Apparatus for managing battery

Abstract

An aspect of the present invention provides a battery management apparatus capable of more accurately diagnosing whether a battery is abnormal. The battery management apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention comprises: a measurement module for measuring state information of a battery; a first diagnosis module configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal by comparing the state information measured by the measurement module with a first diagnosis reference; and a second diagnosis module configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal on the basis of the degree of change in the state information measured by the measurement module.

Description

Battery management device

[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0191795, filed December 26, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a battery management technology, and more specifically, to a technology that can more accurately diagnose whether a battery is abnormal.

[0003] Currently commercialized secondary batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, and lithium secondary batteries. Among these, lithium secondary batteries are receiving attention for their advantages of being able to charge and discharge freely, having a very low self-discharge rate, and having a high energy density, as they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based secondary batteries.

[0004] Recently, batteries (secondary cells) have been widely used for power and energy storage in vehicles such as electric motorcycles and electric vehicles, as well as medium- to large-sized devices such as energy storage systems (ESS). This has fueled growing interest in batteries, leading to increased research and development. Furthermore, commercialization and research are actively underway on swappable battery packs for electric motorcycles and electric vehicles.

[0005] Lithium secondary batteries primarily use lithium oxide and carbon materials as positive and negative electrode active materials, respectively. Lithium secondary batteries comprise an electrode assembly comprising positive and negative plates coated with the positive and negative active materials, respectively, arranged with a separator between them, and an outer case, i.e., a battery case, that seals and encloses the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte.

[0006] A plurality of secondary batteries may be electrically connected to each other and housed together within a module case (module housing) or pack case (pack housing), thereby forming a battery module or battery pack. In this case, each secondary battery included in the battery module or battery pack may be referred to as a battery cell.

[0007] Diagnosing the condition of batteries and taking appropriate action is crucial to ensure stable performance and protect the devices and users of batteries, including battery cells, modules, and battery packs. A representative technology for this purpose is a control device, such as a Battery Management System (BMS), incorporated into battery packs and ESSs to diagnose the battery and take appropriate action.

[0008] In particular, when abnormal conditions occur during battery use, prompt and accurate diagnosis is crucial. Failure to properly diagnose these abnormalities, such as high or low voltage, can lead to battery failure or damage, and in severe cases, even fire or explosion, resulting in serious damage to life and property.

[0009] Although various technologies have been developed and deployed to diagnose abnormal battery conditions, such as high or low voltage, they are still far from being fully developed. In particular, in unusual situations where charging or discharging occurs very rapidly, the technology to quickly diagnose these conditions and take appropriate action is still lacking.

[0010] The present invention was created to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a battery management device capable of more quickly and accurately diagnosing abnormal conditions of a battery, and an application device such as a battery pack including the same.

[0011] Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood through the following description and will be more clearly understood through the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, it will be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the claims.

[0012] In order to achieve the above object, a battery management device according to one aspect of the present invention includes: a measurement module for measuring status information of a battery; a first diagnosis module configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal by comparing the status information measured by the measurement module with a first diagnosis criterion; and a second diagnosis module configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal based on a change in the status information measured by the measurement module.

[0013] Here, the status information is a voltage value, and the first diagnostic module and the second diagnostic module can be configured to diagnose whether the battery is undervolted or overvoltaged.

[0014] In addition, the first diagnostic criterion is configured in a multi-stage form, and the first diagnostic module can be configured to divide the abnormal state of the battery into a plurality of diagnostic stages.

[0015] Additionally, the first diagnostic module may be configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal by taking into account the duration of the status information measured by the measurement module.

[0016] Additionally, the second diagnostic module may be configured to enable abnormality diagnosis in a situation where an abnormality is not diagnosed by the first diagnostic module.

[0017] In addition, the measurement module may be configured to periodically measure the status information, and the second diagnosis module may be configured to calculate a change amount of the status information using the currently measured status information and the status information measured in the previous cycle.

[0018] Additionally, the second diagnostic module may be configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal by comparing the amount of change in the status information with a second diagnostic criterion.

[0019] Additionally, the second diagnostic module may be configured to diagnose an abnormality in the battery by comparing the number of times the amount of change in the status information deviates from the second diagnostic standard with the number of times the amount of change deviates from the second diagnostic standard.

[0020] Additionally, the above reference number of times may have different values ​​depending on the amount of change in the status information.

[0021] Additionally, the second diagnostic module may be configured to diagnose by changing the reference number of times when the amount of change in the status information changes.

[0022] Additionally, the second diagnostic module may be configured to compare the status information measured by the measurement module with a third diagnostic criterion and operate when the measured status information deviates from the third diagnostic criterion.

[0023] Additionally, the second diagnostic module may be configured to block a charging operation or a discharging operation of the battery if the battery is diagnosed as abnormal.

[0024] Additionally, the second diagnostic module may be configured to perform operations with priority over the first diagnostic module.

[0025] In addition, a battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention includes a battery management device according to the present invention.

[0026] In addition, a vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention includes a battery management device according to the present invention.

[0027] In addition, a battery providing system according to another aspect of the present invention includes a battery management device according to the present invention.

[0028] According to one aspect of the present invention, abnormal conditions of a battery can be diagnosed more quickly and accurately.

[0029] In particular, according to one embodiment of the present invention, in a situation where the charging and discharging of a battery is performed abnormally rapidly, a high voltage or low voltage situation can be accurately and quickly diagnosed.

[0030] Therefore, this aspect of the present invention provides an environment in which appropriate measures can be taken quickly in the event of a dangerous situation where the battery malfunctions. Consequently, the safety of the battery can be improved, and the safety of the battery-equipped device or system, as well as the users using it, can be ensured.

[0031] In addition, various additional or more specific effects can be achieved through various embodiments of the present invention. These various effects of the present invention will be described in detail in each embodiment, or descriptions of effects easily understandable to those skilled in the art will be omitted.

[0032] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and, together with the detailed description of the invention described below, serve to further understand the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to matters described in such drawings.

[0033] FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the functional configuration of a battery management device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a plurality of diagnostic steps by a first diagnostic module of a battery management device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] FIG. 3 is a drawing schematically showing an example of a low voltage diagnosis criterion of a battery by a first diagnosis module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 4 is a graph showing the voltage measurement results of a battery according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of a low voltage diagnosis criterion of a battery by a second diagnostic module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 is a graph showing voltage measurements of a battery according to different embodiments of the present invention.

[0039] FIG. 7 is a graph schematically illustrating a configuration for diagnosing whether a battery is abnormal by a second diagnostic module according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] FIG. 8 is a table schematically showing the low voltage diagnosis criteria of a battery by a second diagnostic module according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 9 is a flowchart schematically illustrating the operation of a battery diagnostic device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, it should be noted that the terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as limited to their conventional or dictionary meanings. Based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concepts of terms to best explain his or her invention, they should be interpreted in a way that aligns with the technical spirit of the present invention.

[0043] Accordingly, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention, and it should be understood that there may be various equivalents and modified examples that can replace them at the time of this application.

[0044] This specification may include several embodiments, and if the description of other embodiments can be applied identically or similarly, a detailed description may be omitted and the differences between each embodiment may be mainly described.

[0045] Meanwhile, although terms such as 'module' may be used in this specification, this indicates a logical configuration unit, and each component included in the present invention does not necessarily indicate a component that can be or must be physically separated.

[0046]

[0047] FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the functional configuration of a battery management device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Referring to FIG. 1, a battery management device according to the present invention includes a measurement module (100), a first diagnostic module (200), and a second diagnostic module (300).

[0049] The above measurement module (100) may be configured to measure battery status information. Here, the battery may be a battery cell representing a single secondary battery, a cell group including multiple such battery cells, or a concept including a battery module, a battery pack, a battery rack, etc.

[0050] Battery status information may include the internal and / or external status of the battery. For example, the measurement module (100) may measure the voltage of the battery as the battery status. In this case, the measurement module (100) may be implemented as a voltage sensor or may be equipped with a voltage sensor. In particular, when the battery management device according to the present invention is configured to diagnose low voltage and / or overvoltage of the battery, the measurement module (100) may measure the voltage between the two terminals (positive terminal and negative terminal) of the battery.

[0051] Alternatively, the measurement module (100) may measure information such as current, temperature, SOC (State Of Charge), internal resistance, SOH (State Of Health), etc. of the battery as status information of the battery. For example, the battery management device according to the present invention may be configured to diagnose whether there is an abnormality in the temperature (high temperature, low temperature), charge / discharge overcurrent, temperature imbalance between cells, SOC imbalance between cells, etc. of the battery. In this case, the measurement module (100) may be configured to measure or calculate at least one factor among the voltage, current, temperature, SOC, internal resistance, and SOH of the battery in order to perform the corresponding diagnosis operation.

[0052]

[0053] The first diagnostic module (200) may be configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal using the battery status information measured by the measurement module (100). To this end, the first diagnostic module (200) may receive a measurement value regarding the battery status information from the measurement module (100). In addition, the first diagnostic module (200) may compare the received measurement value with a first diagnostic criterion.

[0054] Here, the first diagnostic criterion may be a reference value for the first diagnostic module (200) to compare with the measurement value transmitted from the measurement module (100), and may serve as a criterion for determining whether the battery is abnormal. This first diagnostic criterion may be expressed as a specific value or a specific range. For example, if the status information measured by the measurement module (100) is voltage, the first diagnostic criterion may be expressed as a specific voltage value. As a more specific example, the first diagnostic criterion may be expressed as a specific voltage value, such as 3.1 V. In this case, the first diagnostic module (200) may diagnose whether the battery is abnormal based on 3.1 V.

[0055] The first diagnostic criterion may be pre-stored in a specific component or may be calculated on a case-by-case basis. For example, the first diagnostic criterion may be stored within the first diagnostic module (200) itself or may be stored in another component external to the first diagnostic module (200). Alternatively, the first diagnostic criterion may be transmitted to the first diagnostic module (200) via a wired or wireless communication network from another external component, such as a server located external to the battery management device.

[0056]

[0057] The second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal by using the battery status information measured by the measurement module (100). That is, when the battery status information is measured by the measurement module (100), the measured value may be transmitted to both the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300), and may become data for performing each diagnostic operation. At this time, the diagnostic operation by the first diagnostic module (200) and the diagnostic operation by the second diagnostic module (300) may be performed differently. In order to distinguish each diagnostic operation, the diagnostic operation performed by the first diagnostic module (200) may be expressed as the first diagnostic operation, and the diagnostic operation performed by the second diagnostic module (300) may be expressed as the second diagnostic operation.

[0058] In particular, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose whether the battery is abnormal based on the amount of change in the status information. That is, when the status information of the battery is measured by the measurement module (100), the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose whether the battery is abnormal based on the degree to which the measured status information has changed. While the first diagnostic module (200) diagnoses whether the battery is abnormal by comparing the measured value of the status information itself with a reference value (first diagnostic reference), the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose whether the battery is abnormal after deriving the amount of change in the measured value of the status information.

[0059] For example, when overvoltage or undervoltage of a battery is diagnosed by a battery management device according to the present invention, the voltage value of the battery can be measured by the measurement module (100). At this time, the first diagnosis module (200) can diagnose whether the battery is abnormal by comparing the measured voltage value with the first diagnosis standard. On the other hand, the second diagnosis module (300) can diagnose whether the battery is abnormal after deriving the amount of change in the voltage value, rather than using the measured voltage value as is.

[0060]

[0061] The above implementation configuration enables more accurate assessment of battery condition. Specifically, diagnostic operations can be performed in different ways for the same measured value, allowing for complementary diagnoses for the same battery. For example, by performing multiple different diagnostic operations for low voltage based on voltage measurements, more accurate diagnosis can be achieved in various situations. Therefore, faster and more efficient responses to abnormal conditions, such as battery failure, can be achieved.

[0062]

[0063] The first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) can perform related operations or functions by selectively including devices or components such as processors, controllers, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), other chipsets, logic circuits, registers, communication modems, and data processing devices known in the art. In addition, their operations can be implemented in software, in which case the program can be stored in the built-in or external memory of the corresponding components. In this respect, the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) can also be replaced with terms such as processor, controller, and chipset.

[0064] Moreover, the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) may be implemented by a single component or part. For example, the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) may be implemented by a single processor or chipset.

[0065] As a more specific example, a battery management device according to the present invention may include a measurement module (100) and a processor. The processor may include a first diagnostic module and a second diagnostic module. That is, the processor may be configured to perform integrated diagnostic operations of the first and second diagnostic modules.

[0066] In particular, the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) can be implemented by a BMS (Battery Management System) included in a battery pack or ESS.

[0067] In addition, the first diagnostic module (200) and / or the second diagnostic module (300) do not necessarily have to be physically integrated or located in the same location. That is, at least some functions of the first diagnostic module (200) and / or the second diagnostic module (300) may be implemented by dividing them into different parts or components. For example, some functions of the first diagnostic module (200) may be performed on the battery pack side, such as in the BMS, and other functions of the first diagnostic module (200) may be performed on the vehicle side, such as in the ECU (Energy Control Unit) or VCU (Vehicle Control Unit).

[0068]

[0069] The battery management device according to the present invention may further include a memory (400), as illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0070] The above memory (400) can store various data or programs required for the first diagnostic module (200) and / or the second diagnostic module (300) to perform their functions. For example, the memory (400) can store the first diagnostic criteria. In addition, the memory (400) can store various data required for performing the first diagnostic operation and / or the second diagnostic operation included in the present specification.

[0071] The memory (400) may be implemented in a form integrated into another component included in the battery management device, such as a component that functions as the first diagnostic module (200) and / or the second diagnostic module (300). For example, the memory (400) may be implemented in the form of built-in memory provided to a processor that functions as the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300).

[0072] The above memory (400) is not particularly limited in type as long as it is a storage medium capable of recording and erasing information. For example, the memory (400) may be implemented as a RAM, ROM, register, hard disk, optical recording medium, or magnetic recording medium.

[0073]

[0074] Both the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) can be configured to diagnose whether the battery is undervoltaged or overvoltaged.

[0075] In this case, the measurement module (100) can be implemented as a voltage sensor and can measure the voltage as battery status information and provide it to the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300). Then, the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) can perform their respective diagnostic operations, i.e., the first diagnostic operation and the second diagnostic operation, using the provided voltage measurement values.

[0076] More specifically, the first diagnostic module (200) can compare the voltage measurement value with the first diagnostic standard and determine whether the battery is abnormal based on the comparison result. If the first diagnostic standard for a situation in which a low voltage is measured is 3.1 V, the first diagnostic module (200) can determine whether the voltage measurement value exceeds 3.1 V. If the voltage measurement value exceeds the first diagnostic standard (3.1 V), the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose that the battery is in a normal state. On the other hand, if the voltage measurement value is lower than the first diagnostic standard (3.1 V), the battery can be diagnosed as being in an abnormal state, that is, in a low voltage state.

[0077] In addition, the second diagnostic module (300) can calculate the amount of change in the voltage measurement value. Then, based on the calculated voltage change amount, it can determine whether the battery is abnormal. If the voltage change amount of the battery is not large, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose that the battery is in a normal state. On the other hand, if the voltage change amount of the battery is above a certain level, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose that the battery is in an abnormal state, for example, in a low voltage state.

[0078]

[0079] The first diagnostic module (200) can be configured to classify abnormal battery states into multiple diagnostic stages. This will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 2.

[0080] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a plurality of diagnostic steps by a first diagnostic module of a battery management device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0081] Referring to FIG. 2, the first diagnostic stage diagnosed by the first diagnostic module can be divided into five levels (Levels C1 to C5). Here, Normal (Level C1) indicates a normal state for the corresponding status information of the battery, and the remaining four diagnostic stages, namely Warning 1 (Level C2), Warning 2 (Level C3), Fault (Level C4), and Failure (Level C5), can be said to indicate abnormal states for the corresponding status information of the battery. Furthermore, Warning 1, Warning 2, Fault, and Failure can be referred to or interpreted as warning, danger, defect, and breakdown, respectively, and can indicate that a problem becomes increasingly serious as the priority increases. That is, Failure can indicate that the abnormal state of the battery is the most serious. For example, when the battery management device according to the present invention diagnoses an overvoltage of a battery, Failure can indicate a case where the overvoltage state of the battery is the most serious. However, it should be understood that the names or meanings of each level indicating the level of the abnormal state can be modified in various other forms.

[0082] The first diagnostic module (200) can determine which of a number of diagnostic stages the battery being diagnosed belongs to. For example, when determining whether a battery has a low voltage, the first diagnostic module (200) can distinguish whether the battery is in a normal state (Normal) or a low voltage state. Furthermore, if the battery is in a low voltage state, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the low voltage level as Warning 1, Warning 2, Fault, or Failure depending on the severity of the low voltage state.

[0083] In order to perform multi-stage diagnosis on a battery in this way, the first diagnosis criterion can be configured in a multi-stage form. In particular, the first diagnosis criterion can have two or more reference values. For example, referring to the implementation configuration of FIG. 2, when a battery is diagnosed in five stages, three first diagnosis criteria can be provided, such as R1, R2, R3, and R4. Here, R1, R2, R3, and R4 can be criteria for distinguishing between Level C1 and Level C2, between Level C2 and Level C3, between Level C3 and Level C4, and between Level C4 and Level C5, respectively. At this time, each diagnosis criterion can be a boundary value that distinguishes each stage as a specific numerical value. As another example, each diagnosis criterion can be a specific range representing each stage.

[0084] In this case, when the diagnostic criteria are multi-staged and have multiple reference values, the diagnostic stages can be divided into five or more. That is, the number of diagnostic stages can be one more than the number of reference values. For example, in the example of Figure 2, since there are four reference values, the diagnostic stages can be divided into five.

[0085] Furthermore, the first diagnostic criterion may be configured to classify the abnormal state of the battery into two or more diagnostic stages. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the first diagnostic criterion may have three reference values ​​(R2, R3, R4) to classify the abnormal state of the battery by level. In this case, the first diagnostic module (200) may diagnose the abnormal state of the battery by classifying it into four stages (Warning 1, Warning 2, Fault, Failure).

[0086] As shown in Fig. 2, a plurality of diagnostic steps or first diagnostic criteria for distinguishing them are information required for the first diagnostic module (200) to perform the first diagnostic operation, and can be stored in the first diagnostic module (200) or memory (400).

[0087]

[0088] The first diagnostic module (200) may be configured to consider the duration of status information when diagnosing whether a battery is abnormal. That is, the first diagnostic module (200) can determine whether a battery is abnormal or the level of abnormality by considering both the status information conditions and the duration conditions. This will be described in more detail with additional reference to FIG. 3.

[0089] FIG. 3 is a drawing schematically showing an example of a low voltage diagnosis criterion of a battery by a first diagnosis module (200) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0090] Referring to FIG. 3, a first reference voltage is displayed as a first diagnostic criterion for the first diagnostic module (200) to determine whether a low voltage is an abnormal state of the battery. In particular, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose whether the low voltage state of the battery is normal or abnormal, using 3.1 V as the first reference voltage. If the voltage of the battery measured by the measurement module (100) exceeds 3.1 V, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the battery as being in a normal state. On the other hand, if the measured voltage of the battery is 3.1 V or lower, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the battery as being in an abnormal low voltage state.

[0091] At this time, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the low voltage state of the battery more specifically by adding 2.5 V, 2.3 V, and 2 V as the first reference voltage. For example, when the voltage of the battery is 3.1 V or lower, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as a warning (Warning 1) stage. And, when the voltage of the battery is 2.5 V or lower, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as a danger (Warning 2) stage. In addition, when the voltage of the battery is 2.3 V or lower, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as a more serious state, a fault stage. In particular, when the voltage of the battery is 2 V or lower, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as a failure stage, which is the most serious state.

[0092]

[0093] Here, the first diagnostic module (200) may be configured to finally diagnose the abnormal state of the battery by considering how long each abnormal state persists. In particular, the first diagnostic module (200) may diagnose each level as an abnormal state if the abnormal state persists for a certain period of time or longer. In this case, if there are multiple levels of abnormal states of the battery, the time conditions for each level of abnormal states may be the same or different.

[0094] For example, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3, for each abnormal level of the battery (Warning 1, Warning 2, Fault, Failure), the reference time may be set to 1 second, 1 second, 1 second, and 20 seconds. At this time, if the measured voltage of the battery is maintained for more than the reference time in each diagnosis stage, the diagnosis stage may be finally determined. More specifically, the first diagnosis module (200) may diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as a warning (Warning 1) stage if the measured voltage of the battery is 3.1 V or lower for more than 1 second. In addition, the first diagnosis module (200) may diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as a danger (Warning 2) stage if the measured voltage of the battery is 2.5 V or lower for more than 1 second. In addition, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as a fault stage if the measured voltage of the battery remains at 2.3 V or lower for 1 second or longer. In addition, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as a fault stage if the measured voltage of the battery remains at 2.0 V or lower for 10 seconds or longer.

[0095] If the measured voltage value itself satisfies the first reference voltage condition of each level, but the duration does not satisfy the reference time condition, the first diagnosis module (200) can diagnose the battery as a higher level immediately. For example, if the measured voltage value is 3.1 V or less and satisfies the first reference voltage of the C2 level, but such voltage value is maintained for only 0.5 seconds, the first diagnosis module (200) may not diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as the C2 level (Warning 1), but may diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as the C1 level (Normal), which is the higher level. As another example, if the measured voltage value is 2.5 V or less and satisfies the first reference voltage of the C3 level, but such voltage value is maintained for only 0.5 seconds, the first diagnosis module (200) may not diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as the C3 level (Warning 2), but may diagnose the low voltage state of the battery as the C2 level (Warning 1), which is the higher level.

[0096] In this way, for diagnosing an abnormal state of a battery, an embodiment that considers the maintenance time together with the state information is described in more detail with additional reference to FIG. 4.

[0097] Fig. 4 is a graph illustrating the voltage measurement results of a battery according to one embodiment of the present invention. In particular, Fig. 4 illustrates the voltage measurement results in a battery discharge situation and can be used for low-voltage diagnosis of a battery.

[0098] Referring to Fig. 4, the voltage measurement value for a specific battery is indicated as Ga. Here, the horizontal axis (T) represents time, and the vertical axis (V) represents voltage. Here, the unit of the horizontal axis may be seconds (sec), and the unit of the vertical axis may be volts (V), but it is to be understood that other units may be used. In addition, it is assumed that a reference voltage of 3.1 V is set as the first diagnostic standard for diagnosing an abnormal state, particularly a low voltage, for such a battery. Furthermore, 3.1 V may be a standard for distinguishing between a normal state and an abnormal state, particularly a normal state and a warning (Warning 1) state, as described in the embodiment of Fig. 3 above. In this embodiment, the case where the reference time for diagnosing as a warning stage is 1 second is explained as the standard.

[0099] In the graph of Fig. 4, before the pa1 point, since the voltage measurement value exceeds the reference voltage (3.1 V), the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the battery as normal. However, looking at the graph, a value lower than 3.1 V was temporarily measured between the pa1 point and the pa2 point. At this time, the first diagnostic module (200) can determine whether the time (ta2-ta1) between the pa1 point and the pa2 point, that is, the length of the section indicated as tw1 in Fig. 4, exceeds 1 second, which is the reference time of the warning stage. If tw1 is less than 1 second, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the section between the pa1 point and the pa2 point as normal, rather than diagnosing it as a warning stage for low voltage of the battery.

[0100] In addition, in the graph of FIG. 4, after the point pa3, the voltage measurement value of the battery continues to be below 3.1 V. In this case, if the voltage measurement value of the battery continues to be below 3.1 V for more than 1 second, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose an abnormality, particularly a warning stage, regarding the low voltage of the battery. For example, in the graph of FIG. 4, at the point ta4, which is 1 second after the point ta3 corresponding to the point pa3, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the low voltage-related warning (Warning 1) stage of the battery.

[0101]

[0102] As described in the above drawings 3 and 4, the first reference voltage (first diagnostic reference) and reference time corresponding to each diagnostic step may be stored in advance in the first diagnostic module (200) or memory (400). Alternatively, such reference voltage or reference time may be calculated or modified by the first diagnostic module (200) or the like.

[0103] Meanwhile, the measurement module (100) can measure the status information of the battery periodically and / or aperiodically. For example, a voltage sensor as the measurement module (100) can measure the voltage of the battery at a cycle of 50 ms. Then, the status information (voltage measurement value) measured periodically in this way can be transmitted to the first diagnosis module (200). Then, the first diagnosis module (200) determines whether the voltage measurement value satisfies the first diagnosis criterion and reference time by considering the voltage measurement value and the measurement cycle, and can thereby determine an abnormal state of the battery.

[0104] According to the above-described embodiment of the present invention, more accurate diagnosis of abnormal conditions of a battery can be made. In particular, the abnormal condition of a battery is determined based on the measurement value by a measurement module (100) such as a voltage sensor, but measurement errors may occur due to temporary errors or noise of the measurement module (100). However, according to the above-described embodiment, since it considers whether the measurement value is maintained for a certain period of time or longer, incorrect diagnosis due to such measurement errors can be prevented. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 4, the voltage behavior measured between the time points ta1 and ta2 may be temporary and due to a measurement error. In this case, the first diagnosis module (200) can improve the accuracy of abnormal diagnosis of the battery by not diagnosing it as abnormal.

[0105]

[0106] The second diagnostic module (300) can be configured to enable abnormal diagnosis in a situation where an abnormality is not diagnosed by the first diagnostic module (200).

[0107] For example, the second diagnostic module (300) may first diagnose the battery as being abnormal before the first diagnostic module (200) diagnoses the battery as being abnormal. More specifically, when diagnosing whether the battery is under voltage, the first diagnostic module (200) may diagnose the battery as normal, but the second diagnostic module (300) may first diagnose the battery as abnormal.

[0108] In particular, in the embodiment of the above-described FIG. 3, even if it is not diagnosed as abnormal by the first diagnostic module (200) because either the reference voltage or the reference time is not satisfied, the same battery can be diagnosed as abnormal first by the second diagnostic module (300).

[0109] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, the first diagnostic module (200) may not diagnose the battery as abnormal until the voltage measurement value is 3.1 V or lower, but before the state of being 3.1 V or lower is maintained for more than 1 second. However, the second diagnostic module (300) may diagnose the battery as abnormal based on the amount of change in status information (amount of change in voltage) before the first diagnostic module (200) diagnoses it as abnormal, that is, before the state of being 3.1 V or lower is maintained for more than 1 second.

[0110]

[0111] The second diagnostic module (300), like the first diagnostic module (200), can diagnose whether the battery is abnormal or in an abnormal state. At this time, the abnormality diagnosed by the second diagnostic module (300) can be diagnosed as the same as the abnormal situation diagnosed by the first diagnostic module (200). For example, the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose whether the battery is in a low voltage state as an abnormal situation. However, the abnormality level diagnosed by the first diagnostic module (200) and the abnormality level diagnosed by the second diagnostic module (300) may be different from each other. This will be described in more detail with additional reference to FIG. 5 together with FIG. 3.

[0112] FIG. 5 is a drawing schematically showing an example of a low voltage diagnosis criterion of a battery by a second diagnosis module (300) according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0113] Referring to FIG. 5, the second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to diagnose whether the battery is in a low voltage state. At this time, the second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to distinguish whether the voltage of the battery is in a normal state or an abnormal state (low voltage). That is, the second diagnostic stage distinguished by the second diagnostic module (300) may be divided into two levels (E1, E2) with respect to the state of the battery. In particular, the second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to diagnose only whether the battery is in an abnormal state, that is, a failure stage. Here, the failure stage (Level E2) by the second diagnostic module (300) may indicate the same state as the failure stage (Level C5) by the first diagnostic module (200) illustrated in FIG. 3 above.

[0114] That is, the abnormal state of the battery can be diagnosed by dividing it into several stages by the first diagnostic module (200), and the abnormal state diagnosed by the second diagnostic module (300) may be at the same level as the worst abnormal state among the several abnormal levels diagnosed by the first diagnostic module (200). For example, the second diagnostic module (300) may diagnose as abnormal only when the low voltage of the battery is at a level that may lead to an imminent failure, and may diagnose as normal the remaining situations. On the other hand, the first diagnostic module (200) may not diagnose the low voltage as normal even when the low voltage of the battery is not at a level that may lead to a failure, but may diagnose it as an abnormal state (warning, danger, defect) that is not serious rather than a failure.

[0115] In this embodiment, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose as abnormal only for emergency situations in which the abnormal state level is the most serious. Therefore, it can be said that the first diagnostic module (200) is designed to perform normal diagnosis, and the second diagnostic module (300) is designed to perform emergency diagnosis. According to this embodiment of the present invention, for abnormal situations such as low voltage or overvoltage of the battery, the normal diagnosis (first diagnosis) by the first diagnostic module (200) and the emergency diagnosis (second diagnosis) by the second diagnostic module (300) can be performed together. Therefore, a composite diagnosis is performed for abnormal situations of the battery, and through mutual complementation between the diagnoses, the diagnostic performance can be further improved.

[0116]

[0117] In particular, according to one embodiment of the present invention, battery diagnosis can be performed more accurately in situations where the battery's condition changes rapidly. This will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 6.

[0118] Figure 6 is a graph showing voltage measurements of a battery according to different embodiments of the present invention. In particular, Figure 6 can be said to represent a voltage graph for a battery discharge situation.

[0119] In the embodiment of Fig. 6, graphs (Gb1, Gb2) for two different voltage measurement results are shown. Furthermore, Fig. 6 displays a reference voltage as a diagnostic criterion for diagnosing abnormal situations in these voltage measurement results, and indicates whether or not the battery is abnormal or in an abnormal state as distinguished by each diagnostic criterion.

[0120] More specifically, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, similarly to the embodiment of FIG. 3 above, the reference voltage R1 for distinguishing between normal and warning (Warning 1) is set to 3.1 V, the reference voltage R2 for distinguishing between warning (Warning 1) and danger (Warning 2) is set to 2.5 V, and the reference voltage R3 for distinguishing between danger (Warning 2) and fault (Fault) is set to 2.3 V. These distinctions between reference voltages and abnormal states can be utilized or performed by the first diagnostic module (200). In addition, similarly to the embodiment of FIG. 3 above, the first diagnostic module (200) can consider the reference time corresponding to each stage in order to determine each abnormal state. For example, the first diagnostic module (200) can consider whether a voltage measurement value of 3.1 V or less has passed for more than 1 second in order to diagnose it as a warning stage.

[0121] In this situation, referring to the Gb1 graph first, it enters below 3.1 V at the pb1 point. At this time, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the battery as the warning (Warning 1) stage, which is the initial level of an abnormal state, at the time tb2, which is 1 second after the time tb1 corresponding to the pb1 point. Looking at the Gb1 graph, the voltage of the battery at the time tb2, when the diagnosis was made at the warning level, can be said to be the pb2 point. And, it can be seen that the pb2 point still exists at a level corresponding to the warning level. Therefore, it can be seen that the diagnosis of the first diagnostic module (200) was made appropriately. Therefore, in this embodiment, appropriate judgment and response can be made with only the diagnosis by the first diagnostic module (200).

[0122] Next, referring to the Gb2 graph, similar to the Gb1 graph, it enters below 3.1 V at the pb1 point. However, the Gb2 graph shows a much steeper slope compared to the Gb1 graph. This can be said to indicate that the battery corresponding to the Gb2 graph discharges much more rapidly than the battery corresponding to the Gb1 graph. In such a situation, an accurate diagnosis of the battery may not be possible using only the first diagnostic module (200).

[0123] For example, in the Gb2 graph, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the battery as being in an abnormal state, such as a warning state, only at time tb2, which is 1 second after time tb1. However, in the case of the Gb2 graph, at time tb3 and time tb4, which are before 1 second has passed, the point pb3, which is the lower boundary of the warning (Warning 1) stage, and the point pb4, which is the lower boundary of the danger (Warning 2) stage, have already been passed. In addition, the point pb2', which is 1 second after time tb1, has already entered the fault stage. In this situation, the first diagnostic module (200) can diagnose the abnormal state, particularly the warning state, only at time tb2. Therefore, whether or not the battery is abnormal or in an abnormal state cannot be diagnosed quickly and accurately using only the first diagnostic module (200).

[0124] However, in a battery discharge situation such as the Gb2 graph, even if the first diagnostic module (200) cannot accurately diagnose whether the battery is abnormal or in a state, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose whether the battery is abnormal. For example, even in a situation where the low voltage situation of the battery does not meet the reference time and the low voltage situation of the battery cannot be diagnosed by the first diagnostic module (200), the second diagnostic module (300) can compensate for this and diagnose the low voltage situation of the battery.

[0125] In particular, a situation in which the discharge voltage of the battery drops rapidly, as in the Gb2 graph, is a very unusual situation rather than a normal discharge situation, and the second diagnostic module (300) can perform an emergency diagnosis for such an unusual situation. Furthermore, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose the abnormal state of the battery in a single step, rather than diagnosing it in several steps like the first diagnostic module (200). In this case, a faster and more urgent diagnosis by the second diagnostic module (300) can be possible. Furthermore, the abnormal state diagnosed by the second diagnostic module (300) can correspond to the most serious level among the various abnormal states diagnosed by the first diagnostic module (200). Therefore, appropriate follow-up measures can be taken in response thereto by the battery management device or the like according to the present invention.

[0126]

[0127] As in the Gb2 graph, the configuration in which the second diagnostic module (300) diagnoses whether the battery is abnormal in a state in which the battery status (e.g. voltage) changes rapidly is described in more detail with additional reference to FIG. 7.

[0128] Fig. 7 is a graph schematically illustrating a configuration for diagnosing whether a battery is abnormal by a second diagnostic module (300) according to one embodiment of the present invention. For example, Fig. 7 may be an enlarged representation of the A1 portion of the Gb2 graph of Fig. 6.

[0129] Referring to FIG. 7, the measurement module (100) can periodically measure battery status information, such as voltage information. In FIG. 7, the voltage measurement cycle is indicated as tp. For example, the voltage measurement cycle (tp) may be 50 ms. In the graph of FIG. 7, status information periodically measured from a point (pb1) where the voltage is 3.1 V is indicated as m1, m2, and m3.

[0130] When such voltage measurement information is received from the measurement module (100), the second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to calculate the amount of change in the status information (voltage information). At this time, the second diagnostic module (300) may calculate the amount of change in the status information using the currently measured status information and the previously measured status information. In particular, the second diagnostic module (300) may use the currently measured status information and the status information measured in the previous cycle to calculate the amount of change in the status information. For example, the second diagnostic module (300) may calculate the amount of change between the voltage of the battery at point pb1 and the voltage of the battery at point m1, one measurement cycle having elapsed therefrom, as vd1. In addition, the second diagnostic module (300) may diagnose whether the battery at point m1 is abnormal through the difference (vd1) between the immediately previous measurement value and the current measurement value.

[0131]

[0132] The second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose whether the battery is abnormal by comparing the change in status information with the second diagnostic standard. In particular, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose the battery as abnormal if the change in status information of the battery exceeds the second diagnostic standard.

[0133] Here, the second diagnostic criterion may include a reference value to be compared with the change amount of the status information calculated by the second diagnostic module (300). For example, the second diagnostic criterion may include a reference change amount for the voltage of the battery as a criterion for diagnosing low voltage of the battery. Furthermore, when the second diagnostic module (300) diagnoses whether the battery is low voltage using the change amount of the voltage of the battery, the reference change amount as the second diagnostic criterion may be a value representing the range of the voltage change amount that may appear when the battery is in a normal state, particularly the maximum value.

[0134] As a more specific example, referring to the bar illustrated in FIG. 5, the reference change amount as the second diagnostic criterion may be set to 0.03 V. In this case, the second diagnostic module (300) may determine that the state of the battery is abnormal if the voltage change amount of the battery is greater than the reference change amount (0.03 V). The voltage change amount or reference change amount here is expressed as an absolute value, and only the magnitude thereof can be compared.

[0135] For example, in a discharge situation where the voltage value decreases over time, if the voltage measurement value of the previous cycle is subtracted from the voltage measurement value of the current cycle, the voltage change can be calculated as a negative (-) value. However, the voltage change can be converted to an absolute value and expressed in a form where the negative sign is removed, and then the size can be compared with the reference change amount. If the voltage change amount (absolute value) exceeds the reference change amount (absolute value) in a discharged battery state, it can be determined as a low voltage state. On the other hand, if the voltage change amount exceeds the reference change amount in a charging battery state, it can be determined as an overvoltage state. Of course, the voltage change amount or the reference change amount can be a concept that considers not only the absolute value but also the sign (+, -).

[0136] Meanwhile, the second diagnostic criterion, such as the reference change amount of FIG. 5, may be stored in the second diagnostic module (300) or memory (400). Alternatively, the second diagnostic criterion may be calculated by the second diagnostic module (300) or transmitted to the second diagnostic module (300) from another external component. For example, the second diagnostic criterion may be input by a user through an input device, or transmitted to the second diagnostic module (300) from an external server or the like through a wired or wireless communication network or the like.

[0137] According to the above implementation configuration, in situations where the battery's state, such as voltage, changes rapidly, the battery can be diagnosed more quickly and accurately. Moreover, the first diagnostic module (200) can specifically diagnose whether the battery is abnormal in a normal state. However, if the first diagnostic module (200) considers the duration, and the abnormal state of the battery changes rapidly, the abnormal state may not be properly diagnosed. However, according to the above implementation configuration, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose an abnormal state accompanied by a rapid change in the battery. Therefore, since the diagnoses by the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) are mutually complementary, an appropriate diagnosis can be made depending on the situation.

[0138]

[0139] The second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to diagnose an abnormality of the battery by considering the number of times the change in status information deviates from the second diagnostic standard. In particular, the second diagnostic module (300) may compare the number of times the change in status information deviates from the second diagnostic standard (the number of deviations) with the reference number. In addition, the second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to diagnose an abnormality of the battery based on the result of this comparison. Here, the 'number of times' may refer to the number of measurement cycles in which the change in status information is measured to deviate from the second diagnostic standard when the battery is periodically measured.

[0140] For example, referring to the embodiment of FIG. 7, voltage information can be periodically measured by the measurement module (100). At this time, when the measurement cycle (tp) is 50 ms, the voltage information of the battery can be measured every 50 ms, and through this, the second diagnostic module (300) can measure the voltage change amount of the battery every 50 ms. In FIG. 7, the value measured in the next cycle of point pb1 corresponds to point m1, and the voltage change amount between point pb1 and point m1 is vd1. In addition, the voltage change amount between point m1 and point m2 measured in the next cycle is vd2, and the voltage change amount between point m2 and point m3 measured in the next cycle is vd3. At this time, when the values ​​of vd1, vd2, and vd3 all exceed the reference change amount (ex. 0.03 V), the second diagnostic module (300) can calculate the number of departures as 3 times (3 cycles). As another example, if vd1 and vd2 exceed the reference change amount, and vd3 does not exceed the reference change amount, the second diagnostic module (300) can calculate the number of departures as 2 times (2 cycles).

[0141] In this way, the second diagnostic module (300) can calculate the number of departures for the change in the status information, and if the number of departures exceeds a reference number, the battery can be diagnosed as abnormal. Here, the reference number is a value or range to be compared with the number of departures, and can be set as, for example, the minimum number of times to diagnose the battery as abnormal. This reference number can be stored in advance in the second diagnostic module (300) or the battery module, or can be calculated under certain conditions. For example, as shown in the table of FIG. 5, 10 cycles can be set as the reference number for diagnosing a battery as a failure. In this case, when the number of times (cycles) that the voltage change amount exceeds the reference change amount is 10 or more, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose the battery as a failure.

[0142]

[0143] According to the above implementation configuration, when diagnosing an abnormality in a battery by the second diagnostic module (300), the accuracy of the diagnosis can be improved. For example, a measurement error in the measurement module (100) may occur during a specific measurement cycle, and the problem of the battery being incorrectly diagnosed as abnormal due to a temporary error or fault can be prevented.

[0144] In this implementation configuration, the 'number of times' in the number of departures or the reference number considered by the second diagnosis module (300) can also be understood in terms of time. For example, when measuring at a cycle of 50 ms, if the reference number is set to 10 cycles, the reference time can be changed and applied to be 500 ms (0.5 seconds). At this time, the reference time (second reference time) considered by the second diagnosis module (300) can be set differently from the reference time (first reference time) considered by the first diagnosis module (200) in the embodiment of FIG. 3 above. In particular, since the second diagnosis module (300) can perform a diagnosis for a more urgent situation than the first diagnosis module (200), the second reference time can be set shorter than the first reference time. For example, the first reference time can be set to 1 second, and the second reference time can be set to 0.5 seconds. That is, the number of reference times considered by the second diagnostic module can be determined as a value that, when converted to a time unit, becomes shorter than the reference time considered by the first diagnostic module.

[0145]

[0146] The second diagnostic module (300) can be configured to add up the number of non-consecutive departures, i.e., the number of discontinuous departures, and compare them with a reference number.

[0147] For example, assume that the measured change amount exceeds the reference change amount in the first to fourth measurement cycles, the measured change amount does not exceed the reference change amount in the fifth measurement cycle, and the measured change amount exceeds the reference change amount in the sixth and seventh measurement cycles. In this case, the number of deviations in the first to fourth measurement cycles is four, and the number of deviations in the sixth to seventh measurement cycles is two. Although the four deviation cases and the two deviation cases are discontinuous, the respective numbers of deviations can be added together. Therefore, the second diagnostic module (300) can calculate the number of deviations in the first to seventh measurement cycles as six and then compare it with the reference number.

[0148] This implementation configuration enables continuous monitoring of situations where abnormal conditions, such as sudden discharges, are temporarily suspended or in a lull. Therefore, even if an emergency situation involving sudden discharges reappears after a temporary suspension of the abnormal condition, the above implementation configuration allows for appropriate diagnosis and response.

[0149] However, in this implementation configuration, the second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to add up the number of discontinuous detachments only when the number of detached cases is within a certain number of times. Here, the certain number of times subject to addition may be set in various ways depending on various conditions or situations, such as the specifications or type of the battery, and the operating status.

[0150] For example, if a deviation case (first deviation case) is diagnosed in the first to fifth measurement cycles, and a deviation case (second deviation case) is diagnosed after a considerable amount of time has passed thereafter, for example, in the 500th to 505th measurement cycles, it can be said that a considerable amount of time has passed between the first deviation case and the second deviation case. Accordingly, it can be predicted that the correlation between the first deviation case and the second deviation case is not high. Therefore, in this case, the second diagnosis module (300) may compare the number of deviations of each of the first deviation case and the number of deviations of the second deviation case with a reference number, rather than adding them together.

[0151]

[0152] The reference number of times considered when the second diagnostic operation is performed by the second diagnostic module (300) may be set differently depending on the situation. In particular, the reference number may have different values ​​depending on the amount of change in status information. This will be described in more detail with additional reference to FIG. 8.

[0153] FIG. 8 is a table schematically showing the low voltage diagnosis criteria of a battery by a second diagnostic module (300) according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0154] Referring to Figure 8, a number of reference change amounts are included corresponding to a number of levels (E21 to E25). Here, the reference change amount may be a reference value to be compared with the change amount of battery status information. For example, if a low voltage or overvoltage condition is diagnosed based on battery voltage information, the reference change amount may be expressed in voltage units such as 'volts (V)' as a value to be compared with the voltage change amount.

[0155] In addition, the reference change amount can be expressed as a specific value or a specific range. For example, in Fig. 8, only the lower limit is displayed for the reference change amount for each level, but the upper limit can be related to the lower limit of the next level. For example, the E21 level is described as 'over 0.03 V' as the lower limit, but the lower limit of the next level, E22, is 'over 0.09 V', so the upper limit of the E21 level can be expressed as 'below 0.09 V'. Accordingly, the E21 level can also be expressed as 'over 0.03 V, below 0.09 V'. In addition, the upper limits of the E22 and E23 levels can also be set in the same manner.

[0156] Moreover, the various levels (E21 to E25) illustrated in Fig. 8 may be a form in which the abnormal level (E2, Failure) illustrated in Fig. 5 is subdivided. That is, in the implementation configuration of Fig. 5, a case exceeding 0.03 V is classified as abnormal, but in the implementation configuration of Fig. 8, for an abnormal situation exceeding 0.03 V, several levels are further subdivided according to the magnitude of the voltage change amount.

[0157] As illustrated in the implementation configuration of FIG. 8, a reference number of times can be set corresponding to each reference change amount. Furthermore, the reference number of times can have different values ​​depending on the reference change amount. That is, the reference number that the second diagnostic module (300) considers when performing the second diagnostic operation can be determined based on the level of change amount of the status information, i.e., the range of the reference change amount. Accordingly, it can be said that the reference number of times has different values ​​depending on the change amount of the battery status information.

[0158] More specifically, in the implementation configuration of FIG. 8, for the E21 level, the reference change amount is 0.03 V to 0.09 V, and the reference number of cycles is 10. In addition, for the E22 level, the reference change amount is 0.09 V to 0.16 V, and the reference number of cycles is 5. In addition, for the E23 level, the reference change amount is 0.16 V to 0.23 V, and the reference number of cycles is 3. In addition, for the E24 level, the reference change amount exceeds 0.23 V, and the reference number of cycles is 2. And finally, for the E25 level, the reference change amount exceeds 0.3 V, and the reference number of cycles is 2.

[0159] In particular, the reference number of times can be set to have a lower value, at least in part, as the reference change amount increases. For example, in the implementation configuration illustrated in FIG. 8, as the reference change amount increases from the E21 level to the E24 level, it can be seen that the reference change amount increases, such as exceeding 0.03 V, exceeding 0.09 V, exceeding 0.16 V, and exceeding 0.23 V. And, as the reference change amount increases in this way, the reference number of times can be gradually lowered, such as 10 cycles, 5 cycles, 3 cycles, and 2 cycles.

[0160] Here, the reference number of times for each level may be stored in advance in the memory (400) or the second diagnostic module (300), or may be calculated by the second diagnostic module (300). Furthermore, the reference number of times may be calculated as a value immediately before failure, etc., when the battery status information, such as voltage, changes according to the current trend. In particular, the reference number of times for each level may be determined as a value that, assuming that the amount of change in the status information is as large as possible in the relevant section, measures as sufficiently as possible, but does not lead to a serious situation, such as failure.

[0161] For example, referring to the embodiment of FIG. 3, the onset of an abnormal situation for the battery may be 3.1 V, and the most serious abnormal situation, which is a failure situation, may be when the battery voltage is 2 V or lower. In this case, the reference number of times may be determined by assuming 2.1 V to 2.2 V, which secures a slight safety margin from 2 V while ensuring that the battery voltage does not drop below 2 V, for a more accurate diagnosis of the abnormal situation. As a more specific example, referring to the embodiment of FIG. 8, the reference change amount may be 0.03 V to 0.09 V, referring to the E21 level. The worst case scenario for this E21 level may be 0.09 V. Therefore, the reference number for the E21 level may be determined in the following manner using the start voltage of the abnormal situation of 3.1 V, the lowest voltage that secures a safety margin of 2.1 V, and the largest voltage change amount in the corresponding section of 0.09 V.

[0162] 3.1-(0.09*X)>2.1 (X is the reference number)

[0163] X<11.11....

[0164] Here, the reference number X can be determined as a number less than or equal to 11. At this time, X can be determined as 10 by subtracting 1 as a concept of providing an additional safety margin. In this case, as illustrated in Fig. 8, the reference number for the E21 level can be set to 10 cycles. In this embodiment, the reference number of 10 cycles can be said to be the number of measurements (measurement cycle count) that takes into account the maximum sufficient number of times in the voltage change amount state corresponding to the E21 level section, but does not cause the battery to fail. Meanwhile, in the present specification, '*' can mean 'multiplication (×)' in the formula.

[0165] In the embodiment of Fig. 8, the same calculation can be made for other levels, i.e., levels E22 to E25. For example, for level E22, the reference number can be determined using the following relationship, considering the upper limit of that level and the lower limit of the next level, level E23, which is 0.16 V.

[0166] 3.1-(0.16*X)>2.1

[0167] X<6.25

[0168] At this time, the standard number X can be determined as a number less than or equal to 6, for example, 5, which is 6 minus 1.

[0169] Meanwhile, in the embodiment of FIG. 8, for the E25 level, which has the highest voltage range, there may be no upper limit or next level. In this case, the reference number of times for the E25 level may be set to 2 cycles, similar to the E24 level. In particular, the reference number of times considered when the second diagnostic operation is performed by the second diagnostic module (300) may be set to at least 2 cycles or more to prevent incorrect diagnosis due to measurement errors, etc. In addition, it goes without saying that the reference number may be set to 1 when the voltage change amount is excessively large.

[0170]

[0171] In this implementation configuration, the second diagnostic module (300) can determine which level section the change in battery status information, for example, the change in battery voltage, belongs to. In addition, the second diagnostic module (300) can determine whether the change in battery voltage satisfies the standard number of times for the level to which it belongs. Here, the second diagnostic module (300) can finally diagnose an abnormality in the battery if the number of times the change in battery voltage is measured (the number of measurement cycles) is greater than or equal to the standard number for the corresponding level.

[0172] For example, if the voltage change amount of the battery is 0.06 V, the second diagnostic module (300) may determine that the battery belongs to the E21 level and determine the reference number of cycles to be 10. In addition, if the second diagnostic module (300) determines that the number of times the voltage change amount of the battery is measured to be greater than 0.03 V is 10 or more, the second diagnostic module (300) may diagnose the battery as abnormal, specifically as a failure.

[0173] As another example, if the voltage change of the battery is 0.19 V, the second diagnostic module (300) may determine that the battery falls within the E23 level and determine the reference number of cycles to be 3. In addition, if the second diagnostic module (300) determines that the number of times the voltage change of the battery is measured to be greater than 0.16 V is 3 or more, the second diagnostic module (300) may diagnose the battery as abnormal.

[0174]

[0175] Meanwhile, the second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to calculate a reference number of cycles based on the current battery status, or to change a reference number already calculated or stored. Furthermore, in an implementation configuration for diagnosing low voltage, the second diagnostic module (300) may calculate a reference number of cycles based on a voltage measurement value.

[0176] For example, in the above embodiment, the reference number is set using the starting voltage of 3.1 V in the abnormal situation, but if the currently measured voltage measurement value is lower than this, the second diagnostic module (300) can calculate or change the reference number according to the currently measured voltage measurement value.

[0177] More specifically, for the reference change amount of 0.03 V to 0.09 V corresponding to the E21 level in the embodiment of FIG. 8, the second diagnostic module (300) can calculate the reference number of times in the following manner.

[0178] 2.5-(0.09*X)>2.1

[0179] X<4.44...

[0180] In this case, the second diagnostic module (300) can set the reference number to 3 for the E21 level (0.03 V to 0.09 V). In addition, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose a low voltage failure for the corresponding battery when the voltage change amount is measured to be within the range of 0.03 V to 0.09 V three or more times.

[0181] Meanwhile, the reference number of times calculated by the second diagnostic module (300) can be stored or updated independently or in memory (400), etc.

[0182]

[0183] The second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to change the reference number of times when the amount of change in status information changes, thereby performing a diagnosis. That is, the second diagnostic module (300) may change the reference number of times when the amount of change in status information changes while performing the second diagnostic operation based on the reference number derived from the amount of change in specific status information. In addition, the second diagnostic module (300) may diagnose an abnormal state of the battery based on the reference number changed in this way.

[0184] In particular, in the undervoltage or overvoltage diagnosis configuration, the second diagnosis module (300) can derive a first reference number of times corresponding to the first voltage change amount, which is the current voltage change amount. Then, the second diagnosis module (300) can perform a second diagnosis operation by checking whether the battery satisfies the first reference number of times while satisfying the first voltage change amount. However, when the voltage change amount is subsequently changed to the second voltage change amount, the second diagnosis module (300) can newly derive a second reference number of times corresponding to the second voltage change amount. Then, the second diagnosis module (300) can continuously perform the second diagnosis operation by determining whether the battery is abnormal based on the newly derived second reference number of times.

[0185] In particular, when the amount of change in status information changes during the second diagnostic operation and the level changes, the second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to apply a high level of reference count. Here, a high level may mean a level in which the amount of change in status information is relatively worse.

[0186] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 8, if the voltage change amount of the battery is 0.05 V and belongs to the E21 level, the second diagnostic module (300) can determine the reference number as 10 cycles and determine whether the number of measurement times in which the voltage change amount exceeds 0.03 V is 10 cycles or more. However, in the third measurement cycle, if the voltage change amount of the battery increases to 0.12 V, the status level may change to E22. And, the reference number for the E22 level is 5 cycles. In this case, the higher level between the E21 level and the E22 level can be said to be the E22 level in which the voltage change amount is more severe. Therefore, the second diagnostic module (300) determines the reference number as 5 cycles corresponding to the E22 level, and if it exceeds 0.09 V in the 4th and 5th cycles thereafter, since the reference number of 5 times is satisfied, the battery can be diagnosed as abnormal (low voltage failure).

[0187] Moreover, as the amount of change in status information increases, the reference count may decrease. Therefore, in this case, a high level may also mean a level with a low reference count. Accordingly, if the amount of change in status information fluctuates across two or more level sections, the second diagnostic module (300) may perform the second diagnostic operation based on the lowest reference count among the levels.

[0188] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 8, if the voltage change amount varies between the E21 section and the E23 section, the second diagnostic module (300) may set the reference number to 3 cycles corresponding to the E23 level section as the lowest reference number. Accordingly, the second diagnostic module (300) may diagnose the battery as being in an abnormal state if a situation exceeding 0.03 V is measured three or more times.

[0189]

[0190] When the measurement module (100) periodically measures battery status information, the reference number may be expressed in units of time. For example, the voltage change of the battery may be measured by the measurement module (100) at a cycle of 50 ms. In this case, if the reference number is 10 cycles, the reference number may be expressed as a time of 500 ms (0.5 seconds).

[0191] At this time, the reference number of times considered by the second diagnosis module (300) may be configured to be shorter than the reference time considered by the first diagnosis module (200). For example, the reference time for each level considered by the first diagnosis module (200) may be set to 1 second or more, as illustrated in FIG. 3. On the other hand, the reference number of times considered by the second diagnosis module (300) for each level may be set to be 0.5 seconds or less at most when converted to time, as illustrated in FIG. 8.

[0192] According to this implementation configuration, the first diagnostic module (200) can more accurately diagnose abnormal battery conditions, and the second diagnostic module (300) can more quickly diagnose emergency situations among the abnormal battery conditions. Therefore, in this case, the diagnoses by the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) can be performed in a complementary manner.

[0193]

[0194] The second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to compare the status information measured by the measurement module (100) with a third diagnostic criterion. Furthermore, the second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to operate if, as a result of the comparison, the measured status information deviates from the third diagnostic criterion. In other words, the second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to not operate under normal circumstances but to operate only under specific circumstances. Here, the specific circumstances may be those in which the battery status information deviates from the third diagnostic criterion.

[0195] The third diagnostic criterion may be stored in advance in the second diagnostic module (300) or memory (400) as a condition for the second diagnostic module (300) to initiate operation. Alternatively, the third diagnostic criterion may be separately calculated by the second diagnostic module (300).

[0196] For example, referring to the bar illustrated in FIG. 5, a second reference voltage is indicated as another condition for determining whether there is a failure. And, this second reference voltage may be a third diagnostic criterion. In particular, the second reference voltage for the E2 level diagnosed as a failure is set to 3.1 V or less. In this embodiment, the second diagnostic module (300) may first determine whether the voltage of the battery is 3.1 V or less before determining whether the reference change amount exceeds 0.03 V and whether the number of times it exceeds is equal to or greater than the reference number (10 cycles).

[0197] If the voltage of the battery transmitted by the measurement module (100) exceeds 3.1 V, the second diagnostic module (300) does not need to determine whether the reference change amount exceeds 0.03 V or whether the number of such exceedances is greater than or equal to the reference number. Furthermore, the second diagnostic module (300) may not calculate the voltage change amount of the battery if the measured voltage of the battery exceeds 3.1 V.

[0198] On the other hand, if the voltage of the battery transmitted by the measurement module (100) satisfies the second reference voltage (third diagnostic criterion) condition (3.1 V or less) for the E2 level indicating an abnormal state (Failure), the second diagnostic module (300) can initiate the second diagnostic operation. For example, if the voltage of the battery is 3.0 V, since it satisfies the second reference voltage for the E2 level of FIG. 5, the second diagnostic module (300) can calculate the voltage change amount of the battery. Then, the second diagnostic module (300) can determine whether the voltage change amount of the battery exceeds the reference change amount, and if so, whether the number of times it exceeds is equal to or greater than the reference number. At this time, if the voltage change amount exceeds 0.03 V and the number of times it exceeds is 10 cycles or more, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose the corresponding battery as a failure.

[0199] The third diagnostic criterion considered in the second diagnostic operation of the second diagnostic module (300) may be set to be identical or similar to the first diagnostic criterion considered in the first diagnostic operation of the first diagnostic module (200). In particular, the criterion for determining normality and abnormality in the third diagnostic criterion may be set to be identical to the criterion for determining normality and abnormality in the first diagnostic criterion. In particular, when there are multiple first diagnostic criteria to divide abnormal states into multiple diagnostic stages, the third diagnostic criterion may be set to be identical to the criterion for the lowest level of abnormal state among the abnormal states. That is, the third diagnostic criterion may be set as the first diagnostic criterion for distinguishing normality and abnormality among the multiple first diagnostic criteria. For example, in FIG. 3, the first diagnostic criterion for distinguishing normality (Normal) and warning (Warning 1) among the multiple first diagnostic criteria (first reference voltage) is 3.1 V or less. At this time, the second diagnostic criterion can be set to be the same as the first diagnostic criterion (3.1 V or less) of Fig. 3, as shown in Fig. 5.

[0200] According to this embodiment of the present invention, the second diagnostic module (300) can operate efficiently. In particular, when the battery is likely to be in a normal state, the second diagnostic module (300) is prevented from operating, thereby preventing unnecessary power or resource consumption due to the second diagnostic operation.

[0201]

[0202] The second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to perform appropriate response actions based on a diagnostic operation (second diagnostic operation). That is, the second diagnostic module (300) may diagnose whether the battery is abnormal based on the amount of change in status information measured for the battery, and perform corresponding processing actions based on the diagnostic results. In particular, the second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to block the charging or discharging operation of the battery if the battery is diagnosed as abnormal.

[0203] For example, referring to the implementation configuration of FIG. 5 for diagnosing whether a battery has a low voltage, if the measured voltage of the battery is 3.1 V or less, the voltage change amount exceeds 0.03 V, and the number of times the voltage has exceeded is determined to be 10 cycles or more, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose a low voltage-related failure for the battery. In addition, the second diagnostic module (300) can immediately turn off the charge / discharge switch so that the charge / discharge current for the battery is cut off along with the failure diagnosis.

[0204] If an abnormality is diagnosed by the second diagnostic module (300), it is highly likely that this is a very serious emergency situation among abnormal situations. Therefore, according to the above embodiment, by halting the charging and discharging operation of the battery in an emergency situation, it is possible to prevent damage, failure, thermal runaway, ignition, explosion, or other problems to the battery.

[0205] Meanwhile, when a battery module or battery pack includes multiple batteries, each battery may be referred to as a battery cell. In this case, the battery management device according to the present invention may perform diagnostic and / or response operations for each battery cell or for each group of battery cells (cell groups). In particular, when a battery's low voltage or overvoltage is severe, the charging and discharging operations may be suspended for some battery cells or some cell groups, thereby preventing the low voltage or overvoltage situation from worsening for the corresponding cells or cell groups. In this case, the battery management device according to the present invention may also allow other normal battery cells to continue to operate, such as by charging and discharging.

[0206] In addition, the diagnosis-based response action of the second diagnosis module (300) may be implemented in various other forms or methods, such as warning the user or transmitting related information to other components. Here, the other components may be components included in the battery management device according to the present invention, or components included in other devices existing external to the battery management device. In particular, when the target battery is mounted on a vehicle such as a two-wheeled vehicle, the battery management device according to the present invention may transmit information, such as diagnostic actions, such as when the target battery is diagnosed as having a fault, or response actions, such as when charging and discharging is blocked, to a vehicle-side upper control system, such as a VCU (Vehicle Control Unit) or an ECU (Energy Control Unit).

[0207]

[0208] Additionally, the first diagnostic module (200) can also be configured to perform an appropriate response action according to the diagnostic action (first diagnostic action).

[0209] For example, the first diagnostic module (200) may transmit or store information about the diagnostic stage to other components as a response to the diagnostic stage of the target battery. For example, if the target battery is diagnosed as being in the Warning 1 stage, the control module (200) may transmit information indicating that the target battery is diagnosed as being in the Warning 1 stage to other components.

[0210] The first diagnostic module (200) and / or the second diagnostic module (300) may be equipped with a display unit or may provide related data to an external display device to provide diagnostic results to the user. For example, the first diagnostic module (200) and / or the second diagnostic module (300) may transmit the diagnostic results to a vehicle-side system, and the vehicle may provide these diagnostic results to the passengers through the vehicle monitor.

[0211] The first diagnostic module (200) may be configured to control the charging or discharging operation of the battery based on the first diagnostic operation. For example, the first diagnostic module (200) may reduce or stop the charging / discharging current of the battery based on the diagnosis results of the battery.

[0212] In particular, when the first diagnostic module (200) diagnoses the abnormal state of the target battery by dividing it into several diagnostic stages, it can perform a corresponding action divided into each diagnostic stage. For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, when the diagnostic level of the battery is C2 and C3, the first diagnostic module (200) can display only warning information to the user, and when the diagnostic level of the battery is C4, it can reduce the size of the charge / discharge current of the battery or shorten the charge / discharge time. In addition, when the diagnostic level of the battery is C5, the first diagnostic module (200) can completely cut off the charge / discharge current of the battery.

[0213]

[0214] The second diagnostic module (300) may be configured to operate with priority over the first diagnostic module (200). That is, according to one embodiment of the present invention, the diagnostic operations and / or corresponding operations of the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) may be performed on the battery, respectively. At this time, at least in certain circumstances, the diagnostic operation or corresponding operation by the second diagnostic module (300) may be given priority over the diagnostic operation or corresponding operation by the first diagnostic module (200).

[0215] In particular, as in the previous embodiment, when the start of operation of the second diagnostic module (300) is determined through the third diagnostic criterion, if the measured status information for the target battery deviates from the third diagnostic criterion, the second diagnostic module (300) may operate preferentially. At this time, the first diagnostic module (200) may temporarily or provisionally suspend the diagnostic operation or the response operation while the operation of the second diagnostic module (300) is in progress. In addition, the diagnostic operation and / or the response operation by the first diagnostic module (200) may be performed after the diagnostic operation and / or the response operation by the second diagnostic module (300) is completed.

[0216] However, in certain situations, after the diagnostic operation and / or response operation by the second diagnostic module (300), the diagnostic operation and / or response operation by the first diagnostic module (200) may not be performed. In particular, the second diagnostic module (300) may diagnose the target battery as a failure, and a charge / discharge cut-off may be performed as a response operation. In this case, the first diagnostic module (200) may not perform a separate additional diagnostic operation (the first diagnostic operation) or response operation. On the other hand, if the second diagnostic module (300) diagnoses the battery as normal, the first diagnostic module (200) may perform the first diagnostic operation and the corresponding response operation.

[0217] According to this embodiment configuration of the present invention, more efficient diagnosis or response operations may be possible. In particular, when an abnormality is diagnosed by the second diagnosis module (300), the abnormality level may be serious. Therefore, it is preferable that the diagnosis operation or response operation by the second diagnosis module (300) be performed preferentially. Furthermore, the first diagnosis module (200) and the second diagnosis module (300) may share resources such as power or memory (400). In this case, priority is given to the second diagnosis module (300), so that the response operation by the second diagnosis module (300) can be performed first. In addition, the first diagnosis module (200) and the second diagnosis module (300) may be implemented by a single component such as a processor, in which case priority is given to the second diagnosis module (300), so that the second diagnosis operation, which is more appropriate in an emergency situation, can be quickly processed.

[0218]

[0219] Figure 9 is a flowchart schematically illustrating the operation of a battery diagnostic device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0220] Referring to FIG. 9, when the measurement module (100) measures the status information of the battery, the status information measurement value can be transmitted to the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300), respectively.

[0221] At this time, the first diagnostic module (200) can perform the first diagnostic operation by comparing the status information measurement value with the first diagnostic standard (S110) and deriving a diagnostic result (S120). At this time, the diagnostic result of the first diagnostic operation derived at step S120 can be derived in several stages such as Normal, Warning 1, Warning 2, Fault, and Failure as whether the battery is abnormal or the abnormal level. In addition, the first diagnostic module (200) can perform a corresponding processing operation according to the derived diagnostic stage (S130) and transmit the processing result to a vehicle, etc.

[0222] In addition, the second diagnostic module (300) can derive a state information change amount (e.g., voltage change amount) through the state information measurement value transmitted from the measurement module (100) in order to perform the second diagnostic operation (S210). In particular, in step S210, the second diagnostic module (300) can derive the state information change amount using the currently transmitted state information measurement value and the previously transmitted state information measurement value. Then, the second diagnostic module (300) can compare the derived state information change amount with the second diagnostic standard (S220). In step S220, the second diagnostic module (300) can diagnose the state of the battery as normal or failure. Then, the second diagnostic module (300) can perform a corresponding processing operation according to the diagnosis result (S230) and transmit the processing result to the vehicle, etc. For example, in step S230, the second diagnostic module (300) can block the charging and discharging of the battery.

[0223] Additionally, the memory (400) can store information necessary for the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) to perform operations, and transmit the stored information to the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300). For example, the memory (400) can be configured to store data for the first diagnostic criterion and the second diagnostic criterion, and to allow the first diagnostic module (200) and the second diagnostic module (300) to access the stored data.

[0224] In the embodiment of FIG. 9, at least some of the operations performed by the first diagnostic module (200) may be performed after the operations performed by the second diagnostic module (300). For example, in FIG. 9, the step (S130) of performing the corresponding operation by the first diagnostic module (200) may be performed after the step (S230) of performing the corresponding operation by the second diagnostic module (300). In this case, steps S110 and S120 by the first diagnostic module (200) may be performed regardless of the diagnostic operation by the second diagnostic module (300).

[0225] As another example, the entire execution steps (steps S110 to S130) by the first diagnostic module (200) in FIG. 9 may be performed after the entire operation (steps S210 to S230) by the second diagnostic module (300) is performed. Furthermore, the entire execution steps (steps S110 to S130) of the first diagnostic module (200) may be configured to be performed only when the second diagnostic module (300) diagnoses it as normal in step S220.

[0226] Meanwhile, while the embodiment of FIG. 9 was described based on a battery mounted on a vehicle, the battery may also be mounted on other devices. In this case, the first diagnostic module (200) and / or the second diagnostic module (300) may transmit processing results to other devices, etc.

[0227]

[0228] The battery pack according to the present invention may include the battery management device according to the present invention described above. In addition to the battery management device according to the present invention, the battery pack according to the present invention may further include components typically included in battery packs, such as battery cells, a pack housing, fuses, relays, and electrical components such as a battery management system (BMS). Furthermore, at least some of the functions, configurations, and operations of the battery management device according to the present invention may be implemented by a BMS or various sensors included in the battery pack.

[0229] Additionally, the battery pack according to the present invention may be a swappable common battery pack for an automobile, particularly an electric two-wheeled vehicle. Furthermore, the battery management device according to the present invention may be mounted on such a swappable common battery pack for an electric two-wheeled vehicle.

[0230]

[0231] In addition, a vehicle according to the present invention may include a battery management device according to the present invention or a battery pack according to the present invention. Furthermore, a vehicle according to the present invention may be driven by electricity and may include a battery pack for driving. In this case, the battery management device according to the present invention may be provided entirely on the battery pack side. Alternatively, the battery management device according to the present invention may be provided in a form in which some functions or configurations are shared between the battery pack and the vehicle side. For example, the operations or functions of the first diagnostic module (200) or the second diagnostic module (300) are mostly performed by the BMS of the battery pack, but some operations or functions may be implemented by a higher-level system on the vehicle side, such as an ECU (Energy Control Unit) or a VCU (Vehicle Control Unit).

[0232] Additionally, the vehicle according to the present invention may further include other components commonly applied to vehicles, in addition to the battery management device or battery pack. In particular, the vehicle according to the present invention may be an electric two-wheeled vehicle.

[0233]

[0234] Additionally, the battery supply system according to the present invention may include a battery management device according to the present invention. Here, the battery supply system may include a battery charging system that provides a service for charging discharged batteries, or a battery exchange system that provides a service for exchanging discharged batteries with charged batteries. Furthermore, the battery supply system may include a battery inspection and repair system, such as a service center that repairs or inspects batteries. Furthermore, the battery supply system may include a battery sales system that enables the purchase of batteries.

[0235]

[0236] As described above, although the present invention has been described by limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and various modifications and variations are possible by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention and the equivalent scope of the patent claims to be described below.

[0237]

[0238] [Explanation of symbols]

[0239] 100: Measurement module

[0240] 200: First Diagnostic Module

[0241] 300: Second Diagnostic Module

[0242] 400: Memory

Claims

1. A measurement module that measures the status information of the battery; A first diagnostic module configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal by comparing the status information measured by the above measurement module with a first diagnostic criterion; and A second diagnostic module configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal based on the amount of change in status information measured by the above measurement module. A battery management device comprising:

2. In paragraph 1, The above status information is a voltage value, A battery management device, characterized in that the first diagnostic module and the second diagnostic module are configured to diagnose whether the battery is undervolted or overvoltaged.

3. In paragraph 1, The above first diagnostic criterion is composed in a multi-stage form, A battery management device, characterized in that the first diagnostic module is configured to divide the abnormal state of the battery into a plurality of diagnostic stages.

4. In paragraph 1, A battery management device characterized in that the first diagnostic module is configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal by taking into account the duration of the status information measured by the measuring module.

5. In paragraph 1, A battery management device, characterized in that the second diagnostic module is configured to enable abnormality diagnosis in a situation where an abnormality is not diagnosed by the first diagnostic module.

6. In paragraph 1, The above measurement module periodically measures the above status information, A battery management device characterized in that the second diagnostic module is configured to calculate a change amount in the state information by using the currently measured state information and the state information measured in the previous cycle.

7. In paragraph 1, A battery management device characterized in that the second diagnostic module is configured to diagnose whether the battery is abnormal by comparing the amount of change in the status information with a second diagnostic criterion.

8. In paragraph 7, A battery management device characterized in that the second diagnostic module is configured to diagnose an abnormality of the battery by comparing the number of times the amount of change in the status information deviates from the second diagnostic criterion with the number of references.

9. In paragraph 8, A battery management device, characterized in that the above-mentioned standard number of times has different values ​​depending on the amount of change in the above-mentioned status information.

10. In paragraph 9, A battery management device characterized in that the second diagnostic module is configured to diagnose by changing the reference number of times when the amount of change in the status information fluctuates.

11. In paragraph 1, A battery management device characterized in that the second diagnostic module is configured to compare the status information measured by the measurement module with a third diagnostic criterion and operate when the measured status information deviates from the third diagnostic criterion.

12. In paragraph 1, A battery management device characterized in that the second diagnostic module is configured to block a charging operation or a discharging operation of the battery when the battery is diagnosed as abnormal.

13. In paragraph 1, A battery management device, characterized in that the second diagnostic module is configured to perform operations with priority over the first diagnostic module.

14. A battery pack comprising a battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A vehicle including a battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

16. A battery providing system including a battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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