Power supply apparatus for photovoltaic power generation device, and photovoltaic power generation device

Abstract

Provided in the present invention are a photovoltaic power generation device and a power supply apparatus therefor. The power supply apparatus comprises a photovoltaic panel, a power source, and a driving mechanism, wherein the power source is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the power source is electrically connected to the driving mechanism; and the photovoltaic panel supplies power to the power source, the power source supplies power to the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used for driving the photovoltaic panel to adjust a tilt angle.

Description

Power supply device for photovoltaic power generation equipment and photovoltaic power generation equipment Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular to a power supply device for photovoltaic power generation equipment and photovoltaic power generation equipment. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation equipment utilizes the photovoltaic effect of photovoltaic semiconductor materials to convert solar energy into direct current (DC) electricity. The core of a photovoltaic power generation system is the photovoltaic panel (also known as a solar panel). A single photovoltaic panel has extremely low output voltage and current, and is also relatively fragile and susceptible to corrosion. Without proper treatment, its application is very limited. In practical applications, multiple photovoltaic panels are often connected in series or parallel, then sealed, laminated, framed, and connected to an external junction box to form the smallest, indivisible unit capable of independently providing DC power output, known as a photovoltaic module. Multiple photovoltaic modules can be connected in series or parallel using stringing rules to form a circuit, creating a photovoltaic module string.

[0003] The power supply device of the photovoltaic power generation equipment is used to supply power to the load equipment on the photovoltaic power generation equipment to ensure the normal operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

[0004] Therefore, it is desired to provide a power supply device for photovoltaic power generation equipment and photovoltaic power generation equipment, which can effectively ensure the power supply effect of the power supply device, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] One of the contents of the present invention provides a power supply device for photovoltaic power generation equipment, characterized in that the power supply device includes a photovoltaic panel, a power supply and a driving mechanism, the power supply is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel, and the power supply is electrically connected to the driving mechanism; the photovoltaic panel supplies power to the power supply, the power supply supplies power to the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is used to drive the photovoltaic panel to adjust the tilt angle.

[0007] In some embodiments, the power supply device also includes an electric energy storage device, the power supply and the electric energy storage device are arranged in parallel, the electric energy output end of the power supply and the energy storage output end of the electric energy storage device are both electrically connected to the driving mechanism; the electric energy output end of the power supply is also electrically connected to the energy storage input end of the electric energy storage device.

[0008] In some embodiments, the power supply device further includes a controller, and the controller is configured to: obtain a load signal; and control a circuit of the power supply device based on the load signal.

[0009] In some embodiments, the output voltage value of the power supply includes a first voltage value and a second voltage value, the first voltage value is greater than the second voltage value, the output voltage value of the energy storage device includes a third voltage value, and the second voltage value is equal to the third voltage value; the circuit of the power supply device includes a power control circuit, and the controller is configured to: determine whether the power supply is overloaded based on the load signal; in response to the power supply being overloaded, control the power control circuit to reduce the output voltage of the power supply from the first voltage value to the second voltage value.

[0010] In some embodiments, the load signal includes the output current of the power supply, and the controller is configured to: in response to the output current of the power supply being greater than a preset threshold, determine that the power supply is overloaded; in response to the power supply overload, control the duty cycle of the power supply to decrease through the power supply control circuit, so that the output voltage of the power supply is reduced from the first voltage value to the second voltage value.

[0011] In some embodiments, the circuit of the power supply device includes a charging circuit, the power output end of the power supply is connected to the energy storage input end of the energy storage device through the charging circuit, the load signal includes the output voltage of the power supply, and the controller is configured to: control whether the charging circuit charges the energy storage device based on the output voltage of the power supply.

[0012] In some embodiments, the circuit of the power supply device includes a power control circuit including a boost circuit, and the power output end of the power supply and the energy storage output end of the energy storage device are electrically connected to the driving mechanism through the boost circuit; the load signal includes the load size of the driving mechanism, and the controller is configured to: in response to the load size of the driving mechanism being greater than a preset load value, control the voltage input to the driving mechanism to increase through the boost circuit.

[0013] In some embodiments, the circuit of the power supply device includes a driving circuit, the power output end of the power supply and the energy storage output end of the energy storage device are electrically connected to the driving mechanism through the driving circuit, the load signal includes the load direction of the driving mechanism, and the controller is configured to: based on the load direction of the driving mechanism, control the current direction input into the driving mechanism through the driving circuit.

[0014] In some embodiments, the power supply device includes a first operating mode and a second operating mode; the controller is configured to: in response to being in the first operating mode, control the photovoltaic panel to supply power to the power supply, and the power supply to supply power to the driving mechanism; at a preset time, control the driving mechanism to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel to a safe angle and enter the second operating mode; in response to being in the second operating mode, control the energy storage device to supply power to the driving mechanism.

[0015] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic panel includes a plurality of panel units connected in series; a positive terminal is drawn out from between a first panel unit and a second panel unit among the plurality of panel units, and a negative terminal is drawn out from between a third panel unit and a fourth panel unit among the plurality of panel units; the positive terminal and the negative terminal are connected to the power source.

[0016] In some embodiments, the power supply device includes a positive electrode interface and a negative electrode interface, and the positive electrode interface and the negative electrode interface are connected to the power supply through a rectifier bridge; the positive electrode interface is connected to any one of the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal, and the negative electrode interface is connected to the other one of the positive electrode terminal and the negative electrode terminal.

[0017] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic panel includes a first tee and a second tee, the first tee including two first positive ports and one first negative port, and the second tee including two second negative ports and one second positive port; the first positive port and the first negative port of the first tee are respectively connected to the first panel unit and the second panel unit, and the other first positive port serves as the positive terminal; the second positive port and the second negative port of the second tee are respectively connected to the third panel unit and the fourth panel unit, and the other second negative port serves as the negative terminal.

[0018] In some embodiments, the positive electrode interface is connected to the power supply through a fuse.

[0019] In some embodiments, the power supply device further includes a shell, the power supply is disposed in the shell, and a snap-fit ​​structure is provided on the shell, and the snap-fit ​​structure is used to fix the cable.

[0020] One of the contents of the present invention provides a photovoltaic power generation device, which includes a plurality of panel units arranged along a first direction, a track extending along the first direction, and a cleaning robot arranged on the track; the cleaning robot is used to clean the surface of the panel unit; the photovoltaic power generation device also includes a charging base, which is connected to the energy storage output end of the energy storage device in the power supply device; the cleaning robot is provided with a charging terminal adapted to the charging base, and when the charging terminal is paired with the charging base, the power supply device charges the cleaning robot.

[0021] The beneficial effects brought about by the above invention include but are not limited to: (1) by generating electricity through the photovoltaic panel to supply power to the power supply, and then by the power supply to supply power to the driving mechanism, the photovoltaic panel can be driven to adjust the tilt angle, and the photovoltaic panel can also be helped to resist external loads, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the photovoltaic panel; (2) by setting the power supply and the energy storage device in parallel, the power supply and the energy storage device can both supply power to the responsible equipment, ensuring that the load equipment (such as the driving mechanism) can work stably, and reducing the dependence of the load equipment (such as the driving mechanism) on the energy storage device, effectively avoiding frequent charging and discharging of the energy storage device when the power supply and the energy storage device are connected in series, and extending the service life of the energy storage device. The power supply can also be used to charge the energy storage device and store the excess electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel, effectively improving energy utilization; (3) When the power supply is overloaded, the output voltage of the power supply is reduced to the same as the output voltage of the energy storage device, which can avoid overload protection. At the same time, in the case of overload, the power supply and the energy storage device can jointly output electricity to the load device to maintain the normal operation of the load device; (4) By connecting the photovoltaic panel to the power supply through a rectifier bridge, the voltage polarity can be changed to form a complete path, effectively ensuring that the photovoltaic power generation equipment can normally supply power to the power supply when the positive and negative poles are reversed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] FIG1 is one of exemplary schematic diagrams of a power supply device according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0023] FIG2 is a second exemplary schematic diagram of a power supply device according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0024] FIG3 is a third exemplary schematic diagram of a power supply device according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0025] FIG4 is an exemplary circuit diagram of a charging circuit according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0026] FIG5 is an exemplary circuit diagram of a boost circuit according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0027] FIG6 is an exemplary circuit diagram of a driving circuit according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0028] FIG7 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a photovoltaic panel according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0029] FIG. 8 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a buckle structure according to some embodiments of the present specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some examples or embodiments of this specification. For ordinary technicians in this field, without paying any creative work, this specification can also be applied to other similar scenarios based on these drawings. Unless it is obvious from the language environment or otherwise explained, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation. The drawings in this specification are only for illustration of some embodiments and do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments.

[0031] FIG1 is one of exemplary schematic diagrams of a power supply device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0032] As shown in Figure 1, power supply device 100 may include a photovoltaic panel 110, a power source 120, and a drive mechanism 130. In some embodiments, power source 120 is electrically connected to photovoltaic panel 110, which in turn is electrically connected to drive mechanism 130. Photovoltaic panel 110 supplies power to power source 120, which in turn supplies power to drive mechanism 130. Drive mechanism 130 is used to drive photovoltaic panel 110 to adjust its tilt angle.

[0033] Photovoltaic panel 110 is a panel used to achieve photovoltaic power generation. In some embodiments, photovoltaic panel 110 can utilize the photovoltaic effect to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The semiconductor material in photovoltaic panel 110 is typically silicon. Types of semiconductor materials include single crystal silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or amorphous silicon. The structure of a photovoltaic panel typically consists of two layers of silicon material with different doping levels. One layer is P-type silicon, and the other is N-type silicon. P-type silicon is doped with a small amount of trivalent elements, such as boron (B), resulting in a small number of vacancies in the silicon atoms, forming a positive charge. N-type silicon is doped with a small amount of pentavalent elements, such as phosphorus (P), resulting in excess electrons in the silicon atoms, forming a negative charge. The combination of P-type silicon and N-type silicon forms a PN junction, which creates an electric field (i.e., a built-in electric field) between the two layers of silicon material. When light strikes photovoltaic panel 110, photons interact with silicon atoms on the surface of photovoltaic panel 110, transferring the energy of the photons to electrons in the silicon atoms, causing them to become excited. The excited electrons are pushed to one side of the PN junction by the built-in electric field, forming a photocurrent. The photocurrent is then conducted through the metal wire to form actual electrical energy output.

[0034] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic panel 110 may be composed of a plurality of panel units. For more information about the photovoltaic panel 110, see FIG. 7 and its related description.

[0035] The power supply 120 is a device for providing electrical energy. In some embodiments, the power supply 120 may be a high-voltage power supply. For example, a 1500V DC high-voltage power supply. In some embodiments, the power supply 120 may be a constant-current power supply. In some embodiments, the power supply 120 may be a photovoltaic power supply, with electrical energy provided by the photovoltaic panel 110. In some embodiments, when the power supply 120 is overloaded, the voltage of the power supply 120 may be reduced to avoid overload protection of the power supply 120. For more information about this embodiment, see Figure 2 and its related description. In other embodiments, when the power supply 129 is overloaded, overload protection may be implemented (such as shutting down the power supply or blowing a fuse, etc.).

[0036] The driving mechanism 130 is a device for adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 110. In some embodiments, the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 can be the angle between the panel and the horizontal plane. In some embodiments, the driving mechanism 130 can operate under the power provided by the power supply 120 to drive the photovoltaic panel 110 to adjust the angle. For example, the driving mechanism 130 can adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 so that the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 can change with the change of the sun's radiation angle, thereby achieving photovoltaic tracking. For another example, many photovoltaic power stations are built in areas with relatively harsh environments. When snow, sand, etc. appear on the panel surface of the photovoltaic panel 110 (at this time, the panel surface of the photovoltaic panel 110 can detect gravity load), the driving mechanism 130 can help the photovoltaic panel 110 clear the snow and sand on the panel surface by adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 110, so as to reduce the impact of disaster weather on the photovoltaic panel 110.

[0037] In some embodiments, the drive mechanism 130 can also provide torque to the photovoltaic panel 110. For example, when the panel surface of the photovoltaic panel 110 is subjected to the effects of wind, rain, and / or the gravity of accumulated snow and sand, the drive mechanism 130 can provide torque to the photovoltaic panel 110, helping the photovoltaic panel 110 to balance the effects of wind, rain, and / or the gravity of accumulated snow and sand, thereby achieving wind, rain, snow, and sand resistance.

[0038] In some embodiments, the driving mechanism 130 can be a device such as a motor that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. The types of motors include but are not limited to control motors (including servo motors, stepper motors, torque motors, switched reluctance motors, brushless DC motors, etc.), power motors (including DC motors, AC motors, etc.) and signal motors (including position signal motors, speed signal motors, etc.). The type of motor can be replaced according to different application scenarios or application purposes, and this specification does not limit this. In some embodiments, the output current of the power supply 120 can determine whether the motor can operate normally. When the output current of the power supply 120 reaches the minimum value that can drive the motor to operate, the motor can operate normally. The greater the current, the greater the torque that the motor can provide. The speed of the motor is positively correlated with the output voltage of the power supply 120. By controlling the output voltage of the power supply, the speed of the motor can be controlled, and then the rotation of the photovoltaic panel 110 can be controlled.

[0039] In some embodiments of this specification, the photovoltaic panel 110 generates electricity to power the power source 120, which in turn powers the drive mechanism 130, thereby driving the photovoltaic panel 110 to adjust its tilt angle. The power source 120 draws power directly from the photovoltaic panel 110, which is more convenient and minimizes the number of cables, thus preventing damage to the cables and affecting the normal operation of the drive mechanism 130. Furthermore, the drive mechanism 130 can not only adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 110, but also reduce the impact of external loads (e.g., wind loads, gravity loads caused by accumulated snow and sand, etc.) on the photovoltaic panel 110, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the photovoltaic panel 110.

[0040] Generally speaking, photovoltaic power generation equipment requires two power sources. During the day, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panels powers the load devices. At night, when the photovoltaic panels are no longer generating electricity, a backup power source is required to power the load devices. The backup power source can be a battery, capacitor, or other energy storage device. The primary power source charges the backup power source during the day. Because the photovoltaic panels are inactive at night, the load devices are generally less loaded at night. During most of the daytime (over 95% of the operating conditions), the load devices are also less loaded, and the power source (backup power source) is in a light load state. The power source is only occasionally in a heavy load state during the day. Because the power source is in a heavy load state during the daytime, the proportion of time in its entire lifecycle is relatively low. If the power source is connected in series with the energy storage device, configuring the backup power source for the heaviest load is costly and wastes resources. However, if the backup power source is configured to a smaller value (for example, 50% of the heavy load), the backup power source may become overloaded, causing the photovoltaic power generation equipment to malfunction. At the same time, in the existing string power supply technology of photovoltaic power generation equipment, the main power supply and the backup power supply are connected in series (that is, the main power supply, backup power supply, and drive mechanism are connected in series in sequence), which will shorten the service life of the battery, and when the backup power supply fails, the entire circuit will not work.

[0041] To prevent the power supply 120 and the energy storage device 140 from being connected in series and affecting the service life of the energy storage device 140, the power supply 120 and the energy storage device 140 can be connected in parallel. For more details, see the relevant description of FIG.

[0042] FIG2 is a second exemplary schematic diagram of a power supply device according to some embodiments of this specification.

[0043] As shown in FIG2 , the power supply device 100 further includes an energy storage device 140. In some embodiments, the power supply 120 and the energy storage device 140 are arranged in parallel, with the power output terminal D2 of the power supply 120 and the energy storage output terminal S2 of the energy storage device 140 both electrically connected to the drive mechanism 130; the power output terminal D2 of the power supply 120 is also electrically connected to the energy storage input terminal S1 of the energy storage device 140.

[0044] The energy storage device 140 is a device for storing electrical energy. The energy storage device 140 includes various types such as flow batteries, lithium-ion batteries, sodium-sulfur batteries, fuel cells, and supercapacitors (supercapacitor ultracapacitors). Preferably, the energy storage device 140 can be a supercapacitor. A supercapacitor is a new type of energy storage device that has the characteristics of short charging time, long service life, good temperature characteristics, energy saving, and green environmental protection. The differences between supercapacitors and ordinary capacitors include: (1) First, the difference in capacity. The capacity of ordinary capacitors is usually in the microfarad level, while the capacity of supercapacitors is in farads, with 1 farad = 1 million microfarads; (2) Supercapacitors have good power characteristics and can be charged and discharged quickly with large currents. The power density is more than dozens of times that of lithium-ion batteries, the charging and discharging time is short, the charging circuit requirements are simple, and there is no memory effect; (3) Supercapacitor charging and discharging is a physical process, so the life is longer, and the number of cycle charge and discharge reaches 500,000 to 1 million times; battery energy storage is an electrochemical reaction process, so the number of battery charge and discharge times is limited. For example, the charge and discharge cycle of a lead-acid battery is 500 times, and that of a lithium battery is 500 to 1000 times. The number of charge and discharge cycles of different types of batteries is different; (4) The operating temperature range of supercapacitors is wider, from -40°C to +70°C, while ordinary batteries can basically not discharge electricity or can only discharge very little electricity below zero degrees.

[0045] In some embodiments of this specification, the use of supercapacitors as the electrical energy storage device 140 can effectively improve charging and discharging efficiency. Supercapacitors have a long lifespan, which allows them to replace existing battery energy storage solutions in products that require a long lifespan, are difficult to maintain, or are expensive, thereby significantly improving product performance and reducing user costs. Supercapacitors have a wider operating temperature range, allowing them to operate normally even in severe weather conditions, effectively ensuring the normal operation of photovoltaic power generation equipment in severe weather conditions.

[0046] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic panel 110 can charge the energy storage device 140 and / or power the drive mechanism 130. In some embodiments, the photovoltaic panel 110 can charge the energy storage device 140 and / or power the drive mechanism 130 during daytime hours when the power source is lightly loaded. For example, during daytime hours when the power source is lightly loaded, the photovoltaic panel 110 can supply electrical energy to the power source 110 via the power input terminal D1 of the power source 120 and transmit the electrical energy to the energy storage input terminal S1 of the energy storage device 140 via the power output terminal D2 of the power source 120 for storage in the energy storage device 140; and / or supply electrical energy to the power source 120 via the power input terminal D1 of the power source 120 and transmit the electrical energy to the drive mechanism 130 via the power output terminal D2 of the power source 120. For more information on charging the energy storage device 140, see Figures 3 and 4 and the related descriptions.

[0047] In some embodiments, the energy storage device 140 can provide power to the drive mechanism 130. For example, the energy storage device 140 can provide power to the drive mechanism 130 at night and / or other times when needed. In some embodiments, the energy storage device 140 can also provide power to the drive mechanism 130 independently during the day. For example, when the power supply 120 fails, the energy storage device 140 can be used to power the drive mechanism 130. In some embodiments, the energy storage device 140 can be used together with the power supply 120 to power the drive mechanism 130. For example, when the output torque required by the drive mechanism 130 is large, the energy storage device 140 and the power supply 120 can be used together to power the drive mechanism 130.

[0048] The light load state and heavy load state of the power supply 120 can be determined by the output of the power supply 120 or by the working condition of the connected load device (such as the driving mechanism 130). Please refer to the relevant description below for details:

[0049] In some embodiments, the light load state of the power supply may refer to the load parameter of the power supply 120 being less than the load threshold. Correspondingly, the heavy load state of the power supply may refer to the load parameter of the power supply 120 being not less than the load threshold. The load threshold may be an absolute value related to power. For example, the load threshold may be 32W. The load threshold may also be the ratio of the current load parameter (such as the current power) to the maximum load parameter that can be tolerated (such as the rated power) (for example, the load threshold may be 70%, 50%, etc.). At this time, it can be considered that when the current power is below 70% of the rated power, the power supply 120 is in a light load state.

[0050] In some embodiments, the light-load state of the power supply may also refer to the output torque of the drive mechanism 130 being less than a torque threshold. Correspondingly, the heavy-load state of the power supply may refer to the output torque of the drive mechanism 130 being greater than or equal to the torque threshold. When the force (including wind force, rain impact, and / or gravity caused by accumulated snow and sand, etc.) applied to the panel unit 110 is large (for example, the applied force is greater than the applied force threshold), the drive mechanism 130 needs to output a larger torque (for example, a torque greater than or equal to the above-mentioned torque threshold) to resist the force applied to the panel unit 110. At this time, the power supply 120 is in a heavy-load state; otherwise, the power supply 120 is in a light-load state.

[0051] The above-mentioned load threshold and torque threshold can be system default values, experience values, manually preset values, etc. or any combination thereof, and can be set according to actual needs. This manual does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0052] It should be noted that due to the low probability of severe weather, the photovoltaic panel 110 will not be subjected to a force greater than the force threshold during most of the daytime (for example, 95% of the time), that is, the power supply 120 is generally in a light-load state during the daytime. During the evening, the angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 can be adjusted to a safe angle, at which point the photovoltaic panel 110 will basically not be subjected to a force greater than the force threshold, that is, the power supply 120 is generally in a light-load state during the evening. However, since the photovoltaic panel 110 cannot generate electricity during the evening, the energy storage device 140 is generally used to power the drive mechanism 130 during the evening. For more information on the safety angle, please refer to the relevant description below in Figure 2.

[0053] In some embodiments, the energy storage output terminal S2 of the energy storage device 140 can be electrically connected to the driving mechanism 130 via a DC / DC converter. The DC / DC converters include various types such as constant current output and constant voltage output.

[0054] In some embodiments of this specification, by connecting the power supply 120 and the energy storage device 140 in parallel, both the energy storage device 140 and the power supply 120 can supply power to the load device (such as the drive mechanism 130), ensuring that the load device (such as the drive mechanism 130) can operate stably and reducing the load device (such as the drive mechanism 130)'s dependence on the energy storage device 140. This effectively avoids frequent charging and discharging of the energy storage device 140 when the power supply 120 and the energy storage device 140 are connected in series, thereby extending the service life of the energy storage device 140. By electrically connecting the power output of the power supply 120 to the energy storage input of the energy storage device 140, the energy storage device 140 can also be charged and excess energy generated by the photovoltaic panel 110 can be stored, effectively improving energy utilization. In addition, the energy storage device 140 is electrically connected to the drive mechanism 130 via a DC / DC converter, which can stabilize the output current at a certain value through the DC / DC converter to maintain the normal operation of the drive mechanism 130.

[0055] In some embodiments, the power supply device 100 further includes a controller (not shown in FIG2 ). The controller can be used to control the circuit of the power supply device 100. The circuit of the power supply device 100 refers to a whole formed by connecting a variety of electronic components or electrical equipment according to certain rules or requirements. The circuit of the power supply device 100 can realize the transmission, distribution and conversion of electric energy, etc. The circuit of the power supply device 100 may include the boost circuit, charging circuit, drive circuit, etc. described below. The controller's control of the circuit may include controlling the on and off of the circuit (such controllers include panel switches, relays, etc.), controlling the safe operation of the circuit (such controllers include fuses, thermal relays, etc.), controlling the main parameters in the circuit (such as the voltage, current, current direction, duty cycle, etc.), etc.

[0056] In some embodiments, the controller can control one or any combination of the voltage, current, current direction, duty cycle, etc. of the circuit. For example, the controller can increase or decrease the voltage in the circuit by adjusting the output voltage of the power supply 120, thereby controlling the current. For example, the controller can control the voltage of the circuit through a voltage regulator. For another example, the controller can also adjust the current in the circuit by adjusting the size of the resistor. For another example, the controller can also control the voltage and / or current of the control circuit by adjusting the duty cycle. The content about the voltage, current, current direction, duty cycle, etc. of the circuit controlled by the controller is only for illustrative purposes and does not constitute a limitation on the implementation method.

[0057] In some embodiments, the controller can adjust and control the pulse width of the output signal by controlling the pulse width in the circuit. In some embodiments, the controller can be a PWM controller. A PWM controller can change the average value of the output signal by adjusting the duty cycle (such as the duty cycle of a square wave). When the duty cycle is greater than 50%, the average value of the output signal is greater than 0; when the duty cycle is less than 50%, the average value of the output signal is less than 0. Therefore, the PWM controller can adjust and control the output signal by adjusting the duty cycle. In some embodiments, the following factors should be considered when applying a PWM controller. First, it is necessary to select the appropriate PWM controller model and specifications based on actual needs. Second, it is necessary to reasonably design and set parameters based on the actual application scenario. Finally, it is necessary to monitor and adjust the output signal of the PWM controller to ensure the quality and stability of the output signal. In other embodiments, the controller can also be a single-chip microcomputer or other control device.

[0058] In some embodiments of this specification, a PWM controller is used to adjust the output signal, enabling precise control of the output signal and achieving very high accuracy. Furthermore, the PWM controller can adapt to varying load conditions, enabling dynamic adjustment of the output signal. Finally, the PWM controller is highly reliable because it only involves the transmission and processing of digital signals, eliminating the interference and noise issues associated with analog signal transmission.

[0059] In some embodiments, the controller may be configured to: obtain a load signal; and control the circuit of the power supply device 100 based on the load signal.

[0060] A load signal can refer to an information signal related to the magnitude of the mechanical load in a photovoltaic power generation device, or it can refer to an information signal related to the magnitude of the load in a circuit in a photovoltaic power generation device. In some embodiments, when the load signal is an information signal related to the magnitude of the mechanical load, it can be the magnitude of the torque required by the drive mechanism 130 to rotate the photovoltaic panel 110, or the magnitude of the torque required by the drive mechanism 130 to ensure that the photovoltaic panel 110 can withstand external forces. In some embodiments, when the load signal is an information signal related to the magnitude of the load in a circuit, it can be a parameter such as voltage, current, or power. For example, the load signal can include the output current of the power supply 120, the energy storage device 140, or the like. In another example, the load signal can include the output voltage of the power supply 120, the energy storage device 140, or the like. In another example, the load signal can include the magnitude of the load of a load device in the circuit (such as the magnitude of the output power of the drive mechanism 130). Load devices are various devices that use electrical energy in a circuit. Load devices can convert electrical energy into other forms of energy (e.g., mechanical energy, torque, etc.). In other words, the magnitude of the load signal can reflect the magnitude of the other forms of energy converted by the load device. The load signal can be obtained through sensing equipment, detection equipment, etc., such as obtaining information signals related to the size of the mechanical load through torque sensors, wind speed sensors, wind direction sensors, etc., and obtaining information signals related to the size of the load in the circuit through current detection equipment, voltage detection equipment, etc.

[0061] In some embodiments, the controller may control the circuit of the power supply device 110 based on the size and change of specific parameters of the load signal.

[0062] In some embodiments, the controller can determine the current adjustment requirements for the operating conditions of the power supply 120, the energy storage device 140, and the drive mechanism 130 based on changes in the load signal, thereby controlling the parameters of the circuit of the power supply device 110 (such as voltage, current, and current direction). For example, when the drive mechanism 130 (e.g., a motor) needs to output a large torque, the controller can reduce the output voltage of the power supply 120 so that the energy storage device 140 and the power supply 120 can simultaneously power the drive mechanism 130 (see the detailed description of this solution below). For another example, when the drive mechanism 130 requires a higher input voltage, the controller can boost the output voltage of the power supply 120 to increase the input voltage to the drive mechanism 130. For another example, when the torque required by the drive mechanism 130 to rotate the photovoltaic panel 110 needs to increase, the controller can reduce the output voltage of the power supply 120 while increasing the output current of the power supply 120 so that the energy storage device 140 and the power supply 120 can simultaneously power the drive mechanism 130, thereby increasing the torque required to rotate the photovoltaic panel 110. When the torque required by the driving mechanism 130 to drive the photovoltaic panel 110 to rotate needs to be reduced, the controller can increase the output voltage of the power supply 120 and reduce the output current of the power supply 120 to reduce the torque driving the photovoltaic panel 110 to rotate. Among them, the method of changing the current / voltage includes but is not limited to changing the parameters of the resistors, capacitors, inductors and other components in the circuit to achieve current control. In some embodiments, the controller can modulate the bias of the transistor base or the MOS tube gate according to the change of the load signal to achieve a change in the conduction time of the transistor or MOS tube, thereby achieving control of the output voltage of the circuit of the power supply device 110. This method can keep the output voltage of the power supply constant when the working conditions change.

[0063] In some embodiments, the controller can control the direction of the current in the circuit of the power supply device 110 based on changes in the load signal. For example, when the direction of the torque used by the drive mechanism 130 to rotate the photovoltaic panel 110 needs to change, the controller can change the direction of the current in the circuit of the power supply device 110 to change the direction of rotation of the photovoltaic panel 110.

[0064] In some embodiments of this specification, a controller is used to control the circuit of the power supply device 100 according to changes in the load signal. The device that supplies power to the drive mechanism 130 can be determined according to actual conditions (for example, whether it is daytime or nighttime, whether it is in bad weather, etc.), and whether to control the drive mechanism 130 to change the direction of the rotating photovoltaic panel 110 can be determined according to actual conditions, thereby improving the adaptability of the photovoltaic panel 110 and the drive mechanism 130 to the environment and time period.

[0065] In some embodiments, the output voltage value of the power supply includes a first voltage value and a second voltage value, the first voltage value is greater than the second voltage value, and the output voltage value of the energy storage device 140 includes a third voltage value, the second voltage value is equal to the third voltage value.

[0066] In some embodiments, the circuit of the power supply device 100 includes a power control circuit.

[0067] The power control circuit is a circuit used to control the power supply device 100. In some embodiments, the power control circuit can control the output voltage of the power supply 120. For example, the power control circuit may include a step-down circuit, which can reduce the output voltage of the power supply 120. The voltage output by the step-down circuit is lower than the voltage input to the step-down circuit. Exemplary types of step-down circuits include resistor divider step-down circuits, linear regulators, switching regulators, etc. Different step-down circuit designs can achieve different step-down effects to meet different application requirements.

[0068] In the aforementioned scheme where the main power supply (such as power supply 120) and the backup power supply (such as energy storage device 140) are connected in parallel to supply power, since both can independently power the load device (such as drive mechanism 120), both the main power supply and the backup power supply must be set to a relatively high power, which is costly and wastes resources. To avoid this problem, in some embodiments, the controller can be configured to: determine whether power supply 120 is overloaded based on the load signal; and in response to the overload of power supply 120, control the power control circuit to reduce the output voltage of power supply 120 from a first voltage value to a second voltage value.

[0069] In some embodiments, the controller can determine that power supply 120 is overloaded when the load signal exceeds a certain threshold (which can be preset by a device or manually). If the load signal is the output current of power supply 120, power supply 120 is determined to be overloaded when the output current of power supply 120 exceeds a preset current threshold. If the load signal is the output voltage of power supply 120, power supply 120 is determined to be overloaded when the output voltage of power supply 120 exceeds a preset voltage threshold. If the load signal is the load magnitude (output power) of drive mechanism 130, power supply 120 is determined to be overloaded when the load magnitude exceeds a preset load threshold.

[0070] In some embodiments, the controller can control the power control circuit in a variety of ways to reduce the output voltage of the power supply 120 from a first voltage value to a second voltage value. For example, the power control circuit can be a step-down circuit, and the controller can control the step-down circuit to reduce the output voltage of the power supply 120 from a first voltage value to a second voltage value. For another example, the power control circuit can be a circuit composed of resistors, and the controller can control the power control circuit to conduct, so that the output voltage of the power supply 120 is reduced from a first voltage value to a second voltage value. The size of the resistor can be designed according to application requirements. For another example, the power control circuit can be a circuit including a transformer, and the controller can control the transformer to reduce the output voltage of the power supply 120 from a first voltage value to a second voltage value.

[0071] In some embodiments, when the output voltage of the power supply 120 decreases from the first voltage value to the second voltage value, the energy storage device 140 and the power supply 120 can jointly supply power to the driving mechanism 130 .

[0072] In some embodiments of this specification, when an overload occurs, the output voltage of power supply 120 can be reduced to match the output voltage of energy storage device 140. Furthermore, in an overload situation, power supply 120 and energy storage device 140 can jointly output power to the load device, thereby maintaining normal operation of the load device. When designing the load for power supply 120 and energy storage device 140, the only consideration is whether their combined use can ensure the normal operation of drive mechanism 130.

[0073] It is understandable that when the power supply 120 and the energy storage device 140 are connected in series, the rated power of the energy storage device 140 needs to be set to a larger value to ensure that the load device can be used safely under various working conditions. In this case, the cost of using the load device is relatively high. At the same time, because the power supply 120 and the energy storage device 140 are frequently charged and discharged when connected in series, the service life of the energy storage device 140 is affected, thereby increasing the cost of using the energy storage device 140. Furthermore, if the power supply 120 and the energy storage device 140 are simply changed to a parallel setting without adjusting the output voltage of the power supply 120 and the energy storage device 140, the rated power of the power supply 120 and the energy storage device 140 must be set to a larger value to ensure that the load device can be used safely under various working conditions. This will result in higher cost and waste of resources. Therefore, considering the ratio of heavy-load and light-load states of power supply 120 during the operational lifecycle of the photovoltaic power generation device described above, some embodiments of this specification connect power supply 120 and energy storage device 140 in parallel, setting the output voltage of energy storage device 140 to be lower than the output voltage of power supply 120. In the event of an overload, the output voltage of power supply 120 is reduced to the same as the output voltage of energy storage device 140. This allows power supply 120 and energy storage device 140 to simultaneously supply energy to the load device, effectively reducing the cost of using the load device while ensuring the normal operation of the load device. Furthermore, frequent charging and discharging of energy storage device 140 is effectively avoided, the service life of energy storage device 140 is increased, and the cost of using energy storage device 140 is controlled.

[0074] In some embodiments, the load signal includes the output current of power supply 120. The controller can be configured to: in response to the output current of power supply 120 being greater than a preset threshold, determine that power supply 120 is overloaded; and in response to the overload of power supply 120, control the duty cycle of power supply 120 via the power control circuit to reduce the output voltage of power supply 120 from a first voltage value to a second voltage value. For example, the controller can adjust the duty cycle to adjust the output voltage. Because the torque required by the drive mechanism is related to the current, detecting the output current of power supply 120 can effectively reflect whether the output torque required by drive mechanism 130 is too large and may exceed the load limit of power supply 120.

[0075] In some embodiments of this specification, when power supply 120 is overloaded, the output voltage is controlled by reducing the power supply's duty cycle. When the duty cycle is high, the output voltage is high; when the duty cycle is low, the output voltage is low. By continuously adjusting the duty cycle, different average output voltages can be achieved, enabling precise control of the output voltage, thereby reducing the first voltage value to the second voltage value.

[0076] In some embodiments, the power supply device 100 includes a first operating mode and a second operating mode. The first operating mode refers to an operating mode in which the photovoltaic panel 110 is used to supply power to the power source 120, and the power source 120 is capable of supplying power to the drive mechanism 130. In some embodiments, during the daytime, that is, when the photovoltaic panel 110 is in the photovoltaic power generation operating state, the power supply device 100 is in the first operating mode. The second operating mode refers to an operating mode in which the power supply device 100 is supplied power to the drive mechanism 130 using the energy storage device 140. In some embodiments, during the nighttime, that is, when the photovoltaic panel 110 is turned off (that is, not in the photovoltaic power generation operating state), the power supply device 100 is in the second operating mode. That is, when the photovoltaic panel 110 is able to generate electricity, the power supply device 100 is controlled to be in the first operating mode, and when the photovoltaic panel 110 is unable to generate electricity, the power supply device 100 is controlled to be in the second operating mode.

[0077] In some embodiments, the controller is configured to: in response to being in a first operating mode, control the photovoltaic panel 110 to supply power to the power supply 120, and the power supply 120 is capable of supplying power to the drive mechanism 130; at a preset time, control the drive mechanism 130 to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 to a safe angle and enter the second operating mode; in response to being in the second operating mode, control the energy storage device 140 to supply power to the drive mechanism 130.

[0078] In some embodiments, the preset time can be manually or automatically set. For example, the preset time can be set to a time during sunset, such as a time between 5:00 PM and 8:00 PM. The preset time setting depends on the region where the photovoltaic power generation equipment is installed and can be set based on a specific time before sunset.

[0079] The safety angle refers to the tilt angle (such as relative to the horizontal plane) at which the photovoltaic panel 110 can maintain balance and not overturn under wind loads (which may also include gravity loads caused by snow, sand, etc.). For example, the safety angle can be 0°, 15°, 30°, etc. In some embodiments, when the photovoltaic panel 110 is set to the safety angle, the output torque of the drive mechanism 130 is less than the set torque value. Accordingly, when the output torque of the drive mechanism 130 reaches the set torque value, the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 can be determined as the safety angle.

[0080] In some embodiments, the safety angle can be determined by wind tunnel testing, etc. For more information about the tilt angle, see FIG1 and its related description.

[0081] In some embodiments, since the photovoltaic panel 110 cannot generate electricity at night, the power supply 120 cannot supply power to the drive mechanism 130. The controller can control the drive mechanism 130 to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 to a safe angle at a preset time, and control the power supply device 100 to enter the second operating mode so that the energy storage device 140 supplies power to the drive mechanism 130.

[0082] In some embodiments of the present specification, the power supply device 100 operates in different operating modes to ensure the normal operation of the load equipment and the safety of the photovoltaic panel 110. The photovoltaic panel 110 is in a photovoltaic power generation state during the daytime. At this time, the power supply device 100 is in a first operating mode and can use the electricity generated by the photovoltaic panel 110 to power the drive mechanism 130. The photovoltaic panel 110 cannot generate photovoltaic power at night. At this time, the power supply device 100 is controlled to enter a second operating mode and can use the energy storage device 140 to continue to power the drive mechanism 130. Since only the energy storage device 140 can supply power at night, the drive mechanism 130 is controlled to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel 110 to a safe angle at a preset time to ensure the safety of the photovoltaic panel 110 at night.

[0083] Figure 3 is a third exemplary schematic diagram of a power supply device according to some embodiments of this specification. Figure 3 may be used to understand some of the following embodiments, but the figure is only a schematic diagram of some of the embodiments and does not constitute a limitation of the embodiments.

[0084] As shown in FIG3 , in some embodiments, the circuit of the power supply device 100 includes a charging circuit 150 , and the power output terminal of the power source 120 is connected to the energy storage input terminal of the energy storage device 140 through the charging circuit 150 .

[0085] The charging circuit 150 can control the power supply 120 to charge the energy storage device 140 .

[0086] Figure 4 is an exemplary circuit diagram of a charging circuit according to some embodiments of this specification. Figure 4 may be used to understand some of the following embodiments. However, the figure is merely illustrative of some of the embodiments and does not limit the embodiments. For example, the function of using power supply 120 to charge energy storage device 140 may also be implemented using other circuit structures.

[0087] As shown in Figure 4, the charging circuit 150 includes an input terminal V1 and an output terminal V2. Specifically, the input terminal V1 is connected to the power supply 120, and the output terminal V2 is connected to the energy storage device 140. The charging circuit 150 includes two branches arranged in parallel between the input terminal V1 and the output terminal V2. One branch is provided with a capacitor C102, and the other branch is provided with a switch transistor T101 and a switch transistor T102, an inductor L101, and another capacitor C101. The switch transistor T102 and the other capacitor C101 are arranged in parallel, and the switch transistors T101 and T102 are arranged in series. One end of the inductor L101 is connected to one end of the switch transistor T101 and one end of the switch transistor T102, and the other end of the inductor L101 is connected to one end of the other capacitor C101. The other end of the switch tube T101 is connected to one end of the capacitor C102, and the other end of the switch tube T101 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C101, and the other end of the capacitor C102 is also connected to the other end of another capacitor C101. The capacitor C102 is located at the input terminal V1, and the capacitor C101 is located at the output terminal V2. Specifically, the switch tubes T101 and T102 can be MOS tubes. The input terminal V1 of the charging circuit 150 inputs the output voltage of the power supply 120; the gates of the switch tubes T101 and T102 of the charging circuit 150 are connected to a controller (e.g., a PWM controller) for controlling the conduction and shutdown of the switch tubes T101 and T102 according to the signal (e.g., a PWM signal) output by the output signal terminal of the controller. The operating principle of the charging circuit 150 includes the following: when the switch T101 is closed and the switch T102 is open, the inductor L101 is magnetized, and the current flowing through the inductor L101 increases linearly, while charging the capacitor C101. When the switch T101 is open and the switch T102 is closed, the inductor L101 discharges, and the current in the inductor L101 decreases linearly. The output voltage is maintained by the discharge of the capacitor C101 and the reduced current in the inductor L101. By controlling the on and off states of the switches (including the switch T101 and / or the switch T102), the electrical energy is periodically converted and regulated between the capacitor C101 and the inductor L101, ultimately outputting a stable DC voltage. The charging circuit 160 can use the switches T101 and T102 to "chop" the input DC power supply to form a square wave. A square wave is used to control the switching transistors (including switching transistors T101 and / or switching transistors T102), turning them on and off according to the control signal. The duty cycle of the square wave is adjusted to control the amount of energy passing through. The square wave passing through switching transistors T101 and T102 is then low-pass filtered to output a DC voltage.

[0088] In some embodiments, the load signal includes the output voltage of the power supply 120, and the controller 180 is configured to control whether the charging circuit 150 charges the energy storage device 140 based on the output voltage of the power supply 120. For example, when the output voltage of the power supply 120 is above a voltage threshold (e.g., 30V), the controller 180 may control the switch T101 to close and the switch T102 to open, thereby controlling the charging circuit 150 to charge the energy storage device 140. For another example, when the output voltage of the power supply 120 is increasing, the controller 180 may control the switch T101 to close and the switch T102 to open, thereby controlling the charging circuit 150 to charge the energy storage device 140. In some embodiments, the voltage threshold may be a value between a first voltage value and a second voltage value. By setting the voltage threshold to a value between the first voltage value and the second voltage value, the power supply 120 is in a non-step-down output state, meaning that the power output by the power supply 120 can simultaneously power the drive mechanism 130 and charge the energy storage device 140.

[0089] In some embodiments, when the output voltage of the power supply 120 is a first voltage value, the controller 180 may control the switch tube T101 to be closed and the switch tube T102 to be open, so as to control the charging circuit 150 to charge the energy storage device 140 .

[0090] In some embodiments, when the output voltage of the power supply 120 is a second voltage value, the controller 180 can control the switch tube T101 to be disconnected and the switch tube T102 to be closed to control the inductor L101 in the charging circuit 150 to discharge, so that the energy storage device 140 can discharge to the outside.

[0091] In some embodiments, the controller 180 may be further configured to: when the power supply device 100 is in the first operating mode, control the charging circuit 150 to charge the energy storage device 140. In some embodiments, the controller may be further configured to: when the load of the driving mechanism 130 is less than a load threshold, control the charging circuit 150 to charge the energy storage device 140.

[0092] In some embodiments of this specification, the output voltage of the power source 120 helps to understand the power supply status of the power source 120 to the load device (such as the drive mechanism 130), so as to ensure that the energy storage device 140 is charged without affecting the normal power supply of the power source 120 to the load device. For example, when the output voltage of the power source 120 is higher than the voltage threshold, the energy storage device 140 is charged by the charging circuit 150, and the excess power generated by the photovoltaic panel 110 (i.e., the remaining power after the normal operation of the drive mechanism) can be input into the energy storage device 140 for storage. This can ensure the normal operation of the load device when the photovoltaic panel 110 is unable to generate power or cannot generate sufficient power to provide power to the load device.

[0093] As shown in FIG3 , in some embodiments, the circuit of the power supply device 100 includes a boost circuit 160 , and the power output end of the power supply 120 and the energy storage output end of the energy storage device 140 are both electrically connected to the driving mechanism 130 through the boost circuit 160 .

[0094] The boost circuit 160 can increase the output voltage to be higher than the input voltage. In some embodiments, the boost circuit 160 can increase the voltage at the load input terminal of the drive mechanism 130 to be higher than the voltage at the power output terminal of the power supply 120 and the voltage at the energy storage output terminal of the energy storage device 140. In some embodiments, the boost circuit 160 can include various types, such as a switching DC boost circuit, a regulated DC boost circuit, and an inverter power supply circuit.

[0095] Figure 5 is an exemplary circuit diagram of a boost circuit according to some embodiments of this specification. Figure 5 may be used to understand some of the following embodiments. However, the figure is merely illustrative of some of the embodiments and does not constitute a limitation of the embodiments. For example, the boost function may also be implemented using other circuit structures.

[0096] As shown in Figure 5, the boost circuit 160 includes an input terminal V1, an output terminal V3, and two branches arranged in parallel between the input terminal V1 and the output terminal V3. One branch is provided with a capacitor C201, and the other branch is provided with a switch transistor T201, an inductor L201, and another capacitor C202. The switch transistor T201 and the capacitor C201 are connected in parallel. One end of the switch T201 and one end of the capacitor C202 are connected to one end of the inductor L201, and one end of the capacitor C201 is connected to the other end of the inductor L201. The other end of the switch T201 and the other end of the capacitor C202 are connected to one end of the capacitor C201. The other branch also includes a diode D201, with the source of the switch transistor T201 connected to the anode of the diode D201, and one end of the capacitor C202 connected to the cathode of the diode D201. The capacitor C201 is located at the input terminal V1, and the capacitor C202 is located at the output terminal V2. Specifically, the switch transistor T201 can be a MOS transistor. The boost circuit 160 receives the output voltage of the power supply 120 at its input terminal V1. The gate of the switch T201 in the boost circuit 160 is connected to a controller (e.g., a PWM controller) to control the on / off switching of the switch T201 based on a signal (e.g., a PWM signal) output from the controller's output signal terminal. The operating principle of the boost circuit 160 includes the following: During the charging process of the boost circuit 160, the switch T201 is closed, and the input voltage flows through the inductor L201. The diode D201 prevents the capacitor C202 from discharging to ground. Because the input is direct current, the current in the inductor L201 increases linearly at a rate that is related to the size of the inductor L201. As the current in the inductor L201 increases linearly, the magnetic field energy stored in the inductor L201 also increases linearly. During the discharge process of the boost circuit 160, the switch T201 is disconnected. When switch T201 is turned off, due to the current-holding characteristics of inductor L201, the current flowing through inductor L201 does not immediately drop to zero. Instead, it slowly decreases from its charged value to zero. Since the original circuit is disconnected, inductor L201 can only discharge through the new circuit. This means that inductor L201 begins to charge capacitor C202, causing the voltage across capacitor C202 to rise. At this point, the output voltage is higher than the input voltage, and the voltage boost is complete. When switch T201 is turned on, current flows from inductor L201, forming a loop through switch T201. At this point, inductor L201 begins charging, and diode D201 is reverse-blocked. At this point, the output energy is entirely provided by capacitor C202. When switch T201 is turned off, current flows through inductor L201, diode D201, and capacitor C202. The inductor releases energy, acting like a battery in series with the input voltage, powering the load and simultaneously charging capacitor C202.

[0097] In some embodiments, the load signal includes the load magnitude of the drive mechanism 130. The controller 180 is configured to, in response to the load magnitude of the drive mechanism 130 being greater than a preset load value, control the voltage input to the drive mechanism 130 to be increased via the boost circuit 160. The preset load may be preset by a device or manually. For example, in response to the load magnitude of the drive mechanism 130 being greater than the preset load value, the controller 180 may first control the switch T201 to close to charge the inductor L201, and then control the switch T201 to open, causing the inductor L201 to begin charging the capacitor C202, thereby completing the voltage boost.

[0098] In some embodiments of this specification, when the load size of the driving mechanism 130 is greater than a preset load value, the voltage input to the driving mechanism 130 can be automatically increased through the cooperation of the boost circuit 160 and the controller 180 to meet the voltage requirement of the load of the driving mechanism 130.

[0099] As shown in FIG3 , in some embodiments, the circuit of the power supply device 100 includes a drive circuit 170 , and the power output end of the power supply 120 and the energy storage output end of the energy storage device 140 are electrically connected to the drive mechanism 130 through the drive circuit 170 .

[0100] The driving circuit 170 is a circuit for changing the direction of current, thereby changing the rotation direction of the motor.

[0101] Figure 6 is an exemplary circuit diagram of a drive circuit according to some embodiments of this specification. Figure 6 can be used to understand some of the following embodiments. However, the figure is merely illustrative of some of the embodiments and does not limit the embodiments. For example, the function of changing the current direction can also be achieved through other circuit structures.

[0102] As shown in Figure 6, the drive circuit 170 includes an input terminal V3 and an output terminal V4. It should be noted that the input terminal V3 is merely an example, and the input terminal of the drive circuit 170 can also be the input terminal V1. The drive circuit 170 includes two branches arranged in parallel between the input terminal V3 and the output terminal V4; one branch is provided with a capacitor C301, and the other branch is provided with switches T301, T302, T303, and T304; the other branch can be further configured to include two parallel sub-branches, one of which is provided with switches T301 and T302 connected in series, and the other sub-branch is provided with switches T303 and T304 connected in series. The drive circuit 170 also includes a resistor R301. One end of the switch transistor T302 is connected to one end of the switch transistor T301, the other end of the switch transistor T302 is connected to one end of the resistor R301, one end of the switch transistor T304 is connected to one end of the switch transistor T303, and the other end of the switch transistor T304 is connected to one end of the resistor R301. One end of the capacitor C301 is connected to the other end of the switch transistor T301 and the other end of the switch transistor T303, and the other end of the capacitor C301 is connected to the other end of the resistor R301. The capacitor C301 is provided at the input terminal V3, and the output terminal V4 is electrically connected to the motor M. The positive electrode (or negative electrode) of the motor M can be connected between the switch T301 and the switch T302, and the negative electrode (or positive electrode) of the motor M can be connected between the switch T303 and the switch T304. Specifically, the switches T301, T302, T303, and T304 can be MOS transistors. The input terminal V3 of the drive circuit 170 receives the output voltage of the power supply 120 (or the output voltage after being boosted by the boost circuit 160). The gate of the switch tube of the drive circuit 170 is connected to a controller (e.g., a PWM controller) to control the on and off of the switch tube according to the signal output by the output signal terminal of the controller (e.g., a PWM signal). The operating principle of the drive circuit 170 includes the following: the four switch tubes in the drive circuit 170 are used to control the forward and reverse rotation of the motor. For example, when the switch tubes T301 and T304 are disconnected and the switch tubes T302 and T303 are closed, the motor M can be controlled to rotate forward. When the switch tubes T301 and T304 are closed and the switch tubes T302 and T303 are disconnected, the motor M can be controlled to rotate reversely. The resistor R301 is used to detect current.

[0103] In some embodiments, the load signal includes the load direction of the drive mechanism, and the controller is configured to control the direction of the current input to the drive mechanism 130 via the drive circuit 170 based on the load direction of the drive mechanism 130. For example, when the direction of the torque to be output is determined based on the load direction, the controller 180 can control the direction of the current input to the drive mechanism 130 via the drive circuit 170. For example, the forward and reverse rotation states of the motor M can be changed by changing the on / off states of various MOS switches in the drive circuit 170, thereby controlling the direction of the current input to the drive mechanism 130.

[0104] In some embodiments of this specification, the direction of the current input to the driving mechanism is controlled according to the load direction of the driving mechanism, and the rotation direction of the panel unit controlled by the driving mechanism can be controlled according to the direction of the external force acting on the panel unit, so that the panel unit can operate safely and maintain balance without tipping over.

[0105] Figure 7 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a photovoltaic panel according to some embodiments of this specification. Some of the following embodiments may be understood with reference to Figure 7, but the figure is only a schematic illustration of some of the embodiments and does not constitute a limitation of the embodiments.

[0106] As shown in FIG7 , in some embodiments, the photovoltaic panel 110 includes a plurality of panel units connected in series; a positive terminal 721 is drawn between a first panel unit 711 and a second panel unit 712 of the plurality of panel units, and a negative terminal 722 is drawn between a third panel unit 713 and a fourth panel unit 714 of the plurality of panel units; the positive terminal 721 and the negative terminal 722 are connected to the power source 120. By connecting the positive terminal 721 and the negative terminal 722 to the power source 120, the power source 120 can draw power from the photovoltaic panel.

[0107] The panel unit may be a single panel constituting the photovoltaic panel 110. The number of panel units may be set based on actual needs, and this specification does not impose any limitation thereto.

[0108] In some embodiments, the first panel unit 711, the second panel unit 712, the third panel unit 713 and the fourth panel unit 714 are different panel units in a plurality of panel units. In some embodiments, the second panel unit 712 and the third panel unit 713 can be the same panel unit in a plurality of panel units.

[0109] In some embodiments, multiple panel units can be connected in a variety of ways. For example, multiple panel units can be arranged in a row to form a multi-row panel unit string. The multiple panel units in each row of the panel unit string are sequentially connected in series. Panel unit strings in different rows are connected in series through the outermost panel units.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first panel unit 711 and the second panel unit 712 may be located in the same row of panel unit strings. Accordingly, when installing the photovoltaic panel 110, two panel units may be randomly or manually designated as the first panel unit 711 and the second panel unit 712 in the same row of panel unit strings. In some embodiments, the first panel unit 711 and the second panel unit 712 may be located in different rows of panel unit strings. Accordingly, when installing the photovoltaic panel 110, two panel units may be randomly or manually designated as the first panel unit 711 and the second panel unit 712 in different rows of panel unit strings.

[0111] In some embodiments, the third panel unit 713 and the fourth panel unit 714 may be located in the same row of panel unit strings. Accordingly, when installing the photovoltaic panel 110, two panel units may be randomly or manually designated as the third panel unit 713 and the fourth panel unit 714 in the same row of panel unit strings. In some embodiments, the third panel unit 713 and the fourth panel unit 714 may be located in different rows of panel unit strings. Accordingly, when installing the photovoltaic panel 110, two panel units may be randomly or manually designated as the third panel unit 713 and the fourth panel unit 714 in different rows of panel unit strings.

[0112] In some embodiments, the first panel unit 711, the second panel unit 712, the third panel unit 713, and the fourth panel unit 714 can be located in the same row of panel unit strings. In this embodiment, the first panel unit 711, the second panel unit 712, the third panel unit 713, and the fourth panel unit 714 can be arranged in series, and the first panel unit 711 and the second panel unit 712 are adjacent (adjacent here means that under the premise that the four panel units of the first panel unit 711, the second panel unit 712, the third panel unit 713, and the fourth panel unit 714 are connected in series in sequence, other panel units other than the first panel unit 711 and the second panel unit 712 can be connected in series), and the third panel unit 713 and the fourth panel unit 714 are adjacent (the adjacent positions here are similar to the above). In this embodiment, there is no restriction on the positional order between the first panel unit 711 and the second panel unit 712, and there is no restriction on the positional order between the third panel unit 713 and the fourth panel unit 714. It should be noted that when setting the first panel unit 711, the second panel unit 712, the third panel unit 713 and the fourth panel unit 714, it is necessary to ensure that the potential between the first panel unit 711 and the second panel unit 712 is higher than the potential between the third panel unit 713 and the fourth panel unit 714.

[0113] Positive terminal 721 and negative terminal 722 can be connected to the power input and power output of power supply 120, respectively. When irradiated by light, the photovoltaic panel 110 generates electricity that flows from the positive terminal 721 into the power input of power supply 120, thereby powering power supply 120. Furthermore, the electricity flows from the power output of power supply 120 and into the negative terminal 722. In this way, power supply 120 draws power from the photovoltaic panel 110.

[0114] In some embodiments of the present specification, by leading out positive and negative terminals from a plurality of panel units connected in series, it is facilitated for a power source to obtain electricity from a photovoltaic panel.

[0115] As shown in Figure 7, in some embodiments, the power supply device 100 includes a positive interface 741 and a negative interface 742, and the positive interface 741 and the negative interface 742 are connected to the power supply 120 through a rectifier bridge 730; the positive interface 741 is connected to any one of the positive terminal 721 and the negative terminal 721, and the negative interface 742 is connected to the other of the positive terminal 721 and the negative terminal 722.

[0116] Electrons flow from the positive electrode interface 741 into the power supply 120 and then flow out from the negative electrode interface 742 to form an electric current. The rectifier bridge 730 is a device for converting alternating current into direct current. In this embodiment, the rectifier bridge 730 can convert the polarity of the voltage (such as converting a negative voltage into a positive voltage). Specifically, the rectifier bridge 730 can have four pins, including a positive pin, a negative pin and two AC pins. The positive pin can be connected to the positive pole of the power supply 120, the negative pin can be connected to the negative pole of the power supply 120, and the two AC pins can be connected to the positive interface 741 and the negative interface 742 respectively.

[0117] In some embodiments, when the power supply device 100 does not include a rectifier bridge 730, the positive terminal 741 must be connected to the positive terminal 721, and the negative terminal 742 must be connected to the negative terminal 722 to ensure that the positive and negative poles are properly connected so that the photovoltaic panel 110 can properly supply power. During the installation of photovoltaic power generation equipment, workers have difficulty determining the polarity of the terminals, which often leads to reverse polarity, significantly reducing installation efficiency.

[0118] By comparison, it can be seen that in some embodiments of this specification, the photovoltaic panel 110 is connected to the power supply 120 through the rectifier bridge 730, which can change the polarity of the voltage to form a complete path, effectively ensuring that the photovoltaic panel 110 can normally supply power to the power supply 120 when the positive and negative poles are connected reversely.

[0119] As shown in Figure 7, in some embodiments, the photovoltaic panel 110 includes a first tee 751 and a second tee 752, the first tee 751 includes two first positive ports and one first negative port, and the second tee 752 includes two second negative ports and one second positive port; the first positive port and the first negative port of the first tee 751 are respectively connected to the first panel unit 711 and the second panel unit 712, and the other first positive port serves as the positive terminal 721; the second positive port and the second negative port of the second tee 752 are respectively connected to the third panel unit 713 and the fourth panel unit 714, and the other second negative port serves as the negative terminal 722.

[0120] The first three-way connector 751 and the second three-way connector 752 are different three-way connectors that can connect multiple power supplies or multiple devices together through three wires and connect them to the same circuit.

[0121] In some embodiments, the positive electrode interface 741 can be connected to the power supply 120 through a fuse (not shown in FIG7 ). In some embodiments, the positive electrode interface 741 can be connected to the rectifier bridge 730 through a fuse and then connected to the power supply 120 .

[0122] The fuse may be an MC4 fuse or other type. When the output current exceeds a specified value for a period of time, the fuse generates heat to melt the fuse element, disconnecting the circuit and achieving circuit overload / overcurrent protection.

[0123] Figure 8 is an exemplary schematic diagram of a buckle structure according to some embodiments of this specification. Some of the following embodiments may be understood with reference to Figure 8, but the figure is only a schematic diagram of some of the embodiments and does not constitute a limitation of the embodiments.

[0124] As shown in FIG8 , the power supply device 100 further includes a housing 800 , the power supply 120 is disposed in the housing 800 , and a snap-fit ​​structure 810 is provided on the housing 800 , and the snap-fit ​​structure 810 is used to fix the cable 820 .

[0125] The shell 800 is the outermost structure of the power supply device 100. The shell 800 can be a closed cavity structure. The internal cavity can be used to accommodate components such as the power supply 120 and circuits. In some embodiments, the shell 800 can be made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant materials. In some embodiments, a through hole can be provided on the shell 800 for introducing the cable 820 into the interior of the shell 800. In some embodiments, a baffle for blocking the through hole can also be provided on the shell 800 to achieve a windproof and waterproof effect. In some embodiments, a wiring channel can be provided on the shell 800 to guide the layout of the cable 820.

[0126] The snap-fit ​​structure 810 is used to secure the cable 820. In some embodiments, the snap-fit ​​structure 810 can be positioned near a through-hole to secure the cable introduced into the housing 800. In some embodiments, the snap-fit ​​structure 810 can also be positioned along the routing path of the cable 820 to organize the cable 820. In some embodiments, the snap-fit ​​structure 810 can take various forms, such as a cable clip, a cable buckle, or a cable hook. In some embodiments, the snap-fit ​​structure 810 includes an upper shell and a lower shell, and the snap-fitting of the upper and lower shells secures the cable 820.

[0127] In some embodiments of this specification, a snap-fit ​​structure 810 is provided on the housing 800 to prevent the positive and negative terminals from shaking, better organize the cable 820, and maintain consistent installation of the cable 820. Providing a snap-fit ​​structure on the routing path of the cable 820 allows for better organization of the cable 820 and reduces the workload of securing the cable 820.

[0128] Some embodiments of this specification also provide a photovoltaic power generation device. In some embodiments, the photovoltaic power generation device includes a plurality of panel units arranged along a first direction, a track extending along the first direction, and a cleaning robot disposed on the track. The cleaning robot is used to clean the surface of the panel units.

[0129] In some embodiments, the first direction can be manually set. In some embodiments, the cleaning robot can serve as a load of the power supply device, performing a cleaning operation on the panel unit under the output voltage of the power supply device. In some embodiments, the cleaning robot can clean the panel unit during the night. In this case, the cleaning robot can be powered by the energy storage device in the power supply device.

[0130] In some embodiments, an energy storage device (e.g., a battery, etc.) can be provided on the cleaning robot, and the power supply and / or energy storage device in the power supply device can charge the energy storage device so that the cleaning robot can clean the panel unit of the photovoltaic power generation device.

[0131] In some embodiments, photovoltaic panels and energy storage devices can be set on the cleaning robot. The photovoltaic panels on the cleaning robot can generate electricity during the day and store the generated electricity in the energy storage device. The energy storage device can supply power to the cleaning robot at night so that the cleaning robot can clean the panel unit of the photovoltaic power generation device.

[0132] To prevent the photovoltaic panels on the cleaning robot from failing and affecting its use, in some embodiments, the photovoltaic power generation device also includes a charging station connected to the energy storage output terminal of the energy storage device in the power supply device. The energy storage device is provided with a charging plug that is compatible with the charging station. When the charging plug of the energy storage device is paired with the charging station of the photovoltaic power generation device, the photovoltaic power generation device can charge the energy storage device. For more information about the energy storage device, please refer to the relevant description above.

[0133] In some embodiments, the charging station can also be connected to the power output terminal of the power supply in the power supply device. After the photovoltaic power generation equipment generates electricity during the daytime, it can supply power to the power supply.

[0134] In some embodiments, the cleaning robot is provided with a charging terminal adapted for use with a charging base. When the charging terminal of the cleaning robot is paired with the charging base of the photovoltaic power generation device, the power supply device charges the cleaning robot. For example, when the charging terminal of the cleaning robot is paired with the charging base of the photovoltaic power generation device, the power supply and / or energy storage device in the power supply device can charge the cleaning robot.

[0135] In some embodiments, there may be multiple charging bases, and the multiple charging bases are spaced apart along the first direction. In this embodiment, the cleaning robot can clean multiple panel units in sequence along the first direction in a variety of ways. For example, an energy storage device is provided in the cleaning robot. When the cleaning robot is paired with the charging base of the photovoltaic power generation device through the charging plug on it, the power supply device (for example, a power supply and / or an energy storage device) can charge the energy storage device. At the same time, the cleaning robot can synchronously clean multiple panel units that are within the cleaning range of the paired charging base (the cleaning range of the cleaning robot at each charging base is related to the length of the power cord of the cleaning robot). When the cleaning robot needs to clean other panel units outside the cleaning range of the currently paired charging base, the charging plug of the cleaning robot can be paired with charging bases at other locations.

[0136] In some embodiments of this specification, a cleaning robot can be provided to clean the panel units, thereby preventing the panel units from becoming dirty and reducing power generation efficiency. By drawing power from the photovoltaic power generation equipment to power the cleaning robot, the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation equipment can be effectively utilized while avoiding the inconvenience caused by additional wiring. By incorporating an energy storage device into the cleaning robot, the cleaning robot can be used to clean the panel units at night, avoiding the impact of daytime cleaning on the normal operation of the photovoltaic power generation equipment.

[0137] The basic concepts have been described above. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the above disclosures are merely illustrative and do not constitute limitations of this specification. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and revisions to this specification. Such modifications, improvements, and revisions are suggested in this specification and remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification.

[0138] This specification also uses specific terms to describe the embodiments of this specification. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" two or more times in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of this specification may be appropriately combined.

[0139] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the presentation of this specification and thus facilitate understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments of this specification sometimes combine multiple features into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of this specification requires more features than those recited in the claims. In fact, an embodiment may have fewer features than all of the features of a single disclosed embodiment.

[0140] In some embodiments, numbers are used to describe the quantity of components and attributes. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by modifiers such as "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical data used in the description and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the required features of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical data should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining digits. Although the numerical fields and data used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of this specification are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the settings of such numerical values ​​are as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

[0141] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are intended only to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this specification. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this specification. Therefore, by way of example and not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this specification may be considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of this specification are not limited to the embodiments explicitly described and illustrated in this specification.

Claims

1. A power supply device for a photovoltaic power generation device, characterized in that The power supply device includes a photovoltaic panel, a power supply, and a driving mechanism. The power supply is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel and the driving mechanism. The photovoltaic panel supplies power to the power supply, and the power supply supplies power to the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is used to drive the photovoltaic panel to adjust the tilt angle.

2. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that The power supply device further includes an electrical energy storage device. The power supply is arranged in parallel with the electrical energy storage device. The power output terminal of the power supply and the energy storage output terminal of the electrical energy storage device are both electrically connected to the driving mechanism. The power output terminal of the power supply is also electrically connected to the energy storage input terminal of the electrical energy storage device.

3. The power supply device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply device further includes a controller, which is configured to: Obtain a load signal; Control the circuit of the power supply device based on the load signal.

4. The power supply device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The output voltage value of the power supply includes a first voltage value and a second voltage value, and the first voltage value is greater than the second voltage value. The output voltage value of the electrical energy storage device includes a third voltage value, and the second voltage value is equal to the third voltage value. The circuit of the power supply device includes a power supply control circuit. The controller is configured to: Judge whether the power supply is overloaded based on the load signal; In response to the overload of the power supply, control the power supply control circuit to reduce the output voltage of the power supply from the first voltage value to the second voltage value.

5. The power supply device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The load signal includes the output current of the power supply. The controller is configured to: Judge that the power supply is overloaded in response to the output current of the power supply being greater than a preset threshold; In response to the overload of the power supply, control the duty ratio of the power supply to decrease through the power supply control circuit, so that the output voltage of the power supply decreases from the first voltage value to the second voltage value.

6. The power supply device according to claim 5, wherein The circuit of the power supply device includes a charging circuit. The power output terminal of the power supply and the energy storage input terminal of the electrical energy storage device are connected through the charging circuit. The load signal includes the output voltage of the power supply. The controller is configured to: Control whether the charging circuit charges the electrical energy storage device based on the output voltage of the power supply.

7. The power supply device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The circuit of the power supply device includes a boost circuit. The power output terminal of the power supply and the energy storage output terminal of the electrical energy storage device are both electrically connected to the driving mechanism through the boost circuit. The load signal includes the load size of the driving mechanism. The controller is configured to: In response to the load size of the driving mechanism being greater than a preset load value, control the voltage input to the driving mechanism to increase through the boost circuit.

8. The power supply device according to claim 3, characterized in that The circuit of the power supply device includes a driving circuit. The power output terminal of the power supply and the energy storage output terminal of the electrical energy storage device are electrically connected to the driving mechanism through the driving circuit. The load signal includes the load direction of the driving mechanism. The controller is configured to: Control the current direction input to the driving mechanism through the driving circuit based on the load direction of the driving mechanism.

9. The power supply device according to claim 3, wherein The power supply device includes a first operating mode and a second operating mode. The controller is configured to: In response to being in the first operating mode, control the photovoltaic panel to supply power to the power supply, and the power supply to supply power to the driving mechanism; At a preset time, control the driving mechanism to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic panel to a safe angle and enter the second operating mode; In response to being in the second operating mode, control the electrical energy storage device to supply power to the driving mechanism.

10. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic panel includes a plurality of panel units connected in series; a positive terminal is led out between the first panel unit and the second panel unit among the plurality of panel units, and a negative terminal is led out between the third panel unit and the fourth panel unit among the plurality of panel units; the positive terminal and the negative terminal are connected to the power source.

11. The power supply device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The power supply device includes a positive interface and a negative interface, and the positive interface and the negative interface are connected to the power source through a rectifier bridge; the positive interface is connected to any one of the positive terminal and the negative terminal, and the negative interface is connected to the other of the positive terminal and the negative terminal.

12. The power supply device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The photovoltaic panel includes a first tee joint and a second tee joint. The first tee joint includes two first positive ports and one first negative port, and the second tee joint includes two second negative ports and one second positive port; the first positive port and the first negative port of the first tee joint are respectively connected to the first panel unit and the second panel unit, and the other first positive port serves as the positive terminal; the second positive port and the second negative port of the second tee joint are respectively connected to the third panel unit and the fourth panel unit, and the other second negative port serves as the negative terminal.

13. The power supply device according to claim 11, wherein The positive interface is connected to the power source through a fuse.

14. The power supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply device further includes a housing, the power source is arranged in the housing, and a snap structure is arranged on the housing, and the snap structure is used for fixing the cable.

15. A photovoltaic power generation device, characterized in that, The photovoltaic power generation device includes a plurality of panel units arranged along a first direction, a track extending along the first direction, and a cleaning robot arranged on the track; the cleaning robot is used for cleaning the surface of the panel units; the photovoltaic power generation device further includes a charging seat, and the charging seat is connected to the energy storage output terminal of the electrical energy storage device in the power supply device according to any one of claims 2-9; a charging end head adapted to the charging seat is arranged on the cleaning robot, and when the charging end head is paired with the charging seat, the power supply device charges the cleaning robot.

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