Vertical static load test device for single pile

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of static load devices for single piles, and specifically relates to a vertical static load test device for a single pile. The vertical static load test device comprises a reaction platform, a pressurizing mechanism arranged below the reaction platform, a pressure-bearing mechanism arranged on a lower side of the pressurizing mechanism, several first tilt angle sensors, second tilt angle sensors, a dynamometer and a controller, wherein the reaction platform comprises a bearing platform and support piers arranged at the bottom of the bearing platform; and the pressurizing mechanism comprises a first pressure-applying assembly and at least three second pressure-applying assemblies, the first pressure-applying assembly comprising a first jacking member and a first abutting plate. The static load test device for a single pile achieves dynamic control of the orientation of the bearing platform by means of the pressurizing mechanism, the pressure-bearing mechanism, the first tilt angle sensors, the second tilt angle sensors and the matching between an arc-surface recess and an arc-surface structure, such that a top plane of the bearing platform can always remain in a horizontal state by means of adaptive adjustment, thereby enhancing the stability of the device, and solving the problem of the bearing platform tilting due to the eccentricity of a placement position of a reaction stacked load or by local settlement of the support piers.

Description

Single pile vertical static load test device Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a single pile vertical compressive static load test device, in particular to an anti-dumping single pile vertical compressive static load test device. Background Art

[0002] The traditional experimental apparatus for a single pile static load test (as shown in Figure 6 of the specification) mainly consists of a reaction frame and a pressure system. The reaction frame consists of a base and a reaction load mounted on the base. The base consists of two parallel long supports and a top plate fixed on top of the two long supports to connect the two long supports into one. When the reaction frame is installed at the test site, the top plate is horizontally set, and the reaction blocks are stacked on top of the top plate. The pressure system includes a hydraulic jack and an oil pump. The hydraulic jack is placed on the pile head at the top of the pile foundation to be tested, and the oil pump provides power for the hydraulic jack. When the single pile static load test device is in operation, the top of the hydraulic jack piston rod abuts against the bottom of the top plate, and because the bottom of the hydraulic jack abuts against the top of the end head, as the hydraulic jack piston rod extends, the force applied by the hydraulic jack to the reaction frame will also increase. However, because the reaction load in the reaction frame provides a large downward force, the reaction frame will not be lifted up. Therefore, the increased pressure of the hydraulic jack will be converted into pressure on the single pile head. Afterwards, through cyclic loading, the settlement value of the single pile head under different pressures can be measured. Finally, these data can be analyzed by the experimenters to determine whether the compressive bearing capacity of the single pile meets the design requirements.

[0003] However, the traditional experimental device for single pile static load test may have risks when loading and unloading reaction piles. This is because it is often difficult to accurately control the overall center of gravity position of the reaction pile during the loading process, which leads to the possibility of eccentricity of the overall center of gravity of the reaction pile. Once the overall center of the reaction pile has a large offset, it may cause the reaction frame to tilt and collapse during the loading pressure and loading and unloading of the reaction pile. In addition, in reality, due to the large weight of a single reaction block, it is inconvenient to transfer and load and unload it. Sometimes, sand is piled on the top plate to replace the reaction block. Using sand to replace the reaction block is more likely to cause the overall eccentricity of the reaction pile. Specifically, during the loading process of the hydraulic jack, the rise of the hydraulic jack's piston rod will apply an upward thrust to the top plate, and the center of the reaction frame as a whole is not on the vertical line with the top of the hydraulic jack's piston rod. This results in the force applied by the hydraulic jack to the top plate being an eccentric force. Once this eccentric force is too large, it will cause the reaction frame to tip over.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a single pile vertical static load test device which can timely adjust the posture of the bearing platform when the bearing platform tilts so as to restore the bearing platform to a horizontal position.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a single pile vertical static load test device, characterized by comprising:

[0007] A reaction platform, comprising a bearing platform for placing stacked objects and a pier arranged at the bottom of the bearing platform;

[0008] A pressure mechanism, the pressure mechanism is arranged below the reaction platform, and the pressure mechanism includes a first pressure assembly and at least three second pressure assemblies, the first pressure assembly includes a first jacking member and a first abutment plate, the first jacking member has a controlled telescopic moving end, the center of the moving end of the first jacking member coincides with the center of the bearing platform, the first abutment plate is arranged between the bearing platform and the first jacking member, each of the second pressure assemblies is distributed around the first pressure assembly, each of the second pressure assemblies includes a second jacking member and a second abutment plate, each of the second jacking members has a controlled telescopic moving end, and each of the second abutment plates is arranged between the bearing platform and each corresponding second jacking member;

[0009] A pressure-bearing mechanism, the pressure-bearing mechanism includes a top seat sleeved on the pile head of the single pile and an adjustment seat connected to the top seat, the top of the adjustment seat is a plane, the top of the first jacking member and the top of each second jacking member are fixedly connected to the top of the adjustment seat, a concave arc-shaped groove is constructed at the center of the top of the top seat, and a convex arc-shaped structure adapted to the arc-shaped groove is constructed at the center of the bottom of the adjustment seat, the arc-shaped structure is movably connected to the arc-shaped groove so that the arc-shaped structure and the arc-shaped groove are consistent;

[0010] a first inclination sensor, mounted on the bottom of the carrying platform, for detecting a tilt direction and a tilt degree of the carrying platform when the carrying platform tilts;

[0011] a second inclination sensor, the second inclination sensor being mounted at the center of the adjustment seat to detect an inclination angle of the adjustment seat;

[0012] A dynamometer installed between the pile head and the top seat to detect the pressure on the pile head;

[0013] A controller is connected to the first inclination sensor, the second inclination sensor, the dynamometer, the first lifting member and each second lifting member to receive monitoring data from the first inclination sensor, the second inclination sensor and the dynamometer, and controls the extension and retraction amount of the moving end of the first lifting member and the extension and retraction amount of the moving end of each second lifting member according to the monitoring data to control the posture of the supporting platform so that the top surface of the supporting platform is parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0014] Preferably, the first jacking member and each of the second jacking members are hydraulic jacks, and the first jacking member and each of the second jacking members are connected to a pumping device so that the moving end of the first jacking member and the moving end of each of the second jacking members can move in a controlled manner.

[0015] Preferably, the number of the second pressure assemblies is eight, with two forming a group, and the two second pressure assemblies in each group are arranged on both sides of the center of the first lifting member in an opposing manner, and the angle formed by the line connecting the centers of two adjacent second lifting members and the center of the first lifting member is forty-five degrees.

[0016] Preferably, the top seat is in the shape of a cylindrical structure, and a socket groove for socketing with a single pile head is constructed at the center of the bottom of the top seat, and the lowest point of the arc groove on the top of the top seat is collinear with the axis of the top seat.

[0017] Preferably, the radius of the arcuate groove is equal to the radius of the arcuate structure.

[0018] Preferably, a single pile vertical static load test device also includes a support mechanism, which is arranged between the adjustment seat and the top seat to limit the tilt angle of the adjustment seat relative to the top seat within a preset range, and the support mechanism includes a plurality of first support members, a plurality of second support members, a plurality of buffer members and a plurality of third lifting members.

[0019] Preferably, each of the first support members is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the adjustment seat, and each of the first support members is distributed around the outer circumference of the adjustment seat in a circular array;

[0020] Each of the second support members is movably mounted on a side surface of the top seat, and each of the second support members is distributed around the outer circumference of the top seat in a circular array.

[0021] Preferably, the outer peripheral side of the top seat is configured with a plurality of lateral grooves, and the ends of the second supporting members facing away from the first supporting member are inserted into the lateral grooves in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0022] The second support member is constructed with a concave spherical groove at one end facing the corresponding first support member, and the first support member is constructed with a spherical structure adapted to the spherical groove at one end facing the corresponding second support member. The spherical structure is movably connected to the inside of the spherical groove, and the outer surface of the spherical structure is consistent with the inner wall of the spherical groove.

[0023] Preferably, the third lifting member is a hydraulic jack, and the third lifting member has a movable end that moves in a controlled manner. A pressure sensor is provided inside the third lifting member, and the pressure sensor is configured to be triggered after the free end of the third lifting member is subjected to force, so as to transmit a trigger signal to the controller.

[0024] Preferably, the number of the first inclination sensors is eight, and the eight first inclination sensors are grouped in pairs. Moreover, the eight first inclination sensors are distributed in a circular array at the bottom of the supporting platform. The distance between each first inclination sensor and the line connecting the center of the supporting platform is equal, and the angles formed by adjacent lines are the same.

[0025] Advantageous Effects of an Embodiment of the Present Invention

[0026] The single pile static load test device realizes dynamic control of the bearing platform posture through the cooperation of the pressure-applying mechanism, the pressure-bearing mechanism, the first inclination sensor, the second inclination sensor, the arc surface groove and the arc surface structure, so that the top plane of the bearing platform can always remain horizontal through adaptive adjustment, thereby enhancing the stability of the device and solving the problem of tilting of the bearing platform caused by eccentric placement of the reaction load or local settlement of the pier.

[0027] Furthermore, the single pile static load test device forms a support mechanism by setting up several first support members, several second support members, several buffer members and several third jacking members, which limits the tilt angle of the adjustment seat to a preset range, thereby preventing instability of the device caused by excessive tilt of the adjustment seat.

[0028] Furthermore, the single pile static load test device is provided with a lateral groove on the circumferential side of the top seat, so that one end of the second support member is inserted into the lateral groove, and the other end is movably engaged with the end of the first support member through the concave spherical groove and the spherical structure. This design not only limits the separation of the first support member and the second support member, but also allows the adjustment seat to tilt freely within a certain range, while providing effective support to prevent excessive tilting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single pile vertical static load test device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] FIG2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single pile vertical static load test apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention when no reaction load is piled.

[0031] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure-applying mechanism installed on top of a pressure-bearing mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIG4 is a schematic exploded view of a pressurizing mechanism, a supporting mechanism, and a pressure-bearing mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] FIG5 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic exploded view of a pressurizing mechanism, a supporting mechanism, and a pressure-bearing mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional single pile static load test device.

[0035] Among them: 100, reaction platform; 110, bearing platform; 111, bearing surface; 112, abutment surface; 120, pier; 200, pressure mechanism; 210, first pressure component; 211, first jacking member; 212, first abutment plate; 220, second pressure component; 221, second jacking member; 222, second abutment plate; 300, pressure mechanism; 310, top seat; 311, arcuate groove; 312, sleeve groove; 313, lateral groove; 320, adjustment seat; 321, arcuate structure; 400, dynamometer; 500, support mechanism; 510, first support member; 520, second support member; 530, buffer member; 540, third jacking member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description created by the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0038] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0039] The technical solution of this application is designed based on a single pile vertical compressive static load test. For this type of test device, during cyclic loading, the reaction platform 100 often tilts due to uneven force or uneven settlement. Therefore, the applicant proposed the solution of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a single pile vertical static load test device in a preferred embodiment of the present application includes a reaction platform 100, a pressure mechanism 200 disposed below the reaction platform 100, a pressure-bearing mechanism 300 disposed below the pressure mechanism 200, a plurality of first inclination sensors (not shown in the figures), a plurality of second inclination sensors (not shown in the figures), a dynamometer 400, and a controller (not shown in the figures). The reaction platform 100 includes a support platform 110 and a buttress 120 disposed at the bottom of the support platform 110. The pressure mechanism 200 includes a first pressure component 210 and at least three second pressure components 220, wherein the first pressure component 210 includes a first lifting member 211 and a first abutting plate 212, the first lifting member 211 has a controlled telescopic moving end, and the center of the moving end of the first lifting member 211 coincides with the center of the carrier 110, the first abutting plate 212 is arranged between the carrier 110 and the first lifting member 211, the top of the first abutting plate 212 abuts against the bottom of the carrier 110, and the bottom of the first abutting plate 212 abuts against the first lifting member 211, each second pressure component 220 is distributed around the first pressure component 210, and each second pressure component 220 includes a second lifting member 221 and a second abutment plate 222, each second lifting member 221 includes a controlled telescopic moving end, each second abutment plate 222 is arranged between the support platform 110 and each corresponding second lifting member 221, and the top of each second abutment plate 222 abuts with the bottom of the support platform 110, and the bottom of each second abutment plate 222 abuts with the moving end of each corresponding second lifting member 221. The pressure-bearing mechanism 300 includes a top seat 310 mounted on the pile head and an adjustment seat 320 connected to the top seat 310. The top of the adjustment seat 320 is flat. The bottom ends of the first lifting member 211 and the second lifting members 221 abut against the top of the adjustment seat 320. The center of the first lifting member 211 coincides with the center of the plane at the top of the adjustment seat 320. A concave arcuate groove 311 is constructed at the center of the top of the top seat 310. A protruding arcuate structure 321 that matches the arcuate groove 311 is constructed at the center of the bottom of the adjustment seat 320. The arcuate structure 321 is embedded in the arcuate groove 311. Each first inclination sensor is mounted at the bottom of the support platform 110 to detect the tilt direction and tilt angle when the support platform 110 tilts. A second inclination sensor is mounted at the center of the interior of the adjustment seat 320 to detect the tilt angle of the adjustment seat 320. The dynamometer 400 is installed between the pile head and the top seat 310 , and opposite sides of the dynamometer 400 abut against the pile head and the top seat 310 respectively to detect the force applied to the pile head.The controller is connected to the first inclination sensor, each second inclination sensor, the dynamometer 400, the first jacking member 211, and each second jacking member 221 to receive monitoring data from the first inclination sensor, each second inclination sensor, and the dynamometer 400, and to control the extension and retraction of the mobile end of the first jacking member 211 and the mobile end of each second jacking member 221 according to the monitoring data. The improved new single pile static load test device realizes the control of the posture of the support platform 110 through the cooperation of the pressure mechanism 200, the pressure bearing mechanism 300, the first inclination sensor, the second inclination sensor, the arc groove 311, and the arc structure 321, so that the top plane of the support platform 110 can be adaptively adjusted to always maintain a horizontal state, thereby enhancing the stability of the device, solving the problem of tilting of the support platform 110 caused by eccentric placement of the reaction block or local settlement of the pier 120, and improving the convenience and safety of the operation of the single pile vertical compressive static load test.

[0041] As shown in Figure 2, the support platform 110 has a support surface 111 and an abutment surface 112. The support surface 111 and the abutment surface 112 are arranged in parallel. When the test device is in use, the support surface 111 is located above the abutment surface 112. The buttresses 120 are cylindrical bodies with a rectangular cross-section. The buttresses 120 are arranged in pairs at the bottom of the support platform 110. In other words, each buttress 120 is fixedly mounted on the abutment surface 112 of the support platform 110 so that when the test device is in use, the abutment surface 112 is suspended from the ground, facilitating the installation of the pressure mechanism 200 and the pressure-bearing mechanism 300.

[0042] As shown in Figure 2 , in some embodiments, there are two buttresses 120, each of which has a rectangular columnar cross-section. The supporting platform 110 is a plate-shaped structure. The two buttresses 120 are symmetrically distributed about the centerline of the supporting platform 110 perpendicular to its width or the centerline of the supporting platform 110 perpendicular to its length. Furthermore, both buttresses 120 are located near the edge of the supporting platform 110. It should be noted that a number of transverse and longitudinal beams may be provided between the supporting platform 110 and the buttresses 120 to enhance the support strength of the supporting platform 110.

[0043] The first jacking member 211 and the second jacking member 221 are preferably hydraulic jacks, and the first jacking member 211 and each second jacking member 221 are connected to an electric oil pump so that the moving end of the first jacking member 211 and the moving end of each second jacking member 221 can move in a controlled manner, that is, the contraction length of the piston rod in the hydraulic jack can be controlled.

[0044] As shown in Figures 1 and 3. In some embodiments, the number of second pressure assemblies 220 is eight, with two forming a group. The two second pressure assemblies 220 in each group are symmetrically arranged around the center of the first lifting member 211, and the spacing between adjacent second lifting members 221 is equal, that is, the angle formed by the line connecting the adjacent second lifting members 221 and the center of the first lifting member 211 is 45 degrees.

[0045] As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the top seat 310 is approximately cylindrical in shape. The bottom of the top seat 310 is configured with a socket groove 312 for socketing with the pile head. The axis of the top seat 310 passes through the lowest point of the arc groove 311. The radius of the arc groove 311 at the top of the top seat 310 is the same as the radius of the arc structure 321 at the bottom of the adjustment seat 320, so that the surface of the arc structure 321 can better fit the inner wall of the arc groove 311. In addition, in order to meet the requirement that the adjustment seat 320 can tilt relative to the top seat 310, when the arc structure 321 is embedded in the arc groove 311, only a portion of the arc structure 321 is located inside the arc groove 311, and the remaining portion of the arc structure 321 close to the adjustment seat 320 is exposed outside the arc groove 311, so that the adjustment seat 320 can tilt relative to the top seat 310.

[0046] It should be noted that the reason why the pressure-bearing mechanism 300 is divided into two parts, the top seat 310 and the adjustment seat 320, is because when the movable end of the second lifting member 221 is controlled to extend, it will apply downward pressure to the adjustment seat 320, and because each second pressure component 220 is arranged around the first lifting member 211, when the top seat 310 and the adjustment seat 320 are fixedly connected as a whole, the downward pressure applied by the second lifting member 221 to the adjustment seat 320 is an eccentric force, that is, the force when the top seat 310 is sleeved on the pile head is a lateral force. When the second lifting member 221 applies too much force, the contact part between the side of the pile head and the top seat 310 may be damaged due to overload.

[0047] It is understandable that constructing the arcuate groove 311 and the arcuate structure 321 at the top of the top seat 310 and the bottom of the adjustment seat 320 respectively has multiple advantages, as described below:

[0048] (1) Improve the stability of the structure

[0049] Arc surface design fits: By constructing an arc surface groove 311 on the top of the top seat 310 and a corresponding arc surface structure 321 on the bottom of the adjustment seat 320, the two can fit tightly together. This fitting design can effectively disperse and transmit the force generated during loading, improve the stability of the entire system, and prevent structural deformation or damage caused by excessive local force.

[0050] (2) Provide multi-directional adjustment capabilities

[0051] The coordinated design of the curved surface structure 321 and the curved groove 311 allows the adjustment base 320 to be fine-tuned in multiple directions. This design enables the adjustment base 320 to adapt to the roll of the support platform 110 in various directions and to perform precise adjustments through the jack system. This multi-directional adjustment capability is particularly important during experiments, as the support platform 110 may tilt in multiple directions for various reasons.

[0052] (3) Enhance the flexibility and accuracy of the system

[0053] The curved surface design enables the adjustment seat 320 to be dynamically adjusted according to real-time tilt data during the loading process, ensuring that the supporting platform 110 always remains level, and can also reduce the reverse force applied by the reaction platform 100 and transmit it to the pile head. This design can improve the accuracy and repeatability of the experiment and ensure that the force transmission path is consistent during each loading process.

[0054] (4) Easy to install and disassemble

[0055] The design of the arc surface structure 321 and the arc surface groove 311 allows the adjustment seat 320 to be easily installed on the top seat 310 and can be easily disassembled when needed. This design improves the operating convenience of the experimental device and reduces the labor intensity during installation and disassembly.

[0056] In summary, the cambered groove 311 and cambered structure 321 constructed on the top of the top seat 310 and the bottom of the adjustment seat 320, respectively, enhance the stability, flexibility, and accuracy of the entire system and facilitate installation and removal. These advantages enable the experimental device to operate more efficiently and reliably in practical applications, ensuring the accuracy and safety of single pile static load tests.

[0057] As shown in Figures 4 and 5 , if the tilt angle of the adjustment base 320 relative to the top base 310 is too large, the reaction loads accumulated on the reaction platform 100 may fall. Therefore, the tilt angle of the adjustment base 320 relative to the top base 310 must be within a predetermined range, which can be set between 10° and 15°. To prevent excessive tilt of the adjustment base 320, a support mechanism 500 can be installed between the adjustment base 320 and the top base 310.

[0058] As shown in Figure 5 , the support mechanism 500 includes a plurality of first support members 510, a plurality of second support members 520, a plurality of buffer members 530, and a plurality of third lifting members 540. Each first support member 510 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the adjustment seat 320 and arranged in an equidistant annular array around the curved surface structure 321 at the bottom of the adjustment seat 320. Each first support member 510 extends toward the center of the top seat 310. Each second support member 520 is movably mounted on the side of the top seat 310 and arranged in an equidistant annular array around the circumference of the top seat 310. The plurality of second support members 520 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of first support members 510, each second support member 520 extending toward the corresponding first support member 510, and each second support member 520 abuts against the end of the corresponding first support member 510 at one end. The circumferential side of the top seat 310 is constructed with several lateral grooves 313, and the end of each second support member 520 facing away from the first support member 510 is installed in each lateral groove 313 in a one-to-one correspondence. Each buffer member 530 and each third lifting member 540 are installed in each lateral groove 313 in a one-to-one correspondence to provide lateral support for each second support member 520. The buffer member 530 is located between the third lifting member 540 and the second support member 520, and the third lifting member 540 has a movable end for controlled movement, and a pressure sensor is provided inside the third lifting member 540. When the free end is subjected to force, the pressure sensor will be triggered. It should be noted that when the top plane of the adjustment seat 320 is in a horizontal state, the buffer members 530 are not squeezed, and there is a gap between the end of the second support member 520 located in the lateral groove 313 and the movable end of the third lifting member 540. When the tilt angle of the adjustment seat 320 exceeds the preset angle, the end of the second support member 520 located in the lateral groove 313 abuts against the movable end of the third lifting member 540 after squeezing the buffer member 530. After the pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) in the third lifting member 540 detects the pressure change, it transmits a signal to the controller. The controller controls the corresponding movable end of the third lifting member 540 to extend to limit the adjustment seat 320 from continuing to tilt.

[0059] As shown in Figure 5 , the third lifting member 540 is preferably a hydraulic jack connected to an electric oil pump, the lateral groove 313 is in the shape of a cylindrical groove, the second support member 520 is preferably a rod-shaped member, and one end of the second support member 520 facing the corresponding first support member 510 is configured as a concave spherical groove, and one end of the first support member 510 facing the corresponding second support member 520 is configured with a spherical structure that matches the spherical groove.

[0060] In some embodiments, the top surface of the adjustment seat 320 is a circular surface whose area is slightly smaller than that of the support platform 110. Furthermore, each second lifting member 221 is positioned near the edge of the circular surface to create a larger lever arm. It should be noted that the bottom of each second lifting member 221 and the bottom of the first lifting member 211 are both fixedly connected to the top surface of the adjustment seat 320 via a fixing structure (not shown).

[0061] The first inclination sensors are distributed in a circular array at the bottom of the support platform 110 in a manner surrounding the center of the support platform 110. The distances between the lines connecting the first inclination sensors and the center of the support platform 110 are equal, and the angles formed by adjacent lines are the same. A mounting groove (not shown in the figure) is constructed at the center of the adjustment seat 320, and the second inclination sensor is installed in the mounting groove. The dynamometer 400 is set in the sleeve groove 312. The dynamometer 400 is an annular strain gauge. One end of the dynamometer 400 abuts against the inner top wall of the sleeve groove 312, and the other end of the dynamometer 400 abuts against the top of the pile head. At this time, the force measured by the dynamometer 400 is only the pressure borne by the pile head.

[0062] In some embodiments, the number of first inclination sensors is eight, and the eight first inclination sensors are grouped in pairs. The number of second jacking members 221 is eight, and each group is two. The two second pressure assemblies 220 in each group are symmetrically arranged around the center of the first jacking member 211, and the angles formed by the lines connecting the centers of adjacent second jacking members 221 and the centers of the first jacking member 211 are both forty-five degrees. Each group of first inclination sensors is on both sides of the line connecting the centers of each group of second jacks.

[0063] A method for controlling a single pile vertical static load test device is specifically as follows:

[0064] The tilt direction and tilt degree of the carrying platform 110 are calculated based on the monitoring data of each first tilt sensor and the relative positions of each first tilt sensor installed on the carrying platform 110 .

[0065] According to the calculated tilt direction and tilt degree of the carrier platform 110 , the movable end of the second lifting member 221 at the corresponding position is controlled to extend and retract to adjust the posture of the top surface of the carrier platform 110 so that the top surface of the carrier platform 110 is parallel to the horizontal plane.

[0066] The tilt direction and tilt degree of the support platform 110 are calculated based on the monitoring data of each first tilt sensor and the relative position of each first tilt sensor installed on the support platform 110, specifically:

[0067] In order to establish the relationship between the roll direction of the supporting platform 110 and the monitoring data of each first tilt sensor and its specific installation position, the following process can be used to describe it:

[0068] 1. Definition

[0069] 1. Layout of the first inclination sensor:

[0070] (1) Assume that the position of the first lifting member 211 is the origin (0, 0) of the coordinate system.

[0071] (2) The positions of the eight second lifting members 221 are respectively denoted as P i (x i ,y i ), where i = 1, 2, ..., 8.

[0072] (3) The position of each group of two first tilt sensors is recorded as T i1 (x i1 ,y i1 ) and T i2 (x i2 ,y i2 ), respectively on both sides of the center line of each group of second lifting members 221.

[0073] 2. Reading of the first inclination sensor:

[0074] (1) First inclination sensor T ij The reading is θ ij , represents the tilt angle measured by the first sensor.

[0075] 2. Calculating the Tilt Direction and Degree of the Carrying Platform 110

[0076] During the tilting process of the supporting platform, the tilt angle measured by each first tilt sensor has a linear relationship with the actual tilt angle of the supporting platform. In order to simplify the problem, it can be assumed that the tilt of the top plate can be approximately described by a plane, which can be expressed as: z = Ax + By + C

[0077] Where A and B are the components of the plane's tilt angle, and C is a constant for the plane's height.

[0078] 1. Derivation of relational formula

[0079] (1) Position and reading of the first inclination sensor:

[0080] The reading of each first inclination sensor θ ij It can be approximately expressed as the angle between the plane at that position and the horizontal plane. According to the position of the first tilt sensor, the following equation can be established:

[0081] (2) System equations:

[0082] According to the above formula, we can get the system equations:

[0083] (3) Solve for A and B:

[0084] The coefficients A and B of the plane equation can be solved by the least squares method.

[0085] (4) Tilt direction and degree:

[0086] The tilt direction of the support platform 110 can be expressed by θ=tan -1 (B / A), the degree of inclination can be obtained by express.

[0087] Specific implementation steps include:

[0088] Record the position T of each first tilt sensor ij (x ij ,y ij ).

[0089] Get the reading of each first tilt sensor θ ij .

[0090] According to the position T of each first tilt sensor ij (x ij ,y ij ) and the reading of each first inclination sensor θ ij Calculate the coefficients A and B.

[0091] The tilt direction and tilt degree of the support platform 110 are calculated based on the coefficients A and B.

[0092] According to the calculated tilt direction and tilt degree of the carrying platform 110, the movable end of the second lifting member 221 at the corresponding position is controlled to be extended or retracted to adjust the posture of the top surface of the carrying platform 110 so that the top surface of the carrying platform 110 is parallel to the horizontal plane. Specifically:

[0093] Because when the supporting platform 110 tilts to one side, the adjustment seat 320 will also tilt relative to the top seat 310. At this time, each second lifting member 221 arranged between the adjustment seat 320 and the supporting platform 110 will also tilt, and the axial direction of the second lifting member 221 is always perpendicular to the top surface of the adjustment seat 320 and the bottom surface of the supporting platform 110.

[0094] Considering that the adjustment seat 320 is tilted relative to the top seat 310 and the axial direction of the second lifting member 221 is always perpendicular to the top surface of the adjustment seat 320 and the bottom surface of the supporting platform 110, the influence of the tilt of the adjustment seat 320 needs to be considered.

[0095] When the support platform 110 tilts to one side, the adjustment base 320 also tilts relative to the top base 310. At this point, each second lifting member 221 disposed between the adjustment base 320 and the support platform 110 also tilts. Assuming the tilt angle of the adjustment base 320 is α, and the axial direction of the second lifting member 221 is perpendicular to the top surface of the adjustment base 320 and the bottom surface of the support platform 110, it is necessary to consider the impact of this tilt on the lifting distance of the movable end of the second lifting member 221.

[0096] 1. Adjust height change:

[0097] Due to the inclination of the adjustment seat 320, the actual lifting distance of the second lifting member 221 will be affected. Assuming the inclination angle is α, the actual adjustment height δ of each second lifting member 221 is i It can be expressed as: i =d i cos(α)

[0098] 2. Adjusted equation:

[0099] Adjust the position (x) of each second lifting member 221 i ,y i ), and considering the influence of the tilt angle on the adjustment distance, the equation is: Ax i +By i +δ i =0 Ax i +By i +d i cos(α)=0

[0100] 3. Recalculate the adjustment amount:

[0101] In order to restore the level of the supporting plate 110, it is necessary to calculate the adjustment distance d i , so that the above equation holds true:

[0102] 4. Formula Explanation

[0103] When the supporting plate 110 and the adjusting seat 320 are tilted, the above formula takes into account the influence of the tilt angle α of the adjusting seat 320 on the lifting distance of the second lifting member 221. This formula shows that the adjustment distance d of the second lifting member 221 is i Correction needs to be performed according to the tilt angle to ensure that the supporting platform 110 can eventually be restored to a level state.

[0104] 5. Actual adjustment steps

[0105] (1) Measuring tilt:

[0106] The first inclination sensor and the second inclination sensor are used to measure the current inclination states of the supporting platform 110 and the adjusting seat 320 , and the coefficients A and B of the inclination plane equation and the inclination angle α of the adjusting seat 320 are obtained.

[0107] (2) Calculate the adjustment amount:

[0108] According to the position (x i ,y i ), calculate the lifting distance d that needs to be adjusted i , considering the influence of the tilt angle, adjust the height d of each second lifting member 221 i , so that the carrying platform 110 returns to a horizontal level.

[0109] In summary, through this method, the influence of the tilt of the adjustment seat 320 on the adjustment of the second lifting member 221 can be accurately considered, ensuring that the supporting platform 110 remains horizontal after the final adjustment.

[0110] The above contents described in this specification are merely examples of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications, additions, or substitutions to the described embodiments, without departing from the contents of this specification or exceeding the scope defined by the claims, and such modifications, additions, or substitutions may be made to the described embodiments. Such modifications, additions, or substitutions may be made by persons skilled in the art. Such modifications, additions, or substitutions may be made to the described embodiments without departing from the contents of this specification or exceeding the scope defined by the claims, and such modifications shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single pile vertical static load test device, characterized in that: include: A reaction platform, comprising a bearing platform for placing stacked objects and a pier arranged at the bottom of the bearing platform; A pressure mechanism, the pressure mechanism is arranged below the reaction platform, and the pressure mechanism includes a first pressure assembly and at least three second pressure assemblies, the first pressure assembly includes a first jacking member and a first abutment plate, the first jacking member has a controlled telescopic moving end, the center of the moving end of the first jacking member coincides with the center of the bearing platform, the first abutment plate is arranged between the bearing platform and the first jacking member, each of the second pressure assemblies is distributed around the first pressure assembly, each of the second pressure assemblies includes a second jacking member and a second abutment plate, each of the second jacking members has a controlled telescopic moving end, and each of the second abutment plates is arranged between the bearing platform and each corresponding second jacking member; A pressure-bearing mechanism, the pressure-bearing mechanism includes a top seat sleeved on the pile head of the single pile and an adjustment seat connected to the top seat, the top of the adjustment seat is a plane, the top of the first jacking member and the top of each second jacking member are fixedly connected to the top of the adjustment seat, a concave arc-shaped groove is constructed at the center of the top of the top seat, and a convex arc-shaped structure adapted to the arc-shaped groove is constructed at the center of the bottom of the adjustment seat, the arc-shaped structure is movably connected to the arc-shaped groove so that the arc-shaped structure and the arc-shaped groove are consistent; a first inclination sensor, mounted on the bottom of the carrying platform, for detecting a tilt direction and a tilt degree of the carrying platform when the carrying platform tilts; a second inclination sensor, the second inclination sensor being mounted at the center of the adjustment seat to detect an inclination angle of the adjustment seat; A dynamometer installed between the pile head and the top seat to detect the pressure on the pile head; A controller is connected to the first inclination sensor, the second inclination sensor, the dynamometer, the first lifting member and each second lifting member to receive monitoring data from the first inclination sensor, the second inclination sensor and the dynamometer, and controls the extension and retraction amount of the moving end of the first lifting member and the extension and retraction amount of the moving end of each second lifting member according to the monitoring data to control the posture of the supporting platform so that the top surface of the supporting platform is parallel to the horizontal plane.

2. A single pile vertical static load test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first jacking member and each of the second jacking members are hydraulic jacks, and the first jacking member and each of the second jacking members are connected to a pumping device so that the moving end of the first jacking member and the moving end of each of the second jacking members can move in a controlled manner.

3. A single pile vertical static load test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the second pressure assemblies is eight, with two forming a group. The two second pressure assemblies in each group are arranged on both sides of the center of the first lifting member in an opposite manner, and the angle formed by the line connecting the centers of two adjacent second lifting members and the center of the first lifting member is forty-five degrees.

4. A single pile vertical static load test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top seat is in the shape of a cylindrical structure. A socket groove for socketing with a single pile head is constructed at the center of the bottom of the top seat. The lowest point of the arc groove on the top of the top seat is collinear with the axis of the top seat.

5. A single pile vertical static load test device according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The radius of the arc surface groove is equal to the radius of the arc surface structure.

6. A single pile vertical static load test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a support mechanism, which is arranged between the adjustment seat and the top seat to limit the tilt angle of the adjustment seat relative to the top seat within a preset range. The support mechanism includes a plurality of first support members, a plurality of second support members, a plurality of buffer members and a plurality of third lifting members.

7. A single pile vertical static load test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each of the first support members is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the adjustment seat, and each of the first support members is distributed around the outer circumference of the adjustment seat in a circular array; Each of the second support members is movably mounted on a side surface of the top seat, and each of the second support members is distributed around the outer circumference of the top seat in a circular array.

8. A single pile vertical static load test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer circumference of the top seat is configured with a plurality of lateral grooves, and the ends of the second supporting members facing away from the first supporting member are inserted into the lateral grooves in a one-to-one correspondence manner; The second support member is constructed with a concave spherical groove at one end facing the corresponding first support member, and the first support member is constructed with a spherical structure adapted to the spherical groove at one end facing the corresponding second support member. The spherical structure is movably connected to the inside of the spherical groove, and the outer surface of the spherical structure is consistent with the inner wall of the spherical groove.

9. A single pile vertical static load test device according to any one of claims 6, 7 or 8, characterized in that: The third lifting member is a hydraulic jack, and has a movable end that moves in a controlled manner. A pressure sensor is provided inside the third lifting member, and the pressure sensor is configured to be triggered after the free end of the third lifting member is subjected to force, so as to transmit a trigger signal to the controller.

10. The single pile vertical static load test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are eight first inclination sensors, and the eight first inclination sensors are grouped in pairs. Moreover, the eight first inclination sensors are distributed in a circular array at the bottom of the supporting platform. The distance between each first inclination sensor and the center of the supporting platform is equal, and the angles formed by adjacent lines are the same.

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