Two-component thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition
A two-component thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition with low viscosity and fast curing speed addresses the viscosity and curing time challenges of existing adhesives, enhancing thermal management and assembly efficiency in electric vehicle batteries.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2024/077755
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-28
AI Technical Summary
Current thermally conductive adhesives for electric vehicle batteries have high viscosity, leading to low flow rates and fast curing times, which are incompatible with the fast cycle times required in battery manufacturing processes, and lack the necessary properties for efficient thermal management.
A two-component thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition comprising polymeric polyol, reaction retarders, catalysts, and thermally conductive fillers, with specific weight percentages of reaction retarders and catalysts, to achieve low viscosity, high flow rate, and fast curing speed.
The composition provides high thermal conductivity, low viscosity, and fast curing speed, enabling efficient thermal management and assembly processes in electric vehicle batteries.
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Abstract
Description
Two-component thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive compositionTechnical field
[0001] The present invention relates to a two-component thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition, in particular, a thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition for battery, especially in electric vehicle, and to a method of manufacturing the two-component thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition.Background of the invention
[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles (NEVs) , thermal interface materials (TIMs) are gaining wide attentions to quickly transfer heat generated by the battery systems to reduce safety accidents or electrical damage. Currently, the thermal management of the battery is limiting the energy density, and subsequently the driving range, of electric vehicles. Batteries are typically thermally managed, or cooled, by a cooling unit in electric vehicles. A thermal interface material (TIM) facilitates the efficient transport of heat between battery and cooling unit. TIMs take a wide variety of forms, with effective physical bridging of the battery and cooling unit surfaces and good thermal conductivity being key criteria independent of the nature of the TIM. TIMs can take the form of thermal greases, putties, pads, gap fillers and phase-change materials, each with own set of performance characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages.
[0003] Thermally Conductive Adhesives (TCAs) are TIMs with advantages over the afore-mentioned technologies in that they attempt to combine the mechanical strength of a structural adhesive, including ideally maintained despite fluctuating temperature, humidity, and vibration levels, with the thermal performance of a TIM. Typical additional requirements of these materials in battery applications include excellent flame retardance and electrical isolation.
[0004] The dispensing and assembly process of the automobile or battery manufacturer often also requires a specific set of properties, such as good dispensability of the mixed components and an excellent thermal conductivity for the TCAs. The thermal conductivity is usually provided by the thermally conductive filler package contained in a high content in the adhesive. Due to the high content of thermal conductive fillers in these products to achieve a high thermal conductivity, the viscosity of the adhesive composition is very high, which results in a lower flow rate of the adhesive composition during application. Due to the fast cycle times in battery manufacturing processes, there is the strong need to mix and apply thermal products very fast. For that purpose, a thermally conductive adhesive composition having a low viscosity, a high flow rate, a long operation time, and a fast-curing speed, is needed.Summary of the invention
[0005] It is therefore the object of the present invention to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks by providing a two-component thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition with high thermal conductivity, low viscosity, longer operation time, and fast curing speed.
[0006] According to one aspect, the present invention relates to a thermal conductive polyurethane adhesive composition comprising a component (A) and a component (B) :
[0007] the component (A) comprising:
[0008] a) at least one polymeric polyol having an average hydroxyl functionality from at least 1.8,
[0009] b) at least one reaction retarder, the reaction retarder including thiols,
[0010] c) at least a catalyst, and
[0011] d) at least one thermally conductive filler,
[0012] the component (B) comprising:
[0013] e) at least one isocyanate-terminated compound,
[0014] f) at least one thermally conductive filler, and
[0015] g) at least an organic acid,
[0016] wherein the at least one reaction retarder being present in an amount of larger than 0.001 wt. %to less than 1.0 wt. %, and the catalyst being present in an amount of 0.001 wt. %to 2.0 wt. %, based on the weight of the component (A) .
[0017] According to another aspect, the present invention also relates to a method for the manufacturing of a thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to present invention, comprising:
[0018] (1) providing the component (A) and the component (B) ; and
[0019] (2) mixing the components to obtain the adhesive composition.
[0020] Yet another subject matter relates to a cured adhesive product obtained by curing a thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to present invention.
[0021] According to still another aspect, the present invention also relates to a use of the cured adhesive product of present invention as thermal conductive adhesive for bonding substrates.
[0022] According to still another aspect, the present invention also relates to an article comprising the thermally conductive adhesive composition or the cured adhesive product according to present invention.Detailed description of the invention
[0023] In the following passages the present invention is described in more detail. Each aspect so described may be combined with any other aspect or aspects unless clearly indicated to the contrary. In particular, any feature indicated as being preferred or advantageous may be combined with any other feature or features indicated as being preferred or advantageous.
[0024] In the context of the present invention, the terms used are to be construed in accordance with the following definitions, unless a context dictates otherwise.
[0025] As used herein, the singular forms “a” , “an” and “the” include both singular and plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, reference to "a filler" encompasses embodiments having one, two or more fillers. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and / or" unless the content clearly dictates otherwise.
[0026] The terms “comprising” , “comprises” and “comprised of” as used herein are synonymous with “including” , “includes” or “containing” , “contains” , and are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, non-recited members, elements or process steps.
[0027] The recitation of numerical end points includes all numbers and fractions subsumed within the respective ranges, as well as the recited end points.
[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in the disclosing the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of the ordinary skills in the art to which this invention belongs to. By means of further guidance, term definitions are included to better appreciate the teaching of the present invention.
[0029] In the context of this disclosure, several terms shall be utilized.
[0030] The terms “polymer” is used herein consistent with its common usage in chemistry. Polymers are composed of many repeated subunits. The term “polymer” is used to describe the resultant material formed from a polymerization reaction.
[0031] As used herein, by "D50 particle size"is meant that the particle size distribution is such that at least 50%of the particles by weight have a particle size diameter of less than the specified value. Unless otherwise stated, that particle size is determined by laser diffraction.
[0032] As discussed previously, embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to a two-component thermal-conductive polyurethane adhesive composition comprising: a component A comprising a polymeric polyol and a component B comprising an isocyanate-terminated compound.
[0033] Component A (part A)
[0034] <Polymeric polyol>
[0035] The component A comprises a polymeric polyol having an average hydroxyl functionality from at least 1.8, preferably from 1.8 to 6.0, more preferably from 1.8 to 4.0.
[0036] As used in this specification, the terms “polymer” and “polymeric” means prepolymers, oligomers, and both homopolymers and copolymers. As used in this specification, “prepolymer” means a polymer precursor capable of further reactions or polymerization by one or more reactive groups to form a higher molecular mass or cross-linked state. As used in this specification, the prefix “poly” refers to two or more. A polyol is understood to be a compound containing more than one hydroxyl (-OH) group in the molecule. A polyol can further have other functionalities on the molecule. The term "polyol" encompasses a single polyol or a mixture of two or more polyols. The average hydroxyl (-OH) functionality refers to the average number of reactive hydroxyl groups contained in one molecule of polyol.
[0037] The polymeric polyol may have a weight average molecular weight of from 300 to 10000 g / mol. “Molecular weight” herein refers to weight average molecular weight unless otherwise specified. The number average molecular weight Mn, as well as the weight average molecular weight Mw, is determined according to the present invention by gel permeation chromatography (GPC, also known as SEC) at 23℃ using a styrene standard according to DIN EN ISO 16014-5: 2012-10.
[0038] The polymeric polyol may also have a hydroxyl value from 10 to 500 mg KOH / g, preferably from 20 to 400 mg KOH / g, and more preferably from 50 to 350 mg KOH / g, measured according to DIN EN ISO 4629.
[0039] Some suitable polymeric polyols include the reaction products of low molecular weight polyhydric alcohols with alkylene oxides, so-called polyether polyols. The alkylene oxides preferably contain 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Some reaction products of this type include, for example, the reaction products of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, the isomeric butane diols, hexane diols or 4, 4'-dihydroxydiphenyl propane with ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or butylene oxide or mixtures of two or more thereof. The reaction products of polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerol, trimethylol ethane or trimethylol propane, pentaerythritol or sugar alcohols or mixtures of two or more thereof, with the alkylene oxides mentioned to form polyether polyols are also suitable. Thus, depending on the desired molecular weight, products of the addition of only a few mol ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide per mol or of more than one hundred mol ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide onto low molecular weight polyhydric alcohols may be used. Other polyether polyols are obtainable by condensation of, for example, glycerol or pentaerythritol with elimination of water. Some suitable polyols include those polyols obtainable by polymerization of tetrahydrofuran.
[0040] The polyether polyols are reacted in known manner by reacting the starting compound containing a reactive hydrogen atom with alkylene oxides, for example ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, styrene oxide, tetrahydrofuran or epichlorohydrin or mixtures of two or more thereof.
[0041] Suitable starting compounds are, for example, water, ethylene glycol, 1, 2-or 1, 3-propylene glycol, 1, 4-or 1, 3-butylene glycol, hexane-1, 6-diol, octane-1, 8-diol, neopentyl glycol, 1, 4-hydroxymethyl cyclohexane, 2-methyl propane-1, 3-diol, glycerol, trimethylol propane, hexane-1, 2, 6-triol, butane-1, 2, 4-triol, trimethylol ethane, pentaerythritol, mannitol, sorbitol, methyl glycosides, sugars, phenol, isononylphenol, resorcinol, hydroquinone, 1, 2, 2-or 1, 1, 2-tris- (hydroxyphenyl) -ethane, ammonia, methyl amine, ethylenediamine, tetra-or hexamethylenediamine, triethanolamine, aniline, phenylenediamine, 2, 4-and 2, 6-diaminotoluene and polyphenylpolymethylene polyamines, which may be obtained by aniline / formaldehyde condensation, or mixtures of two or more thereof.
[0042] Some suitable polymeric polyols include diol EO / PO (ethylene oxide / propylene oxide) block copolymers, EO-tipped polypropylene glycols, or alkoxylated bisphenol A.
[0043] Some suitable polymeric polyols include polyether polyols modified by vinyl polymers. These polyols can be obtained, for example, by polymerizing styrene or acrylonitrile or mixtures thereof in the presence of polyether polyol.
[0044] Commercial examples of polyether polyol include Arcol series polyols such as Arcol PPG 425, Arcol PPG 2025 from Coverstro, Dianol series polyols such as Dianol 330 from Arkema and Pluracol series polyols such as P-2010 from BASF.
[0045] Some suitable polymeric polyols include polyester polyols. For example, it is possible to use polyester polyols obtained by reacting low molecular weight alcohols, more particularly ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hexanediol, butanediol, propylene glycol, glycerol or trimethylol propane, with caprolactone. Other suitable polyhydric alcohols for the production of polyester polyols are 1, 4-hydroxymethylcyclohexane, 2-methylpropane-1, 3-diol, butane-1, 2, 4-triol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, dibutylene glycol and polybutylene glycol.
[0046] Some suitable polymeric polyols include polyester polyols obtained by polycondensation. Thus, dihydric and / or trihydric alcohols may be condensed with less than the equivalent quantity of dicarboxylic acids and / or tricarboxylic acids or reactive derivatives thereof to form polyester polyols. Suitable dicarboxylic acids are, for example, adipic acid or succinic acid and higher homologs thereof containing up to 16 carbon atoms, unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, such as maleic acid or fumaric acid, cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid (CHDA) , and aromatic dicarboxylic acids, more particularly the isomeric phthalic acids, such as phthalic acid, isophthalic acid or terephthalic acid. Citric acid and trimellitic acid, for example, are also suitable tricarboxylic acids. The acids mentioned may be used individually or as mixtures of two or more thereof. Polyester polyols of at least one of the dicarboxylic acids mentioned and glycerol which have a residual content of OH groups are suitable. Suitable alcohols include but are not limited to propylene glycol, butane diol, pentane diol, hexanediol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) , 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol (MPDiol) , or neopentyl glycol or isomers or derivatives or mixtures of two or more thereof. High molecular weight polyester polyols may be used in the second synthesis stage and include, for example, the reaction products of polyhydric, preferably dihydric, alcohols (optionally together with small quantities of trihydric alcohols) and polybasic, preferably dibasic, carboxylic acids. Instead of free polycarboxylic acids, the corresponding polycarboxylic anhydrides or corresponding polycarboxylic acid esters with alcohols preferably containing 1 to 3 carbon atoms may also be used (where possible) . The polycarboxylic acids may be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic or both. They may optionally be substituted, for example by alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, ether groups or halogens. Suitable polycarboxylic acids are, for example, succinic acid, adipic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic acid, phthalic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, endomethylene tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, glutaric anhydride, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, dimer fatty acid or trimer fatty acid or mixtures of two or more thereof. Small quantities of monofunctional fatty acids may optionally be present in the reaction mixture.
[0047] The polyester polyol may optionally contain a small number of terminal carboxyl groups. Polyesters obtainable from lactones, for example based on ∈-caprolactone (also known as "polycaprolactones" ) , or hydroxycarboxylic acids, for example ω-hydroxycaproic acid, may also be used.
[0048] In some embodiments of present invention, the polymeric polyol comprises at least one natural oil-based polyol, at least one hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, at least one epoxy modified polyol.
[0049] The natural oil-based polyol is present in an amount of 0.5%to 8%by weight, based on the component (A) . The natural oil-based polyol comprises castor oil based polyol, soybean oil based polyol, cardanol based polyols, sesame oil-based polyol.
[0050] Some suitable natural oil-based polyols include castor oil and derivatives thereof. Some suitable natural oil-based polyols include fatty polyols, for example the products of hydroxylation of unsaturated or polyunsaturated natural oils, the products of hydrogenations of unsaturated and polyunsaturated polyhydroxy natural oils, polyhydroxyl esters of alkyl hydroxyl fatty acids, polymerized natural oils, soybean polyols, and alkylhydroxylated amides of fatty acids.
[0051] Some suitable natural oil-based polymeric polyols include cardanol based polyols and derivatives thereof. Cardanol is a derivative of cashew nutshell liquid, which is extracted from the layer between the nut and shell of the cashew nut. This interlayer contains predominantly anacardic acid (2-carboxy-3-pentadecadienylphenol) and related acids having different double-bond contents, and also cardol (m-pentadecadienylresorcinol) . The liquid is extracted from the interlayer by heating, in the course of which the acids are decarboxylated. The products thus obtained comprise cardanol, cardol and related compounds having different numbers of double bonds. Cardanol is finally isolated from CNSL by distillation. The side chains, which are saturated or cis-unsaturated, may undergo further reaction, by polymerization, to form higher molecular mass compounds.
[0052] Preferably, the cardanol based polyol is selected from cardanol based polyether polyols, cardanol based polyester polyols, cardanol based Mannich polyols, and combination thereof. Suitable cardanol based polyols include, but are not limited to, Polycard polyols available from Chemical Technical Services Inc. (e.g., Polycard XFN-50, Polycar XFN-53, and Polycard 425M) , Cardolite Corp. (e.g., GX-9201, GX 9203, NX-9001, NX 9203, NX-9001LV, NX-9004, NX-9007, NX-9008, NX-5285, GX-9005, GX-9006, GX-9007, GX-9101, GX-9102, GX-9103, GX-9104) , and Bio-Based Technologies (such as Agrol Platinum) .
[0053] The hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) is an oligomer of butadiene terminated at each end with a hydroxyl functional group, is present in an amount of 0.5%to about 3%by weight, based on the total weight of component (A) .
[0054] Some suitable hydroxy-terminated polybutadienes include the hydroxy functional polybutadienes (polybutadiene polyol, such as Krasol LBH 2000, Krasol LBH 3000, Poly bd from Cray Valley, total Energies, Polyvest HT from Evonik. Some suitable hydroxy-terminated polybutadienes include hydrogenated polyisobutylene polyols, commercially available as Krasol HLBH P 2000, Krasol HLBH P 3000from Cray Valley, total Energies, GI 1000, GI 2000 and GI 3000 from Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.
[0055] The epoxy-modified polyol is present in an amount of 0.5%to 7%by weight, based on the component (A) . The epoxy-modified polyols comprise Polyols based on ethoxylated or propoxylated polyphenols are, for example, ethoxylated or propoxylated bisphenol A, bisphenol B or bisphenol F. Preferably, the propoxylation product of bisphenol A having a degree of propoxylation of 2, i.e., any phenolic group, is reacted with only one molecule of propylene oxide on average. The ethoxylated or propoxylated polyphenol is contained in the polyol component in an amount of 5 to 20%by weight, preferably 10 to 15%by weight. Preferably the epoxy-modified polyol is prepared from bisphenol-A or bisphenol-F and an epoxide, particularly from a glycidylether or glycidylester or ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide and / or butylene oxide.
[0056] Some suitable epoxy-modified polyols include Dianol 320, Dianol 330, Dianol 3120 from Arkema.
[0057] In some embodiments of present invention, the polymeric polyol comprises a natural oil-based polyol, a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, an epoxy modified polyol and the combination thereof.
[0058] In yet another embodiment, the polymeric polyol further comprises at least one cardanol based polyol, at least one polybutadiene polyol and at least one epoxy modified polyol.
[0059] If present, the at least one polymeric polyol is present in the component A in an amount from 1 to 30 wt. % (%by weight) , preferably from 1 to 20 wt. %, and more preferably from 1 to 10 wt. %based on the total weight of the component A.
[0060] Thermally conductive filler
[0061] The two-component polyurethane adhesive composition also comprises at least one thermally conductive filler to provide the thermal conductivity to the cured adhesive for using in battery application.
[0062] In some embodiment, the thermal conductive filler may be present in the adhesive composition (or either or both component (A) and the component (B) .
[0063] The thermally conductive filler is selected from aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum silicate, calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, glass fibers, carbon black, silica and combination thereof. Preferably, the thermally conductive filler is selected from aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum silicate, and combination thereof, and more preferably comprises aluminum hydroxide and / or aluminum oxide.
[0064] The thermally conductive fillers may have an average particle diameter D50 from 0.1 μm to 150 μm, preferably from 0.5 μm to 120 μm. The thermally conductive fillers can be used in single or in mixture of two or more materials having different particle sizes. The average diameter D50 of the thermally conductive filler can be measured with any diameter analyzer known in the art. The average diameter of the thermally conductive filler is preferably measured by light scattering method using LS-13320 available from BECKMAN COULTER.
[0065] In some of the embodiments, the thermally conductive filler comprises at least 60 wt. %of a filler having an average particle diameter D50 from 70 μm to 120 μm, based on the total weight of the thermally conductive fillers.
[0066] In some of the embodiments, the thermally conductive filler comprises at least 20 wt. %of a filler having an average particle diameter D50 from 10 μm to 20 μm, based on the total weight of the thermally conductive fillers.
[0067] In some of the embodiments, the thermally conductive filler comprises at least 10 wt. %of a filler having an average particle diameter D50 from 0.5 μm to 2 μm, based on the total weight of the thermally conductive fillers.
[0068] In the present invention, there are no particular restrictions for the shape of the filler. The shape may be a regular or irregular shape and includes but is not limited to polygon, cube, oval, sphere, needle, flake, plate, or any combination thereof. Preferably, the fillers are in a spherical shape. The filler may be surface-modified or non-surface modified. Preferably, the fillers are surface modified.
[0069] Examples of commercially available aluminium oxides include, for example, AX1 M from NIPPON STEEL Chemical &Material Co., Ltd.; NASR-05 from Bestry Performance Materials Co., Ltd.; DAW-01 from Denka Corporation. BAK 10 from Bestry Performance Materials Co., Ltd.; BA 7 from Bestry Performance Materials Co., Ltd.; BAK 5 from Bestry Performance Materials Co., Ltd; CH-155592-M, CH-55325-M from CMP.
[0070] Examples of commercially available aluminium hydroxides include, for example Martinal series products from Huber Advanced Materials, DP-365, DP-365W from Sanshui JinGe company, AH-02-M, AH-50-M, and AH-08-M from CMP.
[0071] Examples of commercially available aluminium silicates include, for example ASP 170 from BASF.
[0072] The thermally conductive filler is present in an amount from 60%to 95%by weight, or at least 70%to 95%by weight, or at least 80%to 95%by weight, or at least 85%to 95%by weight, based on the weight of the adhesive composition.
[0073] Catalyst
[0074] The 2-component polyurethane adhesive composition according to the present invention may contain one or more catalysts, selected from tertiary amine compounds, organometallic compounds, and mixture thereof. As catalysts, the usual organometallic compounds as known in polyurethane chemistry may be used, such as e.g., iron or tin compounds. Examples of these are 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds of iron, such as iron (III) -acetylacetonate, such as in particular the organotin compounds of di-and tetravalent tin, in particular the Sn (II) -carboxylates or the dialkyl-Sn (IV) -dicarboxylates or the corresponding dialkoxylates, such as e.g., dibutyl tin dilaurate, dibutyl tin diacetate, dioctyl tin diacetate, dibutyl tin maleate, tin (II) -octoate. In particular, tertiary amines or amidines may be used as catalysts, optionally in combination with the above-mentioned tin compounds. As amines, both acyclic, and in particular, cyclic compounds may be used here. Examples are tetramethylbutane diamine, bis (dimethylaminoethyl) ether, 1, 4-diaza-bicyclooctane (DABCO) , 1, 8-diaza-bicyclo- (5.4.0) -undecene, 2, 2’-dimorpholino diethyl ether, dimethyl piperazine or mixtures of the above-mentioned amines. A preferred embodiment of the adhesive composition according to the present invention comprises a tin compound, particularly dibutyl tin dilaurate as catalyst, such as those sold under the trade name of TIB Kat 218.
[0075] The catalyst is present in the component A in an amount of from 0.001 to 1 wt. %, or in an amount of 0.05 to 1 wt. %, or in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5 wt. %, or in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 wt. %, or in an amount of 0.01 to 0.5 wt. %, based on the total weight of component A.
[0076] Reaction retarder
[0077] The component A according to the present invention may contain one or more reaction retarders. As a reaction retarder in the context of this invention, substances are understood that slow the reaction between OH and NCO groups. For this purpose, thiols such as alkyl thiols are suitable reaction retarder in present invention.
[0078] Examples of thiols include, but are not limited to, trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate) , pentaerithritol tetrakis (3-mercaptopropionate) , dipentaerithritol hexakis (3-mercaptopropionate) , tris [2- (3-mercaptopropionyloxy) ethyl] isocyanurate, tetraethylene glycol bis (3-mercaptopropionate) , 1, 10-decanedithiol, ethylene glycol bis (3-mercaptopropionate) , 1, 2-ethanedithiol, 1, 3-propanedithiol, 1, 4-butanedithiol, 1, 6-hexanedithiol, 1, 8-octanedithiol, 1, 8-dimercapto-3, 6-dioxaoctane, pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-mercaptobutylate) , 1, 4-bis (3-mercaptobutylyloxy) butane, 1, 3, 5-tris (3- mercaptobutyloxethyl) -1, 3, 5-triazine-2, 4, 6 (1 H, 3H, 5H) -trione, dipentene dimercaptan, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane tris (3-mercaptopropionate) with n=1 to 10,000 ethylene oxide repeat units.
[0079] In some preferred embodiments, reaction retarder comprises thiol selected from a group consisting of isooctyl 3-mercaptopropionate, dodecyl 3-mercaptopropionate, 2-mercaptoethanol, monofunctional aliphatic linear and branched thiols with n=2 to 40 carbons, n-dodecyl mercaptan, n-octyl mercaptan, tertiarydodecyl mercaptan, ethyl mercaptan, isopropyl mercaptan, methyl mercaptan, n-propyl mercaptan, sec-butyl mercaptan, tert-nonyl mercaptan, tert-dodecyl mercaptan, tertiary mercaptan blends, tert-butyl mercaptan, grapefruit mercaptan, thioglycolic acid, thiolactic acid, 3-mercaptopropionic acid, ammonium thioglycolate, monoethanolamine thioglycolate, sodium thioglycolate, potassium thioglycolate, 2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate, isooctyl thioglycolate, iso-tridecyl thioglycolate, glyceryl thioglycolate, glyceryl dimercaptoacetate, pentaerythritol tetramercaptoacetate, butyl-3-mercaptopropionate, 2-ethylhexyl-3-mercaptopropionate, iso-tridecyl-3-mercaptopropionate, octadecyl 3-mercaptopropionate, monoethanolamine thiolactate, thiodiglycolic acid, diammonium dithioglycolate, di (2-ethylhexyl) thiodiglycolate, methylene bis (butylthioglycolate) , thiodipropionic acid, dithiobis (stearylpropionate) , thioglycerol, dithioglycerol. It can be used both individually and mixtures, the aforementioned thiol compounds.
[0080] In one preferred embodiment, the reaction retarder is a monofunctional aliphatic linear and branched thiols, in particular n-dodecyl mercaptan. It was surprisingly found that the lower the thiol functionality of the thiol, the better it works with the catalyst to achieve long operation time and fast curing speed.
[0081] The reaction retarder is present in the component A, in an amount of from 0.001 to 2 wt. %, or in an amount of 0.05 to 2 wt. %, or in an amount of 0.05 to 1.5 wt. %, or in an amount of 0.05 to less than 1.0 wt. %, or in an amount of 0.08 to 0.95 wt. %, or in an amount of 0.1 to 0.8 wt. %, based on the total weight of the component A.
[0082] Chain extender
[0083] The component A according to the present invention optionally comprises a chain extender. Usually, chain extenders are low molecular weight molecules used to modify the backbone of a given polymer. The chain extender has a molecular weight Mn of 60 to 600 g / mol, and more preferably from 60 to 500 g / mol.
[0084] In a preferred embodiment, the chain extender is a short chain diol, in particular a linear or branched, alkyl or cycloalkyl diol with 9 or less carbon atoms. In an especially preferred embodiment, the chain extender is selected from the group consisting of 1, 2-propanediol, 1, 3-propanediol, 2-methyl-1, 3-propanediol, 1, 2-butanediol, 1, 3-butanediol, 1, 4-butanediol, 1, 5-pentanediol, 3-methyl-1, 5-prentanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol, 1, 9-nonanediol, 1, 12-dodecandiol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, butylene glycol, cyclohexane-1, 2-diol, cyclohexane-1, 4-diol, 1, 4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane and mixtures thereof.
[0085] The chain extender is present in the component A in an amount less than 1 wt. %based on the total weight of the component A. In one embodiment, the component A essentially contains no chain extender, such as no more than 0.5 wt. %, preferably no more than 0.1 wt. %, more preferably no more than 0.05 wt. %, and in particular contains no chain extender such as short chain diol, in view of further improving the viscosity of the component A.
[0086] Additive
[0087] The composition according to the invention may further comprise additives. The additives are preferably selected such that they do not enter into a reaction or a side reaction with the isocyanates in another component of adhesive composition, at least not during the period of the cross-linking reaction. Preferably, the one or more additives are selected from the group consisting of plasticizer, pigments, rheology modifiers, water scavenger, and anti-foaming agents. In preferred embodiment the amount of the additives present in the adhesive composition is from 0 to 10 wt. %, preferably 0.1 to 5 wt. %, more preferably 0.2 to 2 wt. %based on the total weight of the adhesive composition.
[0088] Conventional flame retardants can optionally be incorporated, preferably in an amount of not more than about 20 wt. %of the component A, or not more than about 15 wt. %, or not more than about 10 wt. %. Optional flame retardants include tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate, tris (2, 3-dibromopropyl) phosphate, tris (l, 3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, tri (2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tri (2, 2-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate, diethyl-N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) aminomethylphosphonate, dimethylmethylphosphonate, tri (2, 3-dibromopropyl) phosphate, tri (1, 3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, and tetra-kis- (2-chloroethyl) ethylene diphosphate, triethylphosphate, diammonium phosphate, various halogenated aromatic compounds, antimony oxide, polyvinyl chloride, melamine, and the like.
[0089] Component B (part B)
[0090] Isocyanate-terminated compound
[0091] The isocyanate-terminated compound can be any compound having on average two, three or more isocyanate groups. As incorporated herein the term “isocyanate-terminated compound” encompasses diisocyanate, polymeric isocyanates, and isocyanate-terminated oligomers and polymers. It can be used both individually and mixtures, such isocyanate-terminated compounds. In one embodiment, the isocyanate-terminated compound is selected from the group consisting of an aromatic polyisocyanate, an alicyclic polyisocyanate, an aliphatic polyisocyanate, and mixture thereof, and preferably is one or more aliphatic polyisocyanate. The isocyanate-terminated compound preferably has an NCO content of 20 to 30%. The viscosity of the isocyanate-terminated compound is preferably no more than 5000 mPa. s.
[0092] Some advantageous isocyanate-terminated compounds have the general structure O=C=N-X-N=C=O where X is an aliphatic, alicyclic or aryl radical, preferably an aliphatic or alicyclic radical containing 4 to 18 carbon atoms.
[0093] Some suitable isocyanates include 1, 5-naphthylene diisocyanate, diphenyl methane diisocyanate (MDI) including the 2, 2’-2, 4’-and 4, 4'-isomers, polymeric MDI (pMDI) , hydrogenated MDI (HMDI) , xylylene diisocyanate (XDI) , tetramethyl xylylene diisocyanate (TMXDI) , di-and tetraalkylene diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 4, 4'-dibenzyl diisocyanate, 1, 3-phenylene diisocyanate, 1, 4-phenylene diisocyanate, the isomers of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) , 1-methyl-2, 4-diisocyanatocyclohexane, 1, 6-diiso-cyanato-2, 2, 4-trimethyl hexane, 1, 6-diisocyanato-2, 4, 4-trimethyl hexane, 1-isocyanatomethyl-3-isocyanato-1, 5, 5-trimethyl cyclohexane (IPDI) , chlorinated and brominated diisocyanates, phosphorus-containing diisocyanates, 4, 4'-diisocyanatophenyl perfluoroethane, tetramethoxybutane-1, 4-diisocyanate, butane-1, 4-diisocyanate, hexane-1, 6-diisocyanate (HDI) , dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, cyclo-hexane-1, 4-diisocyanate, ethylene diisocyanate, phthalic acid-bis-isocyanatoethyl ester; diisocyanates containing reactive halogen atoms, such as 1-chloromethylphenyl-2, 4-diisocyanate, 1-bromomethylphenyl-2, 6-diisocyanate or 3, 3-bis-chloromethylether4, 4'-diphenyl diisocyanate. Aromatic polyisocyanates are preferred and diphenyl methane diisocyanate (MDI) and its isomers and polymeric MDI (pMDI) are more preferred as part or all of the polyisocyanates used for synthesis of the pre-polymers.
[0094] Some suitable isocyanates include isocyanate functional pre-polymers. Such pre-polymers are formed by reacting excess amount of polyisocyanate with a polyol, a polyamine, polythiol, or the combination of them. “Excess” is understood to mean that there are more equivalents of isocyanate functionality from the polyisocyanate compound than equivalents of hydroxyl functionality from the polyol present during reaction to form the pre-polymer. In this disclosure, it is to be understood that the terms polyisocyanate pre-polymer or pre-polymer or isocyanate functional pre-polymer are applied to any compound made according to the forgoing description, i.e., as long as the compound is made with at least a stoichiometric excess of isocyanate groups to isocyanate reactive groups it will be referred to herein as polyisocyanate pre-polymer or a pre-polymer or isocyanate functional pre-polymer.
[0095] Sulfur-containing polyisocyanates are obtained, for example, by reaction of 2 mole hexamethylene diisocyanate with 1 mole thiodiglycol or dihydroxydihexyl sulfide. Other suitable diisocyanates are, for example, trimethyl hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1, 4-diisocyanatobutane, 1, 12-diisocyanatododecane and dimer fatty acid diisocyanate. Suitable diisocyanates are the tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, undecane diisocyanate, dodecamethylene diisocyanate, 2, 2, 4-trimethylhexane-2, 3, 3-trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, 1, 3-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 1, 4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, 1, 3-and 1, 4-tetramethyl xylene diisocyanate, isophorone, 4, 4-dicyclohexylmethane, tetramethylxylylene (TMXDI) and lysine ester diisocyanate.
[0096] Aliphatic polyisocyanates with two or more isocyanate functionality formed by biuret linkage, uretdione linkage, allophanate linkage, and / or by trimerization are suitable.
[0097] Suitable at least trifunctional isocyanates are polyisocyanates formed by trimerization or oligomerization of diisocyanates or by reaction of diisocyanates with polyfunctional compounds containing hydroxyl or amino groups. Isocyanates suitable for the production of trimers are the diisocyanates mentioned above, the trimerization products of HDI, MDI, TDI or IPDI being preferred.
[0098] Blocked, reversibly capped polyisocyanates, such as 1, 3, 5-tris- [6- (1-methylpropylideneaminoxycarbonylamino) -hexyl] -2, 4, 6-trix-ohexahydro-1, 3, 5-triazine, are also suitable. The polymeric isocyanates formed, for example, as residue in the distillation of diisocyanates are also suitable for use. The isocyanate-terminated compound encompasses a single compound or the mixture of two or more compounds.
[0099] In one preferred embodiment, the isocyanate-terminated compound is selected from HDI, IPDI, the oligomer thereof, and the combination thereof, and in particular is the combination of HDI trimer and IPDI. The particularly selected isocyanate-terminated compound may contribute to an improved lap shear strength and tensile strength of the cured product.
[0100] The isocyanate-terminated compound is stored in a separate component B before curing with polyols and is present in the component B in an amount of from 2-20 wt. %, or from 2 wt. %to 15 wt. %, or from 5 wt. %to 15 wt. %, based on the total weight of the component B.
[0101] The component B may comprise the thermally conductive fillers same or similar as contained in the component A. In one embodiment, the component B comprises at least one thermally conductive filler in an amount of from 60%to 95%by weight, preferably at least 70%to 95%by weight, or at least 80%to 95%by weight, or at least 85%to 95%by weight, based on the weight of the component B.
[0102] The ratio of the isocyanate groups contained in the isocyanate-terminated compounds relative to the OH groups contained in the polyols is as a rule in the range of equivalence and it is expedient if a slight excess of isocyanate groups in relation to the humidity is present at the surface. According to the invention, the NCO / OH ratio is between 0.90: 1 and 1.5: 1, in particular between 1.0: 1 and 1.3: 1. According to the invention, the component A and the component B may be mixed in a weight ratio from 1: 10 to 10: 1, preferably from 1: 5 to 5: 1, and more preferably from 1: 2 to 2: 1 depending on the choices of polyols and isocyanate-terminated compounds.
[0103] Organic acid
[0104] The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition of present invention comprises an organic acid in component B, in an amount of less than 1 wt. %, or less than 0.8 wt. %, or less than 0.7 wt. %, or less than 0.6 wt. %, or less than 0.5 wt. %, or less than 0.3 wt. %, or less than 0.2 wt. %, or less than 0.1 wt. %, based on the weight of component B.
[0105] The organic acid comprises organic acid compound which react with isocyanate groups and form hydrogen bonding to stabilize the viscosity of component B.
[0106] Suitable organic acids have a pH value of equal to or less than 3, or equal to or less than 2, or equal to or less than 1.
[0107] Commercially available organic acid comprises phosphoric ester compounds, such as Harcryl 1228 from HARCROS, light ester P-1M and light ester P-2M from KYOEISHA Chemical Co., Ltd., JPA-514 from Johoku Chemical Co., Ltd., CD9054 from Arkema.
[0108] Thermal conductive adhesive composition
[0109] The thermal conductive adhesive composition according to the present application may be in the form of two-component or multi-component composition.
[0110] When the thermal conductive adhesive composition is a two-component adhesive composition, it consists of:
[0111] a component (A) comprising:
[0112] (a) at least one polymeric based polyol having an average hydroxyl functionality from at least 1.8,
[0113] (b) at least one reaction retarder, the reaction retarder including thiols,
[0114] (c) at least one thermally conductive filler, and
[0115] (d) at least one catalyst, and
[0116] a component (B) comprising:
[0117] (e) at least one isocyanate-terminated compound,
[0118] (f) at least one thermally conductive filler,
[0119] (g) at least an organic acid,
[0120] wherein the at least one reaction retarder being present in an amount of larger than 0.001 wt. %to less than 1.0 wt. %, and the catalyst being present in an amount of 0.001 wt. %to 2.0 wt. %, based on the weight of the component (A) .
[0121] When necessary, a portion of components such chain extender or additives can be kept in one or more parts other than the component A and component B, which forms a multi-part thermal conductive adhesive composition.
[0122] A further object of the invention is cured adhesive product obtainable by curing the adhesive composition according to the invention. Curing of the inventive adhesive composition can be carried out by common methods well known to the person skilled in the art, such as low energy and room temperature curing, treatment with radiation, for example UV light, exposure to moisture, induction and / or heating.
[0123] In order to be processable in industrial application, the adhesive composition needs to have a viscosity that allows easy and precise application. Therefore, an embodiment is preferred wherein the adhesive composition according to the invention has a viscosity of no more than 1000 Pa·s, preferably no more than 500 Pa·s, in particular 100 to 500 Pa·s, or 150 to 350 Pa·s, measured by Anton Paar Rotational Rheometer with parallel plates (25 mm diameter) at a shear rate of 2.4 s-1 at 25℃. In addition, the adhesive composition according to the invention has a Shore A hardness of greater than 20, or greater than 30, or greater than 40, or greater than 50 within 1 hour room temperature curing.
[0124] The inventive adhesive composition is thermally conductive. In a preferred embodiment, the adhesive composition exhibits a thermal conductivity of at least 3.0 W / m·K, preferably 3.0 to 3.2 W / m·K, determined according to ISO 22007-2 at 25℃. It was surprisingly found that an advantageous balance between thermal conductivity and adhesiveness can be achieved if the thermal conductivity of the adhesive composition is chosen within the above ranges. Further, a thermal conductivity in the above range makes the adhesive composition especially suitable for use in the assemblies of energy storage devices, such as batteries.
[0125] Commonly, the thermal conductivity of an adhesive composition is achieved with the compromise of some other properties of the adhesive, such as flame retardancy, the adhesion and mechanical properties of the adhesive. It was surprisingly found that the inventive cured adhesive composition also achieves a long operation time and a fast-curing speed.
[0126] In order to produce adhesive composition according to the invention, the component A and component B and other optional component are mixed optionally under heating, subsequently optionally solid components should be dissolved in the mixtures. Subsequently, the additives are mixed and dispersed. In this context, the humidity content should be kept low, for example water can be reduced by means of molecular sieves. Inert additives may also partially be admixed to the isocyanate-terminated compound. For application, the polyol parts and the isocyanate parts are mixed together in a manner known per se and the mixture is applied to the substrates to be bonded together.
[0127] A further object of the present invention is a method of manufacturing an article using the adhesive composition according to the invention. The method according to the invention comprises the following steps:
[0128] i) applying the adhesive composition according to the invention onto the surface of a first substrate to be bonded;
[0129] ii) bringing the surface of the first substrate to be bonded, treated with the adhesive composition, into contact with a second substrate to be bonded; and
[0130] iii) curing the adhesive composition to obtain the desired article.
[0131] In a preferred embodiment, contacting of the first substrate to be bonded with the second substrate to be bonded is carried out by applying pressure.
[0132] A further object is an article obtainable according to method of manufacture according to the invention. Preferably, the article according to the invention comprises the cured adhesive composition according to the invention.
[0133] The adhesive composition according to the invention can be applied in a variety of technical fields and is especially suitable in the manufacture of heat-sensitive objects, in particular objects where heat is generated. Accordingly, a further object of the present invention is the use of the inventive adhesive composition in pipes, preferably cooling coils; in electronic components, preferably light-emitting devices, computer devices, mobile phones, tablets, touch screens, energy storage devices, automotive technology, hifi systems, and audio systems; in joints between heat pipes and water tanks in solar heated heating; in fuel cell and wind turbines; in the manufacture of computer chips; in light devices; batteries; in housings; in coolers; heat exchanging devices; wires; cables; heating wires; household appliances such as refrigerators and dishwashers; air conditionings; accumulators; transformers; lasers; functional clothing; car seats; medical devices; fire protection; electric motors; planes and trains.
[0134] Examples:
[0135] The present invention will be further described and illustrated in detail with reference to the following examples. The examples are intended to assist one skilled in the art to better understand and practice the present invention, however, are not intended to restrict the scope of the present invention. All numbers in the examples are based on weight unless otherwise stated.
[0136] Raw Materials
[0137] *All raw materials are directly used without any special treatment.
[0138] Preparation of Prepolymer A
[0139] Charged PPG 1000 Voranol 2110TB 40g, PPG 400 N204 3g and PPG 1000 Fn3 GY 1055 3g in a reactor first, then charged 4, 4 MDI 11g and MixMDI Wannate MDI 50F 44g when temperature was lower than 40degC. Started heating to 70degC, controlled temperature below 80degC, cooled the reactor if necessary, checked the NCO%value (13.40%-14.40%) by titration and viscosity (2000-4500mpa. s25℃Brookfield LVT, 30rpm, sp. 3) .
[0140] Formulations of components and test results
[0141] Components (A) of the thermally conductive adhesive compositions were formulated according to the ingredients and amounts in Table 1 by mixing well all components except the thermal conductive fillers under vacuu m with a Rossmixer until the mixture was dissolved completely, and the thermal conductive filler were added into the mixture and mixing well to obtain components (A) under vacuum.
[0142] Components (B) of the thermally conductive adhesive compositions contain the polyisocyanate and the fillers / additives are shown in Table 1. The components except the thermal fillers were mixed well under vacuum by using a Ross mixer until the mixture was dissolved completely, and the thermal conductive filler were added into the mixture and mixing well to obtain components (B) under vacuum.
[0143] Example 2-7, and CE1-CE7
[0144] The thermal conductive polyurethanecompositions of E2 to E7, CE1 to CE7 were prepared in reference to Example 1. More details are listed in below result part.
[0145] Test Methods
[0146] Peel (180°) Strength (gf / 10mm)
[0147] The peel strength was tested according to ASTM D903-1998. These two substrates are aluminum plate (25 mm width, 100 mm length) and aluminum plastic film (10 mm width, 200 mm length) , the dust or grease on the surface of substrates need to be removed before using; the specimen was performed by bonding substrates together with adhesive, control the bonding area around 25 *80 mm, the adhesive thickness around 2 mm.
[0148] The test specimens were cured for 24 hours in a controlled environment room (25±3 ℃, 30-70%relative humidity) , and then tests of peel strength were performed by using a Zwick tension tester at moving speed of 300 mm / min. Each test was repeated 6 samples to get the average value in gf / cm.
[0149] Peel Strength results are recorded and ranked as follows:
[0150] - Not pass: lower than 400 gf / cm;
[0151] - Pass: greater than or equal to 400 gf / cm;
[0152] - Good: greater than or equal to 500 gf / cm;
[0153] - Excellent: greater than or equal to 600 gf / cm.
[0154] Lap shear strength (MPa)
[0155] The overlap shear strength was tested according to ASTM D1002-2010. Aluminum sample strips (25 mm width, 100 mm length) were wiped 3 times with isopropanol before using. Bond two aluminum sample strips together with adhesive, control the bonding area around 25 *25 mm, the thickness around 2 mm.
[0156] The test specimens were cured for 24 hours in a controlled environment room (25±3 ℃, 30-70%relative humidity) , and then tests of overlap shear strength were performed by using a Zwick tension tester at moving speed of 12.7 mm / min. Each test was repeated 6 samples to get the average value in MPa.
[0157] Lap Shear Strength results are recorded and ranked as follows:
[0158] - Not pass: lower than 1.4 MPa;
[0159] - Pass: greater than or equal to 1.4 MPa;
[0160] - Good: greater than or equal to 2 MPa;
[0161] - Excellent: greater than or equal to 3.0 MPa
[0162] Thermal conductivity
[0163] The first part and the second part were mixed under 1600 rpm for 90 s under vacuum. Then the mixture was cured in module (diameter 20mm with thickness 13mm) at 85℃ for 30 mins. Thermal conductivity of the obtained sample was measured by Hot Disk TPS 3500 according to ISO-22007-2 2022.
[0164] Thermal conductivity results are recorded and ranked as follows:
[0165] - Not pass: the thermal conductivity is less than 3.0 W / m·k;
[0166] - Pass: the thermal conductivity is equal to or greater than 3.0 W / m·k;
[0167] - Good: the thermal conductivity is equal to or greater than 3.2 W / m·k.
[0168] Viscosity
[0169] The viscosity of component (A) and component (B) were measured by the Anton Paar viscometer Physica MCR 301 with the plate system PP25 at a shear rate of 2.4 1 / s and having a measurement gap of 0.5 mm, the data were recorded for dwelling time 180 seconds.
[0170] The viscosity results are recorded and ranked as follows:
[0171] Viscosity range: Part A: 150 Pa·s-350 Pa·s,
[0172] Part B: 90 Pa·s-250 Pa·s.
[0173] 2x viscosity time (double viscosity time, min)
[0174] “2x viscosity time” refers to the time during which the viscosity of mixed component A and component B (volume ratio 1: 1) doubles.
[0175] “2x viscosity time” (min) was measured by an Anton Paar viscometer Physica MCR 301 with the plate system PP25 at a shear rate of 2.4 1 / s and having a measurement gap of 1.0 mm. The mixture of component A and component B in a volume ratio of 1: 1 was applied using the Cox Airflow 1 compressed air dispenser system with the MixPac MC 13-18 mixer after a 1 min pre-run into viscometer, and check the viscosity data for 100 sec. Finally find the time when the viscosity is doubled compared to the viscosity at 100 sec.
[0176] 2x viscosity time results are viscosity recorded and ranked as follows:
[0177] - Not Pass: less than 20 mins, or greater than 50 mins,
[0178] - Pass: equal to or greater than 20 mins,
[0179] - Good: equal to or greater than 30 mins.
[0180] Curing speed (Shore A hardness of the cured adhesives in 1 hour)
[0181] The mixture of component A and component B in a volume ratio of 1: 1 was applied using the Cox Airflow 1 compressed air dispenser system with the MixPac MC 13-18 mixer after a 1minute pre-run into aluminum containers with a diameter of 4.5 cm and a height of 1.5 cm. The surface of container was smoothed, and the mixture was stored at 23 ℃ and 30-70%relative humidity for 1 hour.
[0182] Shore A hardness of the cured adhesive was measured immediately after removal of the test specimens from the oven. The Shore A hardness of the cured adhesive was measured according to ASTM D2240.
[0183] Curing speed results are viscosity recorded and ranked as follows:
[0184] - Not Pass: Shore A hardness in 1h is less than 50,
[0185] - Pass: Shore A hardness in 1h is equal to or greater than 50.
[0186] - Good: Shore A hardness in 1h is equal to or greater than 70.
[0187] Component A and Component B storage stability
[0188] The component A and component B were stored separately in 1-liter ion cans at room temperature (25 ℃±2 ℃) . After 4 months, the viscosity of top, medium and bottom part in 1L can were measured by the Anton Paar viscometer Physica MCR 301 with the plate system PP25 at a shear rate of 2.4 1 / s and having a measurement gap of 0.5 mm, and compare with original data (viscosity when it produced) .
[0189] Storage stability results are viscosity recorded and ranked as follows:
[0190] - Pass (in the range) :
[0191] Part A: 150 Pa·s-350 Pa·s,
[0192] Part B: 90 Pa·s-250 Pa·s.
[0193] - Not pass:
[0194] Part A: <150 Pa·s or >350 Pa·s,
[0195] Part B: < 90 Pa·s or >250 Pa·s
[0196] Table 1. Formulations of the adhesive compositions E1-E7 (in gram)
[0197] Table 2. Testing results of the adhesive compositions E1-E4
[0198] Table 3. Formulations of two-component polyurethane adhesive compositions CE1-CE7.
[0199] Table 4. Testing results of the adhesive compositions CE1-CE7
[0200] As can be seen from above tables, the designed catalyst, reaction retarder and organic acid can help the formulations have good strength and thermal conductivity, both component A and component B have suitable viscosity and good storage stability, and the mixed composition has long operation time (2x viscosity time is in the scope of 20-50mins) and fast curing speed (the Shore A hardness of the cured adhesive can reach at least 50 within 1 hour) .
[0201] In Examples 1 to 7, the two-component polyurethane based compositions were prepared according to the formulations provided by the present invention. These formulations especially included the rubber, designed catalyst, reaction retarder and organic acid, polymeric polyol, and isocyanate. When the contents of the claimed components of the present invention are within certain ranges, the prepared 2k thermal conductive adhesive compositions could be cured at room temperature. And the compositions have long operation time and fast curing speed.
[0202] It can be seen from CE1, the composition comprises aromatic isocyanate, and the operation time and curing speed can’t achieve desired performance.
[0203] Although the operation time and curing speed are qualified, but the strength performance of CE2 has been impacted by excess amount of the hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene.
[0204] CE 3 comprises desired compounds, but the Shore A hardness of the cured adhesive is decreased when the reaction retarder is used too much.
[0205] CE4 doesn’t comprises organic acid in component B, then the storage stability is poor, and the operation time is shortened.
[0206] CE 5 comprises desired compounds, but the filler content not higher enough, thus the thermal conductivity is decreased.
[0207] CE 6 comprises multifunctional thiol reaction retarder, the composition has long operation time, but the curing time is impacted, it is hard to achieve a balance between operation time and curing time.
[0208] CE 7 comprises big filler size D50 is out of range (from 70 μm to 120 μm) , the composition has lower thermal conductivity and higher viscosity.
Claims
1.A thermal conductive polyurethane adhesive composition comprising a component (A) and a component (B) :the component (A) comprising:h) at least one polymeric polyol having an average hydroxyl functionality from at least 1.8,i) at least one reaction retarder, the reaction retarder including thiols,j) at least a catalyst, andk) at least one thermally conductive filler,the component (B) comprising:l) at least one isocyanate-terminated compound,m) at least one thermally conductive filler, andn) at least an organic acid,wherein the at least one reaction retarder being present in an amount of larger than 0.001 wt. %to less than 1.0 wt. %, and the catalyst being present in an amount of 0.001 wt. %to 2.0 wt. %, based on the weight of the component (A) .2.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein polymeric polyol comprises at least one natural oil-based polyol, at least one hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene, at least one epoxy modified polyol.3.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition of claim 3, wherein the natural oil-based polyol is present in an amount of 0.5%to 8%by weight, based on the component (A) .4.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition of claim 3, wherein the natural oil-based polyol comprises castor oil based polyols, soybean oil based polyols, cardanol based polyols, sesame oil based polyols, and derivatives thereof.5.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition of claim 3, wherein the hydroxy-terminated polybutadiene is present in an amount of 0.5%to about 3%by weight, based on the component (A) .6.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition of claim 3, wherein the epoxy-modified polyol is present in an amount of 0.5%to 7%by weight, based on the component (A) .7.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the polymeric polyol is present in an amount from 1%to 20%by weight, preferably 1%to 15%by weight based on the weight of component (A) .8.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the reaction retarder includes thiols with a sulfhydryl functionality of 1.9.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the reaction retarder is a mono-functional alkyl thiol.10.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 9, wherein the reaction retarder has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 4 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and in particular 8 to 16 carbon atoms.11.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the reaction retarder is present in an amount from 0.1%by weight to 0.8%by weight, based on the weight of the component (A) .12.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the catalyst is present in an amount from 0.01%by weight to 0.5%by weight, based on the weight of the component (A) .13.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive filler comprises aluminum hydroxide and / or aluminum oxide.14.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the thermally conductive filler is present in an amount from 60%to 95%by weight, preferably at least 70%to 95%by weight, more preferably at least 80%to 95%by weight, and in particular at least 85%to 95%by weight, based on the weight of the adhesive composition.15.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the isocyanate-terminated compound is selected from aromatic polyisocyanates, alicyclic polyisocyanates, aliphatic polyisocyanates, and combination thereof.16.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the isocyanate-terminated compound is one or more of 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) , Hexamethylene diisocyanate dimer, Hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer, 1, 4-tetramethylene diisocyanate, 1, 6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) modified prepolymer, hydrogenated methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (H6XDI) , hydrogenated methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (H6XDI) modified prepolymer, 1, 4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) or isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) modified prepolymer.17.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid comprises organic acids which complex with isocyanate groups and form hydrogen bonding.18.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid comprises organic acids having a pH value of less than 3, or at least less than 2, or at least less than 1.19.The thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the organic acid comprises phosphoric ester.20.A method for the manufacturing of a thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to any one of claims 1-19, comprising:(1) providing the component (A) and the component (B) ; and(2) mixing the components to obtain the adhesive composition.21.The method of claim 20, wherein the mixed component (A) and component (B) have a double viscosity time longer than 20 min and a shore A hardness of at least 50 within 1 hour.22.A cured adhesive product obtained by curing a thermally conductive polyurethane adhesive composition according to any of claims 1 to 19.23.Use of the cured adhesive product of claim 22 as thermal conductive adhesive for bonding substrates.24.The use of claim 23 in the manufacture of battery in automotive industry.25.An article comprising the thermally conductive adhesive composition according to any of claims 1 to 19 or the cured adhesive product according to claim 22.
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