Lead removal and sterilization filter element, and drinking water apparatus

Abstract

The present utility model relates to the technical field of drinking water filtration. A lead removal and sterilization filter element and a drinking water apparatus. The filter element comprises: a filter element housing. The filter element housing is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet. A filtration space is communicated with the water inlet and the water outlet. An activated carbon structure layer, a cation exchange fiber layer and an electrocrystal film filtering structure layer are arranged in the filtration space. The drinking water apparatus comprises the lead removal and sterilization filter element. In the present application, by means of an adsorption combination of three parts: activated carbon adsorption, cation exchange fiber exchange adsorption and electrocrystal film adsorption, effective adsorption and removal of lead ions, bacteria, microorganisms and organic matters is achieved. The filtered drinking water can meet NSF drinking water safety and health standards. The solution has beneficial technical effects, and achieves the advantages of low use cost, no need of external power supply and wide application scenarios, and makes certain progress.

Description

Lead removal and sterilization filter element and drinking water device Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water filtration, in particular to drinking water filter element technology. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industry, agriculture, and the socio-economic landscape, large quantities of industrial wastewater, fertilizers, pesticides, domestic sewage, and surface runoff are discharged into natural water bodies, causing urban drinking water sources to become increasingly contaminated, becoming micro-polluted. In particular, the presence of heavy metals, various organic pollutants, viruses, and bacteria in source water significantly increases the risk of disinfection byproducts and pathogenic microorganisms in drinking water. Lead ions are particularly harmful. Urban tap water pipes are often made of lead-containing metal pipes. The use of chlorine as a sterilizing disinfectant by water plants accelerates the corrosion and aging of lead-containing pipes. Long-term consumption of lead-contaminated water hinders the excretion of lead, which accumulates in the body over time and can lead to hypertension, heart disease, kidney problems, and immune system disorders. Currently, most urban water plants still use the traditional process of raw water coagulation-sedimentation-filtration-disinfection. This process is ineffective at removing lead ions and viruses, which are smaller than protozoa and bacteria, resulting in issues with the lead ion content and microbial safety of the effluent. In the field of water filtration technology, microfiltration and ultrafiltration water treatment processes are not effective in treating lead and cannot effectively remove lead; reverse osmosis and nanofiltration water treatment processes are cumbersome to use, waste water and electricity, and are costly. The discharged concentrated liquid is difficult to handle and can easily cause secondary pollution; and the precipitation method also has the problem of difficult treatment.

[0003] Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a lead-removing and sterilizing filter element and a drinking water device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] A lead and sterilization filter element includes a filter element housing having a water inlet and a water outlet, and a filtration space connected to the water inlet and the water outlet. The characteristic is that the filtration space is sequentially provided with: an activated carbon structure layer, a cation exchange fiber layer and an electrocrystalline membrane filtration structure layer from the water inlet to the water outlet.

[0007] Activated carbon is a commonly used filter material, which is made from carbon-containing materials such as nature, coal, and fruit shells (cores) through chemical or physical activation. It has a large number of micropores and specific surface area. The specific surface area of ​​ordinary activated carbon is 500 to 1700 m 2 / g, thus having a strong adsorption capacity and being able to effectively adsorb organic pollutants in water. In addition, during the activation process, some oxygen-containing functional groups are formed on the non-crystalline parts of the activated carbon surface. These groups give the activated carbon chemical adsorption and catalytic oxidation and reduction properties, which can effectively remove some metal ions in water.

[0008] Furthermore, the activated carbon structural layer adopts an activated carbon particle layer; the activated carbon structural layer is sealed with a water filter material layer above, and the water filter material layer is called a pre-filter layer; the activated carbon structural layer is sealed with a water filter material layer below, and the water filter material layer is called a post-filter layer; the activated carbon particle layer is filled in a filter element shell.

[0009] Further preferably, the front filter layer adopts PP cotton with a minimum filtration of 5 μm; the rear filter layer adopts one of PP cotton and sodium metasilicate ceramic with a minimum filtration of 1 μm to 0.5 μm.

[0010] The activated carbon layer utilizes a mixture of granules and powder. This relatively loose structure increases the filtration distance without clogging, improving adsorption quality. A pre-filter layer precedes the activated carbon layer to filter out large impurities, preventing them from extending the lifespan of the activated carbon particles. A post-filter layer follows the activated carbon particles to remove any loose, fine activated carbon powder, addressing the issue of darkened water.

[0011] More preferably, the activated carbon particles are mixed with granules and powder, which is called an activated carbon mixture. The gaps between the granular activated carbon are filled with powdered activated carbon. The mass ratio of the granular activated carbon to the powdered activated carbon is between 1:3 and 1:5. The activated carbon mixture is passed through 5kg / cm 2 Above, 20kg / cm 2 The following pressure is applied to fill the filter into a tube body after compaction, and the tube body is assembled into the filter element housing.

[0012] Due to the large gaps between activated carbon particles, the activated carbon and water flow are not in sufficient contact, which affects filtration. In this patent, activated carbon particles and activated carbon powder are mixed and compacted, and the pressure is limited to 20kg / cm 2 It can avoid excessive pressure causing the activated carbon particles and powder to be too dense, thus solving the problem of insufficient contact between activated carbon and water flow, which affects filtration.

[0013] The pressure refers to the compression pressure used in the process of encapsulating the activated carbon particles into the accommodation space. Because the activated carbon particles are not very elastic, the front filter layer and the rear filter layer can be sealed after compression.

[0014] Furthermore, the cation exchange fibers in the cation exchange fiber layer are short fiber structures; the cation exchange fibers are selected to have a fineness of 1.2 dtex, a fiber length of 38 mm, and a specific surface area of ​​60 m 2 / g, the specific surface area of ​​cation exchange fiber is greater than or equal to 63m 2 / g, cation exchange fiber of this specification.

[0015] During the water purification process, cation exchange fiber plays an excellent role in removing heavy metal ions, fluoride, nitrate and other substances in water through adsorption, exchange, filtration and other structures.

[0016] Furthermore, the crystal membrane filtration structure layer is arranged below the filtration space, and is surrounded by a crystal membrane to form a hollow tube, called a crystal membrane tube. The crystal membrane tube and the inner wall of the filter element housing are provided with a gap greater than 0.3mm and less than 1.5mm; a water path is provided in the filtration space, which allows water to enter from the outer wall of the crystal membrane tube, pass through the inner wall of the crystal membrane tube to the hollow part of the crystal membrane tube, and then flow downward from the hollow part of the crystal membrane tube.

[0017] When the electrocrystalline membrane is immersed in water, an "electric film" forms on its surface. The mineral crystal structure attached to the fiber surface can generate a natural AL+++ electromotive force, forming a positive voltage of 53 microvolts. Just like the north and south poles of a magnet, they generate attraction when they approach each other. The electrocrystalline membrane absorbs organic, inorganic, and pathogenic pollutants through electric charge. The positive charge not only directly inhibits the growth of viruses and bacteria, but also has the ability to actively capture and superimpose adsorption. When harmful substances in the water approach the electrocrystalline membrane, they are actively adsorbed. These adsorbed impurities, through the action of electric charge conduction, become new adsorbents that expand outward, further filtering harmful substances in the water. Therefore, the electrocrystalline membrane has the dual advantages of high flux (2 micron pore size) and high removal capacity.

[0018] It is further preferred that there is an upper cover above the transistor membrane tube and a lower cover below the transistor membrane tube, and the upper cover and the lower cover are glued and fixed at both ends of the transistor membrane tube; the upper cover has no water inlet in the central part, and has several water inlets around it. After being glued to the transistor membrane tube, the hollow part of the transistor membrane tube is closed by the upper cover; the lower cover has a lower cover water outlet in the center. After being glued to the transistor membrane tube, the hollow part of the transistor membrane tube is connected to the lower cover water outlet. The diameter of the lower cover water outlet is smaller than the diameter of the hollow part, and the lower cover water outlet is connected to the water outlet of the filter element housing.

[0019] After the upper cover closes the hollow part of the transistor membrane tube, the water to be filtered first enters from the periphery, passes through the outer and inner walls of the transistor membrane and enters the hollow part. This process completes the adsorption of impurities, and the filtered water flows out from the hollow part.

[0020] The water outlet of the lower cover is connected to the hollow part of the transistor membrane tube, allowing only the water after adsorption and filtration to flow out from the hollow part, while the unadsorbed and unfiltered water to be treated cannot flow out through the lower cover.

[0021] Further preferably, the water outlet of the filter element housing opens at the center and has a diameter controlled at 2-3 mm.

[0022] The diameter of the water outlet opening of the filter element shell can keep the flow rate of the water to be treated within a certain range, so that the water to be treated has sufficient adsorption time between the activated carbon, cation exchange fiber and crystal membrane in the filter element.

[0023] The present application also provides a drinking water device, comprising the lead-removing and sterilizing filter element as described above. Furthermore, the lead-removing and sterilizing filter element is detachably mounted in a housing of the drinking water device.

[0024] The size of lead ions in water is usually 0.5nm. Those skilled in the art generally believe that only by increasing the filtration accuracy as much as possible can lead ions, bacteria, microorganisms and organic matter be filtered out, such as nanofiltration membranes with a filtration accuracy of 1-0.1nm or reverse osmosis membranes with a filtration accuracy of 0.1nm.

[0025] However, the inventors of the present invention overcame the prejudices of the existing technology, abandoned the physical pore filtration scheme, and adopted an adsorption scheme. Through the triple adsorption combination of activated carbon adsorption, cation exchange fiber exchange adsorption and electrocrystalline membrane adsorption, the effective adsorption and removal of lead ions, bacteria, microorganisms and organic matter were achieved. The filtered drinking water can meet the NSF drinking water safety and health standards, and beneficial technical effects have been achieved. It also has the advantages of low cost, no need for external power supply, and a wide range of usage scenarios, which is a certain progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] FIG1 is a perspective view of a filter element housing;

[0027] Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the filter housing;

[0028] FIG3 is a structural diagram of the filling layer in the filter element housing;

[0029] FIG4 is a structural diagram of an activated carbon layer;

[0030] FIG5 is a diagram showing the structure of a transistor film.

[0031] Explanation of Reference Symbols 1 Filter element housing 11 Water inlet 12 Water outlet 2 Filtration space 3 Activated carbon structure layer 31 Plastic filter cover 32 Pre-filtration layer 33 Activated carbon particles 34 Post-filtration layer 4 Cation exchange fiber layer 5 Crystal membrane filtration structure layer 51 Upper cover 52 Crystal membrane tube 53 Lower cover DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the technical means, specific structure, purpose and effect achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, a lead removal and sterilization filter element includes a filter element housing 1, which has a water inlet 11 and a water outlet 12, and a filtration space 2 connected to the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12. The filtration space 2, from the water inlet 11 to the water outlet 12, is sequentially provided with: an activated carbon structure layer 3, a cation exchange fiber layer 4 and an electrocrystalline membrane filtration structure layer 5.

[0034] As shown in Figure 1, the water inlet 11 is opened on the convex cover of the filter element housing 1, which is an annular water-permeable groove on the top surface of the convex cover and a fence-type water grid on the side wall. The water inlet method of the annular water-permeable groove and the fence-type water grid can prevent the water flow from directly flushing the activated carbon structure layer 3, causing the adsorbed impurities to be separated.

[0035] As shown in Figure 4, the activated carbon structural layer 3 adopts an activated carbon granular layer; the activated carbon structural layer 3 is sealed with a water filtering material layer above, and the water filtering material layer is called a pre-filter layer 32; the activated carbon structural layer 3 is sealed with a water filtering material layer below, and the water filtering material layer is called a post-filter layer 34; the activated carbon granular layer is filled in a filter element housing 1.

[0036] The activated carbon particles can be made of silver-loaded activated carbon material, or other auxiliary filtering materials can be added.

[0037] Activated carbon rods are a commonly used activated carbon filtration device, but because their structure is relatively dense, the water filtration distance during use cannot be too long, so they are generally made into hollow tubular structures in production. However, this single structure has limitations in use; secondly, due to the short water filtration distance, it is difficult to exert adsorption effects, so the adsorption effect is poor.

[0038] In this embodiment, encapsulated activated carbon particles are used to reduce the density of the activated carbon particles, thereby increasing the water filtration stroke and more effectively improving the adsorption effect.

[0039] The front filter layer 32 is made of PP cotton with a minimum filtration of 5 μm; the rear filter layer 34 is made of one of PP cotton and sodium metasilicate ceramic with a minimum filtration of 1 μm to 0.5 μm.

[0040] The pre-filter layer 32 preferentially filters large impurities in the water, such as sediment, rust, and insect eggs, with a diameter of 5 μm or greater, thereby extending the service life of the activated carbon particles. A PP cotton filter, ceramic filter, or replacement resin filter can be used as the pre-filter for the activated carbon structure layer 3.

[0041] Post-filtration layer 34 further filters particles and foreign matter with diameters between 1 and 5 μm. Its primary function is to remove scattered, tiny activated carbon powder and prevent the effluent from turning black. A PP cotton filter, ceramic filter, or replacement resin filter can be used as a post-filtration device for activated carbon layer 3.

[0042] The plastic filter cover 31 may also be used to compact the front filter layer 32 and the rear filter layer 34 to ensure the compaction density of the filled activated carbon particles.

[0043] Furthermore, the activated carbon particles are mixed with granules and powder, which is called an activated carbon mixture. The gaps between the granular activated carbon are filled with powdered activated carbon. The mass ratio of the granular activated carbon to the powdered activated carbon is between 1:3 and 1:5. The activated carbon mixture is subjected to 5kg / cm 2 Above, 20kg / cm 2 The water is then compacted under the following pressure and filled into a tube body, which is then assembled into the filter element housing. The tube body can be a watertight plastic tube for guiding water flow.

[0044] Due to the large gaps between the activated carbon particles, the activated carbon and the water flow are not in sufficient contact, which affects the filtration. In this embodiment, the activated carbon particles and activated carbon powder are mixed and compacted, and the pressure is limited to 20kg / cm 2 It can avoid excessive pressure causing the activated carbon particles and powder to be too dense, thus solving the problem of insufficient contact between activated carbon and water flow, which affects filtration.

[0045] The pressure refers to the compression pressure used in the process of encapsulating the activated carbon particles into the accommodation space. Since the activated carbon particles are not very elastic, the pre-filter layer 32 and the post-filter layer 34 can be sealed after the activated carbon particles are compressed.

[0046] As shown in FIG3 , the cation exchange fibers in the cation exchange fiber layer 4 are short fiber structures; the cation exchange fibers are selected to have a fineness of 1.2 dtex, a fiber length of 38 mm, and a specific surface area of ​​60 m or more. 2 / g, the specific surface area of ​​cation exchange fiber is greater than or equal to 63m 2 / g, cation exchange fiber of this specification.

[0047] During the water purification process, cation exchange fiber plays an excellent role in removing heavy metal ions, fluoride, nitrate and other substances in water through adsorption, exchange, filtration and other structures.

[0048] As shown in Figure 5, the crystal membrane filtration structure layer 5 is arranged below the filtration space 2, and is surrounded by a crystal membrane into a hollow tube, called a crystal membrane tube 52. The crystal membrane tube 52 and the inner wall of the filter element housing 1 are provided with a gap greater than 0.3mm and less than 1.5mm; a water path is provided in the filtration space 2, which allows water to enter from the outer wall of the crystal membrane tube 52, pass through the inner wall of the crystal membrane tube 52 to the hollow part of the crystal membrane tube 52, and then flow downward from the hollow part of the crystal membrane tube 52.

[0049] Crystalline membranes are a filter material based on a glass fiber substrate with positively charged mineral crystals attached to the surface. They offer high filtration capacity, low pressure drop, and a large specific surface area. They are also a water purification material with active adsorption capabilities. When immersed in water, a "film" forms on the membrane's surface. The mineral crystals attached to the fiber surface generate a natural AL+++ electromotive force, creating a positive voltage of 53 microvolts. Much like the north and south poles of a magnet, their proximity creates an attractive force. Crystalline membranes use their charge to attract organic, inorganic, and pathogenic pollutants, removing polysaccharides and colloids. Their positive charge not only directly inhibits the growth of viruses and bacteria but also possesses the ability to actively capture and superimpose adsorption. When harmful substances in the water approach the membrane, they are actively adsorbed. These adsorbed impurities, through charge conduction, become new adsorbents that expand outward, further filtering out harmful substances. Therefore, crystalline membranes offer the dual advantages of high flux (2-micron pore size) and high removal capacity.

[0050] It is further preferred that there is an upper cover 51 above the transistor membrane tube 52 and a lower cover 53 below the transistor membrane tube 52, and the upper cover 51 and the lower cover 53 are glued and fixed at both ends of the transistor membrane tube 52; the upper cover 51 has no water inlet in the central part, and has several water inlets on the periphery. After being glued to the transistor membrane tube 52, the hollow part of the transistor membrane tube 52 is closed by the upper cover 51; the lower cover 53 has a lower cover water outlet in the center. After being glued to the transistor membrane tube 52, the hollow part of the transistor membrane tube 52 is connected to the lower cover water outlet. The diameter of the lower cover water outlet is smaller than the diameter of the hollow part, and the lower cover water outlet is connected to the water outlet 12 of the filter element housing 1.

[0051] After the upper cover 51 closes the hollow part of the transistor membrane tube 52, the water to be filtered first enters from the periphery, passes through the outer and inner walls of the transistor membrane tube 52, and then enters the hollow part. This process completes the adsorption of impurities, and the filtered water flows out from the hollow part.

[0052] The water outlet of the lower cover is connected to the hollow part of the transistor membrane tube 52, allowing only the water after adsorption and filtration to flow out from the hollow part, while the unadsorbed and unfiltered water to be treated cannot flow out through the lower cover 53.

[0053] Further preferably, the water outlet 12 of the filter element housing 1 opens at the center and has a diameter controlled at 2-3 mm.

[0054] The opening diameter of the water outlet 12 of the filter element housing 1 can control the flow rate of the water to be treated within a certain range, allowing the water to be treated to have sufficient adsorption time between the activated carbon particles, cation exchange fibers and the membrane wall in the filter element of this embodiment.

[0055] The present application also proposes a drinking water device, comprising the lead-removing and sterilizing filter element as described above, wherein the lead-removing and sterilizing filter element is detachably mounted within the drinking water device. When the lead-removing and sterilizing filter element needs to be replaced, it can be replaced in the detachable manner, which is relatively convenient.

[0056] In this embodiment, the drinking water device includes but is not limited to water filter kettles, coffee machines, water purifiers and other products.

[0057] The above shows and describes the technical solution and ideas, main features and advantages of the present invention.

[0058] Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and improvements may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and improvements are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lead-removing and bacteria-removing filter element, comprising a filter element housing having a water inlet and a water outlet, and a filtration space communicating with the water inlet and the water outlet, characterized in that: In the filtration space, from the water inlet to the water outlet, there are successively arranged: an activated carbon structure layer, a cation exchange fiber layer, and an electrocrystalline membrane filtration structure layer.

2. The lead-removing and bacteria-removing filter element according to claim 1, wherein: The activated carbon structure layer adopts an activated carbon particle layer; The upper part of the activated carbon structure layer is sealed with a water filtration material layer, and the water filtration material layer is called a pre-filter layer; The lower part of the activated carbon structure layer is sealed with a water filtration material layer, and this water filtration material layer is called a post-filter layer; The activated carbon particle layer is filled in a filter element housing.

3. The lead-removing and bacteria-removing filter element according to claim 2, wherein: The pre-filter layer adopts PP cotton with a minimum filtration of 5 μm; the post-filter layer adopts one of PP cotton with a minimum filtration of 1 μm to 0.5 μm and sodium metasilicate ceramics.

4. The lead-removing and bacteria-removing filter element according to claim 2, wherein: The activated carbon particles are a mixture of particles and powder, called an activated carbon mixture. The gaps between the granular activated carbon are filled with powdered activated carbon, and the mass ratio of the granular activated carbon to the powdered activated carbon is between one to three and one to five; the activated carbon mixture is compacted under a pressure of more than 5 kg / cm 2 above and 20 kg / cm 2 below and then filled into a tube body, and the tube body is assembled in a filter element housing.

5. The lead-removing and bacteria-removing filter element according to claim 1, wherein: The cation exchange fibers in the cation exchange fiber layer are in a short fiber structure; Selection of cation exchange fiber: fineness is 1.2 dtex, fiber length is 38 mm, specific surface area of ion exchange fiber is greater than or equal to 60 m 2 / g, specific surface area of cation exchange fiber is greater than or equal to 63 m 2 / g, cation exchange fiber of this specification.

6. The lead-removing and bacteria-removing filter element according to claim 1, wherein: The electrocrystalline membrane filtration structure layer is arranged below the filtration space. There is an electrocrystalline membrane surrounding to form a hollow tubular shape, called an electrocrystalline membrane tube. There is a gap greater than 0.3 mm and less than 1.5 mm between the electrocrystalline membrane tube and the inner wall of the filter element housing; In the filtration space, there is a water path that enters from the outer wall of the electrocrystalline membrane tube, passes through the inner wall of the electrocrystalline membrane tube to the hollow part of the electrocrystalline membrane tube, and then flows downward from the hollow part of the electrocrystalline membrane tube.

7. The lead-removing and bacteria-removing filter element according to claim 6, wherein: There is an upper cover above the electrocrystalline membrane tube and a lower cover below the electrocrystalline membrane tube. The two ends of the electrocrystalline membrane tube are adhesively fixed to the upper cover and the lower cover; The upper cover does not have a water inlet at the central part, but has several water inlets at the periphery. After being adhesively bonded to the electrocrystalline membrane tube, the hollow part of the electrocrystalline membrane tube is sealed by the upper cover; The lower cover has a lower cover water outlet at the center. After being adhesively bonded to the electrocrystalline membrane tube, the hollow part of the electrocrystalline membrane tube is communicated with the lower cover water outlet. The diameter of the lower cover water outlet is smaller than the diameter of the hollow part, and the lower cover water outlet is communicated with the water outlet of the filter element housing.

8. The lead-removing and bacteria-removing filter element according to claim 1, wherein: The water outlet of the filter element housing is opened at the center, and the diameter is controlled within 2 - 3 mm.

9. A drinking water device, characterized in that, It includes the lead-removing and bacteria-removing filter element according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. The drinking water device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The lead-removing and bacteria-removing filter element is detachably installed in the housing of a drinking water device.

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