Battery cell, battery, and electrical apparatus

Abstract

A battery cell (10), a battery (100), and an electrical apparatus. The electrical apparatus comprises the battery cell (10) or the battery (100); the battery (100) comprises the battery cell (10); the battery cell (10) comprises an electrode assembly (11), a casing assembly (12), a first pressure relief mechanism (16), an electrode terminal (13), an adapter piece (14), and a limiting structure (15); the casing assembly (12) is provided with a first component (121) and a second component (122) that are arranged opposite to each other; the electrode assembly (11) is arranged between the first component (121) and the second component (122), and the first component (121) and the electrode assembly (11) are spaced apart to form a first exhaust space (101); the first pressure relief mechanism (16) is arranged on the first component (121) and is communicated with the first exhaust space (101); the electrode terminal (13) is arranged on the second component (122); the adapter piece (14) is conductively connected to the electrode assembly (11) and the electrode terminal (13); the limiting structure (15) is connected to the second component (122) and is used for limiting the adapter piece (14) in a direction away from the first component (121). The adapter piece (14) is limited by the limiting structure (15) in the direction away from the first component (121), so that the problem that the electrode assembly (11) collapses towards the first component (121) can be mitigated, thereby improving the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell (10).

Description

Battery cells, batteries and electrical devices

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China on January 2, 2024, with application number 202420015233.8 and application name "Battery Cell, Battery and Electrical Device", the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0004] In related technologies, a battery cell typically includes a housing assembly and an electrode assembly disposed within the housing assembly. A vent space is typically formed between the housing assembly and the electrode assembly. When a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by the electrode assembly can flow through this vent space to a pressure relief mechanism, achieving targeted pressure relief.

[0005] In some cases, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the pressure generated by the thermal runaway can cause the electrode assembly to collapse toward the housing assembly, reducing or even blocking the vent space between the electrode assembly and the housing assembly. This makes it difficult for the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by the electrode assembly to flow through the vent space to the pressure relief mechanism, making it difficult for the pressure to be released in a targeted manner through the pressure relief mechanism, thus affecting the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device, which can improve the technical problem of poor directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell.

[0008] The technical solution adopted in the embodiment of this application is:

[0009] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, comprising:

[0010] A housing assembly includes a first component and a second component that are arranged opposite to each other;

[0011] The electrode assembly is disposed between the first component and the second component, and the first component and the electrode assembly are spaced apart to form a first exhaust space;

[0012] a first pressure relief mechanism, disposed on the first component and connected to the first exhaust space;

[0013] an electrode terminal disposed on the second component;

[0014] An adapter, conductively connected to the electrode assembly and the electrode terminal;

[0015] The limiting structure is connected to the second component and is used to limit the adapter in a direction away from the first component.

[0016] The battery cell provided in the embodiments of the present application is connected to the second component via a limiting structure, and the adapter is limited in a direction away from the first component. Under the limiting action of the limiting structure, the adapter is limited in a direction away from the first component. Furthermore, under the conductive connection between the adapter and the electrode assembly, the electrode assembly is limited in a direction away from the first component, thereby separating the electrode assembly from the first component. This can alleviate the problem of the electrode assembly collapsing toward the first component, reducing or even blocking the first exhaust space. This helps to allow high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated during thermal runaway of the battery cell to flow through the first exhaust space to the first pressure relief mechanism, allowing for directional pressure relief through the first pressure relief mechanism, thereby improving the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second component comprises:

[0018] a first wall disposed opposite to the first component;

[0019] The first insulating member is arranged between the first wall and the electrode assembly, and the adapter is arranged on a side of the first insulating member away from the first wall; the limiting structure is connected to the first wall and / or the first insulating member.

[0020] The limiting structure can be connected only to the first wall, only to the first insulating member, or to the first wall and the first insulating member, so that the setting of the limiting structure on the second component is very flexible and easy to implement.

[0021] In some embodiments, the limiting structure includes:

[0022] a first limiting member connected to the second member;

[0023] The second limiting component is connected to the first limiting component and is at least partially located on a side of the adapter component facing the first component to limit the adapter component.

[0024] By at least part of the second limiting member being located on the side of the adapter close to the first component, at least part of the second limiting member can be opposite to the adapter along the first direction, so that the second limiting member can abut against the adapter along the first direction away from the first component to limit the adapter.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first stopper and the second stopper are integrally connected;

[0026] Alternatively, the first limiting member and the second limiting member are detachably connected.

[0027] Such a configuration makes the limiting structure very simple to form and easy to implement. Alternatively, it facilitates the installation of the limiting structure on the second component and the limiting function of the limiting structure on the adapter, thereby facilitating the assembly of the battery cell.

[0028] In some embodiments, at least one limiting structure constitutes a group of limiting structures, and the group of limiting structures is used to limit one adapter; the sizes of the limiting structure and the adapter satisfy the following relationship:

[0029] 0.002<S1 / S2<0.4;

[0030] Among them, S1 is the projection area of ​​all second limiting members of a group of limiting structures projected onto the adapter along the first direction, and S2 is the projection area of ​​one adapter along the first direction; the first direction is parallel to the distribution direction of the first component and the second component.

[0031] On the one hand, the limiting structure can improve the strength of the adapter's position, thereby improving the problem of the electrode assembly collapsing toward the first component, thereby reducing or even blocking the first exhaust space. On the other hand, it can also create a larger exhaust space between the electrode assembly and the second component without being blocked by the limiting structure, which is beneficial to the flow of high-temperature and high-pressure gases generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell, thereby facilitating the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell and reducing the risk of battery cell explosion.

[0032] In some embodiments, 0.07<S1 / S2<0.3.

[0033] Such an arrangement facilitates improving the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell.

[0034] In some embodiments, the second limiting member is an insulating structure; or, both the first limiting member and the second limiting member are insulating structures.

[0035] Such an arrangement can improve the problem of conduction between the electrode assembly and the shell assembly caused by the arrangement of the limiting structure.

[0036] In some embodiments, the second component comprises:

[0037] a first wall disposed opposite to the first component;

[0038] A first insulating member is disposed between the first wall and the electrode assembly, and the adapter is disposed on a side of the first insulating member away from the first wall;

[0039] Among them, the first limiting member is plugged into the first insulating member and the first wall in sequence; or, the first limiting member is passed through the first insulating member or plugged into the first insulating member and connected to the first wall; or, the first limiting member is connected to the first insulating member; or, the first limiting member is plugged into the first insulating member.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection operation between the first limiting component and the second component is very flexible and easy to implement.

[0041] In some embodiments, the limiting structure includes a plurality of first limiting members spaced apart and distributed on the second component, and opposite ends of at least some of the second limiting members are respectively connected to corresponding first limiting members.

[0042] Such a configuration allows the opposite ends of the second limiting member to be fixed to the second component by the first limiting member, thereby increasing the limiting strength of the second limiting member on the adapter, and thus greatly improving the problem of the electrode assembly collapsing toward the first component and reducing or even blocking the first exhaust space, thereby facilitating the improvement of the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first limiting member includes a first connecting portion connected to the second component and a first hook portion arranged on the first connecting portion, and the second limiting member includes a second connecting portion and a second hook portion arranged on the second connecting portion, and the first hook portion and the second hook portion are engaged with each other to form the first limiting member and the second limiting member in the distribution direction of the first component and the second component.

[0044] In this way, the first limiting member and the second limiting member can be mutually engaged through the first hook and the second hook, so that the first limiting member and the second limiting member can be detachably connected, which facilitates the assembly of the limiting structure on the second component.

[0045] In some embodiments, the second component is provided with a groove, and at least a portion of the adapter is disposed in the groove; the limiting structure is disposed on the inner wall of the groove and limits the adapter in the groove.

[0046] By at least partially arranging the limiting structure on the inner wall of the groove, the limiting structure can abut against the side of the adapter facing the first component, so that the limiting structure can limit the adapter.

[0047] In some embodiments, the battery cell includes:

[0048] The first electrode terminal is an electrode terminal and is provided on the second component;

[0049] a second electrode terminal disposed on the first component or the second component;

[0050] The first adapter is a adapter and is conductively connected to the first electrode terminal and the electrode assembly;

[0051] a second adapter, conductively connected to the second electrode terminal and the electrode assembly;

[0052] The first limiting structure is a limiting structure connected to the second component and used for limiting the first adapter in a direction away from the first component.

[0053] Such an arrangement enables the two electrode terminals of the battery cell to be located at the same end or at two opposite ends.

[0054] In some embodiments, the second adapter is an adapter; the second electrode terminal is an electrode terminal, and is spaced apart from the first electrode terminal and disposed on the second component;

[0055] The battery cell further includes a second limiting structure, which is spaced apart from the first limiting structure and connected to the second component. The second limiting structure is a limiting structure and is used to limit the second adapter in a direction away from the first component.

[0056] In this way, the limiting strength of the limiting structure on the electrode assembly can be improved, thereby greatly improving the problem of the electrode assembly collapsing toward the first component and reducing or even blocking the first exhaust space, thereby improving the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell.

[0057] In some embodiments, the second electrode terminal is disposed on the first component, and the second component and the electrode assembly are spaced apart to form a second exhaust space; the second component is provided with a second pressure relief mechanism connected to the second exhaust space;

[0058] The battery cell further includes a third limiting structure connected to the first component and used for limiting the second adapter in a direction away from the second component.

[0059] The second adapter is limited to the first component by the third limiting structure, so that the electrode assembly can be driven away from the second component by the second adapter, thereby improving the problem that the second exhaust space is blocked by the electrode assembly, causing the directional pressure relief effect of the second pressure relief mechanism to be affected.

[0060] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery comprising a battery cell.

[0061] The battery provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the directional pressure relief effect of the battery by adopting the battery cells involved above, thereby improving the reliability of the battery.

[0062] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device including a battery cell or a battery.

[0063] The electrical device provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the reliability of the battery and thus improve the reliability of the electrical device by adopting the battery cells or batteries involved above.

[0064] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or exemplary technical descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0066] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a vehicle provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0067] FIG2 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0068] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0069] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG3 ;

[0070] FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0071] FIG6 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided in some embodiments of the present application;

[0072] FIG7 is an enlarged view of point B in FIG6;

[0073] FIG8 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell provided by some embodiments of the present application;

[0074] FIG9 is an exploded schematic diagram of FIG8 ;

[0075] FIG10 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0076] FIG11 is an enlarged view of point C in FIG10 ;

[0077] FIG12 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in some other embodiments of the present application;

[0078] FIG13 is an enlarged view of point D in FIG12;

[0079] FIG14 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell provided in some further embodiments of the present application;

[0080] FIG15 is an enlarged view of point E in FIG14 ;

[0081] FIG16 is a schematic projection diagram of an adapter and a corresponding second limiting member shown in FIG8 .

[0082] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are:

[0083] 1000-vehicle; 100-battery; 200-controller; 300-motor; 10-battery cell; 20-housing; 201-accommodation space; 21-first part; 22-second part; 101-first exhaust space; 102-second exhaust space; 11-electrode assembly; 12-housing assembly; 1201-slot; 1202-groove; 121-first component; 1211-second wall; 1212-second insulating member; 122-second component; 1221-first wall; 1222-first insulating member; 1 3-electrode terminal; 13a-first electrode terminal; 13b-second electrode terminal; 14-adapter; 14a-first adaptor; 14b-second adaptor; 15-limiting structure; 15a-first limiting structure; 15b-second limiting structure; 151-first limiting member; 1511-first connecting portion; 1512-first hook; 152-second limiting member; 1521-second connecting portion; 1522-second hook; 16-first pressure relief mechanism; 17-second pressure relief mechanism; Z-first direction; Y-second direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0084] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0085] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0086] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or to implicitly indicate the quantity of the technical features indicated. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0087] In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means more than two, and unless otherwise specifically defined, "more than two" includes two. Accordingly, "a plurality of groups" means more than two groups, including two groups.

[0088] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "installed," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0089] In the description of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists. In addition, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0090] Although the present application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and components may be substituted with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present application. In particular, the various technical features described in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there are no structural conflicts. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions within the scope of the claims.

[0091] In related art, a battery cell typically includes a housing assembly and an electrode assembly disposed within the housing assembly. The housing assembly is equipped with a pressure relief mechanism, and a vent space connected to the pressure relief mechanism is typically formed between the housing assembly and the electrode assembly. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by the electrode assembly can flow through this vent space to the pressure relief mechanism, achieving targeted pressure relief.

[0092] In some cases, when a battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the pressure generated by this thermal runaway can cause the electrode assembly to collapse toward the housing assembly, reducing or even blocking the vent space between the electrode and housing assemblies. This makes it difficult for the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by the electrode assembly to flow through the vent space to the pressure relief mechanism, hindering targeted pressure relief through the pressure relief mechanism. This compromises the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell and can easily cause the cell to explode.

[0093] For example, in some examples, an insulating spacer is provided between the bottom wall of the shell assembly and the electrode assembly, and the insulating spacer supports the electrode assembly so that the above-mentioned exhaust space is formed between the bottom wall of the shell assembly and the electrode assembly. In addition, a pressure relief mechanism is provided on the bottom wall of the shell assembly. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell, the insulating spacer is easily melted under the action of high temperature and loses its mechanical properties, thereby losing its supporting effect on the electrode assembly. Under the high pressure of thermal runaway and the gravity of the electrode assembly, the electrode assembly will collapse downward, thereby reducing or even blocking the exhaust space. In this way, it is difficult for the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the electrode assembly to flow through the exhaust space to the pressure relief mechanism, making it difficult to directionally relieve pressure through the pressure relief mechanism, affecting the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell.

[0094] Based on the above considerations, the embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device, which are connected to a second component via a limiting structure and limit the adapter in a direction away from the first component, so that under the limiting action of the limiting structure, the adapter is limited in a direction away from the first component, and further, under the conductive connection between the adapter and the electrode assembly, the electrode assembly is limited in a direction away from the first component, thus making the electrode assembly away from the first component. In this way, the problem of the electrode assembly collapsing toward the first component and reducing or even blocking the first exhaust space can be improved, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated during thermal runaway of the battery cell can be facilitated to flow through the first exhaust space to the first pressure relief mechanism for directionally relieved pressure through the first pressure relief mechanism, thereby improving the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell.

[0095] In some embodiments, the battery cells and batteries involved in the embodiments of the present application can be used in electrical devices that use the battery cells or batteries as a power source.

[0096] The electrical devices involved in the embodiments of the present application may be, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, electric tools, battery cars, vehicles, ships, spacecraft, and the like. Among them, electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric ship toys, and electric airplane toys, and the like. Spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, and spacecraft, and the like. According to the power source, vehicles may be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles, or new energy vehicles. New energy vehicles may be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, or extended-range vehicles, and the like. According to the drive mode, vehicles may be front-wheel drive vehicles, rear-wheel drive vehicles, or four-wheel drive vehicles.

[0097] In other embodiments, the battery cells and batteries involved in the embodiments of the present application may also be used in energy storage devices, such as energy storage containers, energy storage cabinets, and the like.

[0098] The battery involved in the embodiments of the present application can be a single physical module comprising one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. When there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are connected in series, parallel, or in hybrid mode through a busbar. Hybrid mode refers to the multiple battery cells being connected in both series and parallel mode.

[0099] In some embodiments, the battery may be a battery module. When multiple battery cells are present, the multiple battery cells are arranged and secured to form a battery module. For example, the multiple battery cells may be secured to form a battery module using cable ties or other similar means. For example, the multiple battery cells may also be secured to form a battery module using end plates, side plates, or other similar means.

[0100] In other embodiments, the battery may be a battery pack, which may include a housing and battery cells. As an example, the battery cells may be directly housed in the housing. As an example, the battery cells may be first formed into a battery module and then housed in the housing.

[0101] The battery cells referred to in the embodiments of this application are the smallest units that store and output electrical energy. These cells can be secondary batteries or primary batteries. They can be, but are not limited to, metal batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, sodium-ion batteries, or magnesium-ion batteries. They can be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or other shapes.

[0102] For ease of description, the embodiments of the present application are described using a vehicle as an example of an electrical device.

[0103] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG1 , which is a schematic diagram of a vehicle 1000 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The interior of the vehicle 1000 is provided with the above-mentioned battery 100, and the battery 100 can be provided at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle 1000. For example, the battery 100 can serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigating, and operating power requirements of the vehicle 1000 during driving.

[0104] In some embodiments, the battery 100 can serve not only as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but also as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .

[0105] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2, which is an exploded view of a battery 100 provided in some embodiments of the present application. The battery 100 includes a housing 20 and a plurality of battery cells 10. The housing 20 has a structure with a storage space 201 therein and can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the housing 20 can include a first portion 21 and a second portion 22, which overlap each other and together define the storage space 201.

[0106] The first portion 21 may be a hollow structure with an opening at one end, and the second portion 22 may be a plate-like structure. The second portion 22 covers the open side of the first portion 21, so that the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 jointly define the aforementioned accommodation space 201. Alternatively, referring to FIG. 2 , the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 may both be hollow structures with an opening at one end, with the open side of the first portion 21 covering the open side of the second portion 22, so that the first portion 21 and the second portion 22 jointly define the aforementioned accommodation space 201.

[0107] The box body 20 composed of the first part 21 and the second part 22 can be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, etc.

[0108] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 2 , multiple battery cells 10 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells 10 may be directly accommodated in the aforementioned accommodation space 201 of the housing 20. In other embodiments, multiple battery cells 10 may also be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection first, and then arranged and fixed to form a battery module, and the battery module may be accommodated in the aforementioned accommodation space 201 of the housing 20. In still other embodiments, multiple battery cells 10 may also be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection first, and then arranged and fixed to form multiple battery modules, and then the multiple battery modules may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed connection to form a whole, and then accommodated in the aforementioned accommodation space 201 of the housing 20.

[0109] In some embodiments, the housing 20 of the battery 100 may serve as part of the chassis structure of the vehicle 1000. For example, a portion of the housing 20 may form at least a portion of the chassis of the vehicle 1000, or a portion of the housing 20 may form at least a portion of a cross member or a longitudinal member of the vehicle 1000.

[0110] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 3 to 5. Figure 3 is a top view of a battery cell 10 provided in some embodiments of the present application. Specifically, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell 10 provided in some embodiments of the present application from the perspective of a first direction ZZ referred to below. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view along line AA of Figure 3. Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell 10 provided in other embodiments of the present application. The battery cell 10 may include an electrode assembly 11 and a housing assembly 12.

[0111] The electrode assembly 11 is a component in the battery cell 10 where electrochemical reactions occur. The electrode assembly 11 is primarily formed by winding or stacking a positive electrode sheet and a negative electrode sheet, with a separator provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet. The portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet containing active materials constitute the main body of the electrode assembly 11, while the portions of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without active materials each constitute a tab. The tab of the positive electrode sheet is the positive tab, and the tab of the negative electrode sheet is the negative tab. The positive tab and the negative tab can be located together at one end of the main body or at opposite ends of the main body.

[0112] In the battery cell 10 , the number of the electrode assembly 11 may be one or more.

[0113] In some cases, the electrode assembly 11 may also be referred to as a bare cell, a wound body, a laminated body, etc.

[0114] In some embodiments, the battery cell 10 may further include an electrolyte, which functions to conduct ions between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The electrolyte in the embodiments of the present application may be in liquid, gel, or solid form.

[0115] The housing assembly 12 is an assembly for defining an internal environment of the battery cell 10 .

[0116] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 3 to 5 together. The shell assembly 12 may include a shell and an end cover. The shell and the end cover are components for jointly defining the internal environment of the battery cell 10. The internal environment defined by the shell and the end cover is used to accommodate the electrode assembly 11 and the electrolyte. The shell and the end cover may be independent components. Specifically, the shell has an opening, and the end cover is provided at the opening of the shell to jointly define the internal environment of the battery cell 10 with the shell, and to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 10 from the external environment. Alternatively, the shell and the end cover may be an integrated structure. Specifically, a common connection surface may be formed between the end cover and the shell before the electrode assembly 11 is placed in the shell. After the electrode assembly 11 is placed in the shell, when the electrode assembly 11 needs to be encapsulated, the end cover is closed with the shell.

[0117] 3 and 4 , there may be one end cap. Alternatively, as shown in FIG5 , there may be two end caps, which are respectively provided at opposite ends of the housing.

[0118] The shell may be cylindrical, square, or other shapes, depending on the shape and size of the electrode assembly 11. Furthermore, the shell and end caps may be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or plastic.

[0119] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 3 to 5 , the battery cell 10 may further include an electrode terminal 13. The electrode terminal 13 is a conductive component that serves as a current transmission end of the battery cell 10 for transmitting current. The electrode terminal 13 may be, but is not limited to, a terminal post.

[0120] The electrode terminal 13 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 11. Specifically, the electrode terminal 13 is electrically connected to the tab of the electrode assembly 11. The electrode terminal 13 can be directly electrically connected to the tab by welding, bonding, or other methods. Alternatively, an adapter 14 can be provided between the electrode terminal 13 and the tab to facilitate current flow, thereby indirectly achieving electrical connection between the electrode terminal 13 and the tab.

[0121] The adapter 14 refers to a metal structure with conductive properties, such as but not limited to a copper busbar.

[0122] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 3 to 5 together. There are two electrode terminals 13, which are a positive electrode terminal 13 and a negative electrode terminal 13. The positive electrode terminal 13 is conductively connected to the positive electrode tab of the electrode assembly 11, and the negative electrode terminal 13 is conductively connected to the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 11.

[0123] In some embodiments, the electrode terminal 13 is disposed on the housing assembly 12. Specifically, the electrode terminal 13 can be disposed on the housing of the housing assembly 12, or on the end cap of the housing assembly 12, as shown in Figures 3 to 5. The positive electrode terminal 13 and the negative electrode terminal 13 can be disposed on the housing at the same time; or, as shown in Figures 3 to 5, the positive electrode terminal 13 and the negative electrode terminal 13 can be disposed on the end cap at the same time; or, one of the positive electrode terminal 13 and the negative electrode terminal 13 can be disposed on the housing, and the other on the end cap.

[0124] 3 and 4 , the positive electrode terminal 13 and the negative electrode terminal 13 may be disposed at the same end of the housing assembly 12. Alternatively, as shown in FIG5 , the positive electrode terminal 13 and the negative electrode terminal 13 may be disposed at opposite ends of the housing assembly 12.

[0125] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 3 to 5 , the housing assembly 12 may further include a lower plastic member disposed within the interior environment defined by the housing and the end caps. The lower plastic member is a plastic component primarily used to provide insulation within the interior environment of the battery cell 10 .

[0126] As shown in Figures 3 to 5, the lower plastic is disposed between the end cap and the electrode assembly 11 to provide insulation between the end cap and the electrode assembly 11; the lower plastic is also disposed between the end cap and the adapter 14 to provide insulation between the end cap and the adapter 14. Alternatively, the lower plastic is disposed between the housing and the electrode assembly 11 to provide insulation between the housing and the electrode assembly 11; the lower plastic is also disposed between the housing and the adapter 14 to provide insulation between the housing and the adapter 14.

[0127] Among them, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, when the positive electrode terminal 13 and the negative electrode terminal 13 are arranged at the same end of the shell assembly 12, the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 11 are located at the same end of the electrode assembly 11, and one end of the electrode assembly 11 is provided with an adapter 14 and a lower plastic. Specifically, the end of the electrode assembly 11 having the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab is provided with a lower plastic. As shown in Figure 5, when the positive electrode terminal 13 and the negative electrode terminal 13 can be separately provided at opposite ends of the shell assembly 12, the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 11 are respectively located at opposite ends of the electrode assembly 11, and the adapter 14 and the lower plastic are provided at both opposite ends of the electrode assembly 11. Specifically, the end of the electrode assembly 11 having the positive electrode tab and the end of the electrode assembly 11 having the negative electrode tab can be provided with a lower plastic.

[0128] Please refer to Figures 4 to 7 in conjunction with the other accompanying drawings. Figure 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery cell 10 provided in some embodiments of the present application, and Figure 7 is an enlarged view of point B in Figure 6. The battery cell 10 provided in embodiments of the present application includes an electrode assembly 11, a housing assembly 12, an electrode terminal 13, an adapter 14, a first pressure relief mechanism 16, and a retaining structure 15. The electrode assembly 11 and the adapter 14 are both disposed within the housing assembly 12. The housing assembly 12 includes a first component 121 and a second component 122 disposed opposite each other. The electrode assembly 11 is disposed between the first component 121 and the second component 122, and the first component 121 and the electrode assembly 11 are separated to form a first exhaust space 101. The first pressure relief mechanism 16 is disposed on the first component 121 and is connected to the first exhaust space 101. The electrode terminal 13 is disposed on the second component 122, and the adapter 14 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 11 and the electrode terminal 13. The limiting structure 15 is connected to the second component 122 and is used to limit the adapter 14 in a direction away from the first component 121 .

[0129] The first component 121 and the second component 122 are respectively two parts of the housing assembly 12. As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the first component 121 and the second component 122 are disposed at opposite ends of the housing assembly 12 along a first direction Z. That is, the first component 121 and the second component 122 are disposed opposite each other along the first direction Z. In the first direction Z, the electrode assembly 11 is located between the first component 121 and the second component 122. The first direction Z is the distribution direction of the first component 121 and the second component 122 and is parallel to the Z axis shown in Figures 4 and 5. In some cases, the first direction Z can be the length direction or height direction of the battery cell 10.

[0130] The first component 121 may include a second wall 1211, as shown in FIG4 ; the first component 121 may also include the second wall 1211 and a second insulating member 1212 disposed on a side of the second wall 1211 close to the electrode assembly 11, as shown in FIG5 . The second wall 1211 is a solid wall of the shell assembly 12. The second wall 1211 may be one of the solid walls of the shell of the shell assembly 12, as shown in FIG4 ; the second wall 1211 may also be an end cap of the shell assembly 12, as shown in FIG5 . The second insulating member 1212 refers to a component with insulating properties, which may be, but is not limited to, lower plastic. The second insulating member 1212 may be disposed between the second wall 1211 and the electrode assembly 11 to achieve insulation between the second wall 1211 and the electrode assembly 11. The second insulating member 1212 may also be disposed between the second wall 1211 and the adapter 14 to achieve insulation between the adapter 14 and the second wall 1211.

[0131] The second component 122 may include a first wall 1221 and a first insulating member 1222, as shown in Figures 4 to 7. Alternatively, the second component 122 may include only the first wall 1221. The definitions of the first wall 1221 and the first insulating member 1222 will be explained in the corresponding sections below and will not be repeated here.

[0132] The first exhaust space 101 is a space formed between the first component 121 and the electrode assembly 11 and is mainly used for gas exhaust. Specifically, the first component 121 and the electrode assembly 11 are spaced apart along the first direction Z to form the first exhaust space 101.

[0133] The first pressure relief mechanism 16 is a pressure relief mechanism that can release the internal pressure of the battery cell 10 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 10 reaches a threshold value. For example, when the battery cell 10 is operating normally, the gas pressure inside the battery cell 10 is less than the opening pressure value of the pressure relief mechanism, the pressure relief mechanism is in a closed state, and the gas inside the battery cell 10 is not connected to the gas outside. When the battery cell 10 experiences thermal runaway due to internal and external factors such as overcharge, over-discharge, overheating, and mechanical collision, a large amount of high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated inside the battery cell 10, causing the pressure inside the battery cell 10 to exceed the opening pressure value of the pressure relief mechanism. The pressure relief mechanism then switches from a closed state to an open state, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the battery cell 10 can be discharged to the outside of the battery cell 10 through the pressure relief mechanism.

[0134] As shown in FIG4 , when the first component 121 includes the second wall 1211, the first pressure relief mechanism 16 is disposed on the second wall 1211. When the first component 121 includes the second wall 1211 and the second insulating member 1212, the first pressure relief mechanism 16 can be disposed on the second wall 1211, as shown in FIG5 ; the first pressure relief mechanism 16 can also be disposed on both the second wall 1211 and the second insulating member 1212.

[0135] Taking the first pressure relief mechanism 16 disposed on the second wall 1211 as an example, as shown in Figure 4 , the first pressure relief mechanism 16 can be a weak structure disposed on the second wall 1211; alternatively, the first pressure relief mechanism 16 can be a pressure valve, etc. When the first pressure relief mechanism 16 is a weak structure, the structural strength of the first pressure relief mechanism 16 is lower than the structural strength of the end cap and other locations of the housing. In this way, if thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 10, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the battery cell 10 can break through the first pressure relief mechanism 16 and be released outside the battery cell 10.

[0136] As an example, the first pressure relief mechanism 16 can be integrally formed with the second wall 1211. For example, the first pressure relief mechanism 16 is a notch provided on the second wall 1211. As another example, the first pressure relief mechanism 16 can also be provided separately from the second wall 1211 and connected thereto.

[0137] The first exhaust space 101 is connected to the first pressure relief mechanism 16, meaning that the gas within the first exhaust space 101 can flow to the first pressure relief mechanism 16. As an example, as shown in Figure 4, the first pressure relief mechanism 16 is exposed to the first exhaust space 101. This allows the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 to flow through the first exhaust space 101 to the first pressure relief mechanism 16, where it is released and pressure is released in a targeted manner, thereby improving the reliability of the battery 100.

[0138] The adapter 14 is conductively connected to the electrode assembly 11 and the electrode terminal 13, which means that the adapter 14 is conductively connected to the electrode terminal 13, and the adapter 14 is conductively connected to the electrode assembly 11. The adapter 14 is conductively connected to the electrode terminal 13, which means that the adapter 14 is connected to the electrode terminal 13, and the adapter 14 and the electrode terminal 13 are electrically conductive. The adapter 14 is conductively connected to the electrode assembly 11, which means that the adapter 14 is connected to the electrode assembly 11, and the adapter 14 and the electrode assembly 11 are electrically conductive. Based on this, the adapter 14 can achieve overcurrent between the electrode assembly 11 and the electrode terminal 13. Among them, the above-mentioned conductive connection method may include but is not limited to one or more of welding, bonding, etc. Welding may include but is not limited to one or more of laser welding, ultrasonic welding, penetration welding, etc. Among them, the adapter 14 is conductively connected to the electrode assembly 11, specifically, the adapter 14 is conductively connected to the tab of the electrode assembly 11.

[0139] The electrode terminal 13 involved in the embodiment of the present application can be a positive electrode terminal 13 or a negative electrode terminal 13. When the electrode terminal 13 is a positive electrode terminal 13, the adapter 14 is conductively connected to the positive electrode terminal 13 and the positive electrode tab of the electrode assembly 11. When the electrode terminal 13 is a negative electrode terminal 13, the adapter 14 is conductively connected to the negative electrode terminal 13 and the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 11. When there are two electrode terminals 13, the two electrode terminals 13 can be a positive electrode terminal 13 and a negative electrode terminal 13, respectively.

[0140] When the second component 122 includes only the first wall 1221 described below, the electrode terminal 13 is provided on the second component 122, which means that the electrode terminal 13 is provided on the first wall 1221. When the second component 122 includes the first wall 1221 and the first insulating member 1222 described below, as shown in Figures 4 to 7, the electrode terminal 13 is provided on the second component 122, which means that the electrode terminal 13 is provided on the first wall 1221, or the electrode terminal 13 is provided on the first insulating member 1222, or the electrode terminal 13 is provided on the first wall 1221 and the first insulating member 1222.

[0141] The limiting structure 15 refers to a structure used to limit the electrode assembly 11 .

[0142] The limiting structure 15 is connected to the second component 122. Specifically, the limiting structure 15 can be connected to any component of the second component 122. Specifically, when the second component 122 includes only the first wall 1221 described below, the limiting structure 15 can be connected to the first wall 1221. When the second component 122 includes the first wall 1221 and the first insulating member 1222 described below, as shown in Figures 4 to 7, the limiting structure 15 can be connected to the first wall 1221, the first insulating member 1222, or both the first wall 1221 and the first insulating member 1222.

[0143] The limiting structure 15 is used to limit the adapter 14 in the direction away from the first component 121, which means that the limiting structure 15 is used to limit the adapter 14 in the direction away from the first component 121 along the first direction Z. The limiting structure 15 can be connected to the adapter 14, so that the adapter 14 is limited in the direction away from the first component 121 under the connection action of the limiting structure 15, thereby driving the electrode assembly 11 to be limited in the direction away from the first component 121; alternatively, the limiting structure 15 can be at least partially located on the side of the adapter 14 facing the first component 121, so that the adapter 14 can abut against the limiting structure 15 to be limited in the direction away from the first component 121, thereby limiting the electrode assembly 11 in the direction away from the first component 121.

[0144] The battery cell 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is connected to the second component 122 via a retaining structure 15, and the adapter 14 is positioned away from the first component 121. Under the retaining action of the retaining structure 15, the adapter 14 can be retained in a direction away from the first component 121. This, in turn, allows the electrode assembly 11 to be retained in a direction away from the first component 121 when the electrode assembly 11 and the adapter 14 are in electrical contact, thereby positioning the electrode assembly 11 away from the first component 121. This alleviates the problem of the electrode assembly 11 collapsing toward the first component 121, thereby reducing or even blocking the first vent space 101. This improves the venting performance of the first vent space 101, facilitating the flow of high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated during thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 through the first vent space 101 to the first pressure relief mechanism 16 for targeted pressure relief. Consequently, the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell 10 is enhanced, thereby improving the reliability of the battery 100.

[0145] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 7 in conjunction with other figures. The second component 122 includes a first wall 1221 and a first insulating member 1222. The first wall 1221 is disposed opposite the first component 121. The first insulating member 1222 is disposed between the first wall 1221 and the electrode assembly 11. The adapter 14 is disposed on a side of the first insulating member 1222 away from the first wall 1221.

[0146] The first wall 1221 is a solid wall of the housing assembly 12. The first wall 1221 can be an end cap, as shown in Figures 4 to 7 ; it can also be a solid wall of the housing. The first wall 1221 and the first component 121 are disposed opposite each other along the first direction Z.

[0147] The first insulating member 1222 is an insulating component and may be, but is not limited to, a lower plastic. The first insulating member 1222 is disposed between the first wall 1221 and the electrode assembly 11 to provide insulation between the first wall 1221 and the electrode assembly 11. The adapter 14 is disposed on a side of the first insulating member 1222 away from the first wall 1221, such that the first insulating member 1222 is also disposed between the first wall 1221 and the adapter 14 to provide insulation between the first wall 1221 and the adapter 14.

[0148] In some possible designs, as shown in Figures 12 and 13 , the retaining structure 15 is connected only to the first wall 1221. Alternatively, in other possible designs, as shown in Figures 10 , 11 , 14 , and 15 , the retaining structure 15 is connected only to the first insulating member 1222. Alternatively, in still other possible designs, as shown in Figures 8 and 9 , the retaining structure 15 is connected to both the first wall 1221 and the first insulating member 1222. In this manner, the retaining structure 15 retains the adapter 14 on the first insulating member 1222 in a direction away from the first component 121.

[0149] Figure 8 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell 10 provided in some embodiments of the present application, and Figure 9 is an exploded schematic diagram of Figure 8. Figure 10 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell 10 provided in other embodiments of the present application, and Figure 11 is an enlarged view of point C in Figure 10. Figure 12 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell 10 provided in still other embodiments of the present application, and Figure 13 is an enlarged view of point D in Figure 12. Figure 14 is a partial schematic diagram of a battery cell 10 provided in still other embodiments of the present application, and Figure 15 is an enlarged view of point E in Figure 14.

[0150] The limiting structure 15 can be connected only to the first wall 1221, only to the first insulating member 1222, or to the first wall 1221 and the first insulating member 1222, so that the setting of the limiting structure 15 on the second member 122 is very flexible and easy to implement.

[0151] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 7 to 13 in conjunction with other figures. The limiting structure 15 includes a first limiting member 151 and a second limiting member 152. The first limiting member 151 is connected to the second component 122, and the second limiting member 152 is connected to the first limiting member 151. At least a portion of the second limiting member 152 is located on the side of the adapter 14 facing the first component 121 to limit the adapter 14.

[0152] The first limiting member 151 and the second limiting member 152 are respectively two parts of the limiting structure 15 .

[0153] The first limiting member 151 is a portion of the limiting structure 15 for connecting to the second component 122. Specifically, the first limiting member 151 may be connected only to the first wall 1221, only to the first insulating member 1222, or to both the first wall 1221 and the first insulating member 1222.

[0154] Among them, the second limiting member 152 is the portion of the limiting structure 15 that is mainly used to limit the adapter 14. Specifically, at least a portion of the second limiting member 152 is located on the side of the adapter 14 close to the first component 121, that is, at least a portion of the second limiting member 152 is located on the side of the adapter 14 away from the second component 122, so that the adapter 14 can abut against the second limiting member 152 toward the first component 121, and thus cannot continue to move toward the first component 121 under the limitation of the second limiting member 152. In this way, the adapter 14 can be limited in the direction away from the first component 121, thereby achieving the limitation of the electrode assembly 11, thereby improving the problem of the electrode assembly 11 collapsing toward the first component 121 and reducing or even blocking the first exhaust space 101, thereby improving the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell 10.

[0155] In which, at least a portion of the second limiting member 152 is located on the side of the adapter 14 close to the first component 121, so that at least a portion of the second limiting member 152 can be opposite to the adapter 14 along the first direction Z, so that the second limiting member 152 can be away from the first component 121 along the first direction Z and abut against the adapter 14, thereby limiting the adapter 14.

[0156] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the limiting structure 15 is an insulating structure to improve the problem of conduction between the electrode assembly 11 and the shell assembly 12 caused by the setting of the limiting structure 15 .

[0157] As an example, the second limiting member 152 of the limiting structure 15 is an insulating structure. As another example, the first limiting member 151 and the second limiting member 152 of the limiting structure 15 are both insulating structures.

[0158] In some embodiments, please refer to FIG. 7 to FIG. 11 in conjunction with other drawings. The first limiting member 151 and the second limiting member 152 are integrally connected.

[0159] When both the first limiting member 151 and the second limiting member 152 are plastic members, the first limiting member 151 and the second limiting member 152 can be integrally connected by injection molding.

[0160] Such an arrangement makes the forming method of the limiting structure 15 very simple and easy to implement.

[0161] Alternatively, in some other embodiments, please refer to FIG12 and FIG13 together, and in combination with other drawings, the first limiting member 151 and the second limiting member 152 are detachably connected.

[0162] With this arrangement, after the adapter 14 is mounted to the first insulating member 1222, the second position-limiting member 152 can be connected to the first position-limiting member 151, so that at least a portion of the second position-limiting member 152 can be located on the side of the adapter 14 away from the second component 122, thereby limiting the position of the adapter 14. This facilitates the installation of the position-limiting structure 15 on the second component 122, facilitates the position-limiting function of the position-limiting structure 15 on the adapter 14, and further facilitates the assembly of the battery cell 10.

[0163] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 8 to 16 in conjunction with other figures. Figure 16 is a schematic projection diagram of an adapter 14 and a second limiting member 152 in Figure 8 along the first direction Z. At least one limiting structure 15 constitutes a group of limiting structures 15, and a group of limiting structures 15 is used to limit one adapter 14. The dimensions of the limiting structure 15 and the adapter 14 satisfy the following relationship: 0.002<S1 / S2<0.4;

[0164] S1 is the projected area of ​​all second limiting members 152 of a group of limiting structures 15 projected onto the adapter 14 along the first direction Z, and S2 is the projected area of ​​one adapter 14 along the first direction Z. The first direction Z is parallel to the distribution direction of the first component 121 and the second component 122.

[0165] It can be understood that a group of limiting structures 15 can include one limiting structure 15, that is, one adapter 14 is limited by one limiting structure 15; a group of limiting structures 15 can also include multiple limiting structures 15, so that one adapter 14 is limited by a group of multiple limiting structures 15. As an example, as shown in Figures 8, 9, 12, 13, 14 and 15, a group of limiting structures 15 includes one limiting structure 15, that is, one adapter 14 is limited by one limiting structure 15. As another example, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, a group of limiting structures 15 includes multiple limiting structures 15, that is, one adapter 14 is limited by multiple limiting structures 15.

[0166] As an example, as shown in Figures 8 and 16, Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the projection of one adapter 14 and the corresponding second position-limiting member 152 shown in Figure 8 along the first direction Z. The shaded area indicated by S1 is the projection area of ​​all second position-limiting members 152 of a group of position-limiting structures 15 projected onto the adapter 14 along the first direction Z, with an area of ​​S1. The shaded area indicated by S2 is the projection area of ​​one adapter 14 along the first direction Z, with an area of ​​S2, including the area overlapping with the shaded area indicated by S1.

[0167] The area of ​​the projection of the second position-limiting member 152 onto the adapter 14 along the first direction Z refers to the area of ​​a portion of the second position-limiting member 152 that is opposite to the adapter 14 along the first direction Z.

[0168] S1 / S2 can be 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02, 0.025, 0.03, 0.035, 0.04, 0.045, 0.05, 0.055, 0.06, 0.065, 0.07, 0.08, 0.09, 0.1, 0.12, 0.15, 0.18, 0.2, 0.22, 0.25, 0.28, 0.3, 0.32, 0.35, 0.38, etc.

[0169] By adopting the above technical solution, on the one hand, the portion of all second limiting members 152 of a set of limiting structures 15 that is opposite to the adapter 14 along the first direction Z has a larger area, thereby improving the limiting strength of the limiting structure 15 on the adapter 14. This can further improve the problem of the electrode assembly 11 collapsing toward the first component 121 and reducing or even blocking the first exhaust space 101, helping to improve the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell 10. On the other hand, a larger exhaust space can also be created between the electrode assembly 11 and the second component 122 without being blocked by the limiting structure 15, which is beneficial to the flow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated during thermal runaway of the battery cell 10, thereby facilitating the improvement of the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell 10 and reducing the risk of explosion of the battery cell 10.

[0170] In some embodiments, 0.07<S1 / S2<0.3.

[0171] For example, S1 / S2 can be 0.075, 0.08, 0.085, 0.09, 0.1, 0.12, 0.15, 0.18, 0.2, 0.22, 0.25, 0.28, etc.

[0172] Such an arrangement facilitates improving the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell 10 .

[0173] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 8 to 13 in conjunction with other figures. The second component 122 includes a first wall 1221 and a first insulating member 1222. The first wall 1221 is disposed opposite the first component 121. The first insulating member 1222 is disposed between the first wall 1221 and the electrode assembly 11. The adapter 14 is disposed on a side of the first insulating member 1222 away from the first wall 1221.

[0174] In some possible designs, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, the first stopper 151 is sequentially inserted into the first insulating member 1222 and the first wall 1221, so that the first stopper 151 is connected to the first insulating member 1222 and the first wall 1221, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the first stopper 151 and the second component 122. As an example, the first insulating member 1222 is provided with a slot 1201 extending therethrough along the first direction Z. The first stopper 151 can be sequentially inserted into the slot 1201 of the first insulating member 1222 and the first wall 1221 along the first direction Z, so as to achieve an interference fit with the slot 1201 of the first insulating member 1222 and the first wall 1221, respectively, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the first stopper 151 and the first insulating member 1222 and the first wall 1221, respectively.

[0175] Alternatively, in other possible designs, as shown in Figures 12 and 13, the first stopper 151 is disposed through the first insulating member 1222 and connected to the first wall 1221, so that the first stopper 151 is connected to the first wall 1221, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the first stopper 151 and the second component 122. The first stopper 151 and the first wall 1221 can be connected integrally or separately by bolting, riveting, or the like.

[0176] Alternatively, in some other possible designs, the first stopper 151 is plugged into the first insulating member 1222 and connected to the first wall 1221, such that the first stopper 151 is connected to the first wall 1221 and the first insulating member 1222, thereby achieving a fixed connection between the first stopper 151 and the second component 122. The first stopper 151 and the first wall 1221 can be integrally connected or separately connected using bolts, rivets, or other methods. As an example, the first stopper 151 is plugged into the first insulating member 1222 and has an interference fit with the first insulating member 1222 to achieve a fixed connection between the first stopper 151 and the first insulating member 1222.

[0177] Alternatively, in some other possible designs, as shown in Figures 10 and 11, the first stopper 151 is connected to the first insulating member 1222 to achieve a fixed connection between the first stopper 151 and the second member 122. The first stopper 151 and the first insulating member 1222 can be integrally connected by means such as integral injection molding, or can be separately connected by means such as bolt fixing or riveting.

[0178] Alternatively, in some other possible designs, the first limiting member 151 is plugged into the first insulating member 1222 to achieve a fixed connection between the first limiting member 151 and the second component 122. As an example, the first limiting member 151 is plugged into the first insulating member 1222 and has an interference fit with the first insulating member 1222 to achieve a fixed connection between the first limiting member 151 and the first insulating member 1222.

[0179] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection operation between the first limiting member 151 and the second member 122 is very flexible and easy to implement.

[0180] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 12 and 13 in conjunction with other figures, the limiting structure 15 includes a plurality of first limiting members 151 spaced apart and distributed throughout the second component 122. Opposite ends of at least some of the second limiting members 152 are connected to corresponding first limiting members 151.

[0181] At least some of the opposite ends of the second limiting members 152 are respectively connected to the corresponding first limiting members 151, which means that among the opposite ends of at least one second limiting member 152, one end is connected to at least one first limiting member 151, and the other end is connected to at least one first limiting member 151.

[0182] Such a configuration allows the opposite ends of the second limiting member 152 to be fixed to the second component 122 by the first limiting member 151, thereby increasing the limiting strength of the second limiting member 152 on the adapter 14, and thus greatly improving the problem of the electrode assembly 11 collapsing toward the first component 121 and reducing or even blocking the first exhaust space 101, thereby facilitating the improvement of the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell 10.

[0183] Among them, the opposite ends of the second limiting member 152 can be fixed on the second component 122 through the first limiting member 151, so that the area of ​​the second limiting member 152 relative to the adapter 14 along the first direction Z can be larger, which is beneficial to improving the limiting strength of the limiting structure 15 on the adapter 14.

[0184] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 12 and 13 together, and in conjunction with other figures. The first limiting member 151 includes a first connecting portion 1511 and a first hook portion 1512. The first connecting portion 1511 is connected to the second component 122, and the first hook portion 1512 is arranged on the first connecting portion 1511. The second limiting member 152 includes a second connecting portion 1521 and a second hook portion 1522, and the second hook portion 1522 is arranged on the second connecting portion 1521. The first hook portion 1512 and the second hook portion 1522 are engaged with each other to form a limit of the first limiting member 151 and the second limiting member 152 in the first direction Z. The first direction Z is parallel to the distribution direction of the first component 121 and the second component 122.

[0185] The first connection portion 1511 is connected to the first wall 1221 of the second component 122 ; or, the first connection portion 1511 is connected to the first insulating member 1222 of the second component 122 ; or, the first connection portion 1511 is connected to the first wall 1221 and the first insulating member 1222 of the second component 122 .

[0186] At least a portion of the second connection portion 1521 is located on a side of the adapter 14 away from the second component 122, so that at least a portion of the second connection portion 1521 is opposite to the adapter 14 along the first direction Z, so that the second connection portion 1521 can limit the adapter 14, and further limit the electrode assembly 11 along the first direction Z away from the first component 121.

[0187] The first limiting member 151 and the second limiting member 152 can be mutually engaged via the first hook 1512 and the second hook 1522 , so that the first limiting member 151 and the second limiting member 152 can be detachably connected, thereby facilitating the assembly of the limiting structure 15 on the second component 122 .

[0188] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 14 and 15 in conjunction with other figures, the second component 122 defines a groove 1202, into which at least a portion of the adapter 14 is disposed. A retaining structure 15 is disposed on the inner wall of the groove 1202 to retain the adapter 14 in the groove 1202.

[0189] Specifically, the first insulating member 1222 of the second component 122 is recessed along the first direction Z toward one side of the first component 121 to form a groove 1202 , and at least a portion of the adapter 14 is located in the groove 1202 .

[0190] Since at least part of the limiting structure 15 is disposed on the inner wall of the groove 1202 , the limiting structure 15 can abut against the side of the adapter 14 facing the first component 121 , so that the limiting structure 15 can limit the adapter 14 .

[0191] The limiting structure 15 may be integrally provided on the inner wall of the groove 1202 , that is, the limiting structure 15 is integrally connected to the first insulating member 1222 .

[0192] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4 to 15 together, and in combination with other drawings. The battery cell 10 includes a first electrode terminal 13a, a second electrode terminal 13b, a first adapter 14a, a second adapter 14b and a first limiting structure 15a. The first electrode terminal 13a is the above-mentioned electrode terminal 13, and the first adapter 14a is the above-mentioned adapter 14. The first adapter 14a is conductively connected to the first electrode terminal 13a and the electrode assembly 11, and the second adapter 14b is conductively connected to the second electrode terminal 13b and the electrode assembly 11. Among them, the first electrode terminal 13a is the positive electrode terminal 13, and the second electrode terminal 13b is the negative electrode terminal 13; or, the first electrode terminal 13a is the negative electrode terminal 13, and the second electrode terminal 13b is the positive electrode terminal 13.

[0193] The battery cell 10 may further include a first limiting structure 15a, which is the above-mentioned limiting structure 15. The first limiting structure 15a is connected to the second component 122 and is used to limit the first adapter 14a in a direction away from the first component 121. It can be understood that the first adapter 14a is arranged between the second component 122 and the electrode assembly 11, and the first limiting structure 15a is connected to the second component 122, and limits the first adapter 14a in the second component 122 in a first direction Z away from the first component 121, so that the electrode assembly 11 is also limited in a direction away from the first component 121 under the drive of the first adapter 14a. This can improve the problem of the electrode assembly 11 collapsing toward the first component 121 and reducing or even blocking the first exhaust space 101, thereby improving the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell 10.

[0194] In some possible designs, as shown in FIG4 , the first electrode terminal 13a and the second electrode terminal 13b are spaced apart and disposed on the second component 122, that is, the first electrode terminal 13a and the second electrode terminal 13b are disposed at the same end of the housing assembly 12. Based on this, the first adapter 14a and the second adapter 14b are spaced apart and disposed between the electrode assembly 11 and the second component 122.

[0195] Alternatively, in other possible designs, as shown in FIG5 , the first electrode terminal 13a is disposed on the second component 122, and the second electrode terminal 13b is disposed on the first component 121. That is, the first electrode terminal 13a and the second electrode terminal 13b are disposed at opposite ends of the housing assembly 12. Based on this, the first adapter 14a and the second adapter 14b are located at opposite ends of the electrode assembly 11, with the first adapter 14a located between the second component 122 and the electrode assembly 11, and the second adapter 14b located between the first component 121 and the electrode assembly 11.

[0196] Such an arrangement enables the two electrode terminals 13 of the battery cell 10 to be located at the same end or at two opposite ends.

[0197] In some embodiments, please refer to Figures 4, 10, and 11 in conjunction with other figures. The second adapter 14b is the aforementioned adapter 14. The second electrode terminal 13b is also the aforementioned electrode terminal 13, and the first electrode terminal 13a and the second electrode terminal 13b are spaced apart on the second component 122. Therefore, the first adapter 14a and the second adapter 14b are spaced apart between the electrode assembly 11 and the second component 122.

[0198] The battery cell 10 may further include a second limiting structure 15b, which is the aforementioned limiting structure 15. The second limiting structure 15b is connected to the second component 122 at intervals from the first limiting structure 15a and is used to limit the second adapter 14b in a direction away from the first component 121.

[0199] With this arrangement, the first limiting structure 15a limits the first adapter 14a to the second component 122 along the first direction Z away from the first component 121, thereby limiting the electrode assembly 11 in the first direction Z away from the first component 121, driven by the first adapter 14a. Furthermore, the second limiting structure 15b limits the second adapter 14b to the second component 122 along the first direction Z away from the first component 121, thereby limiting the electrode assembly 11 in the first direction Z away from the first component 121, driven by the second adapter 14b. Therefore, the limiting strength of the limiting structure 15 on the electrode assembly 11 can be improved, thereby significantly alleviating the problem of the electrode assembly 11 collapsing toward the first component 121, thereby reducing or even blocking the first exhaust space 101, thereby improving the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell 10.

[0200] Specifically, as shown in Figures 4 and 8 to 15, the first electrode terminal 13a and the second electrode terminal 13b are spaced apart in the second component 122 along the second direction Y. Correspondingly, the first adapter 14a and the second adapter 14b are also spaced apart in the housing assembly 12 along the second direction Y. The second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction Z.

[0201] 8 to 15 illustrate a spatial coordinate system, wherein the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are coordinate axes of the spatial coordinate system, the X-axis is perpendicular to the Y-axis, the X-axis is perpendicular to the Z-axis, and the Y-axis is perpendicular to the Z-axis. The second direction Y is parallel to the Y-axis shown in the figures.

[0202] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 5 and in conjunction with other figures, the first electrode terminal 13a is disposed on the second component 122, and the second electrode terminal 13b is disposed on the first component 121. That is, the first electrode terminal 13a and the second electrode terminal 13b are disposed at opposite ends of the housing assembly 12. Based on this, the first adapter 14a and the second adapter 14b are located at opposite ends of the electrode assembly 11, with the first adapter 14a located between the second component 122 and the electrode assembly 11, and the second adapter 14b located between the first component 121 and the electrode assembly 11.

[0203] The second component 122 and the electrode assembly 11 are spaced apart to form a second exhaust space 102 . Specifically, the second component 122 and the electrode assembly 11 are spaced apart along the first direction Z to form the second exhaust space 102 .

[0204] The battery cell 10 also includes a third retaining structure connected to the first component 121 and retaining the second adapter 14b in the first component 121. The connection of the third retaining structure to the first component 121 and the retention of the second adapter 14b in the first component 121 are similar to the connection of the retaining structure 15 to the second component 122 and the retention of the adapter 14 in the second component 122. For details, please refer to the preceding text and will not be repeated here.

[0205] The third retaining structure retains the second adapter 14b against the first component 121, allowing the electrode assembly 11 to be moved away from the second component 122 by the second adapter 14b. This alleviates the problem of the electrode assembly 11 collapsing toward the second component 122, thereby reducing or even blocking the second vent space 102, thereby improving the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell 10.

[0206] It can be understood that the first limiting structure 15a and the third limiting structure are used to achieve the limitation of the electrode assembly 11 in two opposite directions, which can improve the problem of collapse of the electrode assembly 11 leading to reduction or even blockage of the first exhaust space 101 and the second exhaust space 102, thereby facilitating the improvement of the directional pressure relief effect of the battery cell 10.

[0207] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 5 and in conjunction with other drawings, the second component 122 is provided with a second pressure relief mechanism 17 , and the second exhaust space 102 is connected to the second pressure relief mechanism 17 .

[0208] The second pressure relief mechanism 17 is a pressure relief mechanism that can release the internal pressure of the battery cell 10 when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 10 reaches a threshold. That is, the second pressure relief mechanism 17 has the same structure as the first pressure relief mechanism 16, and the details can be referred to and will not be repeated here.

[0209] The second pressure relief mechanism 17 may be provided on the first wall 1221 , as shown in FIG. 5 ; the second pressure relief mechanism 17 may also be provided on both the first wall 1221 and the first insulating member 1222 .

[0210] Taking the second pressure relief mechanism 17 disposed on the first wall 1221 as an example, as shown in Figure 5 , the second pressure relief mechanism 17 can be a weak structure disposed on the first wall 1221; alternatively, the second pressure relief mechanism 17 can be a pressure valve, etc. When the second pressure relief mechanism 17 is a weak structure, the structural strength of the second pressure relief mechanism 17 is lower than the structural strength of the end cap and other locations of the housing. In this way, if thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 10, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the battery cell 10 can break through the second pressure relief mechanism 17 and be released outside the battery cell 10.

[0211] As an example, the second pressure relief mechanism 17 can be integrally formed with the first wall 1221. For example, the second pressure relief mechanism 17 is a notch provided on the first wall 1221. As another example, the second pressure relief mechanism 17 can also be provided separately from the first wall 1221 and connected thereto.

[0212] The second exhaust space 102 is connected to the second pressure relief mechanism 17 , which means that the gas in the second exhaust space 102 can flow to the second pressure relief mechanism 17 . As an example, as shown in FIG5 , the second pressure relief mechanism 17 is exposed to the second exhaust space 102 .

[0213] With this arrangement, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated when the battery cell 10 thermally runs away can flow through the second exhaust space 102 to the second pressure relief mechanism 17 , and be released and directionally relieved by the second pressure relief mechanism 17 , which is beneficial to improving the reliability of the battery 100 .

[0214] Based on this, the high-temperature, high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway of the battery cell 10 can be discharged through the first exhaust space 101 to the first pressure relief mechanism 16, where it is released and released in a targeted manner. Alternatively, the gas can be discharged through the second exhaust space 102 to the second pressure relief mechanism 17, where it is released and released in a targeted manner. This greatly improves the targeted pressure relief effect of the battery cell 10.

[0215] Referring to FIG. 2 and other accompanying drawings, the battery 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell 10. The battery cell 10 in this embodiment is identical to the battery cell 10 in the previous embodiment. For details, please refer to the description of the battery cell 10 in the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0216] The battery 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the directional pressure relief effect of the battery 100 by adopting the battery cell 10 involved above, thereby improving the reliability of the battery 100.

[0217] Referring to FIG1 , the electrical device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell 10 or a battery 100. The battery cell 10 and battery 100 in this embodiment are identical to those in the previous embodiment. For details, please refer to the description of the battery cell 10 and battery 100 in the previous embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0218] The electric device provided in the embodiment of the present application can improve the reliability of the battery 100 and further improve the reliability of the electric device by adopting the battery cell 10 or the battery 100 mentioned above.

[0219] As one embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figures 4, 8, and 15, a battery cell 10 includes a housing assembly 12, an electrode assembly 11, a first electrode terminal 13a, a second electrode terminal 13b, a first adapter 14a, a second adapter 14b, a first retaining structure 15a, and a second retaining structure 15b. The housing assembly 12 comprises a first component 121 and a second component 122, which are arranged opposite each other along a first direction Z. The first component 121 includes a second wall 1211, which is provided with a first pressure relief mechanism 16. The second component 122 includes a first wall 1221 and a first insulating member 1222. The first and second walls 1221 and 1211 are arranged opposite each other along the first direction Z. The first insulating member 1222 is disposed on the side of the first wall 1221 facing the second wall 1211 along the first direction Z. The first wall 1221 serves as an end cap. The second wall 1211 and the electrode assembly 11 are separated along the first direction Z to form a first exhaust space 101, and the first pressure relief mechanism 16 is exposed to the first exhaust space 101. The first electrode terminal 13a and the second electrode terminal 13b are spaced apart on the first wall 1221, and the first adapter 14a and the second adapter 14b are spaced apart in the housing assembly 12. The first adapter 14a is conductively connected to the first electrode terminal 13a and the positive electrode tab of the electrode assembly 11, and the second adapter 14b is conductively connected to the second electrode terminal 13b and the negative electrode tab of the electrode assembly 11. The first limiting structure 15a and the second limiting structure 15b are spaced apart on the second component 122. At least a portion of the first limiting structure 15a is located on a side of the first adapter 14a facing the first component 121 along the first direction Z to limit the first adapter 14a. At least a portion of the second limiting structure 15b is located on a side of the second adapter 14b facing the first component 121 along the first direction Z to limit the second adapter 14b.

[0220] The above are merely optional embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery cell (10), wherein, Comprising: A housing assembly (12) having a first member (121) and a second member (122) disposed opposite to each other; An electrode assembly (11) disposed between the first member (121) and the second member (122), and a first exhaust space (101) is formed between the first member (121) and the electrode assembly (11) with a gap therebetween; A first pressure relief mechanism (16) disposed on the first member (121) and communicating with the first exhaust space (101); An electrode terminal (13) disposed on the second member (122); An adapter (14) conductively connected between the electrode assembly (11) and the electrode terminal (13); A limiting structure (15) connected to the second member (122) and configured to limit the adapter (14) in a direction away from the first member (121).

2. The battery cell (10) according to claim 1, wherein, The second member (122) includes: A first wall (1221) disposed opposite to the first member (121); A first insulating member (1222) disposed between the first wall (1221) and the electrode assembly (11), and the adapter (14) is disposed on a side of the first insulating member (1222) away from the first wall (1221); the limiting structure (15) is connected to the first wall (1221) and / or the first insulating member (1222).

3. The battery cell (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The limiting structure (15) includes: A first limiting member (151) connected to the second member (122); A second limiting member (152) connected to the first limiting member (151) and at least partially located on a side of the adapter (14) facing the first member (121) to limit the adapter (14).

4. The battery cell (10) according to claim 3, wherein, The first limiting member (151) and the second limiting member (152) are integrally connected; or, the first limiting member (151) and the second limiting member (152) are detachably connected.

5. The battery cell (10) according to claim 3 or 4, wherein, At least one of the limiting structures (15) constitutes a set of the limiting structures (15), and a set of the limiting structures (15) is configured to limit one adapter (14); the dimensions of the limiting structure (15) and the adapter (14) satisfy the following relationship: 0.002 < S1 / S2 < 0.4; wherein, S1 is the area of the projection of all the second limiting members (152) of a set of the limiting structures (15) projected onto the adapter (14) along a first direction (Z), and S2 is the projection area of one adapter (14) along the first direction (Z); the first direction (Z) is parallel to the distribution direction of the first member (121) and the second member (122).

6. The battery cell (10) according to claim 5, wherein, 0.07 < S1 / S2 < 0.

3.

7. The battery cell (10) according to any one of claims 3-6, wherein, The second limiting member (152) is an insulating structure; or, both the first limiting member (151) and the second limiting member (152) are insulating structures.

8. The battery cell (10) according to any one of claims 3-7, wherein, The second member (122) includes: A first wall (1221) disposed opposite to the first member (121); The first insulating member (1222) is disposed between the first wall (121) and the electrode assembly (11), and the adapter (14) is disposed on a side of the first insulating member (1222) away from the first wall (1221). Wherein, the first limiting member (151) is sequentially inserted into the first insulating member (1222) and the first wall (1221); alternatively, the first limiting member (151) penetrates through the first insulating member (1222) or is inserted into the first insulating member (1222) and is connected to the first wall (1221); alternatively, the first limiting member (151) is connected to the first insulating member (1222); alternatively, the first limiting member (151) is inserted into the first insulating member (1222).

9. The battery cell (10) according to any one of claims 3-8, wherein, The limiting structure (15) includes a plurality of first limiting members (151) spaced apart from each other on the second component (122), and opposite ends of at least some of the second limiting members (152) are respectively connected to corresponding first limiting members (151).

10. The battery cell (10) according to claim 9, wherein, The first limiting member (151) includes a first connecting portion (1511) connected to the second component (122) and a first hook portion (1512) disposed on the first connecting portion (1511), and the second limiting member (152) includes a second connecting portion (1521) and a second hook portion (1522) disposed on the second connecting portion (1521). The first hook portion (1512) and the second hook portion (1522) are engaged with each other to form a limit in the distribution direction of the first component (121) and the second component (122) for the first limiting member (151) and the second limiting member (152).

11. The battery cell (10) according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein, The second component (122) is provided with a groove (1202), and at least a part of the adapter (14) is disposed in the groove (1202); the limiting structure (15) is disposed on the inner wall of the groove (1202) and limits the adapter (14) in the groove (1202).

12. The battery cell (10) according to any one of claims 1-11, wherein, The battery cell (10) includes: A first electrode terminal (13a), which is the electrode terminal (13) and is disposed on the second component (122); A second electrode terminal (13b), which is disposed on the first component (121) or the second component (122); A first adapter (14a), which is the adapter (14) and is conductively connected to the first electrode terminal (13a) and the electrode assembly (11); A second adapter (14b), which is conductively connected to the second electrode terminal (13b) and the electrode assembly (11); A first limiting structure (15a), which is the limiting structure (15), is connected to the second component (122) and is used to limit the first adapter (14a) in a direction away from the first component (121).

13. The battery cell (10) according to claim 12, wherein, The second adapter (14b) is the adapter (14); the second electrode terminal (13b) is the electrode terminal (13), and is spaced apart from the first electrode terminal (13a) on the second component (122); The battery cell (10) further includes a second limiting structure (15b), the second limiting structure (15b) is spaced and connected to the first limiting structure (15a) on the second component (122), the second limiting structure (15b) is the limiting structure (15), and is used to limit the second adapter (14b) in a direction away from the first component (121).

14. The battery cell (10) according to claim 12, wherein, The second electrode terminal (13b) is disposed on the first component (121), and a second exhaust space (102) is formed by spacing the second component (122) and the electrode assembly (11); the second component (122) is provided with a second pressure relief mechanism (17) communicating with the second exhaust space (102); The battery cell (10) further includes a third limiting structure, the third limiting structure is connected to the first component (121), and is used to limit the second adapter (14b) in a direction away from the second component (122).

15. A battery (100), wherein, Comprising a plurality of battery cells (10) according to any one of claims 1-14.

16. An electrical device, wherein, Comprising a battery cell (10) according to any one of claims 1-14; or, comprising a battery (100) according to claim 15.

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