Cooling system with heat exchanger for internal combustion engine

Abstract

A cooling system with a heat exchanger for an internal combustion engine, comprising a first radiator (1), a second radiator (2) and a water-to-air intercooler (3). The first radiator (1) is provided with a first radiator core (1A) and two first radiator water chambers (1B); the first radiator core (1A) is sequentially partitioned into a primary radiator core (11) and a secondary radiator core (12) in the air feeding direction; the first radiator water chamber (1B) at one end is a central water chamber; the primary radiator core (11) and the secondary radiator core (12) are both communicated with the central water chamber (13); and the first radiator water chamber (1B) at the other end is partitioned into a first water discharge chamber (15) communicated with the primary radiator core (11) and a first water feeding chamber (14) communicated with the secondary radiator core (12). The water-to-air intercooler (3) is provided with a water inlet (31), a first water outlet (32) and a second water outlet (33), the first water outlet (32) and the second water outlet (33) being respectively located at an air feeding side (3A) and an air discharge side (3B); the first water discharge chamber (15) is communicated with the water inlet (31) by means of a first water pump (41); the first water outlet (32) is communicated with the first water feeding chamber (14); and the second water outlet (33) is communicated with the central water chamber (13). The cooling system with the heat exchanger for the internal combustion engine can reduce the external dimension of the cooling system while increasing the ultimate operating temperature.

Description

Heat exchanger cooling system for internal combustion engine

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent applications filed with the Patent Office of China on December 28, 2023, with application number 202311838568.6 and title “A heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine”; application number 202323615734.4 and title “A heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine”; application number 202323615791.2 and title “A radiator for an internal combustion engine”; and application number 202323615793.1 and title “A water-to-air intercooler”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application belongs to the technical field of internal combustion engine cooling, and in particular relates to a heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine. Background Art

[0003] The cooling system of an internal combustion engine significantly impacts its reliability. If the high-temperature coolant flowing through the engine cylinder is too hot, the engine is susceptible to cylinder scuffing. If the low-temperature coolant flowing through the water-to-air intercooler is too hot, the engine's intake air temperature will be too high, making the engine even more susceptible to cylinder explosion. Therefore, if either the heat exchanger or the water-to-air intercooler in the cooling system is not performing adequately, meaning either the high-temperature coolant or the low-temperature coolant is too hot, the engine can be damaged. Furthermore, to avoid damage to the engine due to poor heat dissipation and excessive coolant temperatures, the engine must be operated at reduced power, significantly limiting its effectiveness.

[0004] The cooling system of an internal combustion engine typically employs a high- and low-temperature heat dissipation system, as shown in Figure 1. This system comprises a high-temperature heat exchanger, a low-temperature heat exchanger, and a water-to-air intercooler. High-temperature coolant in the high-temperature heat exchanger dissipates heat from the internal combustion engine, while low-temperature coolant in the low-temperature heat exchanger flows into the water-to-air intercooler to dissipate heat from the turbocharged intake air. The high- and low-temperature heat exchangers are arranged side by side, with the intake air first passing through the low-temperature heat exchanger and then the high-temperature heat exchanger. The heat dissipation of the heat exchanger in this high- and low-temperature heat dissipation system is calculated as follows: heat dissipation area × heat transfer coefficient × average temperature difference. Since the refrigerant in this system is air and the heat medium is antifreeze, the average temperature difference is constrained by ambient temperature and engine parameters, while the heat transfer coefficient is constrained by air volume, flow rate, and heat exchanger structure. Therefore, in traditional designs, the average temperature difference and heat transfer coefficient are generally treated as constants. To increase heat dissipation, the heat dissipation area is typically increased. However, the low-temperature heat exchanger has a smaller average temperature difference, requiring a larger heat dissipation area to meet the heat dissipation requirements. This is the reason for the larger frontal area of ​​the cooling system. Furthermore, the extreme ambient operating temperature significantly impacts the reliability of internal combustion engines. The higher the ambient temperature, the smaller the temperature difference between the ambient and intake air temperatures, making heat exchange more difficult and dissipating heat more challenging. More specifically, the inlet air temperature of the heat exchanger rises with increasing ambient temperature, while the coolant temperature rises after cooling in the low-temperature heat exchanger. Since the intake air needs to be cooled by the coolant after cooling in the low-temperature heat exchanger, and the intake air temperature after turbocharging also rises with increasing ambient temperature, the intake air temperature remains high after the coolant enters the water-to-air intercooler to dissipate heat, thus reducing the temperature difference between the ambient and intake air temperatures. Current methods for increasing heat dissipation require increasing the heat dissipation area of ​​the low-temperature heat exchanger, thereby reducing the coolant temperature entering the water-to-air intercooler and, consequently, the intake air temperature. However, this further increases the size of the cooling system. With conventional radiator structures, achieving a higher extreme operating temperature while reducing the radiator's overall dimensions is extremely difficult.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to at least one shortcoming in the related art, the present application provides a heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine.

[0007] The present application provides a heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine, comprising a first radiator, a second radiator, and a water-to-air intercooler;

[0008] The first radiator and the second radiator are sequentially arranged along the air inlet direction, the first radiator comprising a first radiator core and two first radiator water chambers arranged at both ends of the first radiator core;

[0009] The first radiator core is divided into a primary radiator core and a secondary radiator core in sequence along the air inlet direction. The first radiator water chamber at one end is a middle water chamber, and both the primary radiator core and the secondary radiator core are connected to the middle water chamber. The first radiator water chamber at the other end is divided into a first water outlet chamber connected to the primary radiator core and a first water inlet chamber connected to the secondary radiator core.

[0010] The second radiator comprises a second radiator core and two second radiator water chambers provided at both ends of the second radiator core; the second radiator water chamber at one end is connected to the coolant inlet of the internal combustion engine via a second water pump, and the second radiator water chamber at the other end is connected to the coolant outlet of the internal combustion engine;

[0011] The water-to-air intercooler has a water inlet and a water outlet, the water outlet includes a first water outlet and a second water outlet, the two sides of the water-to-air intercooler are respectively an air inlet side and an air outlet side, and the first water outlet and the second water outlet are respectively located on the air inlet side and the air outlet side;

[0012] The first water outlet chamber is connected to the water inlet through the first water pump, the first water outlet is connected to the first water inlet chamber, and the second water outlet is connected to the intermediate water chamber.

[0013] In some embodiments, the primary radiator core and the secondary radiator core are separated by the first radiator core, and the first water inlet chamber and the first water outlet chamber are separated by the first radiator water chamber.

[0014] In some embodiments, the water-to-air intercooler has a first intercooler water chamber and a second intercooler water chamber at both ends, the water inlet is arranged in the first intercooler water chamber, and the first water outlet and the second water outlet are arranged in the second intercooler water chamber.

[0015] In some embodiments, the water inlet is located on the air outlet side.

[0016] In some embodiments, the second intercooler water chamber is divided into two compartments by a partition, and the first water outlet and the second water outlet are respectively provided on the two compartments.

[0017] In some embodiments, the water-to-air intercooler has a first intercooler water chamber, a second intercooler water chamber and a third intercooler water chamber. The first intercooler water chamber and the third intercooler water chamber are respectively located on the air outlet side and the air inlet side, and are both located at the same end of the water-to-air intercooler. The second intercooler water chamber is located at the other end of the water-to-air intercooler. The water inlet is set in the first intercooler water chamber, the first water outlet is set in the third intercooler water chamber, and the second water outlet is set in the second intercooler water chamber.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first radiator and the second radiator are arranged side by side, the width direction of the first radiator and the second radiator is longitudinal, the two second radiator water chambers respectively have a second liquid outlet and a second liquid inlet, the second liquid inlet is connected to the coolant outlet of the internal combustion engine, the second liquid outlet is connected to the coolant inlet of the internal combustion engine through a second water pump, and the second liquid outlet and the second liquid inlet are respectively located on both sides in the longitudinal direction;

[0019] The first water inlet chamber, the first water outlet chamber and the middle water chamber respectively have a first liquid inlet, a first liquid outlet and an intermediate liquid inlet. The first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet are located at the same end and on the side away from the second liquid outlet in the longitudinal direction. The first liquid inlet is located between the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet, and the intermediate liquid inlet is located on the side away from the second liquid inlet in the longitudinal direction.

[0020] Based on the above technical solution, the first radiator in the embodiment of the present application has two radiator cores, and the two radiator cores are connected in series through an intermediate water chamber, and the coolant on the outlet side of the water-to-air intercooler is introduced into the intermediate water chamber, thereby improving the average temperature difference of the first radiator, and improving the heat dissipation performance of the cooling system without increasing the heat dissipation area or even reducing the heat dissipation area. The cooling system can ensure the normal operation of the internal combustion engine under higher extreme use environments, and can reduce the external dimensions of the cooling system while increasing the extreme use temperature, thereby solving the problems of weak heat dissipation performance, low extreme use environment temperature, and large external dimensions in traditional structural cooling systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0022] FIG1 is a block diagram of a high and low temperature heat dissipation system in the prior art;

[0023] FIG2 is a schematic diagram (side view) of a first embodiment of a heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine according to the present application;

[0024] FIG3 is a schematic diagram (side view) of a second embodiment of a heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine according to the present application;

[0025] FIG4 is a schematic diagram (side view) of a third embodiment of a heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine according to the present application;

[0026] FIG5 is a schematic diagram (front view) of a fourth embodiment of a heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine according to the present application;

[0027] In the figure: 1. First radiator; 1A. First radiator core; 1B. First radiator water chamber; 11. Primary radiator core; 12. Secondary radiator core; 13. Intermediate water chamber; 14. First water inlet chamber; 15. First water outlet chamber; 101. First liquid inlet; 102. First liquid outlet; 103. Intermediate liquid inlet; 2. Second radiator; 2A. Second radiator core; 2B. Second radiator water chamber; 201. Second liquid inlet; 202. Second liquid outlet; 3. Water-to-air intercooler; 3A. Inlet side; 3B. Outlet side; 31. Water inlet; 32. First water outlet; 33. Second water outlet; 34. First intercooler water chamber; 35. Second intercooler water chamber; 35A. Compartment; 36. Intercooler core; 361. First intercooler core; 362. Second intercooler core; 37. Partition; 38. Third intercooler water chamber; 4. Water pump; 41. First water pump; 42. Second water pump; 5. Internal combustion engine; 61. Low-temperature heat exchanger; 62. High-temperature heat exchanger; 7. Cooling fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0030] The terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly specify the quantity of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first," "second," or "third" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 , in an illustrative embodiment of a heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine provided in the present application, the heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine includes a first radiator 1 , a second radiator 2 and a water-to-air intercooler 3 .

[0033] The first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 are arranged sequentially along the air inlet direction. The first radiator 1 comprises a first radiator core 1A and two first radiator water chambers 1B disposed at either end of the first radiator core 1A. The first radiator core 1A is divided into a primary radiator core 11 and a secondary radiator core 12 along the air inlet direction. The first radiator water chamber 1B at one end is a middle water chamber 13, with both the primary radiator core 11 and the secondary radiator core 12 connected to the middle water chamber 13. The first radiator water chamber 1B at the other end is divided into a first water outlet chamber 15 connected to the primary radiator core 11 and a first water inlet chamber 14 connected to the secondary radiator core 12.

[0034] The second radiator 2 has a second radiator core 2A and two second radiator water chambers 2B arranged at both ends of the second radiator core 2A; the second radiator water chamber 2B at the first end is connected to the coolant inlet of the internal combustion engine 5 through the second water pump 42, and the second radiator water chamber 2B at the second end is connected to the coolant outlet of the internal combustion engine 5.

[0035] The water-to-air intercooler 3 has a water inlet 31 and a water outlet. The water outlet includes a first water outlet 32 ​​and a second water outlet 33. The two sides of the water-to-air intercooler 3 are the air inlet side 3A and the air outlet side 3B, respectively. The first water outlet 32 ​​and the second water outlet 33 are located on the air inlet side 3A and the air outlet side 3B, respectively; the first water outlet chamber 15 is connected to the water inlet 31 through the first water pump 41, and the first water outlet 32 ​​is connected to the first water inlet chamber 14; the second water outlet 33 is connected to the middle water chamber 13.

[0036] Driven by the first water pump 41, the first coolant flowing out of the first water outlet chamber 15 flows to the water-to-air intercooler 3 and is then divided into two parts. The first part flows to the first water inlet chamber 14 through the first water outlet 32 ​​and then flows to the middle water chamber 13 through the secondary radiator core 12; the second part flows to the middle water chamber 13 through the second water outlet 33 and merges with the first part of the first coolant flowing into the middle water chamber 13 from the first water inlet chamber 14. The merged first coolant flows to the first water outlet chamber 15 through the primary radiator core 11 and is pumped out again by the first water pump 41 to circulate the first coolant.

[0037] Driven by the second water pump 42, the second coolant flowing out of the second radiator water chamber 2B at the first end of the second radiator 2 flows into the internal combustion engine 5 through the coolant inlet, then flows out of the internal combustion engine 5 through the coolant outlet, and flows into the second radiator water chamber 2B at the second end of the second radiator 2, and then flows through the second radiator core 2A to the second radiator water chamber 2B at the first end of the second radiator 2, and is pumped out again by the second water pump 42 to circulate the second coolant.

[0038] Turbocharged intake air is drawn in through intake side 3A and out through outlet side 3B, passing through water-to-air intercooler 3. The hot intake air exchanges heat with the primary coolant in water-to-air intercooler 3, cooling it before being blown out. The primary coolant absorbs heat from the intake air in water-to-air intercooler 3, raising its temperature.

[0039] As the incoming air passes through the first and second radiators 1 and 2, the coolant exchanges heat with the incoming air as it flows from the water chamber at one end of the radiator through the radiator core to the water chamber at the other end. The incoming air then passes through the primary radiator core 11, the secondary radiator core 12, and the second radiator core 2A, exchanging heat with the first coolant in the primary radiator core 11, the first coolant in the secondary radiator core 12, and the second coolant in the second radiator core 2A. As the incoming air passes through the three radiator cores, its temperature gradually increases.

[0040] As the turbocharged intake air flows from the intake side 3A to the outlet side 3B, its temperature gradually decreases, meaning the intake air temperature at the outlet side 3B is lower than that at the intake side 3A. As the first coolant flows from one end of the water-to-air intercooler 3 to the other, the first coolant flowing near the outlet side 3B exchanges heat with the intake air at the outlet side 3B. Because the intake air temperature at the outlet side 3B is relatively low, the first coolant flowing near the outlet side 3B is relatively low in temperature compared to the first coolant flowing near the intake side 3A. The second portion of the first coolant, which is relatively low in temperature, is delivered to the intermediate water chamber 13 through the second water outlet 33, while the first portion of the first coolant, which is relatively high in temperature, is delivered to the first water inlet chamber 14 through the first water outlet 32.

[0041] As the first portion of the first coolant flows from the first water inlet chamber 14 to the intermediate water chamber 13, it exchanges heat with the intake air, lowering its temperature. In the intermediate water chamber 13, the first portion of the first coolant further cools down after merging with the second portion of the first coolant delivered from the second water outlet 33. The coolant then enters the primary radiator core 11. As the first coolant flows from the intermediate water chamber 13 to the first water outlet chamber 15 within the primary radiator core 11, it exchanges heat with the intake air, lowering its temperature even further. The first coolant is then circulated back to the water-to-air intercooler 3 by the first water pump 41, where it again exchanges heat with the high-temperature intake air.

[0042] The heat generated by the operation of the internal combustion engine 5 is transferred to the second coolant and sent into the second radiator water chamber 2B at the second end of the second radiator 2. In the process of the second coolant flowing from the second radiator water chamber 2B at the second end through the second radiator core 2A to the second radiator water chamber 2B at the first end, the temperature is reduced by heat exchange with the intake air, and then circulated back to the internal combustion engine 5 by the second water pump 42 to dissipate heat from the internal combustion engine 5 again.

[0043] Since the second part of the first coolant with a relatively low temperature is first introduced into the intermediate water chamber 13 between the secondary radiator core 12 and the primary radiator core 11 by the water-to-air intercooler 3, the first part of the first coolant with a relatively high temperature is introduced into the first water inlet chamber 14 by the water-to-air intercooler 3, and heats up in the secondary radiator core 12 through heat exchange with the intake air, so that the temperature of the two parts of the first coolant in the intermediate water chamber 13 after mixing is lower. While the temperature of the first coolant in the first water outlet chamber 15 remains unchanged, the temperature difference of the first coolant at both ends of the primary radiator core 11 is increased, and the temperature difference before and after the intake air passes through the primary radiator core 11 is reduced. Furthermore, since the temperature difference before and after the intake air passes through the primary radiator core 11 is reduced, the temperature of the intake air before passing through the secondary radiator core 12 is lower, and the temperature difference before and after the intake air passes through the secondary radiator core 12 is lower, and ultimately the average temperature difference of the first radiator 1 is larger.

[0044] The conventional cooling system shown in Figure 1 is used to dissipate heat from an internal combustion engine. When the ambient temperature is 45°C, the intake air is at 45°C. To meet the cooling requirements of the water-to-air intercooler for the intake air, the first coolant flowing out of the first end of the low-temperature heat exchanger 61 is at 65°C. This coolant is then pumped through the water inlet of the water-to-air intercooler 3 via the water pump 4, where it remains at 65°C. As the turbocharged intake air passes through the water-to-air intercooler 3, the first coolant exchanges heat with the high-temperature intake air as it flows from the water inlet to the water outlet of the water-to-air intercooler 3. This brings the first coolant flowing out of the outlet of the water-to-air intercooler 3 to 77°C and into the second end of the low-temperature heat exchanger 61. After passing through the water-to-air intercooler 3, the high-temperature intake air is cooled from 240°C to 75°C. The 77°C first coolant is fed from the water-to-air intercooler 3 to the second end of the low-temperature heat exchanger 61. As it flows from the second end of the low-temperature heat exchanger 61 to the first end, it exchanges heat with the 45°C intake air, lowering its temperature to 65°C. It is then fed back to the water-to-air intercooler 3 by the water pump 4. The intake air exiting the low-temperature heat exchanger 61 absorbs heat from the first coolant, raising its temperature to 66°C. The heat generated by the internal combustion engine 5 causes the temperature of the exiting second coolant to reach 100°C. The 100°C second coolant is fed to the second end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 62. As it flows from the second end of the high-temperature heat exchanger 62 to the first end, it exchanges heat with the 66°C intake air, lowering its temperature to 93°C. It is then fed back to the internal combustion engine 5 by the water pump 4. The intake air exiting the high-temperature heat exchanger 62 absorbs heat from the second coolant, raising its temperature to 80°C.

[0045] It can be seen from this that when the conventional cooling system is used to dissipate heat in an internal combustion engine at an ambient temperature of 45°C, the average temperature difference of the low-temperature heat exchanger 61 is 15.1, and the average temperature difference of the high-temperature heat exchanger 62 is 23.3. When the conventional cooling system is used to dissipate heat in an internal combustion engine at an ambient temperature of 50°C, the average temperature difference of the low-temperature heat exchanger 61 is 9.8, and the average temperature difference of the high-temperature heat exchanger 62 is 18.3. This means that as the extreme ambient temperature increases, the average temperature difference between the low-temperature heat exchanger 61 and the high-temperature heat exchanger 62 decreases. To ensure that the heat dissipation capacity of the conventional cooling system meets the heat dissipation requirements of the internal combustion engine, increasing the heat dissipation capacity can only increase the heat dissipation area of ​​the radiator, which cannot achieve the desired results of increasing the extreme ambient temperature and reducing the radiator's overall dimensions.

[0046] The heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine provided by the present application, as shown in Figures 2 to 5, is used for heat dissipation of an internal combustion engine. When the ambient temperature is 50°C and the intake air temperature is 50°C, the operating state of the internal combustion engine and the operating state of the water pump remain unchanged. In order to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the water-to-air intercooler 3 for the intake air, the first coolant flowing out of the first water outlet chamber 15 is also at 65°C and is delivered to the first end of the water-to-air intercooler 3 through the water inlet 31 by the first water pump 41. The first coolant in the first end of the water-to-air intercooler 3 is at 65°C. The intake air after turbocharging passes through the water-to-air intercooler 3. During the process of the first coolant flowing from the first end of the water-to-air intercooler 3 to the second end of the water-to-air intercooler 3, a portion of the first coolant is close to the intake side 3A and the other portion is close to the outlet side 3B, and both are heat-exchanged with the high-temperature intake air. During the process of the high-temperature intake air passing through the water-to-air intercooler 3, the temperature of the intake air is reduced from 240°C on the intake side 3A to 75°C on the outlet side 3B. Since the intake air temperature on the intake side 3A is higher and the intake air temperature on the outlet side 3B is relatively lower, the first coolant flowing near the intake side 3A is heated to 88°C and delivered to the first water inlet chamber 14 through the first water outlet 32, while the first coolant flowing near the outlet side 3B is heated to only 68°C and delivered to the intermediate water chamber 13 through the second water outlet 33. As the 88°C first coolant flows from the first water inlet chamber 14 to the intermediate water chamber 13, it exchanges heat with the 60°C intake air, bringing the temperature of the first coolant flowing through the secondary radiator core 12 and into the intermediate water chamber 13 to 74°C. After merging with the 68°C second coolant, the first coolant is cooled to 71°C and then delivered to the primary radiator core 11. As the 71°C first coolant flows from the intermediate water chamber 13 through the primary radiator core 11 to the first water outlet chamber 15, it exchanges heat with the 50°C intake air, lowering its temperature to 65°C. It is then delivered to the water-to-air intercooler 3 again via the first water pump 41. The intake air exiting the primary radiator core 11, having absorbed heat from the first coolant, rises only to 60°C. This air then enters the secondary radiator core 12, exchanges heat with the higher-temperature first coolant therein, raising its temperature to 71°C upon exiting the secondary radiator core 12. The heat generated by the internal combustion engine causes the temperature of the outflowing second coolant to reach 100°C. The 100°C second coolant is sent to the second radiator water chamber 2B at the second end of the second radiator 2, and in the process of flowing from the second radiator water chamber 2B at the second end through the second radiator core 2A to the second radiator water chamber 2B at the first end, heat exchange is performed with the 71°C intake air, so that the temperature of the second coolant is reduced to 93°C, and is again sent to the internal combustion engine 5 through the second water pump 42, and the intake air flowing out of the second radiator 2 rises to 85°C due to absorbing the heat of the second coolant.

[0047] It can be seen from this that when the heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine of the present application is used for heat dissipation of the internal combustion engine at an ambient temperature of 50°C, the average temperature difference of the first-stage radiator core 11 is 12.9, the average temperature difference of the second-stage radiator core 12 is 15.5, and the average temperature difference of the second radiator 2 is 18.3. By comparison, it can be seen that when the ambient temperature is 50°C, the average temperature difference of the first radiator 1 in the cooling system provided by the present application is significantly greater than the average temperature difference of the low-temperature heat exchanger 61 in the traditional structure cooling system, and is close to the average temperature difference of the traditional structure cooling system when the ambient temperature is 45°C. Among them, the average temperature difference of the secondary radiator core 12 is even greater than the average temperature difference of the traditional structure cooling system when the ambient temperature is 45°C. Therefore, the first radiator 1 in the heat exchanger cooling system for the internal combustion engine of the present application has a larger average temperature difference as a whole. Without increasing the heat dissipation area, it can achieve more heat dissipation, or when reducing the heat dissipation area, the heat dissipation can meet the heat dissipation requirements, and has stronger heat dissipation performance. In the case of higher extreme operating ambient temperatures, the radiator's external dimensions can be kept unchanged or even reduced, that is, it can simultaneously meet the requirements of increasing the extreme operating ambient temperature and reducing the radiator's external dimensions. Through the above analysis, it can be seen that when the cooling system provided by the present application is applied to an ambient temperature of 45°C, it has a larger average temperature difference than when applied to the above-mentioned ambient temperature of 50°C, and also has better heat dissipation performance than the traditional structure cooling system.

[0048] In the above-mentioned exemplary embodiment, the first radiator in the heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine is provided with two radiator cores, and the two radiator cores are connected in series through an intermediate water chamber. The first coolant with a relatively low temperature on the outlet side of the water-to-air intercooler is introduced into the intermediate water chamber, thereby increasing the average temperature difference between the first radiator core and the second radiator core at a higher extreme ambient temperature, that is, increasing the average temperature difference of the entire first radiator. Without increasing or even reducing the heat dissipation area, the heat dissipation requirements of the internal combustion engine are met, the external dimensions of the radiator in the cooling system are reduced, and the problems of weak heat dissipation performance, low extreme ambient temperature, and large external dimensions existing in traditional structural cooling systems are solved.

[0049] In some embodiments, the primary radiator core 11 and the secondary radiator core 12 are separated by the first radiator core 1A, and the first water inlet chamber 14 and the first water outlet chamber 15 are separated by the first radiator water chamber 1B. The primary radiator core 11 and the secondary radiator core 12, as well as the first water inlet chamber 14 and the first water outlet chamber 15, can be separated by partitions or the like. In this embodiment, the primary radiator core 11 and the secondary radiator core 12, as well as the first water inlet chamber 14 and the first water outlet chamber 15, are all integrally formed, making the first radiator 1 more compact and further reducing its overall dimensions.

[0050] In other embodiments, the first-level radiator core 11 and the second-level radiator core 12 are two independent radiator cores respectively. In this case, the intermediate water chamber 13 includes a first intermediate water chamber arranged at one end of the first-level radiator core 11 and a second intermediate water chamber arranged at the second-level radiator core 12, wherein the first intermediate water chamber and the second intermediate water chamber are located at the same end and are connected to each other.

[0051] In some embodiments, the first-stage radiator core 11 and the second-stage radiator core 12 are both arranged vertically, the middle water chamber 13 is located at the top of the first radiator 1, and the first water inlet chamber 14 and the first water outlet chamber 15 are both located at the bottom. Under the action of gravity, it is ensured that all the first coolant can be discharged from the first water outlet chamber 15 of the first radiator 1, ensuring smooth circulation of the first coolant and avoiding part of the first coolant being retained in the first radiator, which leads to a decrease in the first heat dissipation efficiency.

[0052] In the heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine of the present application, the water-to-air intercooler 3 includes an intercooler core 36 and intercooler water chambers located at both ends of the intercooler core 36. It is understood that the intercooler core 36 includes a plurality of radiator tubes (not shown) arranged side by side, each of which forms a flow path for the first coolant. The radiator tubes within the intercooler core 36 are connected through the intercooler water chambers at both ends of the water-to-air intercooler 3. The first coolants within each flow path are relatively independent and do not mix. Therefore, heat exchange does not occur between the radiator tubes and affect their respective temperatures. The radiator tubes near the intake side 3A are exposed to a higher intake air temperature, and the first coolant flowing therein is at a higher temperature. The radiator tubes near the outlet side 3B are exposed to a relatively lower intake air temperature, and the first coolant flowing therein is at a relatively lower temperature. The first coolant merges within the intercooler water chambers at both ends of the water-to-air intercooler 3. Due to the short residence time within the intercooler water chambers, even if some mixing of the first coolants at different temperatures occurs, it will not significantly affect the temperatures of the first portion of the first coolant flowing out of the first water outlet 32 ​​and the second portion of the first coolant flowing out of the second water outlet 33. The specific structure of the water-to-air intercooler can be found in the prior art and will not be detailed in this application.

[0053] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG2 , the water-to-air intercooler 3 has a first intercooler water chamber 34 and a second intercooler water chamber 35 at each end. The water inlet 31 is provided in the first intercooler water chamber 34, and the first water outlet 32 ​​and the second water outlet 33 are provided in the second intercooler water chamber 35. The first water outlet 32 ​​is provided near the air inlet side 3A, and the second water outlet 33 is provided near the air outlet side 3B.

[0054] The first coolant enters the first intercooler water chamber 34 at one end through the water inlet 31, flows through the intercooler core 36 in the middle, and reaches the second intercooler water chamber 35 at the other end. It is then discharged through the first and second water outlets 32 and 33. The intake air passes through the water-to-air intercooler 3 and flows through the intercooler core 36, exchanging heat with the flowing first coolant. The intercooler core 36 has a large surface area, allowing for sufficient heat exchange between the coolant and the incoming air.

[0055] The water-to-air intercooler 3 of a conventional cooling system has its water inlet and outlet located in the middle of its corresponding water tank. After entering the water tank at one end through the water inlet, the coolant is divided into various pipes along the width of the intercooler core. After converging to the center of the water tank at the other end, it flows out through the water outlet. In the embodiment of the present application, the first water outlet 32 ​​and the second water outlet 33 are both located in the second intercooler water chamber 35 at one end. Compared to the conventional water-to-air intercooler, the number and location of the water outlets are changed, allowing the two portions of the first coolant, the higher and lower temperatures after heat exchange with the intake air, to be discharged separately. Simply modifying the conventional water-to-air intercooler can easily produce a water-to-air intercooler with the structure of the present application.

[0056] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3 , the water inlet 31 is located on the air outlet side 3B. The water inlet 31 located on the air outlet side 3B can prevent the first coolant from exchanging heat with the high-temperature intake air immediately after entering the water-to-air intercooler 3, ensuring that the first coolant flowing out of the water-to-air intercooler 3 can be divided into a high-temperature portion (i.e., a first portion) and a low-temperature portion (i.e., a second portion). When the high-temperature intake air passes through the water-to-air intercooler 3, it flows in from the air inlet side 3A and flows out from the air outlet side 3B. During the flow, the temperature of the intake air gradually decreases. The first water outlet 32 ​​and the second water outlet 33 are located on the air inlet side 3A and the air outlet side 3B, respectively. The first coolant with a higher temperature near the air inlet side 3A flows out from the first water outlet 32, and the first coolant with a lower temperature near the air outlet side 3B flows out from the second water outlet 33.

[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG3 , the second intercooler water chamber 35 is divided into two compartments 35A by a partition 37. The first water outlet 32 ​​and the second water outlet 33 are respectively provided in the two compartments 35A. After entering the second intercooler water chamber 35 , the first coolant flowing near the air inlet side 3A and the first coolant flowing near the air outlet side 3B are separated by the partition 37. This prevents the two first coolant portions from mixing, which could result in a temperature increase in the second portion of the first coolant delivered through the second water outlet 33.

[0058] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG4 , the water-to-air intercooler 3 includes a first intercooler water chamber 34, a second intercooler water chamber 35, and a third intercooler water chamber 38. The first intercooler water chamber 34 and the third intercooler water chamber 38 are located on the air outlet side 3B and the air inlet side 3A, respectively, and are both located at the same end of the water-to-air intercooler 3. The second intercooler water chamber 35 is located at the other end of the water-to-air intercooler 3. The water inlet 31 is provided in the first intercooler water chamber 34, the first water outlet 32 ​​is provided in the third intercooler water chamber 38, and the second water outlet 33 is provided in the second intercooler water chamber 35.

[0059] The first coolant enters the first intercooler water chamber 34 at the first end through the water inlet 31, passes through the intercooler core 36 near the air outlet side 3B, and enters the second intercooler water chamber 35 at the second end. A portion of the first coolant in the second intercooler water chamber 35 flows into the intermediate water chamber 13 through the second water outlet 33, and the other portion passes through the intercooler core 36 near the air intake side 3A and returns to the third intercooler water chamber 38 at the first end, and is then delivered to the first water inlet chamber 14 through the first water outlet 32.

[0060] The first portion of the first coolant flowing out of the first water outlet 32 ​​forms a U-shaped flow path within the water-to-air intercooler 3, passing through the intercooler core 36 twice. This allows for more efficient heat exchange with the intake air, delivering more heat to the first water inlet chamber 14 through the first coolant, where it is dissipated by the secondary radiator core 12, which has a larger average temperature difference, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency. Compared to locating the first and second water outlets 32 and 33 in the same water chamber, the second intercooler water chamber 35 only has the second water outlet 33 near the air outlet side. The first coolant flows into the intercooler core 36 near the air outlet side 3B, preventing a certain degree of mixing and heat exchange between the high and low temperature first coolant streams in the same water chamber before exiting the water-to-air intercooler 3. This minimizes the temperature of the second portion of the first coolant output from the second water outlet 33.

[0061] Figure 5 is a front view of a heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine, provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present application. In Figure 5 , arranged from front to back are a cooling fan 7, a primary radiator core 11, a secondary radiator core 12, and a second radiator core 2A. It will be appreciated that the secondary radiator core 12 and the second radiator core 2A are both obscured by the primary radiator core 11. The second radiator water chamber 2B and the first water inlet chamber 14 at the first end of the second radiator core 2A are obscured by the first water outlet chamber 15 located in front of it. The second radiator water chamber 2B at the second end of the second radiator core 2A is obscured by the intermediate water chamber 13 located in front of it.

[0062] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG5 , the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 are arranged side by side, the width direction of the first radiator 1 and the second radiator 2 is the longitudinal direction, and the two second radiator water chambers 2B respectively have a second liquid outlet 202 and a second liquid inlet 201, the second liquid inlet 201 is connected to the coolant outlet of the internal combustion engine 5, and the second liquid outlet 202 is connected to the coolant inlet of the internal combustion engine 5 through the second water pump 42, and the second liquid outlet 202 and the second liquid inlet 201 are respectively located on both sides in the longitudinal direction;

[0063] The first water inlet chamber 14, the first water outlet chamber 15 and the middle water chamber 13 respectively have a first liquid inlet 101, a first liquid outlet 102 and an intermediate liquid inlet 103. The first liquid outlet 102 and the second liquid outlet 202 are located at the same end and on the side away from the second liquid outlet 202 in the longitudinal direction. The first liquid inlet 101 is located between the first liquid outlet 102 and the second liquid outlet 202, and the intermediate liquid inlet 103 is located on the side away from the second liquid inlet 201 in the longitudinal direction.

[0064] The first liquid inlet 101 and the middle liquid inlet 103 of the first radiator 1, as well as the middle liquid inlet 103 and the first liquid outlet 102 are all arranged diagonally to a certain extent. The second liquid inlet 201 and the second liquid outlet 202 of the second radiator 2 are also arranged diagonally to a certain extent, so that the coolant can be fully distributed in the corresponding radiator to ensure the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the liquid inlets at the top and bottom of the radiator are staggered in the air inlet direction, so that the connecting pipes can also be staggered, making full use of the space above and below the radiator, and further reducing the external dimensions of the cooling system.

[0065] The high-temperature first coolant enters the secondary radiator core 12 of the first radiator 1 from the bottom, and its temperature drops significantly when it flows to the middle water chamber. The top of the secondary radiator core 12 transfers less heat to the incoming air, so that the incoming air at the top can absorb more of the high-temperature second coolant sent in from the top of the second radiator 2, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0067] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the same. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the present application can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present application. They should all be included in the scope of the technical solutions for which protection is requested in the present application.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine, comprising a first radiator, a second radiator and an air-to-water intercooler; It is characterized in that The first radiator and the second radiator are arranged in sequence along the air inlet direction. The first radiator has a first radiator core body and two first radiator water chambers arranged at both ends of the first radiator core body; The first radiator core body is sequentially divided into a primary radiator core body and a secondary radiator core body along the air inlet direction. One of the first radiator water chambers is a middle water chamber. Both the primary radiator core body and the secondary radiator core body are connected to the middle water chamber. The other first radiator water chamber is divided into a first water outlet chamber connected to the primary radiator core body and a first water inlet chamber connected to the secondary radiator core body; The second radiator has a second radiator core body and two second radiator water chambers arranged at both ends of the second radiator core body. One of the second radiator water chambers is connected to the coolant inlet of the internal combustion engine through a second water pump. The other second radiator water chamber is connected to the coolant outlet of the internal combustion engine; The air-to-water intercooler has a water inlet and a water outlet. The water outlet includes a first water outlet and a second water outlet. The two sides of the air-to-water intercooler are respectively an air inlet side and an air outlet side. The first water outlet and the second water outlet are respectively located on the air inlet side and the air outlet side; The first water outlet chamber is connected to the water inlet through a first water pump. The first water outlet is connected to the first water inlet chamber. The second water outlet is connected to the middle water chamber.

2. The heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein, The primary radiator core body and the secondary radiator core body are separated by the first radiator core body. The first water inlet chamber and the first water outlet chamber are separated by the first radiator water chamber.

3. The heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both ends of the air-to-water intercooler respectively have a first intercooler water chamber and a second intercooler water chamber. The water inlet is arranged in the first intercooler water chamber. The first water outlet and the second water outlet are arranged in the second intercooler water chamber.

4. The heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The water inlet is located on the air outlet side.

5. The heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second intercooler water chamber is divided into two compartments by a partition board. The first water outlet and the second water outlet are respectively arranged on the two compartments.

6. The heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air-to-water intercooler has a first intercooler water chamber, a second intercooler water chamber and a third intercooler water chamber. The first intercooler water chamber and the third intercooler water chamber are respectively located on the air outlet side and the air inlet side and are both located at the same end of the air-to-water intercooler. The second intercooler water chamber is located at the other end of the air-to-water intercooler. The water inlet is arranged in the first intercooler water chamber. The first water outlet is arranged in the third intercooler water chamber. The second water outlet is arranged in the second intercooler water chamber.

7. The heat exchanger cooling system for an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first radiator and the second radiator are arranged side by side. The width direction of the first radiator and the second radiator is longitudinal. The two second radiator water chambers respectively have a second liquid outlet and a second liquid inlet. The second liquid inlet is communicated with the coolant outlet of the internal combustion engine. The second liquid outlet is communicated with the coolant inlet of the internal combustion engine through the second water pump. The second liquid outlet and the second liquid inlet are respectively located on both sides in the longitudinal direction. The first water inlet chamber, the first water outlet chamber and the middle water chamber respectively have a first liquid inlet, a first liquid outlet and a middle liquid inlet. The first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet are located at the same end and on the side away from the second liquid outlet in the longitudinal direction. The first liquid inlet is located between the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet. The middle liquid inlet is located on the side away from the second liquid inlet in the longitudinal direction.

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