Composition comprising a particular agent, tocopherol in a specific content and an anionic surfactant and / or an amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant

Abstract

The present invention relates to a composition comprising: a) at least one agent chosen from acids comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chain containing from 3 to 5 carbon atoms and salts thereof; b) at least 0.2% by weight of at least one antioxidant agent chosen from tocopherol and esters thereof, relative to the total weight of the composition; and c) at least one surfactant chosen from anionic surfactants, amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof.

Description

[0001] DESCRIPTION

[0002] TITLE: Composition comprising a particular agent, tocopherol in a specific content and an anionic surfactant and / or an amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant

[0003] The present invention relates to a composition comprising at least one agent chosen from acids comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chain containing from 3 to 5 carbon atoms and salts thereof, at least one antioxidant agent chosen from tocopherol and esters thereof in a specific content and at least one anionic and / or amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant.

[0004] The invention also relates to a cosmetic treatment process using this composition and to the use of said composition for the cosmetic treatment of keratin materials.

[0005] Technical field

[0006] Hair is generally damaged and embrittled by the action of external atmospheric agents such as light and bad weather, and also by mechanical or chemical treatments, such as brushing, combing, dyeing, bleaching, permanent-waving and / or relaxing, or even repeated washing.

[0007] Hair is thus damaged by these various factors and may over time become dry, coarse, brittle or dull, notably in fragile areas, and more particularly at the ends.

[0008] Moreover, consumers may experience itching of the scalp, as well as tingling or even a sensation of heating, or even flaking of the scalp.

[0009] To remedy these drawbacks, it is customary to use haircare products which use compositions intended for conditioning the hair, notably providing satisfactory cosmetic properties, including smoothness, suppleness, a natural feel and good detangling properties, and which provide short-term effects which help in coping with the scalp discomfort effects, with instant relief.

[0010] Nevertheless, the products existing on the market, notably the anti-dandruff market, do not necessarily give complete satisfaction and still have room for improvement, notably with regard to the cosmetic properties, such as the smooth feel, the detangling and the suppleness. Furthermore, these products do not always have good stability over time, and a deterioration of the condition of said product may be observed. There is thus a real need to provide a composition that reduces or even eliminates the adverse effects of scalp discomfort, such as tingling, itching and / or heating sensation, while at the same time maintaining, even restoring the balance of the microbial flora of the scalp (maintaining and / or restoring the ecoflora of the scalp to a normal level), and retaining good cosmetic properties for the hair and its roots, such as a smooth feel, detangling and suppleness, while at the same time having good stability over time.

[0011] It has been discovered, surprisingly, that a particular cosmetic composition allows the abovementioned objects to be achieved.

[0012] Disclosure of the invention

[0013] One subject of the present invention is thus a composition comprising: a) at least one agent chosen from acids comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chain containing from 3 to 5 carbon atoms and salts thereof; b) at least 0.2% by weight of at least one antioxidant agent chosen from tocopherol and esters thereof, relative to the total weight of the composition; and c) at least one surfactant chosen from anionic surfactants, amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof.

[0014] The composition according to the invention affords good cosmetic properties to keratin fibres, notably in terms of smooth feel, detangling and suppleness.

[0015] The composition according to the invention also allows the balance of the scalp’s microbial flora to be maintained or even restored.

[0016] A subject of the present invention is also a process for the cosmetic treatment preferably of keratin materials, in particular of human keratin materials such as the scalp, and the hair, comprising the application to said keratin materials of the composition according to the invention.

[0017] The present invention also relates to the use of the composition according to the invention for the cosmetic treatment notably of keratin materials, in particular of human keratin materials such as the scalp, and the hair.

[0018] The present invention also relates to the use of a composition as defined above for maintaining, even restoring the balance of the scalp’s microbial flora.

[0019] The term “at least one" means one or more.

[0020] Unless otherwise indicated, the limits of a range of values are included in that range, notably in the expressions “between” and “ranging from ... to ..." . The invention is not limited to the examples illustrated. The characteristics of the various examples may notably be combined within variants which are not illustrated.

[0021] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “hair” means head hair. This term does not correspond to bodily hairs, the eyebrows or the eyelashes.

[0022] Agent a)

[0023] As indicated previously, the composition according to the invention comprises a) at least one agent chosen from acids comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chain containing from 3 to 5 carbon atoms and salts thereof.

[0024] Preferably, agent a) is chosen from carboxylic acids comprising 3 to 5 carbon atoms, notably monocarboxylic acids, and most particularly acids comprising a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, preferably unsubstituted aliphatic chain containing from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, and salts thereof.

[0025] Preferably, the acid(s) comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, preferably unsubstituted aliphatic chain containing from 3 to 5 carbon atoms are chosen from propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, and mixtures thereof, more preferentially propionic acid.

[0026] Salts of acids comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, preferably unsubstituted aliphatic chain containing from 3 to 5 carbon atoms are preferably chosen from alkali metal salts and alkaline-earth metal salts, more preferentially from alkali metal salts, better still sodium or potassium salts, even better still sodium salts.

[0027] Advantageously, agent a) is chosen from propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, salts thereof and mixtures thereof, preferably from salts of propionic acid, more preferably from calcium salts, sodium salts, magnesium salts, potassium salts of propionic acid and mixtures thereof, more preferentially from sodium propionate.

[0028] According to a preferred embodiment, the total content of agent(s) a) ranges from 0.1% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 10% by weight, more preferentially from 0.5% to 5% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.5% to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0029] According to a preferred embodiment, the total content of propionic acid and / or a salt thereof ranges from 0.1% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 10% by weight, more preferentially from 0.5% to 5% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.5% to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0030] According to a preferred embodiment, the total content of sodium propionate ranges from 0.1% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 10% by weight, more preferentially from 0.5% to 5% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.5% to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0031] Antioxidant agent b)

[0032] As indicated previously, the composition according to the invention comprises at least 0.2% by weight of at least one antioxidant agent b) chosen from tocopherol and esters thereof, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0033] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “antioxidant agent” means an agent that slows down or prevents the oxidation of other chemical substances which come into contact therewith.

[0034] Advantageously, the antioxidant agent(s) are chosen from tocopherol and Ci- C4 acid esters thereof, in particular from tocopherol, tocopheryl acetate and mixtures thereof.

[0035] Advantageously, the total content of the agent(s) b) ranges from 0.2% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.2% to 10% by weight, more preferentially from 0.3% to 5% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.4% to 3% by weight, better still from 0.5% to 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0036] Advantageously, the total content of agent(s) chosen from tocopherol, tocopheryl acetate and mixtures thereof ranges from 0.2% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.2% to 10% by weight, more preferentially from 0.3% to 5% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.4% to 3% by weight and better still from 0.5% to 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0037] Advantageously, the total content of tocopherol ranges from 0.2% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.2% to 10% by weight, more preferentially from 0.3% to 5% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.4% to 3% by weight, better still from 0.5% to 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0038] According to a preferred embodiment, the composition according to the invention comprises at least one agent a) and at least one antioxidant agent b) in a weight ratio (total content of agent(s) a) / total content of agent(s) b)), preferably (total content of sodium propionate / total content of tocopherol), greater than or equal to 1, preferably strictly greater than 1, more preferentially greater than or equal to 1.2, even more preferentially ranging from 1.2 to 10, and better still from 1.2 to 5.

[0039] Surfactant c)

[0040] As indicated previously, the composition according to the invention comprises at least one surfactant chosen from anionic surfactants, amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof.

[0041] Advantageously, the total content of surfactant(s) chosen from anionic surfactants, amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof ranges from 1% to 50% by weight, preferably from 3% to 30% by weight, more preferentially from 4% to 25% by weight, even more preferentially from 5% to 20% by weight, better still from 8% to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0042] Anionic surfactants

[0043] The term “anionic surfactant” means a surfactant including, as ionic or ionizable groups, only anionic groups.

[0044] In the present description, a species is termed as being “anionic” when it bears at least one permanent negative charge or when it can be ionized to a negatively charged species, under the conditions of use of the composition of the invention (for example the medium or the pH) and not comprising any cationic charge.

[0045] Preferably, the anionic surfactant(s) are chosen from sulfate-type anionic surfactants.

[0046] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “sulfate-type anionic surfactant” means an anionic surfactant including one or more sulfate functions (- OSO3H or -OSO3 ).

[0047] Such surfactants may advantageously be chosen from alkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkylamido sulfates, alkylamido ether sulfates, alkylaryl polyether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates; and also salts thereof and mixtures thereof; the alkyl groups of these compounds notably including from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 8 to 26, and more preferentially from 10 to 22 carbon atoms; the aryl group preferably denoting a phenyl or benzyl group; these compounds possibly being polyoxyalkylenated, notably polyoxyethylenated, and preferably including from 1 to 50 ethylene oxide units, and more preferentially from 2 to 10 ethylene oxide units.

[0048] Preferably, the sulfate-type anionic surfactant(s) are chosen from:

[0049] - alkyl sulfates, notably Cs to C26, and preferably C10 to C22, alkyl sulfates; - alkyl ether sulfates, notably Cs to C26 and preferably C10 to C22 alkyl ether sulfates, preferably comprising from 2 to 10 ethylene oxide units; in particular in the form of salts, notably in the form of alkali metal, alkaline- earth metal, ammonium or amino alcohol salts, and mixtures thereof.

[0050] When the sulfate-type anionic surfactant(s) are in salt form, said salt may be chosen from alkali metal salts, such as the sodium or potassium salt, ammonium salts, amine salts and in particular amino alcohol salts, and alkaline-earth metal salts, such as the magnesium salt, and mixtures thereof.

[0051] Examples of amino alcohol salts that may be mentioned include monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine salts, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine or triisopropanolamine salts, 2-amino-2- methyl-1 -propanol salts, 2-amino-2-methyl-l,3-propanediol salts and tri s(hydroxymethyl)aminom ethane salts.

[0052] Alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts and in particular sodium or magnesium salts are preferably used.

[0053] Preferably, the anionic surfactant(s) of sulfate type are chosen from sodium, triethanolamine, magnesium or ammonium (Cio-C22)alkyl sulfates, sodium, triethanolamine, ammonium or magnesium (Cio-C22)alkyl ether sulfates, which are oxyethylenated, for example with 1 or 2.2 mol of ethylene oxide, and mixtures thereof.

[0054] Better still, the anionic surfactant(s) of sulfate type are chosen from sodium, triethanolamine, ammonium or magnesium (Cio-C22)alkyl sulfates or sodium, triethanolamine, ammonium or magnesium (Cio-C22)alkyl ether sulfates, such as the compounds sold under the name Texapon Z95P by the company BASF, having the INCI name Sodium lauryl sulfate, or Texapon N701 by the company BASF, having the INCI name Sodium laureth sulfate.

[0055] Even more preferentially, the anionic surfactant(s) of sulfate type are chosen from sodium, triethanolamine, ammonium or magnesium (C10-C22)alkyl ether sulfates, better still from sodium (C10-C22)alkyl ether sulfates, and mixtures thereof.

[0056] According to a preferred embodiment, the anionic surfactant(s) of sulfate type are chosen from sodium lauryl sulfate, ammonium lauryl sulfate, sodium lauryl ether sulfate, ammonium lauryl ether sulfate and mixtures thereof, more preferentially chosen from sodium lauryl ether sulfate.

[0057] Advantageously, the anionic surfactant(s), when they are present, are present in a total content ranging from 0.5% to 50% by weight, preferably from 2% to 30% by weight, more preferentially from 3% to 25% by weight, even more preferentially from 4% to 20% by weight, better still from 5% to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0058] Advantageously, the anionic surfactant(s) chosen from sulfate-type anionic surfactants, when they are present, are present in a total content ranging from 0.5% to 50% by weight, preferably from 2% to 30% by weight, more preferentially from 3% to 25% by weight, even more preferentially from 4% to 20% by weight, and better still from 5% to 15% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0059] Amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants

[0060] The amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) may notably be optionally quatemized secondary or tertiary aliphatic amine derivatives, in which the aliphatic group is a linear or branched chain including from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, said amine derivatives containing at least one anionic group, for instance a carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate group.

[0061] Preferably, these surfactants are not silicone surfactants.

[0062] Among the optionally quatemized derivatives of secondary or tertiary aliphatic amines that may be used, as defined above, mention may also be made of the compounds having the respective formulae (3) and (4) below: Ra-CONHCH2CH2-N+(Rb)(Rc)-CH2COO-, M+, X’ (3) in which:

[0063] - Rarepresents a Cio to C30 alkyl or alkenyl group derived from an acid RaCOOH preferably present in hydrolysed coconut kernel oil, or a heptyl, nonyl or undecyl group;

[0064] - Rb represents a P-hydroxyethyl group; and

[0065] - Re represents a carboxymethyl group;

[0066] - M+represents a cationic counterion derived from an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derived from an organic amine, and

[0067] - X' represents an organic or mineral anionic counterion, such as that chosen from halides, acetates, phosphates, nitrates, (Ci-C4)alkyl sulfates, (Ci-C4)alkyl- or (Ci- C4)alkylarylsulfonates, in particular methyl sulfate and ethyl sulfate; or alternatively M+and X~ are absent;

[0068] Ra-CONHCH2CH2-N(B)(B’) (4) in which:

[0069] - B represents the group -CH2CH2OX’; - B’ represents the group -(CH2)ZY’, with z = 1 or 2;

[0070] - X’ represents the group -CH2COOH, -CH2-COOZ’, -CH2CH2COOH or CH2CH2- COOZ’, or a hydrogen atom;

[0071] - Y’ represents the group -COOH, -COOZ’ or -CH2CH(OH)SO3H or the group CH2CH(OH)SO3-Z’;

[0072] - Z’ represents a cationic counterion derived from an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derived from an organic amine;

[0073] - Ra’ represents a C10 to C30 alkyl or alkenyl group of an acid Ra-COOH which is preferably present in hydrolysed linseed oil or coconut kernel oil, an alkyl group, notably a C17 alkyl group, and its iso form, or an unsaturated C17 group.

[0074] These compounds are classified in the CTFA dictionary, 5th edition, 1993, under the names disodium cocoamphodiacetate, disodium lauroamphodi acetate, disodium caprylamphodiacetate, disodium capryloamphodiacetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, disodium lauroamphodipropionate, disodium caprylamphodipropionate, disodium capryloamphodipropionate, lauroamphodipropionic acid and cocoamphodipropionic acid.

[0075] By way of example, mention may be made of the cocoamphodiacetate sold by the company Rhodia under the trade name Miranol® C2M Concentrate.

[0076] Use may also be made of the compounds of formula (5): Ra’-NHCH(Y”)-(CH2)nCONH(CH2)n’-N(Rd)(Re) (5) in which:

[0077] - Y” represents the group -COOH, -COOZ” or -CH2CH(OH)SO3H or the group CH2CH(OH)SO3-Z”;

[0078] - Rd and Re, independently of each other, represent a Ci to C4 alkyl or hydroxy alkyl radical;

[0079] - Z” represents a cationic counterion derived from an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derived from an organic amine;

[0080] - Ra" represents a C10 to C30 alkyl or alkenyl group of an acid Ra"-COOH which is preferably present in hydrolysed linseed oil or coconut kernel oil;

[0081] - n and n’ denote, independently of each other, an integer ranging from 1 to 3.

[0082] Among the compounds that may be used, mention may be made of the compound classified in the CTFA dictionary under the name sodium di ethylaminopropyl cocoaspartamide and sold by the company Chimex under the name Chimexane HB.

[0083] These compounds may be used alone or as mixtures. Preferably, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) are chosen, alone or as a mixture, from (C8-C2o)alkylbetaines, (C8-C2o)alkylsulfobetaines, (Cs- C2o)alkylamido(C3-C8)alkylbetaines and (C8-C2o)alkylamido(Ce-

[0084] C8)alkylsulfobetaines, and also the compounds of formulae (3), (4) and (5) as defined previously.

[0085] Advantageously, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) are chosen from (C8-C2o)alkylbetaines, (C8-C2o)alkylsulfobetaines, (C8-C2o)alkylamido(C3- C8)alkylbetaines, (C8-C2o)alkylamido(C6-C8)alkylsulfobetaines, and mixtures thereof, more preferentially chosen from (C8-C2o)alkylbetaines, (C8-C2o)alkylamido(C3- C8)alkylbetaines and mixtures thereof, even more preferentially from (Cs- C2o)alkylbetaines such as cocoyl betaine.

[0086] Advantageously, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s), when they are present, are present in a total content ranging from 0.1% to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.5% to 20% by weight, more preferentially from 0.75% to 15% by weight, even more preferentially from 1% to 10% by weight, better still from 2% to 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0087] Advantageously, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) chosen from (C8-C2o)alkylbetaines, (C8-C2o)alkylamido(C3-C8)alkylbetaines and mixtures thereof, when they are present, are present in a total content ranging from 0.1% to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.5% to 20%, more preferentially from 0.75% to 15% by weight, even more preferentially from 1% to 10% by weight, better still from 2% to 5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0088] Preferably, the composition according to the invention comprises at least one anionic surfactant, notably as defined above, and at least one amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant, notably as defined above.

[0089] Antioxidant agent d)

[0090] The composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one additional antioxidant agent d) different from the agent b).

[0091] Preferably, the additional antioxidant agent(s) d) are chosen from ascorbic acid, salts thereof and derivatives thereof, notably esters thereof, in particular ascorbyl palmitate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate and ascorbyl glucoside; retinol and esters thereof, in particular retinyl palmitate; butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylhydroxyanisole (BHA); N,N’-bis(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)ethylenediamine and salts thereof; erythorbic acid and salts thereof; baicalin; compounds corresponding to formula (F) below: in which:

[0092] - R is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, preferably substituted with one or more alkyl, hydroxyl, amino and / or thiol groups;

[0093] - R’ is a substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl chain comprising from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; and mixtures thereof.

[0094] Preferably the compound(s) of formula (F) are chosen from those for which:

[0095] - R is an aromatic ring substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups, more preferentially with a single hydroxyl group;

[0096] - R’ is a linear alkyl chain comprising from 1 to 15 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferentially from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, optionally substituted with one or more hydroxyl, amino and / or thiol groups.

[0097] As examples of preferred aromatic ketones, mention may be made of hydroxyacetophenones such as p-hydroxyacetophenone (or 4-hydroxyacetophenone), 2 -hydroxy acetophenone, 3 -hydroxy acetophenone, a-hydroxy acetophenone and mixtures thereof, more preferentially p-hydroxyacetophenone.

[0098] For the purposes of the present invention, the term “ascorbic acid derivatives” can be understood as meaning those obtained by blocking the hydroxyl site, notably by esterification or etherification with, for example, phosphate, sulfate or alkyl compounds. These may notably include magnesium ascorbyl phosphate, ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbyl glucoside.

[0099] The salts of ascorbic acid or erythorbic acid may be chosen from alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts, preferably alkali metal salts such as sodium or potassium salts.

[0100] Preferably, the antioxidant agent(s) d) are chosen from ascorbic acid, salts thereof and derivatives thereof, hydroxyacetophenones, in particular p- hydroxyacetophenone, and mixtures thereof, preferentially from hydroxyacetophenones, in particular p-hydroxyacetophenone, and mixtures thereof.

[0101] Advantageously, the total content of additional antioxidant agent(s) d) ranges from 0.1% to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 8% by weight, more preferentially from 0.5% to 5% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.5% to 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0102] Advantageously, the total content of hydroxyacetophenones, notably of p- hydroxyacetophenone, ranges from 0.1% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 10% by weight, more preferentially from 0.5% to 5% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.5% to 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0103] Preferably, the composition according to the invention comprises at least one antioxidant agent d), and the weight ratio (total content of agent(s) a) / total content of antioxidant agents b) and optional agents d)) is less than or equal to 1, preferably less than or equal to 0.9, more preferentially less than or equal to 0.8, better still ranges from 0.5 to 0.8.

[0104] In other words, the above weight ratio denotes the weight ratio between the content of agent a) and the sum of the contents of antioxidant agents b) and d), when the optional agent d) is present. Obviously, when agent d) is absent, the weight ratio is that defined by (total content of agent(s) a) / total content of antioxidant agents b)).

[0105] Cationic polymer

[0106] The composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one cationic polymer e).

[0107] The term “cationic polymer” means any polymer comprising cationic groups and / or groups that can be ionized to cationic groups. Preferably, the cationic polymer is hydrophilic or amphiphilic. The preferred cationic polymers are chosen from those that contain units including primary, secondary, tertiary and / or quaternary amine groups that may either form part of the main polymer chain or may be borne by a side substituent directly connected thereto. The cationic polymers are non-silicone polymers, i.e. they do not comprise any silicon atoms.

[0108] The cationic polymers that may be used preferably have a weight-average molar mass (Mw) of between 500 and 5* 106approximately and preferably between 103and 3* 106approximately.

[0109] Among the cationic polymers, mention may be made more particularly of:

[0110] (1) homopolymers or copolymers derived from acrylic or methacrylic esters or amides and including at least one of the units having the following formulae: in which:

[0111] - R3, which may be identical or different, denote a hydrogen atom or a CH3 radical;

[0112] - A, which may be identical or different, represent a linear or branched divalent alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably 2 or 3 carbon atoms, or a hydroxyalkyl group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms;

[0113] - R4, Rs and Re, which may be identical or different, represent an alkyl group containing from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a benzyl radical, and preferably an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

[0114] - Ri and R2, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably methyl or ethyl;

[0115] - X denotes an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid, such as a methosulfate anion or a halide such as chloride or bromide.

[0116] The copolymers of family (1) may also contain one or more units derived from comonomers that may be chosen from the family of acrylamides, methacrylamides, diacetone acrylamides, acrylamides and methacrylamides substituted on the nitrogen with lower (C1-C4) alkyls, acrylic or methacrylic acids or esters thereof, vinyllactams such as vinylpyrrolidone or vinylcaprolactam, and vinyl esters.

[0117] Among these copolymers of family (1), mention may be made of:

[0118] - copolymers of acrylamide and of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quatemized with dimethyl sulfate or with a dimethyl halide, such as the product sold under the name Hercofloc by the company Hercules,

[0119] - copolymers of acrylamide and of methacryloyloxy ethyltrimethylammonium chloride, such as the products sold under the name Bina Quat P 100 by the company Ciba Geigy, the copolymer of acrylamide and of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium methosulfate, such as the product sold under the name Reten by the company Hercules,

[0120] - quatemized or non-quatemized vinylpyrrolidone / dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate copolymers, such as the products sold under the name Gafquat by the company ISP, for instance Gafquat 734 or Gafquat 755, or alternatively the products known as Copolymer 845, 958 and 937. These polymers are described in detail in French patents 2 077 143 and 2 393 573; dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / vinylcaprolactam / vinylpyrrolidone terpolymers, such as the product sold under the name Gaffix VC 713 by the company ISP,

[0121] - vinylpyrrolidone / methacrylamidopropyldimethylamine copolymers, such as the products sold under the name Styleze CC 10 by ISP; quaternized vinylpyrrolidone / dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide copolymers such as the product sold under the name Gafquat HS 100 by the company ISP,

[0122] - preferably crosslinked polymers of methacryloyloxy(Cl-C4)alkyltri(Cl- C4)alkylammonium salts, such as the polymers obtained by homopolymerization of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quatemized with methyl chloride, or by copolymerization of acrylamide with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with methyl chloride, the homopolymerization or copolymerization being followed by crosslinking with an olefinically unsaturated compound, in particular methylenebisacrylamide. Use may be made more particularly of a crosslinked acrylamide / methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride copolymer (20 / 80 by weight) in the form of a dispersion comprising 50% by weight of said copolymer in mineral oil. This dispersion is sold under the name Salcare® SC 92 by the company Ciba. Use may also be made of a crosslinked methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride homopolymer comprising approximately 50% by weight of the homopolymer in mineral oil or in a liquid ester. These dispersions are sold under the names Salcare® SC 95 and Salcare® SC 96 by the company Ciba;

[0123] (2) cationic polysaccharides, notably cationic celluloses and galactomannan gums. Among the cationic polysaccharides, mention may be made more particularly of cellulose ether derivatives including quaternary ammonium groups, cationic cellulose copolymers or cellulose derivatives grafted with a water-soluble quaternary ammonium monomer and cationic galactomannan gums. The cellulose ether derivatives including quaternary ammonium groups are notably described in FR 1 492 597, and mention may be made of the polymers sold under the name Ucare Polymer JR (JR 400 LT, JR 125 and JR 30M) or LR (LR 400 and LR 30M) by the company Amerchol. These polymers are also defined in the CTFA dictionary as quaternary ammoniums of hydroxy ethylcellulose which has reacted with an epoxide substituted with a trimethylammonium group.

[0124] Cationic cellulose copolymers or cellulose derivatives grafted with a water- soluble quaternary ammonium monomer are described notably in patent US 4 131 576, and mention may be made of hydroxyalkyl celluloses, for instance hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl or hydroxypropyl celluloses notably grafted with a methacryloylethyltrimethylammonium, methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium or dimethyldiallylammonium salt. The commercial products corresponding to this definition are more particularly the products sold under the names Celquat L 200 and Celquat H 100 by the company National Starch.

[0125] Cationic galactomannan gums are described more particularly in patents US 3 589 578 and US 4 031 307, and mention may be made of guar gums comprising cationic tri alkyl ammonium groups. Use is made, for example, of guar gums modified with a 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium salt (for example a chloride). Such products are notably sold under the names Jaguar CB S, Jaguar C 15, Jaguar C 17 and Jaguar Cl 62 by the company Rhodia. Such compounds have the INCI name guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride or hydroxypropyl guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride;

[0126] (3) polymers formed from piperazinyl units and divalent alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radicals containing linear or branched chains, optionally interrupted with oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms or with aromatic or heterocyclic rings, and also the oxidation and / or quaternization products of these polymers;

[0127] (4) water-soluble polyaminoamides prepared in particular by polycondensation of an acidic compound with a polyamine; these polyaminoamides can be crosslinked with an epihalohydrin, a diepoxide, a dianhydride, an unsaturated dianhydride, a bis-unsaturated derivative, a bis-halohydrin, a bis-azetidinium, a bis- haloacyldiamine, a bis-alkyl halide or alternatively with an oligomer resulting from the reaction of a difunctional compound which is reactive with a bis-halohydrin, a bis- azetidinium, a bis-haloacyldiamine, a bis-alkyl halide, an epihalohydrin, a diepoxide or a bis-unsaturated derivative; the crosslinking agent being used in proportions ranging from 0.025 to 0.35 mol per amine group of the polyaminoamide; these polyaminoamides can be alkylated or, if they include one or more tertiary amine functions, they can be quaternized;

[0128] (5) polyaminoamide derivatives resulting from the condensation of polyalkylene polyamines with polycarboxylic acids followed by alkylation with difunctional agents. Mention may be made, for example, of adipic acid / dialkylaminohydroxyalkyldialkylenetriamine polymers in which the alkyl radical includes from 1 to 4 carbon atoms and preferably denotes methyl, ethyl or propyl. Among these derivatives, mention may be made more particularly of the adipic acid / dimethylaminohydroxypropyl / diethylenetriamine polymers sold under the name Cartaretine F, F4 or F8 by the company Sandoz;

[0129] (6) polymers obtained by reacting a polyalkylene polyamine including two primary amine groups and at least one secondary amine group with a dicarboxylic acid chosen from diglycolic acid and saturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acids containing from 3 to 8 carbon atoms; the mole ratio between the polyalkylene polyamine and the dicarboxylic acid preferably being between 0.8: 1 and 1.4: 1; the resulting polyaminoamide being reacted with epichlorohydrin in a mole ratio of epichlorohydrin relative to the secondary amine group of the polyaminoamide preferably of between 0.5: 1 and 1.8:1. Polymers of this type are sold in particular under the name Hercosett 57 by the company Hercules Inc. or under the name PD 170 or Delsette 01 by the company Hercules in the case of the adipic acid / epoxypropyl / diethylenetriamine copolymer.

[0130] (7) cyclopolymers of alkyldiallylamine or of dialkyldiallylammonium, such as the homopolymers or copolymers including, as main constituent of the chain, units corresponding to formula (I) or (II):

[0131] in which

[0132] - k and t are equal to 0 or 1, the sum k + 1 being equal to 1;

[0133] - R12 denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical;

[0134] - Rio and Rn, independently of each other, denote a Ci-Ce alkyl group, a Ci- Cs hydroxyalkyl group, a C1-C4 amidoalkyl group; or alternatively Rio and Rn may denote, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a heterocyclic group such as piperidinyl or morpholinyl; Rw and Rn, independently of each other, preferably denote a C1-C4 alkyl group;

[0135] - Y’ is an anion such as bromide, chloride, acetate, borate, citrate, tartrate, bisulfate, bisulfite, sulfate or phosphate.

[0136] Mention may be made more particularly of the dimethyldiallylammonium salt (for example chloride) homopolymer for example sold under the name Merquat 100 by the company Nalco, and the copolymers of diallyldimethylammonium salts (for example chloride) and of acrylamide, for example Polyquaternium-7. These copolymers of diallyldimethylammonium salts and of acrylamide may notably be sold under the name Merquat 550, Merquat 7SPR, Merquat 550PR or Flocare C107;

[0137] (8) quaternary diammonium polymers comprising repeating units of formula:

[0138] ^13 R15

[0139] - N+ -A1- NH- B1- (HI)

[0140] R14X’ R<6x' in which: - RB, R14, RIS and Ri6, which may be identical or different, represent aliphatic, alicyclic or arylaliphatic radicals comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or C1-C12 hydroxyalkyl aliphatic radicals, or else R13, R14, R15 and Ri6, together or separately, form, with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached, heterocycles optionally comprising a second nonnitrogen heteroatom; or else R13, R14, R15 and Ri6 represent a linear or branched Ci-Ce alkyl radical substituted with a nitrile, ester, acyl, amide or -CO-O-R17-D or -CO-NH-R17-D group, where R17 is an alkylene and D is a quaternary ammonium group;

[0141] - Ai and Bi represent linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, divalent polymethylene groups comprising from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, which may contain, linked to or intercalated in the main chain, one or more aromatic rings or one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms or sulfoxide, sulfone, disulfide, amino, alkylamino, hydroxyl, quaternary ammonium, ureido, amide or ester groups, and

[0142] - X' denotes an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid; it being understood that Ai, R13 and R15 can form, with the two nitrogen atoms to which they are attached, a piperazine ring; in addition, if Ai denotes a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radical, Bi may also denote a group (CH2)n-CO-D-OC- (CH2)p- with n and p, which may be identical or different, being integers ranging from 2 to 20, and D denoting: a) a glycol residue of formula -O-Z-O-, in which Z denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon-based radical or a group corresponding to one of the following formulae: -(CH2CH2O)X-CH2CH2- and -[CH2CH(CH3)O]y-CH2CH(CH3)-, in which x and y denote an integer from 1 to 4, representing a defined and unique degree of polymerization or any number from 1 to 4 representing an average degree of polymerization; b) a bis-secondary diamine residue such as a piperazine derivative; c) a bis-primary diamine residue of formula -NH-Y-NH-, in which Y denotes a linear or branched hydrocarbon-based radical, or the divalent radical -CH2- CH2-S-S-CH2-CH2-; d) a ureylene group of formula -NH-CO-NH-.

[0143] Preferably, X' is an anion such as chloride or bromide. These polymers have a number-average molar mass (Mn) generally of between 1000 and 100 000. Mention may be made more particularly of polymers which are constituted of repeating units corresponding to the formula: in which Ri, R2, R3 and R4, which may be identical or different, denote an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, n and p are integers ranging from 2 to 20, and X' is an anion derived from a mineral or organic acid.

[0144] A particularly preferred compound of formula (IV) is the one for which Ri, R2, R3 and R4 represent a methyl radical, n = 3, p = 6 and X = Cl, known as Hexadimethrine chloride according to the INCI (CTFA) nomenclature;

[0145] (9) polyquaternary ammonium polymers comprising units of formula (V): in which:

[0146] - Ris, R19, R20 and R21, which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl, ethyl, propyl, P-hydroxyethyl, P-hydroxypropyl or -CH2CH2(OCH2CH2)POH radical, in which p is equal to 0 or to an integer between 1 and 6, with the proviso that Ris, R19, R20 and R21 do not simultaneously represent a hydrogen atom and

[0147] - r and s, which may be identical or different, are integers between 1 and 6,

[0148] - q is equal to 0 or to an integer between 1 and 34,

[0149] - X~ denotes an anion, such as a halide,

[0150] - A denotes a divalent dihalide radical or preferably represents -CH2-CH2-O- CH2-CH2-.

[0151] Examples that may be mentioned include the products Mirapol® A 15, Mirapol® ADI, Mirapol® AZ1 and Mirapol® 175 sold by the company Miranol;

[0152] (10) quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and of vinylimidazole, for instance the products sold under the names Luviquat® FC 905, FC 550 and FC 370 by the company BASF; (11) polyamines such as Polyquart® H sold by Cognis, referred to under the name Polyethylene glycol (15) tallow polyamine in the CTFA dictionary;

[0153] (12) polymers including in their structure:

[0154] (a) one or more units corresponding to formula (A) below:

[0155] — CH- — CH—

[0156] NH2

[0157] (b) optionally one or more units corresponding to formula (B) below:

[0158] In other words, these polymers may notably be chosen from homopolymers or copolymers including one or more units derived from vinylamine and optionally one or more units derived from vinylformamide.

[0159] Preferably, these cationic polymers are chosen from polymers including, in their structure, from 5 mol% to 100 mol% of units corresponding to formula (A) and from 0 to 95 mol% of units corresponding to formula (B), preferentially from 10 mol% to 100 mol% of units corresponding to formula (A) and from 0 to 90 mol% of units corresponding to formula (B).

[0160] These polymers may be obtained, for example, by partial hydrolysis of polyvinylformamide. This hydrolysis may take place in acidic or basic medium.

[0161] The weight-average molecular mass of said polymer, measured by light scattering, may range from 1000 to 3 000 000 g / mol, preferably from 10 000 to 1 000 000 and more particularly from 100 000 to 500 000 g / mol.

[0162] The polymers including units of formula (A) and optionally units of formula (B) are notably sold under the name Lupamin by the company BASF; for instance, in a non-limiting manner, the products sold under the names Lupamin 9095, Lupamin 5095, Lupamin 1095, Lupamin 9030 (or Luviquat 9030) and Lupamin 9010.

[0163] Other cationic polymers that may be used in the context of the invention are cationic proteins or cationic protein hydrolysates, polyalkyleneimines, in particular polyethyleneimines, polymers comprising vinylpyridine or vinylpyridinium units, condensates of polyamines and of epichlorohydrin, quaternary polyureylenes and chitin derivatives. Preferably, the cationic polymers are chosen from those of families (1), (2), (7) and (10) mentioned above.

[0164] Among the cationic polymers mentioned above, the ones that may preferably be used are cationic polysaccharides, notably cationic celluloses and cationic galactomannan gums, and in particular quaternary cellulose ether derivatives such as the products sold under the name JR 400 by the company Amerchol, or guar gums comprising cationic trialkylammonium groups, cationic cyclopolymers, in particular dimethyldiallylammonium salt (for example chloride) homopolymers or copolymers, sold under the names Merquat 100, Merquat 550 and Merquat S by the company Nalco, quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and of vinylimidazole, optionally crosslinked homopolymers or copolymers of methacryloyloxy(Cl-C4)alkyltri(Cl- C4)alkylammonium salts; and mixtures thereof.

[0165] Preferably, the cationic polymer(s), when they are present in the composition, are chosen from cationic polysaccharides and mixtures thereof, preferentially from cationic galactomannan gums and mixtures thereof, more preferentially from cationic guar gums and mixtures thereof.

[0166] Advantageously, the total content of the cationic polymer(s) ranges from 0.01% to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.05% to 5% by weight, more preferentially from 0.1% to 1% by weight, better still from 0.1% to 0.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0167] Advantageously, the total content of the cationic polymer(s) chosen from cationic polysaccharides and mixtures thereof ranges from 0.01% to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.05% to 5% by weight, more preferentially from 0.1% to 1% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.1% to 0.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0168] Advantageously, the total content of the cationic polymer(s) chosen from cationic guar gums and mixtures thereof ranges from 0.01% to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.05% to 5% by weight, more preferentially from 0.1% to 1% by weight, better still from 0.1% to 0.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0169] The composition according to the invention may also comprise at least one organic solvent.

[0170] Examples of organic solvents that may be mentioned include C1-C4 lower alkanols, such as ethanol and isopropanol; polyols and polyol ethers, for instance 2- butoxy ethanol, 1,2-hexanediol, propylene glycol, pentylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether and monoethyl ether, and also aromatic alcohols, notably aromatic monoalcohols, for instance benzyl alcohol or phenoxyethanol, and mixtures thereof.

[0171] The organic solvents may be present in a total amount of between 0.01% and 15% by weight, preferably between 0.05% and 10% by weight, more preferentially between 0.1% and 5% by weight, even more preferentially between 0.1% and 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0172] The composition according to the invention may comprise water, preferably in a content ranging from 40% to 95% by weight, better still from 60% to 92% by weight, even better still from 70% to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

[0173] Additives

[0174] The composition according to the invention may contain any adjuvant or additive usually used.

[0175] Among the additives that may be used, mention may be made of reducing agents, softeners, moisturizers, UV-screening agents, solubilizers, fragrances, proteins, vitamins, polymers other than cationic polymers, preserving agents, fatty substances and mixtures thereof.

[0176] The pH of the composition according to the invention, when it is aqueous, advantageously ranges from 5 to 9, preferably from 6 to 8 and more preferentially from 6.5 to 7.5.

[0177] The pH of the composition may be adjusted to the desired value by means of basifying agents or acidifying agents that are customarily used. Among the basifying agents, examples that may be mentioned include aqueous ammonia, alkanolamines, and mineral or organic hydroxides. Among the acidifying agents, examples that may be mentioned include mineral or organic acids, for instance hydrochloric acid, orthophosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, carboxylic acids, for instance acetic acid, and sulfonic acids.

[0178] A subject of the present invention is also a process for the cosmetic treatment preferably of keratin materials, in particular of human keratin materials such as the scalp, and the hair, comprising the application to said keratin materials of the composition according to the invention. Another subject of the invention is the use of the composition according to the invention for the cosmetic treatment notably of keratin materials, in particular of human keratin materials such as the scalp, and the hair.

[0179] Another subject of the present invention is the use of the composition according to the invention for maintaining, even restoring the balance of the scalp’s microbial flora.

[0180] The present invention will now be described more specifically by means of examples, which do not in any way limit the scope of the invention. However, the examples make it possible to support specific features, variants and preferred embodiments of the invention.

[0181] EXAMPLES

[0182] Example 1 Compositions Al to A5 as described in Table 1 below were prepared: the amounts are expressed as g of active material (g AM), unless otherwise mentioned.

[0183] [Table 1]

[0184] Thus, compositions Al, A2 and A3 are compositions according to the invention. Compositions A4 and A5 are comparative compositions.

[0185] Smooth touch evaluation

[0186] Compositions Al, A2 and A4 were applied to locks of moderately bleached Caucasian hair, previously washed with shampoo and rinsed (1 g locks, 27 cm).

[0187] Next, 0.4 g of composition was applied per g of hair and rinsed; the locks were then oven-dried (15 minutes, 60°C), and the measurement was then performed.

[0188] The method consists in measuring the frictional forces of a lock as it moves (in the root / tip direction) at constant speed, between two pads gripping it at constant compression. This method thus makes it possible to evaluate the “smooth feel” by mimicking the passage of two fingers along a lock of hair.

[0189] The lower the forces required to travel the length of the lock, the smoother the hair’s surface state.

[0190] The measurements are performed on six locks each time.

[0191] Results relating to the smooth feel are summarized in Table 2 below (average force in Newtons (N)). Table 2]

[0192] Furthermore, an Anova Tukey statistical test leads to p-values of 0.03 (Al vs A4) and 0.02 (A2 vs A4).

[0193] Compositions Al and A2 according to the invention result in significantly lower average forces than the comparative composition A4, and thus in a smoother feel. Example 2

[0194] Compositions B and C as described in Table 3 below were prepared: the amounts are expressed as g of active material (g AM), unless otherwise mentioned. [Table 3]

[0195] Thus, composition B is a composition according to the invention. Composition C is a comparative composition. Protocol

[0196] Each of the compositions B and C was applied to locks of natural Caucasian hair, which have previously been made wet, at a rate of 0.4g of composition per gram of hair.

[0197] The hair was kneaded between the fingers for 15 seconds from root to tip in 6 passages. After a 1 -minute pause, the locks were rinsed for 10 seconds under running tap water (flow rate 300 L / h, temperature of 35°C). Then, five experts blindly assessed the detangling and suppleness performance of wet hair, on a scale from 0 (poor) to 5 (very good) (scale increment of 0.5).

[0198] Detangling evaluation

[0199] The level of detangling was assessed on wet hair using the comb-through test.

[0200] The expert used a fine comb to comb a lock of hair from top to bottom. Said expert assesses the comb's ability to pass through the lock. The earlier it blocks, the more difficult the lock is to detangle.

[0201] The results are collated in Table 4 below.

[0202] [Table 4]

[0203] Suppleness evaluation

[0204] Suppleness was evaluated by touch. The expert grasps the hair with his full hand and tries to bend it. Said expert assesses the hair's ability to bend easily, its malleability.

[0205] The results are collated in Table 5 below.

[0206] [Table 5]

[0207] It is clear from the tables above that the locks of hair treated by composition B according to the invention have an improved detangling and suppleness in comparison with those treated by the comparative composition C. According to Kramer's tables, the performance is significantly better for locks treated by composition B according to the invention (Kramer A, Food technology, december 1963, pl24-125).

[0208] Indeed, in 100% of cases, composition B was judged superior to composition C in terms of detangling and suppleness.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Composition comprising: a) at least one agent chosen from acids comprising at least one linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic chain containing from 3 to 5 carbon atoms and salts thereof; b) at least 0.2% by weight of at least one antioxidant agent chosen from tocopherol and esters thereof, relative to the total weight of the composition; and c) at least one surfactant chosen from anionic surfactants, amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants and mixtures thereof.

2. Composition according to Claim 1, characterized in that the agent a) is chosen from propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, salts thereof and mixtures thereof, preferably from salts of propionic acid, more preferably from calcium salts, sodium salts, magnesium salts, potassium salts of propionic acid and mixtures thereof, more preferentially from sodium propionate.

3. Composition according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the total content of the agent(s) a) ranges from 0.1% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 10% by weight, more preferentially from 0.5% to 5% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.5% to 3% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

4. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the total content of the agent(s) b) ranges from 0.2% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.2% to 10% by weight, more preferentially from 0.3% to 5% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.4% to 3% by weight, better still from 0.5% to 1% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

5. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the weight ratio (total content of agent(s) a) / total content of agent(s) b)) is greater than or equal to 1, preferably strictly greater than 1, more preferentially greater than or equal to 1.2, even more preferentially ranging from 1.2 to 10, better still from 1.2 to 5.

6. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anionic surfactant(s) are chosen from sulfate-type anionic surfactants, preferably from sodium, triethanolamine, magnesium or ammonium (C10-C22)alkyl sulfates, sodium, triethanolamine, ammonium or magnesium (C10-C22)alkyl ether sulfates, which are oxyethylenated, and mixtures thereof, more preferentially from sodium (C10-C22)alkyl ether sulfates and mixtures thereof.

7. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the anionic surfactant(s) are present in a total content ranging from 0.5% to 50% by weight, preferably from 2% to 30% by weight, more preferentially from 3% to 25% by weight, even more preferentially from 4% to 20% by weight, better still from 5% to 15% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

8. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) are chosen from (Cs- C2o)alkylbetaines, (C8-C2o)alkylsulfobetaines, (C8-C2o)alkylamido(C3- C8)alkylbetaines, (C8-C2o)alkylamido(C6-C8)alkylsulfobetaines, and mixtures thereof, more preferentially chosen from (C8-C2o)alkylbetaines, (C8-C2o)alkylamido(C3- C8)alkylbetaines and mixtures thereof, even more preferentially from (Cs- C2o)alkylbetaines and mixtures thereof.

9. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) are present in a total content ranging from 0.1% to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.5% to 20% by weight, more preferentially from 0.75% to 15% by weight, even more preferentially from 1% to 10% by weight, better still from 2% to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

10. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also comprises at least one additional antioxidant agent d) different from the agent b), preferably chosen from ascorbic acid, salts thereof and derivatives thereof, retinol and esters thereof, butylhydroxytoluene and butylhydroxyanisole, N,N’- bis(3,4,5-trimethoxybenzyl)ethylenediamine and salts thereof, erythorbic acid and salts thereof, baicalin; compounds corresponding to formula (F) below:in which:- R is a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic ring, preferably substituted with one or more alkyl, hydroxyl, amino and / or thiol groups;- R’ is a substituted or unsubstituted linear, branched or cyclic alkyl chain comprising from 1 to 15 carbon atoms; preferably from hydroxyacetophenones; and mixtures thereof, preferably from hydroxyacetophenones, in particular p-hydroxyacetophenone, and mixtures thereof.

11. Composition according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the total content of additional antioxidant agent(s) d) ranges from 0.1% to 20% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 10% by weight, more preferentially from 0.5% to 5% by weight, even more preferentially from 0.5% to 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition.

12. Composition according to Claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the weight ratio (agent a) / antioxidant agents b) and additional agents d)) is less than or equal to 1, preferably less than or equal to 0.9, more preferentially less than or equal to 0.8, better still ranges from 0.5 to 0.8.

13. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also comprises at least one cationic polymer e), preferably chosen from cationic polysaccharides and mixtures thereof, preferentially from cationic galactomannan gums and mixtures thereof, more preferentially from cationic guar gums and mixtures thereof.

14. Cosmetic process preferably for treating keratin materials, in particular human keratin materials such as the scalp and the hair, comprising the application to said keratin materials of at least one composition as defined in any one of the preceding claims.

15. Use of at least one composition as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 13, for cosmetic treatment, notably of keratin materials, in particular of human keratin materials such as the scalp and the hair.

16. Use of at least one composition as defined in any one of Claims 1 to 13, for maintaining, even restoring the balance of the scalp’s microbial flora.

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