High strength khorasan mortar mixture

Abstract

The invention relates to a new generation dry Khorasan mortar mixture with high strength performance developed for use in the restoration, repair and reinforcement of historical structures. The invention relates to a dry Khorasan mortar mixture applicable both as repair mortar and plaster mortar, which can be used in the repair and / or reinforcement of historical structures where the entry of a chemical material from the outside is not allowed.

Description

[0001] HIGH STRENGTH KHORASAN MORTAR MIXTURE

[0002] Field of the Invention

[0003] The invention relates to a new generation dry Khorasan mortar mixture with high strength performance developed for use in the restoration, repair and reinforcement of historical structures.

[0004] The invention particularly relates to a dry Khorasan mortar mixture applicable both as repair mortar and plaster mortar, which can be used in the repair and / or reinforcement of historical structures where the entry of a chemical material from the outside is not allowed.

[0005] State of the Art

[0006] Mortar and plaster repair in ancient works poses very serious problems today. In addition to the functional requirements in buildings - mortars and plasters, which are aesthetically and historically important, also play an important role in restoration works. The mortar commonly used in historical structures is khorasan mortar. Today, khorasan mortar is used as a restoration mortar in the repair and reinforcement works of historical structures. Our country has architecturally important historical buildings. Until very recently, there were cases where the historical building was damaged due to the lack of materials suitable for the building in the restoration processes of the historical buildings. For this reason, more care is now taken in the repair processes of historical buildings. Lime based binder material and brick chipping were most likely used in historical structures. Khorasan mortar was frequently preferred in the Ottoman period due to its superior aesthetic and durability performance compared to plain lime mortars. The quality of the materials used in restoration and repair processes is one of the most critical points to be considered in restoration works. For this reason, there are recent studies on the development of historical Khorasan mortar. White cement or cement-lime mixture is commonly used in the preparation of historical building restoration in Turkey due to limited resources of lime and very long application process. However, as emphasized before, such mortars cause various chemical destructions and incompatibility with the original wall in terms of physical and mechanical properties. With the increase in the variety of package products in the construction industry, the speed and quality of production are increasing day by day. However, today's construction industry focuses on cement and there is a significant deficiency in the presence and diversity of lime based package products frequently used in historical buildings. In the current technique, there are no ready-made packaged products that can accelerate the restoration processes in historical buildings produced with Khorasan mortar. For this reason, there is a need for high-performance packaged products to accelerate restoration processes and to be compatible with the material in historical buildings as desired.

[0007] The application CN109235803A, which was found as a result of a search of the literature, relates to the repair of a worn (abraded) structure of the cement mortar or mixed mortar wall of the outer wall of a building. In the said application, the cement mortar or composite mortar wall surface is partially repaired / filled, followed by a coating of the surface layer of the cement mortar or composite mortar wall. Here, the coating comprises a mineral color powder and acrylic urethane solution, an inorganic siloxane solution. However, the document does not specifically mention a khorasan mortar comprising brick chippings as aggregate in powder / dry form, alongside river sand or aquarium sand.

[0008] As a result due to the said disadvantages and the insufficiency of the current solutions regarding the subject matter, a development is required to be made in the relevant technical field.

[0009] Objective of the Invention

[0010] The object of the invention is to solve said disadvantages by being inspired from the current conditions.

[0011] The main object of the invention is to provide a new generation dry Khorasan mortar mixture with high strength performance, compatible with the material in the structures, to be used in the repair and reinforcement processes of historical structures.

[0012] The object of the invention is to provide a high performance package product that accelerates restoration processes in historical buildings constructed with khorasan mortar. An object of the invention to provide a product that prevents various chemical destructions caused by the mortars present in the art and the formation of incompatibility between the original structures and the mortar in terms of physical and mechanical properties.

[0013] Another object of the invention is to provide a product that can be applied as both repair mortar and plaster mortar by the addition of water.

[0014] In order to fulfill said objectives, the invention is a high strength dry Khorasan mortar mixture to be used in the restoration, repair and reinforcement of historical structures, comprises; brick chippings and river sand or aquarium sand as the aggregate mixture, binder material / s, pozzolana and fiber.

[0015] The structural and characteristic features and all advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood with the detailed description given below and therefore the evaluation should be made by taking this detailed description into consideration.

[0016] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0017] In this detailed description, the preferred embodiments of the powdered khorasan mortar mixture which is the subject matter of the invention are described only for a better understanding of the subject matter.

[0018] The invention relates to a high strength dry Khorasan mortar mixture to be used in the restoration, repair and reinforcement of historical structures. The said mixture comprises a mixture of brick chipping and river sand or aquarium sand as aggregate, binder material / s, pozzolana and fiber. Table 1 shows the mortar mixture recipes of the invention.

[0019] Table 1 Recipes of the dry Khorasan mortar mixture subject of the invention The dry Khorasan mortar mixture of the invention contains aggregate mixture and binder material to ensure the capture of the texture of historical structures; pozzolana to provide durability strength performance and fiber to provide crack prevention effect and durability performance. Here, the fiber is preferably a 3 mm long polypropylene fiber that performs optimally. It is used to prevent microcracks.

[0020] The Khorasan mortar mixture of the invention comprises 60-80% aggregate mixture by weight, 15-35% binder material / s by weight, 2-5% pozzolana by weight and 0-0.5% fiber by weight.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the Khorasan mortar mixture of the invention comprises 74.9% of Aggregate mixture by weight, 20% Binder material / s by weight, 5% pozzolana by weight and 0.1% fiber by weight.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the Khorasan mortar mixture of the invention, the aggregate mixture and the binder material are in a ratio of 1 :3 by weight.

[0023] In another preferred embodiment of the Khorasan mortar mixture of the invention, the aggregate mixture and binder material are in a ratio of 1 :2 by weight.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the mixture of the invention, the said aggregate mixture contains brick chipping in the range of 50-70% by weight and river sand in the range of 30-50% by weight.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the mixture of the invention, the said aggregate mixture contains brick chipping in the range of 50-70% by weight and aquarium sand in the range of 30-50% by weight.

[0026] The said aquarium sand is preferably, but not limited to, cream-colored silica sand.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the Khorasan mortar mixture of the invention comprises lime as the binder material.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the Khorasan mortar mixture of the invention comprises lime and metakaolin or brick dust or blast furnace slag as a binder material. In a preferred embodiment of the Khorasan mortar mixture of the invention, said binder material / s comprise lime and metakaolin in a ratio of 9:1 by weight.

[0029] In another preferred embodiment of the Khorasan mortar mixture of the invention, said binder material comprises lime and brick dust in a ratio of 8:2 by weight.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the mixture of the invention, the said binder material comprises lime and blast furnace slag in a ratio of 8:2 by weight.

[0031] Metakaolin is a byproduct obtained by calcining a natural clay mineral called kaolin at high temperatures (about 600-800<C). The calcinatio n process removes the crystalline water and organic substances in the structure of the kaolin mineral, causing the mineral to turn into an amorphous structure. Metakaolin has high reactivity, high temperature resistance, high strength properties and low porosity properties. It is also considered an environmentally friendly material as it is obtained as a by-product rather than consuming natural resources.

[0032] Blast furnace slag is a byproduct that is released during iron production in blast furnaces in iron-steel plants. The blast furnace slag is suddenly cooled to granulate and then ground. In an embodiment of the mixture of the invention, it is used to provide binding together with lime.

[0033] With our invention, Khorasan mortar mixture is provided as a ready packet to be used in the repair and reinforcement of historical structures and to accelerate the restoration process. As a result of the literature research, it is seen that the existing Khorasan mortar contains brick chipping and lime. Our invention, on the other hand, provides a high strength mixture that provides optimum performance by comprising different natural materials as well as brick chipping and lime content.

[0034] The most important factor that distinguishes the mortar mixture of the invention from the current art is that it does not contain any chemical additives. Architects, in particular, have great sensitivity in the repair and reinforcement processes of historical structures. It is emphasized that there were no chemical additives during the period when the historical building was built and that no chemical additives should be used in the reinforcement processes. In addition, the mixture of the invention can serve for its intended use. A more solid form can be obtained by adding lower amounts of water when it is desired to be used for mortar purposes. If it is desired to be used in the form of an injection that can penetrate through the cracks, it can be injected with the addition of higher water amounts. It is recommended to use the dry mortar mixture of the invention with 10-30% water by weight.

[0035] The application and analysis studies carried out with the dry Khorasan mortar mixture of the invention are given below:

[0036] Studies have been carried out to determine that the dry Khorasan mortar mixture subject to the invention is generally in a structure that will not impair the originality of historical structures, that it is compatible with the structure if used as a repair mortar and that it does not damage the structure. The materials / parameters used in the preliminary experiments are given in table 2-4. 9 different binder materials were prepared by using the products shown in Table 2 in different ratios. The products shown in the table as aggregates were used to prepare 4 different types of aggregates in varying ratios. A total of 144 mixtures were prepared using 2 different binder / sand ratios and 2 different water / total dry material ratios.

[0037] Some variables within the scope of the study are given in Table 3 and Table 4.

[0038] Table 2 Parameters examined within the scope of the study

[0039] Used Variables variables

[0040] Aggregate Brick Chipping River Sand Aquarium Sand

[0041] Blast

[0042] Binder Lime Metakaolin Brick Dust Furnace

[0043] Slag

[0044] Bmder / Sand 1:3 5.2.5 1 : 2.5-1 5 ratio

[0045] Water / Total material 0.18-0.22 0.22-0.28 mass Table 3 Materials used as aggregate and their ratios

[0046] Table 4 Materials used as binder and their ratios

[0047] The results of the study are given in Table 5 and Table 6. When the results are examined, it is seen that the mixtures obtained with the mixture of the invention are suitable for use in the repair and reinforcement of historical structures. As a result of the studies, it has been determined that there is a significant increase in performance compared to the exemplary products sold in the market (lime based repair mortar, not khorasan mortar). In addition, although no chemical water reducing additives were found in our study, it was determined that samples with higher compressive strength performance were produced in the desired processability.

[0048] Table 5 The spread and compressive strength values of the mixtures.

[0049] Table 6 The 28 day compressive strength results.

[0050] In addition, with our study, the mixtures prepared with ready-made lime based repair mortar products sold commercially were also examined, and the compressive strength results of the products available in this technique are shown in Table 7. The water / powder material ratio of the samples prepared with the powder mixture provided and the water / powder material ratio of the product of the invention were kept the same. When compared in terms of compressive strength, it has been determined that the product we have developed performs significantly better in terms of compressive strength.

[0051] Table 7 Compressive strength results of mixtures prepared with ready-made lime based repair mortar products sold commercially

[0052] According to the purpose to be applied in the restoration works with the invention, significant convenience can be provided by adding water to the dry khorasan mortar mixture of the invention. It is important in terms of restoration studies due to its suitability for the texture of the material used in the historical structure and its advantage in terms of mechanical and durability performance.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A high strength dry Khorasan mortar mixture to be used in the restoration, repair and reinforcement of historical structures, characterized by comprising; brick chipping and river sand or aquarium sand as the aggregate mixture, binder material / s, pozzolan and fiber.

2. The mortar mixture according to claim 1 , characterized by comprising; %60-80 Aggregate mixture, %15-35 Binder material / s, %2-5 pozzolan and %0-0.5 fiber by weight.

3. The mortar mixture according to claim 1 , characterized by comprising; the said aggregate mixture comprises brick chipping in the range of 50-70% by weight and river sand or aquarium sand in the range of 30-50% by weight.

4. The mortar mixture according to claim 1 , characterized by comprising; lime as said binder material.

5. The mortar mixture according to claim 1 , characterized by comprising; lime and metakaolin or brick dust or blast furnace slag as said binder material.

6. The mortar mixture according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that; the said binder material comprises lime and metakaolin at a ratio of 9:1 by weight.

7. The mortar mixture according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that; the said binder material comprises lime and brick dust at a ratio of 8:2 by weight.

8. Mortar mixture according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that; the said binder material comprises lime and blast furnace slag at a ratio of 8:2 by weight.

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