Driving power supply, driving method and system for central solenoid, and fusion reaction system

Abstract

The present application provides a driving power supply, driving method and system for a central solenoid, and a fusion reaction system. In each of power supply modules of the driving power supply, a positive electrode of a capacitor unit is connected to a first end of a first power unit, a second end of the first power unit and a first end of a second power unit are connected to an auxiliary node, and a second end of the second power unit is connected to a negative electrode of the capacitor unit; the second end of the second power unit in any power supply module is connected to the second end of the second power unit in another power supply module set; the auxiliary node in one power supply module set is connected to a current limiting resistor, a third power unit and an output end of an auxiliary diode, the other end of the current limiting resistor, the other end of the third power unit and an input end of the auxiliary diode are connected to one end of the central solenoid, and the auxiliary node in another power supply module set is connected to the other end of the central solenoid; the power units are controlled, so that the capacitor unit that transmits current is switched between different power supply module sets.

Description

Central solenoid driving power supply, driving method and system, and fusion reaction system

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 27, 2023, with application number "202311827556.3" and invention name "Driving power supply, driving method and system of central solenoid, and fusion reaction system", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of power electronics technology, and in particular to a driving power supply, a driving method and system for a central solenoid, and a fusion reaction system. Background Art

[0003] With the development of electronic technology, there are more and more electronic devices with various functions, and electronic devices with different functions have different requirements for current. For example, in a nuclear fusion reaction device, it is necessary to transmit a pulse current with a high change rate to the central solenoid to cause rapid changes in the surrounding electromagnetic field, thereby ionizing and breaking down around the coil to form an initial plasma ring. The plasma in the initial plasma ring can then be heated to the fusion reaction temperature to cause a fusion reaction. However, the current change rate of the current currently transmitted to the central solenoid is relatively low, which is difficult to meet the requirements of the nuclear fusion reaction device. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a power supply to transmit a pulse current with a high change rate to the central solenoid.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present application provides a driving power supply, driving method and system, and fusion reaction system for a central solenoid, which can transmit a pulse current with a higher change rate to the central solenoid to meet the needs of nuclear fusion reaction.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present application, a driving power supply is provided, comprising: two power supply module sets, each of the power supply module sets comprising at least one power supply module; each power supply module comprising a capacitor unit, a first power unit, and a second power unit; the positive electrode of the capacitor unit is connected to the first end of the first power unit, the second end of the first power unit and the first end of the second power unit are both connected to an auxiliary node, and the second end of the second power unit is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor unit; the second end of the second power unit in any power supply module of any power supply module set is connected to the second end of the second power unit in a power supply module of another power supply module set; a current limiting resistor, a third power unit, and an auxiliary diode; the two The auxiliary node in one power supply module set is connected to the first end of the current limiting resistor, the first end of the third power unit and the output end of the auxiliary diode, the second end of the current limiting resistor, the second end of the third power unit and the input end of the auxiliary diode are connected to one end of the central solenoid, and the auxiliary node in another power supply module set is connected to the other end of the central solenoid; each power unit is controlled to be turned on or off so that the capacitor unit transmitting current to the central solenoid is switched between the capacitor unit in the first power supply module and the capacitor unit in the second power supply module; wherein, the first power supply module and the second power supply module belong to different power supply module sets respectively.

[0007] According to another aspect of the present application, a driving system for a central solenoid is provided, which includes: a host computer, a serial port server, a driving unit of a power unit and the above-mentioned driving power supply; the host computer is connected to the serial port server, and the host computer is used to send control instructions to the driving unit of the power unit through the serial port server; the driving unit of the power unit is used to control the power unit in the driving power supply to be turned on or off based on the received control instructions.

[0008] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for driving a central solenoid is provided, which is applied to the above-mentioned driving power supply, the method comprising: turning on a first power unit group and a third power unit in the driving power supply so that a capacitor unit in a first power supply module in the driving power supply supplies power to the central solenoid; wherein the first power unit group includes a first power unit in the first power supply module and a second power unit in the second power supply module; when the current transmitted in the central solenoid reaches a first current value, turning off the first power unit group and the third power unit so that the capacitor unit in the first power supply module stops supplying power to the central solenoid; turning on the second power unit group and the third power unit in the driving power supply so that the capacitor unit in the second power supply module supplies power to the central solenoid, and the current direction in the central solenoid is reversed; wherein the second power unit group includes a first power unit in the second power supply module and a second power unit in the first power supply module; when the current transmitted in the central solenoid reaches a second current value, turning off the second power unit group and the third power unit so that the capacitor unit in the second power supply module stops supplying power to the central solenoid.

[0009] According to another aspect of the present application, a fusion reaction system is provided, comprising: a nuclear fusion reaction device and the above-mentioned drive system; a drive power supply in the drive system is connected to a central solenoid of the nuclear fusion reaction device, for transmitting a pulse current to the central solenoid; the central solenoid is used to generate a magnetic field based on the pulse current, and to generate an initial plasma ring using the magnetic field, and the plasma in the initial plasma ring is used to be heated to a fusion reaction temperature to generate a fusion reaction.

[0010] The driving power supply provided by the present application includes two power supply module sets respectively connected to the two ends of the central solenoid, and the power supply modules in each power supply module set include a capacitor unit, a first power unit and a second power unit connected in sequence, and the auxiliary node between the two power units is connected to the central solenoid. The second end of each second power unit in any power supply module set is connected to the second end of a second power unit in the other power supply module set. The driving power supply can switch the capacitor unit transmitting current to the central solenoid between the capacitor units in different power supply module sets by turning on or off each power unit. The switching of the capacitor unit can reverse the direction of the current transmitted on the central solenoid, and then realize the alternating transmission of positive and negative pulse currents to the central solenoid, ensuring that the rate of change of the current transmitted to the central solenoid is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a driving power supply for a central solenoid provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0012] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of another driving power supply for a central solenoid provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0013] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a driving power supply for a central solenoid according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0014] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a driving power supply for another central solenoid provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of current changes on a central solenoid provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0016] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] FIG7 is a flow chart of a method for driving a central solenoid according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] FIG8 is a flow chart of another method for driving a central solenoid according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG9 is a simplified working flow diagram of a central solenoid driving system provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.

[0021] The terms used in one or more embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of the present application. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in one or more embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in one or more embodiments of the present application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items. The term "at least one" in one or more embodiments of the present application refers to "one or more" and "a plurality" refers to "two or more". The term "including" is an open description and should be understood as "including but not limited to", and may include other content on the basis of the content already described.

[0022] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of the present application, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of the present application, "first" may also be referred to as "second", and similarly, "second" may also be referred to as "first". Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0023] In the field of electronic technology, various electronic devices require power supply devices to supply electricity, and the power supply required by different electronic devices may vary. The power supply required for a nuclear fusion reaction device is different from that required for ordinary electronic devices. For example, a spherical tokamak (ST) device is a nuclear fusion reaction device. The ST device includes a vertically stacked central solenoid (CS) coil. The CS coil needs to transmit strong current pulses, causing rapid changes in the surrounding electromagnetic field to generate a strong electric field, thereby causing the gas surrounding the coil to be ionized and broken down to form an initial plasma ring. The plasma in the initial plasma ring is then heated to the fusion reaction temperature to achieve a nuclear fusion reaction. The CS coil plays a key role in inducing the plasma current in the ST device and in shaping and stabilizing the plasma. To achieve the CS coil generating a stable strong electric field to generate plasma, the current change rate (di / dt) transmitted to the CS coil needs to be high, and periodic positive and negative current pulses need to be formed in a short time. However, the current change rate of the current output by the current power supply is still low, which makes it difficult to meet this requirement.

[0024] The following embodiments of the present application provide a driving power supply for a central solenoid, which can provide a current with periodic positive and negative pulses to the central solenoid of a nuclear fusion reaction device. The current has a high rate of change, which can enable the central solenoid to generate the required strong electric field, thereby ensuring the plasma generation effect. The central solenoid described in the embodiments of the present application refers to the central solenoid coil. The embodiments of the present application also relate to a driving method and driving system for the central solenoid, as well as a fusion reaction system.

[0025] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a driving power supply for a central solenoid provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG1 , the driving power supply 10 includes two power supply module sets, such as the two power supply module sets including a first power supply module set 101 and a second power supply module set 102. The two power supply module sets are used to connect the two ends of the load respectively. The load targeted in the embodiment of the present application is the central solenoid L in a nuclear fusion reaction device. The following is an example in which the first power supply module set 101 is connected to the first end of the central solenoid L and the second power supply module set 102 is connected to the second end of the central solenoid L.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned driving power supply 10 also includes: a current limiting resistor R3, a third power unit G3 and an auxiliary diode D3. The current limiting resistor R3 can be connected in series with the central solenoid L, the third power unit G3 is connected in parallel with the current limiting resistor R3, and the auxiliary diode D3 is connected in parallel with the third power unit G3. For example, the first end of the current limiting resistor R3, the first end of the third power unit G3 and the output end of the auxiliary diode D3 are connected, and the second end of the current limiting resistor R3, the second end of the third power unit G3 and the input end of the auxiliary diode D3 are connected. The structure composed of the current limiting resistor R3, the third power unit G3 and the auxiliary diode D3 can be called a switching resistor. As shown in Figure 1, the first power supply module set 101 is connected to the first end of the central solenoid L through a switching resistor.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present application, each of the two power supply module sets includes at least one power supply module. In Figure 1, each power supply module set only shows one power supply module. Each power supply module in the two power supply module sets may include a capacitor unit, a first power unit, and a second power unit. In each power supply module, the positive pole of the capacitor unit is connected to the first end of the first power unit; the second end of the first power unit is connected to the first end of the second power unit and both are connected to the auxiliary node J, which is located between the first power unit and the second power unit; the second end of the second power unit is connected to the negative pole of the capacitor unit.

[0028] In the embodiment of the present application, the capacitor unit included in the power supply module in the first power supply module set 101 is referred to as the first capacitor unit C1, and the capacitor unit included in the power supply module in the second power supply module set 102 is referred to as the second capacitor unit C2. The first power unit included in the power supply module in the first power supply module set 101 is represented by power unit G11, and the second power unit is represented by power unit G12. The first power unit included in the power supply module in the second power supply module set is represented by power unit G21, and the second power unit is represented by power unit G22.

[0029] In the two power module sets described above, the second end of the second power unit in any power module in either power module set is connected to the second end of the second power unit in a power module in the other power module set. As shown in Figure 1 , if the two power module sets each include one power module, the second ends of the two second power units in the two power modules are connected. For ease of description, the connection of the second ends of two second power units will be referred to as "the connection of two second power units."

[0030] In some embodiments, a power module set may include multiple power modules. In this case, it is sufficient to ensure that each second power unit is connected to a second power unit in another power module set. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific connection between the second power units G2 of each power module. For example, each second power unit may be connected to only one second power unit, or one second power unit may be connected to multiple second power units in another power module set.

[0031] The auxiliary nodes J in the two power module sets are used to connect the two ends of the central solenoid L, respectively. That is, each power module set utilizes the auxiliary nodes J within each of its power modules to connect to the desired end of the central solenoid L. As shown in FIG1 , the auxiliary node J in the first power module set 101 is connected to the first end of the central solenoid L via a switch resistor, while the auxiliary node J in the second power module set 102 is connected to the second end of the central solenoid L. Specifically, the auxiliary node J in the first power module set 101 is connected to the first end of the current-limiting resistor R3, the first end of the third power cell G3, and the output end of the auxiliary diode D3. The second end of the current-limiting resistor R3, the second end of the third power cell G3, and the input end of the auxiliary diode D3 are connected to the first end of the central solenoid L. If the first power module set 101 includes multiple power modules, the auxiliary node J between the two power cells in each of the multiple power modules is connected to the first end of the central solenoid L via a switch resistor. Similarly, for the second power supply module set 102 , the auxiliary node J in each power supply module is connected to the second end of the central solenoid L.

[0032] In the above-mentioned driving power supply 10, each power unit (including the first power unit, the second power unit, and the third power unit in the power supply module) can be controlled to be turned on or off so that the capacitor unit that transmits current to the central solenoid L is switched between the capacitor unit in the first power supply module and the capacitor unit in the second power supply module. Among them, the first power supply module and the second power supply module belong to different power supply module sets respectively. The first power supply module and the second power supply module referred to in the embodiment of the present application are only used to distinguish that they belong to different power supply module sets. The first power supply module and the second power supply module can be replaced with each other. The control methods for the first power supply module and the second power supply module can be the same, and the introductions of the first power supply module and the second power supply module can refer to each other. For example, the first power supply module is the power supply module in the first power supply module set 101, and the second power supply module is the power supply module in the second power supply module set 102. Therefore, the capacitor unit that transmits current to the central solenoid L is switched between the first capacitor unit C1 and the second capacitor unit C2. As the power supply capacitor unit switches, the direction of the current on the central solenoid L will change, and the central solenoid L will alternately transmit positive current and negative current, which is equivalent to transmitting positive and negative current pulses with a large current change rate.

[0033] During the target phase of transmitting current from the capacitor unit of the first power supply module to the central solenoid, the first power unit in the first power supply module can be controlled to be turned on and the second power unit can be controlled to be turned off, while the first power unit in the second power supply module can be controlled to be turned off and the second power unit can be controlled to be turned on. By swapping the first power supply module with the second power supply module, the control method for the power units during the target phase of transmitting current from the capacitor unit of the second power supply module to the central solenoid is obtained, which will not be described in detail here.

[0034] For example, for the power supply module set shown in Figure 1, power units G11 and G22 can be controlled to be turned on, and power units G12 and G21 can be controlled to be turned off. In this way, the first capacitor unit C1, power unit G11, power unit G22, and central solenoid L form a current loop, and the first capacitor unit C1 transmits current to the central solenoid L. For another example, power units G12 and G21 can be controlled to be turned on, and power units G11 and G22 can be controlled to be turned off. In this way, the second capacitor unit C2, power unit G21, power unit G12, and central solenoid L form a current loop, and the second capacitor unit C2 transmits current to the central solenoid L.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, the first capacitor unit C1 can be used to supply power to the central solenoid L, and then the second capacitor unit C2 can be used to supply power to the central solenoid L. In this case, the central solenoid L first transmits a positive current and then switches to transmitting a negative current. Alternatively, the second capacitor unit C2 can be used to supply power to the central solenoid L, and then the first capacitor unit C1 can be used to supply power to the central solenoid L. In this case, the central solenoid L first transmits a negative current and then switches to transmitting a positive current.

[0036] After the first capacitor unit C1 and the second capacitor unit C2 alternately transmit current to the central solenoid L for one power supply cycle, the first capacitor unit C1 and the second capacitor unit C2 can be charged, and after charging is completed, current is transmitted to the central solenoid L again. In some embodiments, the capacity of the capacitor unit is large, and the first capacitor unit C1 and the second capacitor unit C2 can be alternately transmitted to the central solenoid L for multiple power supply cycles before being charged. The capacitor unit can be obtained by connecting multiple sub-capacitors in parallel. In the embodiment of the present application, one power supply cycle includes the process in which the first capacitor unit C1 and the second capacitor unit C2 respectively supply power to the central solenoid L once.

[0037] In the embodiment of the present application, the third power unit G3 can be controlled to be on or off to control whether the current limiting resistor R3 is effective in the circuit. The current limiting resistor R3 can play a current limiting role in the freewheeling phase of the central solenoid L.

[0038] While the capacitor unit is supplying power to the central solenoid L, the third power unit G3 can remain on. This ensures that current does not flow through the current-limiting resistor R3 during this process, but instead flows through the third power unit G3 and is transmitted to the central solenoid L. This avoids wasting energy and ensures that the current in the central solenoid L quickly reaches the required value. For example, the third power unit G3 can be kept on when power units G11 and G22 are turned on, and also when power units G12 and G21 are turned on.

[0039] In one embodiment, the third power unit G3 can be turned on first, followed by the power units G11 and G22 (or the power units G12 and G21). This prevents the current transmitted by the capacitor unit from passing through the current-limiting resistor R3, thereby ensuring a high power supply efficiency for the central solenoid L. In another embodiment, the third power unit G3 and the power units G11 and G22 can be turned on simultaneously, or the power units G11 and G22 can be turned on first. The power units G11 and G22 can also be turned on at different times.

[0040] When the capacitor unit is not needed to power the central solenoid L, the third power unit G3 can remain off. This ensures that the current in the central solenoid L flows through the current-limiting resistor R3 during the freewheeling process, increasing the rate of current reduction in the circuit and improving the current change rate. For example, when power units G11 and G22 (or power units G12 and G21) are turned off, the third power unit G3 can be turned off simultaneously.

[0041] The use of the above-mentioned switching resistor in the driving power supply 10 of the embodiment of the present application can achieve a higher current change capability of the driving power supply 10 without increasing the power of the power supply, make it easier to achieve ionization breakdown of the gas, and significantly increase the steady-state value of the plasma current.

[0042] The following is an exemplary description of the case where the power supply module set in the driving power supply 10 includes multiple power supply modules, in conjunction with Figures 2 and 3. Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another driving power supply for a central solenoid provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 illustrates an example in which the second power supply module set 102 includes two power supply modules. As shown in Figure 2, the auxiliary nodes J in the two power supply modules in the second power supply module set 102 are both connected to the second end of the central solenoid L, and the second ends of the two second power units G22 in the above two power supply modules are both connected to the second end of the second power unit G12 in the first power supply module set 101.

[0043] The capacitor unit supplying power to the central solenoid L can switch between the first capacitor unit C1 and any second capacitor unit C2 in the second power module set 102. For example, in two power cycles, the capacitor unit supplying power to the central solenoid L can be switched from the first capacitor unit C1 to two different second capacitor units C2 in the second power module set 102. During a power cycle, when the first capacitor unit C1 supplies power to the central solenoid L, the second power unit G22 through which current flows can belong to the same power module as the second capacitor unit C2 used in that power cycle, or it can be a second power unit G22 in another power module in the second power module set 102.

[0044] The embodiment of the present application only provides an illustrative introduction to the case where the second power supply module set 102 includes multiple power supply modules. The case where the first power supply module set 101 includes multiple power supply modules can be inferred accordingly and will not be repeated here. For the case where both the first power supply module set 101 and the second power supply module set 102 include multiple power supply modules, each second power unit can be connected to multiple other second power units, such as each second power unit in the first power supply module set 101 and each second power unit in the second power supply module set 102 are connected. This method can also be inferred based on the introduction of Figure 2; alternatively, each second power unit can also be connected to only one other second power unit. This method is introduced below in conjunction with Figure 3.

[0045] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another central solenoid drive power supply according to an embodiment of the present application, and FIG3 illustrates an example in which both the first power module set 101 and the second power module set 102 include two power modules. As shown in FIG3 , the first power module set 101 and the second power module set 102 have the same number of second power cells, and each second power cell in the first power module set 101 is connected in a one-to-one correspondence with each second power cell in the second power module set 102.

[0046] For example, two power supply modules belonging to the first power supply module set 101 and the second power supply module set 102 respectively constitute a power supply module pair, and the second ends of the two second power units in a power supply module pair are connected. The two capacitor units in a power supply module pair can be switched to supply power to the central solenoid L in a power supply cycle. As mentioned above, the first power supply module and the second power supply module constitute a power supply module pair. Different power supply module pairs can be replaced with each other. For example, when the power of the capacitor unit in a power supply module pair is lower than a specified value, the power units in the power supply module pair can be turned off and replaced by the capacitor units in other power supply modules to supply power to the central solenoid L. In this way, the central solenoid L can be powered for multiple cycles continuously.

[0047] The two power supply modules in Figure 1 also constitute a power supply module pair. Based on the driving power supply 10 shown in Figure 1, at least one power supply module pair with the same structure and connection relationship as the two power supply modules shown in Figure 1 can be added to obtain a driving power supply 10 in which each power supply module set includes multiple power supply modules (as shown in Figure 3).

[0048] In an embodiment of the present application, by switching the first capacitor unit C1 and the second capacitor unit C2 to transmit current to the central solenoid L, it is possible to generate positive and negative current pulses multiple times in a short period of time. When the first capacitor unit C1 transmits a positive current to the central solenoid L and then suddenly decreases after reaching a predetermined value, a strong electric field is generated around the central solenoid L, thereby generating a plasma current. After the first capacitor unit C1 stops supplying power, the current on the central solenoid L will gradually decrease, and the plasma current can continue to exist during this process. In an embodiment of the present application, during this process, the second capacitor unit C2 transmits a negative current to the central solenoid L, which can increase the duration of the plasma current and extend the maintenance time of the breakdown electric field.

[0049] In the embodiments of the present application, a switch resistor is also provided to increase the current change rate in the circuit, ensuring that gas breakdown and plasma generation are more easily achieved. For example, before adding the switch resistor, the current change rate in the circuit can reach 700A / ms (amperes per millisecond). After providing the switch resistor, the current change rate can reach 1000A / ms. In some embodiments, the switch resistor can be replaced with a current-limiting resistor R3 of different resistance values ​​as needed.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present application, the power supply module set may include multiple power supply modules, so that the capacitor unit that supplies power to the central solenoid can be switched among the multiple power supply modules, and multiple current pulses can be continuously provided to the central solenoid, thereby achieving multiple gas breakdowns to form plasma in a short period of time, which is beneficial to prolonging the duration of the nuclear fusion reaction. In some embodiments, a capacitor unit with a larger capacitance can be used to achieve multiple power supplies to the central solenoid and multiple gas breakdowns. For example, the capacitance of the capacitor unit can be 8.4 Farads. The specific value of the capacitance can also be changed based on actual needs and is not limited here.

[0051] The voltage value of the capacitor unit in the embodiment of the present application when outputting pulse current can reach 400 volts, and the current value can reach 20 kiloamperes, which can realize high current pulses at relatively low voltages. The power supply based on the capacitor unit can make the plasma maintenance time reach 100 milliseconds. Since the voltage value is relatively low, the insulation requirements and insulation distances of various parts of the circuit can be reduced, so that the production cost is reduced and the miniaturization of the driving power supply is more easily achieved. In the embodiment of the present application, the capacitance, output voltage and output current of the capacitor unit in each power supply module can be the same, or some power supply modules can use different capacitor units, which are not limited here.

[0052] In summary, the driving power supply provided by the embodiment of the present application includes two power supply module sets respectively connected to the two ends of the central solenoid, and the power supply modules in each power supply module set include a capacitor unit, a first power unit and a second power unit connected in sequence, and the auxiliary node between the two power units is connected to the central solenoid. The second end of each second power unit in any power supply module set is connected to the second end of a second power unit in another power supply module set. The driving power supply can switch the capacitor unit transmitting current to the central solenoid between the capacitor units in different power supply module sets by turning on or off each power unit. The switching of the capacitor unit can reverse the direction of the current transmitted on the central solenoid, and then realize the alternating transmission of positive and negative pulse currents to the central solenoid, ensuring that the rate of change of the current transmitted to the central solenoid is high.

[0053] In some embodiments, the voltage across the central solenoid L can be controlled by pulse width modulation (PWM) to control the rate of change of the current on the central solenoid L, thereby controlling the driving ability of the plasma current. The target phase (hereinafter referred to as the power supply phase of the capacitor unit) in which each power supply module transmits current to the central solenoid can also be controlled. The on-duty cycle of the power unit turned on in the target phase can also be controlled to control the on and off of the power unit based on the on-duty cycle, thereby adjusting the current value in the circuit. For example, in the power supply phase of the first capacitor unit C1, the on-duty cycle of the power units G12 and G21 can be controlled to adjust the current value transmitted to the central solenoid L. In the power supply phase of the second capacitor unit C2, the on-duty cycle of the power units G11 and G22 can be controlled.

[0054] During the power supply phase of the capacitor unit of either the first power supply module or the second power supply module, the on-duty cycle of the first power unit in the power supply module is less than 1, and the on-duty cycle of the second power unit in the other power supply module is equal to 1. The on-duty cycle can be obtained based on the target voltage corresponding to the central solenoid and the output voltage of the capacitor unit. The target voltage is the operating voltage required by the central solenoid to excite plasma.

[0055] For example, during the power supply phase of the first capacitor unit C1 in the driving power supply 10, the current in the central solenoid L increases in the positive direction. During this phase, the on-duty cycle of power unit G11 is less than 1, and power unit G11 is alternately turned on and off; the on-duty cycle of power unit G22 is 1, and power unit G22 is continuously in the on state. During the power supply phase of the second capacitor unit C2, the current in the central solenoid flows in the reverse direction. During this phase, the on-duty cycle of power unit G21 is less than 1, and power unit G21 is alternately turned on and off; the on-duty cycle of power unit G12 is 1, and power unit G12 is continuously in the on state.

[0056] In some embodiments, during the power supply stage of the capacitor unit in any power supply module, the sum of the on-duty cycles of the first power unit and the second power unit in the power supply module can be equal to 1, and the first power unit and the second power unit can be turned on alternately. For example, during the power supply stage of the first capacitor unit C1, the power units G11 and G12 can be turned on alternately periodically. When the power unit G11 is turned on, the power unit G12 is turned off, and the first capacitor unit C1 discharges to the central solenoid L; when the power unit G12 is turned on, the power unit G11 is turned off, and the current on the central solenoid L is continued to flow through the power units G22 and G12. For another example, during the power supply stage of the second capacitor unit C2, the power units G21 and G22 can be turned on alternately periodically. When the power unit G21 is turned on, the power unit G22 is turned off, and the second capacitor unit C2 discharges to the central solenoid L; when the power unit G22 is turned on, the power unit G21 is turned off, and the current on the central solenoid L is freewheeling through the power units G12 and G22.

[0057] In an embodiment of the present application, during the power supply phase of the capacitor unit in any power supply module, the on-duty cycle of the first power unit in the power supply module can be obtained based on the target voltage corresponding to the central solenoid and the output voltage of the capacitor unit. The target voltage can be the voltage required for the central solenoid to excite the plasma. For example, assuming that the current limiting resistor R3 is not considered. During the power supply phase of the first capacitor unit C1, the target voltage corresponding to the central solenoid L is U1, and the output voltage of the first capacitor unit C1 is U0, then the on-duty cycle of the power unit G11 can be U0 / U1, and the on-duty cycle of the power unit G12 can be 1-U0 / U1. During the power supply phase of the second capacitor unit C2, the target voltage corresponding to the central solenoid L is -U2, and the output voltage of the second capacitor unit C2 is U0, then the on-duty cycle of the power unit G21 can be -U0 / U2, and the on-duty cycle of the power unit G22 can be 1+U0 / U2.

[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, by controlling the opening duty cycle of each power unit, the plasma maintenance time can be made to reach 500 milliseconds, thereby extending the plasma maintenance time and improving the effect of the plasma fusion reaction.

[0059] In some embodiments, after the power supply phase of the capacitor unit in any power supply module, there may also be a freewheeling phase of the central solenoid L, in which the two power units in the power supply module can be turned off, while the two power units in the other power supply module can be turned on alternately. For example, after the power supply phase of the first capacitor unit C1, the central solenoid L can be in a freewheeling phase of a certain length, in which the power units G11 and G12 remain turned off, and the power units G21 and G22 can be turned on alternately periodically. After the power supply phase of the second capacitor unit C2, the central solenoid L can also be in a freewheeling phase of a certain length, in which the power units G21 and G22 remain turned off, and the power units G11 and G12 can be turned on alternately periodically.

[0060] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the current change on a central solenoid provided in an embodiment of the present application. Curve Q1 represents the current change on the central solenoid caused by the natural discharge of the capacitor unit and the central solenoid when the power unit is not turned on and the duty cycle is not controlled; curve Q2 represents the current change on the central solenoid when the power unit is turned on and the duty cycle is controlled in the embodiment of the present application. By comparing curves Q1 and Q2, it can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, by controlling the turn-on duty cycle, the current change rate of the central solenoid during the current decrease phase can be controlled. For example, the current change rate can be kept decreasing at a fixed rate, and the duration of the decrease phase can be extended, thereby increasing the duration of the plasma maintenance.

[0061] The foregoing description only covers some of the essential components of the central solenoid drive power supply 10. Beyond the aforementioned components, the drive power supply 10 may also include other additional components. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another central solenoid drive power supply provided in one embodiment of the present application. The following describes the case where the drive power supply 10 includes other additional components, in conjunction with Figure 4.

[0062] Each power supply module of the driving power supply 10 may also include: two freewheeling diodes, which may also be referred to as a first freewheeling diode and a second freewheeling diode, and the two freewheeling diodes are respectively connected in parallel with the two power units in the power supply module. Specifically, in some embodiments, the first end of the first power unit can be connected to the output end of the first freewheeling diode, and the second end of the first power unit is connected to the input end of the first freewheeling diode; the first end of the second power unit can be connected to the output end of the second freewheeling diode, and the second end of the second power unit is connected to the input end of the second freewheeling diode. As shown in Figure 4, the first power unit G11 in the first power supply module set 101 is connected in parallel with a freewheeling diode D11, and the second power unit G12 is connected in parallel with a freewheeling diode D12; the first power unit G21 in the second power supply module set 102 is connected in parallel with a freewheeling diode D21, and the second power unit G22 is connected in parallel with a freewheeling diode D22.

[0063] The freewheeling diode is used to provide freewheeling current to the central solenoid L when the capacitor unit stops supplying power to the central solenoid L. This ensures that even if the current in the circuit suddenly changes, the current in the central solenoid L continues to flow in its original direction, preventing excessive voltage across the central solenoid L, which could damage the central solenoid L.

[0064] For example, for the driving power supply 10 shown in Figure 4, the power units G11 and G22 can be controlled to be turned on first, and the power units G12 and G21 can be controlled to be turned off, so that the first capacitor unit C1 supplies power to the central solenoid L. At this time, the power supply phase of the first capacitor unit C1 begins. After the current transmitted in the central solenoid L reaches a first current value, the power units G11 and G22 can be turned off, so that the first capacitor unit C1 stops supplying power to the central solenoid L. At this time, the power supply phase of the first capacitor unit C1 ends. Thereafter, the current in the central solenoid L can be freewheeling through the freewheeling diode D21, the second capacitor unit C2, and the freewheeling diode D12. This phase is also the freewheeling phase mentioned above. The first current value can be the current peak value of the required pulse current. In this freewheeling phase, the power units G21 and G22 can be turned on alternately.

[0065] Afterwards, the power units G12 and G21 can be controlled to turn on, and the power units G11 and G22 can be controlled to turn off, so that the second capacitor unit C2 supplies power to the central solenoid L, and the current direction on the central solenoid L is reversed, at which point the power supply phase of the second capacitor unit C2 begins. After the current transmitted in the central solenoid L reaches the second current value, the power units G12 and G21 can be turned off, so that the second capacitor unit C2 stops supplying power to the central solenoid L, at which point the power supply phase of the second capacitor unit C2 ends. Thereafter, the current in the central solenoid L can be freewheeling through the freewheeling diode D11, the first capacitor unit C1, and the freewheeling diode D22, and this phase is also the freewheeling phase mentioned above. In some embodiments, the second current value can be equal to the first current value. In this freewheeling phase, the power units G11 and G12 can be turned on alternately.

[0066] Please continue to refer to Figure 4. Each power supply module in the driving power supply 10 may also include: a DC power supply U, a first anti-reverse diode D1 and a second anti-reverse diode D2. In each power supply module, the first anti-reverse diode D1 is connected in series with the DC power supply U, and the second anti-reverse diode D2 is connected in parallel with the capacitor unit. For example, the positive pole of the DC power supply U is connected to the positive pole of the capacitor unit through the first anti-reverse diode D1. The positive pole of the DC power supply U is connected to the input end of the first anti-reverse diode D1, the output end of the first anti-reverse diode D1 is connected to the positive pole of the capacitor unit, the positive pole of the capacitor unit is also connected to the output end of the second anti-reverse diode D2, and the negative pole of the capacitor unit is also connected to the input end of the second anti-reverse diode D2. In some embodiments, the DC power supplies U in different power supply modules can also be shared.

[0067] In each power supply module, a DC power supply U is used to charge the capacitor unit. After charging, the capacitor unit transmits current to the central solenoid L by controlling the power unit's on and off. A first anti-reverse diode D1 prevents the capacitor unit from reversely charging the DC power supply U. This prevents the DC power supply U from charging the capacitor unit in reverse. If the circuit connection between the DC power supply U and the capacitor unit is incorrect, the capacitor unit cannot be charged. A second anti-reverse diode D2 prevents the circuit from reversely charging the capacitor unit.

[0068] Continuing with FIG4 , each power supply module in the driving power supply 10 may further include: a relay LB and a bleeder resistor R1. In each power supply module, the relay LB and the bleeder resistor R1 may be connected in series and in parallel with the capacitor unit. For example, the positive electrode of the capacitor unit is also connected to the first end of the relay LB, the second end of the relay LB is connected to the first end of the bleeder resistor R1, and the negative electrode of the capacitor unit C is also connected to the second end of the bleeder resistor R1. The bleeder resistor R1 may be a wirewound resistor.

[0069] The bleeder resistor R1 can be used to discharge the voltage of the capacitor unit connected in parallel. While the capacitor unit is supplying power to the load, the relay LB can be in the disconnected state. After the capacitor unit stops supplying power to the load (e.g., the voltage across the capacitor unit drops to zero), some residual energy may remain in the capacitor unit. In this case, the relay LB can be closed to allow the bleeder resistor R1 to discharge the residual voltage in the capacitor unit. The relay LB can also be in the disconnected state while the DC power supply is charging the capacitor unit.

[0070] For example, after power units G11 and G22 are turned off, the relay LB in the first power supply module set 101 can be closed to enable the bleeder resistor R1 in the first power supply module set 101 to discharge the residual voltage in the first capacitor unit C1. After power units G12 and G21 are turned off, the relay LB in the second power supply module set 102 can be closed to enable the bleeder resistor R1 in the second power supply module set 102 to discharge the residual voltage in the second capacitor unit C2.

[0071] If the first capacitor unit C1 and the second capacitor unit C2 power the central solenoid L for multiple power supply cycles, the relay LB in the first power supply module set 101 and the second power supply module set 102 can be closed after the multiple power supply cycles to discharge the residual voltage in the first capacitor unit C1 and the second capacitor unit C2.

[0072] 4 , the driving power supply 10 may further include a resistor R4 , which is grounded. The second end of the second power unit G2 in each power supply module of the driving power supply 10 is also connected to the resistor R4 .

[0073] In an embodiment of the present application, the power unit in the driving power supply 10 (such as the first power unit, the second power unit, and the third power unit) can be a full-power device, and the switching time can be in the microsecond level. For example, the power unit may include an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT). The first end of the power unit is the collector, and the second end of the power unit is the emitter. In some embodiments, the power unit may also include an integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT) or a gate turn-off thyristor (GTO).

[0074] In one embodiment, the operating current of each power unit can reach 20 kiloamperes. For example, each power unit can be obtained by connecting multiple power subunits in parallel, each of which can be an IGBT, IGCT, or GTO. For example, a power unit can be obtained by connecting 10 IGBTs in parallel, and the operating current of each IGBT can reach 2 kiloamperes.

[0075] In summary, the driving power supply provided by the embodiment of the present application includes two power supply module sets respectively connected to the two ends of the central solenoid, and the power supply modules in each power supply module set include a capacitor unit, a first power unit and a second power unit connected in sequence, and the auxiliary node between the two power units is connected to the central solenoid. The second end of each second power unit in any power supply module set is connected to the second end of a second power unit in another power supply module set. The driving power supply can switch the capacitor unit transmitting current to the central solenoid between the capacitor units in different power supply module sets by turning on or off each power unit. The switching of the capacitor unit can reverse the direction of the current transmitted on the central solenoid, and then realize the alternating transmission of positive and negative pulse currents to the central solenoid, ensuring that the rate of change of the current transmitted to the central solenoid is high.

[0076] In the embodiment of the present application, the aforementioned driving power supply 10 is used to drive the central solenoid L. The driving power supply 10 can also be connected to a control system, allowing a worker to control the driving power supply 10 through the control system, thereby driving the central solenoid L. The embodiment of the present application also provides a driving system for the central solenoid. The driving power supply 10 can be the main power component of the central solenoid driving system. In addition to including the driving power supply 10, the driving system also includes a control system 20. The control system 20 is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0077] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a control system provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG6 , the control system 20 may include a host computer and a serial port server. The host computer is connected to the serial port server, and the serial port server is also connected to other functional units. Staff can interact with the host computer to monitor and control the driving power supply 10 and various components in the control system 20. The host computer can send control instructions to other functional units through the serial port server so that the other functional units can implement corresponding functions. The serial port server can also feedback the status information of the functional units to which it is connected, as well as the information obtained by the functional units, to the host computer.

[0078] The other functional units may include a drive unit of a power unit. The serial port server is connected to the drive unit of the power unit, and the drive unit of the power unit is also connected to each power unit in the driving power supply 10. For example, the drive unit can be connected to the gate of each power unit. For example, the host computer can send a control instruction to the drive unit of the power unit through the serial port server. The drive unit of the power unit can control the corresponding power unit in the driving power supply 10 to turn on or off based on the received control instruction, thereby realizing the working process of the above-mentioned driving power supply 10.

[0079] In some implementations, a worker can set the activation time and activation duration of each power unit through a host computer and transmit a command carrying the time information to a serial device server. The serial device server can then send an activation or deactivation command for the corresponding power unit to the corresponding drive unit at the corresponding time, so that the drive unit can control the activation or deactivation of the power unit.

[0080] For example, based on the received control instruction, the driving unit of the power unit first controls the power units G3, G11, and G22 in the driving power supply shown in FIG4 to turn on, and then controls the power units G3, G11, and G22 to turn off after a certain period of time. Then, the driving unit controls the power units G3, G12, and G21 to turn on, and then controls the power units G3, G12, and G21 to turn off after a certain period of time.

[0081] Continuing with FIG6 , the control system 20 may further include a DC power supply control unit. The DC power supply control unit is connected to the serial port server and is also connected to the DC power supply in the driving power supply 10. The host computer can send control instructions to the DC power supply control unit through the serial port server. The DC power supply control unit controls the DC power supply in the driving power supply 10 based on the received control instructions to charge or shut down the charging of the capacitor unit of the driving power supply 10. The DC power supply control unit can also feedback the output status of the DC power supply to the host computer.

[0082] In some embodiments, a worker can set the voltage and current values ​​that the DC power supply should output through a host computer. The host computer can pre-transmit the voltage and current values ​​to the DC power supply control unit through a serial port server, so that the DC power supply control unit can directly send a control instruction to the DC power supply based on the values, so that the DC power supply transmits a current that meets the voltage and current values ​​to the capacitor unit.

[0083] Continuing with FIG6 , the control system 20 may further include a discharge circuit control unit for controlling a discharge circuit in the driving power supply 10, the discharge circuit including a relay LB and a discharge resistor R1 in the driving power supply 10. The discharge circuit control unit may be connected to the serial port server and to the relay LB in the driving power supply 10.

[0084] The host computer can send control instructions to the discharge circuit control unit via the serial port server. The discharge circuit control unit controls the relay to open or close based on the received control instructions. The discharge circuit control unit can also feedback the relay's on / off status to the serial port server, which can then feedback this on / off status to the host computer, enabling the host computer to monitor the status of components in the driving power supply 10.

[0085] Please continue to refer to Figure 6. The control system 20 may further include a monitoring unit and a data acquisition and processing unit. The monitoring unit is connected to the data acquisition and processing unit, and the data acquisition and processing unit is also connected to the host computer. The monitoring unit can monitor the voltage data and / or current data in the circuit of the driving power supply 10 and transmit the collected data to the data acquisition and processing unit. The data acquisition and processing unit can process the received data and transmit the processed data to the host computer so that the host computer monitors the status of the driving power supply 10. The host computer can determine the opening duty cycle of each power unit in the driving power supply 10 based on the data transmitted by the data acquisition and processing unit, and then can generate a control instruction for each power unit based on the opening duty cycle, and send the control instruction to the driving unit of the power unit through the serial port server. The driving unit can respond to the control instruction to realize the opening and closing of each power unit based on the opening duty cycle.

[0086] The monitoring unit may include a current sampling unit and / or a voltage sampling unit. FIG6 illustrates an example in which the monitoring unit includes a current sampling unit and a voltage sampling unit. The current sampling unit is used to collect current data in the circuit of the driving power supply 10, and the voltage sampling unit is used to collect voltage data in the circuit of the driving power supply 10. The data acquisition and processing unit can collect and record data such as the total output current of the driving power supply 10, the current of each bridge arm branch, and the voltage of the capacitor unit. The bridge arm branch refers to the branch where the power unit is located in the power supply module. The data acquisition and processing unit can also determine whether the current in the circuit reaches the required current value based on the current data, and determine whether the voltage in the circuit reaches the required voltage value based on the voltage data.

[0087] The current sampling unit can be used to detect the current output by each capacitor unit in the driving power supply 10, the current transmitted in the central solenoid L, and the current at each power unit. The voltage sampling unit can be used to detect the voltage across each capacitor unit in the driving power supply 10 and the voltage across the DC power supply.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, the control system 20 can be used to conveniently and efficiently monitor and remotely operate the driving power supply 10, thereby realizing remote driving of the central solenoid L. For example, a worker can use the control system 20 to manually or automatically charge and discharge the capacitor unit in the driving power supply 10 and monitor the voltage and current status of the driving power supply 10 in real time.

[0089] FIG7 is a flow chart of a driving method for a central solenoid provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method can be applied to the driving system of the central solenoid mentioned above, and is specifically used to control the driving power supply 10 in the driving system, such as the driving power supply can be controlled by the control system in the driving system, thereby realizing the driving of the central solenoid. The method can be cross-referenced with the above-mentioned introduction to the driving power supply 10 of FIG1 to FIG4. The method provided in FIG7 can be executed by the driving unit of the power unit in the control system 20, such as by the driving unit based on the control instructions sent by the host computer through the serial port server. As shown in FIG7, the method may include:

[0090] Step 602: Turn on the first power unit group and the third power unit in the driving power supply, so that the capacitor unit in the first power supply module in the driving power supply supplies power to the central solenoid; wherein the first power unit group includes the first power unit in the first power supply module and the second power unit in the second power supply module.

[0091] In an embodiment of the present application, the first power unit group may include a first power unit and a second power unit respectively belonging to two power supply module sets in the driving power supply, and the second power unit is connected to the second power unit in the power supply module to which the first power unit belongs. Here, the first power unit group includes the first power unit in the first power supply module and the second power unit in the second power supply module as an example. For the first power supply module and the second power supply module, reference can be made to the previous introduction. In the process of turning on the first power unit group in the driving power supply, other power units that belong to the same power supply module as the power units in the first power unit group are in an off state. Turning on or off a power unit group as described in the embodiments of the present application refers to turning on or off each power unit in the power unit group.

[0092] As shown in Figure 1 , the first power module can be a power module in the first power module set 101. The first power unit group can include the first power unit G11 in the first power module set 101 and the second power unit G22 in the second power module set 102. By turning on power units G11 and G22 and turning off power units G12 and G21, the first capacitor unit C1 can supply power to the central solenoid L. In one embodiment, the first power unit group can also include the second power unit G12 in the first power module set 101 and the first power unit G21 in the second power module set.

[0093] Step 604: When the current transmitted in the central solenoid reaches a first current value, the first power unit group and the third power unit are turned off, so that the capacitor unit in the first power supply module stops supplying power to the central solenoid.

[0094] In one embodiment, the host computer in the control system 20 can pre-set an on-time for each power unit in the first power unit group. When the on-time is reached, it is considered that the current transmitted by the central solenoid has reached a first current value. The driving unit of the power unit can start timing after triggering the power unit to be turned on. When the timing reaches the on-time, the driving unit turns off the power unit in the first power unit group.

[0095] In another embodiment, a current sampling unit in the control system 20 detects the current transmitted in the central solenoid. When the data acquisition and processing unit determines that the current has reached a first current value, the data acquisition and processing unit feeds this information back to a host computer. After receiving this feedback information, the host computer can send a control instruction to the drive unit of the power unit via the serial port server, causing the drive unit to shut down the power units in the first power unit group.

[0096] Step 606: Turn on the second power unit group and the third power unit in the driving power supply, so that the capacitor unit in the second power supply module supplies power to the central solenoid, and the current direction on the central solenoid is reversed; wherein, the second power unit group includes the first power unit in the second power supply module and the second power unit in the first power supply module.

[0097] In an embodiment of the present application, the second power cell group may include another first power cell and another second power cell respectively belonging to two power supply module sets, wherein the second power cell in the power supply module to which the other first power cell belongs is connected to the other second power cell. In one embodiment, the first power cell in the second power cell group may belong to the same power supply module as the second power cell in the first power cell group, and the second power cell in the second power cell group may belong to the same power supply module as the first power cell in the first power cell group. Here, the second power cell group includes the first power cell in the second power supply module and the second power cell in the first power supply module as an example. For the first power supply module and the second power supply module, please refer to the previous introduction. In the process of opening the second power cell group, other power cells that belong to the same power supply module as the power cells in the second power cell group are in an off state.

[0098] As shown in Figure 1 , the second power module can be a power module in the second power module set 102. The second power unit group can include the second power unit G12 in the first power module set 101 and the first power unit G21 in the second power module set 102. By turning on units G12 and G21 and turning off power units G11 and G22, the second capacitor unit C2 can supply power to the central solenoid L.

[0099] After the second power cell group in the driving power supply is turned on, the on-duty ratio of the power cells in the second power cell group can be adjusted to adjust the current transmitted from the capacitor unit in the second power supply module to the central solenoid. For example, the power cells in the second power cell group can be turned on intermittently to adjust the on-duty ratio of the power cells in the second power cell group.

[0100] Step 608: When the current transmitted in the central solenoid reaches a second current value, the second power unit group and the third power unit are turned off, so that the capacitor unit in the second power supply module stops supplying power to the central solenoid.

[0101] Step 608 is similar to step 604 and will not be described in detail in this embodiment of the present application.

[0102] In summary, the central solenoid driving method provided in the embodiments of the present application can alternately power the first power unit group and the second power unit group, so that the capacitor unit in the first power supply module and the capacitor unit in the second power supply module alternately power the central solenoid. After switching the capacitor unit that supplies power, the direction of the current in the central solenoid is reversed. This allows alternating positive and negative pulse currents to be transmitted to the central solenoid, ensuring a high rate of change in the current transmitted to the central solenoid.

[0103] The present embodiment of the present application uses the driving power supply 10 shown in FIG4 as an example to further describe a method for driving a central solenoid. This method can be cross-referenced with the above description of the driving power supply 10 shown in FIG1 to FIG4 and the description of FIG7 . FIG8 is a flow chart of another method for driving a central solenoid provided in one embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG8 , this method may include:

[0104] Step 702: For each power supply module in the driving power supply, control the relay in the power supply module to be disconnected, and control the DC power supply in the power supply module to charge the capacitor unit.

[0105] In the embodiment of the present application, the discharge circuit control unit in the control system 20 can control the relay to be disconnected, and the DC power supply control unit can control the DC power supply to charge the capacitor unit.

[0106] Step 704 : When the voltage on the capacitor unit reaches the target voltage value, control the DC power supply to stop charging the capacitor unit.

[0107] For example, the target voltage value may be the maximum voltage value that the capacitor unit needs to store, and the target voltage value may be preset. The target voltage values ​​corresponding to different capacitor units in the driving power supply may be the same or different.

[0108] In the embodiment of the present application, the voltage sampling unit can be used to determine whether the voltage on the capacitor unit reaches the target voltage value, and then when the target voltage value is reached, the DC power supply control unit controls the DC power supply to stop charging the capacitor unit.

[0109] Step 706: Turn on the third power unit and the first power unit group, and control the power units in the first power unit group to turn on and off based on the turn-on duty cycle of each power unit in the first power unit group, so that the first capacitor unit supplies power to the central solenoid.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present application, the driving unit of the power unit in the control system 20 may control the third power unit G3 and the power units in the first power unit group to be turned on.

[0111] As shown in Figure 4, the first power cell group may include power cells G11 and G22. Furthermore, the power cells in the second power cell group may remain in the off state, and the second power cell group may include power cells G12 and G21. In this way, the first capacitor unit C1 can power the central solenoid L. The current output from the positive electrode of the first capacitor unit C1 can be transmitted to the central solenoid L through the power cell G11 and the third power cell G3. The current output from the central solenoid L then flows to the negative electrode of the first capacitor unit C1 through the power cell G22.

[0112] In some embodiments, the on-duty cycle of the first power unit (e.g., G11) in the first power unit group is less than 1, and the on-duty cycle of the second power unit (e.g., G22) in the first power unit group is equal to 1. During the stage in which the first capacitor unit C1 supplies power to the central solenoid L, the first power unit G11 and the second power unit G12 in the first power supply module can be controlled to be alternately turned on based on the on-duty cycle of the first power unit G11 in the first power supply module, and the first power unit G21 in the second power supply module can be controlled to be continuously turned off, while the second power unit G22 in the second power supply module can be controlled to be continuously turned on. The sum of the on-duty cycle of the power unit G11 and the on-duty cycle of the power unit G12 can be equal to 1.

[0113] Step 708: When the current transmitted in the central solenoid reaches a first current value, the third power unit and the first power unit group are turned off so that the first capacitor unit stops supplying power to the central solenoid, and the current transmitted in the central solenoid is freewheeled through the freewheeling diode and the current limiting resistor connected to the second capacitor unit and the second power unit group.

[0114] In the embodiment of the present application, a current sampling unit in the control system 20 can be used to determine whether the current transmitted by the central solenoid has reached a first current value. When the first current value is reached, the power unit drive unit in the control system 20 can control the third power unit G3 and the power units G11 and G22 in the first power unit group to be turned off.

[0115] After the third power unit G3 and power units G11 and G22 are turned off, the central solenoid L can still output current, and the current transmission direction remains the same. Therefore, the current output by the central solenoid L can be transmitted sequentially through the freewheeling diode D21 connected in parallel with power unit G21, the second capacitor unit C2, the freewheeling diode D12 connected in parallel with power unit G12, and the current-limiting resistor R3 to achieve freewheeling. During this freewheeling phase, the first power unit G21 and the second power unit G22 in the second power supply module can be alternately turned on.

[0116] Step 710: Turn on the third power unit and the second power unit group at a specified time, and control the power units in the second power unit group to turn on and off based on the turn-on duty cycle of each power unit in the second power unit group, so that the second capacitor unit supplies power to the central solenoid.

[0117] In the embodiment of the present application, the third power unit G3 and the power units G12 and G21 in the second power unit group can be controlled to be turned on by controlling the driving unit of the power unit in the system 20 .

[0118] During the continuous flow process, the current can continue to transmit for a period of time. In the embodiment of the present application, the specified time can be determined based on the breakdown condition of the gas in the nuclear fusion reaction chamber caused by the current during the continuous flow process, and the required holding time of the generated plasma. The specified time can be the moment when the current in the continuous flow process is about to drop to 0. If the subsequent flow can be maintained for 10 milliseconds after the first capacitor unit C1 stops supplying power, the third power unit and the second power unit group can be turned on 10 milliseconds after the third power unit and the first power unit group are turned off, so that the second capacitor unit C2 starts supplying power.

[0119] In some embodiments, the on-duty cycle of the first power unit (e.g., G21) in the second power unit group is less than 1, and the on-duty cycle of the second power unit (e.g., G12) is equal to 1. During the stage in which the second capacitor unit C2 supplies power to the central solenoid L, the first power unit G21 and the second power unit G22 in the second power supply module can be controlled to be alternately turned on based on the on-duty cycle of the first power unit G21 in the second power supply module, and the first power unit G11 in the first power supply module can be controlled to be continuously turned off and the second power unit G12 to be continuously turned on. The sum of the on-duty cycle of the power unit G21 and the on-duty cycle of the power unit G22 can be equal to 1.

[0120] Step 712: When the current transmitted in the central solenoid reaches a second current value, the third power unit and the second power unit group are turned off so that the second capacitor unit stops supplying power to the central solenoid, and the current transmitted in the central solenoid is freewheeled through the first capacitor unit, the freewheeling diode connected to the first power unit group, and the auxiliary diode.

[0121] In this embodiment of the present application, a current sampling unit in the control system 20 can be used to determine whether the current transmitted by the central solenoid has reached a second current value. When the second current value is reached, the power unit drive unit in the control system 20 can control the third power unit G3 and the power units G12 and G21 in the second power unit group to be turned off.

[0122] After the third power unit G3 and power units G12 and G21 are turned off, the central solenoid L can still output current, and the current transmission direction at this time remains the original direction. Therefore, the current output by the central solenoid L can be transmitted in sequence through the auxiliary diode D3 connected in parallel with the third power unit G3, the freewheeling diode D11 connected in parallel with the power unit G11, and the freewheeling diode D22 connected in parallel with the first capacitor unit C1 and power unit G22 to achieve freewheeling. This freewheeling phase can continue until the current in the central solenoid L drops to 0 amps. During this freewheeling phase, the first power unit G11 and the second power unit G12 in the first power supply module can be alternately turned on.

[0123] In some embodiments, the third power unit G3 may not be turned on in step 710, and accordingly, the third power unit G3 may not be turned off in step 712. Since the current direction is reversed during the power supply process of the second capacitor unit C2, even if the third power unit G3 is not turned on, the current transmitted by the second capacitor unit C2 will be normally transmitted through the auxiliary diode D3.

[0124] Steps 706 to 712 are the control process of the driving power supply 10 during one power supply cycle of the central solenoid L. After step 712, steps 706 to 712 may be repeated to repeatedly power the central solenoid L. After at least one power supply cycle has ended, step 714 may be executed.

[0125] Step 714: When the current on the central solenoid drops to the auxiliary current value, turn on the relay in the driving power supply to discharge the voltage on the capacitor unit.

[0126] The auxiliary current value may be 0 A. A current sampling unit in the control system 20 may be used to detect whether the current on the central solenoid has dropped to the auxiliary current value.

[0127] In the embodiment of the present application, the discharge circuit control unit in the control system 20 can be used to activate relays in one or more power supply modules in the driving power supply to discharge the voltage on the capacitor units in the corresponding power supply modules. For example, the relay in the first power supply module can be activated to discharge the voltage on the first capacitor unit C1, and the relay in the second power supply module can be activated to discharge the voltage on the second capacitor unit C2.

[0128] FIG9 is a simplified flowchart of a central solenoid drive system according to an embodiment of the present application, taking the drive system including the drive power supply 10 shown in FIG4 as an example. As shown in FIG9 , after the drive system is powered on, initialization of the various components in the drive system can be performed. These components include the aforementioned host computer, serial port server, data acquisition and processing unit, current sampling unit, power unit drive unit, voltage sampling unit, DC power supply control unit, and bleeder circuit control unit.

[0129] Afterwards, the host computer can set the discharge parameters required for powering the central solenoid. For example, the discharge parameters may include the triggering and opening time of each power unit in the driving power supply and the length of time it remains in the open state, and may also include the output voltage and current values ​​of the DC power supply. Then, the DC power supply control unit can output a charging instruction to the DC power supply to charge the first capacitor unit C1 and the second capacitor unit C2 based on the set target voltage value. When the voltage values ​​of the first capacitor unit C1 and the second capacitor unit C2 are consistent with the target voltage value, charging to the capacitor unit is stopped.

[0130] Then, the power unit's driver can output trigger instructions to each power unit, causing each power unit to turn on and off according to the set time. For example, first trigger power units G11, G22, and G3 to turn on, and then trigger power units G11, G22, and G3 to turn off at a specified time; then trigger power units G12, G21, and G3 to turn on, and then trigger power units G12, G21, and G3 to turn off at a specified time. After powering the central solenoid L for at least one power cycle in this way, the discharge circuit in the driver power supply 10 can be activated by the discharge circuit control unit to discharge the residual voltage in the first capacitor unit C1 and the second capacitor unit C2.

[0131] In summary, the central solenoid driving method provided in the embodiments of the present application can alternately power the first power unit group and the second power unit group, so that the capacitor unit in the first power supply module and the capacitor unit in the second power supply module alternately power the central solenoid. After switching the capacitor unit that supplies power, the direction of the current in the central solenoid is reversed. This allows alternating positive and negative pulse currents to be transmitted to the central solenoid, ensuring a high rate of change in the current transmitted to the central solenoid.

[0132] Embodiments of the present application also provide a fusion reaction system, which may include: a nuclear fusion reaction device and a drive system for the central solenoid. A driving power supply in the drive system may be connected to the central solenoid of the nuclear fusion reaction device to transmit a pulsed current to the central solenoid. The central solenoid in the nuclear fusion reaction device is configured to generate a magnetic field based on the pulsed current, and utilize the magnetic field to generate an initial plasma ring. The plasma in the initial plasma ring is configured to be heated to a fusion reaction temperature to initiate a fusion reaction.

[0133] Because the pulse current transmitted by the driving power supply to the central solenoid has a high rate of change, it can better meet the operating requirements of the central solenoid, ensuring that the central solenoid generates a relatively stable magnetic field, thereby generating a more stable plasma current and improving the stability of the nuclear fusion reaction. Furthermore, because the control system in this drive system can achieve flexible and efficient control of the driving power supply, the process of driving the central solenoid can be simplified, and accordingly, the process of performing the nuclear fusion reaction in the nuclear fusion reaction device can be simplified.

[0134] The foregoing description describes specific embodiments of the present application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that described in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order shown or the sequential order to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0135] Those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by this application. In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts not detailed in one embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0136] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present application. The optional embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present application to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of the present application. The present application selects and describes these embodiments in detail in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present application.

Claims

1. A driving power supply for a central solenoid, comprising: Two power supply module sets; wherein, each of the power supply module sets includes at least one power supply module; each power supply module includes a capacitor unit, a first power unit, and a second power unit; the positive electrode of the capacitor unit is connected to the first end of the first power unit, the second end of the first power unit and the first end of the second power unit are both connected to an auxiliary node, and the second end of the second power unit is connected to the negative electrode of the capacitor unit; the second end of the second power unit in any power supply module of any one of the power supply module sets is connected to the second end of the second power unit in a power supply module of the other power supply module set; A current-limiting resistor; A third power unit; and An auxiliary diode; wherein, in the two power supply module sets, the auxiliary node in one power supply module set is connected to the first end of the current-limiting resistor, the first end of the third power unit, and the output end of the auxiliary diode, and the second end of the current-limiting resistor, the second end of the third power unit, and the input end of the auxiliary diode are connected to one end of the central solenoid, and the auxiliary node in the other power supply module set is connected to the other end of the central solenoid; The first power unit, the second power unit, and the third power unit are controlled to be turned on or off, so that the capacitor unit for transmitting current to the central solenoid switches between the capacitor units in the first power supply module and the second power supply module; wherein, the first power supply module and the second power supply module belong to different power supply module sets respectively.

2. The driving power supply according to claim 1, wherein Each of the power supply module sets includes a plurality of power supply modules; the second ends of the second power units in the two power supply module sets are all connected; 3. The driving power supply according to claim 1, wherein, Each of the power supply module sets includes a plurality of power supply modules; in the two power supply module sets, the second ends of the second power units in one power supply module set are connected to the second ends of the second power units in the other power supply module set in a one-to-one correspondence.

4. The driving power supply according to claim 1, wherein, The second end of the second power unit in the first power supply module is connected to the second end of the second power unit in the second power supply module.

5. The driving power supply according to claim 1, wherein In the target stage of transmitting current to the central solenoid by the capacitor unit of the first power supply module, the first power unit in the first power supply module is controlled to be turned on and the second power unit is controlled to be turned off, and the first power unit in the second power supply module is controlled to be turned off and the second power unit is controlled to be turned on; In the target stage, the on-duty ratio of the first power unit in the first power supply module is less than 1, and the on-duty ratio of the second power unit in the second power supply module is equal to 1; wherein, the on-duty ratio is obtained based on the target voltage corresponding to the central solenoid and the output voltage of the capacitor unit in the first power supply module.

6. The drive power supply according to claim 5, wherein, In the target stage, the first power unit and the second power unit in the first power supply module are controlled to be alternately turned on, and the first power unit in the second power supply module is controlled to be continuously turned off and the second power unit is controlled to be continuously turned on.

7. The drive power supply according to claim 5 or 6, wherein After the target stage, the first power unit and the second power unit in the first power supply module are both controlled to be turned off, and the first power unit and the second power unit in the second power supply module are controlled to be alternately turned on.

8. The driving power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, Each of the power supply modules further includes: a first freewheeling diode and a second freewheeling diode; wherein, a first end of the first power unit is connected to an output end of the first freewheeling diode; a second end of the first power unit is connected to an input end of the first freewheeling diode; a first end of the second power unit is connected to an output end of the second freewheeling diode; a second end of the second power unit is connected to an input end of the second freewheeling diode.

9. The drive power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, Each of the power supply modules further includes: a DC power supply, a first anti-reverse diode, and a second anti-reverse diode; wherein, in each power supply module, a positive pole of the DC power supply is connected to an input end of the first anti-reverse diode, an output end of the first anti-reverse diode is connected to a positive pole of the capacitor unit, the positive pole of the capacitor unit is further connected to an output end of the second anti-reverse diode, and a negative pole of the capacitor unit is connected to an input end of the second anti-reverse diode.

10. The driving power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, Each of the power supply modules further includes: a relay and a discharging resistor; wherein, in each power supply module, a positive pole of the capacitor unit is connected to a first end of the relay, a second end of the relay is connected to a first end of the discharging resistor, and a negative pole of the capacitor unit is connected to a second end of the discharging resistor.

11. The driving power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein, Each power unit in the drive power supply includes: an insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT; wherein, a first end of the power unit is a collector, and a second end of the power unit is an emitter.

12. A driving method for a central solenoid, applied to the drive power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 11, includes: Turning on a first power unit group and a third power unit in the drive power supply, so that a capacitor unit in a first power supply module in the drive power supply supplies power to the central solenoid; wherein, the first power unit group includes a first power unit in the first power supply module and a second power unit in a second power supply module; When the current transmitted in the central solenoid reaches a first current value, turning off the first power unit group and the third power unit, so that the capacitor unit in the first power supply module stops supplying power to the central solenoid; Turning on a second power unit group and the third power unit in the drive power supply, so that a capacitor unit in the second power supply module supplies power to the central solenoid, and the current direction on the central solenoid is reversed; wherein, the second power unit group includes a first power unit in the second power supply module and a second power unit in the first power supply module; When the current transmitted in the central solenoid reaches a second current value, turning off the second power unit group and the third power unit, so that the capacitor unit in the second power supply module stops supplying power to the central solenoid.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, The turning on the first power unit group and the third power unit in the drive power supply, so that the capacitor unit in the first power supply module in the drive power supply supplies power to the central solenoid includes: Turn on the first power unit group and the third power unit in the drive power supply, and based on the on-duty ratio of each power unit in the first power unit group, control the on and off of the power units in the first power unit group, so that the capacitor unit in the first power supply module in the drive power supply supplies power to the central solenoid; wherein, the on-duty ratio of the first power unit in the first power unit group is less than 1, and the on-duty ratio of the second power unit is equal to 1; The step of turning on the second power unit group and the third power unit in the drive power supply to enable the capacitor unit in the second power supply module in the drive power supply to supply power to the central solenoid includes: Turn on the second power unit group and the third power unit in the drive power supply, and based on the on-duty ratio of each power unit in the second power unit group, control the on and off of the power units in the second power unit group, so that the capacitor unit in the second power supply module in the drive power supply supplies power to the central solenoid; wherein, the on-duty ratio of the first power unit in the second power unit group is less than 1, and the on-duty ratio of the second power unit is equal to 1.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, The step of controlling the on and off of the power units in the first power unit group based on the on-duty ratio of each power unit in the first power unit group includes: Based on the on-duty ratio of the first power unit in the first power supply module, control the first power unit and the second power unit in the first power supply module to alternately turn on, and control the first power unit in the second power supply module to continuously turn off and the second power unit to continuously turn on; The step of controlling the on and off of the power units in the second power unit group based on the on-duty ratio of each power unit in the second power unit group includes: Based on the on-duty ratio of the first power unit in the second power supply module, control the first power unit and the second power unit in the second power supply module to alternately turn on, and control the first power unit in the first power supply module to continuously turn off and the second power unit to continuously turn on.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14 further includes: After turning off the first power unit group and the third power unit to stop the capacitor unit in the first power supply module from supplying power to the central solenoid, control the first power unit and the second power unit in the second power supply module to alternately turn on; After turning off the second power unit group and the third power unit to stop the capacitor unit in the second power supply module from supplying power to the central solenoid, control the first power unit and the second power unit in the first power supply module to alternately turn on.

16. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein, The step of turning on the first power unit group and the third power unit in the drive power supply includes: first turn on the third power unit in the drive power supply, and then turn on the first power unit group in the drive power supply; The step of turning on the second power unit group and the third power unit in the drive power supply includes: first turn on the third power unit, and then turn on the second power unit group in the drive power supply.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein Each power supply module in the drive power supply further includes: a DC power supply connected in parallel with the capacitor unit, two freewheeling diodes respectively connected in parallel with the first power unit and the second power unit, and a relay and a discharge resistor connected in series and then in parallel with the capacitor unit; wherein, Before turning on the first power unit group in the drive power supply, the method further includes: For each power supply module, disconnect the relay and control the DC power supply in the power supply module to charge the capacitor unit to a target voltage value; After turning off the first power unit group and the third power unit, turn on the relay in the first power supply module to discharge the voltage on the capacitor unit in the first power supply module; wherein, the current transmitted in the central solenoid is freewheeled through the capacitor unit in the second power supply module, the freewheeling diode connected to the second power unit group and the current limiting resistor. After turning off the second power unit group and the third power unit, turn on the relay in the second power supply module to discharge the voltage on the capacitor unit in the second power supply module; wherein, the current transmitted in the central solenoid is freewheeled through the auxiliary diode, the capacitor unit in the first power supply module and the freewheeling diode connected to the first power unit group.

18. A driving system for a central solenoid, comprising: A host computer, a serial port server, a drive unit of a power unit, and the drive power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 11; The host computer is configured to send a control instruction to the drive unit of the power unit through the serial port server; And The drive unit of the power unit is configured to control the power unit in the drive power supply to turn on or off based on the received control instruction.

19. The drive system according to claim 18, wherein, The drive power supply further includes a DC power supply, and the DC power supply is connected to the capacitor unit in the drive power supply; the drive system further includes: a DC power supply control unit; The host computer is further configured to send a control instruction to the DC power supply control unit through the serial port server; The DC power supply control unit is configured to: control the DC power supply in the drive power supply based on the received control instruction to charge or disconnect the charging of the capacitor unit; and / or, Each power supply module in the drive power supply further includes a relay and a discharge resistor, and the drive system further includes a discharge circuit control unit; The host computer is further configured to send a control instruction to the discharge circuit control unit through the serial port server; The discharge circuit control unit is configured to control the relay to turn on or off based on the received control instruction, and feedback the on / off state of the relay to the serial port server.

20. The drive system according to claim 18 further comprises: A monitoring unit and a data acquisition and processing unit; The monitoring unit is configured to monitor voltage data and / or current data in the circuit of the drive power supply, and transmit the monitored data to the data acquisition and processing unit; The data acquisition and processing unit is configured to process the received data and transmit the processed data to the host computer; The host computer is further configured to determine the on-duty ratio of each power unit in the drive power supply based on the processed data, and generate the control instruction based on the on-duty ratio.

21. A fusion reaction system, comprising: A nuclear fusion reaction device and a drive system according to any one of claims 18 to 20; A drive power source in the drive system is connected to a central solenoid of the nuclear fusion reaction device and is configured to transmit pulsed current to the central solenoid; The central solenoid is configured to generate a magnetic field based on the pulsed current and to generate an initial plasma ring using the magnetic field, and the plasma in the initial plasma ring is configured to be heated to a fusion reaction temperature to undergo a fusion reaction.

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