Wastecutscan drone

Abstract

The UAV system in this patent utilizes cutting-edge IoT technologies for a transformative impact. It integrates diverse sensors like remote sensing, barometric pressure, motion, and 3D cameras to gather crucial environmental data such as temperature, humidity, and gas levels. This data enhances decision-making and environmental assessments. Complementing this is a robust onboard computer for extensive data processing and storage. Advanced IoT software manages and analyzes data, employing machine learning and augmented reality for predictive maintenance and operational enhancements. For communication, it blends wireless networks and high-speed internet access, including 5G technology for rapid data transfer. The air navigation system relies on GPS, motion sensors, and advanced navigation systems for precise location determination. An AI-driven guidance system optimizes flight paths, with encryption and access controls ensuring data security. An automated control system continuously monitors drone performance, allowing human intervention when needed.

Description

[0001] WasteCutScan Drone

[0002] Detailed Description

[0003] The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) device and its automated system (100) are used for waste management and for identifying, analyzing, classifying, and evaluating the physical and chemical properties of wastes, metals, primary environmental elements (water and soil), and various other materials, whether they are on the surface of the earth, 5 underground, on the sea surface, or underwater. The device operates to prepare and reduce the size and shape of wastes, metals, and other materials mechanically using cutting, water, and laser techniques. The UAV device comprises:

[0004] Figure 1 :

[0005] A. Different sensing devices(lOl) . 10

[0006] B. Automated cutting and slicing device using laser(134) .

[0007] C. Automated cutting and slicing device using water(142) .

[0008] D. Automated control and operation device(178) .

[0009] Figure:(l)

[0010] The various sensing devices (101) consist of an array of integrated or standalone 15 technologies as needed. These aim to enhance the drone's capabilities in identifying, analyzing, classifying, and autonomously evaluating all the physical and chemical properties of wastes, metals, primary environmental elements (water-soil), and other materials. They provide high-efficiency and precise digital information, enabling various decisions to be made and actions to be taken with extreme effectiveness, efficiency, and 20 accuracy.

[0011] Figure:(2)

[0012] The integrated technologies in the various sensing devices encompass the following: Three-Dimensional Monitoring Technology (3DMT) (102): The 3DMT provides a comprehensive and detailed three-dimensional view of the locations, shapes, movements, 25 and characteristics of wastes, metals, primary environmental elements (water-soil), and other materials within the detection area. It captures and visualizes details, structures, densities, and internal configurations of the materials. Additionally, it precisely determines the flight path of the UAV for effective and accurate operation.

[0013] 30

[0014] The three-dimensional monitoring technique relies on the following tools and devices: X-ray Transmission and Reception Device (103): Used to produce, direct, and transmit X- rays to the detection area. The X-rays interact directly with the materials to be examined, causing the X-rays to scatter and be absorbed within the various materials such as waste, metals, soil, water, and other substances. This is based on the distinct and varied interaction of each material and its ability to absorb X-rays in varying amounts. The 5 absorbed and reflected X-rays are then received and recorded, carrying diverse information about the interaction of X-rays with different materials in the detection area, such as X-ray absorption coefficients and scattering, among other important information. The absorbed and reflected X-ray quantities are measured and converted into electrical signals, providing various information about the physical and chemical properties of wastes, metals, primary 10 environmental elements (water-soil), and other materials. This includes information like density, composition, volume, dimensions, soil quality indicators, pollution detection, water quality indicators, pollution detection, and more.

[0015] 3D Camera Integrated with X-ray, Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality Technologies, and 15 Connected to the Internet and Artificial Intelligence (104): The "X-ray 3D imaging" technique is used with the 3D camera, where the camera uses X-rays to capture three- dimensional images and videos, penetrating the material to be imaged, providing analyzable data and three-dimensional images of objects and internal structures. This gives various information about the physical and chemical properties of wastes, metals, primary 20 environmental elements (water-soil), and other materials. This includes information such as structures, shapes, locations, soil quality indicators, pollution detection, water quality indicators, pollution detection, and more.

[0016] The three-dimensional monitoring technique can also use the following tools and devices: 25

[0017] Infrared Laser Sensors (105), and various Laser Sensors (106). The infrared laser sensors and various laser sensors send laser beams with specific wavelengths produced by the laser beam production device (107). These beams are directed at the area to be examined, and then, the laser beam receiver (108) converts and analyzes the received laser light into an electrical signal. It measures reflections and deviations in the emitted rays from the 30 detection area, providing detailed and diverse information about the materials in the detection area and measuring changes in the electromagnetic spectrum of the emitted light from the detection area.

[0018] Subsequently, the work continues in the Processing and Storage Unit (109): Using dedicated software and servers that convert all electrical and other signals from the tools and devices used in the various sensing devices into digital signals. The signals sent and 5 received, images, and captured videos are processed, analyzed, organized, classified, and enhanced or compared with the database. This is done using various artificial intelligence models and techniques, and advanced and multiple algorithms to determine the properties interacting with different materials. This includes density, internal structure, constituent elements, determining patterns and features related to different materials, comparing the 10 spectral patterns obtained from X-rays and lasers with the database to determine the type, and using data related to the absorbed and reflected ray quantities to calculate the actual weight of the material being measured, among other various and diverse processes that achieve the objectives of the Processing and Storage Unit and the various sensing devices .(101) 15

[0019] The processing and storage unit is used to store the data and information necessary to determine, analyze, classify, and evaluate the physical and chemical properties. Different types of storage units can be used, such as Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or Solid-State Drive (SSD) to meet storage needs.

[0020] The processing and storage unit uses various artificial intelligence techniques, either by 20 integrating some techniques with each other or using one as needed, as follows: (Deep Learning Technique (110): Used to improve the quality of captured images and videos, analyze large datasets produced by the camera, laser sensors, and X-ray devices, and identify patterns and distinct characteristics of different materials. Machine Learning

[0021] Technique (111): Used to predict information related to objects or materials present in the 25 captured image and the data reflected from the X-rays and lasers in them. Multi-task Neural Network or Deep Learning Technique (112): Used to analyze sensor data, classify wastes, metals, primary environmental elements (water-soil), and other different materials.

[0022] Image Processing and Analysis Technique (113): Used to analyze images produced by laser sensors and infrared laser sensors, determining the shapes, sizes, and weights of 30 different materials. Shape and Edge Detection Technique (114): Used to identify edges and shapes in captured images and videos. Pattern Recognition Technique (115): Used to analyze and understand captured images and videos, understand reflected radiation data, and identify patterns in them. Intelligent Analysis Technique (116): Used to analyze and process incoming data, interpret existing patterns, and identify materials or objects present in the X-ray captured image.

[0023] 5

[0024] The results of the processing and storage unit in the three-dimensional monitoring technology are to determine, analyze, classify, and evaluate the physical properties of waste, metals, primary environmental elements (water-soil), and other materials, including: (Temperature, pH, identification of type, weight, and quantity of various mixed wastes and metals at one time and place, determination of weight of soil, impurities, and rust inside 10 and outside wastes, metals, and metal objects, determination of three-dimensional shapes and dimensions of objects and materials, high-precision measurement of distances, areas, and volumes, distinguishing mixed and different objects from each other, analyzing the internal structures of materials, detecting defects, monitoring and analyzing the movement of objects and temporal changes, enabling verification of structures and technical 15 specifications of objects and materials, indicators measuring water quality and pollution detection, indicators measuring soil quality and pollution detection, and others).

[0025] Automatically and autonomously, the chemical properties of waste, metals, primary environmental elements (water-soil), and other materials are also determined, analyzed, 20 classified, and evaluated, including: (Identifying the type of waste, metals, and other different materials, determining the chemical composition of materials and compounds, detecting and distinguishing different chemical substances, measuring chemical concentrations, determining physical properties related to chemical properties, such as viscosity and acidity, water quality indicators and pollution detection, soil quality 25 indicators and pollution detection, and others).

[0026] Automatically and autonomously, the components and structures specific to waste, metals, primary environmental elements (water-soil), and other different materials are also determined and analyzed, including: (Determining the type and composition of wastes 30

[0027] (organic, inorganic) and metals and other different materials, identifying the type of soil and impurities inside and outside wastes, metals, and metal objects, distinguishing different metals and determining their chemical and crystalline structures, detecting chemical substances in wastes, such as Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals, and determining concentrations of chemical components in wastes and metals, determining the internal structures of wastes and metals in three-dimensional images, and others).

[0028] The second technology integrated into various sensing devices (101) is the 3D sensing 5 technology (117). The 3D sensing technology measures direct distances (horizontal, vertical, and depth), identifies shapes and patterns of the surrounding environment, and collects detailed data and various properties in three-dimensional form from all types of waste, metals, primary environmental elements (water-soil), and other materials in the detection area. 10

[0029] The 3D sensing technology relies on the following tools and devices:

[0030] Laser transmission and reception device (118): Used to transmit a laser beam with a specific wavelength towards the desired detection area. It determines the distance between 15 the laser beam source (drone device) and the materials in the detection area. The process is repeated to obtain a set of interactive three-dimensional data points with different materials. Afterward, it receives the reflected laser beams from the inspected materials, measures the beam reflection time, records the signals resulting from the interaction between the laser beam and the inspected materials, and converts them into a three- 20 dimensional model and information. This provides detailed information about the materials in the detection area and their physical and chemical properties, including, for example, chemical composition, refraction, reflection, distances, internal structure (crystal structures, internal composition, size, and dimensions), soil quality indicators, water quality indicators, and more. 25

[0031] 3D camera integrated with lasers and equipped with virtual and augmented reality technologies, connected to the internet and artificial intelligence (119): Receives reflected laser beams from different materials and converts them into processable signals. It analyzes the received signal using the integrated computer in the camera, digital processing 30 techniques, computer vision, or the 3D sensing processing and storage unit. Then, it extracts three-dimensional images and information about the materials in the inspection area and their physical and chemical properties.

[0032] The 3D sensing technology also relies on:

[0033] Environmental sensors (120): Such as temperature sensors, humidity sensors, pressure 5 sensors, sound sensors, vibration sensors, etc., which interact with the environmental surroundings to obtain information about the surrounding environmental conditions.

[0034] Processing and storage unit (121): Using specialized software and servers, it converts all electrical signals and other returned signals from the tools and devices used in various 10 sensing devices into digital signals. It then analyzes the transmitted and returned signals, captured images, and videos, processes, analyzes, arranges, classifies, and improves their accuracy or compares them with a database using various artificial intelligence models, techniques, and advanced algorithms to determine object size, weight, thickness, identify shapes, features, distinguish between waste, metals, and other materials, and achieve the 15 goals of the processing and storage unit and various sensing devices. (101)

[0035] The processing and storage unit stores the necessary data and information to determine, analyze, classify, and evaluate physical and chemical properties. Various storage units like Hard Disk Drives (HDD) or Solid-State Drives (SSD) can be used to meet storage needs. 20

[0036] The processing and storage unit uses various artificial intelligence techniques either by integrating some techniques together or using one as needed, as follows:

[0037] Deep learning technique (122): Relies on deep artificial neural networks to process 25 complex patterns in data and the surrounding environment of the drone, classify information, analyze it, and learn advanced representations.

[0038] Machine learning or self-adaptive technique (123): Used to analyze and classify data extracted from 3D sensing, identify patterns and shapes in the data, train the drone autonomously to learn and make appropriate decisions based on 3D sensing data, and achieve specific goals such as identifying the type and weight of waste and classifying it. Image processing and computer vision technique (124): Used to analyze 3D images and determine shapes, structures, and information in the inspected area.

[0039] Artificial neural networks technique (125): Used to process, classify, and analyze complex 5 data extracted from the camera and sensors.

[0040] To have the results of the processing and storage unit in three-dimensional sensing technology is to determine, analyze, classify, and evaluate the physical properties of waste, metals, and primary environmental elements (water-soil) and other various materials, including: (determining the type, weight, and quantity of various mixed waste and metals 10 in one time and place, determining the weight of dust, debris, and rust inside and outside waste and metals, determining the shapes, sizes, distances, patterns, and three-dimensional dimensions of bodies and materials, determining color properties and optical effects, determining density and calculating mass, determining the apparent density of accumulated materials like volumetric mass of waste arranged somewhere, providing detailed 15 information about terrains and objects, geological survey, environmental monitoring indicators, water quality indicators and pollution detection - soil quality indicators and pollution detection).

[0041] Also, automatically determining, analyzing, classifying, and evaluating the chemical 20 properties of waste, metals, and other various materials, including: (determining the type, weight, and quantity of various mixed waste and metals in one time and place, determining the chemical composition, determining the chemical compounds of waste, metals, and other materials, determining the relative concentrations of chemical compounds, other chemical properties such as acidity, alkalinity, and other chemical indicators - water 25 quality indicators and pollution detection, soil quality indicators and pollution detection).

[0042] Additionally, automatically determining and analyzing the components and structures related to waste, metals, and other various materials, including: (determining the type, composition, and components of waste (organic, inorganic), metals, and various materials, 30 determining the type of dust and impurities inside and outside waste and metals, distinguishing different metals and determining their chemical and crystalline structures, detecting chemical substances in waste, such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals).

[0043] The third technology integrated into various sensing devices is: Electromagnetic Spectrum Technology, which works on determining, analyzing, classifying, and evaluating the 5 physical and chemical properties of waste, metals, and primary environmental elements (water-soil), determining their locations, and providing detailed information such as density, chemical composition, crystalline structure, water quality indicators, soil quality indicators, and others.

[0044] 10

[0045] The electromagnetic spectrum technology relies on the following tools and devices:

[0046] Electromagnetic radiation transmitter and receiver: Used to generate and send appropriate electromagnetic rays towards the detection area, allowing the determination of information about the electromagnetic spectrum interacting with the substance. 15

[0047] Spectrum analyzer: Used to analyze and measure the electromagnetic signals received from the transmitter and receiver device to determine the spectral pattern, transforming signals into interpretable information, extracting necessary information from it, such as material composition, determining the weight of waste, metals, and others. 20

[0048] Then, working in the processing and storage unit:

[0049] Using specialized software and servers to perform determining, analyzing, classifying, evaluating, processing, improving accuracy, arranging, and classifying extracted data more accurately, comparing the recorded spectral pattern with the known database of waste and metals, using machine learning techniques to classify material based on acquired patterns 25 and using data related to the amount of absorbed or reflected radiation to estimate the approximate weight of the material to be measured.

[0050] Different artificial intelligence techniques are used or integrated as needed, such as: Machine learning technology: Used to recognize patterns and smartly process received signals. Artificial Neural Networks: Used to process data, extract patterns, recognize shapes, and classify. Deep Learning: Used to process highly complex data and extract essential information from received or sensed electromagnetic signals.

[0051] To have the results of the processing and storage unit in electromagnetic spectrum technology is to determine, analyze, classify, and evaluate the physical properties of waste, metals, and various other materials, including: (determining the type, weight, and quantity 5 of various mixed waste and metals in one time and place, determining the weight of dust, debris, and rust inside and outside waste and metals, determining the three-dimensional shapes and dimensions of bodies and materials, measuring distances, areas, and volumes with high precision, distinguishing mixed and different bodies from each other, analyzing internal structures of materials, detecting deformities and defects, monitoring and 10 analyzing body movements and temporal changes, enabling verification of structures and technical specifications of bodies and materials, water quality indicators and pollution detection, soil quality indicators and pollution detection, and others).

[0052] Additionally, automatically determining, analyzing, and evaluating the chemical properties 15 of waste, metals, and various other materials, including: (determining the type, weight, and quantity of various mixed waste and metals in one time and place, determining the chemical composition of materials and compounds, detecting and distinguishing different chemical substances, measuring chemical compound concentrations, determining physical properties associated with chemical properties, such as density, viscosity, acidity level, 20 water quality indicators and pollution detection, soil quality indicators and pollution detection).

[0053] The main integrated control, processing, and modeling unit with artificial intelligence (133): It is a unit for central processing responsible for executing and running programs and algorithms controlling the processes of identification, analysis, classification, and 25 evaluation. Data is collected and processed from processing and storage units number (109), (121), (129), and ensured, and the operation of various sensing devices number (101) is carried out, providing detailed data for all different devices and systems in the unmanned aircraft (100), including (Internet of Things system, communication system, cutting and cutting systems, etc.). 30

[0054] The main integrated control, processing, and modeling unit with artificial intelligence (133): Represents the data and results from various sensing devices such as: (noise level data modeling, gas distribution prediction data modeling, waste accumulation data modeling, waste state data modeling, and others). This is done using data analysis software and mathematical computer models aiming to understand and predict the behavior of environmental systems and assess the impact of human interventions, aiding in making 5 sustainable and effective environmental decisions.

[0055] After the process of identification, analysis, classification, and evaluation of the physical and chemical properties of all types of waste, metals, primary environmental elements (water - soil), and other various materials, and determining their detailed data through 10 various sensing devices (101), work is then carried out on implementing various waste management and recycling operations, including preparation, sorting, reducing the size and shape of waste, metals, and other materials requiring cutting and cutting operations through the cutting and cutting systems in the unmanned aircraft (100), including the laser cutting and cutting device (134): which is characterized by its ability to cut and process waste, 15 metals, and various other materials of large and small shapes, sizes, and thicknesses. The laser cutting and cutting device can use all types of lasers and integrate some types of lasers with each other as needed, aiding in the cutting and processing of various shapes and types and achieving compatibility with any type of different materials and metals, whether in thickness or shapes as needed. In the current model of the unmanned aircraft (100), a 20 high-power CO2 optical fiber laser is used, known for its high precision and speed in directing laser energy, allowing for extremely fast and clean cuts, with low energy consumption and minimal maintenance. Figure.(3)

[0056] The laser cutting and cutting device consists of a set of tools and devices, as follows: 25

[0057] Fiber optic laser device, self-contained or connected (135): It is the main device that produces laser energy and controls the various laser settings. It consists of laser diodes, mirrors, and other electronic devices. The fiber optic laser device converts electrical energy into high-density light energy, which is then used to stimulate ions in the fiber optic laser device and produce a high-intensity and precise laser beam. The laser energy is transferred 30 from the laser device to the cutting head via a flexible or connected cable.

[0058] Cutting head (136): It is a device installed in the model of the unmanned aircraft and contains ultra-narrow focus lenses and a set of optimized mirrors and optical lenses that achieve speed and quality in cutting and cutting operations. It also helps focus the laser energy and beam at a small point to achieve extreme accuracy and minimize distortions of the resulting cut during the cutting and processing operation. The rotating cutting head operates with high flexibility and a 360-degree angle, directing the cutting head and laser 5 energy to the material to be cut based on the artificial intelligence-equipped control and processing unit in the laser cutting and cutting device, Cooling and temperature control device (137): A device used to cool the laser and maintain it at an appropriate temperature to ensure continuous and reliable performance. It consists of a water tank, a pump for water flow inside the device, cooling, and hoses for transporting water. The device is also 10 used to measure the laser temperature, control its temperature, and ensure it is maintained at the specified level. The device consists of a temperature sensor and an electronic control device. Self-contained or connected power source (138): The laser requires sufficient power to operate, which may be provided through available power sources in the unmanned aircraft or by an external generator or a flexible, easy-to-move cable, allowing 15 the unmanned aircraft to operate efficiently and freely. Remote-controlled automatic control and processing unit equipped with artificial intelligence (139): Operates through special software and servers that adjust the laser power and direct the cutting head movement and adjust the cutting speed during operation. It also works directly and automatically with all devices and systems in the unmanned aircraft (100), where all data 20 related to the material to be cut is taken from various sensing devices and different systems (101), including, for example (metal type or material, three-dimensional dimensions, patterns, distances, locations, and proposed cutting points based on material and environmental conditions, environmental data, etc.). This is done to efficiently and professionally implement the cutting process. Various artificial intelligence models and 25 techniques are used in the automatic control and processing unit, including, for example:

[0059] (Deep learning technology (140): Used to improve the performance of the laser control and processing unit by learning from available data and improving the precision of light intensity adjustment, laser beam strength, and adjusting the cutting head movement and cutting speed, Neural network technology (141): To develop predictive models based on 30 collected data and used for intelligent control in the laser cutting and cutting process, improving cutting accuracy, adapting the process, and enhancing efficiency. Artificial intelligence models and techniques are used to continuously monitor and evaluate the performance of laser cutting and cutting, adjusting settings based on available data and changes in environmental conditions and properties of the materials to be cut.

[0060] The drone device without wings (100) contains another device for cutting and automatic 5 cutting by water and equipped with artificial intelligence (142): This is to enhance and achieve various and diverse preparation and sorting operations for wastes, metals, and other different materials. The water cutting and cutting device is characterized by cutting and slicing sensitive materials such as plastic, rubber, and others without causing any thermal effect or distortion on the cut material and working on cutting stainless steel, 10 metals, and concrete of various thicknesses, shapes, and sizes. Also, the water cutting and cutting device is characterized by providing low energy consumption, less maintenance, and thus the drone device without wings becomes more options to implement cutting and cutting operations with different types of techniques and various options. Figure number

[0061] (4). The water cutting and cutting device consists of the following tools and devices: Self- 15 contained water tank / or connected (143): Used for storing water and can be designed inside the drone device itself or designed as an (external tank) so that it can be operated and drawn directly from it flexibly and water is connected to the drone without wings through a flexible cable movement and connected to the drone without wings, allowing the drone device without wings to operate efficiently and freely move. Water pumps (144): 20

[0062] The pumps are used to draw water from the water tank and work on pumping water at high pressure and pushing it at high pressure through pipes to the water cutter. Control valves (145): Used to control the flow and pressure of water and adjust the flow rate of water or completely stop it when needed. Connecting pipes (146): Used to connect the flow of water from the pumps to the water cutter, so the pipes are connected between the pumps, 25 control valves, and water cutters. Water cutter (147): It is a head or nozzle designed specifically to direct the flow of water precisely and powerfully on the surface to be cut and direct the water at high speed and pressure when exiting the water cutter, allowing it to cut materials effectively. The water cutter is designed with a very small nozzle or additional nozzles to adjust the flow diameter and concentration and determine the shape 30 of the piece to be cut and determine the cutting path and cooling systems for the nozzle to prevent temperature rise, and also devices to monitor and control water pressure and speed. Cooling unit (148): Used to cool the pumps and other components that may heat due to the use of water at high pressure, so the cooling unit helps prevent any problems related to high temperatures. Self-contained or / connected power source: (149): The water cutting and cutting device requires a sufficient power source to operate, and this can be provided through available power sources in the drone device without wings or by an external 5 generator connected to the drone through a flexible and easily movable cable, allowing the drone device without wings to operate efficiently and freely. Control and automatic processing unit / remotely equipped with artificial intelligence (150): It works to adjust the power of the water pumps, control valves, direct the movement of the cutting head, and adjust the cutting speed during operation. It also works directly and automatically with all 10 devices and systems in the drone device without wings (100), so all data related to the material to be cut and cut is taken from various sensors, including, for example, (type of metal or material, three-dimensional dimensions, patterns, distances, locations, and proposed cutting points according to material conditions and environmental surroundings, environmental data, and others) in order to implement the cutting operation with efficiency 15 and professional safety. Various artificial intelligence models and techniques are used, including, for example: (Deep Learning technique (151): Used to improve the performance of the control and processing unit by learning from available data and improving the accuracy of adjusting water pressure intensity and flow and adjusting the movement of the water cutter. Neural Network technique (152): To develop predictive models based on 20 collected data and used for intelligent control in the water cutting and cutting process to improve cutting accuracy, adapt the process, and improve efficiency. Various artificial intelligence models and techniques are used to continuously monitor and evaluate the performance of water cutting, adjusting settings based on available data, and changes in environmental conditions and properties of the materials to be cut 25

[0063] "The drone device without wings (100) contains an Internet of Things (loT) system (153): which interacts with all devices and systems connected to the internet to exchange internal and external data with the aim of improving work efficiency, enhancing digital economy, improving the quality of various operations, enhancing efficiency and productivity, reducing costs, and human errors. The system can be used to manage and analyze data 30 related to operations accurately to identify potential problems and take necessary actions, improve performance, and achieve maximum efficiency and effectiveness. The loT system and technology in the drone device without wings consist of the following tools and devices: loT sensors (154): including a set of various sensors as follows: (Remote sensors: used to monitor and analyze information related to the drone's surrounding environment such as temperature, humidity, sound levels, and other useful information 5 about the drone's environment. Air pressure sensors: used to measure the outside air pressure of the drone system and provide accurate data about altitude, speed, and geographical location of the drone. Vibration sensors: used to measure vibrations on board the drone system and provide accurate data about the drone's response to various conditions. Motion and acceleration sensors: used to measure the drone's movement and 10 provide accurate data about deviations, movements, and directional changes, in addition to three-dimensional cameras equipped with virtual and augmented reality, X-rays, and laser sensors for different sensors that work on identifying types, weights, thicknesses, and components of various wastes, materials, and metals). The enhanced loT computer (155):

[0064] The device collects data from various systems and devices within the drone system, 15 processes, stores, and provides it to users, enabling the device with high efficiency through increased storage capacity, processing speed, and RAM memory to execute the operation. loT software (156): used to manage, analyze, control, and process the collected data, convert it into valuable information that can be used to improve operations, create reports and forecasts about the drone's condition, performance, and maintenance. These software 20 include artificial intelligence, machine learning techniques, augmented and virtual reality techniques, and tools for storing and analyzing data. Enhanced Internet network (157): an advanced internet communication network that allows various devices and systems in the drone device without wings to communicate with each other and with external devices and the loT cloud to upload necessary data and information. Networks like Wi-Fi, Zigbee, Z- 25 Wave, Lora WAN, NB-IoT can be used. Satellite communication can also be used, as well as wireless communication services to improve communication speed and stability when the enhanced internet network is not available, improving the onboard drone distribution system, enhancing signal range and speed, network coverage, and improving data transfer between different devices in the loT. Wireless communications (158): used to connect 30 various devices and systems within the drone device without wings, using Wi-Fi, cellular communications, 5th or 4th generation communications. Databases (159): used to store data collected from various devices and systems and provide it for use. Information security system (160): includes a data and communication protection system that ensures data confidentiality and privacy through the application of the latest security technologies and cyber protection, providing a protection system that prevents cyber-attacks, protects sensitive data, and includes encryption techniques to secure sent and received 5 communications and data, access policies, and authorization control to maintain privacy and security. Control and processing unit equipped with artificial intelligence (161): controls and operates devices and systems either autonomously or remotely, updates software and devices, controls and analyzes data and information extracted from various systems and devices on the drone using artificial intelligence techniques, machine learning, 10 statistical analysis. It controls using the collected and analyzed data from the devices and systems on the drone and the loT cloud to analyze the drone's performance, identify technical problems and errors, and make appropriate decisions to improve its performance and ensure its safety, such as (determining traffic conditions in the area, identifying safe landing locations in emergencies, identifying common technical faults in drones, etc.). The 15 control and processing unit directly relies on the collected and analyzed data from the devices and systems on the drone to make decisions related to drone operations, such as (drone speed, determining the best path, determining the remaining fuel level in the drone, determining weather conditions, adjusting the drone's path when necessary, etc.).

[0065] Decisions related to the drone's overall performance are based on the analyzed data coming 20 from the loT cloud and the collected and analyzed data from the devices and systems inside the drone. It also allows the human crew to make and control decisions as required.

[0066] The Internet of Things (loT) technology is a technology that allows various objects and devices to communicate and interact with each other over the internet. This means that devices, sensors, and systems in the drone can communicate and interact smoothly and 25 efficiently, and can also communicate and interact smoothly and efficiently with external devices and the loT cloud. The drone device without wings contains an air navigation system (162): which integrates with all systems and devices in the drone without wings, and the navigation system works to determine the drone's location with high accuracy, determine the optimal path for the drone, control its movement, and provide other air 30 navigation information such as the distance traveled, speed, altitude, etc. The air navigation system consists of the following tools and components: GPS Receiver (163): It is the device that is used to determine the geographical location of the drone using the signals of the artificial satellites.

[0067] Wireless Devices (164): And wireless devices are used to update and exchange data related to the movement of the drone with the ground station.

[0068] Motion sensors and altitude sensors (165): And motion sensors are used to measure the 5 movement of the drone and determine the direction and speed of movement, and altitude sensors are used to measure the altitude of the drone from the surface of the earth.

[0069] Advanced Navigation Systems (166): And the advanced navigation systems may include INS (Inertial Navigation System), AHRS (Attitude and Heading Reference System) or others, which are used to improve the accuracy of determining the position and movement 10 of the drone.

[0070] Artificial Satellites (167): And the artificial satellites are considered an essential part of the Global Positioning System (GPS), where they are used to send signals to the drone's receiver to determine its location with high accuracy.

[0071] Automatic Guidance System (168): And the automatic guidance system is used to control 15 the movement of the drone so that the desired path for the drone is programmed and set using specialized software, and motion and direction sensors are continuously used to update the path, speed, and altitude.

[0072] Communication System (169): And the communication system is used to communicate with the operator and transfer information and images and other data from the drone to the 20 control center. And a multi-mode communication system is used that integrates between the use of radio and artificial satellites to ensure full coverage under various conditions and situations.

[0073] Wireless Communications (170): And they are used to transfer information to devices and systems inside the drone. 25

[0074] Al-powered Navigation Control System (171): Which collects and processes data coming from other components and performs the necessary operations to determine the geographical location and determine the optimal path for the drone using artificial intelligence to improve the accuracy and efficiency of the air navigation system and achieve effective communication with other systems in the drone. The navigation system 30 also works to determine the optimal path for laser cutting and water cutting and determine the areas that must be cut, which helps achieve greater efficiency and effectiveness in the cutting and cutting process.

[0075] And there is in the drone a communication system (172): That works to connect data and information between all systems and devices inside and outside the drone and enhances the achievement of control and communication effectively and ensures the operation of the drone with very high efficiency, and the communication system in the drone consists of a 5 mixture of wireless communication networks and an enhanced internet network, and includes the basic technical components used in the mixture between wireless communication networks and the enhanced internet network in the drone:

[0076] Wireless Communication System (173): And it consists of using various types of wireless communication networks as needed, such as wide-range wireless networks (WLAN) and 10 local wireless networks (LAN) and radio and artificial satellites and others. So that these networks are designed and implemented to provide effective and reliable communications between drone systems and ground stations, characterized by high-speed data transfer and effective response to commands. And advanced wireless communication technologies such as 5G technology can also be used to achieve higher data transfer speeds better. 15

[0077] Enhanced Internet System (174): And it consists of using the enhanced internet available through modern high-speed internet networks, which are characterized by very high speed and high-level security. And these networks can be used to transfer large and complex data that require high speed and high security, and they are characterized by the ability to manage data and information in general. 20

[0078] Data Routing Device (Router) (175): And this device is used to route data traffic between different networks and ensure the best use of the available bandwidth and improve the overall performance of communications.

[0079] Security System (176): It consists of using protection and encryption techniques to secure and protect the data transmitted and received across different networks, and to prevent 25 unauthorized access and seizure of data.

[0080] Control and Operation Software and Systems with Al (177): Where the system and software are used to manage and control the drone systems and operate them, and enable better use of different networks and improve the performance of communications and monitoring inside and outside the drone. 30

[0081] • The drone device number (100) can implement all protection elements in one model or multiple models from one model as needed, and the models are connected to each other. The drone device number (100) can implement one or some of the systems present in device number (100) as needed, and the design and implementation of the drone device number (100) is not limited to one drone or a group of drones connected to each other. The device number (100) can be designed and implemented on a mobile or fixed device in recycling facilities and during its multiple operational processes such as (collection - 5 weighing - preparation - sorting - transportation). The device (100) can operate as an internal system in (facilities - commercial centers - ports - power generation stations - desalination plants - general environmental monitoring and assessment systems). The device number (100) can operate as an assessment or monitoring system or a preparation and sorting system in waste management stations or landfill facilities or recycling stations 10 that operate on (collection - transportation - preparation - separation - weighing - assessment) for all types of waste, metals, and other various materials. The device number (100) can operate in the mining field and identify metals and determine their physical and chemical properties. The device number (100) can operate in the logistics field and ports and their various facilities such as trucks, free zones, reception and delivery areas, etc. 15

Claims

AMENDED CLAIMS received by the International Bureau on 27 May 2025 (27.05.2025)1. A drone device for waste management, the drone device comprising: an automatic operation system (100) for waste management and for determining, analyzing, classifying, and evaluating the physical and chemical characteristics of materials comprising: waste, metals, and / or key environmental elements (water - soil); and that works on preparing and reducing the size and shape of said materials automatically; sensing devices (101); a laser cutting and slicing device (134); a water cutting and slicing device (142); and an automatic control and operation system (178).

2. The drone device according to protection element 1, wherein the system (100) comprising3D monitoring devices represented by an X-ray transmitting and receiving device (103) send X-rays to an area to be examined and receive to obtain information about an interaction of X-rays with materials in the detection area;3D monitoring devices represented by a 3D camera combined with X-ravs, equipped with virtual reality, augmented reality technologies, connected to internet, and artificial intelligence (104) capture 3D images and videos ofobjects and internal structures of materials, providing detailed, analyzable, real information;3D sensine devices represented by a laser production and receiving device(118) send laser beams to the detection area and receive them, measure and analyze reflections and deviations in the laser beams, and convert them into detailed 3D information;3D sensing devices represented by a 3D camera combined with laser beams. equipped with virtual reality, augmented reality technologies, connected to the internet, and artificial intelligence (119), receive reflected laser beams from different materials, process them, convert and shape them into 3D images, videos, and detailed information about different materials and their properties in the detection area;3D environmental sensing devices (120) that interacts with the surrounding environment to obtain information about surrounding environmental conditions;Electromagnetic spectrum technology devices represented by an electromagnetic radiation transmitting and sensing device (127) that sends and receives electromagnetic radiation, measure the amount of absorbed and reflected radiation from materials after interaction, and provide detailed information about the electromagnetic spectrum interacting with different materials in the detection area;Electromagnetic spectrum technology devices represented by a spectrum analyzer (128) that analyzes and measures received electromagnetic signals to determine the spectral pattern and extract necessary information comprising material composition, weight determinationProcessing and storage units numbers (109), (121), (129), and (133), integrated with artificial intelligence technologies, process data and provide detailed information about the physical and chemical properties of said materials, comprising: type, weight, number, thickness, shape, dimensions of diverse and mixed or non-mixed waste and metals, determine the type and weight of soil, impurities, rust inside and outside waste and metals, measure soil quality and detect pollution, measure water quality and detect pollution, chemical composition, type and weight of chemical compounds composing waste, relative concentrations, and then model the results and data output for the purpose of understanding and predicting the behavior of ecological systems and evaluating the effects of human interventions.

3. The drone device according to protection element 1, wherein the laser cutting (or a remote laser cutting) comprising: a laser or fiber optic CO2 laserThe self-contained fiber optic laser device or connected to an external laser device (135) that produces laser energy, and the laser energy transfers from the laser device to the cutting head by means of a flexible self-cable / or connected; and cutting head (136) used to direct the laser energy to the material to be cut;Cooling and temperature control device (137) used to cool the laser and maintain it at an appropriate temperature, control and measure the laser temperature, and ensure its preservation at the specified level;Self-contained power source or connected externally (138) used to supply the laser device with power; a remote control and processing unit (139) operates and executes the work of all components of the cutting device using various artificial intelligence software and techniques to monitor and execute and evaluate the performance of laser cutting, and operate directly according to the control and operation system of the unmanned aircraft device (178)4. The drone device according to protection element 1, wherein the water cutting (or a remote water cutting) comprising a self-contained water tank or connected to the unmanned aircraft (143) that stores water and draws directly and connects through a flexible movement cable connected to the unmanned aircraft device; a water pump (144) that draws water from the water tank and pumps at high pressure through pipes to the cutting head, through control valves (145) that controls the flow and pressure of water and connection pipes (146) for connecting the water flow from the pumps to a water cutter(147) that directs the water flow precisely and strongly onto the surface to be cut; a cooling unit (148) that cools the pumps and other components; a self-contained power source or externally connected (149) that supplies the power;A remote control and processing unit equipped with artificial intelligence(150) for operating and executing the work of said components using artificial intelligence to monitor and execute and evaluate the performance of water cutting, and operate directly according to the control and operation system of the unmanned aircraft device (178).

5. The drone device according to protection element 1, wherein the automatic control and operation system equipped with the artificial intelligence is comprising:Internet-connected communication interfaces (179) for enabling communication and exchange of data within or outside the components of the unmanned aircraft device;Data exchange protocols (180) that used to specify the format and sequence of data exchange within and outside the systems and components of the unmanned aircraft device, and achieve data exchange with external devices connected to the Internet or the Internet of Things;Central control unit (181) for comprehensive control and coordination of devices, tools, and systems, collecting data from various systems, and directing signals to control devices, tools, and system; control and guidance protocols in systems (182) for automatic or remote control of devices, tools, or systems inside the unmanned aircraft device;Software and systems integrated with artificial intelligence (183) designed according to the systems and goals of the aircraft system work to develop theoperation of a single system that controls various devices, tools, and systems, collects their data, and interacts with them;Safety and precautionary measures integrated with artificial intelligence (188) for restricting the radiation field in various sensing devices number (101) and the laser cutting and cutting device number (134), guide and guide the water cutting device number (142), and guide all devices correctly and provide the necessary general and professional protection for working individuals and the surrounding environment;User interface (189) to control the unmanned aircraft device through a simple and user-friendly interface supported by virtual and augmented reality technologies. The user interface can be a mobile application, a web interface, an external control panel, or the like, to control and monitor the system status, receive notifications, and control it.

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