dimension of the cross-sectional outline of the insert (1, 1’, 1”, 2, 2’, 2”, 2”’ ) is 97 - 120 % of the corresponding opening dimension and / or is deformable by hand muscles to the shape and dimension of the opening to be filled, and the length of the bundle does not exceed the length of the opening to be filled in a hollow brick (4, 4’, 4”) or a floor slab with service openings (5, 5’, 5”), end caps (6, 6’, 7) are used for hollow bricks and end slabs, and prevent the concrete mixture from entering the structural openings.

2. Inserts, according to claim 1, wherein the tube bundles are open on both sides (3, 3’)3. Inserts, according to claim 1, wherein the tube bundles are sealed on one or both sides with an insulating material (3”) e.g. silicone, plastic etc.

4. Inserts, according to claim 1, wherein the tube bundles are plugged on one or both sides with end caps (6, 6’, 7).

5. Inserts, according to claims 1 to 4, wherein the tubes are plugged with end caps (6, 6’, 7) which have an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the tubes (3, 3’) enabling them to be joined by pressing or using adhesive.

6. Inserts, according to claims 1 to 5, wherein the entire insert (1, 1”, 2, 2’) is filled with tubes (3, 3’).

7. Inserts, according to claims 1 to 6, wherein the entire insert (1', , 2”) in cross-section is in the form of a minimum of one layer of tubes (3, 3’) arranged around the periphery of the insert, with a minimum of one with a hollow space (8) inside the bundle of tubes (3, 3’).

8. Inserts, according to claims 1 to 7, wherein the entire insert (2”’) in cross- section, is in the form of a minimum of one layer of tubes (3, 3’) situated at the periphery of the insert, with a minimum of two hollow spaces (8) inside the tube bundle (3, 3’).

9. Inserts, according to claims 1 to 8, wherein the tubes (3, 3’) are made of thermoplastic or preferably recycled polyethylene.

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