PVT-heat pipe radiator system with heat transfer fluid

Abstract

The invention relates to a photovoltaic panel which heats up while generating electricity from photons from the sun, and which receives heat with the help of heat transfer pipes (23) and plate (22) placed behind the panel, and which reduces the heat loss of the heated panel with the help of glass frame (60), The invention relates to a PVT-heat pipe radiator system (10) with a heat transfer fluid that heats up by operating the heating element (50) in the heat transfer pipes (23) when required, transmits the heat to the heat pipe radiator with the help of the intermediate heat transfer pipe (40) and provides heating of the environment. In particular, the invention provides heat transfer pipes (23) and plate (22) that take heat from the heated surface of the photovoltaic panels during the electricity generation process, warms the system by creating a greenhouse effect with the help of glass frame (60) and reduces the heat loss from the panel to the external environment, and is heated with the help of heating element (50) in the heat transfer pipes (23) in order to prevent and / or melt the photovoltaic panel from being covered with snow as a result of heavy snowfall in winter months, phase changeable, non-clustering, containing colemanite, borax, Al2O3, SiO3, CuO, TiO2, SiL, szaybelite, boron carbide, boron solid particles between 10-200 nanometers and thanks to the catalyzing effect of these solid particles, PVT-heat pipe radiator system (10) with heat transfer fluid that rapidly transfers the heat it receives with the help of the plate (22) and heat transfer pipes (23) to the heat pipe radiator (30) in the environment with the intermediate heat transfer pipe (40), providing rapid heating of the environment at low temperature.

Description

[0001] PVT-HEAT PIPE RADIATOR SYSTEM WITH HEAT TRANSFER FLUID

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The invention relates to a PVT - heat pipe radiator system with a heat transfer fluid that takes the heat with the help of heat transfer pipes and plate placed behind the panel as a result of the heating of photovoltaic panels while generating electricity from photons from the sun, reduces the heat loss of the heated panel with the help of a glass frame, heats up by operating the heating element in the heat transfer pipes if necessary, transfers the heat to the heat pipe radiator with the help of an intermediate heat transfer pipe and provides heating the environment.

[0004] In particular, the invention relates to a PVT - heat pipe radiator system with a heat transfer fluid which takes the heat from the heated surface of the photovoltaic panels during the electricity generation process with the help of heat transfer pipes and plates, which heats the system by creating a greenhouse effect with the help of a glass frame and reduces the heat loss from the panel to the external environment, which is heated with the help of the heating element in the heat transfer pipes in order to prevent and / or melt the photovoltaic panel from being covered with snow as a result of heavy snowfall in winter months, which can change phase, which is non-clumping, It is related to the PVT - heat pipe radiator system with heat transfer fluid, which contains colemanite, borax, AI2O3, SiOs, CuO, TiCh, SiL, szaybelite, boron carbide, boron solid particles between 10-200 nanometers and thanks to the catalyzing effect of these solid particles, the heat it receives with the help of plates and heat transfer pipes is quickly transmitted to the heat pipe radiator in the environment with the intermediate heat transfer pipe, providing rapid heating of the environment at low temperature.

[0005] KNOWN STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

[0006] As the demand for energy in the world increases day by day, countries are turning to different sources to meet the increasing demand for energy or are working towards more efficient use of existing resources. Due to the excessive need for fossil resources, fossil resources are decreasing day by day, which increases the need for these studies. In addition, interest in renewable energy sources is increasing due to the damage caused by fossil resources to the environment. Solar energy plays an important role among renewable resources. Solar energy can be used depending on the need. Examples such as generating electricity and obtaining hot water can be given.

[0007] The technology that converts solar energy into electric current is called photovoltaic (PV) systems. The cells in photovoltaic systems contain light-sensitive semiconductor material. When the cells are exposed to sunlight, positive and negative electrons are released and electrical energy is obtained with the potential difference created by the freely released electrons. Thus, solar energy is converted into electrical energy.

[0008] Solar photons (light) are converted into direct current in the solar cells on the PV. Although the efficiency of PV panels increases with the development of technology, thin film panels have efficiency values between 10-15% and crystalline panels have efficiency values between 16-24%. As PV generates electricity, the surface of the PV panel heats up and its efficiency decreases. In order to prevent the negative effects of heat, photovoltaic thermal systems (PVT) are utilized. Photovoltaic thermal systems are used to convert solar energy into electrical energy while simultaneously removing the heat accumulated on the panel and preventing the efficiency decrease due to heating.

[0009] In the current technique, water or air systems are used to cool the PVT. In aqueous PVT systems, the cells are arranged directly on a cover plate with a dielectric material in the absorber or core. The heat- conducting fluid passes through the center of the channels on the absorber and takes the accumulated heat. The cells are glued to the absorber and the heat of the cells is removed. In PVT air systems, air is used instead of water. The system can be ventilated with air, natural circulation or forced circulation.

[0010] In the PVTs used in the current technique, water usually circulates in the channels in the product. This creates the need for pumping. This means that while the PV panels want to generate electricity, they also need to spend electricity for pumping. As the number of PVTs increases, the pressure drop will be higher as water circulates in these channels. Therefore, the pumping requirement for the operation of the system is also high.

[0011] The coefficient of thermal conductivity of the water used in the current technique is around 0.6 W / mK, while the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the air is very low at 0.25 W / mK.

[0012] In the existing technique, the efficiency of the panel suffers a serious decrease as a result of the surface of the panel being covered with snow after heavy snowfall in the winter months.

[0013] There are other negative reasons such as slow heat conduction in the current technique and corrosion of the systems in which water circulates over time. As a result, the need for a new economical, useful, heat transfer fluid PVT - heat pipe radiator system and the inadequacy of the existing solutions for the solution of the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing technique necessitated a development in the relevant technical field.

[0014] PURPOSE OF INVENTION

[0015] The present invention relates to a PVT - heat pipe radiator system with heat transfer fluid, which is developed to eliminate the above-mentioned disadvantages and to bring new advantages to the relevant technical field, which takes the heat generated by the cells in the photovoltaic panel while generating electricity with the rays received from the sun, with the help of the plate and heat transfer pipes, prevents the heat loss of the panel with the help of the glass frame, and if necessary, heats up by operating the heating element in the heat transfer pipes and transmits the heat to the heat pipe radiator in the indoor environment with the help of the intermediate heat pipe and provides heating of the indoor environment.

[0016] The most important purpose of the invention is to provide a heat transfer pipe containing a phase changeable heat transfer fluid. The phase changing fluid transitions from liquid phase to vapor phase and transmits heat. After transferring the heat, it condenses and returns. Thanks to the solid particles between 10-200 nanometers such as colemanite, borax, AI2O3, SiOs, CuO, TiCh, SiL, szaybelit, boron carbide, boron in the phase change heat transfer system, evaporation accelerates with the heat received. Since these nanoparticles act as catalysts, heat transfer is carried out rapidly. After heat transfer, these solid particles do not agglomerate and do not stick together during condensation. During condensation, the heat pipe cools slowly thanks to the nano-sized solid particles hitting the inner walls of the heat pipe. In this way, it has a high heat retention capacity. Thanks to these nano particles, heat pipes can be prepared without vacuuming. No sintering, grooving or pocketing is required on the inner surfaces of the heat pipes. Thus, it can work vertically and horizontally without shape restrictions.

[0017] Another important purpose of the invention is to provide heat conduction without passing water through the pipes with the presence of a phase changeable, non-clumping fluid in the pipes, which can contain colemanite, borax, AI2O3, SiOs, CuO, TiO2, SiL, boron carbide, szaybelite, boron solid particles between 10-200 nanometers.

[0018] Another purpose of the invention is to provide heating of environments with the heat obtained from solar energy, a renewable energy source, by operating at high efficiency at low temperatures. Under normal conditions, fossil fuel must be used to heat water for radiators that provide efficiency at temperatures of 55-60°C. The heat pipe radiator in the invention can work effectively at temperatures of 28-32°C in heating. As a result of the heating of the photovoltaic panel during electricity generation, it is possible to heat the environment by taking its heat with the invention. It does not require any fossil fuel.

[0019] One purpose of the invention is that the plate, which can be manufactured from materials such as, but not limited to, various metals and graphene, not only helps heat transfer but also serves to store heat.

[0020] Another aim of the invention is that it does not need any circulation pump since it passively transmits heat through heat pipes. Thus, it does not create any pumping costs.

[0021] Another purpose of the invention is that the heat transfer fluid does not adversely affect the environment and human health since it does not have any flammable, explosive, allergenic, carcinogenic, pathogenic effects.

[0022] Another purpose of the invention is that the phase change fluid has a heat conduction coefficient of 16098 W / mK as a result of our R&D studies. Therefore, the invention provides a fast heat transfer by reacting very quickly.

[0023] Another purpose of the invention is to prevent a significant decrease in the efficiency of the panel as a result of the photovoltaic panels being covered with snow after heavy snowfall in the winter months with the help of the heat received from the resistor in the heat transfer pipes, and to melt the snow accumulated on the panel and / or to prevent the snow that may accumulate.

[0024] Another purpose of the invention is to heat the panel by creating a greenhouse effect in an insulated manner thanks to the glass frame located outside the photovoltaic panel and to reduce the heat loss from the panel to the external environment.

[0025] The structural and characteristic features and all the advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood by the figures given below and the detailed description written by referring to these figures, and therefore, the evaluation should be made by considering these figures and detailed description.

[0026] FIGURES TO HELP UNDERSTAN THE INVENTION

[0027] Figure 1 - The invention is a drawing giving an overview of a PVT-heat pipe radiator system with phase change heat transfer fluid.

[0028] Figure 2 - The invention is a drawing of a PVT-heat pipe radiator system with a phase change heat transfer fluid, showing a discrete view of the PVT system components.

[0029] Figure 3 - The invention is a drawing showing the rear view of the PVT system of the PVT - heat pipe radiator system with phase changeable heat transfer fluid. REFERANS NUMARALARI

[0030] 10. PVT - heat pipe radiator system with heat transfer fluid

[0031] 20. PVT

[0032] 21. PV

[0033] 22. Plate

[0034] 23. Heat transfer pipe

[0035] 30. Radiator with heat pipe

[0036] 40. Intermediate heat transfer pipe

[0037] 50. Heating element

[0038] 60. Glass frame

[0039] 70. Wall

[0040] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0041] In this detailed description, the preferred embodiments of the heat transfer PVT - heat pipe radiator system are described only for a better understanding of the subject matter and without any limiting effect.

[0042] The inventive PVT-heat pipe radiator system (10) with heat transfer fluid shown in Figures 1 - 3 is mainly composed of PVT (20), PV (21), plate (22), heat transfer pipes (23), heat pipe radiator (30), intermediate heat transfer pipe (40), heating element (50) and glass frame (60).

[0043] In the invention, in the PVT-heat pipe radiator system (10) with heat transfer fluid, electricity is generated by the photons coming from the sun in the cells on the PV (21) forming the PVT (20). The PV (21), where electricity is generated, starts to heat up after a while. The plate (22) placed behind the heated PV (21) absorbs the heat from the PV (21) surface. With the help of heat transfer pipes (23) containing solid particles between 10-200 nanometers such as colemanite, borax, AI2O3, SiC , CuO, TiO2, SiL, boron carbide, szaybelite, boron in the phase change heat transfer fluid, the heat in the PV (21) is taken and transferred to the intermediate transfer pipe (40) with the phase change heat transfer fluid. The intermediate heat transfer pipe (40) containing the phase change heat transfer fluid passes through the wall (70) and transfers the heat to the heat pipe radiator (30) in the indoor environment. The heated heat transfer fluid heat pipe radiator (30) gives its heat to the indoor environment in which it is located and provides rapid heating of the indoor environment. The heat transfer pipes (23) used for the PVT (20) to receive the heat accumulated in the PV (21) by the phase changeable heat transfer fluid (20) may be positioned horizontally and / or vertically or at different angles, including but not limited to.

[0044] Alternatively, in our invention, the phase changeable heat transfer fluid may comprise the aforementioned solid particles of 10-50 or 50-100 or 100-150 nanometers.

[0045] The insulated and sealed glass frame (60) placed on the front surface of the PV (21) creates a greenhouse effect, allowing the PVT (20) to reach higher temperatures and reducing heat loss from the PV (21) to the external environment. In this way, the phase changeable heat transfer fluid in the plate (22) and heat transfer pipes (23) can reach higher temperatures and transfer the heat to the heat pipe radiator (30) with the help of the intermediate heat transfer pipe (40), thus heating the indoor environment.

[0046] In order to prevent the PVT (20) from being covered with snow as a result of heavy snowfall in winter months and / or to melt the snow pile on the PVT (20) covered with snow, the heating element (50) in the heat transfer pipes (23) is operated to prevent the PVT (20) from being covered with snow and / or to melt the snow pile on the panel.

[0047] The scope of protection of this application is set out in the claims and cannot be limited to what is described above strictly by way of illustration. It is obvious that a person skilled in the art can demonstrate the novelty set forth in the invention by using similar embodiments and / or can apply this embodiment to other areas with similar purposes used in the relevant art. Therefore, it is also obvious that such constructions will lack the criterion of novelty and especially the criterion of exceeding the state of the art.

Claims

CLAIMS1- The invention relates to the PVT - radiator system (10) with heat transfer fluid, which allows the heat generated as a result of the heating of the photovoltaic panel while generating electricity to be used for heating the indoor environment; PVT - radiator system (10) with heat transfer fluid (10) which takes the heat generated on the surface of PV (21) by the cells on PV (21) generating electricity, from the back surface of PV (21) with the help of heat transfer pipes (23) and plate (22), and transfers it to the heat pipe radiator (30) in the indoor environment through heat transfer pipes (23) and intermediate transfer pipe (40), and provides heating of the indoor environment by transferring it to the heat pipe radiator (30) in the indoor environment, containing colemanite, borax, AI2O3, SiO3, CuO, TiO2between 10-200 nanometers, It is characterized by the fact that it contains Si L, boron carbide, szaybelite, boron solid particles, and thanks to these particles and evaporating with the heat received, it provides rapid heat transfer, and during condensation after heat transfer, it contains a phase changeable heat transfer fluid that cools slowly thanks to the nano-sized solid particles hitting the inner walls of the heat pipe radiator (30).2- PVT - heat pipe radiator system (10) with heat transfer fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a plate (22), heat transfer pipes (23) containing phase changeable heat transfer fluid, intermediate heat transfer pipe (40) and heat pipe radiator (30), which enables the system to operate passively and does not require circulation pump and electricity consumption.3- PVT - heat pipe radiator system (10) with heat transfer fluid PVT - heat pipe radiator system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a plate (22) which acts as heat storage as well as heat transfer.4- PVT - heat pipe radiator system (10) with heat transfer fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a phase changeable heat transfer fluid with a heat transfer coefficient of 16098 W / mK.5- PVT - heat pipe radiator system (10) with heat transfer fluid suitable for claim 1, characterized in that a PVT - heat pipe radiator system (10) with a heat transfer fluid PVT - heat pipe radiator system (10) in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that it rapidly transmits the heat it receives from the heating element (50), prevents the PVT (20) from being covered with snow after and / or during heavy snowfall in winter and / or ensures that the snow pile on the snow-covered PVT (20) is melted quickly, heat transfer pipes (23) are characterized by containing a phase changeable, non-clumping heat transfer fluid containing colemanite, borax, AI2O3, SiC , CuO, TiCh, SiL, boron carbide, szaybelite, boron solid particles between 10-200 nanometers. 6- PVT - heat pipe radiator system (10) with heat transfer fluid in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an insulated and sealed glass frame (60) which enables the PVT (20) to reach higher temperatures by creating a greenhouse effect and reduces heat loss from the PVT (20) to the external environment.

Images