Combustor and SOFC system

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a combustor and an SOFC system. The combustor comprises a first pipe fitting, the first pipe fitting being provided with a first chamber; a second pipe fitting, the end of the second pipe fitting entering the first chamber being provided with a release member used for gas distribution; and a rectification member, arranged in the first chamber and connected to the second pipe fitting so as to define a second chamber used for gas combustion, the release member being located in the second chamber, and the second chamber being communicated with the first chamber. According to the combustor provided by embodiments of the present application, the structure is optimized, the large-range combustion load adjustment of the combustor from temperature rise to power generation is improved when the combustor is applied to an SOFC system, and the combustion effect is also enhanced.

Description

Burner and SOFC system Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of fuel cell technology, and in particular to a burner and a SOFC system. Background Art

[0002] Most of the time, the burner is the component that processes the low calorific value gases emitted by the fuel cell stack to achieve clean emissions. However, to reduce costs and save space, the burner should also have the function of starting and heating the SOFC system. This requires the burner to burn stably within an ultra-wide gas flow rate and an ultra-wide combustible gas concentration range. Currently, the burners used in SOFC systems mainly use catalytic combustion and flame combustion. Among them, catalytic combustion has the characteristics of stable combustion, wide combustion range, and small size. However, its use of expensive precious metals as catalysts and its susceptibility to contamination by toxic gases, resulting in a shortened lifespan, are increasingly limiting its application. Flame burners have the advantages of structural stability and long lifespan, but the conventional burner adjustment ratio cannot meet the requirements of a wide range of adjustments from heating to power generation in the battery system, and the flame length limits the reduction of the burner volume, which undoubtedly increases the design difficulty of the flame burner.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to at least partially address one of the aforementioned technical problems in the prior art. To this end, the present application provides a burner having an optimized structure that can improve the burner's wide range of combustion load regulation, from heating to power generation, while also enhancing combustion performance.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application also provides a SOFC system.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, a burner is provided, comprising a first pipe fitting, the first pipe fitting being provided with a first chamber; a second pipe fitting, an end of the second pipe fitting entering the first chamber being provided with a release member for gas distribution; and a rectifying member disposed in the first chamber and docking with the second pipe fitting to define a second chamber for gas combustion, the release member being located in the second chamber, and the second chamber being connected to the first chamber.

[0007] The above-mentioned burner has at least the following beneficial effects: The addition of a release member and a rectifying member allows for wide-range gas flow regulation in the SOFC system. Conventional burners lack targeted optimization of the gas inlet, which can easily cause flashback at low flow rates. Simply reducing the gas inlet flow area will significantly prolong the burner flame, and the burner's pressure drop will fail to meet the requirements of the battery system. When the burner of the present application is in use, the release member evenly distributes gas into the second chamber. Because the first and second chambers are connected, after ignition, the gas burns in the second chamber. When a large gas flow rate is released, the rectifying member can limit flashback during combustion. When a small gas flow rate is released, the gas flow rate through the release member is increased, further preventing flashback, maintaining stable combustion at low flow rates, and reducing the thermal impact of the flame on the battery.

[0008] According to the burner described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the release member includes a cylindrical section and a frustum section, the cylindrical section is provided with a first release hole, the frustum section is provided with a second release hole, and the first release hole and the second release hole are arranged alternately.

[0009] According to the burner described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the cone angle of the frustum section is 100° to 160°.

[0010] According to the burner described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the number of the first release holes is 4 to 12, the number of the second release holes is 6 to 12, the ratio of the aperture of the first release holes to the diameter of the cylindrical section is 0.15 to 0.4, and the ratio of the aperture of the second release holes to the aperture of the first release holes is 0.5 to 0.9.

[0011] According to the burner described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the rectifying part includes a first rectifying section and a second rectifying section, the first rectifying section is connected to the second pipe fitting, the first rectifying section is arranged outside the cylindrical section, the frustum section is located in the second rectifying section, and the internal space of the second rectifying section is a gradually expanding structure along the axial direction of the first pipe fitting.

[0012] According to the burner described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the expansion angle of the second straightening section is 20° to 40°.

[0013] According to the burner described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the second rectifying section is arranged with multiple layers of distribution holes connecting the first chamber and the second chamber in the axial direction, and the distribution holes include a plurality of primary holes, secondary holes and tertiary holes. The primary holes are close to the first rectifying section, and the primary holes account for 10% to 20% of the total opening area of ​​the distribution holes, the secondary holes account for 5% to 15% of the total opening area of ​​the distribution holes, and the tertiary holes account for 65% to 85% of the total opening area of ​​the distribution holes.

[0014] According to the burner described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the ratio of the aperture of the primary hole to the diameter of the first rectifying section is 0.05 to 0.2, the ratio of the aperture of the secondary hole to the diameter of the first rectifying section is 0.1 to 0.25, and the ratio of the aperture of the tertiary hole to the diameter of the first rectifying section is 0.1 to 0.35.

[0015] According to the burner described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the ratio of the diameter of the first rectifying section to the diameter of the cylindrical section is 1.5-2.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application, there is provided a SOFC system comprising the burner described above.

[0017] The above-mentioned SOFC system has at least the following beneficial effects: the SOFC system using the above-mentioned burner has an improved structural design that can increase the adjustment range of the burner, can cover the requirements of the battery system from heating up to the full period of power generation, can suppress backfire, keep the burner burning stably at low flow, and reduce the thermal shock of the flame on the battery. Furthermore, it can also suppress the backflow of high-temperature exhaust gas and control the temperature range of the release part and the gas inlet material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present application is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0019] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a burner according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG2 is a structural cross-sectional view 1 of a burner according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG3 is a second cross-sectional view of the structure of the burner according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the second pipe and the rectifying member in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a release member in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] This section will describe the specific embodiments of the present application in detail. The preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the accompanying drawings. The purpose of the accompanying drawings is to supplement the description of the text part of the specification with graphics, so that people can intuitively and vividly understand each technical feature and overall technical solution of the present application, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] In the description of this application, it should be understood that descriptions involving orientations, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on this application.

[0026] In the description of this application, "several" means one or more, "many" means more than two, "greater than," "less than," and "exceed" are understood to exclude the number itself, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the number itself. The terms "first" and "second" are used solely to distinguish technical features and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or as implicitly specifying the number or order of the technical features indicated.

[0027] In the description of this application, unless otherwise clearly defined, terms such as setting, installing, and connecting should be understood in a broad sense, and technicians in the relevant technical field can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific content of the technical solution.

[0028] Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) require high temperatures to operate, and the burner acts as a heat source to provide the SOFC with a high-temperature environment. During the pre-generation phase, the burner burns fuel to provide the heat needed to heat the cell system. During the power generation phase, the burner achieves clean emissions by burning the low-calorific value combustible gas (primarily small amounts of H2 and CO) emitted by the stack. The heat released by the combustible gas is then recycled, further improving the energy efficiency of the cell system. Due to its exceptionally high power generation and energy efficiency, solid oxide fuel cells are considered a third-generation power generation technology.

[0029] Most of the time, the burner is the component that processes the low-calorific-value gases emitted by the fuel cell stack to achieve clean emissions. However, to reduce costs and save space, the burner must also function as the start-up temperature raiser for the SOFC system. This requires the burner to stably burn over an extremely wide range of gas flow rates and combustible gas concentrations. Currently, burners used in SOFC systems primarily utilize catalytic combustion and flame combustion. Catalytic combustion offers stable combustion, a wide combustion range, and a small size. However, its use of expensive precious metals as catalysts and its susceptibility to toxic gas contamination, which reduces its lifespan, are increasingly limiting its application. Flame burners offer advantages such as structural stability and long lifespan, but the turndown ratio of conventional burners cannot meet the wide-ranging requirements of the battery system, from heating to power generation. Furthermore, the flame length limits the reduction of the burner's volume, which undoubtedly increases the design difficulty of flame burners.

[0030] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 , the present application provides a burner, which specifically includes a first pipe 100 , a second pipe 200 and a rectifying member 300 .

[0031] Among them, the first pipe fitting 100 serves as an air hood, in which a first chamber 101 is configured. In a preferred embodiment, the main part of the first pipe fitting 100 is cylindrical, the diameter of one end of which gradually decreases to a preset size, and the other end serves as the entrance of the first chamber 101 for air to enter. It should be noted that the first chamber 101 is provided with at least one air inlet.

[0032] One end of the second pipe fitting 200 for gas transportation entering the first chamber 101 is provided with a release piece 400 for gas distribution. The second pipe fitting 200 is provided with at least one gas inlet, and the release piece 400 is used to achieve uniform distribution of gas. The flow rate of the gas can also be adjusted according to the size of the gas flow rate. The rectifying piece 300 is arranged in the first chamber 101. Furthermore, the rectifying piece 300 is connected to the second pipe fitting 200 to define a second chamber 301 for gas combustion. The second chamber 301 serves as a combustion chamber, wherein the release piece 400 is located in the second chamber 301, and the second chamber 301 is connected to the first chamber 101. There is a gap between the rectifying piece 300 and the first pipe fitting 100, which can provide space for the rectifying piece 300 to deform and reduce the concentration of thermal stress. The axis of the second pipe fitting 200 is collinear with the axis of the first pipe fitting 100.

[0033] Specifically, the SOFC system's gas flow rate is regulated over a wide range by adding a release member 400 and a rectifying member. Conventional burners lack targeted optimization of the gas inlet, making flashback more likely at low flow rates. Simply reducing the gas inlet flow area significantly prolongs the burner flame, while also preventing the burner's pressure drop from meeting the battery system's requirements. When the burner of this application is in use, the release member 400 evenly distributes gas into the second chamber 301. Because the first chamber 101 is connected to the second chamber 301, after ignition, the gas burns within the second chamber 301. When releasing high-flow gas, the rectifying member 300 limits flashback during combustion. When releasing low-flow gas, the gas flow rate through the release member 400 is increased, further preventing flashback. This maintains stable combustion at low flow rates and reduces the thermal impact of the flame on the battery.

[0034] 2 and 5 , the release member 400 includes a cylindrical section 410 and a frustum section 420. The cylindrical section 410 is cylindrical, and a plurality of first release holes 411 are provided on the circumference of the cylindrical section 410. The frustum section 420 has a conical surface, and a second release hole 421 is provided on the conical surface of the frustum section 420. The first release holes 411 and the second release holes 421 are arranged alternately so that the gas can be evenly released to various positions of the second chamber 301 through the cylindrical section 410 and the frustum section 420. At a large flow rate, the release holes can control the gas flow rate to a certain value. At a small flow rate, the gas flow rate can be further increased by increasing the release holes to prevent backfire, thereby allowing the burner to burn stably at an extremely small flow rate. Furthermore, the way in which the frustum section 420 opens holes on the conical surface for flow, suppresses the size of the backflow of the high-temperature exhaust gas, and plays an isolating role in the contact between the high-temperature exhaust gas and the metal material, thereby effectively controlling the temperature of the metal material.

[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 3, the cone angle A of the frustum section 420 is preferably 100° to 160°, where the cone angle A refers to the angle formed by the intersection of the extension lines of the two relative busbars of the cone surface of the frustum section 420. If the cone angle A is too low, it will lead to the inability to suppress the size of the high-temperature exhaust gas reflux, and it will not play the role of isolating the contact between the high-temperature exhaust gas and the metal material. If the cone angle A is too high, it will reduce the mixing between the gas and the air, resulting in a longer flame length of the burner.

[0036] It should be noted that the frustum section 420 of the present application is frustum-shaped, and the top surface of the tip (i.e., the plane at the smaller diameter of the frustum section 420) can prevent ablation and localized stress concentration. Of course, in other embodiments, the top surface of the tip can be provided with a protrusion, which is within the range defined by the intersection of the extension lines of the two opposite generatrixes of the conical surface of the frustum section 420, that is, the protrusion does not exceed the extension line of the generatrix. The protrusion can be hemispherical or triangular, and the surface of the protrusion must be flat without pits or depressions.

[0037] In some embodiments, the number of first release holes 411 is 4 to 12, the number of second release holes 421 is 6 to 12, the ratio of the aperture of the first release hole 411 to the diameter of the cylindrical section 410 is 0.15 to 0.4, and the ratio of the aperture of the second release hole 421 to the aperture of the first release hole 411 is 0.5 to 0.9. For the first release hole 411 and the second release hole 421, too low a number of release holes will lead to uneven circumferential distribution of the gas, and too high a number of release holes will lead to an excessively large opening area, a reduced flow rate, easy backfire, and a narrowing of the combustion range; further, if the ratio of the aperture of the first release hole 411 to the diameter of the cylindrical section 410 is too low, the gas pressure loss will increase and cannot meet the pressure loss requirements of the battery system; if it is too high, the opening area will be too large, the flow rate will be reduced, easy backfire, and the combustion range will be narrowed; further, if the ratio of the aperture of the second release hole 421 to the aperture of the first release hole 411 is too low, the size of the high-temperature exhaust gas backflow cannot be suppressed, and the high-temperature exhaust gas cannot be isolated from the contact with the metal material; if it is too high, the mixing between the gas and the air will be reduced, resulting in a longer flame length of the burner.

[0038] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, the flow straightening member 300 includes a first flow straightening section 310 and a second flow straightening section 320. The first flow straightening section 310 is connected to the second pipe 200. The first flow straightening section 310 is arranged outside the cylindrical section 410. The flow rate of the burner is adjusted by the first flow straightening section 310 and the cylindrical section 410. In the case of large flow, the burner backfire is mainly limited by the first flow straightening section 310. In the case of small flow, the first flow straightening section 310 is not enough to limit the flow rate. The flow rate is further improved by adding a hole in the release member 400 to limit the flow. flow rate, preventing backfire, and thus enabling the burner to burn stably at an extremely small flow rate; further, the frustum section 420 is located in the second straightening section 320, and the internal space of the second straightening section 320 is a gradually expanding structure along the axial direction of the first pipe 100. When the second straightening section 320 is designed in a gradually expanding structure, the cooperation of the release member 400, the first straightening section 310 and the second straightening section 320 enhances the mixing between the gas and the air, and forms a high-temperature exhaust gas reflux vortex to enhance heat transfer, thereby achieving the purpose of enhancing combustion and shortening the combustion flame length.

[0039] Furthermore, as shown in FIG3 , the expansion angle B of the second flow-regulating section 320 is preferably 20° to 40°. In some embodiments, the second flow-regulating section 320 may have only one side or multiple sides. Regardless of whether the second flow-regulating section 320 has one side or multiple sides, in the embodiments of the present application, the expansion angle B of the second flow-regulating section 320 refers to the angle between the side of the second flow-regulating section 320 and the central axis. In a preferred embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG4 , the second flow-regulating section 320 has four sides. Regarding the selection of the expansion angle B, if the expansion angle B is too low, the air jet will be too strong, the flame will be unstable, the combustion space will be reduced, and the flame will be prolonged. If the expansion angle B is too high, the mixing of air and gas will be weakened, combustion will be incomplete, and the flame will be prolonged.

[0040] Furthermore, the second rectifying section 320 is arranged with multiple layers of distribution holes in the axial direction that connect the first chamber 101 and the second chamber 301. The distribution holes can control the amount of air entering the second chamber 301. If the amount of air entering from the distribution holes is too low, it will lead to insufficient combustion, and if it is too high, there will be a risk of combustion blowout. The layered setting is conducive to the rational distribution of air, so that the gas in the second chamber 301 is fully burned, making the outlet temperature of the burner more uniform, and providing a more consistent heat source for the downstream.

[0041] Furthermore, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, the distribution holes include several primary holes 321, secondary holes 322 and tertiary holes 323. The primary holes 321 are close to the first rectifying section 310. The primary holes 321 account for 10 to 20% of the total opening area of ​​the distribution holes, the secondary holes 322 account for 5 to 15% of the total opening area of ​​the distribution holes, and the tertiary holes 323 account for 65 to 85% of the total opening area of ​​the distribution holes. The first-level hole 321, the second-level hole 322 and the third-level hole 323 of the multi-layer distribution hole can be divided into a combustion hole (corresponding to the first-level hole 321), a transition hole (corresponding to the second-level hole 322) and a mixing hole (corresponding to the third-level hole 323) arranged in sequence. The air entering the combustion hole is used to organize combustion. The combustion hole provides the amount of air required for combustion. Too low will lead to insufficient combustion, and too high will lead to the risk of combustion blowout; the transition hole ensures that there is enough air before the gas is burned out. The amount of air entering the transition hole provides a certain amount of air supplement for combustion to ensure its sufficient combustion. Too low will have no effect, and too high will affect the rear-end mixing; the mixing hole provides the remaining air to enter the second chamber 301. The mixing hole can enhance the mixing of combustion exhaust and new air to improve the uniformity of outlet temperature.

[0042] The ratio of the aperture of the first-stage hole 321 to the diameter of the first rectifying section 310 is 0.05 to 0.2, the ratio of the aperture of the second-stage hole 322 to the diameter of the first rectifying section 310 is 0.1 to 0.25, and the ratio of the aperture of the third-stage hole 323 to the diameter of the first rectifying section 310 is 0.1 to 0.35. Regarding the aperture setting of the distribution holes, too low an aperture will result in insufficient mixing of air and gas, while too high an aperture will result in excessively strong air jets and unstable flames. The ratio of the aperture of each level of air distribution holes to the diameter of the first rectifying section 310 has the same effect on performance. The diameter of the first rectifying section 310 represents the size of the combustion zone, that is, the flame radius; the air distribution aperture represents the jet intensity of the lateral air, that is, how deep the air can penetrate into the combustion zone. Therefore, the ratio of the two determines the important performance parameters of the burner.

[0043] Furthermore, the ratio of the diameter of the first straightening section 310 to the diameter of the cylindrical section 410 is preferably 1.5 to 2, wherein, if the ratio of the diameter of the first straightening section 310 to the diameter of the cylindrical section 410 is too low, the flame will become longer, and the gas pressure loss will increase and fail to meet the pressure loss requirements of the battery system; if the ratio of the diameter of the first straightening section 310 to the diameter of the cylindrical section 410 is too high, it will exceed the diffusion range of the gas nozzle and make the combustion organization ineffective.

[0044] An embodiment of the present application also provides a SOFC system having the above-mentioned burner. The SOFC system using the above-mentioned burner has an improved structural design that can increase the adjustment range of the burner, can cover the requirements of the battery system from heating up to the full period of power generation, can suppress backfire, keep the burner burning stably at low flow, and reduce the thermal shock of the flame on the battery. Furthermore, it can also suppress the backflow of high-temperature exhaust gas and control the temperature range of the release part and the gas inlet material.

[0045] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the second pipe fitting 200 includes two gas inlets, and the first chamber 101 includes two air inlets. The gas inlet and the air inlet are arranged symmetrically. The rectifying member 300 is arranged in the first chamber 101 and docked with the second pipe fitting 200 to form the second chamber 301. The second pipe fitting 200 and the first chamber 101 are arranged up and down. The release member 400 connects the second pipe fitting 200 and the first chamber 101. The gas enters the second pipe fitting 200 from the gas inlet and merges with the gas after passing through the release member 400 and is distributed to the second chamber 301. The air After entering the first chamber 101 from the air inlet and merging with it, the gas enters the second chamber 301 through the air distribution holes of the rectifying component 300. The gas and air are fully mixed in the second chamber 301. The ignition rod installed in the ignition rod sleeve generates an arc through high voltage to ignite the mixed gas in the second chamber 301. The combustible gas in the second chamber 301 is first mixed and burned with the air blown in through the combustion hole, and then mixed with the air blown in through the transition hole to ensure complete combustion. The exhaust gas after combustion is fully mixed with the air blown in through the mixing hole, which has the effect of reducing the exhaust gas temperature and making the exhaust gas temperature uniform.

[0046] In this application, some terms used in burner testing are explained as follows:

[0047] Hot spot temperature of the release member 400 (°C): This is the highest temperature of the release member 400. If this temperature is exceeded, the release member 400 may be at risk of deformation, cracking, or ablation. The temperature must be ≤ 900°C. The temperature of the release member 400 is measured by arranging thermocouple measuring points.

[0048] Extinction Limit (SLM): The lower limit of the burner regulation ratio, the minimum gas flow rate for flameout under a fixed air flow rate. The gas flow rate is controlled and fed back by a mass flow controller and is required to be less than 6SLM;

[0049] Outlet hotspot index: The temperature uniformity of the outlet section (the largest outlet at the bottom is the airflow outlet) under power generation conditions (referring to conventional power generation conditions). The calculation method is (the maximum temperature of the outlet section - the average temperature of the outlet section) / the average temperature of the outlet section. Under power generation conditions, the requirement is ≤ 0.034. The corresponding data is collected by placing thermocouples at the outlet.

[0050] Gas line pressure loss (Pa): The pressure loss of the burner gas flow path is calculated as (gas inlet pressure - outlet pressure). It is required to be ≤400Pa under power generation conditions. The corresponding pressure can be tested by installing pressure pipes at the gas inlet and outlet and connecting them to pressure transmitters.

[0051] Combustion efficiency under power generation conditions: Calculated as (gross calorific value of imported fuel - gross calorific value of residual combustibles at the outlet) / gross calorific value of imported fuel under power generation conditions. The combustion efficiency under power generation conditions is required to be ≥ 99%. The gross calorific value of residual combustibles at the outlet is measured through tail gas sampling and analysis, and the calorific value of imported fuel is measured in real time using a calorimeter.

[0052] Combustion efficiency under minimum flame conditions: calculated as the total calorific value of the residual combustibles at the outlet / total calorific value of the imported fuel under the minimum flame condition (6 SLM), which must be ≥95% (wherein, the minimum flame condition refers to the burner condition when the SOFC system is heated with the minimum gas volume (the gas volume is fixed at 6 SLM); the power generation condition refers to the burner condition when the SOFC system is running at full power generation).

[0053] During the test, the cone angle A of the frustum section 420 is set to α; the cross-sectional diameter of the cylindrical section 410 is set to D 圆筒 The diameter of the gas distribution holes of the cylindrical section 410 is set to D1, and the number of holes is set to N1; the diameter of the gas distribution holes of the frustum section 420 is set to D2, and the number of holes is set to N2; the diameter of the first rectifying section 310 is set to D 流道 The expansion angle B of the second rectifying section 320 is set to β; the aperture of the primary hole 321 is set to D 燃 , the hole area is set to S 燃 The aperture of the secondary hole 322 is set to D 过 , the hole area is set to S 过 The aperture of the third hole 323 is set to D 掺 , the hole area is set to S 掺 ; The total area of ​​the air distribution holes on the second rectifying section 320 is set to S.

[0054] Table 1 shows the test examples when the data values ​​of each indicator are set differently:

[0055] Furthermore, Comparative Examples 21 and 22 are added:

[0056] In Comparative Example 21: If the gas nozzle does not have a conical structure and a top opening, the risk of flashback will be greatly increased.

[0057] In Comparative Example 22: If the gas nozzle does not have a conical structure, the flame length will be greatly lengthened.

[0058] Table 2 shows the test results of each group of examples as follows:

[0059] Based on the above test comparison, the conclusions shown in Table 3 are obtained:

[0060] Among them, backfire affects the hot spot temperature of the release part 400; the ratio of combustion stability / combustion organization affects the flameout boundary, combustion efficiency under full load conditions, and combustion efficiency under minimum flame conditions; and the flame length affects the outlet hot spot index.

[0061] Overall, the present invention incorporates the release member 400, which, in conjunction with the first flow regulating section 310, enables wide-range regulation of the SOFC system. Conventional burners lack targeted optimization of the gas inlet, which can easily cause flashback at low flow rates. Simply reducing the gas inlet flow area significantly prolongs the burner flame, while also reducing the burner's pressure drop to meet the requirements of the battery system.

[0062] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0063] ① The application should be able to increase the adjustment range of the burner to cover the requirements of the battery system from heating up to the full power generation period, suppress backfire, maintain stable combustion of the burner at low flow rate, and reduce the thermal shock of the flame on the battery;

[0064] ② This application can suppress the backflow of high-temperature exhaust gas and control the temperature range of the gas nozzle and gas inlet material;

[0065] ③This application can effectively shorten the flame length and reduce the size of the burner;

[0066] ④This application can improve the uniformity of the burner outlet temperature and provide a more consistent heat source for the downstream;

[0067] ⑤ This application can reduce the problem of thermal stress concentration during burner operation and improve the stability of the structure.

[0068] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above embodiments. Various changes can be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in the technical field without departing from the purpose of the present application.

Claims

1. A burner, characterized in that: including a first pipe fitting (100) configured with a first chamber (101); a second pipe fitting (200), one end of the second pipe fitting (200) entering the first chamber (101) being configured with a release member (400) for gas distribution; and a rectifying member (300) disposed in the first chamber (101) and docking with the second pipe fitting (200) to define a second chamber (301) for gas combustion, the release member (400) being located in the second chamber (301), and the second chamber (301) communicating with the first chamber (101).

2. The burner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The release member (400) includes a cylindrical section (410) and a frustum section (420). The cylindrical section (410) is provided with a first release hole (411), and the frustum section (420) is provided with a second release hole (421). The first release holes (411) and the second release holes (421) are arranged staggeredly.

3. The burner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conical angle (A) of the frustum section (420) is 100° to 160°.

4. The burner according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the first release holes (411) is 4 to 12, the number of the second release holes (421) is 6 to 12, the ratio of the aperture of the first release hole (411) to the diameter of the cylindrical section (410) is 0.15 to 0.4, and the ratio of the aperture of the second release hole (421) to the aperture of the first release hole (411) is 0.5 to 0.

9.

5. The burner according to claim 2, wherein: The rectifying member (300) includes a first rectifying section (310) and a second rectifying section (320). The first rectifying section (310) docks with the second pipe fitting (200), the first rectifying section (310) surrounds the outside of the cylindrical section (410), the frustum section (420) is located in the second rectifying section (320), and the internal space of the second rectifying section (320) is of a gradually expanding structure along the axial direction of the first pipe fitting (100).

6. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The expansion angle (B) of the second rectifying section (320) is 20° to 40°.

7. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second rectifying section (320) is axially provided with multiple layers of distribution holes communicating the first chamber (101) and the second chamber (301). The distribution holes include a number of first-level holes (321), second-level holes (322), and third-level holes (323). The first-level holes (321) are close to the first rectifying section (310), the first-level holes (321) account for 10 to 20% of the total opening area of the distribution holes, the second-level holes (322) account for 5 to 15% of the total opening area of the distribution holes, and the third-level holes (323) account for 65 to 85% of the total opening area of the distribution holes.

8. The burner according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ratio of the aperture of the first-level holes (321) to the diameter of the first rectifying section (310) is 0.05 to 0.2, the ratio of the aperture of the second-level holes (322) to the diameter of the first rectifying section (310) is 0.1 to 0.25, and the ratio of the aperture of the third-level holes (323) to the diameter of the first rectifying section (310) is 0.1 to 0.

35.

9. The burner according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ratio of the diameter of the first rectifying section (310) to the diameter of the cylindrical section (410) is 1.5 to 2.

10. A SOFC system, characterized in that: Comprising the burner according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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