Battery cell, battery, electric device, and battery state monitoring method

Abstract

The present application provides a battery cell, a battery, an electric device, and a battery state monitoring method. The battery cell comprises a battery body, a carrier communication unit, and a sensor assembly; the battery body is provided with a pole that extends from the interior of the battery body to the exterior of the battery body; the sensor assembly is electrically connected to the carrier communication unit, and the carrier communication unit is electrically connected to the pole; and the carrier communication unit is used for receiving monitoring parameters, generating a parameter packet by means of a link layer on the basis of the monitoring parameters, and converting the parameter packet into a first carrier signal by means of a physical layer, so as to load the first carrier signal on the pole and transmit the first carrier signal to a power supply bus. The present application can use the carrier communication unit to quickly and timely send a carrier signal with the monitoring parameters, thereby reducing the possibility of an accident caused by battery issues and improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell.

Description

Battery cell, battery, power-consuming device, and battery status monitoring method

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 2024100124050, filed on January 3, 2024, entitled “Battery Cell, Battery, Electrical Device and Battery Status Monitoring Method,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Technical field

[0002] The present application belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular relates to a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a battery status monitoring method. [Background Technology]

[0003] In the existing technology, conventional battery monitoring technology uses sensors and analog sampling technology outside the battery to monitor indicators such as shell temperature, current, and voltage, and uses special communication cables to monitor CAN protocols and other carriers. Systems represented by battery systems (BMS) all monitor current, voltage, temperature and other parameters from the outside of the battery shell. The chip cost of this method itself is relatively high, basically over 100 yuan, and special cables need to be laid between battery packs for data transmission, further increasing the monitoring cost. Because the battery itself is an energy storage device, when the battery can detect obvious temperature changes, it has already undergone drastic changes. At this time, it may be too late to take remedial measures and it is impossible to prevent the occurrence of danger. Therefore, how to improve the monitoring efficiency of battery monitoring parameters to improve battery safety has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved.

[0004] [Summary of the invention]

[0005] The present application provides a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, a battery status monitoring system and a method, aiming to solve the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted in this application is: a battery cell is provided, which includes a battery body, a carrier communication unit and a sensor assembly. The battery body is provided with a pole extending from the inside of the battery body to the outside of the battery body, and the pole is used to provide power supply current to the external load; the sensor assembly is electrically connected to the carrier communication unit, and the carrier communication unit is electrically connected to the pole; wherein the sensor assembly is used to collect monitoring parameters of the battery cell; the carrier communication unit includes a physical layer and a link layer, and the carrier communication unit is used to receive monitoring parameters, generate parameter messages based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and convert the parameter messages into a first carrier signal through the physical layer, and load the first carrier signal onto the pole for transmission to the power supply bus. In the above solution, the battery body can use the carrier communication unit to quickly and timely send a carrier signal with monitoring parameters, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by battery problems and improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell.

[0007] In some embodiments, the sensor assembly and carrier communication unit are disposed within the battery body, where the carrier communication unit is electrically connected to the battery terminal. In the above embodiment, the sensor assembly and carrier communication unit are disposed within the battery body, enabling acquisition of monitoring parameters within the battery body, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by monitoring parameters within the battery body.

[0008] In some embodiments, in response to monitoring parameters meeting preset requirements, the carrier communication unit proactively generates a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters via the link layer, converts the parameter message into a first carrier signal via the physical layer, and proactively loads the first carrier signal onto the pole for transmission to the power supply bus. In the above scheme, the battery cells of the present application can proactively upload when the monitoring parameters meet preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by battery problems and improving the efficiency of battery cell monitoring.

[0009] In some embodiments, the monitored parameters include temperature, pressure, gas concentration, magnetic field, voltage, current, stress, impedance, and the chemical state of the electrolyte. The carrier communication unit is used to determine whether the monitored parameters are greater than or equal to a preset parameter threshold. If so, the monitored parameters are determined to meet the preset requirements. In the above scheme, the battery cells of the present application can actively upload when the monitored parameters meet the preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of battery accidents caused by monitoring parameters exceeding the preset threshold.

[0010] In some embodiments, the sensor assembly may include at least one or any combination of a temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor, a gas sensor, a magnetic field strength sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a stress sensor, an impedance sensor, and an electrochemical sensor. In the above solution, by providing different sensor assemblies, one or more parameters of the battery cell can be further obtained, thereby improving the battery management module's monitoring efficiency of the battery cell.

[0011] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit includes a carrier communication module and a processor, the processor being coupled to the carrier communication module, and the carrier communication module being provided with a physical layer and a link layer; the processor being configured to control the carrier communication module to generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters via the link layer and to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal via the physical layer in response to the monitoring parameters meeting preset requirements. In the above scheme, the physical layer and link layer of the carrier communication module can generate a parameter message when the battery monitoring parameters meet preset requirements, and convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal via the physical layer, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by battery problems and thereby improving the efficiency of monitoring battery cells.

[0012] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit is configured to generate a parameter message using a destination node address, a local node address, and monitoring parameters in a predetermined message format via a link layer. In the above scheme, the carrier communication unit's link layer can be used to set corresponding destination node addresses and local node addresses for the battery's monitoring parameters, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and accuracy of the battery's monitoring parameters.

[0013] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit is configured to add a header and a footer to the monitoring parameters in accordance with a preset message format via the link layer, and to add the destination node address and the local node location to the header, thereby generating a parameter message. In the above scheme, the carrier communication unit can add the destination node address and the local node location to the header via the link layer to generate a parameter message, enabling the use of a customized message to transmit the monitoring parameters, making the transmission of the battery's monitoring parameters more secure and efficient.

[0014] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit is used to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through the physical layer; or the carrier communication unit is used to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal of a preset frequency through the physical layer; the preset frequency is 700KHz to 12MHz. In the above scheme, the carrier communication unit can convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through the physical layer, thereby realizing the transmission of monitoring parameters through carrier communication, improving the transmission efficiency of monitoring parameters, setting the preset frequency to 700KHz to 12MHz can reduce the impact of external interference frequency bands on the carrier communication unit, and setting the preset frequency at a relatively low frequency of 700KHz to 12MHz will have a better communication effect and will not interfere with existing communications at lower frequencies.

[0015] In some embodiments, the preset frequency is also set to 800KHz~10MHz. In the above scheme, setting the preset frequency to 800KHz~10MHz can further reduce the impact of external interference frequency bands on the carrier communication unit, improve the anti-interference ability of the first carrier signal, and further reduce the possibility of interference with existing communications at lower frequencies.

[0016] In some embodiments, the battery cell further includes a filter assembly, which is connected to the carrier communication unit and the pole, respectively, for filtering the first carrier signal. In the above solution, the provision of the filter assembly can reduce interference from other signals on the first carrier signal, thereby improving the accuracy of the acquired battery monitoring parameters.

[0017] In some embodiments, the pole includes a positive pole and a negative pole, and the carrier communication unit includes a transmission positive pole, a transmission negative pole, a power supply positive pole, and a power supply negative pole; the power supply positive pole and the power supply negative pole are electrically connected to the positive pole and the negative pole respectively, so as to power the carrier communication unit and the sensor component through the positive pole and the negative pole; the filter component includes a first capacitor group and a second capacitor group, the first capacitor group is electrically connected between the transmission positive pole and the positive pole, and the second capacitor group is electrically connected between the transmission negative pole and the negative pole. In the above scheme, the first capacitor group and the second capacitor group are set at the positive and negative ends between the pole and the carrier communication unit, which can further reduce the influence of interference signals and improve the accuracy of the obtained battery monitoring parameters.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first capacitor group includes at least one filter capacitor electrically connected to each other; and the second capacitor group includes at least one filter capacitor electrically connected to each other.

[0019] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit is further configured to receive a second carrier signal input via the electrode, convert it into a control signal, and control the sensor assembly to collect monitoring parameters in response to the control signal. In the above solution, the carrier communication unit can convert the second carrier signal input via the electrode into a control signal to control the processor, enabling accurate acquisition of battery parameters within the battery cell based on demand.

[0020] To address the above technical issues, another technical solution adopted by this application is to provide a battery comprising multiple battery cells, each of which includes at least one of the battery cells described above, wherein the multiple battery cells are electrically connected; each battery cell serves as a node, and the carrier communication unit of each battery cell is configured with a corresponding node address. In the above solution, configuring the carrier communication unit of each battery cell with a corresponding node address can facilitate rapid location of problematic battery cells and improve battery monitoring efficiency.

[0021] To address the above technical issues, another technical solution adopted in this application is to provide an electrical device comprising the above-mentioned battery and a carrier communication gateway, the carrier communication gateway being electrically connected to the power supply bus and converting the first carrier signal to obtain monitoring parameters. In this solution, providing the carrier communication gateway can convert the first carrier signal to obtain the monitoring parameters, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining battery monitoring parameters.

[0022] In some embodiments, the power-consuming device includes a battery management module that is in communication with the carrier communication gateway. In the above solution, the battery management module can adjust the battery based on the acquired monitoring parameters, thereby reducing the risk of battery safety issues.

[0023] In some embodiments, the power-consuming device further includes an IoT gateway, wherein the IoT gateway module is communicatively connected to a carrier communication gateway; wherein the IoT gateway is communicatively connected to the cloud; and / or the power-consuming device includes a battery management module, which is communicatively connected to the IoT gateway. In the above solution, the IoT gateway can transmit the collected monitoring parameters to various systems for early warning or fault location.

[0024] In some embodiments, the power-consuming device includes a processing module that is communicatively connected to a carrier communication gateway. In the above solution, the battery monitoring parameters can be directly transmitted to the processing module of the power-consuming device via the carrier communication gateway. The processing module can then directly adjust the battery based on the acquired monitoring parameters, thereby improving the efficiency of battery adjustment.

[0025] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present application is: providing a battery status monitoring method, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned electrical devices, and the battery status monitoring method includes: obtaining monitoring parameters that meet preset requirements in the battery, generating parameter messages based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and converting the parameter messages into a first carrier signal through the physical layer and loading it onto the power supply bus; sending the first carrier signal to the carrier communication gateway through the power supply bus, the carrier communication gateway receives the first carrier signal and converts it into monitoring parameters; and sending the monitoring parameters outward through the carrier communication gateway. In the above solution, the battery cells of the present application can be actively uploaded when the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by battery problems and improving the monitoring efficiency of battery cells.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive work, among which:

[0027] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an electric device of the present application;

[0028] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the electric device of the present application;

[0029] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of the electric device of the present application;

[0030] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a battery provided by the present application;

[0031] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a battery cell provided by the present application;

[0032] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a battery of the present application;

[0033] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a battery cell of the present application;

[0034] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a battery of the present application;

[0035] FIG9 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a battery status monitoring method of the present application. [Specific implementation method]

[0036] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0039] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0042] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0043] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0044] Currently, from the perspective of market development prospects and application trends, batteries have been widely used in various fields due to their advantages such as high energy density, high power density, high cycle life, and long storage time. For example, they are applied to various energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power, and solar power stations. They also provide power for high-power devices such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, and electric vehicles, as well as military equipment and aerospace fields.

[0045] The battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used, but are not limited to, in electrical devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircraft. A power supply system comprising the battery cells and batteries disclosed in the present application can be used to form the electrical device.

[0046] The present invention provides an electric device that uses a battery as a power source. The electric device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery-powered vehicle, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc. The electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, such as a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, and an electric airplane toy, etc. The spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, and a spacecraft, etc.

[0047] Taking a vehicle as an example, as shown in FIG1 , FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of the power-consuming device of the present application. The vehicle can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle. The new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle, and the battery 100 can be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle. The battery 100 can be used to power the vehicle. For example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source for the vehicle. The vehicle can also include a controller 200 and a motor 300. The controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigating and operating power requirements of the vehicle during driving.

[0048] In some embodiments, the battery 100 can serve not only as an operating power source for the vehicle, but also as a driving power source for the vehicle, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the power-consuming device of the present application. As shown in Figure 2, in this embodiment, the power-consuming device 1000 includes a battery 100 and a carrier communication gateway 400. The carrier communication gateway 400 is electrically connected to the power supply bus of the battery 100 and converts the first carrier signal transmitted from the battery 100 to obtain monitoring parameters.

[0050] The battery 100 in this embodiment may be a pack including a control module, or may be a battery cell, battery module, or battery module group that does not include a control module. A battery cell may be considered as the smallest unit that makes up a battery. Each battery cell may be a secondary battery or a primary battery; it may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. A battery cell may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes. A battery module may be considered as a whole that is formed by connecting multiple battery cells in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid manner and is housed in a housing. Hybrid means that multiple battery cells are connected in series and in parallel. For example, multiple battery cells may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid manner, and then the whole formed by the multiple battery cells is housed in a housing. A battery module may also be a battery module formed by first connecting multiple battery cells in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid manner, and then the multiple battery modules are connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid manner to form a whole and housed in a housing.

[0051] The battery 100 in this embodiment may include multiple battery cells, each battery cell includes at least one battery cell, and the multiple battery cells are connected to the power supply bus. Each battery cell transmits the first carrier signal to the power supply bus through the pole, and each battery cell serves as a node. The carrier communication unit of each battery cell is configured with a corresponding node address.

[0052] The battery unit may be a pack containing multiple battery cells or a single battery cell.

[0053] The carrier communication gateway 400 of this embodiment can be electrically connected to the power supply bus of the above-mentioned battery 100. The carrier communication gateway 400 is configured to convert the first carrier signal transmitted from the power supply bus of the battery 100 to obtain the monitoring parameters of the battery 100, thereby improving the efficiency of obtaining the battery monitoring parameters.

[0054] As shown in Figure 2, the power consumption device 1000 of this embodiment further includes a battery management module 500, which is in communication with the carrier communication gateway 400. The battery management module 500 can adjust the battery based on the acquired monitoring parameters, thereby reducing the risk of safety problems with the battery 100.

[0055] The battery management module 500 includes one of a BMS system and a VCU.

[0056] The BMS (Battery Management System), commonly known as a battery nanny or battery steward, is primarily responsible for intelligently managing and maintaining individual battery cells, such as preventing overcharging and over-discharging, extending battery life, and monitoring battery status. The VCU can be considered the vehicle control unit (VCU). The VCU is a key component of the electronic control system for pure electric vehicles. Similar to the engine management system (EMS) in traditional internal combustion engine vehicles, the VCU of a pure electric vehicle effectively allocates energy and maximizes the efficiency of onboard battery energy utilization. The electronic control unit (VCU) within the VCU is the core of the VCU system. With the increasing number of electronic devices and control systems in electric vehicles, advanced vehicle control architectures are crucial for ensuring safe and reliable driving and improving data transmission efficiency between various control systems. The VCU of an electric vehicle implements functions such as motor drive control, temperature control, and energy management control. It primarily consists of subsystems such as sensor input and switch systems, system drive outputs, and control unit output systems.

[0057] As shown in Figure 3, Figure 3 is a structural diagram of the third embodiment of the power-consuming device of the present application. In this embodiment, the power-consuming device 1000 also includes an Internet of Things gateway 600, the Internet of Things gateway module 600 is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway 400, and the battery management module 500 is communicatively connected to the Internet of Things gateway 600.

[0058] Among them, the Internet of Things gateway 600 of this embodiment is used to uniformly manage the monitoring parameters of the battery 100 transmitted by the carrier communication gateway 400. In addition, the Internet of Things gateway 600 can also be connected to various systems and can transmit the monitoring parameters of the battery 100 to other systems to achieve early warning or fault location of the battery 100.

[0059] In other embodiments, the IoT gateway module 600 may also be connected to the cloud for communication, and the cloud receives monitoring parameters of the battery 100 , thereby achieving management of the battery 100 .

[0060] In other embodiments, the power-consuming device 1000 further includes a processing module, which is communicatively connected to a carrier communication gateway. If the power-consuming device 1000 is a vehicle, the processing module is the vehicle controller described above. This allows battery monitoring parameters to be directly transmitted to the vehicle controller via the carrier communication gateway. The vehicle controller can then adjust the battery based on the acquired monitoring parameters, improving battery adjustment efficiency.

[0061] Please refer to Figure 4, which is a structural diagram of the first embodiment of the battery provided in this application. As mentioned above, the battery 100 in this embodiment can be a pack including a control module, or it can be a battery cell, battery module or battery module that does not include a control module. As shown in Figure 4, in this embodiment, the battery 100 includes a battery case 10 and a battery cell 20, and the battery cell 20 is accommodated in the battery case 10. Among them, the battery case 10 is used to provide a storage space for the battery cell 20, and the battery case 10 can adopt a variety of structures. In some embodiments, the battery case 10 may include a first part 11 and a second part 12, the first part 11 and the second part 12 cover each other, and the first part 11 and the second part 12 jointly define a storage space for accommodating the battery cell 20. The second portion 12 can be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first portion 11 can be a plate-like structure. The first portion 11 covers the open side of the second portion 12, so that the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 jointly define a storage space. The first portion 11 and the second portion 12 can also be hollow structures with one end open, with the open side of the first portion 11 covering the open side of the second portion 12. Of course, the battery case 10 formed by the first portion 11 and the second portion 12 can have various shapes, such as a cylinder, a rectangular parallelepiped, etc.

[0062] In the battery 100, there may be multiple battery cells 20, and the multiple battery cells 20 may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection. A hybrid connection refers to a combination of series and parallel connections among the multiple battery cells 20. The multiple battery cells 20 may be directly connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection, and then the entire battery 20 may be housed within the battery case 10. Of course, the battery 100 may also be a battery module formed by first connecting multiple battery cells 20 in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection, and then the multiple battery modules may be connected in series, in parallel, or in a hybrid connection to form an entire battery 20, and then housed within the battery case 10. The battery 100 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 100 may further include a busbar component for electrically connecting the multiple battery cells 20.

[0063] Each battery cell 20 may be a secondary battery or a primary battery, and may also be a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, but is not limited thereto. The battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or in other shapes.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 5, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of a battery cell provided by this application. A battery cell 20 is the smallest unit that makes up a battery. As shown in Figure 3, a battery cell 20 includes an end cap 21, a housing 22, an electrode assembly 23, and other functional components.

[0065] The end cap 21 is a component that covers the opening of the housing 22 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 20 from the external environment. The shape of the end cap 21 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 22 to fit the housing 22. Optionally, the end cap 21 can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as an aluminum alloy). This prevents the end cap 21 from deforming when subjected to compression or collision, thereby providing the battery cell 20 with greater structural strength and improved safety. The end cap 21 can be provided with functional components such as electrode terminals 21a. The electrode terminals 21a can be used to electrically connect to the electrode assembly 23 for inputting or outputting electrical energy from the battery cell 20. In some embodiments, the end cap 21 can also be provided with a pressure relief mechanism for relieving internal pressure when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 20 reaches a threshold. The end cap 21 can also be made of a variety of materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any particular limitations on this. In some embodiments, an insulating member may be provided inside the end cap 21 to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing 22 from the end cap 21 to reduce the risk of short circuit. For example, the insulating member may be made of plastic, rubber, or the like.

[0066] The housing 22 is a component used to cooperate with the end cap 21 to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20, wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 23, electrolyte, and other components. The sensor can be located at the bottom of the housing 22, for example, at a corner of the housing 22. The housing 22 and the end cap 21 can be independent components. An opening can be provided on the housing 22, and the end cap 21 is closed at the opening to form the internal environment of the battery cell 20. Without limitation, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cap 21 and the housing 22 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When the interior of the housing 22 needs to be encapsulated, the end cap 21 is closed to the housing 22. The housing 22 can have various shapes and sizes, such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylindrical shape, a hexagonal prism, etc. Specifically, the shape of the housing 22 can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 23. The shell 22 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any special restrictions on this.

[0067] The electrode assembly 23 is a component in the battery cell 100 where electrochemical reactions occur. One or more electrode assemblies 23 may be contained in the housing 22. The electrode assembly 23 is mainly formed by winding or stacking positive and negative electrode sheets, and a separator is usually provided between the positive and negative electrode sheets. The parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets with active materials constitute the main body of the electrode assembly, and the parts of the positive and negative electrode sheets without active materials each constitute a tab 23a. The positive and negative electrode tabs may be located together at one end of the main body or respectively at both ends of the main body. During the charge and discharge process of the battery, the positive active material and the negative active material react with the electrolyte, and the tabs 23a connect the electrode terminals to form a current loop.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a second embodiment of the battery of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, in this embodiment, the battery 100 of this embodiment includes multiple battery cells 110, wherein the multiple battery cells 110 are electrically connected; each battery cell 110 serves as a node, and the carrier communication unit of each battery cell 110 is configured with a corresponding node address.

[0069] As shown in FIG. 6 , the battery unit 110 may be configured as one battery cell 20 . In other embodiments, the battery unit 110 may also be a pack including a plurality of battery cells 20 .

[0070] In this embodiment, each of the multiple battery cells 110 is equipped with a carrier communication unit and a sensor assembly. The sensor assembly is used to obtain monitoring parameters of the battery cell 110. The carrier communication unit can convert the monitoring parameters into a first carrier signal and load the first carrier signal onto the pole for transmission to the power supply bus. In this embodiment, each battery cell 110 serves as a node, and the carrier communication unit of each battery cell 110 is configured with a corresponding node address. Therefore, in this embodiment, by demodulating the first carrier signal transmitted by each battery cell 110, not only the monitoring parameters of the battery cell 110 can be obtained, but also the node address of the battery cell 110 corresponding to the monitoring parameter can be obtained.

[0071] In the above scheme, the carrier communication unit of each battery cell 110 is configured with a corresponding node address, that is, the carrier communication unit of each battery cell 110 uses the link address as the network address of the device or can map the link address and the device address, which can help to quickly locate the battery cell 110 with problems and improve the monitoring efficiency of the battery 100.

[0072] Please refer to FIG7 , which is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a battery cell of the present application. As shown in FIG7 , the battery cell 20 of this embodiment includes a battery body 30 , a carrier communication unit 40 and a sensor assembly 50 .

[0073] As shown in Figure 7, the battery body 30 is provided with a pole 31 that passes through the inside of the battery body 30 to the outside of the battery body. The pole 31 is used to provide power supply current for the external load. The sensor assembly 50 is electrically connected to the carrier communication unit 40, and the carrier communication unit 40 is electrically connected to the pole 31; wherein, the sensor assembly 50 is used to collect monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20; the carrier communication unit 40 is provided with a carrier communication module 41, and the carrier communication module 41 includes a physical layer 412 and a link layer 411. The carrier communication unit 40 is used to receive monitoring parameters, generate parameter messages based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer 411, and convert the parameter messages into a first carrier signal through the physical layer 412, and load the first carrier signal on the pole 31 to transmit it to the power supply bus.

[0074] As shown in FIG7 , in this embodiment, the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 can be disposed inside the battery body 30, and the carrier communication unit 40 is electrically connected to the terminal 31 inside the battery body 30. If the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 are disposed inside the battery body 30, it is possible to obtain monitoring parameters inside the battery body 30, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by monitoring parameters inside the battery 100.

[0075] In other embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 may also be disposed outside the battery body 30 , and part of the structure of the sensor assembly 50 or part of the sensor assembly 50 may also be disposed outside the battery body 30 .

[0076] The carrier communication unit 40 of this embodiment only uses its physical layer 412 and link layer 411 as a transmission channel for monitoring parameters, bypasses the application layer, and uses customized messages to transmit monitoring parameters, which is safe and efficient.

[0077] In the above solution, the battery body 30 can use the carrier communication unit 40 to quickly and timely send a carrier signal with monitoring parameters, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by problems with the battery cell 20 and improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell 20.

[0078] In some embodiments, in response to the monitoring parameters meeting the preset requirements, the carrier communication unit 40 actively generates a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer 411 and converts the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer 412, and then actively loads the first carrier signal on the pole 31 for transmission to the power supply bus.

[0079] Among them, in this embodiment, when a certain parameter or several parameters among the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements, the carrier communication unit 40 actively generates a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer 411 and converts the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer 412, and then actively loads the first carrier signal on the pole 31 to transmit it to the power supply bus.

[0080] That is, in this embodiment, the monitoring parameters of the battery cells 20 of this embodiment can be actively reported when certain preset requirements are met, without the need for an external battery management module to obtain the monitoring parameters of the battery cells 20 in a master-slave query manner.

[0081] In addition, in this embodiment, the monitoring parameters of the battery cells 20 can also be queried on demand. During the use of the battery 100, the monitoring parameters of all battery cells 20 in the battery 100 can be broadcast and read or unicast and read according to the address of the battery cell 20, or they can be queried at regular intervals. The carrier communication gateway 400 can configure different query frequencies for the battery 100 as needed.

[0082] In the above solution, the battery cell 20 of this embodiment can actively upload monitoring parameters when they meet preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by battery problems and improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell.

[0083] In some embodiments, the monitoring parameters include temperature, air pressure, gas concentration, magnetic field, voltage, current, stress, impedance and chemical state of the electrolyte. The carrier communication unit is used to determine whether the monitoring parameters are greater than or equal to a preset parameter threshold. If so, it is determined that the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements.

[0084] Among them, in this embodiment, the monitoring parameters can be temperature values, air pressure values, gas concentrations, magnetic fields, voltages, currents, stresses, impedances and chemical states of electrolytes. If the monitoring parameters are greater than or equal to the preset parameter thresholds, it is determined that the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements.

[0085] If the monitoring parameter is a temperature value, when the temperature value in the battery cell 20 is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, the carrier communication unit 40 determines that the detection parameter meets the preset requirement; if the monitoring parameter is an air pressure value or a gas concentration, when the air pressure value in the battery cell 20 is greater than or equal to the preset air pressure threshold or the gas concentration is greater than or equal to the preset gas concentration threshold, the carrier communication unit 40 determines that the detection parameter meets the preset requirement; if the detection parameter is a magnetic field, when the magnetic field strength in the battery cell 20 is greater than or equal to the preset magnetic field strength threshold, the carrier communication unit 40 determines that the detection parameter meets the preset requirement; when the battery cell 2 0 is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold or the current is greater than or equal to the preset current threshold, then the carrier communication unit 40 determines that the detection parameter meets the preset requirement; if the detection parameter is stress or impedance, when the stress in the battery cell 20 is greater than or equal to the preset stress threshold or the impedance is greater than or equal to the preset impedance threshold, then the carrier communication unit 40 determines that the detection parameter meets the preset requirement; if the detection parameter is the chemical state of the electrolyte, when the concentration of a certain ion in the chemical state of the electrolyte in the battery cell 20 is greater than or equal to the preset concentration threshold, then the carrier communication unit 40 determines that the detection parameter meets the preset requirement.

[0086] In the above scheme, when the monitoring parameter is one or any combination of temperature, air pressure, gas concentration, magnetic field, voltage, current, stress, impedance, and the chemical state of the electrolyte, the battery body 20 of this embodiment can use the carrier communication unit 40 to quickly and promptly transmit a carrier signal containing the aforementioned monitoring parameter without any additional wiring, thus saving space and cost within the battery body 20, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by battery problems and improving the efficiency of monitoring the battery cells. Existing wired communication methods require the installation of dedicated cables within the battery body 20 for data transmission. Wired communication methods first require drilling holes or installing corresponding structures on the top cover of the battery cell 20, which results in a complex wiring harness and further causes difficulties in assembly, sealing, and processing, making the battery cell 20 structure complex and unreliable. When transmitting detection parameters through wireless, Bluetooth or other wireless methods, signal loss may occur during the transmission process, resulting in data corruption. However, this embodiment uses carrier communication to send out carrier signals carrying the above-mentioned monitoring parameters at a faster speed and higher efficiency. The battery cell 20 of this embodiment converts the above-mentioned collected monitoring parameters into a first carrier signal through the carrier communication unit 40, and loads it onto the power supply current through the pole for transmission. This can eliminate the need for the battery cell 20 to set up an additional wired communication harness for communication, making the battery cell 20 structure simpler and more reliable. Compared with other wireless communication methods such as wireless and Bluetooth, this embodiment uses carrier communication to achieve lossless transmission of the above-mentioned collected monitoring parameters. In addition, when this embodiment uses carrier communication to transmit the above-mentioned parameters, it is safer and requires mutual contact for communication. Network attacks are difficult to resist, and it has strong anti-interference ability and high sensitivity. The minimum received signal strength is 0.3mVpp, which will not cause ripple and other effects on the power supply.

[0087] In this embodiment, the stress may be the internal stress of the battery cell 20 or the stress received by the outside of the battery cell 20 . The chemical state of the electrolyte refers to the concentration of ions of the electrolyte in the electrolyte within the battery cell 20 .

[0088] In the above solution, the battery cell 20 of the present application can actively upload when the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of the battery 100 causing an accident due to the monitoring parameters exceeding the preset threshold.

[0089] In some embodiments, the sensor assembly 50 may include at least one or any combination of a temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor, a gas sensor, a magnetic field strength sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a stress sensor, an impedance sensor, and an electrochemical sensor.

[0090] In other embodiments, the sensor assembly 50 may also be configured with corresponding sensors based on other parameter requirements, which is not limited here.

[0091] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7, the carrier communication unit 40 includes a carrier communication module 41 and a processor 42, the processor 42 is coupled to the carrier communication module 41, and the carrier communication module 41 is provided with a physical layer 412 and a link layer 411; the processor 42 is used to control the carrier communication module 41 to generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer 411 in response to the monitoring parameters meeting the preset requirements and convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer 412.

[0092] In this embodiment, the processor 42 can be configured as a microcontroller unit (MCU), and the MCU can also be configured to adopt the RISC-V instruction set open source architecture, with a built-in storage unit and an oscillator.

[0093] In the above scheme, the physical layer 412 and link layer 411 of the carrier communication module 41 can generate a parameter message when the battery monitoring parameters meet the preset requirements and convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer 412, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by battery problems and improving the monitoring efficiency of the battery cell 20.

[0094] In the above solution, one or more parameters of the battery cell 20 can be further obtained to improve the monitoring efficiency of the battery management module 500 on the battery cell 20 .

[0095] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 is configured to generate a parameter message using the destination node address, the local node address, and the monitoring parameters according to a preset message format through the link layer 411 .

[0096] In this embodiment, the link layer 411 of the carrier communication unit 40 performs addressing and control functions. During data transmission, the link layer of the carrier communication unit 40 generates a parameter message using the destination node address, the local node address, and the monitoring parameters according to a preset message format. The destination node address in the parameter message ensures that the monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20 are received by the correct external device. The parameter message also includes the local node address. Only after the external device receives and parses the parameter message can it confirm the source of the monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20.

[0097] In the above solution, the link layer 411 of the carrier communication unit 40 can set the corresponding destination node address and local node address for the monitoring parameters of the battery body 30, thereby improving the transmission efficiency and transmission accuracy of the battery monitoring parameters.

[0098] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 is used to add a header and a trailer to the monitoring parameters according to a preset message format through the link layer 411, and add the destination node address and the local node position to the header, thereby generating a parameter message.

[0099] As previously described, after acquiring the monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20 collected by the sensor assembly 50, the carrier communication unit 40 needs to generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters, the destination node address, and the local node address. To ensure safer and more efficient transmission of the monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20, in this embodiment, the destination node address and local node location can be added to the header according to a preset message format to generate a parameter message. If the node address of the receiving device is inconsistent with the destination node address, the parameter message cannot be accepted and will be discarded. Only the target device corresponding to the destination node address can accept and process the parameter message.

[0100] In the above scheme, the carrier communication unit 40 can add the destination node address and local node location to the header through the link layer 411, and then generate a parameter message. It can use a customized message to transmit monitoring parameters, making the transmission of the monitoring parameters of the battery body 30 safer and more efficient.

[0101] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 is configured to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through the physical layer 412 .

[0102] The physical layer 412 represents the actual physical link. The physical layer 412 establishes a link between the two ends of the communication using a physical transmission medium, such as a copper wire, optical cable, or wireless channel, to transmit the bit stream and ensure the correct transmission of the bit stream to the other end. In this embodiment, the carrier communication unit 40 converts the parameter message described above into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through its own physical layer 412 and loads it onto the power busbar via the pole 31.

[0103] In the above solution, the carrier communication unit 40 can convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through the physical layer 412, thereby realizing the transmission of the monitoring parameters through carrier communication, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of the monitoring parameters.

[0104] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 is used to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal of a preset frequency through the physical layer 412; the preset frequency is 700KHz to 12MHz.

[0105] In this embodiment, the frequency of the first carrier signal generated by the carrier communication unit 40 is configurable. In this embodiment, setting the preset frequency to 700 kHz to 12 MHz can avoid interference frequency bands generated by other devices, etc., and has strong anti-interference capabilities. In addition, setting the preset frequency to a relatively low frequency of 700 kHz to 12 MHz will achieve better communication effects and will not interfere with existing communications at lower frequencies. In other embodiments, the preset frequency can also be set based on actual conditions.

[0106] In the above solution, setting the preset frequency to 700KHz to 12MHz can reduce the impact of external interference frequency bands on the carrier communication unit.

[0107] In some embodiments, the preset frequency of the first carrier signal can also be set to 800KHz~10MHz. In the above scheme, setting the preset frequency to 800KHz~10MHz can further reduce the impact of external interference frequency bands on the carrier communication unit, improve the anti-interference ability of the first carrier signal, and further reduce the possibility of interference with existing communications with lower frequencies.

[0108] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 8, Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the third embodiment of the battery of the present application. As shown in Figure 8, the battery cell 20 also includes a filter component 60, which is respectively connected to the carrier communication unit 40 and the pole 31 for filtering the first carrier signal.

[0109] In the above solution, providing the filter component 60 can reduce the interference of other signals on the first carrier signal and improve the accuracy of the acquired battery monitoring parameters.

[0110] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 8, the pole 31 includes a positive pole and a negative pole, and the carrier communication unit 40 includes a transmission positive pole, a transmission negative pole, a power supply positive pole and a power supply negative pole; the power supply positive pole and the power supply negative pole are electrically connected to the positive pole and the negative pole respectively, so as to power the carrier communication unit and the sensor component through the positive pole and the negative pole; the filter component 60 includes a first capacitor group 61 and a second capacitor group 62, the first capacitor group 61 is electrically connected between the transmission positive pole and the positive pole, and the second capacitor group 62 is electrically connected between the transmission negative pole and the negative pole.

[0111] In the above solution, a first capacitor group 61 and a second capacitor group 62 are provided at both the positive and negative ends between the pole 31 and the carrier communication unit 40 , which can further reduce the influence of interference signals and improve the accuracy of the obtained battery monitoring parameters.

[0112] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG8 , the first capacitor group 61 includes at least one filter capacitor electrically connected to each other; and the second capacitor group 62 includes at least one filter capacitor electrically connected to each other.

[0113] The use of filter capacitors can take advantage of their characteristics of "passing AC, blocking DC, passing high frequencies, blocking low frequencies" to couple signals while avoiding short circuits. In other embodiments, the number of filter capacitors can be set based on filtering requirements.

[0114] In some embodiments, the carrier communication unit 40 is further configured to receive the second carrier signal input via the pole 31 , convert the received signal into a control signal, and control the sensor assembly to collect monitoring parameters in response to the control signal.

[0115] For example, the carrier communication unit 40 converts the second carrier signal of the control battery parameter collection type input through the pole 31 into a control signal. The carrier communication unit 40 can parse the signal. If the control signal is to collect voltage parameters, the control sensor component 50 collects the voltage parameters of the battery cell 20. If the control signal is to collect temperature parameters, the control sensor component 50 collects the temperature parameters of the battery cell 20.

[0116] In the above solution, the carrier communication unit 40 can convert the second carrier signal input through the pole into a control signal to control the processor, and can accurately obtain the battery parameters inside the battery cell based on demand.

[0117] In some embodiments, the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 are disposed on a circuit board. That is, in this embodiment, the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 are integrated on the same circuit board.

[0118] In the above solution, integrating the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 on the same circuit board can improve the integration of the battery cell 20 and is conducive to the miniaturization of the battery cell 20.

[0119] In other embodiments, the sensor assembly 50 and the carrier communication unit 40 may also be separately provided, and the separate provision can utilize the internal space utilization of the battery cell 20 .

[0120] In some embodiments, the circuit board is provided with multiple interfaces for electrically connecting to the sensor assembly 50 , and the multiple interfaces include at least one of UART, IIC, GPIO, and SPI.

[0121] Each interface can be connected to a corresponding sensor assembly 50 , and setting different interfaces can expand different types of sensors based on needs in the future to obtain different monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20 .

[0122] Based on the above embodiments, the present application further proposes a battery status monitoring method, which is applied to the electrical equipment of the above embodiments. Please refer to Figure 9, which is a flow chart of an embodiment of the battery status monitoring method of the present application. As shown in Figure 9, the battery status monitoring method of this embodiment includes steps S101 to S103:

[0123] Step S101: Acquire monitoring parameters in the battery that meet preset requirements, generate parameter messages based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and convert the parameter messages into a first carrier signal through the physical layer and load it onto the power supply bus.

[0124] The carrier communication unit in the battery cell obtains monitoring parameters in the battery that meet preset requirements, generates parameter messages based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and converts the parameter messages into a first carrier signal through the physical layer and loads it onto the power supply bus.

[0125] Step S102: Send the first carrier signal to the carrier communication gateway through the power supply bus. The carrier communication gateway receives the first carrier signal and converts it into a monitoring parameter.

[0126] The battery is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway via the power supply bus, and sends the first carrier signal to the carrier communication gateway via the power supply bus. The carrier communication gateway receives the first carrier signal and converts it into a monitoring parameter.

[0127] Step S103: Send the monitoring parameters outward through the carrier communication gateway.

[0128] The carrier communication gateway is connected to the battery management module through the Internet of Things gateway and sends the monitoring parameters obtained by parsing and converting to the outside. If the carrier communication gateway is connected to the battery management module, the monitoring parameters obtained by parsing and converting are sent to the battery management module, and the battery management module manages the battery based on the battery monitoring parameters.

[0129] In some embodiments, based on the above-mentioned embodiment of the battery status monitoring method, step S101 further includes: the carrier communication unit is further configured to generate a parameter message using the destination node address, the local node address and the monitoring parameters through the link layer in accordance with a preset message format.

[0130] The carrier communication unit's link layer functions as addressing and control. During data transmission, the carrier communication unit's link layer generates a parameter message using the destination node address, local node address, and monitoring parameters in a pre-set message format. The destination node address in the parameter message ensures that the battery cell monitoring parameters are received by the correct external device. The parameter message also includes the local node address. Once the external device receives and parses the parameter message, it can confirm the source of the battery cell monitoring parameters.

[0131] Specifically, the carrier communication unit is used to add a header and a trailer to the monitoring parameters according to a preset message format through the link layer, and add the destination node address and the local node position to the header, thereby generating a parameter message.

[0132] As previously described, after acquiring the monitoring parameters of the battery cell 20 collected by the sensor assembly, the carrier communication unit needs to generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters, the destination node address, and the local node address. To ensure safer and more efficient transmission of the battery cell monitoring parameters, in this embodiment, the destination node address and local node location are added to the header according to a preset message format to generate the parameter message. If the node address of the receiving device is inconsistent with the destination node address, the parameter message cannot be accepted and will be discarded. Only the target device corresponding to the destination node address can accept and process the parameter message.

[0133] In some embodiments, in step S101 , the carrier communication unit is further configured to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through a physical layer.

[0134] The physical layer represents the actual physical link. The physical layer establishes a link between the two ends of a communication using a physical transmission medium, such as a copper wire, optical cable, or wireless channel, to transmit the bit stream and ensure the correct transmission of the bit stream to the other end. In this embodiment, the carrier communication unit converts the parameter message described above into a first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through its own physical layer and loads it onto the power bus through the pole.

[0135] In some embodiments, in step S101, the carrier communication unit is configured to convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal of a preset frequency through the physical layer; the preset frequency is set to 700 kHz to 12 MHz. In other embodiments, the preset frequency of the first carrier signal can also be set to 800 kHz to 10 MHz.

[0136] In this embodiment, setting the preset frequency to 700KHz to 12MHz can avoid interference frequency bands generated by other devices, etc., and has strong anti-interference capabilities. In other embodiments, the preset frequency can also be set based on actual conditions. Furthermore, if the preset frequency is set to 800KHz to 10MHz, the impact of external interference frequency bands on the carrier communication unit can be further reduced, thereby improving the anti-interference capability of the first carrier signal.

[0137] In the above solution, the battery cells of this embodiment can actively upload monitoring parameters when they meet preset requirements, thereby reducing the possibility of accidents caused by battery problems and improving the monitoring efficiency of battery cells.

[0138] The above are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery cell, wherein, Comprising: A battery body, provided with a pole column penetrating from the inside of the battery body to the outside of the battery body, and the pole column is used to provide a power supply current for an external load; A carrier communication unit and a sensor assembly, the sensor assembly and the carrier communication unit are electrically connected, and the carrier communication unit is electrically connected to the pole column; Wherein, the sensor assembly is used to collect monitoring parameters of the battery cell; the carrier communication unit includes a physical layer and a link layer, the carrier communication unit is used to receive the monitoring parameters, generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer, and load the first carrier signal on the pole column to be transmitted to a power supply bus.

2. The battery cell according to claim 1, wherein, The sensor assembly and the carrier communication unit are arranged inside the battery body, and the carrier communication unit is electrically connected to the pole column inside the battery body.

3. The battery cell according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The carrier communication unit, in response to the monitoring parameters meeting a preset requirement, actively generates the parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, converts the parameter message into the first carrier signal through the physical layer, and actively loads the first carrier signal on the pole column to be transmitted to the power supply bus.

4. The battery cell according to claim 3, wherein, The monitoring parameters include temperature value, air pressure value, gas concentration, magnetic field, voltage, current, stress, impedance, and chemical state of the electrolyte. The carrier communication unit is used to determine whether the monitoring parameters are greater than or equal to a preset parameter threshold. If so, it is determined that the monitoring parameters meet the preset requirement.

5. The battery cell according to claim 4, wherein, The sensor assembly may include at least one or any combination of a temperature sensor, an air pressure sensor, a gas sensor, a magnetic field intensity sensor, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a stress sensor, an impedance sensor, and an electrochemical sensor.

6. The battery cell according to any one of claims 3-5, wherein, The carrier communication unit includes a carrier communication module and a processor, and the processor is coupled to the carrier communication module; The carrier communication module is provided with the physical layer and the link layer; The processor is used to, in response to the monitoring parameters meeting the preset requirement, control the carrier communication module to generate the parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer and convert the parameter message into the first carrier signal through the physical layer.

7. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The carrier communication unit is used to generate the parameter message through the link layer according to a preset message format using a destination node address, a local node address, and the monitoring parameters.

8. The battery cell according to claim 7, wherein, The carrier communication unit is used to add a header and a footer to the monitoring parameters through the link layer according to the preset message format, and add the destination node address and the local node location to the header, thereby generating the parameter message.

9. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The carrier communication unit is configured to convert the parameter message into the first carrier signal in the form of a bit stream through the physical layer; or The carrier communication unit is configured to convert the parameter message into the first carrier signal with a preset frequency through the physical layer; the preset frequency is set to 700KHz - 12MHz.

10. The battery cell according to claim 9, wherein, The preset frequency is further set to 800KHz - 10MHz.

11. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 - 10, wherein The battery cell further includes a filtering component, which is respectively connected to the carrier communication unit and the terminal post, and is configured to perform filtering processing on the first carrier signal.

12. The battery cell according to claim 11, wherein The terminal post includes a positive terminal post and a negative terminal post, and the carrier communication unit includes a transmission positive terminal, a transmission negative terminal, a power supply positive terminal, and a power supply negative terminal; the power supply positive terminal and the power supply negative terminal are respectively electrically connected to the positive terminal post and the negative terminal post to supply power to the carrier communication unit and the sensor component through the positive terminal post and the negative terminal post; the filtering component includes a first capacitor bank and a second capacitor bank, the first capacitor bank is electrically connected between the transmission positive terminal and the positive terminal post, and the second capacitor bank is electrically connected between the transmission negative terminal and the negative terminal post.

13. The battery cell according to claim 12, wherein The first capacitor bank includes at least one filtering capacitor electrically connected to each other; the second capacitor bank includes at least one filtering capacitor electrically connected to each other.

14. The battery cell according to any one of claims 1 - 13, wherein The carrier communication unit is further configured to receive the second carrier signal input through the terminal post, convert it into a control signal, and control the sensor component to collect the monitoring parameters in response to the control signal.

15. A battery, wherein, Comprising a plurality of battery units, each battery unit includes at least one battery cell according to any one of claims 1 - 14; wherein, the plurality of battery units are electrically connected; each battery unit serves as a node, and the carrier communication unit in each battery unit is configured with a corresponding node address.

16. An electrical device, wherein, Comprising the battery and the carrier communication gateway according to claim 15, the carrier communication gateway is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and the carrier communication gateway converts the first carrier signal to obtain the monitoring parameters.

17. The electrical device according to claim 16, wherein, The electrical device includes a battery management module, and the battery management module is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway.

18. The electrical device according to claim 17, wherein, Further comprising: an Internet of Things gateway, the Internet of Things gateway is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway; Wherein, the Internet of Things gateway is communicatively connected to the cloud; and / or, the electrical device includes a battery management module, and the battery management module is communicatively connected to the Internet of Things gateway.

19. The electrical device according to claim 16, wherein, The electrical device includes a processing module, and the processing module is communicatively connected to the carrier communication gateway.

20. A battery state monitoring method, wherein, Applied to the electrical device according to any one of claims 16 - 19, the battery state monitoring method includes: Obtain the monitoring parameters in the battery that meet the preset requirements, generate a parameter message based on the monitoring parameters through the link layer, and convert the parameter message into a first carrier signal through the physical layer and load it onto the power supply bus; Send the first carrier signal to the carrier communication gateway through the power supply bus, and the carrier communication gateway receives the first carrier signal and converts it into the monitoring parameters; Send the monitoring parameters out through the carrier communication gateway.

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