Multi-material structural connection for the construction industry and method for assembling a multi-material structural connection

Abstract

The present invention pertains to the construction industry, more specifically to the area of structural connections, and describes a multi-material structural connection for the construction industry comprising: a set of L-profiles containing four L-profiles; a lower cruciform element having two intersecting plates and four tips; wherein the set of L-profiles is joined to the lower cruciform element, thus forming slots between the L-profiles, the lower cruciform element being firmly fastened to a lower pillar in order to support the connection. In addition, the present invention also describes a method for assembling a multi-material structural connection comprising: joining a lower cruciform element to the set of L-profiles by means of welding; firmly fastening a lower cruciform element to an upper end of a lower pillar; fitting at least one filling element or a male portion of at least one fastening flange into one of the slots formed between L-profiles of a set of L-profiles; firmly fastening an upper cruciform element to a lower end of an upper pillar; fitting the upper cruciform element fastened to the pillar into the slots formed between the L-profiles of the set of L-profiles; fixedly securing the upper cruciform element to the L-profiles using fastening means in order to secure the connection.

Description

MULTI-MATERIAL STRUCTURAL CONNECTION FOR CIVIL CONSTRUCTION AND METHOD OF ASSEMBLY OF A MULTI-MATERIAL STRUCTURAL CONNECTION Field of invention

[0001] The present invention falls within the field of civil construction, more specifically in the area of ​​structural connections, and describes a structural connection for application in buildings, capable of receiving pillars and beams in various materials. Fundamentals of the invention

[0002] In order to provide a better understanding of the present invention, a brief explanation will be presented on the state of the art, as well as the existing problems, where it will be possible for a technician versed in the subject to recognize the limiting aspects that already exist, in order to later understand the technical characteristics of the proposed solution for solving the problems.

[0003] Currently, structural metal connections are commonly used in civil construction for structures in which a specific material predominates, be it steel, concrete, wood or another material.

[0004] For example, the state of the art teaches the use of prefabricated reinforced concrete pillars and beams that are equipped with inserts of other materials to connect them together on site.

[0005] Furthermore, there are several references for the construction of steel structures, whose pillars and beams are connected at specific points forming connection nodes that are fixed by welding, rivets or screws. In general, these types of connections present problems of connection stability, at least until the connection is fixed using the definitive methods adopted in each case, which is why it is necessary to carry out the definitive fixing of the elements during the execution of the assembly.

[0006] Wooden structures, one of the most traditional construction materials, are commonly built using two approaches: 1. dry connections using the machining of wooden elements, an approach that has ancient historical roots and is still used today in specific cases; and 2. use of metal connection and fixing elements to connect wooden structural components, a more common solution in contemporary structures due to its greater practicality.

[0007] These and other known solutions have limitations, especially with regard to flexibility, since each type of connection serves beam and column structural components with predefined material, cross-section and quantities. In addition, the available solutions, as a rule, result in difficulties in scale production due to the great variability of connection elements and challenges in ease of installation.

[0008] As seen, there is little or no flexibility for structural metal connections in the state of the art in relation to the use of connections that provide the possibility of interchanging pillars and beams of different materials (steel, concrete, wood, etc.) and sections using the same connection. Furthermore, structural connections are traditionally developed to connect a specific number of components, with variations being created on a case-by-case basis.

[0009] Therefore, there is a need in the state of the art to develop a structural connection capable of promoting flexibility in relation to the different types of materials used between the beams and columns and also in relation to the number of these connected elements and sections. State of the art

[0010] The search for history led to some documents that reveal matters within the technological field of the present invention.

[0011] Document CN 114000585 B discloses a precast concrete beam column connection node and a connection method comprising two precast concrete columns, two precast concrete beams, a plurality of steel bar extrusion sleeves, a central fixing piece and two auxiliary fixing pieces, wherein the two precast concrete columns are arranged in parallel; the central fixing piece comprises a cross cylinder and a cross plate; two ends of the cross cylinder are respectively and fixedly connected to one end of each of the two precast concrete columns; the cross plate is inserted into the cross cylinder; the auxiliary fixing piece comprises I-shaped steel and two I-shaped plates. connecting cover; the I-shaped steel and the precast concrete beam are integrally formed, and two ends of the I-shaped steel respectively extend outward from two end faces of the precast concrete beam; one end of the I-shaped steel is fixedly connected to the cross plate through two connecting cover plates; the two precast concrete columns are fixedly connected through the cross cylinders and the plurality of steel bar extrusion sleeves respectively.

[0012] However, document CN 114000585 B presents an application in precast concrete columns and beams integrally formed with steel connectors and, therefore, does not present flexibility in the materials that can be connected. Furthermore, this document also does not reveal a solution that can be applied to a flexible number of parts and using a single connection model; or a single solution that can be used for different shapes and sections of columns and beams. Finally, the solution proposed in this document requires reinforcement tying and concreting for assembly.

[0013] In turn, document KR 102044713 BI discloses a connection structure between a precast composite beam (PC) (B) and a precast composite column (PC) (C). The precast composite column (C) includes a column steel structure (CS) installed vertically in a connection portion of the composite PC beam (B), a column support (CB) installed horizontally in the column steel structure (CS) and a column rebar / reinforcement (CSS) installed vertically therein. The composite PC beam (B) includes a beam support (BB) and a beam bottom reinforcement (BS) , respectively exposed to the upper and lower portions of one end of the concrete beam (BC) . A beam connection rebar (RB) is installed through the connection portion and has one end attached to the exposed end of the beam bottom rebar (BS) by a coupler (CP) . The connection portion and the concrete slab (not shown) are filled simultaneously. In addition, the beam connection rebar (RB) is a beam connection rebar (RB' ) cu whose other end is cut at the center of the connection portion, in which a column insertion anchor (RA) is attached to a cut portion.In addition, the beam connecting rebar (RB) is a beam connecting rebar (RB' ') that passes through the column steel structure (CS) at the center of the connecting portion, and is bent horizontally and then cut, wherein the bent portion becomes a curved portion (BRB' '). Thus, the connecting structure can achieve convenience in the rebar installation process.

[0014] However, document KR 102044713 Bl, as well as CN 114000585 B, does not present an application with flexibility of materials that can be connected, and KR 102044713 Bl uses precast concrete columns and beams integrally formed with steel connectors. Furthermore, this document also does not provide a solution applicable to a flexible number of parts, which uses a single connection model, regardless of the shapes and cross-sections of the columns and beams to be connected. Finally, this document provides a solution that is highly dependent on the lower beam hardware to provide support, in addition to relying on concreting for assembly.

[0015] Further, document KR 101518622 BI provides a joint structure of a composite column and a beam in which a column member including an inner steel tube and an outer concrete part formed outside the inner steel tube and a beam member are coupled together. The joint structure of a composite column may include: the inner steel tube, which has an insertion hole part, formed by cutting, at one of its ends and has a hollow part inside it; the outer concrete placed on the outside of the inner steel part in such a way that the end part of the inner steel tube is exposed; a joint member, which is installed on the end part of the inner steel tube to pass inside and outside the inner steel tube, is set in the outer concrete and is coupled to the beam member.The joint member is inserted into the insertion hole portion to pass through the inner steel tube ; and an H-shaped steel member having an upper flange, a lower flange and a web . According to an embodiment of document KR 101518622 Bl , the construction load , which is exerted when the beam member is joined to a joint member, or the concrete slab is placed, and a. load after installation, are supported by the external concrete as well as the internal steel tubes, thus ensuring the structural stability of the joint structure.

[0016] However, this document also fails to present a solution that features the flexibility of materials that can be connected, since this document only uses concrete pillars and steel beams. Furthermore, document KR 101518622 Bl is not applicable to a flexible number of parts that use a single connection model, since in this document, for each number of beams, it is necessary to manufacture a different connection model. It is worth noting that this document also requires concreting to carry out the assembly.

[0017] CN 115075386 A discloses an assembled circular steel pipe column, an H-shaped steel beam splicing joint and a construction method thereof. They belong to the field of building structure and include: the steel pipe column comprises an upper steel pipe column, a lower steel pipe column, an upper bottom plate, a lower bottom plate, a reinforcing rib, an upper base plate, a lower base plate, a screw cap, an H-shaped steel beam, a connector, an ultra-low carbon bainite steel bolt and a bolt hole. The upper and lower support plates are connected to the upper and lower steel pipe columns by welding and reinforced by reinforcing ribs; the connecting piece is closely jointed with the beam. H-shaped steel beam, and the H-shaped steel beam is prefabricated and cut in a factory; the upper and lower base plates are firmly placed between the upper and lower base plates and the H-shaped steel beam, and then fixed using an ultra-low carbon bainite steel bolt. This paper is aimed at solving the problem of poor connection between the existing circular steel pipe column and the H-shaped steel beam, having a reasonable design and little difficulty in site construction, saving the construction period and improving the assembly degree of the building.

[0018] However, document CN 115075386 A also fails to provide a solution that presents flexibility of materials that can be connected, so that this document shows steel columns with circular section and beams in steel profile type I. Furthermore, the document does not present interchangeability of materials with a solution for interfacing with varied columns and beams, nor even a unique solution for different shapes and sections of columns and beams.

[0019] Finally, document KR 101497177 Bl discloses a joining device for joining a cross beam body and a main body, the joining device comprising a beam side connection member for connecting the cross beam body, the side connection member and the column side connection member on the outer side of the beam side connection member and the column side connection member, and the beam side connection member and the column are fixed using a clamping member. With this provision, document KR 101497177 BI aims to provide a coupling device that improves the adjustment workability of the spatial structure of the crossbeam body and the main body.

[0020] However, document KR 101497177 BI also fails to present a solution that has as a characteristic the flexibility of materials that can be connected. Furthermore, this document does not present material interchangeability with a solution for interfacing with different columns and beams, or even a unique solution for different shapes and sections of beams and columns, whereas this document, on the other hand, presents complex extruded or molded shapes, being more applicable to lightweight spatial structures. Brief description of the invention

[0021] The present invention falls within the field of civil construction, more specifically in the area of ​​structural connections, and describes a structural connection for application in buildings capable of receiving pillars and beams in various materials.

[0022] In general, the present invention seeks to solve a recurring problem in the state of the art, which presents little or no flexibility in terms of providing structural metal connections that guarantee the possibility of interchanging pillars and beams of different materials (steel, concrete, wood, etc.) and sections using the same connection.

[0023] In this sense, the present invention aims at development of a multi-material structural connection that has great flexibility of application, both in relation to the materials and cross-sections of the beams and columns used, and in relation to the number of these connected elements.

[0024] The connection developed by the present invention has a male-female spatial geometry, with a set formed by spaced angles combined with core elements (upper and lower quadridents and tabs) with cutouts for fitting beams and pillars of different sections and materials.

[0025] More specifically, the present invention consists of the development of a metallic structural connection, for application in buildings, which can receive pillars and beams in different materials.

[0026] The connection consists of a set of angles with spacers (female fitting) that can receive lower and upper pillars and multiple beams with fixing tabs (male fitting).

[0027] The possibility of combining the number of pillars and beams required for the structure in question and being able to choose different materials provides unprecedented flexibility for this connection.

[0028] Therefore, the following characteristics can be cited as advantages of the present invention in relation to the state of the art, in a non-exhaustive manner: great flexibility of structural solutions - a single solution which allows receiving a varied number of pillars and beams with different cross sections; hybrid approach - a connection that allows using beams and pillars in different materials; flexible modular connection; detachable connection; among others.

[0029] The structural connection of the present invention can be applied to single-story, two-story and building structures; one to four beams and one to two columns; cantilever configuration; angled beams; different materials among steel, lumber, engineered wood, precast concrete, cast-in-place concrete, or variations thereof.

[0030] Thus, the present invention aims to solve the problems mentioned above by providing, in one embodiment, a multi-material structural connection for civil construction comprising: a set of angles having four angles; a lower quadrident having two crossed plates and four points; in which the set of angles is joined to the lower quadrident, thus forming gaps between the angles; the lower quadrident being firmly fixed to a lower pillar to support the connection.

[0031] Additionally, the present invention also provides, in one embodiment, a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection comprising: joining a lower quadrident to the angle bracket assembly by welding; firmly attaching a lower quadrident to an upper end of a lower pillar; fitting at least one of the four corner brackets together; at least one filling element or a fitting portion of at least one fixing tab in one of the gaps formed between angle bars of a set of angle bars; firmly fixing an upper quadrident to a lower end of an upper pillar; fitting the upper quadrident fixed to the pillar into the gaps formed between the angle bars of the set of angle bars; firmly securing the upper quadrident to the angle bars by means of fastening. Brief description of the figures

[0032] The foregoing brief description, as well as the detailed description below, which comprises preferred embodiments of the subject invention, will be better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For the purpose of illustrating the present invention, embodiments thereof are shown in the drawings. It should be understood, however, that the subject invention is not limited to the precise arrangements and apparatus shown.

[0033] Thus, the present invention will be described below with reference to typical embodiments thereof and also with reference to the attached drawings, in which: Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with wooden pillars and wooden and metal beams, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with timber columns and timber and concrete beams, according to a embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 3 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with timber columns and beams in timber, metal and concrete, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with wooden pillars and metal and concrete beams, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 5 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with wooden pillars and metal beams, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with timber and concrete columns and concrete beams, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 7 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with concrete and metal columns and concrete and wood beams, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with concrete and metal columns and concrete beams, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with columns of concrete and metal and beams made of wood and concrete, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 10 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with concrete columns and concrete beams, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 11 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with concrete columns and concrete and wood beams, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 12 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with concrete columns and concrete beams, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 13 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with concrete columns and concrete and wood beams, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 14 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with concrete columns and metal beams, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 15 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with concrete columns and concrete and metal beams, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 16 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with concrete pillars and wood and metal beams, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 17 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with metal columns and concrete beams, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 18 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with metal columns and wooden beams, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 19 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with metal columns and metal beams, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 20 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with metal columns and wooden beams, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 21 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with metal columns and wood and metal beams, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 22 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection used with metal columns and metal beams, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 23 shows a schematic view of a multi-material structural connection without infill block used with timber columns and timber beams, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 24A shows a schematic view of two plates of the lower quadrident of a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 24B shows a schematic view of the lower quadrident with the two assembled plates of a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 25 shows a schematic view of four corner pieces of a multi-material structural connection corner piece assembly, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 26A shows a first schematic view of the assembly of four angles of a set of angles in a lower quadrident of a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 26B shows a second schematic view of the assembly of four angles of a set of angles in a lower quadrident of a multi-material structural connection, wherein welding is applied in gaps of the lower quadrident, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 26C shows a third schematic view of the assembly of four angles of a set of angles in a lower quadrident of a multi-material structural connection, in which welding has been applied to gaps of the lower quadrident, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 26D shows a fourth schematic view of the four corners of a set of corners mounted on a lower quadrident of a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 26E shows a fifth schematic view of the four corner pieces of a corner piece assembly mounted on a lower quadrident of a multi-material structural connection, wherein welding is applied in the vicinity of the lower end of the slots of the corner piece assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 26F shows a sixth schematic view of the four corner pieces of a corner piece assembly mounted on a lower quadrident of a multi-material structural connection, wherein welding has been applied in the vicinity of the lower end of the slots of the corner piece assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0065] Figure 27A shows a schematic front view of a filler element of a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 27B shows a schematic view of a filling element of a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0067] Figure 28 shows a schematic view of a first attachment tab configuration of a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0068] Figure 29A shows a schematic view of a separate engagement portion and support portion of a second attachment tab configuration of a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0069] Figure 29B shows a schematic view of an assembled engagement portion and support portion of a second attachment tab configuration of a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0070] Figure 29C shows a schematic view of a second attachment tab configuration of a multi-material structural connection mounted on a metal beam, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0071] Figure 30A shows a schematic view of an assembled engagement portion and support portion of a third attachment tab configuration of a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 30B shows a schematic view of a third attachment tab configuration of a multi-material structural connection being assembled to a concrete beam.

[0073] Figure 30C shows a schematic view of a third attachment tab configuration of a multi-material structural connection already assembled on a concrete beam, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0074] Figure 31A shows a schematic view of two upper quadrident plates of a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0075] Figure 31B shows a schematic view of the upper quadrident with the two assembled plates of a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 31C shows a schematic view of the upper quadrident with the two assembled plates of a multi-material structural connection, in which welding is applied to gaps of the upper quadrident, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0077] Figure 31D shows a schematic view of the upper quadrident with the two assembled plates of a multi-material structural connection, in which welding has been applied to gaps of the upper quadrident, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] Figure 32A shows a schematic view of the components of a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0079] Figure 32B shows a schematic view of a first moment of a first step of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0080] Figure 32C shows a schematic view of a second moment of a first step of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0081] Figure 32D shows a schematic view of a third moment of a first step of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0082] Figure 32E shows a schematic view of a second step of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0083] Figure 32F shows a schematic view of a third step of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0084] Figure 32G shows a schematic view of a first moment of a fourth step of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0085] Figure 32H shows a schematic view of a second stage of a fourth stage of an assembly method. of a multi-material structural connection, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0086] Figure 321 shows a schematic view of a fifth step of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0087] Figure 32J shows a schematic view of a first moment of a sixth step of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0088] Figure 32K shows a schematic view of a second stage of a sixth stage of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0089] Figure 32L shows a schematic view of a third moment of a sixth step of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0090] Figure 32M shows a schematic view of a first moment of a seventh step of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0091] Figure 32N shows a schematic view of a second stage of a seventh stage of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0092] Figure 320 shows a schematic view of a third moment of a seventh step of a method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed description of the invention

[0093] Reference is hereinafter made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the present invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same or similar reference numerals will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or similar features. It should be noted that the drawings are in simplified form and are not drawn to precise scale, so that slight variations are anticipated.

[0094] Initially, it is worth highlighting that throughout the text the expressions "in metal" or "made of metal" are used to describe metal structures in general, which include, but are not limited to, structures made of steel or equivalent alloys.

[0095] Figures 1 to 22 show, by way of example, different embodiments of the multi-material structural connection of the present invention, in which Figure 1 presents the connection between two wooden pillars Pl, two wooden beams VI and two metal beams V3; Figure 2 presents the connection between two wooden pillars Pl, two wooden beams VI and two concrete beams V2; Figure 3 presents the connection between two wooden pillars Pl, two wooden beams VI, a concrete beam V2 and a metal beam V3; Figure 4 presents the connection between two wooden columns Pl , two concrete beams V2 and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 5 shows the connection between two wooden columns Pl and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 6 shows the connection between a wooden column Pl , a concrete column P2 and two concrete beams V2 ; Figure 7 shows the connection between a concrete column P2 , a metal column P3 , two wooden beams VI and two concrete beams V2 ; Figure 8 shows the connection between a concrete column P2 , a metal column P3 and two concrete beams V2 ; Figure 9 shows the connection between a concrete column P2 , a metal column P3 , two wooden beams VI and two concrete beams V2 ; Figure 10 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , in which the lower concrete column has a circular section, and two concrete beams V2 ; Figure 11 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , a wooden beam VI and two concrete beams V2 ; Figure 12 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 and two concrete beams V2 ; Figure 13 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , two wooden beams VI and two concrete beams V2 ; Figure 14 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 15 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , two concrete beams V2 and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 16 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , two wooden beams VI and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 17 shows the connection between two metal columns P3 and two concrete beams V2 ; Figure 18 shows the connection between two concrete columns P3 and two concrete beams V2 ; Figure 19 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , two wooden beams VI and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 20 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , two wooden beams VI and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 21 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , two wooden beams VI and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 22 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , two wooden beams VI and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 23 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , two wooden beams VI and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 24 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , two wooden beams VI and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 25 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , two wooden beams VI and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 26 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 , two wooden beams VI and two metal beams V3 ; Figure 27 shows the connection between two metal columns P3 and two concrete beams V2 ; Figure 28 shows the connection between two concrete columns P2 and two concrete beams V3 . the connection between two metal pillars P3 and two wooden beams VI; Figure 19 shows the connection between two metal pillars P3 and two metal beams V3; Figure 20 shows the connection between two metal pillars P3 and two wooden beams VI; Figure 21 shows the connection between two metal pillars P3, two wooden beams VI and two metal beams V3; Figure 22 shows the connection between two metal pillars P3 and two metal beams V3. It should be emphasized that the configurations represented in these Figures are not limitative, so that the connection of the present invention can still be applied to several other combinations of wooden, metal and concrete beams and pillars.

[0096] Only for a better understanding of the object of the present invention, the multi-material structural connection will be described below primarily based on an embodiment that includes the connection of wooden pillars and beams, as shown in Figure 23. However, the present invention is in no way limited by this configuration, so that, throughout the description, other embodiments and variations will be pointed out and may be readily understood by a person skilled in the art.

[0097] Thus, Figure 23 shows a multi-material structural connection for civil construction 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the multi-material structural connection for civil construction 1 comprises: a set of angle irons 10 having four angle bars 11; a lower quadrident 20 having two crossed plates 21, 22 and four points 21p, 22p; wherein the set of angle bars 10 is joined to the lower quadrident 20, thus forming gaps 40 between the angle bars 11; the lower quadrident 20 being firmly fixed to a lower pillar P1 to support the connection 1. In embodiments of the present invention, the connection 1 further comprises at least one fixing tab 30, being up to four fixing tabs 30, or at least one filling element 25, being up to four filling elements 25. Particularly, when the connection comprises at least one connecting tab 30, it will further include between zero and three filling elements 25. Likewise, when the connection comprises at least one filling element 25, it will further include between zero and three fixing tabs 30.

[0098] Figures 24A and 24B show the assembly of the lower quadrident 20 of the connection 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 24A, the lower quadrident 20 has two plates 21, 22, a first lower quadrident plate 21 and a second lower quadrident plate 22, wherein each of the first lower quadrident plate 21 and the second lower quadrident plate 22 has a substantially straight base end 21b, 22b and a top end 21t, 22t with a general U or V profile. The general U or V profile at the top end 21t, 22t of the plates 21, 22 has a recessed region 21r, 22r substantially centered and two tips 21p, 22p which are arranged laterally in relation to the recessed region 21r, 22r.

[0099] The first lower quadrident plate 21 further has a groove 21s, substantially centered on the plate 21, which extends from the base end 21b towards the interior of the plate 21. Similarly, the second lower quadrident plate 22 further has a groove 22s, substantially centered on the plate 22, which extends from the recess region 22r of the top end 22t towards the interior of the plate 22. In some embodiments of the present invention, the first lower quadrident plate 21 further has an elongated portion 23, which in addition to facilitating the fitting of filler elements 25 and fastening tabs 30, 60, 70, also prevents them from moving forward when fitted into the slots 40 between the corners 11, after the corners 11 are assembled on the lower quadrident 20.

[0100] Figure 24B shows more specifically the plates 21, 22 assembled to form the lower quadrident 20 having two crossed plates 21, 22 and four points 21p, 22p. Thus, the first plate 21 and the second plate 22 are arranged perpendicularly with respect to each other and fit together fixedly by means of the grooves 21s, 22s thus forming the lower quadrident 20 having two crossed plates 21, 22 and four points 21p, 22p, as shown exemplarily in Figure 24B.

[0101] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 25, the set of corners 10 has four corners 11, each corner 11 having a general L-shaped profile with two portions, a front portion llf and a rear portion lit. In one embodiment of the present invention, each angle 11 further comprises holes in the vicinity of its upper end.

[0102] Figures 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D, 26E and 26F demonstrate how the assembly of the set of angles 10 is made in the lower quadrident 20, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Particularly, each angle 11 of the set of angles 10 is fitted, by its lit rear portion, in a respective gap 20v of the lower quadrident 20 and joined to said lower quadrident 20 by a fastening means, preferably welding. More specifically, it should be noted that welding can be applied continuously or spaced along the gaps 20v of the lower quadrident 20, as shown in Figures 26B and 26C, to join the plates 21, 22 that form the lower quadrident 20 and prevent one plate from moving in relation to the other. Furthermore, as shown in Figures 26E and 26F, weld is applied in the vicinity of the lower end of the slots 40 to join the angles 11 to the lower quadrident 20.

[0103] Additionally, Figures 27A and 27B show filler elements 25, while Figures 28, 29A, 29B, 29C, 30A, 30B, 30C show fastening tabs 30, 60, 70, according to embodiments of the present invention.

[0104] As shown in Figures 27A and 27B, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a The filling element 25 has two ends 25p, an upper end 25ps and a lower end 25pi. The filling element 25 is used to couple or fit into a gap 40 between two angle bars 11 of the set of angle bars 10, thus filling the space between angle bars 11 in cases where a fixing tab 30 associated with a V beam is not used. For example, if a connection 1 is used to connect three V beams, each of these V beams will be fitted into a gap 40 by means of its respective fixing tab 30, while the fourth gap 40, with no beam to be connected to it, will be filled by means of a filling element 25 to provide greater stability to the structure.

[0105] Furthermore, it should be noted that the fixing tabs 30, 60, 70 of the present invention, as shown in Figures 28, 29A and 30A, each have a fitting portion 31, 61, 71 for coupling or fitting into the slot 40 between the angle bars 11 of the set of angle bars 10 of the connection 1, and a support portion 32, 62, 72 for coupling or fitting into a V beam. Furthermore, each fixing tab 30, 60, 70 comprises, in its fitting portion 31, 61, 71, two tips 31p, 61p, 71p, an upper tip 31ps, 61ps, 71ps and a lower tip 31pi, 61pi, 71pi that facilitate fitting into the slots 40 of the set of angle bars 10. and lock the V beam due to this geometry.

[0106] According to one embodiment of the present invention, illustrated in Figure 28, for fixing tabs 30 that will be used to fit wooden beams to the connection, the Support portion 32 is a wooden beam support portion formed by a generally rectangular shaped plate extending rearwardly from the engagement portion 31 of the fixing tab 30. It should be noted that the two portions 31, 32 are designed from a single plate, without other processes being used to join the two portions 31, 32

[0107] Furthermore, according to another embodiment of the present invention, illustrated in Figures 29A to 29C, for fixing tabs 60 that will be used for fitting metal beams to the connection, the support portion 62 is a metal beam support portion formed by a generally rectangular shaped plate, arranged perpendicularly in relation to the fitting portion 61, the fitting portion 61 being joined to a substantially central region of the support portion 62, preferably by welding. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 29C, a metal beam V to be fitted to the connection is joined to the back of the support portion 33 of the fixing tab 30 by a suitable fastening means, preferably welding.

[0108] Still, according to another embodiment of the present invention, illustrated in Figures 30A to 30C, for fixing tabs 70 that will be used for fitting concrete beams to the connection, the support portion 72 is a concrete beam support portion formed by a generally rectangular shaped plate, arranged perpendicularly in relation to the fitting portion 71, the fitting portion 71 being joined to a substantially central region of the support portion 72, preferably by welding. The beam support portion 72 of concrete further comprises holes for fitting bars 75 of the reinforcement of the concrete beam for assembly in the beam, each bar 75 being attached to the support portion 72 by means of threaded connections 76, such as nuts and / or others.

[0109] It is important to emphasize that other formats for the support portions 32, 62, 72 of the fixing tabs 30, 60, 70 of the present invention can also be adopted, such as, for example, circular, hexagonal, quadrangular, or other polygonal formats, filled or hollow, depending on the geometry of the cross-section of the beam V to be fitted into the connection 1.

[0110] In some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-material structural connection 1 further comprises an upper quadrident 50 having two cross plates 51, 52 and four prongs 51p, 52p, as shown in Figures 31A, 31B, 31C and 31D.

[0111] According to Figure 31A, the upper quadrident 50 has two plates 51, 52, being a first upper quadrident plate 51 and a second upper quadrident plate 52, wherein each of the first upper quadrident plate 51 and the second upper quadrident plate 52 has a substantially straight top end 51t, 52t and a base end 51b, 52b with a general inverted U or V profile. The general inverted U or V profile at the base end 51b, 52b of the plates 51, 52 has a substantially centralized recessed region 51r, 52r and two tips 51p, 52p that are disposed laterally in relation to the recess region 51r, 52r.

[0112] The first upper quadrident plate 51 further has a groove 51s, substantially centered in the plate 51, which extends from the recess region 51r of the base end 51b toward the interior of the plate 51. Similarly, the second upper quadrident plate 52 further has a groove 52s, substantially centered in the plate 52, which extends from the top end 52t toward the interior of the plate 52.

[0113] Figure 31B shows more specifically the plates 51, 52 assembled to form the upper quadrident 50 having two crossed plates 51, 52 and four ends 51p, 52p. Thus, the first plate 51 and the second plate 52 are arranged perpendicularly with respect to each other and fit together fixedly by means of the grooves 51s, 52s thus forming the upper quadrident 50 having two crossed plates 51, 52 and four ends 51p, 52p, as shown exemplarily in Figure 31B. It should also be noted that welding can be applied continuously or spaced along gaps 50v of the upper quadrident 50, as shown in Figures 31C and 31D, to join the plates 51, 52 that form the upper quadrident 50 and prevent one plate from moving in relation to the other.

[0114] In the embodiment of the invention with beams made of sawn wood or engineered wood, the structural connection 1 further comprises a filler block BP inserted around the connection 1 to provide additional reinforcement to the structure, as shown in an exemplary manner by the Figures 2, 3, 32M, 32N and 320. The MP fill block can be made of wood, steel, aluminum, concrete, a combination of these or other materials.

[0115] Furthermore, Figures 32A to 320 show the elements that make up the connection, as well as the assembly method of a multi-material structural connection 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0116] Thus, Figure 32A shows the general arrangement of the elements of the structural connection 1, before being assembled on PS, PI columns or V beams. In this Figure, the connection 1 is provided having the lower quadrident 20 joined to the set of angles 10, an upper quadrident 50 arranged above the lower quadrident 20, two fixing tabs 30, and two filling elements 25.

[0117] In a first step, illustrated by Figures 32B, 32C and 32D, the assembly method of the present invention comprises joining a lower quadrident 20 to the set of angles 10 by means of welding. Next, the method further comprises firmly attaching the lower quadrident 20 to an upper end of a lower pillar PI by means of a cross cutout RC1 made in the upper end of the pillar PI to receive the lower quadrident 20. Additionally, the lower quadrident 20 is secured to the pillar PI by suitable fastening means, such as pins, bolts, rivets, screws, metal tubular elements, or others. In the case of a metal pillar, the method comprises firmly fixing the lower quadrident to an upper end of a lower column by means of a base plate that is welded to the upper end of the column, as shown by way of example in Figures 17, 18 and 19. In turn, in the case of a concrete column, the method comprises firmly fixing the lower quadrident to an upper end of a lower column by means of threaded bars and nuts that are used to fix the lower concrete column to a base plate to which the lower quadrident is welded, as shown by way of example in Figures 6, 7, 8, 11, 12 and 14.

[0118] Furthermore, in a second step, illustrated by Figure 32E, the method further comprises attaching a support portion 32 of the attachment tab 30 to a V beam. As will be apparent to one skilled in the art, this step may be omitted in a method when there are no beam attachment tabs to be attached to the connection, i.e., when a filler element 25 is used in place of an attachment tab 30, for example.

[0119] It should be noted, as previously described, that for a wooden beam, the fastening is done by fitting the wooden beam support portion 32 into a cutout R in the end of the V beam to receive the support portion 32, as shown in Figure 32E. Additionally, the fastening tab 30 is secured to the V beam by suitable fastening means, such as pins, bolts, rivets, screws, metal tubular elements, or others.

[0120] As described previously, for a metal beam, the attachment is made by joining the support portion 62 of the metal beam with one end of the V beam to receive the support portion 62. This joining is preferably made by welding.

[0121] Furthermore, as described previously, for a concrete beam, the fixing is done by means of bars 75 of the concrete beam reinforcement fitted into holes in the support portion 72 of the concrete beam.

[0122] In a third step, illustrated by Figure 32F, the assembly method further comprises fitting a fitting portion 31 of the fixing tab 30 or a filler element 25 into one of the slots 40 formed between the angles 11 of the set of angles 10, so that the fitting portion 31 of the fixing tab 30 or the filler element 25 slides through the slot 40 between the angles 11 of the set of angles 10 and rests on the lower quadrident 20 fixed to the column PI, as shown in Figure 32F. In particular, this configuration provides support of the V-beams prior to bolting, without dependence on a lower column or other additional support elements, for example.Specifically, the fitting portion 31 of the fixing tab 30, by means of its lower tip 31pi, is fitted firmly onto a tip 21p, 22p of the lower quadrident 20, so that the V beam does not move laterally, prevented by the angles 11 of the set of angles 10, or downwards in relation to the quadrident. lower quadrident 20. Similarly, the filling element 25, by means of its lower tip 25pi, is firmly fitted onto a tip 21p, 22p of the lower quadrident 20, providing stability to the structure, when there are no fixing tabs to be connected to a given slot 40. It is also worth noting that the fitting carried out in this step is carried out in an equivalent manner for a fitting portion 61 of a fixing tab 60 of a metal beam or for a fitting portion 71 of a fixing tab 70 of a concrete beam.

[0123] Additionally, in a fourth step, illustrated by Figures 32G and 32H, the method further comprises firmly attaching the upper quadrident 50 to a lower end of an upper pillar PS by means of a cross cutout RC2 made in the lower end of the pillar PS to receive the upper quadrident 50. Additionally, the upper quadrident 50 is secured to the pillar P2 by suitable fastening means, such as pins, bolts, rivets, screws, metal tubular elements, or others. In the case of a metal pillar, the method comprises firmly attaching the upper quadrident to a lower end of an upper pillar by means of a top plate that is welded to the lower end of the pillar, as shown exemplarily in Figures 17, 18 and 19. In turn, in the case of a concrete pillar, the method involves firmly fixing the upper quadrident to a lower end of an upper pillar by means of threaded rods and nuts. which are used to fix the upper concrete column to a top plate to which the upper quadrident is welded, as shown by way of example in Figures 6, 7, 8, 11, 12 and 14.

[0124] In a fifth step, illustrated by Figure 321, the method further comprises fitting the upper quadrident 50 fixed to the column PS into the slots 40 formed between the angles 11 of the set of angles 10, so that the tips 51p, 52p of the upper quadrident 50 slide through the slots 40 between the angles 11 of the set of angles 10 and rest on the filling element 25 and / or on the fitting portion 31 of the fixing tab 30, thus locking the vertical movement of the beam V.

[0125] Additionally, in a sixth step, illustrated by Figures 32J, 32K and 32L, after fitting the upper quadrident 50 fixed to the pillar PS into the slots 40 formed between the angle bars 11 of the set of angle bars 10, the method further comprises firmly attaching the upper quadrident 50 to the angle bars 11 by suitable fastening means, such as screws and threads, inserted into through holes in the angle bars 11 and in the upper quadrident 50, to lock the connection.

[0126] In one embodiment of the invention, illustrated by Figures 32M, 32N and 320, the method further comprises a seventh step, relating to inserting a BP filler block around the connection to provide additional reinforcement to the structure. In addition, strips of the same material as the filler block BPs can be inserted to fill voids in the connection. This step of the method is performed in, for example, but not limited to, cases where there are lumber or engineered timber beams. The BP filler block, as well as the strips, can be made of wood, steel, aluminum, concrete, a combination thereof, or other materials.

[0127] It should be noted that the connection components of the present invention, such as the set of angles 10, lower 20 and upper 50 quadridents, filling elements 25 and fixing tabs 30, are preferably made of metallic materials, although other types of materials can also be used as a replacement, without departing from the object of the present invention, as long as firm and safe connections are ensured.

[0128] Furthermore, it is important to emphasize that the connection of the present invention, as well as its associated assembly methods, encompass connections of at least one fixing tab or at least one filling element, in order to cover all possible combinations, such as: a connection having at least one fixing tab of a beam of a certain material and section and three filling elements; a connection having at least one filling element and three fixing tabs of beams of varied materials and sections; a connection having four fixing tabs of beams of varied materials and sections and no filling element; among other possible combinations that include connections and methods having zero to four fastening tabs and zero to four filling elements.

[0129] Therefore, based on the previous description of the aspects of the present invention, it is possible to note that the multi-material structural connection and the method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, according to embodiments of the present invention, bring several advantages, apparent or deducible, in relation to the state of the art, such as: - flexibility of materials that can be connected, since several combinations of beams and columns of different materials (wood, concrete, steel, etc.) can be used; - application to a flexible number of parts, using a single connection model; - interchangeability of materials with a solution for interfacing with varied pillars and beams; - unique solution for different shapes of pillars and beams (square, circular, H, I section, etc.) ; - allows beams with different structural heights to be received using the same connection model and keeping the upper face of the different beams aligned to support the slab; - provision of pre-support for the beams before final bolting, without dependence on the upper column; - simple and practical connection method; male-female fitting type connection; - dry assembly, without the need for concreting.

[0130] Those skilled in the art will appreciate the knowledge presented herein and will be able to reproduce the invention in the modalities presented and in other variants, covered by the scope of the attached claims.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. Multi-material structural connection for civil construction (1), characterized by the fact that it comprises: a set of angles (10) having four angles (II); a lower quadrident (20) having two crossed plates (21, 22) and four points (21p, 22p); in which the set of angles (10) is joined to the lower quadrident (20), thus forming gaps (40) between the angles (11); the lower quadrident (20) being firmly fixed to a lower pillar (PI) to support the connection (1).

2. Multi-material structural connection (1), according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises: at least one fixing tab (30, 60, 70) or at least one filling element (25).

3. Multi-material structural connection (1), according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the two cross plates (21, 22) include a first lower quadrident plate (21) and a second lower quadrident plate (22), in which each of the first lower quadrident plate (21) and the second lower quadrident plate (22) has a base end (21b, 22b) and a top end (21t, 22t) with a general U-shaped or V.

4. Multi-material structural connection (1) , according to claim 3, characterized in that the general U or V profile at the top end (21t, 22t) of the sheets (21, 22) has a recessed region (21r, 22r) and two tips (21p, 22p) that are arranged laterally in relation to the recessed region (21r, 22r).

5. Multi-material structural connection (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first lower quadrident plate (21) further has a groove (21s) extending from the base end (21b) towards the inside of the plate (21); and the second lower quadrident plate (22) further has a groove (22s) extending from the recess region (22r) of the top end (22t) towards the inside of the plate (22).

6. Multi-material structural connection (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the set of angles (10) has four angles (11), each angle (11) having a general L-shaped profile with two portions, a front portion (llf) and a rear portion (lit).

7. Multi-material structural connection (1), according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that each angle (11) of the set of angles (10) is fitted, by its rear portion (lit), in a respective gap (20v) of the lower quadrident (20) and joined to said lower quadrident (20) by a fastening means.

8. Multi-material structural connection (1) , according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: at least one fixing tab (30, 60, 70) has a fitting portion (31, 61, 71) for fitting into a slot (40) between the corners (11) of the set of corners (10), and a support portion (32, 62, 72) for fitting into a beam (V).

9. Multi-material structural connection (1), according to claim 8, characterized by the fact that the fitting portion (31, 61, 71) has two ends (31p, 61p, 71p), one being an upper end (31ps, 61ps, 71ps) and a lower end (31pi, 61pi, 71pi).

10. Multi-material structural connection (1), according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the filling element (25) has two ends (25p), an upper end 25ps and a lower end (25pi).

11. Multi-material structural connection (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it further comprises an upper quadrident (50) having two crossed plates (51, 52) and four points (51p, 52p).

12. Multi-material structural connection (1), according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that the two cross plates (51, 52) include a first upper quadrident plate (51) and a second upper quadrident plate (52), in which each of the first plate upper quadrident (51) and the second upper quadrident plate (52) has a top end (51t, 52t) and a base end (51b, 52b) with a general profile in an inverted U or V.

13. Multi-material structural connection (1), according to claim 12, characterized by the fact that the general inverted U or V profile at the base end (51b, 52b) of the sheets (51, 52) has a recessed region (51r, 52r) and two ends (51p, 52p) that are arranged laterally in relation to the recessed region (51r, 52r).

14. Multi-material structural connection (1) according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that the first upper quadrident plate (51) further has a groove (51s) extending from the recess region (51r) of the base end (51b) towards the inside of the plate (51); and that the second upper quadrident plate (52) further has a groove (52s) extending from the top end (52t) towards the inside of the plate (52).

15. Multi-material structural connection (1), according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, when beams made of sawn wood or engineered wood are used, it can also comprise a filling block (BP) inserted around the connection (1).

16. Method of assembling a multi-material structural connection, characterized by the fact that it comprises: joining a lower quadrident (20) to the set of angle bars (10) by means of welding; firmly attaching a lower quadrident (20) to an upper end of a lower pillar (PI); fitting at least one filling element (25) or a fitting portion (31, 61, 71) of at least one fixing tab (30, 60, 70) into one of the slots (40) formed between angle bars (11) of a set of angle bars (10); firmly attaching an upper quadrident (50) to a lower end of an upper pillar (PS); fitting the upper quadrident (50) attached to the pillar (PS) into the slots (40) formed between the angle bars (11) of the set of angle bars (10); firmly attaching the upper quadrident (50) to the angle bars (11) by means of fastening means to lock the connection.

17. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that to securely fasten the upper quadrident (50) to the angle bars (11), screws and threads are used which are inserted into through holes in the angle bars and in the upper quadrident (50).

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