Feeder in can form

Abstract

The invention relates to a feeder, comprising a feeder casing, a feeder lid having an opening in the feeder lid, and a feeder base having a feeder nozzle and a through-passage. The feeder casing and feeder base form the feeder body. The feeder body is made of metal. The feeder lid can be made of plastics material and / or metal. The feeder cavity is formed by the feeder body and is delimited at the top by the feeder lid. The feeder nozzle tapers outwards towards the through-passage and is part of the feeder base. The feeder casing has a compression region. The present invention further relates to an assembly comprising the feeder, a pattern plate, and a centring pin which is guided through the through-passage in the feeder nozzle, through the feeder cavity and through the opening in the lid, and to the use of the feeder or the assembly for metal casting.

Description

[0001] Can-shaped feeder

[0002] The present invention relates to a feeder comprising a feeder shell, a feeder cover with an opening in the feeder cover, and a feeder base with a feeder spout and passage. The feeder shell and feeder base form the feeder body. The feeder body is made of metal. The feeder cover can be made of plastic and / or metal. The feeder cavity is formed by the feeder body and bounded at the top by the feeder cover. The feeder spout tapers outwards towards the passage and is part of the feeder base. The feeder shell has a compression zone. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an assembly comprising the feeder, a pattern plate, and a centering mandrel that is guided through the passage in the feeder spout, the feeder cavity, and through the opening in the cover, and to the use of the feeder or assembly for metal casting.

[0003] State of the art

[0004] Risers, also called feeder inserts or risers, are used when casting metals in casting molds. Risers have a feeder cavity designed to hold the molten metal. The feeder is surrounded by the mold material used to make the casting mold, which forms the casting mold. The casting chamber within the casting mold designed to hold the liquid metal has a passage to the feeder cavity, into which a portion of the liquid metal poured into the casting mold enters during the casting process. The molten metal that then rises into the riser builds up a metallostatic pressure and is intended to flow back or feed into the casting mold during the solidification process of the casting, which is associated with a volume contraction of the casting during solidification, in order to compensate for the volume loss due to shrinkage of the casting during solidification.The casting mold is produced using a pattern by shaping the molding material mixture through the pattern and curing the molding material to create the casting mold. The pattern includes pattern plates onto which the feeder is mounted. The casting mold can be filled with molten metal from the outside via a suitable gating system, with the molten metal flowing through the mold into the feeder. With feeders arranged above the casting, the molten metal only enters the feeder cavity when the casting mold or the part of the casting to be fed is almost completely filled with molten metal.

[0005] To ensure that the metal in the feeder flows back, it must be ensured that the metal in the feeder is still liquid while the metal inside the mold has at least partially solidified into the casting. For this purpose, the feeder can comprise an insulating and / or exothermic material. However, it is also possible for the hardened mold material surrounding the feeder to provide the insulation. The exothermic materials ignite when liquid metal enters the feeder due to the higher temperature then prevailing. From this moment on, an exothermic reaction takes place automatically within the exothermic material, which supplies heat energy to the metal in the feeder over a certain period of time and keeps the metal in the feeder cavity and in the transition area to the casting chamber of the mold in a liquid state.

[0006] Risers are often used in conjunction with a breaker core (also called a neck-down core). A breaker core is an intermediate piece with a passage that connects the mold cavity and the riser cavity and can itself be part of the riser cavity. The diameter of the passage is dimensioned such that it decreases toward the passage (the end of the riser at the mold) and toward the mold cavity, so that the breaker core is knocked off close to the casting surface (the neck-down).

[0007] Feeders can be mounted on horizontal pattern plates or vertical pattern plates. The latter are also called side feeders. DE 3423220 A1 describes a side feeder that comprises a feeder foot that is attached to the side of a mold pattern and has an opening for the liquid metal. If castings are produced in vertically divisible casting molds (cf. EP 2982458 A1), such as the vertically divisible casting molds from DISAMATIC (Denmark), side feeders must be used. In this case, the majority of the volume of the feeder cavity is arranged above the horizontal feeder axis or spout axis. The feeder axis or spout axis corresponds to the axis of the centering mandrel, which is, however, removed with the pattern plate after forming.

[0008] Risers are often mounted on centering mandrels, which can also be designed as spring mandrels. With a rigid centering mandrel, the mandrel can penetrate the cover of the riser body when compressing the molding material if the cover does not have an opening. The spring mandrel absorbs this movement by shortening its length via a spring mechanism. The centering mandrel is mounted on the model or pattern plate. The axis of the centering mandrel is perpendicular to the pattern plate.

[0009] Natural risers are made from the same mold material as the entire casting mold and are manufactured or formed from it without the use of insulating or exothermic materials. In the simplest case, a natural riser is, for example, a recess in the mold material into which molten metal can flow. Natural risers can also be covered with exothermic covering powder to ensure they maintain their feeding capacity for a long time.

[0010] By definition, natural risers are made of neither insulating nor exothermic materials. This has the advantage, among other things, that natural risers generate fewer emissions during metal casting than conventional risers made of exothermic or insulating materials. Another advantage of natural risers over conventional risers is that they leave fewer residues, for example, in the form of pyrolysis products, in the mold material after metal casting than conventional risers made of exothermic or insulating materials.

[0011] Natural risers are usually formed as a mold cavity in the molding material using a riser pattern that is firmly arranged on the mold plate (pattern plate). In the simplest case, the riser pattern corresponds to the mold cavity. The molding material surrounds the riser pattern and the mold plate and forms the casting mold (casting mold) after compaction and subsequent molding of the mold plate from the compacted molding material. This means that the riser patterns known from the prior art are connected to the mold plate and the riser patterns have to be removed from the compacted mold material when molding the natural riser. This has the disadvantage that natural risers can only be placed laterally next to the casting geometry on the mold plate (pattern plate) without undercuts, i.e. in the direction of the surface normal to the plane of the mold plate, since otherwise undercuts would occur during molding, i.e.When the mold plate is removed, the compressed mold material along with the riser pattern is removed, rendering the mold unusable. Moldable natural risers that allow placement above the casting are currently unknown.

[0012] Moldable risers made of exothermic or insulating material are typically placed on a centering mandrel mounted on a mold plate, meaning they are not permanently attached to the mold plate. The mold material around the moldable riser is then compacted. After compaction, the mold plate, which corresponds to the casting, is withdrawn from the compacted mold material along with the centering mandrel, leaving the moldable riser in the mold material.

[0013] The molding material comprises a refractory mineral, usually quartz sand, and a binder to harden the molding material. The molding material is initially in a flowable or pourable form, then compacted and finally cured. After metal casting, the cured molding material must be easily removable, for example, because the binder decomposes due to the high temperatures during metal casting or at least partially loses its binding properties.

[0014] A disadvantage of moldable risers is that their production from exothermic or insulating materials is costly due to the expensive raw materials required and the time required for production. Furthermore, the use of exothermic and insulating materials results in their pyrolysis products and components such as fluorine carriers, unburned aluminum, or fibers being introduced into the molding material. This can reduce the reusability of used foundry sand and lead to additional costs for landfilling the used foundry sand. The combustion of risers also releases emissions that contribute significantly to a foundry's overall emissions load. However, this is undesirable. DE 202006009015 U1 discloses a one-piece, metallic riser, wherein the riser body is double-walled with an inner wall and an outer wall. The cavity between the inner and outer walls serves as insulation.A multi-part feeder made entirely of metal is known from WO 2023 / 083404 A1. Feeders with conically tapered, deformable metal feeder nozzles are known from WO 2005 / 051568 A1, although the feeder jacket, which forms the actual feeder body, is not made of metal.

[0015] Object of the invention

[0016] The object of the present invention is to provide a riser that can be manufactured cost-effectively and combines the advantages of a natural riser in terms of reduced emissions and contamination during metal casting with the geometric freedom of a moldable riser. It is also desirable that the riser, when used properly, neither contaminate the molding material nor increase the foundry's emissions. Furthermore, the riser should be able to absorb pressure during molding when the molding material is compacted.

[0017] Summary of the invention

[0018] These and other objects are achieved according to the invention by the subject matter of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are the subject matter of the subclaims or are described in more detail below.

[0019] The present invention relates to a feeder with a feeder body made of sheet metal. The feeder body comprises a feeder shell and a feeder base with a feeder nozzle and passage. The feeder cavity is formed by the feeder body and bounded at the top by the feeder cover. The feeder nozzle tapers outwardly and is part of the feeder base. The end of the feeder nozzle forms the passage. The feeder shell and feeder base are made of sheet metal. The feeder cover with opening can be made of sheet metal or plastic. The feeder cavity serves to hold liquid metal. The liquid metal can rise (flow into) or flow out of the feeder cavity through the passage.

[0020] The feeder shell is shaped like a cylinder, or more precisely a hollow cylinder, which means that the surface and bottom surface are free. The cylinder can taper to a conical shape. The surface and bottom surface can each be round, oval, or even differently shaped, e.g. pear-shaped. Preferably, the surface (where the feeder cover is attached) and bottom surface (where the feeder base is attached) are the same. A straight cylinder, such as a circular cylinder or right elliptical cylinder, is particularly preferred. This means that a plane through the main axis or center of gravity of the cylinder intersects the shell surface along a straight line that is preferably perpendicular to the surface and the bottom surface. For an ellipse, the main axis of the cylinder passes through the center. If necessary, the main axis is the one that passes through the center of gravity of the surface and the bottom surface.For a rotationally symmetric cylinder, the major axis coincides with the axis of rotation.

[0021] The feeder shell has one or more compression zones, in particular a compression zone. The compression zone can be incorporated anywhere in the feeder shell. It is intended to absorb forces that occur during compaction of the molding material and prevent deformations at other unwanted locations. The compression zone comprises a corrugated structure incorporated in the wall of the feeder shell, which can be collapsed under pressure in the direction of the feeder axis. The compression zone in the feeder shell can encircle the feeder shell and be installed at any height. One embodiment of the corrugated structure is a zigzag line (in a plan view of a section through the wall of the feeder shell along a plane through the main axis of the cylinder). The compression zone is then a "predetermined collapse accordion."

[0022] The compression zone is pressed together during the molding material compaction as part of the molding process and absorbs the molding forces accordingly. The compression zone serves to lead to an intended deformation in the area of ​​the compression zone when the molding material is compacted in order to absorb the resulting forces without the feeder cavity opening or the feeder nozzle bending. The feeder is preferably designed either in one piece or in two pieces, i.e. either a) the feeder base (with feeder nozzle), feeder shell and feeder cover form a single unit or b) the feeder base (with feeder nozzle) and feeder shell form a single unit (the feeder body) onto which the feeder cover is placed or inserted separately and can be removed if necessary. The feeder is preferably in one piece.

[0023] Such a riser, or at least the riser body, can be manufactured cost-effectively from sheet metal such as aluminum or steel, yet can still withstand the typical compression pressures of high-pressure molding machines without the risers collapsing outside the compression zone when the molding material is compressed. A suitable material is tinplate or aluminum. In particular, the riser is manufactured from sheet metal by forming.

[0024] The opening in the feeder cover serves to pass through the centering mandrel and, when the centering mandrel is removed, to equalize pressure, as hot air can escape through the hardened molding material covering the cover opening. During molding of the molding material, the opening in the feeder cover is sealed by the centering mandrel so that the molding material does not penetrate into the feeder cavity, or only to a very small and negligible extent. The centering mandrel preferably protrudes slightly from the opening to create a dome-shaped bulge above the opening as a clearance after it is pulled out. This gives the hot air more surface area to escape from the feeder cavity as the hot metal rises.

[0025] The feeder according to the invention achieves an improvement in the ventilation and forming behavior.

[0026] Furthermore, the present invention relates to an assembly comprising the feeder, a pattern plate, and a centering mandrel guided through the passage in the feeder nozzle, the feeder cavity, and the opening in the cover, and to the use of the feeder or assembly for metal casting. Detailed description of the invention

[0027] The feeder shell is shaped like a cylinder, open on both sides and hollow inside. This makes it particularly easy to manufacture because the cylinder can be made from a single piece of flat sheet metal, e.g., a rectangular piece of sheet metal, by joining opposing edges of equal length. The cylindrical shape is also particularly favorable for deformation behavior because the cylinder can be compressed essentially evenly along the feeder or cylinder axis in the compression zone.

[0028] The cylinder can be circular (circular cylinder, in particular a vertical circular cylinder) or oval (elliptical circular cylinder) in plan view. With respect to the feeder shell, there are open, preferably circular surfaces or open, preferably oval surfaces for the cover and for the base, whereby the open circular surfaces or open oval surfaces for the base can possibly be smaller than for the cover and vice versa. Preferably, the circular surfaces or oval surfaces for the cover and for the base are each the same. Preferably, the open surfaces are each perpendicular to the wall of the feeder shell.

[0029] The feeder shell has a compression zone running along its entire circumference. This deformation zone is created by the metal sheet having a corrugated structure that can be compressed under pressure in the direction of the feeder axis. The corrugated line in the sheet wall is shaped so that the sheet wall folds inward and / or outward by more than the wall thickness, preferably essentially only inward.

[0030] In one embodiment, the compression zone is designed to be retractable, similar to an accordion. When the molding material is compressed, the deformation zone can fold.

[0031] The feeder spout is part of the feeder base and is firmly connected to the feeder shell via the feeder base or together with the feeder base. This means that the feeder spout is not movable relative to the feeder body or feeder shell. The feeder spout rests on the pattern plate of the model or on a possibly beveled base of the centering mandrel and remains in this position while the molding material is compacted. The feeder base and feeder spout can also be a single, uniform component or composed of two components, in which case the feeder base only connects to the feeder shell and the feeder spout only to the feeder base. For example, the feeder spout can be screwed onto a threaded end on the feeder base. In any case, the feeder spout is firmly connected to the feeder base and cannot be inserted into the feeder base or into the feeder cavity.

[0032] The centner mandrel is mounted on the pattern plate and is removed with the pattern plate. The riser nozzle withstands the forces acting on the riser during compaction of the molding material, even when the forces are asymmetrical. The result should be a clean break edge close to the casting surface when the casting is struck off.

[0033] The taper of the feeder spout serves to create a suitable breakaway edge between the feeder body and the pattern plate after compaction or after molding, which eliminates reworking of the casting or at least simplifies reworking and reduces reworking time. The feeder spout preferably has a length of between approximately 5 and 70 mm, in particular between approximately 15 and approximately 40 mm, in the direction of the feeder axis. The length of the feeder spout bridges the distance between the lower end of the feeder shell and the casting.

[0034] In principle, the inner diameter of the feeder nozzle can be chosen arbitrarily, whereby the passage is large enough to ensure the flow of the melt into and out of the feeder during the casting and solidification process.

[0035] According to one embodiment, the end region of the feeder spout at the outlet has an inwardly or outwardly formed circumferential lip. The circumferential lip improves the formation of a breaking edge and strengthens the feeder spout, on the one hand with regard to the contact area but also against deformation of the feeder spout when angular forces occur, i.e. forces perpendicular to the spout axis. To form the circumferential lip, the spout wall at the outlet bends inward or outward, in particular approximately perpendicular to the spout axis. The width of the lip corresponds, for example, to approximately 1 to 20% of the diameter of the outlet. Independently of this, the lip is 0.3 to 5 mm, in particular 0.5 and 3 mm, wide. The feeder spout is rotationally symmetrical, in particular along the spout axis. The feeder spout can also be oval, in particular oval in the first end region and round in the second end region. An oval spout can stand up better on a thin edge of the mold pattern.The feeder nozzle serves as an extension of the passage for attachment to a model plate, including a pivoting mold model.

[0036] When the molten metal is poured into the casting mold, the molten metal enters the cavity via the feeder spout and the passage. During the casting process, the feeder cavity is designed to receive and slowly release molten metal through the passage. The molten metal then flows from the feeder cavity through the passage of the feeder body and back into the casting via the feeder spout during the shrinkage process until the casting completely solidifies.

[0037] The riser sleeve is formed from metal. If the hot metal penetrates it, the riser sleeve can dissolve, and the surrounding mold material then forms a bond to the casting.

[0038] The feeder nozzle rests on the pattern plate or on a base of the centering mandrel, whereby the base may be beveled. In this configuration, the feeder nozzle rests on the beveled base of the centering mandrel, slightly spaced from the pattern plate. The feeder nozzle remains in this position even during compaction of the molding material mixture, ensuring that a defined break edge is provided directly on the casting. At the same time, the compacting molding material mixture presses the feeder nozzle firmly with its contact surface against the pattern plate or the base of the centering mandrel.

[0039] The riser spout tapers towards its first end, the tapered area. The riser base with the riser spout can be produced, for example, by deep drawing and knurling. During deep drawing, the sheet metal is formed into a seamless shape in one or more passes. The starting material, whether a round blank or a plate, is placed between the upper and lower dies and pressed into a cup shape as the drawing punch moves downwards. The cup base is punched and the rim, as part of the riser base, is connected to the riser shell by flanging. The spout axis can be the same as the axis of the riser shell or can be offset from it. The riser cover has an opening for the upper end of the centering mandrel. The opening is located opposite the passage in the riser base so that a centering mandrel can be passed through the passage and opening to position the riser on the mold plate.The centering mandrel is used to position the feeder according to the invention on the pattern plate (mold plate). After the molding material has been compacted, the centering mandrel is withdrawn from the finished casting mold, or from a portion of the finished casting mold, together with the pattern plate.

[0040] The lid can have a Williams core. The lid has the shape of a conical, tapered core at the bottom. The Williams core is inserted into the feeder and serves to form a sand edge, with the goal of delaying the solidification of the liquid metal through the resulting sand edge effect. The Williams core can be equipped with an exothermic material.

[0041] The riser can have different shapes. The riser is either a one-piece or a two-piece design and is typically made from two or three pieces of metal sheet joined together.

[0042] The feeder cover can be permanently connected to the feeder shell or be designed to be removable. The feeder shell and feeder base are always permanently connected, meaning that the feeder base, which includes the feeder nozzle, cannot be removed from the feeder shell without damaging it.

[0043] According to one design, two pieces of sheet metal are used, with the feeder base with the feeder nozzle on the one hand and the feeder shell on the other hand being manufactured together by deep drawing or other cold forming. The feeder cover is then manufactured separately and placed on the feeder shell, either removable or permanently connected, e.g., by gluing or clamping. The feeder cover is preferably also made of metal, but can also be made of plastic.

[0044] According to a second embodiment, there are three sheet metal pieces, with the feeder base, the feeder shell, and the feeder cover each made from a single piece of sheet metal. Deep drawing or cold forming can then be limited to the grommet-shaped recess in the feeder base and, if necessary, also to the feeder cover, which is then also manufactured separately and placed on top of the cylindrical feeder shell. However, the feeder cover can also be made of plastic; in this embodiment, two separate sheet metal sections are used for production.

[0045] The feeder body is a single-piece design and is preferably made from one or two pieces of sheet metal. For example, if it is a single piece of sheet metal, it is deep-drawn after a specific design. If it is two pieces of sheet metal, the sheet metal piece for the feeder base is (at least) deep-drawn, and the feeder shell is manufactured separately by joining two opposite edges of a sheet metal section. The feeder base and the feeder shell are then joined together.

[0046] According to a further embodiment, the feeder cover and feeder shell and the feeder base and feeder shell are each connected by means of a flanged edge (also independently of each other), wherein the feeder cover and feeder shell and the feeder base and feeder shell can each be placed together in such a way that their running edges lie against each other and can be connected to one another to form a flanged edge by flanging or riveting.

[0047] The riser shell can be made by welding, riveting or gluing opposite edges of a piece of sheet metal

[0048] Preferably, the entire feeder is formed as a single piece and is manufactured in particular from two or three sheet metal pieces joined together, with the same procedure being followed for the feeder body. The feeder cover is manufactured separately, for example, by creating an opening in the feeder cover and optionally including the step of deep-drawing.

[0049] The feeder cover can also be inserted into the feeder shell using a twist lock, bayonet lock, or snap lock. The feeder cover can also be secured to the feeder shell by a flanged edge. The metal sheet of the feeder is preferably made of a similar material to the cast material used. For example, a feeder made of aluminum sheet is preferred for an aluminum casting, whereas a feeder body made of steel or iron sheet is preferred for a steel or iron casting. Tinplate is also a suitable material.

[0050] The preferred sheet metals for the feeder base and cover are designed so that they can be deep-drawn or otherwise cold-formed. In one embodiment, the feeder body is made from cold-rolled strip DIN 10130 DC01 or DC04, which is familiar to those skilled in the art.

[0051] The feeder, i.e., the feeder shell, feeder base with feeder nozzle, and, if applicable, the feeder cover, are made of sheet metal, the sheet metal preferably having a thickness of 0.05 to 1.5 mm, in particular 0.1 to 0.4 mm. The feeder shell preferably has a sheet metal material thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm, and the feeder base and feeder cover (if made of metal) preferably have a sheet metal material thickness of 0.15 to 0.3 mm.

[0052] The present invention is further explained by the following description of the figures. They show:

[0053] Fig. 1 shows a cross-section through the feeder with the feeder shell and the deformation zone above, the feeder cover, and the feeder base. The feeder base is shaped like a spout. A centering pin is guided through the passage and the opening in the feeder cover, securing the feeder to the pattern plate.

[0054] Fig. 2 shows an enlarged section of the circumferential deformation zone in the wall of the feeder shell of the feeder according to Fig.1.

[0055] Fig. 3 shows an example of a flanged edge with which the feeder cover and feeder jacket of the feeder according to Fig. 1 are connected.

[0056] Fig. 4 shows the feeder according to Fig. 1, rotated and in an isometric view from above. Fig. 5 shows a feeder with a compression zone in the lower area of ​​the feeder shell.

[0057] As can be seen from Fig. 1, the feeder 1 is constructed from a cylindrical feeder shell 2, a feeder cover 3 with opening 4 and a feeder base 5 with grommet 6 and passage 7. The feeder base 5 is formed into a feeder grommet 6 which tapers conically towards the passage 7 in the feeder base 5. A rigid centering mandrel 16 is guided through the passage 7 and the opening 4 in the feeder cover and fixes the feeder on the pattern plate 17. At the same time, the centering mandrel 16 closes the passage 7 and the opening 4 and thus the feeder cavity 8 against the molding material which surrounds the feeder on all sides. The compression zone 10 is located in the upper area of ​​the feeder shell 2. If the molding material is compacted, the compression zone 10 compresses and the feeder cover 3 moves downwards towards the pattern plate 17 along the upper end of the centering mandrel, so that the upper end of the centering mandrel 16 protrudes further from the opening (not shown).The length of the riser shell 2 becomes shorter. However, the riser nozzle 6 remains firmly seated on the base of the centering mandrel 16 with the edge of the passage 7 throughout the entire process. The deformation of the riser is limited to the area of ​​the compression zone 10. The distance X to the pattern plate remains the same even after the molding material has been compacted.

[0058] The compression zone has a wave structure with wave crests 11 and wave troughs 12. The wave troughs are introduced into the feeder body 9 by rollers before it is closed with a feeder cover 3.

[0059] Fig. 2 shows an enlarged section of the circumferential compression zone 10 in the wall of the feeder shell 2, wherein the metal sheet 14 of the wall has a wave structure due to rolling. The distance between the tip of the wave crest 11 on the outside and the deepest tip of the wave trough 12 viewed from the outside is (at least) greater than twice the material thickness of the metal sheet 14. The tip of the wave crest 11 runs in the same plane as the unformed metal sheet 14 of the feeder shell 2, while the wave troughs 12 are folded inwards by rolling and are more rounded. The tip of the wave crest 11 is somewhat flatter compared to the rounded shape of the wave troughs 12. Fig. 3 shows an example of a flanged edge 13 with which the feeder base 5 and the feeder shell 2 are connected. The metal sheet 14 of the feeder shell 2 and the metal sheet 15 of the feeder base 5 are brought together and bent inwards twice to form the flanged edge 13.If desired, a plastic seal can be provided in the joint area of ​​the flanged edge 13. Similarly, as shown in Fig. 1, the feeder cover 3 and the feeder shell 2 are firmly connected via a circumferential flanged edge 13, so that the cover can no longer be removed without damaging it.

[0060] Fig. 4 shows the feeder 1 according to Fig. 1, rotated without the centering mandrel 16 and in an isometric view. It can be seen that the opening 4 in the feeder cover 3 is free, the feeder cover 3 is formed from sheet metal, and the feeder shell 2 has a circumferential flanged edge 13 at the upper and lower ends. The weld edge 18 makes it clear that the cylindrical feeder shell 2 is made from a rectangular piece of sheet metal.

[0061] Fig. 5 shows a feeder 1 with a compression zone 10 in the lower region of the feeder shell 2. Furthermore, the feeder cover 3 is slightly drawn upward in the center, so that the opening 4 in the feeder cover 3 is formed by the edge of a shallow crater. Apart from this, the feeder shown in Fig. 5 is identical to the feeder shown in Fig. 1. The feeder axis 19, which coincides with the spout axis, is shown in dashed lines.

Claims

Patent claims 1. Feeder, comprehensive - a feeder jacket; - a feeder base with feeder spout and passage; - a feeder cover with an opening in the feeder cover; and - an esophageal cavity; - the feeder shell and the feeder base together with the feeder nozzle form a feeder body and the feeder body is formed from sheet metal; - the feeder nozzle tapers towards the passage and is part of the feeder base; - the feeder shell has the shape of a cylinder and the cylinder has a compression zone; and - the feeder cavity forms an interior space defined by the feeder jacket, feeder base with the feeder spout and feeder cover.

2. Feeder according to claim 1, wherein the feeder cover is made of sheet metal.

3. Feeder according to claim 1, wherein the feeder cover is made of plastic.

4. Feeder according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the feeder base and the feeder shell are connected by a circumferential flanged edge; and / or wherein the feeder cover and the feeder shell are connected by a circumferential flanged edge.

5. Feeder according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder base, the feeder spout and the feeder cover each have no compression zone.

6. Feeder according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder spout is rigid or the feeder base with the feeder spout is rigid.

7. Feeder according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder base and the feeder shell are made of a metal sheet by forming.

8. Feeder according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the feeder jacket and the feeder base with the feeder spout are made of two metal sheets of different cuts and are firmly connected to one another in one piece, wherein the feeder spout is preferably formed by deep drawing.

9. Feeder according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder shell has the shape of a hollow cylinder with a free surface and a free lower surface, wherein the surface and the lower surface preferably have an identical shape.

10. A feeder according to claim 9, wherein the surface and the bottom surface are each round or each oval. 11 . Feeder according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the feeder shell has the shape of a right circular cylinder or a right elliptical cylinder.

12. Feeder according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein - the feeder jacket and the feeder base with the feeder spout or - the feeder jacket, feeder base with the feeder spout and the feeder cover are each made of metal sheets, preferably two or three pieces of sheet metal, and the metal sheet preferably has a thickness of 0.05 to 1.5 mm, in particular of 0.1 to 0.4 mm.

13. Feeder assembly comprising the feeder according to at least one of the preceding claims, a pattern plate and a centner mandrel which is guided through the passage in the feeder spout, the feeder cavity and through the opening in the feeder cover and is mounted on the pattern plate.

14. Feeder arrangement according to claim 13, wherein the feeder is surrounded on all sides by molding material.

15. Use of the feeder according to at least one of claims 1 to 12 or the arrangement according to claim 13 or 14 for metal casting, in particular iron, steel or aluminum casting.

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