Composite capsule-based control apparatus and method for actively controlling soil deformation

Abstract

A composite capsule-based control apparatus and method for actively controlling soil deformation, comprising deformation bodies (2), a porous pipeline, a sealing cover and a medium injection control system. The deformation bodies (2) are connected by means of a sawtooth interface (3), and connecting portions are provided with pores. A deformation body (2) has two states: for use in laying new embankments, both sides are folded inward along an edge to ultimately form a rectangular flat shape, and multiple deformation bodies (2) are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction of an embankment; for operational repair implantation, bundled deformation bodies (2) that are initially cylindrical are implanted into reserved holes. The sealing cover is used to seal reserved holes on the embankment after the deformation bodies (2) are laid on a new embankment, to ensure that the outer appearance is the same as the embankment slope. The medium injection control system is used to monitor and control the injection of a medium. The porous pipeline has a single inlet and multiple outlets, the inlet of the porous pipeline being connected to a medium injection pipe (1), and the porous pipeline being uniformly disposed within the deformation bodies (2), to achieve uniform medium injection and ensure that lifting force remains stable during a control process.

Description

A control device and method for actively controlling soil deformation based on composite capsule Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to a plurality of engineering construction fields such as buildings, roads, municipal engineering, bridges and tunnels, and rail transportation, and in particular relates to a control method for actively controlling soil deformation based on a composite capsule. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid economic and social development of my country, a large number of transportation infrastructure projects, including urban rail transit, high-speed railways, highways, and municipal roads, have been built and put into operation, forming a modern transportation network with extensive coverage and extending all directions. This has laid a solid foundation for the sustained growth of my country's national economy and the prosperity of social development. However, these transportation infrastructure projects require enormous investment and have long design lifespans. Furthermore, due to the ever-increasing speeds of these projects, deformation is inevitable during their long service life. This deformation can significantly impact the safety, performance, and service life of these transportation infrastructure projects, including high-speed railways, urban subways, and highways, and may even pose significant safety hazards. Long-term service deformation of transportation infrastructure not only significantly increases the frequency and cost of maintenance and repairs but can also lead to serious traffic accidents, posing a significant threat to public life and property, while also resulting in significant social impacts and economic losses. In particular, in the event of sudden or unforeseen accidents, damage to transportation infrastructure can lead to widespread social disruption and devastating consequences. Therefore, the issue of in-service deformation of transportation infrastructure must be given high priority. Through precise monitoring, scientific assessment, and strict control, we can proactively prevent harmful deformation that could impact the safety, performance, and service life of these infrastructure projects.

[0003] Once deformation occurs that affects service performance and safety, effective measures must be taken promptly to address and repair it, ensuring the long-term stable operation of transportation infrastructure. Therefore, strengthening deformation monitoring and control during the service life of transportation infrastructure and optimizing maintenance and management strategies are not only core tasks for ensuring operational safety, but also important measures for extending the service life of facilities and reducing maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and to provide a control device and method for actively controlling soil deformation based on a composite capsule.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for controlling the self-elevation of an embankment comprises a deformable body, a porous pipe, a plugging cover and a medium injection control system; the surface layer of the deformable body is made of a composite material with a pressure resistance of more than 4 MPa, and a woven mesh is embedded in the composite material; the deformable bodies are connected by a serrated interface, and the connecting parts are provided with pores; the deformable body has two states. For a newly built embankment, when it is laid, the two sides are folded inward along the edges and finally laid flat in a rectangular shape; a combination of several deformable bodies is arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction of the embankment, and the deformable bodies are connected by a serrated interface, and the connecting parts are provided with pores; when implanting for repair in operation, the prefabricated deformable body with an initial cylindrical state after being tied is implanted. The sealing cover is used to seal the reserved holes on the embankment after the deformable body is laid on the newly built embankment, and ensure that it is the same as the embankment slope decoration; the medium injection control system includes a preparation unit, a conveying unit and a monitoring unit, the preparation unit is used to prepare the modulated medium, and the lifting amount is controlled by medium volume measurement, the conveying unit is used to convey the medium, and the medium conveying process is monitored throughout by the rate sensor and the pressure sensor in the monitoring unit, and the data is recorded; the porous pipeline is single-inlet and multi-outlet, and the inlet of the porous pipeline is connected to the medium injection pipe. The porous pipeline is evenly distributed in the deformable body to achieve uniform medium injection, ensuring that the lifting force remains stable during the control process.

[0007] Furthermore, the medium is a modulated liquid with controllable stiffness, which realizes active control of uneven settlement by starting and controlling different lifting amounts to compensate for the uneven settlement; the uneven settlement includes deformation of the road due to operation and settlement of structures around the road caused by it.

[0008] Furthermore, the control device has a reserved monitoring interface. When it is necessary to start the control of the deformable body, the deformation data collected by the road maintenance monitoring platform is input into the control device through the existing interface. The control device calculates the control value of the deformable body based on the collected data; the deformable body generates soil deformation when the medium is injected, and the monitoring data is synchronously fed back.

[0009] The present invention also provides a method for autonomously raising and controlling an embankment, comprising:

[0010] (1) First, design the corresponding deformation body size according to the actual conditions on site;

[0011] (2) Making a deformed body, processing the connecting end and the blocking end;

[0012] (3) During the construction period, the deformable body is laid on the constructed roadbed layer, and then the road surface layer is filled; or in the process of repairing the existing embankment, the prepared deformable body is implanted into the hole according to the existing embankment slope reserved hole;

[0013] (4) Monitor the deformation of the embankment surface and collect and analyze data;

[0014] (5) When the embankment deformation reaches a critical value, the deformable body is activated and the fluid medium is injected to control the soil deformation; by controlling the activation of the deformable body, the expansion and expansion of the deformable body are activated and regulated;

[0015] (6) After the control is completed, continue to monitor the deformation of the embankment, make further adjustments based on the deformation, and repeat the above steps.

[0016] Furthermore, the differential settlement data of the embankment are collected based on rate and pressure sensors.

[0017] Furthermore, a preliminary control experiment is required before using the control device. Specifically, the data is analyzed through computer numerical simulation, the lifting amount of the deformed body is calculated based on the calculation model in the computer, a deformation preliminary test is carried out, a medium with controllable stiffness is injected, the shape of the deformed body is changed, the monitoring data is fed back to the control device, and the calculation model is optimized based on the monitoring feedback data to achieve optimization of the calculation model; when it is used specifically, the deformation target of the settlement repair is first set, and the control device is started to control the computer to autonomously control, thereby controlling the deformation of the embankment soil and restoring the settlement of the embankment.

[0018] Furthermore, for roads that have not been pre-planted with deformable bodies, horizontal or inclined drilling technology is used to drill holes, and the spacing between the holes is calculated based on settlement monitoring, and the deformable bodies are implanted.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This invention can accurately and reliably dynamically control the shape of the deformable body, addressing uneven embankment settlement caused by various reasons and forming an integrated reinforcement and control system. It achieves both structural reinforcement during the construction phase and active control of deformation during operation, reducing maintenance and replacement costs without impacting road operations. Pre-embedded structures act as a geotextile, effectively increasing embankment stiffness and enhancing its anti-settlement properties. When settlement occurs during operation, targeted and precise treatment of the affected area is achieved with high efficiency. Long-term, multi-cycle maintenance allows for controllable medium stiffness during regulation, enabling multiple treatment and maintenance cycles. Once the medium is injected into the deformable body, it forms a barrier between the outer shell and the fill, ensuring that the medium does not pollute or interfere with the surrounding soil environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a composite capsule deformation body;

[0022] FIG2 is a schematic side view of the structure of a deformed composite capsule;

[0023] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the deformable body in the transportation infrastructure and buildings;

[0024] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the cylindrical morphology of the deformed composite capsule implanted at a later stage;

[0025] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure and function of the main body of the deformable body;

[0026] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the method and flow chart of the use of the deformation control device.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1-medium injection pipe, 2-deformation body, 3-serrated interface, 4-deformation body control end, 5-housing DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate the technical solutions and working principles of the present invention.

[0029] As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the present invention provides a control device for actively controlling soil deformation based on a composite bladder, comprising a deformable body 2, a porous pipe, a sealing cap, and a medium injection control system. The medium injection control system is connected to an embankment monitoring level or a pre-buried fiber optic sensor. The surface layer of the deformable body 2 is made of a composite material with a pressure resistance of at least 4 MPa, with a woven mesh embedded within the composite material. The deformable bodies 2 are connected to each other by a serrated interface 3 to form a monolithic structure, with apertures provided at the connecting portion. The serrated interface 3 is provided on the outer shell 5 of the deformable body 2. Several porous pipes are arranged within the deformable body 2. These pipes have single inlet and multiple outlets, and the inlet of the porous pipes is connected to the medium injection pipe 1. The porous pipes are evenly distributed within the deformable body to achieve uniform medium injection and ensure stable lifting force during the control process. The deformable body can exist in two states. For new embankments, when laid, the sides are folded inward along the edges to form a rectangular flat surface. Several deformable bodies are arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction of the embankment. During repair and maintenance, the deformable body, initially in a cylindrical state after being tied, is inserted into the drilled hole.

[0030] Specifically, the porous pipeline consists of a main pipe located at the center of the deformable body. Several branch pipes are radially arranged along the main pipe wall, forming a uniformly arranged medium flow path. The medium enters from the outside through the main pipe and then enters the surface layer through the branched porous pipes. As the medium is injected, the deformable body gradually changes shape, achieving settlement control (control of embankment deformation). The deformable body control end 4 is connected to the main pipe at one end and to the medium injection control system at the other end, which is used to monitor and control the flow rate, pressure, flow rate, and other numerical values ​​at the end of the main pipe.

[0031] After laying the deformable body on the newly built embankment, medium injection holes and related external lines need to be reserved on the embankment slope or at the current outlet. When the embankment is in normal operation and there is no disease, the exposed parts need to be uniformly sealed with plugging covers, which is the same as the embankment slope decoration, to prevent the subsequent repair from being unable to start due to pipeline blockage, and to ensure the beauty and uniformity of the embankment.

[0032] The medium injection control system includes a preparation unit, a delivery unit, and a monitoring unit. The preparation unit is used to prepare the modulated medium and controls the lifting amount by measuring the medium volume. The delivery unit is used to deliver the medium. The rate sensor and pressure sensor in the monitoring unit monitor the entire process of medium delivery and record data.

[0033] The medium injection control system includes three main parts: preparation unit, conveying unit and monitoring unit. It prepares the modulated medium and controls the lifting amount by measuring the medium volume. During the medium conveying process, rate and pressure sensors are installed to monitor the entire process and record the data.

[0034] The medium is a modulated liquid with controllable stiffness. Low-stiffness retarding media can be used in the control process, including slurries, polymers, and multi-component modulated materials. This allows for multiple starts to control different lift amounts and long-term active control of uneven settlement. Uneven settlement can be addressed, including deformation of roads caused by operation and settlement of surrounding structures.

[0035] The control device has a reserved monitoring interface, which is placed on the control panel of the control system. When the deformation body control needs to be started, the deformation data collected by the road maintenance monitoring platform is input into the control device through the existing interface. The control device calculates the deformation body control value based on the collected data. When the deformable body medium is injected, the soil deformation occurs, and the monitoring data is synchronously fed back to form a closed-loop active control device.

[0036] Specifically, (1) for newly built embankments, they are laid flat, that is, the flat rectangle drawn in the figure is similar to the soil arch grid currently in use. When used in multiple ways, the serrated edge is each deformed body connected together to form a whole, and there are pores in the materials and structures used between the serrated parts. The purpose is to ensure that the deformed body layer has sufficient permeability during the operation of the embankment. (2) For the recovery of embankment settlement in the operation stage, the shape is cylindrical. The existing embankment uses the method of the present invention, which is to drill a hole horizontally on the side of the road by a drilling rig. Because the hole is circular, the deformed body cannot use the unfolded rectangular flat mode at this time, and needs to be folded and tied because there is a pipeline in the center, and it appears circular after tying.

[0037] This embodiment also provides a method for controlling the autonomous raising of an embankment, as shown in FIG6 , including:

[0038] (1) First, design the corresponding deformation body size according to the actual conditions on site;

[0039] (2) making a foldable deformable body, processing the end of the deformable body to connect the end head, and using it to seal the end head;

[0040] (3) During the construction period, the deformable body is laid on the constructed roadbed layer, and then the road surface layer is filled; or in the process of repairing the existing embankment, the prepared deformable body is implanted into the hole according to the existing embankment slope reserved hole;

[0041] (4) Embankment operation, monitoring the deformation of the embankment surface, collecting data, and analyzing the data; specifically, monitoring the uneven settlement of the embankment through level meters or embedded fiber optic sensors;

[0042] (5) When the embankment deformation reaches a critical value, the deformable body is activated and the flow medium is injected to control the soil deformation; by controlling the activation of the deformable body, the expansion and expansion of the deformable body are activated and regulated.

[0043] (6) After the control is completed, continue to monitor the deformation of the embankment, make further adjustments based on the deformation, and repeat the above steps.

[0044] Specifically, a pre-control experiment is required before using the control device. First, based on the monitoring sensor's uneven settlement data of the embankment, the data is supplemented through computer numerical simulation analysis, and the control-end calculation model of active control is built through autonomous learning. The uplift of the deformed body is calculated based on the model, and a small deformation pre-test is carried out. A medium with controllable stiffness is injected to change the shape of the pre-implanted deformed body. The monitoring data is fed back to the control device, and the control-end calculation model is optimized based on the monitoring feedback data to form a closed-loop active control digital twin system. After the model optimization and verification, the deformation target of the settlement repair is set, and the computer system is started to autonomously control the control system during the control process, thereby controlling the deformation of the embankment soil and restoring the settlement of the embankment.

[0045] Specifically, for the repair of old embankments, horizontal or inclined drilling technology is used to drill holes. The hole spacing is calculated based on settlement monitoring. A cylindrical deformable body is implanted and a medium with controllable stiffness is injected to change the shape of the pre-implanted deformable body, thereby controlling the deformation of the embankment soil and restoring the embankment's settlement.

[0046] Control devices are primarily used for soil deformation control and settlement management in transportation infrastructure and structures (such as roads, rail transit, bridges, and tunnels). Through system synergy, they enable structural reinforcement during construction and proactive control during operation, boasting high efficiency, precision, and safety.

[0047] 1. Device structure and function:

[0048] Deformer 2: The deformer is the core component of the device. Its surface layer is made of a composite material with a compressive strength higher than 4MPa and is embedded with a high-strength woven mesh to improve its load-bearing capacity and tensile properties, ensuring its stability and durability under complex working conditions.

[0049] Shell 5: The outer protective layer of the deformable body is tightly integrated with the internal structure. Its design combines high strength and flexibility to adapt to a variety of complex soil environments.

[0050] Sawtooth interface 3: Each deformable body is connected by a sawtooth interface to form an integrated structure. Located at the edge of the shell, the sawtooth interface provides sealing and stability. At the same time, the interface is provided with pores, which enhances the permeability of the soil and the integrity of the structural connection.

[0051] 2.Porous pipeline:

[0052] The deformable body is evenly distributed with porous pipes to control the efficient distribution of the medium. The porous pipes adopt a single-inlet and multiple-outlet design structure:

[0053] Main line: Located in the center of the deformable body, responsible for transporting the medium from the outside to the inside.

[0054] Branch pipeline: multiple branch pipes distributed along the radial direction, connected to the main pipe to form a uniform medium flow path.

[0055] This design ensures uniformity during the medium injection process, avoids local stress concentration, and ensures stable lifting force during expansion regulation.

[0056] 3. Medium injection control system:

[0057] The medium injection control system consists of a preparation unit, a conveying unit and a monitoring unit. It is combined with the transportation infrastructure monitoring platform to achieve dynamic regulation through data linkage.

[0058] Preparation unit: used to prepare modulation media with controllable stiffness (such as slurry, high molecular polymer, etc.), and adjust the stiffness and volume of the medium according to the settlement requirements of the facility.

[0059] Delivery unit: The prepared medium is delivered to the porous pipeline in the deformation body through the connected medium injection pipe 1.

[0060] Monitoring unit: equipped with pressure sensors and rate sensors to monitor the pressure, flow rate and volume changes during the medium injection process in real time, and record the data for guidance and optimization of control.

[0061] 4. Sealing cover:

[0062] The plugging cover is used to protect the reserved holes and external pipelines. During the period of disease-free operation of the facility, it ensures that the appearance of the device is consistent with the transportation infrastructure or buildings, prevents pipeline blockage, and ensures the smooth implementation of subsequent maintenance and control.

[0063] Working status of the device:

[0064] This device has two working states according to the different stages of transportation infrastructure and buildings:

[0065] 1. Structural reinforcement during the new facility phase:

[0066] During the construction phase of transportation infrastructure, the deformable bodies are laid flat on the roadbed or foundation. Initially, they are rectangular flat structures with their edges folded inward before being laid flat. Multiple deformable bodies are connected by zigzag joints and arranged longitudinally to form a whole.

[0067] After paving is completed, a complete roadbed or foundation structure is formed by covering and filling. The existence of the deformable body significantly enhances the overall stiffness and anti-sinking performance of the foundation.

[0068] 2. Repair of defects during the operation of facilities:

[0069] During facility operation, the deformable body is inserted into the reserved hole using drilling technology to locate local settlement or other soil damage. The deformable body is initially cylindrical and is folded and tied to facilitate insertion into the hole.

[0070] After the implantation is completed, the expansion state of the deformable body is regulated in real time through the medium injection control system to achieve precise settlement compensation and deformation management.

[0071] 3. Operation process:

[0072] Data Collection and Analysis: Surface level gauges or embedded fiber optic sensors collect soil deformation data for transportation infrastructure or structures, including key parameters such as differential settlement and stress distribution. This data is transmitted to the control device via a reserved interface, and combined with numerical model analysis to calculate the required lift.

[0073] Medium injection and expansion control: The control device is activated to deliver the modulated medium into the deformable body through the medium injection pipe (1). As the medium is injected, the deformable body gradually expands and generates a lifting force on the soil, achieving accurate compensation for the deformation of the facility. The injection process is monitored by the monitoring unit throughout the process, and the control parameters are optimized through real-time data feedback to ensure the smoothness and safety of the expansion process.

[0074] Closed-loop feedback and dynamic adjustment: The monitoring unit provides real-time feedback of soil deformation and medium injection data to the control system, forming a closed-loop control system. Based on the monitoring feedback, the injection rate, pressure, and total volume of the medium are dynamically adjusted to achieve precise deformation control.

[0075] Specifically, the porous pipeline includes a main pipe located at the center of the deformable body, and a number of bifurcated branches are evenly distributed along the radial direction of the main pipe, thus forming an efficient and uniform medium flow path. The medium enters the main pipe from the outside through the medium injection pipe, and is then evenly distributed to the surface layer of the deformable body through the bifurcated porous branches. As the medium is gradually injected, the deformable body undergoes morphological changes under controlled conditions, expanding and dilating to achieve precise control of soil settlement, thereby effectively responding to the foundation deformation problems that may occur during the operation or construction of transportation infrastructure and structures (such as roads, bridges, tunnels, rail transit, etc.).

[0076] The deformable body's control end 4 plays a key role in this process. One end is connected to the main pipe, and the other to the medium injection control system. This control end monitors key parameters such as flow rate, pressure, and velocity within the main pipe and the porous pipe in real time. It optimizes the injection process through feedback regulation, ensuring stable and accurate expansion control.

[0077] This multi-porous pipe design, based on scientific distribution, significantly improves the efficiency and uniformity of the medium's flow within the deformable body, avoiding localized stress concentrations or uneven expansion. Through the precise operation of the multi-porous pipes, the control device not only effectively addresses settlement issues for transportation infrastructure and structures, but also adapts to a variety of complex geological conditions, providing scientific and reliable technical support for long-term stable operation.

[0078] After installing deformable bodies in new transportation infrastructure and structures, it's necessary to reserve holes for medium injection and external wiring in relevant locations. These exposed areas must be uniformly sealed with plugging caps, provided the facility is operating normally and is free of defects. The design of these plugging caps must be consistent with the facility's surface finish to ensure an aesthetically pleasing and uniform overall appearance, while also effectively preventing pipe blockages that could hinder the proper initiation of subsequent repair operations.

[0079] The medium injection control system consists of a preparation unit, a delivery unit, and a monitoring unit, forming a complete closed-loop control system:

[0080] Preparation unit: responsible for modulating the injection medium with controllable stiffness. It can control the injection amount of the medium through precise volume measurement according to the settlement and deformation requirements of the facility to achieve precise control of the lifting amount.

[0081] Conveying unit: responsible for conveying the prepared control medium into the deformable body. The porous pipeline design ensures the uniformity of medium distribution and avoids local stress concentration.

[0082] The monitoring unit integrates high-precision rate and pressure sensors, enabling real-time monitoring of key parameters such as flow rate, pressure, and injection volume during the medium delivery process, and simultaneously recording the data. This data provides a reliable basis for dynamic regulation and can be used for subsequent maintenance and performance evaluation of regulation.

[0083] The medium is a specially formulated liquid with controllable stiffness. During the control process, low-stiffness retarding media, such as slurries, high-molecular polymers, or multi-component modulated materials, can be flexibly employed according to specific needs. The unique properties of this medium enable precise compensation of varying lift amounts through multiple activations, and can be used for long-term active control of uneven settlement. This method is suitable for addressing foundation deformation or settlement issues caused by the long-term operation of transportation infrastructure and structures (such as roads, bridges, and surrounding structures), and can effectively address uneven settlement issues on roads and their surrounding structures.

[0084] To achieve dynamic regulation and closed-loop control of the system, the control device has a reserved monitoring interface and is integrated into the main control board of the control system. When it is necessary to start the regulation of the deformable body, the transportation infrastructure maintenance monitoring platform can transmit the collected deformation data to the control device through this interface. The control device calculates the required control parameters (such as lifting amount, expansion rate, etc.) of the deformable body based on the collected data. When a medium with controllable stiffness is injected, the deformable body undergoes morphological changes, actively adjusting the deformation of the soil. At the same time, the monitoring data is returned to the control system in real time through a feedback mechanism to ensure closed-loop control of the entire regulation process.

[0085] Specific implementation plan:

[0086] 1. For new transportation infrastructure and buildings:

[0087] In new transportation infrastructure and structures, this invention employs a flat, rectangular layout of deformable bodies, similar to existing geogrids. Multiple deformable bodies have serrated edges and are interconnected via zigzag joints, forming a continuous, integrated structure. The material and structural design between these joints maintains a certain amount of porosity, ensuring sufficient permeability during facility operation, thereby enhancing foundation drainage and improving environmental stability.

[0088] 2. Repair of settlement during the operation phase of transportation infrastructure and buildings:

[0089] To address the long-term settlement challenges of existing transportation infrastructure and structures, the deformable bodies are designed with cylindrical shapes, making them suitable for later implantation. A drill rig is used to drill horizontal or inclined holes in the side of the facility. Since the holes are typically circular, flat rectangular deformable bodies are impractical. Therefore, the deformable bodies are folded and tied into a cylindrical shape, with a porous pipe providing support at the center. The tied cylindrical deformable bodies are then inserted into pre-drilled holes using implant technology, facilitating subsequent expansion and control operations.

[0090] Control method:

[0091] This embodiment further provides a control method for actively controlling soil deformation based on a composite capsule, as shown in FIG6 , including the following steps:

[0092] (1) Design of deformable bodies: Based on the actual working conditions of transportation infrastructure and buildings, the size, shape and material properties of the deformable bodies are designed to ensure that they are suitable for the layout and use requirements in different scenarios.

[0093] (2) Making a foldable deformable body: Making a foldable deformable body and processing its ends to make connecting ends and sealing ends so as to achieve precise installation and sealing in the future.

[0094] (3) Layout and installation: New facility scenario: During the construction phase, the deformable body is laid on the roadbed or foundation layer of the transportation infrastructure, and then the pavement layer or other structural layers are filled to complete the construction of the overall structure.

[0095] Repair scenario for operating facilities: During facility maintenance, cylindrical deformable bodies are implanted into pre-drilled holes on the sides or perimeter of the facility and secured in place. The spacing between the holes is calculated based on settlement monitoring data to ensure that the implanted bodies cover the affected area.

[0096] (4) Operational monitoring and data collection: During facility operation, the deformation of the foundation or soil is monitored in real time using a level or buried fiber optic sensors. Deformation and settlement data are collected and analyzed. The settlement status of the facility and the foundation change trend are evaluated based on the monitoring results.

[0097] (5) Start-up control and medium injection: When monitoring results indicate that the facility settlement has reached a critical value, the control system is activated to inject a flow medium with controllable stiffness into the deformable body. As the medium is injected, the deformable body gradually expands, generating a lifting force or other regulating force on the soil, achieving precise repair of the settlement disease.

[0098] (6) Closed-loop feedback and dynamic optimization: During the medium injection process, key parameters such as medium flow, pressure, and flow rate are collected in real time through the monitoring interface of the control device, and dynamic feedback is provided in combination with soil deformation data. Based on the feedback data, the control parameters are optimized, and the expansion force and lifting amount are adjusted to ensure the accuracy and stability of the control process.

[0099] (7) Subsequent maintenance and multi-cycle treatment: After the control is completed, the status of the facility is continuously monitored, and multiple controls are initiated based on the subsequent settlement situation to achieve long-term maintenance of the facility and disease control.

[0100] Control pre-experiment

[0101] Before using the control device, a preliminary control experiment is required to ensure accuracy and reliability. The specific steps include:

[0102] (1) Numerical simulation and computational model building: Using monitoring sensors to obtain data on the uneven settlement of transportation infrastructure and structures, the system uses computers to perform numerical simulation analysis. Based on the analysis results, the system autonomously builds a computational model for the active control end and calculates the lift of the deformable body based on the model.

[0103] (2) Small deformation pre-test: In this pre-test, a modulating medium with controllable stiffness is injected into the deformable body to observe the changes in the deformable body's morphology. The experimental data is collected and analyzed, and the data is fed back to the control device to optimize the calculation model of the control end and gradually improve the closed-loop active control digital twin system.

[0104] (3) Model optimization and target setting: After preliminary experimental verification, the calculation model is optimized and the deformation target for settlement repair is set. After the control system is started, the computer system autonomously adjusts according to the model parameters, accurately controls soil deformation, and ultimately achieves settlement repair and functional restoration of transportation infrastructure.

[0105] Renovation of old facilities

[0106] For old transportation infrastructure and buildings that are already in operation, the present invention uses horizontal or inclined drilling technology to repair the surrounding areas of the facilities. The repair method specifically includes:

[0107] (1) Drilling: Use a drilling rig to drill holes. The hole spacing is determined based on the settlement monitoring data to ensure that the holes are evenly distributed and cover the diseased area.

[0108] (2) Implanting the deformable body: implant the cylindrical deformable body into the drilled hole and connect it to the control system.

[0109] (3) Injecting medium and regulating deformation: Injecting medium with controllable stiffness, using the fluidity and expansion characteristics of the medium to change the shape of the deformed body, and achieve precise regulation of soil deformation.

[0110] (4) Closed-loop control and multiple treatments: During the control process, real-time monitoring and feedback of data are carried out, and the control device is started multiple times according to specific repair needs to ensure that the settlement problem is completely treated.

[0111] This device is designed to meet the needs of regulating soil deformation around transportation infrastructure and structures. It is flexible and efficient and is suitable for a variety of scenarios in the new construction and operation and maintenance stages.

[0112] The deformable body can present two states according to specific construction requirements.

[0113] Construction status of new transportation infrastructure and structures: During installation, the deformable bodies fold inwards, ultimately forming a rectangular, flattened structure. Multiple deformable bodies are then arranged longitudinally along the foundation, connected by sawtooth joints to achieve overall continuity and functional integrity.

[0114] Operation and maintenance implantation state: For soil repair of transportation infrastructure and buildings during operation, the initial state of the deformed body is cylindrical. It is implanted into the pre-drilled reserved hole after the binding process to meet the needs of local deformation repair.

[0115] Blocking cap design: During the construction of new transportation infrastructure and structures, after the deformable body is laid, the reserved holes are sealed with blocking caps. The blocking cap design fully considers the consistency with the surrounding decoration or appearance of the facility, ensuring that the aesthetics and performance of the project are not affected after construction.

[0116] The medium injection control system consists of a preparation unit, a conveying unit and a monitoring unit, which are responsible for the preparation, conveying and dynamic monitoring of the injection process of the medium. Preparation unit: used to modulate the injection medium, and achieve precise control of the lifting amount of the deformable body through precise volume measurement control. Conveying unit: conveys the prepared medium to the interior of the deformable body, and the porous pipeline is responsible for achieving uniform distribution of the medium. The porous pipeline is designed as a single-inlet and multi-outlet structure. Its inlet is connected to the medium injection pipe, and the outlets are evenly distributed in the deformable body to ensure that the lifting force of the deformable body is evenly distributed during the medium injection process, avoiding instability caused by local stress concentration. Monitoring unit: During the medium conveying process, the conveying rate and pressure are monitored and recorded throughout the process using rate sensors and pressure sensors to ensure the safety and controllability of the medium injection process, while providing data support for subsequent construction evaluations.

[0117] The design of the multi-hole pipeline fully considers the uniformity of medium injection and the stability of the system. The pipeline structure adopts a single-inlet, multi-outlet structure, and the medium is injected into various areas of the deformable body through evenly distributed outlets, thus ensuring the balanced distribution of lifting force during the control process.

[0118] The device is suitable for two main scenarios: During the construction phase of new transportation infrastructure and structures, the device continuously arranges deformable bodies and precisely controls medium injection to effectively regulate soil settlement and deformation around the facility, ensuring construction quality and long-term stability. During the operational phase, repair scenarios are used when a facility experiences settlement or harmful deformation due to foundation settlement, soil loss, or other reasons during long-term service. By inserting cylindrical deformable bodies into pre-determined holes and combining them with a medium injection control system, the device performs precise repairs, ensuring the restoration and improvement of the facility's service performance.

[0119] Furthermore, the medium is a modulated liquid with controllable stiffness. This allows for precise adjustment of lift volume through multiple activations, enabling active control of uneven settlement or deformation of transportation infrastructure and surrounding structures. The medium's stiffness and injection volume can be flexibly adjusted based on actual operating conditions, thus meeting the needs of graded control through multiple injections and enabling dynamic compensation for varying settlement amounts.

[0120] The uneven settlement mainly includes the settlement deformation caused by repeated load action and foundation consolidation of transportation infrastructure (such as roads, highways, rail transit, etc.) during long-term operation, and also involves the problem of differential settlement of buildings and structures around roads or rail transit facilities due to changes in foundation stress or adjacent construction activities. The existence of such uneven settlement may lead to problems such as reduced service performance of transportation infrastructure and surrounding buildings and structures, increased structural safety hazards, and may even further lead to serious consequences such as expansion of structural cracks and reduced foundation bearing capacity. By adopting a modulating liquid with controllable stiffness and combining the multiple start-up control technology of the present invention, efficient and precise regulation of uneven settlement of transportation infrastructure and its surrounding buildings and structures can be achieved. This method can not only gradually correct existing settlement problems, but also prevent uneven development of settlement in the future by dynamically adjusting the injection volume and liquid stiffness, thereby effectively improving the service performance and overall safety of transportation infrastructure and buildings and structures.

[0121] Furthermore, the control device features a pre-defined monitoring interface to enable efficient integration with external monitoring systems. When the control function of the deformable body is activated, the transportation infrastructure and structure maintenance monitoring platform can input real-time deformation data into the control device through the existing interface. Based on this collected deformation data, combined with the facility's operational status and design standards, the control device performs precise calculations to determine the control parameters of the deformable body, including the injection volume, injection rate, and specific injection area.

[0122] During the actual control process, the deformable body changes the soil morphology through the injection of media, thereby gradually compensating for and controlling the uneven settlement of transportation infrastructure and surrounding structures. To ensure the accuracy and safety of the control process, the control device also maintains real-time data linkage with the monitoring platform. During the medium injection and soil deformation process, synchronous feedback monitoring data is obtained through a reserved monitoring interface. This feedback data includes parameters such as soil deformation, stress distribution, and deformation rate. It is used to correct and optimize the control plan in real time to ensure that the control effect of the deformable body is consistent with the intended goal.

[0123] This integrated monitoring and control design not only improves the scientific and controllable nature of settlement control for transportation infrastructure and structures, but also provides dynamic monitoring and timely response technical support for operations and maintenance, significantly enhancing the service safety, stability, and maintenance efficiency of the facilities. Furthermore, through data logging and long-term monitoring and analysis, it can provide data support and optimization recommendations for the design and subsequent maintenance of similar infrastructure, thereby building a more comprehensive full lifecycle management system.

[0124] The control method for actively controlling soil deformation based on composite capsules includes:

[0125] (1) Design the size of the deformable body: Based on the actual working conditions on site, such as the structural form of the transportation infrastructure or building structure, the characteristics of the foundation soil, the settlement and deformation distribution, and the construction space constraints, the size, shape and material parameters of the deformable body are scientifically designed to ensure its adaptability and controllable performance under complex working conditions;

[0126] (2) Production of deformable bodies: According to the design requirements, a composite capsule deformable body that meets the engineering needs is manufactured. The deformable body should have compressive strength, tensile strength and flexibility. At the same time, the connecting end and the sealing end should be precisely processed during the processing stage to ensure its sealing and reliability during installation and operation;

[0127] (3) Install the deformable body

[0128] New transportation infrastructure and building scenarios: During the construction phase, the designed deformable bodies are laid on the foundation or roadbed subgrade, or vertically placed in holes. Precise placement prevents future settlement or deformation. Subsequently, the pavement layer is filled or the building foundation is completed to ensure overall stability.

[0129] Repair scenarios for existing transportation infrastructure and buildings: For infrastructure or buildings already in service, the manufactured deformable bodies are implanted in pre-set holes. During the implantation process, the positioning of the deformable bodies must be accurately guaranteed, and necessary binding and fixing measures must be taken to ensure their stability during subsequent adjustment processes.

[0130] (4) Deformation monitoring: Use high-precision monitoring equipment to conduct long-term monitoring of key parameters such as deformation, settlement rate, and stress changes of transportation infrastructure and structures, and collect and analyze relevant data. Combined with the design allowable value and usage status of the facility, a deformation assessment model is established to determine whether the critical deformation value has been reached;

[0131] (5) Start the control device: When the monitoring results show that the deformation of the facility reaches or approaches the critical value, the deformation body is started for active control. Through the medium injection system, a well-flowing stiffness-controllable modulating liquid is injected into the deformation body to control the medium injection rate and pressure, and promote the expansion of the deformation body, thereby achieving effective control of soil deformation. In this process, the medium is evenly distributed through the porous pipeline to avoid local stress concentration from adversely affecting the stability of the facility;

[0132] (6) Continuous control and monitoring: After completing a control, continue to monitor the deformation of the facility and its surrounding soil in real time. By dynamically collecting feedback data, evaluate the control effect, and further adjust the control parameters or repeat the above steps based on the actual deformation situation to ensure that the deformation of the facility is controlled within the design allowable range.

[0133] Furthermore, rate sensors and pressure sensors are used to accurately monitor and collect data on the deformation of soil surrounding transportation infrastructure and structures. Specifically, rate sensors are used to detect the dynamic rate of change of soil deformation in real time, thereby assessing the trend of deformation development; pressure sensors are used to sense the pressure changes during medium injection into the deformable body, as well as the reaction force exerted by the soil on the deformable body, thereby quantifying the stress distribution in the deformed area. The deformation data collected by the sensors is combined with the design standards and service requirements of transportation infrastructure and structures to form a comprehensive deformation assessment model. Based on the data analysis results, not only can the severity of soil deformation and its potential impact on the safety performance of the facilities be determined, but key input parameters, including medium injection rate, injection pressure, and injection volume, be provided to the control device. In addition, the feedback data from real-time monitoring can be used to dynamically adjust the control plan, optimize the medium injection process, ensure the stability and accuracy of the control process, and further improve the control effect. Through the synergistic effect of rate sensors and pressure sensors, high-precision monitoring and intelligent regulation of soil deformation of transportation infrastructure and structures can be achieved, thereby effectively improving the stability and safety of the facilities, extending their service life, reducing maintenance costs, and providing technical support for the long-term and efficient operation of the facilities.

[0134] Furthermore, before using the control device, a control pre-experiment is required to ensure the reliability and accuracy of the solution. The specific process includes the following steps:

[0135] (1) Computer numerical simulation and analysis: First, a numerical calculation model of soil deformation of transportation infrastructure and buildings is established by computer. This model is based on actual working conditions, such as soil properties, structural loads, and environmental factors, and performs simulation analysis to calculate the initial parameters of the deformation body's uplift. Through simulation analysis, the scope and effect of the deformation body's expansion on the soil can be preliminarily predicted, providing a theoretical basis for subsequent experiments.

[0136] (2) Deformation pre-test: Based on the preliminary results of the numerical simulation, a deformation pre-test is carried out. The specific operation includes injecting a modulating medium with controllable stiffness into the deformable body to change the shape of the deformable body and observe its control effect on the soil. During the test, the deformation amount, stress distribution and expansion state of the deformable body are monitored in real time, and the monitoring data are fed back to the control system of the control device.

[0137] (3) Feedback and model optimization: In specific applications, the optimized calculation model is used to first set the target value for repairing the deformation of transportation infrastructure or buildings, such as the amount of settlement compensation or the target for soil morphology adjustment. After the control device is activated, the computer performs autonomous control based on the optimization model. By precisely controlling the injection rate, pressure, and total amount of the medium, the expansion state of the deformed body is dynamically adjusted, thereby precisely controlling the soil deformation.

[0138] (4) Target setting and control implementation: Based on the preliminary results of the numerical simulation, a deformation pre-test is carried out. The specific operation includes injecting a modulating medium with controllable stiffness into the deformable body to change the shape of the deformable body and observe its control effect on the soil. During the test, the deformation amount, stress distribution and expansion state of the deformable body are monitored in real time, and the monitoring data are fed back to the control system of the control device.

[0139] (5) Restoration and Monitoring: Through active control of the control device, soil deformation is effectively adjusted, and settlement or other deformation problems of transportation infrastructure and structures are gradually restored to the set target values. During the control process, continuous real-time monitoring is carried out to ensure that the control process is safe and controllable. At the same time, relevant data is recorded to provide data support for subsequent maintenance.

[0140] Furthermore, for transportation infrastructure and buildings (such as roads, rail transit, etc.) that have not been pre-implanted with deformable bodies, vertical, horizontal or inclined drilling technology can be used to later implant deformable bodies. The specific method includes the following steps:

[0141] (1) Drilling: Based on the actual deformation of the facility and the settlement monitoring data, holes are drilled in the settlement area using horizontal or inclined drilling techniques. The location, depth, and angle of the drilling holes must be precisely determined based on the foundation soil characteristics, settlement distribution range, and design control plan to ensure that the deformed area can be effectively covered after the deformed body is implanted.

[0142] Hole spacing design: The spacing of drill holes should be scientifically determined based on settlement monitoring data and calculation models to ensure that the range and density of the deformable body layout can meet the needs of precise control of soil deformation, while avoiding excessive layout that leads to waste of resources or further disturbance of the facility foundation.

[0143] Technology selection: In deep settlement or high stress areas, inclined drilling can be preferred to enhance adaptability to complex geological environments; while in shallow settlement areas, horizontal drilling technology is preferred.

[0144] (2) Implanting the deformable body: After drilling, the pre-processed deformable body is mechanically implanted into the drilled hole. The shape and initial state of the deformable body can be flexibly adjusted according to the drilled hole shape and control requirements. Generally, a deformable body with an initial cylindrical state is used to facilitate implantation and subsequent expansion control.

[0145] Fixation and sealing: After implantation, the deformable body needs to be initially fixed to ensure its stability in the hole, and the hole opening needs to be sealed using sealing technology to prevent leakage or other safety hazards during subsequent medium injection.

[0146] (3) Monitoring and Control: After the deformable body is implanted, it is connected to the external monitoring system through the reserved monitoring interface to monitor the deformation of the facility and its surrounding soil in real time. The current deformation degree and stress distribution of the soil are evaluated in combination with the monitoring data to provide accurate guidance for subsequent control.

[0147] The control device is started to gradually control the expansion of the deformable body by injecting a modulation medium with controllable stiffness.

[0148] Based on the settlement monitoring data and feedback parameters, the medium injection rate and pressure are dynamically adjusted to ensure that the deformable body generates uniform lifting force during the regulation process, effectively compensating for soil settlement or other deformation problems.

[0149] (4) Effect evaluation and optimization: After the control is completed, the improvement effect of the implanted deformable bodies on the facility settlement or deformation is evaluated through continuous monitoring and data analysis. If the repair goal is not fully achieved, the drilling position or spacing can be adjusted according to the actual situation, more deformable bodies can be implanted, and the control plan can be optimized to achieve a complete repair of the facility deformation problem.

[0150] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0151] This invention accurately and reliably dynamically controls the shape of deformable bodies, creating a comprehensive control system that integrates reinforcement, regulation, and management for soil deformation around transportation infrastructure and structures caused by various factors. This invention enables both structural reinforcement during construction and active deformation control during operation, significantly reducing maintenance and replacement costs while ensuring that the normal operation of transportation facilities is not affected during the regulation process.

[0152] (1) Strengthening the foundation structure during the construction period: During the construction phase, the embedded structure of the deformable body has an equivalent effect similar to that of geotextiles, which can significantly improve the overall stiffness and anti-sinking performance of the foundation of transportation infrastructure and buildings, thereby effectively reducing the probability of foundation deformation. The embedded deformable body and the foundation soil work together to enhance the overall stability of the foundation structure, laying the foundation for the long-term stable operation of the facility.

[0153] (2) Precise and proactive control during the operation period: During the operation of the facility, when local diseases occur due to settlement or other factors, the present invention can quickly control the disease location in a fixed and directional manner through dynamic monitoring and precise control technology.

[0154] High control efficiency: Through the precise injection of the medium and the controlled expansion of the deformable body, efficient settlement compensation and deformation control are achieved without the need for large-scale excavation and construction, which significantly improves maintenance efficiency and reduces the impact on the operation of transportation facilities.

[0155] (3) Long-term and multi-cycle maintenance: The present invention supports long-term multi-cycle maintenance. By controlling the stiffness of the medium, the control medium can be injected multiple times according to the degree of deformation and maintenance requirements, further extending the service life of the facility. During the control process, after the medium is injected into the deformable body, the outer shell of the deformable body forms an isolation and blocking layer with the fill, which has no pollution or interference effect on the surrounding soil environment, taking into account both the safety and environmental friendliness of the control.

[0156] (4) Advantages of the integrated control system: Monitoring and closed-loop control: The control system combines real-time monitoring data and accurately controls the injection rate, pressure and total amount of the medium through a feedback mechanism to achieve dynamic regulation and closed-loop control.

[0157] Wide range of applicable scenarios: The present invention can be used for preventive regulation during the construction phase of new transportation infrastructure and buildings, and can also be applied to the maintenance and repair of existing facilities during operation.

[0158] Giving equal weight to economy and safety: By actively controlling and regulating the uneven deformation of facilities, not only is the service life of the facilities extended, but the maintenance and replacement costs are significantly reduced, while avoiding safety hazards caused by foundation deformation.

[0159] The technical solution of the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0160] (1) This control method compensates for the impact of uneven soil settlement or deformation on the service performance of the facility through the expansion and regulation of the composite bladder, and has the following significant features:

[0161] (2) Scientific design and precise construction: Design the size of the deformable body in accordance with the specific conditions of the facility, and arrange and construct it reasonably to meet the complex engineering requirements;

[0162] (3) Dynamic monitoring and real-time regulation: Based on monitoring feedback data, the regulation process is precisely controlled to achieve closed-loop regulation of the entire process;

[0163] (4) Multi-scenario adaptability: It can be used for preventive control during the construction period of the facility, and can also be used for maintenance and repair during the operation period;

[0164] (5) Safety and economy: Reduce hidden dangers caused by facility deformation, improve operational safety, and significantly reduce long-term operation and maintenance costs.

[0165] This control method significantly improves the service safety and operational stability of transportation infrastructure and structures, providing technical support for the long-term, reliable operation of these facilities. Furthermore, it offers significant advantages in reducing maintenance resource consumption, lowering maintenance costs, and protecting the environment, providing a scientific and effective solution for the full lifecycle management of these facilities.

[0166] The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The above description of the specific embodiments is intended to illustrate and explain the technical solutions of the present invention, and its contents are only illustrative examples, not limitations of the present invention. Without departing from the core idea of ​​the present invention and the scope protected by the claims, ordinary technicians in this field can, under the guidance of the present invention and in combination with actual needs, make various changes or equivalent substitutions to its form, structure, method or application field. These changes or substitutions are all within the scope of protection of the present invention and do not affect the technical essence and core functions of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on the claims and should be interpreted according to their specific contents.

Claims

1. A regulation device for actively controlling soil deformation based on a composite capsule, characterized in that, It includes a deformable body, a porous pipeline, a plugging cover and a medium injection control system; the surface layer of the deformable body is made of a composite material with a pressure resistance of more than 4Mpa, and a woven mesh is embedded in the composite material; each deformable body is connected by a serrated interface, and the connecting part is provided with pores; the deformable body has two states. For a newly built embankment, when it is laid and used, the two sides are folded inward along the edges and finally laid flat in a rectangular shape; a combination of several deformable bodies is arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction of the embankment, and each deformable body is connected by a serrated interface, and the connecting part is provided with pores; when implanting for operation repair, a deformable body in an initial cylindrical state after being tied is implanted into a reserved hole; the plugging cover is used to block the reserved holes on the embankment after the deformable body is laid on the newly built embankment, and ensure that it is the same as the embankment slope decoration; the medium injection control system includes a preparation unit, a conveying unit and a monitoring unit, and the preparation unit is used to prepare the modulated medium The lifting amount is controlled by medium volume measurement. The conveying unit is used to convey the medium. The medium conveying process is monitored throughout by the rate sensor and pressure sensor in the monitoring unit, and data is recorded. The porous pipeline is single-inlet and multi-outlet. The inlet of the porous pipeline is connected to the medium injection pipe. The porous pipeline is evenly arranged in the deformable body to achieve uniform medium injection and ensure that the lifting force remains stable during the control process. The medium is a modulated liquid with controllable stiffness, which realizes active control of uneven settlement by starting control of different lifting amounts several times. The uneven settlement includes the deformation of the road caused by operation and the settlement of the surrounding structures of the road. The control device reserves a monitoring interface. When it is necessary to start the deformation body control, the deformation data collected by the road maintenance monitoring platform is input into the control device through the existing interface, and the control device calculates the deformation body control value based on the collected data. The deformable body generates soil deformation when the medium is injected, and the monitoring data is fed back synchronously.

2. A regulation method for actively controlling soil deformation based on a composite capsule, based on the regulation device described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: (1) First, design the corresponding deformation body size according to the actual conditions on site; (2) Making a deformable body, processing a connecting end and a plugging end; (3) During the construction period, the deformable body is laid on the constructed roadbed layer, and then the road surface layer is filled; or in the process of repairing the existing embankment, the prepared deformable body is implanted into the hole according to the reserved hole of the existing embankment slope; (4) Monitor the deformation of the embankment surface and collect and analyze data; (5) When the embankment deformation reaches a critical value, the deformable body is activated and the flowing medium is injected to control the soil deformation; by controlling the start of the deformable body, the expansion and expansion of the deformable body is activated and regulated; (6) After the control is completed, continue to monitor the deformation of the embankment, make further adjustments based on the deformation, and repeat the above steps.

3. The regulation method for actively controlling soil deformation based on a composite capsule according to claim 2, characterized in that The differential settlement data of the embankment are collected based on rate and pressure sensors.

4. The regulation method for actively controlling soil deformation based on a composite capsule according to claim 2, wherein Before using the control device, a pre-control experiment needs to be carried out. Specifically, data is analyzed through computer numerical simulation, the uplift amount of the deformable body is calculated according to the calculation model in the computer, a deformation pre-experiment is carried out, a medium with controllable stiffness is injected to change the shape of the deformable body, the monitored data is fed back to the control device, and the calculation model is optimized based on the monitored feedback data to achieve the optimization of the calculation model. When specifically used, first set the deformation target for settlement repair, start the control device to control the computer for autonomous control, and then control the deformation of the embankment soil body to restore the settlement of the embankment.

5. The regulation method for actively controlling soil deformation based on a composite capsule according to claim 2, characterized in that For roads without pre-implanted deformable bodies, horizontal or inclined drilling techniques are used to drill holes, and the hole spacing is calculated based on settlement monitoring and the deformable bodies are implanted.

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