A system stopping the thermal propagation in batteries

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system (1) for controlling a motor (3) which allows the gas contained in the battery pack (2), to be discharged when thermal propagation and / or runaway occurs on battery packs (2).

Description

[0001] A SYSTEM STOPPING THE THERMAL PROPAGATION IN BATTERIES

[0002] Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to a system for controlling a motor which allows the gas contained in the battery pack, to be discharged when thermal propagation and / or runaway occurs on battery packs.

[0004] Background of the Invention

[0005] During the use of electric vehicles, thermal runaway occurs and then leads to thermal propagation due to overheating, overcharging / discharging, mechanical damage and / or internal defects on lithium-based batteries they have. The thermal propagation occurring on the said battery leads to a fire on the battery and due to the fact that the battery is manufactured on a chemical basis, it also causes the fire to spread rapidly and the vehicle to catch fire in a very short time. Therefore, it is crucial to detect thermal runaway and / or thermal propagation occurring on a battery and then to respond it early. In current applications, various systems which realize thermal insulation by means of a heat-insulated foam inserted between batter cells in order to stop or avoid thermal propagation and / or runaway on the battery, provide cooling on the battery and enable the current to the battery to be cut off are used. Although the said systems aim to avoid the thermal propagation and / or thermal runaway occurring in the battery pack, there is a need for more effective and different approaches than the current applications allowing to the battery to be protected.

[0006] Therefore, there is need for a system which allows to vacuum out the gas inside the battery pack from the environment and then discharged by enabling a jet motor - that is integrated into the battery- to operate when thermal propagation and / or thermal runaway is detected on the batter cells, to reduce the pressure on the batter cells, to prevent fire occurrence and to cool the environment, in the state of the art.

[0007] The invention disclosed in the United States patent document no. US2023163370A1, an application included in the state of the art, relates to a multicell battery which is used for mitigating a propagation of a multi-cell thermal runaway event in electric vehicles. The battery pack includes a cover operably coupled to a battery tray. The battery pack combined by placing battery cells, temperature control system, safety system and battery management system (BMS) inside the closed battery cell is mounted to the chassis and positioned adjacent to the cabin floor of the vehicle. The battery management system comprises a sensing circuitry configured to sense temperature, pressure, voltage, presence of smoke or liquid of a large number of battery cells. The sensing circuitry includes a voltage module and a temperature monitoring module in order to monitor the voltage and temperature levels of the battery cells. In order to avoid thermal events from occurring in the battery cells, the battery pack determines the onset of a thermal runaway event in any cell by monitoring the abnormal thermal characteristics of each cell. Sensor are used in order to monitor and control the internal heat generated due to the high rate of discharge. When the battery management system detects the onset of a thermal runaway event of a battery cell, it directs the flow of energy it receives from the battery to ensure that the cells are rapidly discharged. The control engine isolates the potential energy and enables the energy of battery cells to be rapidly discharged, when it senses load imbalances between cells by selectively controlling the electrical power to and from the battery cells. By means of the discharge process, a potential for a thermal runaway event experienced by a single cell to propagate to other battery cells is mitigated. Physical measures such as high temperature barricades can be taken in order to reduce the propagation of thermal runaway events. The barricades closely monitor the thermal behavior of each cell by limiting the heat transfer between adjacent cells and help to get the thermal runaways under control by rapidly discharging them when necessary. Thermal runaway events are avoided by performing energy management in electric vehicle battery packs and battery cells are enables to operate safely.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] An object of the present invention is to realize a system for controlling a motor which allows the gas contained in the battery pack, to be discharged when thermal propagation and / or runaway occurs on battery packs.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to realize a system for reducing the pressure that occurs on the cells by discharging the gas inside the battery during the occurrence of thermal propagation and / or runaway on a battery pack, preventing fire occurrence by removing the oxygen included in the battery from the environment, and cooling the battery pack.

[0011] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0012] “A System Stopping the Thermal Propagation in Batteries” realized to fulfil the objectives of the present invention is shown in the figures attached, in which:

[0013] Figure 1 is a general view of the components of the inventive system stopping the thermal propagation in batteries.

[0014] Figure 2 is a schematic drawing showing the components of the inventive system stopping the thermal propagation in batteries.

[0015] The components illustrated in the figures are individually numbered, where the numbers refer to the following:

[0016] 1. System

[0017] 2. Battery pack 3. Motor

[0018] 4. Battery management unit

[0019] The inventive system (1) for discharging the air included in the environment during the realization of thermal propagation and / or runaway comprises at least one battery pack (2) which comprises at least one cell for storing the energy required for the operation of electric vehicles, and / or using the stored energy; at least one motor (3) which enables the air, that is included in the battery pack (2), to be vacuumed and then discharged by being integrated onto the battery pack (2); and at least one battery management unit (4) which detects the thermal propagation and / or thermal runaway occurring during the operation of the cells located on the battery pack (2), establishes communication with the motor (3) when it detects thermal propagation and / or runaway, and enables the air, that is included in the battery pack (2), to be vacuumed and then discharged by enabling the motor (3) to operate through the communication established.

[0020] The battery pack (2) included in the inventive system (1) is an energy storage unit for storing electrical energy and / or using the stored electrical energy, in order to enable the operation of any electrically powered vehicle and / or device such as electric vehicle, electronic device, storage system and / or watercraft. The battery pack (2) consists of at least one cell used for enabling the electrical energy to be stored and at least one body for protecting the cell from the external environment. The battery pack (2) enables each cell, that is located in thereof in order to enable the electrical energy to be stored, to be connected in series and / or parallel.

[0021] The motor (3) included in the inventive system (1) is in communication with the battery management unit (4) and is configured to be controlled by the battery management unit (4) for its operation. The motor (3) is manufactured by being integrated into the battery pack (2) and it is ensured that the energy required for its operation is provided from the battery cells. The motor (3) operates by being triggered via the battery management unit (4) when the thermal propagation and / or runaway occurring in the battery pack (2) is detected by using the communication established with the battery management unit (4). The motor (3) is a jet motor for vacuuming the gas inside the battery pack (2) and then discharging it. The motor (3) enables the pressure on the battery cells to be reduced, the environment to be cooled and the flammable gas included in the environment to be discharged, by ensuring that the air inside the battery pack (2) is extracted in a pressurized way during its operation. Thereby, it is ensured that the flammable gas is removed from the environment by extracting the thermal propagation and / or runaway that occurs in the cells inside the battery pack (2), the pressure occurring during the thermal propagation and / or runaway of the cells is reduced and the cells are cooled.

[0022] The battery management unit (4) included in the inventive system (1) is configured to detect thermal propagation and / or runaway occurring in the battery pack (2). The battery management unit (4) is in communication with the motor (3) and configured to detect the operation of the motor (3). The battery management unit (4) enables the gas inside the battery pack (2) to be vacuumed and then discharged upon being extracted from the environment, by operating the motor (3) through the communication established with the motor (3) when it detects thermal propagation and / or thermal runaway on the battery pack (2).

[0023] Industrial Application of the Invention

[0024] The battery pack (2) included in the inventive system (1), ensures to store the energy required to operate any electrically powered vehicle, and / or enable the stored energy to be used by the vehicle and it consists of at least one cell used for enabling the electrical energy to be stored and at least one body for protecting the cell from the external environment. The motor (3) is placed on the battery pack (2) and it establishes communication with the battery management unit (4) and its operation is controlled by the battery management unit (4) through the communication established. The battery management unit (4) operates the motor (3) by establishing communication with the motor (3) when it detects thermal propagation and / or runaway inside the battery pack (2). The motor (3) operated by the battery management unit (4) enables the gas inside the battery pack (2) to be extracted from the environment, by being vacuumed and then to discharge the gas. Upon the gas inside the battery pack (2) is extracted from the environment, it is ensured that the pressure is reduced on the cells, the cells are cooled and the flammable gases are removed from the environment.

[0025] Within these basic concepts; it is possible to develop various embodiments of the inventive “A System (1) Stopping the Thermal Propagation in Batteries”; the invention cannot be limited to examples disclosed herein and it is essentially according to claims.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A system (1) for discharging the air included in the environment during the realization of thermal propagation and / or runaway; comprising at least one battery pack (2) which comprises at least one cell for storing the energy required for the operation of electric vehicles, and / or using the stored energy; and characterized by at least one motor (3) which enables the air, that is included in the battery pack (2), to be vacuumed and then discharged by being integrated onto the battery pack (2); and at least one battery management unit (4) which detects the thermal propagation and / or thermal runaway occurring during the operation of the cells located on the battery pack (2), establishes communication with the motor (3) when it detects thermal propagation and / or runaway, and enables the air, that is included in the battery pack (2), to be vacuumed and then discharged by enabling the motor (3) to operate through the communication established.

2. A system (1) according to Claim 1; characterized by the battery pack (2) which is an energy storage unit for storing electrical energy and / or using the stored electrical energy, in order to enable the operation of any electrically powered vehicle and / or device such as electric vehicle, electronic device, storage system and / or watercraft.

3. A system (1) according to Claim 1 or 2; characterized by the battery pack (2) which consists of at least one cell used for enabling the electrical energy to be stored and at least one body for protecting the cell from the external environment.

4. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the battery pack (2) which enables each cell, that is located in thereof in order to enable the electrical energy to be stored, to be connected in series and / or parallel.

5. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the motor (3) which is in communication with the battery management unit (4) and is configured to be controlled by the battery management unit (4) for its operation.

6. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the motor (3) which is manufactured by being integrated into the battery pack (2) and wherein it is ensured that the energy required for its operation is provided from the battery cells.

7. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the motor (3) which operates by being triggered via the battery management unit (4) when the thermal propagation and / or runaway occurring in the battery pack (2) is detected by using the communication established with the battery management unit (4).

8. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the motor (3) which is a jet motor for vacuuming the gas inside the battery pack (2) and then discharging it.

9. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the motor (3) which enables the pressure on the battery cells to be reduced, the environment to be cooled and the flammable gas included in the environment to be discharged, by ensuring that the air inside the battery pack (2) is extracted in a pressurized way during its operation.

10. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the battery management unit (4) which is configured to detect thermal propagation and / or runaway occurring in the battery pack (2).

11. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the battery management unit (4) which is in communication with the motor (3) and configured to detect the operation of the motor (3).

12. A system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims; characterized by the battery management unit (4) which enables the gas inside the battery pack (2) to be vacuumed and then discharged upon being extracted from the environment, by operating the motor (3) through the communication established with the motor (3) when it detects thermal propagation and / or thermal runaway on the battery pack (2).

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