External combustor engine

Abstract

An external combustor engine, comprising a fuel feeder, an auxiliary fuel feeder, a combustor (2), a pneumatic motor (1), a heat exchanger (3), a heat pump (6), a control valve (4) and a thermally insulating shell (7). The combustor (2) fully mixes fuel and auxiliary fuel for combustion, and the control valve (4) can control the start time, duration and the volume of gas entering the pneumatic motor (1), such that the gas pressure inside a cylinder approaches the external gas pressure at the end of a working stroke. The heat exchanger (3) uses tail gas and heat, which is emitted from the body of the engine, to heat the fuel or the auxiliary fuel, and the heat pump (6) further heats the fuel or the auxiliary fuel.

Description

External burner engine Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an engine. Background Art

[0002] Today's engines are not very efficient, and a large amount of heat energy is discharged with the exhaust gas. There is also a lot of pressure when the exhaust gas is discharged, and some heat energy is lost in the cooling system. In addition, the fuel combustion in today's engines occurs in a very short time, without sufficient mixing and combustion, resulting in a lot of particulate combustion products, wasting fuel, and polluting the atmosphere after discharge. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to improve engine efficiency, ensure full combustion of fuel, and reduce air pollution, this external burner engine was invented. The present invention uses an external burner to fully mix the fuel and the auxiliary fuel. The fuel and the auxiliary fuel are fully mixed in the burner so that they are fully burned. Part of the fuel can also be premixed, using a low ratio and a lean mixture. A control valve is used to control the time, duration, and size of the gas entering the pneumatic engine so that the cylinder pressure approaches or is equal to the external pressure at the end of the power stroke, thereby fully utilizing the gas pressure. A heat exchanger is used to heat the fuel and / or auxiliary fuel with the heat emitted by the exhaust gas and the engine body. A heat pump is further used to increase the heat of the engine cooling fluid, the heat exchanger, and the heat pump outlet fluid. The heat pump is directly used to heat the fuel and / or auxiliary fuel, or a heat exchanger or heat pump is connected to heat the fuel and / or auxiliary fuel.

[0004] The invention comprises a fuel supplier, an auxiliary fuel supplier, a burner, an air motor, a heat exchanger, a heat pump, a controller and a heat insulation shell.

[0005] The fuel supplier and the co-fuel supplier provide fuel and co-fuel or premix to the engine.

[0006] The burner comprises a burner feed port and a burner gas outlet, burns fuel and auxiliary fuel, provides kinetic energy gas for the pneumatic motor, and can also premix part of the fuel and auxiliary fuel.

[0007] The pneumatic motor includes an air inlet and an air outlet. The pneumatic motor is a device that converts the kinetic energy of gas pressure into mechanical energy, such as a cylinder, a pneumatic motor, or an engine cylinder.

[0008] The heat exchanger includes at least one cold flow inlet of the heat exchanger, at least one cold flow outlet of the heat exchanger, at least one hot flow inlet of the heat exchanger, and at least one hot flow outlet of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger transfers heat from the hot flow entering from the hot flow inlet of the heat exchanger and exiting from the hot flow outlet of the heat exchanger to the cold flow entering from the cold flow inlet of the heat exchanger and exiting from the cold flow outlet of the heat exchanger.

[0009] The heat pump includes at least one heat pump hot flow inlet, at least one heat pump cold flow outlet, and may have one heat pump cold flow inlet and one heat pump hot flow outlet. The heat pump is a device that transfers heat energy of a low-level thermal energy fluid that enters the heat pump cold flow inlet and exits the heat pump cold flow outlet to a high-level thermal energy fluid that enters the heat pump hot flow inlet and exits the heat pump hot flow outlet.

[0010] The control valve includes a control valve fluid inlet and a control valve fluid outlet. The control valve controls fluid to enter the pneumatic motor at the beginning of the pneumatic motor's power stroke. When the amount of gas entering the pneumatic motor approaches the pneumatic motor volume at which the pressure inside the pneumatic motor equals the external pressure, the air inlet is closed. At the end of the pneumatic motor's power stroke, the air pressure inside the cylinder approaches the external pressure of the pneumatic motor, at which point the gas pressure is fully utilized. When gas enters the pneumatic motor and the power stroke of the pneumatic motor ends, the control valve closes the air inlet, at which point the pneumatic motor generates maximum power.

[0011] The external burner engine, burner, pneumatic motor, heat exchanger, and heat pump can have an insulation shell with an insulation shell air inlet and an insulation shell air outlet. The cold fluid entering from the insulation shell air inlet cools the device.

[0012] The heat exchanger's cold flow inlet is connected to a fuel supplier and / or a co-fuel supplier, or a heat pump hot flow outlet, or another heat exchanger's cold flow outlet, or another heat exchanger's hot flow outlet. The heat exchanger's cold flow outlet is connected to a burner's feed inlet, or a heat pump's cold flow inlet, or a heat pump's hot flow inlet, or another heat exchanger's cold flow inlet, or another heat exchanger's hot flow inlet. The heat exchanger's hot flow inlet is connected to an air motor outlet, or a heat pump's hot flow outlet, or another heat exchanger's hot flow outlet, or a heat pump's cold flow inlet, or a heat pump's hot flow inlet, or another hot flow inlet. The heat exchanger and heat pump are connected in series or in parallel to transfer heat from the airflow at the air motor outlet and the airflow at the insulation shell's hot flow outlet to the fuel, co-fuel, or premix.

[0013] The air outlet of the pneumatic motor or the cold flow outlet of the heat exchanger, or the hot flow outlet of the heat exchanger, or the cold flow outlet of the heat pump, or the hot flow outlet of the heat pump is connected to the burner, and a reflux pump can be provided in the middle to heat and expand the fluid that has done work or cooled or compressed and re-enter the burner to do work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] FIG1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure Number:

[0016] 1. Pneumatic motor 11. Pneumatic motor air inlet 12. Pneumatic motor air outlet 2. Burner 21. Burner feed inlet 22. Burner air outlet 3. Heat exchanger 31. Heat exchanger cold flow inlet 32. Heat exchanger cold flow outlet 33. Heat exchanger hot flow inlet 34. Heat exchanger hot flow outlet

[0017] 4. Control valve 6. Heat pump 61. Heat pump cold flow inlet 62. Heat pump cold flow outlet 63. Heat pump hot flow inlet 64. Heat pump hot flow outlet 7. Insulation shell 71. Insulation shell cold flow inlet 72. Insulation shell hot flow outlet 01. Fuel inlet 02. Co-fuel inlet

[0018]

[0019] Example 1:

[0020] [Corrected 20.12.2024 in accordance with Article 91] As shown in Figure 1, the external burner engine, the auxiliary fuel enters from the fuel inlet 02, enters the heat exchanger 3 through the heat exchanger cold flow inlet 31, is heated by multiple heat exchangers 3, and exits from the heat exchanger cold flow outlet 32, enters the burner 2 from the burner feed inlet 21, and burns in the burner 2 with the fuel entering from the fuel inlet 01, generating gas out of the burner outlet 22, enters the pneumatic motor 1 from the pneumatic motor inlet 11 through the control valve 4 to perform work, exits from the pneumatic motor outlet 12, and then enters the heat exchanger through the heat exchanger hot flow inlet 33 to heat the auxiliary fuel, exits from the heat exchanger hot flow outlet 34 to enter the insulation shell 7, part of the low-cost heat flow in the insulation shell 7 passes through the heat pump cold flow inlet 61 to superheat the heat pump 6, and another part of the low-cost heat flow in the insulation shell 7 passes through the heat pump hot flow inlet 63 to superheat the heat pump 6 and is heated, and enters the heat exchanger hot flow inlet 33 from the heat pump hot flow outlet 64 to the heat exchanger 3 to heat the auxiliary fuel.

Claims

1. An external combustion engine, comprising a fuel feeder and an auxiliary fuel feeder, characterized in that, It includes one or more burners and one or more gas engines. The burner includes a burner inlet and a burner outlet. The fuel entering from the burner inlet can also be premixed fuel. The gas engine is a device that converts the kinetic energy of gas pressure into mechanical energy, including a cylinder, a pneumatic motor, or an internal combustion engine cylinder that has been modified. The gas engine includes a gas engine inlet and a gas engine outlet. The burner outlet is connected to the gas engine inlet.

2. The external combustion engine according to claim 1, wherein It includes a control valve that controls the start time, duration, and magnitude of the gas entering the gas engine and is connected between the burner and the gas engine.

3. The external combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, It contains one or more heat exchangers. The heat exchanger includes one or more cold fluid inlets, one or more cold fluid outlets, one or more hot fluid inlets, and one or more hot fluid outlets. The heat exchanger transfers the heat of the hot fluid entering from the hot fluid inlet and flowing out from the hot fluid outlet to the cold fluid entering from the cold fluid inlet and flowing out from the cold fluid outlet. The cold fluid inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the fuel supply and / or the auxiliary fuel supply and / or other cold outlets or hot outlets of the heat exchanger. The cold fluid outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the burner inlet or other cold fluid inlets of the heat exchanger. The hot fluid inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the gas engine outlet and / or other hot fluid outlets of the heat exchanger.

4. The external combustion engine according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that, It contains one or more heat pumps. The heat pump includes one or more cold fluid outlets and one or more hot fluid inlets. There may be one or more cold fluid inlets and one or more hot fluid outlets. The heat pump is a device that transfers the thermal energy of a low-temperature heat source fluid to a high-temperature heat source fluid. The cold fluid inlet of the heat pump is connected to the gas engine outlet and / or the hot fluid outlet of the heat exchanger and / or the cold fluid outlet of the heat exchanger and / or other hot fluid outlets of the heat pump. The hot fluid inlet of the heat pump is connected to the fuel supply or the auxiliary fuel supply or the cold fluid outlet of the heat exchanger or the hot fluid outlet of the heat exchanger or other hot fluid outlets of the heat pump. The hot fluid outlet of the heat pump is connected to the hot fluid inlet of the heat exchanger or the cold fluid inlet of the heat exchanger or the burner inlet or other cold fluid inlets of the heat pump.

5. The external combustion engine according to the above-mentioned rights, characterized in that, The gas engine outlet or the cold fluid outlet of the heat exchanger, or the hot fluid outlet of the heat exchanger, or the cold fluid outlet of the heat pump, or the hot fluid outlet of the heat pump is connected to the burner, and a reflux pump can be connected in the middle.

6. The external combustion engine according to the above rights, characterized in that, For the external burner engine, the gas engine, the burner, the heat exchanger, and the heat pump, there is a heat insulation shell. The heat insulation shell includes a heat insulation shell inlet and a heat insulation shell outlet. There is a cavity between the heat insulation shell and the body. The cold fluid inlet of the heat pump or the hot fluid inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the heat insulation shell outlet.

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